EP3872937A1 - Connecteur enfichable électrique et procédé de fabrication d'un connecteur enfichable électrique - Google Patents
Connecteur enfichable électrique et procédé de fabrication d'un connecteur enfichable électrique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3872937A1 EP3872937A1 EP20160092.1A EP20160092A EP3872937A1 EP 3872937 A1 EP3872937 A1 EP 3872937A1 EP 20160092 A EP20160092 A EP 20160092A EP 3872937 A1 EP3872937 A1 EP 3872937A1
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- Prior art keywords
- conductor contact
- contact element
- inner conductor
- outer conductor
- dielectric
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/646—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00 specially adapted for high-frequency, e.g. structures providing an impedance match or phase match
- H01R13/6473—Impedance matching
- H01R13/6477—Impedance matching by variation of dielectric properties
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/40—Securing contact members in or to a base or case; Insulating of contact members
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
- H01B11/002—Pair constructions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/46—Bases; Cases
- H01R13/516—Means for holding or embracing insulating body, e.g. casing, hoods
- H01R13/518—Means for holding or embracing insulating body, e.g. casing, hoods for holding or embracing several coupling parts, e.g. frames
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/646—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00 specially adapted for high-frequency, e.g. structures providing an impedance match or phase match
- H01R13/6473—Impedance matching
- H01R13/6474—Impedance matching by variation of conductive properties, e.g. by dimension variations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/646—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00 specially adapted for high-frequency, e.g. structures providing an impedance match or phase match
- H01R13/6473—Impedance matching
- H01R13/6474—Impedance matching by variation of conductive properties, e.g. by dimension variations
- H01R13/6476—Impedance matching by variation of conductive properties, e.g. by dimension variations by making an aperture, e.g. a hole
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/648—Protective earth or shield arrangements on coupling devices, e.g. anti-static shielding
- H01R13/658—High frequency shielding arrangements, e.g. against EMI [Electro-Magnetic Interference] or EMP [Electro-Magnetic Pulse]
- H01R13/6581—Shield structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R24/00—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure
- H01R24/38—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure having concentrically or coaxially arranged contacts
- H01R24/40—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure having concentrically or coaxially arranged contacts specially adapted for high frequency
- H01R24/42—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure having concentrically or coaxially arranged contacts specially adapted for high frequency comprising impedance matching means or electrical components, e.g. filters or switches
- H01R24/44—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure having concentrically or coaxially arranged contacts specially adapted for high frequency comprising impedance matching means or electrical components, e.g. filters or switches comprising impedance matching means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
- H01R43/18—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for manufacturing bases or cases for contact members
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R24/00—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure
- H01R24/38—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure having concentrically or coaxially arranged contacts
- H01R24/40—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure having concentrically or coaxially arranged contacts specially adapted for high frequency
- H01R24/56—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure having concentrically or coaxially arranged contacts specially adapted for high frequency specially adapted to a specific shape of cables, e.g. corrugated cables, twisted pair cables, cables with two screens or hollow cables
- H01R24/568—Twisted pair cables
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrical connector for differential signal transmission, having an outer conductor contact element, a dielectric and at least one inner conductor contact element pair for differential signal transmission, according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the invention also relates to a method for producing an electrical connector for differential signal transmission, the electrical connector having an outer conductor contact element, a dielectric and at least one inner conductor contact element pair for differential signal transmission, according to the preamble of claim 14.
- a plug connector or mating plug connector can be a plug, a built-in plug, a socket, a coupling, a printed circuit board plug connector or an adapter.
- the term "connector” or “mating connector” used in the context of the invention is representative of all variants.
- connectors for high-frequency technology place high demands on the electrical properties of the connectors.
- a vehicle is operated autonomously or when assistance systems are used, large amounts of data from several cameras, various sensors and navigation sources have to be combined and transported, usually in real time.
- the operation of many devices, screens and cameras therefore requires a high-performance infrastructure in the vehicle electronics.
- the requirements for the plug-in connectors and the cable connections within a vehicle with regard to the required data rate are now very high.
- differential signal transmission also known as “symmetrical signal transmission”
- asymmetrical signal transmission also known as “asymmetrical signal transmission” or “single -ended signal transmission "known) to be preferred.
- inner conductor contact elements with a symmetrical cross-sectional profile are arranged within an outer conductor contact element with a likewise symmetrical cross-sectional profile.
- the symmetry of the connector is necessary because the electromagnetic wave is increasingly transmitted in the so-called "common mode" with increasing asymmetry and, finally, common-mode interference signals can negatively affect the signal transmission.
