EP3867139B1 - Floating body comprising at least one element made of foam glass and at least one one-piece or multi-piece support structure - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a buoyant body which comprises at least one foam glass element.

Foam glass is a closed-cell insulation material that is factory-foamed from silicate glass by adding blowing agents. The starting material for the production of foam glass is usually quartz sand, which is melted into glass with special additives (calcium carbonate, feldspar, iron oxide, etc.). This is cooled, crushed and ground into powder. Carbon is mixed into this powder in a very finely divided form. When heated in ovens above 1000°C, the carbon oxidizes to form gas bubbles, which trigger the foaming process. During production, small amounts of hydrogen sulfide are formed from the sulfur content in the carbon that remains in the cells. The production of foam glass takes place in molds into blocks that are cut to the desired thickness. It is known to be used as an insulating material according to DIN EN 13167:2001-10 for thermal insulation materials for buildings - factory-made products made of foam glass (CG) - specification; German version EN 13167:2001.

It is known that foam glass has high compressive strength and does not absorb water. The material is dimensionally stable, pest-proof and frost-resistant according to DIN 52104. Furthermore, foam glass is resistant to rodents and insects, rot-resistant, rot-resistant, aging-resistant and non-flammable. The material has good resistance to acids with the exception of hydrofluoric acid, is resistant to chemicals, especially to all organic solvents and is partially resistant to alkalis.

From the publication DE 10 2008 017 897 A1 It is known to produce shaped stones from foam glass. The shaped blocks can be designed, for example, in a tongue and groove design, as well as in other various plug connection designs, or in a design with additional connecting elements. In addition, the shaped blocks can take over the exact positioning of the necessary reinforcement within the shaped block, and can have fixing aids such as slots or blocks. Furthermore, the shaped blocks can be designed in such a way that the installation of add-on parts is easy.

From the publication DE10 2011 100 627 A1 For example, it is known to form a floating platform made of concrete, the cavities enclosed by concrete parts and concrete layers being at least partially filled with a buoyancy mass and the concrete layers extending over a large part of the platform, the platform being created in a simple manner specifically for the platform Muldendock is manufactured and is therefore not dependent on existing and therefore expensive dock and shipyard facilities. The floating platform made of concrete is characterized in that foam parts or other buoyancy bodies are inserted into the chambers located in the area of the walls, these buoyancy bodies ensuring the necessary buoyancy of the platform. Bellows, air-filled hoses, elastic containers, foam glass, foamed waste glass, hollow spheres as a fill and polystyrene waste as well as plates with air chambers are disclosed as buoyancy bodies with a solid, flexible or elastic shell. It is explained that the bodies that generate the buoyancy in the finished platform are completely enclosed by concrete and are therefore protected from the aggressive environment containing salt water.

The printed publications are also considered to be state of the art DE 10 2007 063514 A1 , WO 2014/026265 A1 and EP 1 849 917 A2 called.

Based on the prior art, the invention is based on the object of creating a simply constructed, variable-use and inexpensive floating body.

The starting point of the invention is a buoyant body which comprises at least one foam glass element, wherein in/or on the at least one foam glass element at least one supporting structure is arranged, which comprises at least one supporting element, wherein the at least one foam glass element and the at least one supporting structure form the buoyant body in the assembled state .

According to the invention, it is provided that the at least one supporting structure is designed in one piece or in several parts and, in its assembled state, is arranged in an integrated manner in a predetermined number of foam glass elements having cavities, the foam glass element being formed in several parts from a predeterminable number of plates, which are arranged in layers (Sn) together as Sandwich connected and glued together to form the buoyant body.

A combination of a supporting structure with a foam glass element advantageously forms a floating body that can be used in many different ways, the foam glass element of which is supported by the arrangement of a supporting structure enables load absorption in the body being assembled.

It is preferably provided that the supporting structure is a geometrically predeterminable frame element, which is formed from supporting elements lying in at least one plane.

According to the invention, the supporting structure can also be a geometrically predeterminable frame element, the supporting elements of which do not lie in one plane, and therefore lie in several planes, so that it is clear that there are a variety of possibilities for designing the supporting structure, which cannot be fully mentioned or described below.

In one embodiment, it is preferably provided that the supporting structure not only has the supporting elements, but that at least one end element extends from the frame element in at least one spatial direction, whereby the spatial direction of the respective end element differs from the spatial direction of the supporting element or continues in the respective spatial direction, therefore represents an extension of the support element. This advantageously creates multi-dimensional nodes, the advantages of which are explained in the description. To name just one advantage, connecting elements, in particular flange plates or other suitable connecting elements, are arranged on the preferably multi-dimensionally arranged end elements which form the node points, whereby the floating body according to the invention can advantageously be connected to other floating bodies in several directions, i.e. multi-dimensionally

It is therefore preferably provided that the at least one end element extends from at least one node, which is formed by the support elements lying in at least one plane. The at least one connecting element for connecting another buoyant body, in particular the flange plate or similar comparable elements, is preferably arranged on at least one end element.

In a preferred embodiment, in a "one-piece" embodiment variant, it is provided that the supporting structure is arranged in one piece and integrated in a predetermined number of foam glass elements, as is explained in more detail in the description.

In a preferred embodiment, another "multi-part" embodiment variant provides for the supporting structure to be in several parts and its assembled state in one predetermined number of foam glass elements is arranged integrated, as is explained in more detail in the description.

The buoyant body, the supporting structure of which is designed in several parts, is characterized according to the invention in that the first part comprises the frame element lying in at least one plane with the support elements and associated end elements, which has orthogonal to the at least one Z-beam extending from the support elements.

On the at least one outgoing Z-beam, further parts of the multi-part supporting structure are arranged on both sides of the at least one Z-beam of the frame element, which are positively and non-positively connected to the at least one Z-beam in an assembled state.

Preferably, all parts of the multi-part supporting structure are arranged in an integrated manner in adjacent foam glass elements, with the frame element with the supporting elements and the associated end elements as well as the at least one Z-beam extending from the supporting elements being identical, the length of the at least one from which the Z-beam being Carrier of the frame element outgoing end element, varies depending on a layer thickness of the foam glass elements formed in layers.

When integrating the multi-part supporting structure into three adjacent foam glass elements, a first identical part is arranged as a frame element between two adjacent foam glass elements, while the other parts, in particular the end elements extending from the respective Z-beams of the frame element, are arranged in the edge-side foam glass elements, the length of which is in Depending on the layer thickness of the foam glass elements formed in layers varies.

When integrating the multi-part supporting structure with an odd number of connecting surfaces of several adjacent foam glass elements between two adjacent edge-side foam glass elements, a first identical part is preferably arranged as frame elements. The other parts, in particular the parts that are arranged as end elements in the edge-side foam glass elements extending from the at least one Z-beam of the frame element, vary in terms of their length depending on the layer thickness of the foam glass elements formed in layers. The supporting structure is then at least one Z-connection carrier assigned to connect the internal non-edge foam glass elements are arranged positively and non-positively on both sides between the Z-beams.

• zwischen dem mindestens einen Z-Träger des ersten Teils und den im Zusammenbauzustand an dem mindestens einen Z-Träger angeordneten Endelementen gebildet, indem

die Endelemente in den oder die jeweiligen Z-Träger eingreifen, wobei der Z-Träger und die Endelemente als Hohlprofile ausgebildet sind, sodass eine die Hohlprofile durchgreifende Verbindungsanordnung ein kraftschlüssige Verbindung der Teile bewirkt.The respective positive connection is in one design variant

• formed between the at least one Z-beam of the first part and the end elements arranged on the at least one Z-beam in the assembled state, by

the end elements engage in the respective Z-beam or beams, the Z-beam and the end elements being designed as hollow profiles, so that a connection arrangement penetrating the hollow profiles brings about a non-positive connection of the parts.

• zwischen dem mindestens einen Z-Träger des ersten Teils und den im Zusammenbauzustand an dem mindestens einen Z-Träger angeordneten Endelementen und
• an dem mindestens einen zwischen den Z-Trägern angeordneten Verbindungsträger gebildet, indem

die Endelemente und der mindestens eine Z-Verbindungsträger in die jeweiligen Z-Träger eingreifen, wobei der Z-Träger und die Endelemente sowie der Z-Verbindungsträger als Hohlprofile ausgebildet sind, sodass eine die Hohlprofile durchgreifende Verbindungsanordnung ein kraftschlüssige Verbindung der Teile bewirkt.The positive connection in each case is in a different design variant

• between the at least one Z-beam of the first part and the end elements arranged on the at least one Z-beam in the assembled state and
• formed on the at least one connecting beam arranged between the Z-beams

the end elements and the at least one Z-connection carrier engage in the respective Z-carrier, the Z-carrier and the end elements as well as the Z-connection carrier being designed as hollow profiles, so that a connection arrangement that passes through the hollow profiles effects a non-positive connection of the parts.

It is envisaged that the buoyant body has at least one foam glass element which is made up of several parts. In the case of geometrically complex structures, it is advantageously provided that the foam glass elements are designed in several parts, whereby the assembly, that is to say the arrangement of the at least one foam glass element on the structure, is simplified or even made possible.

The foam glass element is a multi-part foam glass element with a predeterminable plate width and length as well as a predeterminable plate thickness.

It is envisaged that the floating body is/are formed from at least one multi-part foam glass element or several multi-part foam glass elements are connected to each other, with the at least one supporting structure being arranged in/or on the at least one foam glass element.

It is envisaged that the several multi-part foam glass elements are connected to one another in layers as a sandwich by gluing, with an adhesive, in particular a bitumen adhesive, preferably being used, which advantageously ensures that the foam glass elements are connected to one another securely and watertight. In addition, the chemical properties of the types of bitumen hot-melt adhesives that can be used match the chemical properties of the foam glass elements, so that a very good, durable connection is achieved without the foam glass material in particular being attacked by the bitumen adhesive.

In a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that at least between two foam glass elements, the several multi-part foam glass elements (a one-piece or multi-part intermediate layer which further stabilizes the floating body - in addition to the arranged supporting structure - is arranged, the several multi-part foam glass elements being arranged with at least one between two foam glass elements Intermediate layer is provided and connected to each other as a sandwich with at least one intermediate layer and are glued as explained above. Preferably, the intermediate layer is a carbon layer, a plastic or a metal layer, which can also be glued to at least one of the foam glass elements with the advantages mentioned .

• insbesondere Durchgangsöffnungen, deren Innenkontur mit der Außenkontur des mindestens einen Tragelementes des Tragwerkes und/oder des mindestens ein Endelementes des Tragwerkes und/oder des mindestens einen Z-Trägers und/oder des mindestens einen Z-Verbindungsträgers korrespondiert und/oder
• Ausnehmungen aufweisen, deren Innenkontur mit der Außenkontur des mindestens einen Tragelementes des Tragwerkes und/oder des mindestens einem Endelementes des Tragwerkes korrespondiert, angeordnet ist/sind.

In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the at least one multi-part foam glass element or the several multi-part foam glass elements has/have cavities for integrating the at least one support element of the supporting structure, wherein

• in particular through openings, the inner contour of which corresponds to the outer contour of the at least one supporting element of the supporting structure and/or the at least one end element of the supporting structure and/or the at least one Z-beam and/or the at least one Z-connecting beam and/or
• Have recesses whose inner contour corresponds to the outer contour of the at least one support element of the structure and / or the at least one end element of the structure is / are arranged.

These preferred embodiments are explained in detail in the description. They advantageously serve to integrate the supporting structure into the at least one foam glass element.

It is further preferred that the at least one multi-part foam glass element or the several multi-part foam glass elements have at least one recess for exposing the at least one support element of the structure, in particular the at least one end element of the at least one connecting element, in an advantageous manner to create assembly accessibility for connecting the floating bodies to one another has, as is also explained in more detail in the description.

In a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the at least one foam glass element and the at least one supporting structure have a coating in the assembled state, the coating being in particular a water-impermeable polyurea or polyurethane coating, which seals the buoyant body as a whole. In preferred embodiments, polyurethane-based coatings can also be used.

In addition, in one embodiment it is provided that the at least one foam glass element and/or the at least one supporting structure comprises cavities which can be filled with a filling material after assembly, whereby the buoyant body is trimmed with regard to its center of gravity and/or the buoyancy of the buoyant body can be adjusted. It is also planned to connect individual floating bodies with air gaps, depending on how the required load capacity relates to the space required. In other words, the supporting structure can have connection options both laterally (x/y direction) and towards (z direction), (such as flanges) to which additional ballast bodies (such as reinforced concrete molded parts or the like) can be attached can.

Preferred uses of the at least one floating body, which comprises at least one foam glass element, with at least one supporting structure being arranged in/or on the at least one foam glass element, which form the buoyant body in the assembled state, are floating pontoons, which consist of several interconnected floating bodies, which act as floating ones platforms serve. Floating jetties, floating breakwaters, floating bridges, floating road construction platforms, floating party platforms, floating work platforms, floating foundations for buildings, floating structures for greening streets can thus be advantageously formed.