- the highest field line density of the electromagnetic field is between the two inner conductor contact elements, which form a common differential inner conductor contact element pair.
- the signal energy of the high-frequency electromagnetic wave is thus bundled in the area between the two inner conductor contact elements. In the best case, this means that no signal energy is lost to the outside world.
- the electromagnetic field lines of the electromagnetic wave run in a parabolic manner from the connecting line between the two inner conductor contact elements to the outside.
- electromagnetic field lines can extend to surrounding housing components, for example a motor vehicle body.
- signal energy can be lost, which affects or worsens the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of the entire system and the signal-to-noise ratio ("signal-to-noise ratio", SNR).
- the object of the present invention is to provide an electrical connector which can be advantageously suitable for differential signal transmission, in particular in high-frequency technology, and which can preferably be produced inexpensively.
- the present invention is also based on the object of providing an improved method for producing an electrical plug connector for differential signal transmission, in particular for differential signal transmission in high-frequency technology.
- the object is achieved for the electrical connector with the features listed in claim 1. With regard to the method, the object is achieved by the features of claim 14.
- An electrical connector for differential signal transmission.
- the electrical connector has at least one outer conductor contact element, at least one dielectric and at least one inner conductor contact element pair for differential signal transmission.
- the dielectric extends along a longitudinal axis through the outer conductor contact element.
- the inner conductor contact element pair comprises a first inner conductor contact element and a second inner conductor contact element, which extend along the longitudinal axis through the dielectric.
- the longitudinal axis is preferably a central axis or axis of symmetry.
- An inner conductor contact element within the scope of the invention can be designed, for example, as a pin contact or as a socket contact.
- any desired inner conductor contact elements can be provided, for example also end contacts such as flat contacts or spring contact pins (so-called pogo pins).
- the electrical connector can also have further connector components, for example an outer housing assembly, for example an outer housing assembly made of plastic, in order to accommodate an outer conductor contact element or to accommodate a plurality of outer conductor contact elements.
- an outer housing assembly for example an outer housing assembly made of plastic
- the outer conductor contact element and / or the dielectric have a compensation geometry in order to compensate for an asymmetry (e.g. an asymmetrical arrangement and / or an asymmetrical cross-sectional profile) of the inner conductor contact element pair in relation to the longitudinal axis.
- an asymmetry e.g. an asymmetrical arrangement and / or an asymmetrical cross-sectional profile
- an asymmetry of the outer conductor contact element and / or the dielectric can also be compensated for by a compensation geometry of the inner conductor contact element pair and / or the dielectric.
- the pair of inner conductor contact elements has a compensating geometry in order to avoid an asymmetry (e.g. an asymmetrical arrangement and / or an asymmetrical cross-sectional profile) of the outer conductor contact element and / or the dielectric with respect to the Compensate for the longitudinal axis.
- an asymmetry e.g. an asymmetrical arrangement and / or an asymmetrical cross-sectional profile
- An asymmetrical cross-sectional profile of the outer conductor contact element can be given, for example, by recesses (e.g. windows), spring elements (e.g. spring tabs) or latching elements (e.g. latching lugs).
- asymmetry in the context of the invention can be understood to mean an asymmetrical geometry or an asymmetrical cross-sectional profile of at least one inner conductor contact element, the outer conductor contact element and / or the dielectric.
- An “asymmetry” can, however, also be understood to mean an uneven distribution or arrangement, for example an uneven distribution or arrangement of at least one inner conductor contact element within the outer conductor contact element.
- a rotation for example a relative rotation of the inner conductor contact elements of a common inner conductor contact element pair, can also be understood as “asymmetry” within the scope of the invention.
- asymmetrical inner conductor contact elements that can be produced inexpensively can be used for differential signal transmission, although the asymmetry generally excludes the suitability of such inner conductor contact elements for high-frequency technology.
- a differential electrical plug connector can thus be equipped with cost-effective and easy-to-manufacture standard inner conductor contact elements.
- the compensation geometry can be determined by taking into account two hypothetical single-pole grounded or asymmetrical transmission systems formed on the basis of the pair of inner conductor contact elements.
- a differential transmission system for example the electrical connector for transmitting a differential signal, in which two inner conductor contact elements are fed by a differential signal, can be broken down into two single-ended transmission systems.
- a differential transmission system for example the electrical connector for transmitting a differential signal, in which two inner conductor contact elements are fed by a differential signal, can be broken down into two single-ended transmission systems.