The invention is explained below with reference to the associated drawings.

The Figures 1A to 2C show floating bodies 100.n, 100`n with a one-piece supporting structure 200.n, 200'n according to a first embodiment:

Figur 1A

einen Schwimmkörper vom Typ A in einer möglichen Ausführungsvariante in einer perspektivischen Ansicht

Figur 1B

ein Tragwerk als statischer Kern eines Schwimmkörpers vom Typ A gemäß Figur 1A in einer möglichen Ausführungsvariante in einer perspektivischen Ansicht;

Figur 1B'

Ebenen in kartesischen Koordinatensystem;

Figur 1C

der Schwimmkörper vom Typ A gemäß Figur 1A in einer Art Explosionsdarstellung der oberen Schichten in einer perspektivischen Darstellung;

Figur 1C

der Schwimmkörper vom Typ A gemäß Figur 1A in einer Art Explosionsdarstellung der unteren Schichten in einer perspektivischen Darstellung;

Figur 2A

einen Schwimmkörper vom Typ B in einer möglichen Ausführungsvariante in einer perspektivischen Ansicht;

Figur 2B

ein Tragwerk als statischer Kern eines Schwimmkörpers vom Typ B gemäß Figur 2A in einer möglichen Ausführungsvariante in einer perspektivischen Ansicht;

Figur 2C

der Schwimmkörper vom Typ B gemäß Figur 2A in einer Art Explosionsdarstellung der äußeren Schichten in einer perspektivischen Darstellung;

Figur 2D

der Schwimmkörper vom Typ B gemäß Figur 2A in einer Art Explosionsdarstellung der inneren Schichten in einer perspektivischen Darstellung;

Figur 3

ein Schwimmponton in einer perspektivischen Ansicht in einer möglichen Ausgestaltungsvariante mit Schwimmkörpern vom Typ A in der Ausführungsvariante gemäß den Figuren Figur 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D und Schwimmkörpern vom Typ B in der Ausführungsvariante gemäß den Figuren 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D.

Show it:

Figure 1A

a type A floating body in a possible design variant in a perspective view

Figure 1B

a supporting structure as the static core of a type A floating body Figure 1A in a possible embodiment variant in a perspective view;

Figure 1B'

Planes in Cartesian coordinate system;

Figure 1C

the type A float according to Figure 1A in a kind of exploded view of the upper layers in a perspective view;

Figure 1C

the type A float according to Figure 1A in a kind of exploded view of the lower layers in a perspective view;

Figure 2A

a type B floating body in a possible embodiment variant in a perspective view;

Figure 2B

a supporting structure as the static core of a type B floating body Figure 2A in a possible embodiment variant in a perspective view;

Figure 2C

the type B float according to Figure 2A in a kind of exploded view of the outer layers in a perspective view;

Figure 2D

the type B float according to Figure 2A in a kind of exploded view of the inner layers in a perspective view;

Figure 3

a floating pontoon in a perspective view in a possible design variant with type A floating bodies in the design variant according to the figures Figure 1A , 1B , 1C , 1D and floating bodies of type B in the design variant according to Figures 2A , 2B, 2C, 2D .

The Figures 4A to 7C show floating bodies 100.n, (100'.n analog) with a multi-part supporting structure 200.n, (200'n analog) according to a second embodiment:

Figur 4A

einen Schnitt A-A durch einen Schwimmkörper vom Typ A in einer möglichen Ausführungsvariante mit zwei Schaumglaselementen;

Figur 4B

eine Explosionsdarstellung des Schwimmkörpers gemäß Figur 4A;

Figur 4C

eine perspektivische Darstellung des Schwimmkörpers vom Typ A mit zwei Schaumglaselementen gemäß den Figuren 4A und 4B;

Figur 5A

einen Schnitt A-A durch einen Schwimmkörper vom Typ A in einer möglichen Ausführungsvariante mit zwei Schaumglaselementen unterschiedlicher Schichtdicke;

Figur 5B

eine Explosionsdarstellung des Schwimmkörpers gemäß Figur 5A;

Figur 5C

eine perspektivische Darstellung des Schwimmkörpers vom Typ A mit zwei Schaumglaselementen unterschiedlicher Schichtdicke gemäß den Figuren 5A und 5B;

Figur 6A

einen Schnitt A-A durch einen Schwimmkörper vom Typ A in einer möglichen Ausführungsvariante mit drei Schaumglaselementen;

Figur 6B

eine Explosionsdarstellung des Schwimmkörpers gemäß Figur 6A;

Figur 6C

eine perspektivische Darstellung des Schwimmkörpers vom Typ A mit drei Schaumglaselementen gemäß den Figuren 6A und 6B;

Figur 7A

ein Schnitt A-A durch einen Schwimmkörper vom Typ A in einer möglichen Ausführungsvariante mit vier Schaumglaselementen;

Figur 7B

eine Explosionsdarstellung des Schwimmkörpers gemäß Figur 7A;

Figur 7C

eine perspektivische Darstellung des Schwimmkörpers vom Typ A mit vier Schaumglaselementen gemäß den Figuren 7A und 7B.

Show it:

Figure 4A

a section AA through a type A floating body in a possible embodiment variant with two foam glass elements;

Figure 4B

an exploded view of the floating body according to Figure 4A ;

Figure 4C

a perspective view of the type A floating body with two foam glass elements according to Figures 4A and 4B ;

Figure 5A

a section AA through a type A floating body in a possible embodiment variant with two foam glass elements of different layer thicknesses;

Figure 5B

an exploded view of the floating body according to Figure 5A ;

Figure 5C

a perspective view of the type A floating body with two foam glass elements of different layer thicknesses according to Figures 5A and 5B ;

Figure 6A

a section AA through a type A floating body in a possible embodiment variant with three foam glass elements;

Figure 6B

an exploded view of the floating body according to Figure 6A ;

Figure 6C

a perspective view of the type A floating body with three foam glass elements according to Figures 6A and 6B ;

Figure 7A

a section AA through a type A floating body in a possible design variant with four foam glass elements;

Figure 7B

an exploded view of the floating body according to Figure 7A ;

Figure 7C

a perspective view of the type A floating body with four foam glass elements according to Figures 7A and 7B .

For the purpose of describing the exemplary embodiment, a horizontal direction of a floating body should be denoted by “x”. “y” denotes the direction of the foam body in the horizontal orthogonal to the x-direction, and “z” denotes the direction in the vertical (bottom/top) of the foam body orthogonal to the x-direction. Within all figures, the same reference numerals are used for the same components, although not all of the components already presented will be explained again in each figure using the reference numerals.

The Figure 1A shows a floating body 100.n in a possible embodiment variant in a perspective view, which is designated by the reference number 100.1. This exemplary floating body 100.1 is also referred to below as type A.

A first associated supporting structure 200.1 is in Figure 1B shown. In the selected embodiment variant, according to the invention, a type A supporting structure 200.1 is arranged inside the first floating body 100.1. The first structure 200.1 represents an embodiment variant of several possible types of structures 200.n.

The supporting structure 200.1 is thus arranged integrated into the floating body 100.1 and, according to the invention, forms a static core within the floating body 100.1.

This in Figure 1B The supporting structure 200.1 shown is referred to as a supporting structure because it supports and stabilizes the body of the floating body 100.1.

In principle, the floating body 100.n has the at least one supporting structure 200.1 and at least one body formed from foam glass, in particular floating body 100.n, in which the at least one supporting structure 200.n is arranged integrated.

In Figure 1A the floating body 100.1 of type A has, for example, seven plates P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, which are arranged one above the other as seen in the z direction and form the floating body 100.1, which therefore has seven layers S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7.

The selected embodiment variant makes it clear that the floating body 100.1 can have a predeterminable number n of layers Sn (at least one layer Sn, n = 1), which are formed by a certain number n of plate-like foam glass elements Pn (hereinafter also referred to as plates) (at least a plate n = 1) are formed.

According to the invention, the plates Pn are made of foam glass.

So far, foam glass elements have been used as insulation material in the construction industry. In addition, foundation panels were insulated with foam glass elements, which are also known for use as facade insulation panels.

The idea according to the invention is to use the foam glass elements Pn in a predeterminable symmetrical shape as buoyancy bodies, in particular floating bodies 100.n.

Foam glass is a recycled product and is therefore very environmentally friendly. The foam glass advantageously does not absorb water, does not rot, is acid-resistant, frost-resistant, seawater-resistant and non-flammable. Foam glass insulates against heat and cold and is particularly easy to work with and can take on any geometric shape.

Foam glass is also easy to repair and requires very little maintenance, especially after coating. Foam glass has a low specific weight of approximately 120-200 kg/m ³ , so that no lifting equipment is required when assembling several foam glass elements Pn arranged to form a floating body 100.n. Through the The material properties described have an almost unlimited service life. Floating bodies made from foam glass are significantly more expensive to produce than conservative reinforced concrete floating bodies.

Another advantage is that floating bodies 100.n can be constructed modularly as (plate module/e Pn and supporting structure module/e 200.n) and several floating bodies 100.n can also be constructed modularly as an assembly unit to form larger units, in particular floating pontoons ( compare Figure 3 ) can be put together, as will be explained later. If the floating body modules 100.n are manufactured in a manageable size, there is no need for heavy crane technology.

Foam glass has a buoyancy of approximately 800 kg/m ³ , so that floating bodies 100.n can be designed with low weight and high buoyancy and have sufficient buoyancy even with integrated, non-self-floating structural module(s) 200.n.

The integrated supporting structure 200.n stabilizes the floating body 100.n and is suitable for absorbing high loads, which are distributed over the supporting structure 200.n in the floating body 100.n.

Preferably, the at least one supporting structure 200.n is a galvanized steel grid frame, which is arranged integrated in the floating body 100.n, as will be explained in further detail.

In the selected first embodiment variant of the floating body 100.1 of type A according to Figure 1A Each plate P1 comprises two sub-plates P11, P12, which have a joint that is in Figure 1A can be seen, are joined together in an x/y plane.

It is understood that this two-part design of the first plate P1 only represents a preferred embodiment variant, ie the first plate P1 could accordingly also be designed in one piece or in more than two parts. According to the exemplary embodiment, a two-part design in two partial plates P11, P12 facilitates the assembly or assembly of the floating body 100.1. The second plate P2 is arranged in a second layer S2 underneath, the sub-plates of which are provided with the reference numbers P21, P22.

The joint of the two partial plates P21, P22 in layer S1 lies in the x/z plane and thus orthogonal to the joint of the partial plates P11, P12, whose joint is arranged in the x/z plane above in layer S2.

The partial plates of the underlying layers S3-S7 are in Figure 1A For reasons of clarity, not provided with reference numbers. The corresponding structure is detailed in the Figures 1C and 1D clarified, which will be discussed later.

Out of Figure 1A However, it is already clear that the alignment of the joint of the respective partial plates changes from layer S1-S7 to layer S1-S7 offset by 90°, so that the joints of the plates P1, P3, P5, P7 are arranged in layers in several x/z- Planes lie and the joints of the plates P2, P4, P6 are arranged orthogonally to them in the other x / y planes in between.

According to the invention, it is provided that the plates P1-P7 or the explained partial plates are glued to one another via their mutually facing surfaces, so that the floating body 100.1 is designed as a glued sandwich made of several plates Pn, which has a predeterminable number of layers Sn.

A bitumen adhesive is preferably used as the adhesive, which is preferably applied in heated form and is therefore in particular a bitumen adhesive.

When assembled, the foam glass elements are inextricably glued together as a sandwich in the so-called cross-plate composite.

Out of Figure 1A Connecting elements 200.VX, 200.XY and 200.VZ can already be removed, which in the selected embodiment are flange plates which are arranged at the end of the supporting structure 200.1 explained below.

These connecting elements 200.VX, 200.VY, 200VZ are used to connect several floating bodies 100.n, which are screwed together using adjacent flange plates.

In the embodiment variant shown, flange plates 200.VX, 200.XY and 200.VZ arranged, which connects several floating bodies 100.n to one, for example Figure 3 shown floating pontoon SP enables.

In this embodiment variant, it is preferred that the connection of further floating bodies 200.n is provided in the x/z plane or in the y/z plane, so that for assembly purposes the flange plates 200.VX and 200.VY to be connected are in the Plates P1-P7 provided mounting recesses A are arranged.

The flange plates 200.VX and 200.VY are therefore flush with the outer surface of the floating body 100.1, but can be reached at the rear via the mounting recesses A, which means that the modular assembly of several floating bodies 100.n in the respective level is possible.

The supporting structure 200.1 belonging to the first embodiment variant, that is to say to the first floating body 200.1 of type A, is in Figure 1B presented in detail.

As already explained previously, the supporting structure 200.1 is basically a frame element which, in its simplest form, is formed in a plane, which in the first embodiment variant lies in a horizontal x/y plane.

The frame element 200.1 can take on any conceivable geometric shape. In the selected first embodiment variant, the frame element 200.1 in its simplest embodiment comprises two opposite supports TX and TY and is designed as a square in the selected embodiment.