- only a single inner conductor contact element is fed by the high-frequency signal, while the other inner conductor contact element has a floating potential or is not connected to a fixed potential, while the outer conductor contact element serves as a reference line.
- the compensation geometry is designed to match the impedance of a first (hypothetical) asymmetrical transmission system and a second (hypothetical) asymmetrical transmission system to one another.
- the first asymmetrical transmission system can only have the first inner conductor contact element for the signal line and the outer conductor contact element for the reference line.
- the second asymmetrical transmission system can exclusively have the second inner conductor contact element for the signal line and the outer conductor contact element for the reference line.
- a suitable compensation geometry can advantageously be determined or verified by calculations and / or simulations.
- the compensation geometry extends parallel to the longitudinal axis.
- the compensation geometry extends completely or only along a partial area of the asymmetry to be compensated along the longitudinal axis.
- the compensation geometry is spaced along the longitudinal axis from the asymmetry to be compensated.
- the axial area along the longitudinal axis along which the compensating geometry extends is shorter, of the same length or is longer than the axial area along the longitudinal axis along which the asymmetry extends.
- the axial region along which the compensating geometry extends can completely, partially or not overlap with the axial region along which the asymmetry extends.
- the compensation geometry can preferably extend over the entire axial path parallel to the asymmetry of the outer conductor contact element, the dielectric and / or the inner conductor contact element pair to be compensated.
- the compensation geometry can, however, also extend only along an axial section parallel to the asymmetry to be compensated.
- the compensation geometry is designed as a material recess and / or as a material additive and / or as a material deformation and / or as a material composite of different materials or materials, in particular materials with different permittivities.
- the compensation geometry is particularly preferably designed as a material recess.
- the material recess can be formed, for example, by holes, windows or other ablations in the outer conductor contact element and / or in the dielectric.
- Deformation of the material can also be advantageously suitable for forming the compensation geometry.
- a curvature or a material deformation of the outer conductor contact element that widens the cross-section can be well suited for forming a compensation geometry instead of or in addition to a material recess.
- a deformation of the material that tapers in cross section, for example of the outer conductor contact element, can also be provided to form the compensation geometry.
- a compensation geometry as a composite of different materials can be particularly suitable for compensating for the asymmetry through the dielectric.
- sections of the dielectric can be formed from different dielectric materials with different permittivities.
- the dielectric is formed from at least one solid body.
- the dielectric is preferably formed from at least one solid body, for example from a plastic.
- the dielectric can, however, also be a gas, for example air.
- the electrical connector does not have a dielectric.
- first inner conductor contact element and the second inner conductor contact element have an identical, symmetrical cross-sectional geometry.
- the inner conductor contact elements are then preferably arranged asymmetrically within the outer conductor contact element and / or within the dielectric, which can cause an asymmetry to be compensated.
- the inner conductor contact elements can, for example, be completely round.
- the inner conductor contact elements are each designed to be completely symmetrical, they can nevertheless be arranged asymmetrically within the outer conductor contact element and / or within the dielectric. The resulting, uneven spacing of the inner conductor contact elements from an inner surface of the outer conductor contact element can finally be compensated according to the invention.
- first inner conductor contact element and the second inner conductor contact element have an identical, asymmetrical cross-sectional geometry.
- Both inner conductor contact elements are preferably identical, but designed asymmetrically. In order to save costs, two identical inner conductor contact elements can thus be used for the electrical plug connector, which in this combination would basically not be suitable for differential signal transmission. Due to the inventive compensation of the asymmetry by the compensation geometry, an inner conductor contact element pair formed from two identical, asymmetrical inner conductor contact elements can nevertheless be used for differential signal transmission.
- the invention can be particularly advantageously suitable, for example, for the use of inner conductor contact elements according to the MQS standard (“Micro Quadlok System”).
- inner conductor contact elements according to the MQS standard (“Micro Quadlok System”).
- MQS Micro Quadlok System
- Such inner conductor contact elements have an asymmetrical cross-sectional profile.
- the first inner conductor contact element is arranged closer to an adjoining inner surface of the outer conductor contact element than the second inner conductor contact element. It can then be provided that the compensation geometry in the outer conductor contact element runs along the inner surface of the outer conductor contact element adjoining the first inner conductor contact element, the compensation geometry preferably being designed as a material recess and / or as a cross-section expanding material deformation.
- the impedance of the first (hypothetical) asymmetrical transmission system is more capacitive than the impedance of the second (hypothetical) asymmetrical transmission system. This can result in a one-dimensional optimization problem for determining the compensation geometry, in particular if both inner conductor contact elements have an identical and symmetrical cross section.