In summary, the simple frame element 200.1 can in principle only serve as a supporting structure 200.n consisting of two supports each, which are arranged in one horizontal plane and connected to one another.

In the Figure 1B However, a preferred embodiment variant forms so-called nodes at the corner points K1, K2, K3, K4 of the support TX, TY of the frame element, from which corresponding end elements extend in all spatial directions x, y, z in the exemplary embodiment.

Two end elements TZE running in the z direction are arranged on each node element K1-K4 in the opposite direction.

In addition, one end element TXE in the x direction and one element TYE in the y direction are arranged at each node K1-K4 in the horizontal x/y plane.

Four end elements TXE, TYE, TZE are therefore formed at each node, all of which are directed in the spatial directions x, y, z.

In conjunction with the Figure 1A It becomes clear that the end elements 200.VZ, which extend upwards and downwards in the z direction in the selected embodiment variant, are arranged flush in the first plate P1 and the seventh plate P7.

Due to this flush arrangement, the top of the first plate P1 and the underside of the seventh plate P7 form straight, flat surfaces, which are designed as shock-free planes when the floating body 100.1 is used. The other end elements mentioned serve the already explained connection of further floating bodies 100.n to one another to form a floating pontoon SP or the like.

By looking at the Figures 1A and 1B It becomes clear that the arrangement of the supporting structure 200.1 in the plates Pn is mirror-symmetrical. This means that you create appropriate symmetry planes (compare Figure 1B' ) three-dimensionally in an imaginary manner into the assembled floating body 100.1, the center M of the frame element of the support elements TX and TY is formed by the intersection of the x / z plane or y / z plane. The x/y plane, the x/z plane and the y/z plane are in the Figure 1B' are defined.

The Figure 1C shows the floating body 200.1 of type A according to Figure 1A in a kind of exploded view of the upper layers S1, S2, S3 in a perspective view.

First of all, it is made clear that for the flush arrangement of the flange plates 200.VZ in the first plate P1 and the seventh plate P7 (in Figure 1C ) Invisible assembly recesses AR are formed with an edge on which the respective flange plates 200.VZ rests flush with the surface of the first plate P1 and the seventh plate P7 in the assembled state, the flange plates 200.VZ only being inserted after the end elements TZE have been carried out through the plates P1 to P3 or P4 to P7 (compare Figure 1D ) can be attached to the end elements TZE.

In the exemplary embodiment, like Figure 1B and the previous paragraph makes it clear that opposite end elements TZE of different lengths are formed starting from the nodes K1 to K4.

Out of Figure 1C It can also be seen that at least one preferably one-part or multi-part stabilizing intermediate layer L12 is arranged between the plates P1 to P3 or the partial plates explained before they are glued together. A one-part or multi-part stabilizing layer made of carbon or the like is preferably provided. In the exemplary embodiment, only an intermediate layer L12 is shown between the plates P1 and P2, which are glued together as explained above. It goes without saying that with seven plates Pn, n=7, six intermediate layers can be arranged as a carbon layer. Carbon layers can be provided as a stabilizing layer if required. They are not a standard variant. Foam glass itself has a very high compressive strength.

In addition, the invention creates according to Figure 1C a solution to integrate the supporting structure 200.1 into the panels in a form-fitting manner.

The figure shows an example of the third plate P3, which has groove-like integration recesses AN on its underside analogous to the position (in the assembled state) of the support elements TX and TY in the frame element 200.1, which accommodate part of the body of the support elements TX and TY.

Between the groove-like integration recesses AN of the third plate P3 (see Figure 1C ) in the two-part design of the plate P31, P32, the joint running in the x direction is formed.

The groove-like integration recesses AN lie in one of the x / y planes, in particular in the third layer S3, with mirror symmetry in the top of the fourth plate P4 (see Figure 1D ) in the fourth layer S4, also analogous to the position (in the assembled state) of the support elements TX and TY in the frame element 200.1, groove-like integration recesses AN are arranged, which accommodate the other part of the body of the support elements TX and TY. Between the integration recesses AN of the fourth plate P4 (compare Figure 1C ) in the two-part design of the plate P41, P42, the joint running in the y direction is formed.

Out of Figure 1D can still be analogous to that Figure 1C It can be seen that at least one preferably one-part or multi-part stabilizing intermediate layer L67 is arranged between the plates P4 to P7 or the partial plates explained before they are glued together. A one-part or multi-part stabilizing layer made of carbon or the like is preferably provided. In the exemplary embodiment, only an intermediate layer L67 is shown between the plates P6 and P7, which are glued together as explained above.

From the Figures 1C and 1D It is best seen that the respective mounting recesses A are also formed in the area of the groove-like integration recesses AN.

In the assembled state, the groove-like integration recesses AN take the support elements TX and TY of the frame element 200.1 and the node-side end pieces TXE and TYE formed at the nodes K1 to K4 (see Figure 1B ) in the x/y plane.

Corresponding integration through openings DZ are arranged in all plates P1 to P7 and the optionally arranged intermediate layers L12, L23 to L34, L45, L56, L67, which connect the node elements K1 to K4, which in the exemplary embodiment are between the first and fourth layers S3, S4 are arranged, and accommodate the node-side end pieces TZE running in the z direction.

According to the Figures 1C and 1D The integration through-openings DZ in the upper, first plate P1 and the fourth plate P4, representative of the integration through-openings DZ in all plates P1 to P7 and the optionally arranged intermediate layers L12, L23 to L34, are visible.

The Figure 2A shows a floating body 100`n of type B in a possible embodiment variant in a perspective view.

The Figure 2B shows a supporting structure 200'n specifically tailored to the type B floating body 100'n as the static core of a type B floating body 100'n Figure 2A in a possible embodiment variant also in a perspective view.

In Figure 2A For example, the floating body 100'.1 of type B has three plates P1, P2, P3, which are arranged next to each other as seen in the x direction and form a floating body 100'.1, which therefore has three layers S1, S2, S3 has that in the assembled state with a type A floating body 100.1 are arranged in the y/z plane.

The plates P1, P2, P3 have different extensions when viewed in the z direction, with the inner plate P3 in the assembled state (see Figure 3 ) has an extension in the z direction which corresponds to the total height of the plates P1 to P7 of a type A floating body 100.1 described.

The inner plate P3 (compare Figure 3 ) has an extent viewed in the y direction which corresponds to the width of the plates P1 to P7 of a type A floating body 100.1 viewed in the x direction or z direction.