- a capacitive asymmetry of the first asymmetrical transmission system can be compensated with an inductively acting countermeasure or with an inductively acting compensation geometry.
- a material recess can be formed in the outer conductor contact element in the area of the first inner conductor contact element.
- a material deformation or bulge / bulge that widens the cross-section can also be provided in the outer conductor contact element in the region of the first inner conductor contact element.
- the compensation geometry in the dielectric runs between the first inner conductor contact element and the adjoining inner surface of the outer conductor contact element when the first inner conductor contact element is arranged closer to an adjoining inner surface of the outer conductor contact element than the second inner conductor contact element.
- the compensation geometry can then in particular be designed as a material recess in the dielectric.
- an inductively acting compensating geometry by forming material recesses, for example holes, in the dielectric, in particular in the area of the first inner conductor contact element arranged closer to the inner surface of the outer conductor contact element. Since the permittivity of air is smaller than the permittivity of a dielectric solid, for example a plastic forming the dielectric, the effective permittivity of the dielectric in the area of the first inner conductor contact element can finally be reduced.
- the second inner conductor contact element is further away from an adjoining inner surface of the outer conductor contact element runs away as the first inner conductor contact element. It can then be provided that the compensation geometry in the outer conductor contact element runs along the inner surface of the outer conductor contact element adjoining the second inner conductor contact element, the compensation geometry preferably being designed as a material additive and / or as a cross-section tapering material deformation.
- a cross-sectionally tapering material deformation is to be understood as meaning that the cross-section of the outer conductor contact element is reduced in the direction of the longitudinal axis.
- the outer conductor contact element can thus arch inward, in the direction of the longitudinal axis.
- a total symmetry of the electrical connector can therefore also be achieved by a capacitively acting countermeasure or compensating geometry.
- the distance between the second inner conductor contact element and the adjoining inner surface of the outer conductor contact element can be reduced, preferably by the aforementioned cross-section-tapering material deformation or a material additive within the outer conductor contact element.
- a capacitively acting compensation geometry can alternatively or additionally also be implemented in the dielectric, in that the compensation geometry is formed in the dielectric by using different materials with different permittivities.
- the permittivity in the dielectric can be increased adjacent to the second inner conductor contact element.
- the compensation geometry is designed to reduce the distance between the inner conductor contact elements of the inner conductor contact element pair.
- a reduction in the distance between the two inner conductor contact elements of a common inner conductor contact element pair can be particularly suitable for compensating for a complex asymmetry of the electrical connector.
- the field lines between the two inner conductor contact elements are more strongly bundled and thus the radiation in the direction of the outer conductor contact element is reduced. This weakens the influence of the asymmetry of the inner conductor contact elements. The differential impedance can thus become more stable, since the influence of the outer conductor contact element decreases.
- a reduction in the distance between the two inner conductor contact elements can be advantageous, for example, if both inner conductor contact elements have the same rectangular cross section and are rotated by 90 ° or another angle to one another.
- a reduction in the distance between the two inner conductor contact elements can, however, also be suitable if both inner conductor contact elements each have the same asymmetrical cross section and are not twisted with respect to one another.
- a shield element electrically connected to the outer conductor contact element extends along the longitudinal axis between at least two pairs of inner conductor contact elements.
- the shield element can be, for example, one or more metallic pins and / or spikes, in particular in the center of the connector.
- any number of pairs of inner conductor contact elements can be provided.
- the connector according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously within a vehicle, in particular within a motor vehicle.
- Possible areas of application are autonomous driving, driver assistance systems, navigation systems, "infotainment” systems, rear entertainment systems, Internet connections and wireless gigabit (IEEE 802.11ad standard).
- Possible applications relate to high-resolution cameras, for example 4K and 8K cameras, sensors, onboard computers, high-resolution screens, high-resolution dashboards, 3D navigation devices and mobile phones.
- the connector according to the invention is suitable for any applications within the entire electrical engineering sector and is not to be understood as being restricted to use in vehicle technology.
- the electrical connector is not restricted to a specific connector type, the invention being particularly suitable for connectors for high-frequency technology.
- the compensation of the asymmetry according to the invention can in particular be transferable to all differential connector types.
- the invention can for example - but not exclusively - for connectors of the type AMEC ("Automotive Modular Ethernet Connection"), MTD (“Modular Twisted-Pair Data”), H-MTD ("High Speed Modular Twisted-Pair Data”) or HSD (“High-Speed Data””) are advantageous.