When viewed from the inside out, the plates P2 and P1 have a decreasing extent in the z direction, with the lower end faces of the plates P1 to P3 being beveled, the importance of the bevelled design of the type B floating body 100'.1 being discussed later becomes.

The floating body 100`1 has mounting recesses A in the third plate P3 for mounting purposes of the flange plates 200.VX and 200.VY of a type A floating body 100.1. The plates P1 to P3 of the type B floating body 100`1 lie in the y/z plane when assembled, so that the in Figure 2A shown flange plates on cross members TX of the in Figure 2B shown supporting structure 200`.1 are arranged. The mounting recesses are not absolutely necessary.

Analogous to the previous description, a flush arrangement of the flange plates 200.VX is provided in the first plate P1 of the floating body 100.'1 of the type in mounting recesses AR, which form an edge.

In the Figure 2B The preferred design variant of the supporting structure 200'.1 also forms node points K1, K2 on a support TY of the frame element, from which corresponding end elements TXE extend in the x direction in a spatial direction x in the exemplary embodiment.

Two end elements TXE running in the x direction are arranged on each node element K1, K2 in the opposite direction. The supporting structure 200`.1 designed in this way is in the Floating body 100'.1 is arranged in an integrated manner and, according to the invention, forms a static core within the floating body 100'.1 of type B.

The Figure 2C the floating body 100`.1 of type B according to Figure 2A in a kind of exploded view of the outer layers P1, L12 in a perspective view. The Figure 2D shows the floating body 100`.1 of type B according to Figure 2A in a kind of exploded view of the inner layers P2, P3 in a perspective view.

Analogous to the type A floating body 100.1, a one-part or multi-part stabilizing layer made of carbon or the like is provided. In the exemplary embodiment, only one intermediate layer L12 is shown between the plates P1 and P2, the plates P1 to 3 and the at least one optionally arranged intermediate layer L12 being glued together as explained above.

In the Figures 2B to 2D Shown in summary are the integration through openings DZ, which are arranged in each plate P1, P2, P3 and the intermediate layer L12, which are the node elements K1, K2, which in the exemplary embodiment are arranged between the second and third layers S2, S3, and accommodate the node-side end pieces TXE running in the x direction.

The support element TY of the supporting structure 200`.1 of type lies in groove-like recesses AN which are provided in the in Figure 2D formed invisible area on the back of the second plate P2 and in the in Figure 2D formed invisible surface of the front of the third plate P3 are arranged.

The supporting structure 200'.1 is therefore also integrated into the floating body 100'.1 of type B and, according to the invention, also forms a static core within the floating body 100'.1.

In Figure 3 A floating pontoon SP is shown, which is formed from four floating bodies 100.1, 100.2, 100.3 and 100.4 of type A and two floating bodies 100'.1 and 100'.2 of type B. It is understood that the floating bodies 100'.1 and 100'.2 of type B are preferably arranged on all sides of the floating body 100'n of type A, opposite each other in the y/z planes and the x/z planes, so that according to the exemplary embodiment, two floating bodies 100'.1 and 100'2 of the symmetrical type lie opposite each other in mirror symmetry with respect to the center point M of the floating pontoon SP.

The recesses A are preferably filled after assembly. In addition, the completely assembled floating pontoon SP is coated or the type A and type B floats are already coated beforehand.

In summary, a supporting structure 200.n, 200'n (of various types A, B) is designed as a steel skeleton made of hollow steel profiles as a supporting framework, which enables the absorption and even distribution of loads. The supporting structure 200.n, 200'n is constructed as a skeleton in such a way that each floating body 100.n, 100'n (of different types A, B) is modular on each body transverse surface of the adjacent floating bodies 100.n, 100'n (of different Types A, B) can be mounted.

This means that modular, so-called pontoons or jetties or the like can be configured from several floating bodies 100.n, 100'n (of different types A, B), in particular straight jetties or L-shaped jetties or pontoons as large-area foundations or work platforms.

Simple basic shapes are planned (type A, B ....), so that components with the same construction principle are available, which enable variable, modular use in water, especially with ice. The floating bodies 100'.n of type B are in particular not only designed as buoyancy bodies, but also as ice aprons through the design of the plates P1 to P3, which extend differently in the z-direction and are bevelled.

Using appropriate grid dimensions in the x, y and z directions, additional attachments and superstructure parts such as railings, work boards, wave deflectors, protective planks and dolphins can be mounted at the designated external fastening points using the modular principle.

According to the invention, depending on the intended use, not only hollow steel profiles are used for the supporting structure 200.n, 200'n (of various types A, B), but in preferred embodiments other suitable metals and non-metals, e.g. B. aluminum, stainless steel, plastic profiles, wood composites, carbon and reinforced concrete are provided as materials.

The foam glass elements Pn used are inextricably glued together from panel to panel, preferably with a bitumen adhesive, always across the panels in the composite.

Depending on requirements, an additional intermediate layer Ln made of reinforced fabric is installed.

The steel or skeletal structure 200.n, 200'n (of various types A, B) made from other materials is, as explained, fitted into the foam glass layer in a form-fitting manner and depending on the required height and is preferably connected using bitumen adhesive.

After completion, i.e. the assembly of the floating body 100.n, 100'n (of various types A, B), the entire outer skin, as well as the outwardly projecting steel parts, in particular the connecting elements 200.VX, 200.XY and 200.VZ (flange plates ) and all transitions are sealed with a polyurethane or polyurea coating in such a way that direct contact between the at least one foam glass element and the at least one supporting structure, in particular water, is effectively avoided.

The polyurethane, in particular polyurea coatings, simultaneously ensure crucial protection of the entire foam glass floating body against mechanical influences, so that acting forces cause little or no damage.

Polyurethane or polyurea coatings prevent capillary cracks, especially in foam glass, which prevents the penetration of water and the risk of freezing.

Depending on the intended use, variable structures can be attached, such as cover layers, entire buildings, with the floating body 100.n, 100'n ballast being able to be arranged on the underside, whereby the floating body as a whole can be trimmed with regard to its floating center of gravity.

The individual floating bodies 100.n, 100'n are preferably connected, for example, via the connecting elements 200.VX, 200.XY and 200.VZ (flange plates) with screw connections in accordance with the corresponding statics requirements

As already explained, the assembly channels A, in particular the screw channels, are closed after assembly with foam glass moldings and sealed on the surfaces of the floating bodies 100.n, 100'n with a polyurethane coating.

Advantageously, it is possible to dismantle the floating bodies 100.n, 100'n non-destructively after assembly with screw connections after the intended use.

The foam glass elements Pn advantageously only have to ensure the permanent buoyancy of the floating body 100.n, 100'n. Foam glass and steel skeleton have an almost identical expansion coefficient, so expansion-specific problems do not exist or are negligible.

It is also mentioned that angle parts, curved elements, etc. can also be designed as floating bodies 100.n, 100'n.

Advantageously, it is also possible to seal any remaining joints between the individual floating body modules 100.n, 100'n after assembly with a suitable joint sealant if necessary. In addition, depending on the intended use, it is possible to cover the outside of the floating body with suitable materials, with stainless steel plates and/or natural fiber materials and/or wood being preferably provided as materials.

The floating bodies 100.n, 100'n according to the invention with integrated supporting structures 200.n, 200'n can advantageously be used as floating bodies in hydraulic engineering. It is intended to be used as floating structures, particularly for jetties, breakwaters, marinas and as modules in boat building. If hollow bodies are advantageously formed in the floating bodies 100.n, 100'n with integrated supporting structures 200.n, 200'n, these can be filled with buoyancy-generating materials, in particular foam glass, so that they are essentially unsinkable as floating structures. The floating structures can be used in landscaping and/or pond construction. Floating bridges for civil and military use are possible, especially floating bridges on unstable banks. With the floating bodies 100.n, 100'n according to the invention, which are also referred to as foam glass modules, floating or non-floating road construction platforms, jetty platforms, party platforms and work platforms or floating foundations for buildings, floating houses or structures for greening purposes, in particular "floating" street greenings be formed.

According to a first embodiment, the floating bodies 100.n, 100'n according to the invention described above have a one-piece supporting structure 200.n, 200'n.

The following is based on the Figures 4A to 7C Floating body 100.n according to the invention with a multi-part supporting structure 200.n is explained according to a second embodiment.

These floating bodies 100.n correspond to type A described above, but can be designed analogously as type B.

The Figure 4A shows a section AA through a floating body 100.n of type A in a possible embodiment variant with two foam glass elements, in particular P1 and P2.

According to the Figures 4A and 4B it is shown that the supporting structure 200.n is designed in several parts.

The Figure 4B shows an exploded view of the floating body 100.n according to Figure 4A .

In Figure 4C is a perspective view of the floating body 100.n of type A with two foam glass elements P1, P2 according to Figures 4A and 4B shown.

The Figures 4A to 4C are explained below in a synopsis of the figures.

The supporting structure 200.n is in several parts and, in its assembled state, is arranged in an integrated manner in a predeterminable number n of foam glass elements P1, P2, n =2.

A frame element with the support elements TX, TY and associated end elements TXE, TYE lies in several x/y planes.

The frame element has Z-beams TZ extending from the supporting elements TX, TY orthogonally to the supporting elements TX, TY.

According to Figure 4B Nodal points K1-K4 are formed, of which in the horizontal x/y planes on both sides there is an end element TXE in the x direction and one element TYE in the y direction (compare Figure 4B ), whereby a Z-beam TZ is firmly connected to the support elements TX, TY in the node points K1-K4, which is connected to end elements TZE, as will be explained below.

Thus, support elements TX, TY, TZ are arranged at each node K1 to K4, with the end elements TXE, TYE already present and firmly arranged, while the end elements TZE are positively and non-positively connected to the support element TZ when assembled.

From the Figures 4A and 4B It becomes clear that end elements TZE are arranged on the outgoing Z-beams TZ as further parts of the multi-part supporting structure 200.n from the Z-beams TZ of the frame element on both sides, which are positively and non-positively connected to the Z-beams in an assembled state.

The end elements TZE are also referred to as end supports. The end supports TZE grip (compare Figure 4A ) in the assembled state of the floating body 100.n into the Z-beam TZ of the frame element.

The first plate P1 has groove-like integration recesses AN on its underside, analogous to the position (in the assembled state) of the support elements TX in the frame element 200.1, which accommodate the bodies of the support elements TX in the one upper x/y plane.

The second plate P2 also has groove-like integration recesses AN on its upper side, analogous to the position (in the assembled state) of the support elements TY in the frame element 200.1, which accommodate the bodies of the support elements TY in the other x/y plane.

Corresponding integration through openings DZ (in the vertical direction z) are arranged in the plates P1 and P2 and an optionally arranged intermediate layer L12 (not shown), which accommodate the Z-beams and end pieces/end supports TZE running in the z direction on the node side.

It is particularly advantageous that the groove-like integration recesses AN and the integration through-openings DZ of the plates P1 and P2 are designed identically in the plates P1 and P2, that is, they are positioned, so that identical foam glass elements P1, P2 can be produced. In other words, the identically formed two plates P1 and P2 are according to Figures 4A to 4C used as an upper part and as a lower part, the groove-like integration recesses AN being arranged opposite one another in the assembled state and receiving the frame element 200.1. The integration recesses AN of the upper part P1 are arranged orthogonally to the integration recesses AN of the lower part P2.

The integration through openings DZ of the upper part P1 and the lower part P2 are aligned in the assembled state and accommodate the Z-beams of the frame element 200.1 running in the z direction and the end pieces/end supports TZE.

The length z _S of the end elements TZE extending from the Z-support TZ of the frame element can vary depending on a layer thickness of the foam glass elements P1, P2 formed in layers Sn, as will be shown or explained.

According to the invention, it is provided that the frame element, its support elements TX, TY and its associated end elements TXE, TYE are arranged in several x/y planes and form the Z-beam TZ extending from the support elements TX, TY orthogonally to the support elements TX, TY also identically designed common parts, which can be used multiple times if necessary, as will be explained with reference to the following figures.

The respective positive connection between the Z-beams TZ of the first part and the end pieces/end supports TZE arranged on the at least one Z-beam TZ in the assembled state is produced by the end pieces/end supports TZE engaging in the respective Z-beams TZ, whereby the Z-beam TZ and the end pieces/end supports TZE are designed as hollow profiles, so that in addition to the positive connection, a connection arrangement 5, 6, 7 passing through the hollow profiles can be produced as a non-positive connection of the parts TZ, TZE.

According to the Figures 4A, 4B It becomes clear that in a preferred embodiment, a threaded rod 5 is arranged, which passes through the hollow profiles TZ, TZE, the threaded rod 5 being secured to stops 8 provided for this purpose via washers 6 and nuts 7 (see Figure 4A ), which are firmly arranged in the parts TZ, TZE. Using the washers 6 and nuts 7, the plates P1 and P2 can be pulled together via the stops 8 in the parts TZ, TZE, so that the finished floating body 100.n is finally produced in a simple manner as an assembly part.