- the invention also relates to a method for producing an electrical connector for differential signal transmission, the electrical connector having an outer conductor contact element, a dielectric and at least one inner conductor contact element pair for differential signal transmission.
- the dielectric extends along a longitudinal axis through the outer conductor contact element.
- the inner conductor contact element pair comprises a first inner conductor contact element and a second inner conductor contact element, which extend along the longitudinal axis through the dielectric.
- a compensation geometry is determined for the outer conductor contact element and / or for the dielectric in order to compensate for an asymmetry of the inner conductor contact element pair with respect to the longitudinal axis.
- inner conductor contact elements with an asymmetrical cross-sectional profile can be compensated for by a defined compensation geometry of the outer conductor contact element and / or the dielectric.
- a compensation geometry is determined for the inner conductor contact element pair in order to compensate for an asymmetry of the outer conductor contact element and / or the dielectric relative to the longitudinal axis.
- the compensating geometry can prevent a transition from the differential signal transmission to the "common mode" taking place during the transmission of the electromagnetic wave.
- the compensating geometry according to the invention can thus achieve an improved electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and an improved signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
- a differential signal transmission in particular for high-frequency technology, can advantageously be ensured despite the use of asymmetrical structures.
- the construction or the production of the electrical plug connector can be simplified and thus more cost-effective.
- the compensation geometry is determined in that the impedance of a first (hypothetical) asymmetrical transmission system is matched to the impedance of a second (hypothetical) asymmetrical transmission system.
- first asymmetrical transmission system only the first inner conductor contact element for the signal line and the outer conductor contact element for the reference line can be defined.
- second asymmetrical transmission system only the second inner conductor contact element for the signal line and the outer conductor contact element for the reference line can be defined.
- the compensation geometry is determined by iterative simulations in order to minimize a direct component in the differential signal transmission.
- the size of the area or the angular segment of the inner conductor contact element to the outer conductor contact element can also be taken into account.
- the determining equation for the capacitance of a plate capacitor can be used approximately to optimize or determine the compensation geometry.
- an inner conductor contact element with a larger surface area or angle range and with a smaller distance from the respectively adjoining inner surface of the outer conductor contact element has a higher capacitive impedance of the associated (hypothetical) asymmetrical transmission system.
- a capacitively acting geometry of the first asymmetrical transmission system can be compensated by an inductively acting compensating geometry of the first asymmetrical transmission system.
- a correspondingly inductively acting compensating geometry can be implemented, for example, by forming a material recess in the outer conductor contact element.
- an inductively acting compensating geometry can be implemented through holes in the dielectric.
- a capacitively acting geometry of the first asymmetrical transmission system can alternatively or additionally by a capacitively acting compensating geometry in the second asymmetrical transmission system can be compensated.
- a corresponding compensation geometry can be formed, for example, by reducing the distance between the second inner conductor contact element and the inner surface of the outer conductor contact element adjacent to the second inner conductor contact element by a material tapering or indentation of the outer conductor contact element or a further material layer within the outer conductor contact element.
- a capacitively acting countermeasure can be implemented in the second asymmetrical transmission system by using sections of different permittivity in the dielectric.
- the values and parameters described here have deviations or fluctuations of ⁇ 10% or less, preferably ⁇ 5% or less, more preferably ⁇ 1% or less, and very particularly preferably ⁇ 0.1% or less of the respectively named Include value or parameter, provided that these deviations are not excluded when implementing the invention in practice.
- the indication of ranges by starting and ending values also includes all those values and fractions that depend on the respectively named Range are included, in particular the start and end values and a respective mean value.
- Figure 1 shows an assembled electrical cable 1 according to the prior art, equipped with several connector components of an electrical connector.
- the cable 1 is provided with an outer conductor contact element 2, a dielectric 3 and an inner conductor contact element pair 4 (cf. Fig. 3 ) equipped for differential signal transmission.
- Said connector components 2, 3, 4 are part of one in the Figures 1 to 3 not shown, differential electrical connector.
- Figure 2 shows the connector components 2, 3, 4 in a longitudinal section and Figure 3 in a cross section.
- the dielectric 3 extends along a longitudinal axis L through the outer conductor contact element 2.
- the inner conductor contact element pair 4 comprises a first inner conductor contact element 5 and a second inner conductor contact element 6, which extend along the longitudinal axis L through the dielectric 3.
- the connector components 2, 3, 4 are only highly schematized in all figures and indicated by way of example. Insofar as a subsequent exemplary embodiment of the invention is described without a dielectric 3 (or at least without a dielectric 3 formed from a solid), this is not to be understood as restrictive. In principle, a dielectric 3 or a dielectric 3 formed from a solid body may or may not be provided for each exemplary embodiment.
- the inner conductor contact elements 5, 6 of a common inner conductor contact element pair 4 are symmetrical and identical and are evenly distributed within the outer conductor contact element 2 or the dielectric 3 are. This is intended to ensure that electrical signal transmission takes place completely in "differential mode".
- an asymmetry of a connector component 2, 3, 4 is compensated for by a suitable compensation geometry 8, 9, 11, 12 in the same or in another connector component 2, 3, 4.
- the outer conductor contact element 2 and / or the dielectric 3 has a compensation geometry 8, 9, 11, 12 in order to compensate for an asymmetry of the inner conductor contact element pair 4 with respect to the longitudinal axis L.
- the pair of inner conductor contact elements 4 has a compensating geometry 8, 9, 11, 12 in order to compensate for an asymmetry of the outer conductor contact element 2 and / or the dielectric 3 with respect to the longitudinal axis L.
- the Figures 4 to 27 show advantageous exemplary embodiments or exemplary compensation geometries 8, 9, 11, 12.
- the features of the exemplary embodiments shown can also be combined with one another.
- many other compensation geometries are also possible for compensating for any desired symmetries of any desired connector components 2, 3, 4.
- the exemplary embodiments are only intended to illustrate some advantageous measures for producing the symmetry of an electrical plug connector by means of one or more compensating geometries according to the invention.
- Figures 4 to 6 show a first embodiment of the invention.
- no dielectric 3 is present or only a gaseous dielectric (usually air) is present.
- a dielectric 3 composed of at least one solid body can also be provided, for example in FIG Figures 1 to 3 or the Figures 10 to 12 shown.
- the inner conductor contact elements 5, 6 of the inner conductor contact element pair 4 are each designed differently and asymmetrically and rotated relative to one another in the first exemplary embodiment. Due to the asymmetrical cross-sectional geometry of the inner conductor contact elements 5, 6 and their relative rotation to one another, the second inner conductor contact element 6 offers an adjacent inner surface 7 of the outer conductor contact element 2 in the area of a central axial section along the longitudinal axis L a larger, more capacitively acting surface than the first inner conductor contact element 5 a compensation geometry is provided in the outer conductor contact element 2 as a material recess 8.
- the outer conductor contact element 2 has a corresponding window parallel to the longitudinal axis L and along the axial extent of the asymmetry of the inner conductor contact elements 5, 6.
- the impedances of a first (hypothetical) asymmetrical transmission system and a second (hypothetical) asymmetrical transmission system can be matched to one another.
- the first asymmetrical transmission system can be defined as a transmission system in which only the first inner conductor contact element 5 is used for the signal line and the outer conductor contact element 2 is used for the reference line.
- the second asymmetrical transmission system can be defined as a transmission system in which only the second inner conductor contact element 6 is used for the signal line and the outer conductor contact element 2 is used for the reference line.
- the Figures 7 to 9 show a second embodiment of the invention.
- the first inner conductor contact element 5 and the second inner conductor contact element 6 have an identical, symmetrical cross-sectional geometry.
- the inner conductor contact element pair 4 of Figures 7 to 9 is, however, offset within the outer conductor contact element 2 to the axis of symmetry of the outer conductor contact element 2 in such a way that the first inner conductor contact element 5 is arranged closer to the inner surface 7 of the outer conductor contact element 2 than the second inner conductor contact element 6.
- the first hypothetical asymmetrical transmission system is therefore more capacitive than the second hypothetical asymmetrical transmission system .
- the compensation geometry is determined in such a way that the impedances of the two transmission systems are matched to one another.
- the compensation geometry runs in the outer conductor contact element 2 adjacent to the first inner conductor contact element 5 and is similar to that in FIG Figures 4 to 6 , designed as a material recess 8.
- a cross-section-widening material deformation 9 of the outer conductor contact element 2 can also be provided (dashed lines in Fig. 9 indicated).
- no dielectric 3 or no dielectric 3 formed from a solid is provided.
- a compensating geometry can also be formed in the dielectric 3, the dielectric 3, for example, having a material recess 8 between the first inner conductor contact element 5 and the inner surface 7 of the outer conductor contact element 2.
- a third embodiment of the invention is shown.
- the inner conductor contact elements 5, 6, in turn, are different, configured asymmetrically and with respect to one another twisted.
- a dielectric 3 formed from a solid body is also provided.
- the compensation geometry is formed in the dielectric 3 by suitable material recesses 8 or by two longitudinal slots / grooves.
- a compensation geometry in the outer conductor contact element 2 can thus be omitted.
- a compensation geometry can also be provided in the outer conductor contact element 2.
- FIGS Figures 13 to 15 show an inner conductor contact element pair 4 in which the first inner conductor contact element 5 and the second inner conductor contact element 6 have an identical but asymmetrical cross-sectional geometry.
- This variant is to form an electrical connector according to the invention (for example the one in the following Fig. 27 connector 10) shown particularly preferred.
- the outer conductor contact element 2 has different compensation geometries along the longitudinal axis L, each of which is designed as a material recess 8.
- a cross-section-widening material deformation 9 can also be provided, as in FIG Fig. 9 indicated.
- the asymmetry is compensated, for example, by the four material recesses 8 in the outer conductor contact element 2 in the area of the asymmetry of the inner conductor contact elements 5, 6.
- the axial length of the material recesses 8 is different on both sides of the outer conductor contact element 2.
- the Figures 16 to 18 show a fifth embodiment of the invention, one being the embodiment of FIG Figures 4 to 6 comparable configurations of the inner conductor contact elements 5, 6 are provided.
- a capacitively acting compensation geometry adjacent to the more capacitively acting inner conductor contact element
- the corresponding compensating geometry can run in the outer conductor contact element 2 along the inner surface 7 of the outer conductor contact element 2 adjoining the second inner conductor contact element 6 and be designed as a cross-sectionally tapering material deformation 11.
- the Figures 19 to 21 show a sixth embodiment of the invention.
- a compensating geometry can also be implemented by a composite of different materials.
- the dielectric 3 is designed as a composite of two materials 3.1, 3.2, each with a different permittivity.
- FIGS Figures 22 to 24 Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS Figures 22 to 24 shown. Based on Figures 22 to 24 should be made clear that a compensation geometry for a configuration of an inner conductor contact element pair in the manner as already in the Figures 16 to 18 shown by a material additive 12, that is, for example, a further metal layer within the outer conductor contact element 2, can be realized.
- a material additive 12 that is, for example, a further metal layer within the outer conductor contact element 2
- FIGS. 25 and 26 show an outer conductor contact element 2 and two inner conductor contact element pairs 4 for a further electrical connector.
- the arrangement of the two inner conductor contact element pairs 4 corresponds to a so-called star quad.
- a connector according to the invention can basically have exactly one inner conductor contact element pair 4, as in FIG Figures 1 to 24 and in Fig. 27 shown. In principle, however, any number of inner conductor contact element pairs 4 can be provided. For example, two, three, four or even more pairs of inner conductor contact elements 4 can be provided.
- the inner conductor contact elements 5, 6 shown are each identical, but formed asymmetrically, and are arranged distributed around the longitudinal axis L or around the axis of symmetry of the outer conductor contact element 2.
- the outer conductor contact element 2 has a suitable compensation geometry (material recesses 8 and material additive 12 in order to ensure overall symmetrical operation.
- a material additive 12 can also be formed in one piece in the outer conductor contact element 2.
- a shielding element that is galvanically connected to the outer conductor contact element 2 can run along the longitudinal axis L (not shown).
- Fig. 27 shows an electrical connector 10 with an outer conductor contact element 2, a dielectric 3 and an inner conductor contact element pair 4 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention in a cross section.
- the connector components 2, 3, 4 can also be referred to as electrical connectors per se within the scope of the invention.
- the electrical connector 10 has Fig. 27 a single pair of inner conductor contact elements 4. As already stated, however, a plurality of inner conductor contact element pairs 4 can also be provided.
- the in Fig. 27 The connector 10 shown, the inner conductor contact elements 5, 6 of the common inner conductor contact element pair 4 are each identical, but asymmetrical.
- the electrical plug connector 10 shown can be advantageously suitable for use in high-frequency technology solely through the compensating geometry according to the invention.
- the dielectric 3 and the outer conductor contact element 2 have, for example, corresponding compensation geometries (material recesses 8 and material additions 12) in order to ensure overall symmetrical signal transmission through the electrical connector 10.
- FIG Fig. 28 An exemplary process sequence for an iterative simulation or for an iterative determination of a compensation geometry 8, 9, 11, 12 is shown in FIG Fig. 28 shown.
- a first method step S1 the impedance of the first (hypothetical) asymmetrical transmission system can be determined, which uses the first inner conductor contact element 5 for signal transmission and the outer conductor contact element 2 for reference transmission, while the second inner conductor contact element 6 is not assigned a fixed potential and thus has a floating potential.
- a second (hypothetical) asymmetrical transmission system can be determined, which uses the second inner conductor contact element 6 for the signal line and the outer conductor contact element 2 for the reference line, while the first inner conductor contact element 5 is not assigned a fixed potential and thus has a floating potential.
- a compensation geometry 8, 9, 11, 12 in the outer conductor contact element 2, in the dielectric 3 and / or in the inner conductor contact element pair 4 can be determined and / or modified with the aim of matching the impedances of the two asymmetrical transmission systems.
- the method steps S1, S2, S3 can then be repeated or the impedances of the asymmetrical transmission systems can be redetermined and the compensation geometry (s) 8, 9, 11, 12 can be further modified if necessary.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20160092.1A EP3872937B1 (fr) | 2020-02-28 | 2020-02-28 | Connecteur enfichable électrique et procédé de fabrication d'un connecteur enfichable électrique |
US17/176,556 US11545789B2 (en) | 2020-02-28 | 2021-02-16 | Electrical plug-in connector and method for producing an electrical plug-in connector |
CN202110221012.7A CN113328278A (zh) | 2020-02-28 | 2021-02-26 | 电插入式连接器和用于制造电插入式连接器的方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP20160092.1A EP3872937B1 (fr) | 2020-02-28 | 2020-02-28 | Connecteur enfichable électrique et procédé de fabrication d'un connecteur enfichable électrique |
Publications (2)
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EP3872937A1 true EP3872937A1 (fr) | 2021-09-01 |
EP3872937B1 EP3872937B1 (fr) | 2022-02-23 |
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EP20160092.1A Active EP3872937B1 (fr) | 2020-02-28 | 2020-02-28 | Connecteur enfichable électrique et procédé de fabrication d'un connecteur enfichable électrique |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US11545789B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3872937B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN113328278A (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP4250498A1 (fr) * | 2022-03-23 | 2023-09-27 | Yamaichi Electronics Deutschland GmbH | Élément de contact, système d'élément de contact et connecteur enfichable |
Citations (4)
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US20150162113A1 (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2015-06-11 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Differential signal cable and production method therefor |
US20190058268A1 (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2019-02-21 | Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Connector arrangement |
US20190267727A1 (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2019-08-29 | Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Connector arrangement |
US20190393651A1 (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2019-12-26 | Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Electrical connector assembly |
Family Cites Families (8)
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DE102012015581A1 (de) * | 2012-08-07 | 2014-02-13 | Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Steckverbinder |
US9306312B2 (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2016-04-05 | Carlisle Interconnect Technologies, Inc. | High density sealed electrical connector with multiple shielding strain relief devices |
DE202013006297U1 (de) * | 2013-07-11 | 2013-07-25 | Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Steckverbinder |
DE202015000751U1 (de) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-03-06 | Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Steckverbinderanordnung mit Kompensationscrimp |
DE202015000753U1 (de) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-02-16 | Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Steckverbinderanordnung mit Hülsenteil |
EP3121909B1 (fr) * | 2015-07-21 | 2018-09-19 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Connecteur électrique à impédance réglée |
JP6988446B2 (ja) * | 2017-12-21 | 2022-01-05 | 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 | コネクタ |
DE102018102564A1 (de) * | 2018-02-06 | 2019-08-08 | Te Connectivity Germany Gmbh | Elektrische Ferrule, elektrische Verbindungseinrichtung, sowie Verfahren zum Konfektionieren eines elektrischen Kabels |
-
2020
- 2020-02-28 EP EP20160092.1A patent/EP3872937B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-02-16 US US17/176,556 patent/US11545789B2/en active Active
- 2021-02-26 CN CN202110221012.7A patent/CN113328278A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20150162113A1 (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2015-06-11 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Differential signal cable and production method therefor |
US20190393651A1 (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2019-12-26 | Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Electrical connector assembly |
US20190058268A1 (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2019-02-21 | Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Connector arrangement |
US20190267727A1 (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2019-08-29 | Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Connector arrangement |
Cited By (1)
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EP4250498A1 (fr) * | 2022-03-23 | 2023-09-27 | Yamaichi Electronics Deutschland GmbH | Élément de contact, système d'élément de contact et connecteur enfichable |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20210273380A1 (en) | 2021-09-02 |
EP3872937B1 (fr) | 2022-02-23 |
US11545789B2 (en) | 2023-01-03 |
CN113328278A (zh) | 2021-08-31 |
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