• ein Schaumglaselement als Oberschale P1 - Bauhöhe 500 mm in z-Richtung,
• ein Schaumglaselementen P2 als Unterschale P2- Bauhöhe 500 mm in z-Richtung,
• ein Rahmenelement 200.1 aus den Tragelementen TX, TY und zugehörigen Endelementen TXE, TYE sowie den Z-Trägern TZ,
• vier untere Endstücke/Endstützen TZE und
• vier obere Endstücke/Endstützen TZE sowie
• vier Gewindestangen 5 mit der entsprechenden Länge (1000 mm plus zwei mal Überstand) sowie Zubehör 6, 7 zur Herstellung der Verbindunganordnung 5, 6, 7.

According to the in the Figures 4A to 4C The embodiment shown is required for a standard body floating body 100.n (n = 1) with a height of 1,000 mm in the z direction, for example,

• a foam glass element as the upper shell P1 - height 500 mm in the z direction,
• a foam glass element P2 as a lower shell P2 - height 500 mm in the z-direction,
• a frame element 200.1 made of the support elements TX, TY and associated end elements TXE, TYE and the Z-beams TZ,
• four lower end pieces/end supports TZE and
• four upper end pieces/end supports TZE as well
• four threaded rods 5 with the appropriate length (1000 mm plus two times overhang) as well as accessories 6, 7 for producing the connection arrangement 5, 6, 7.

For manufacturing and assembly:

In a first step, the worker(s) produce foam glass blanks with a predetermined external dimension. For example, large foam glass panels delivered are glued crosswise in several layers with an adhesive, in particular a bitumen cold adhesive, so that there are two foam glass blanks, an upper part P1 and a lower part P2.

Then, preferably using a three-dimensional fully automatic milling tool, the outer contours as well as the recesses AN and the through openings DZ for the supporting structure 100.n, in particular the frame element TX, TY, TXE, TYE, TZ and the end pieces/end supports TZE in each foam glass element Pn; P1, P2 milled identically.

After the recesses AN and the through openings DZ in the foam glass elements P1, P2 have been completely produced, the foam glass elements P1, P2 are cleaned cleanly with compressed air and then completely coated on their outer surfaces using automatic sprayers, preferably with a polyurea coating.

The foam glass elements P1, P2 rest on their later inner surfaces, since these inner surfaces do not need to be coated.

The preferably galvanized lightweight steel hollow profiles of the frame element TX, TY, TXE, TYE, TZ and the end pieces/end supports TZE are cut to size on an automatic saw and then welded, for example by a welding robot, to always produce identical frame elements TX, TY, TXE, TYE, TZ . The frame element TX, TY, TXE, TYE, TZ and the supports, in particular the end pieces/end supports TZE, are advantageously designed as identical parts and can then be variably combined to form several different heights as floating bodies 100.n, 200.n, as will be explained later.

First, the lower end pieces/end supports TZE are placed in prepared recesses on an assembly table.

The foam glass element P2 is then placed as a lower part via the through openings DZ from above onto the end pieces/end supports TZE.

The open central surface, which lies opposite the foam glass element P1 as the upper part, is then coated or injected with an adhesive, in particular a bitumen cold adhesive.

The worker(s) insert the frame element TX, TY, TXE, TYE, TZ into the recesses AN and through openings DZ, while the Z-beams TZ are pushed onto the lower end pieces/end supports TZE. The top side of the lower part P2 is then coated with an adhesive, in particular bitumen cold adhesive.

The foam glass element P1 is then placed as the upper shell, and the upper end pieces/end supports TZE are inserted into the through openings DZ and into the Z-beams TZ of the frame element TX, TY, TXE, TYE, TZ. This means that the upper end pieces/end supports TZE are inserted into Z-beams TZ, with the upper end pieces/end supports TZE striking the stops 8', which are arranged within the Z-beams TZ.

The worker(s) insert the prefabricated threaded rods 5 through the upper hollow profiles TZE and the middle profile TZ of the frame element and the lower hollow profiles TZE as well as through the through openings (holes) in the stops 8, 8`, after which both sides (compare Figure 4A ) and beforehand the threaded rods 5 in the area of the stops 8 'in the Z-beams TZ are screwed and tightened with a torque wrench.

It is clear that the supporting structure consists of the elements TX, TY, TZ, TXE, TYE, TZE between the end pieces/end supports TZE and the Z-beam TZ (compare Figures 4A, 4B ; 5A, 5B ; 6A, 6B ; 7A, 7B ) or according to an embodiment variant of an additional connecting T-beam MZ (see Figures 7A, 7B ) is designed to be inserted in a form-fitting manner.

The object of the invention is therefore a floating body 100.n, 200.n with a supporting structure which is designed as a plug-in system or as a multi-plug system.

Any cold glue that may ooze out of the central joint is removed and the floating body 100.n, 200.n is finished. The vertical (z-direction) support recesses DZ, i.e. the through openings DZ, are preferably sprayed before assembly with a swelling adhesive, which reacts within a short time, in particular a few minutes after assembly, whereby the supports TZE, TZ, 5 be anchored in the foam glass elements Pn in the correct position.

The described basic principle of the design of the parts and assembly according to the invention enables the design and production of differently sized floating bodies 100.n with adapted supporting structures 200.n, as will be explained below.

According to the Figures 4A to 4B For example, using the functional principle explained, different heights can be achieved (seen in the z direction of the floating body 100.n).

Different payloads are assigned to the different heights, which means that different requirements and customer needs can be responded to.

In a preferred embodiment, the floating bodies 100.n with different heights always have the identical parts explained, which are combined with one another, as will be made clear below.

The combining identical parts, in particular the frame element TX, TY, TXE, TYE, TZ and the end pieces/end supports TZE as well as the identically designed foam glass elements Pn; P1, P2 are used in combination. The hollow profiles TX, TY, TXE, TYE running in the x/y planes only serve as “lost formwork” and as a guide for the actual connecting hollow profiles TZ, TZE. The hollow profiles TX, TY, TXE, TYE running in the x/y planes essentially ensure the guidance and fastening of the vertical supports, in particular the connecting hollow profiles TZ, TZE and the end system fastening elements 200.VZ (compare Figures 4A and 4B ).

The Figure 5A shows a section AA through a floating body 100.n of type A in a possible embodiment variant with two foam glass elements, in particular P1 and P2.

According to the Figures 5A and 5B it is shown that the supporting structure 200.n is designed in several parts.

The Figure 5B shows an exploded view of the floating body 100.n according to Figure 5A .

In Figure 5C is a perspective view of the floating body 100.n of type A with two foam glass elements P1, P2 according to Figures 5A and 5B shown.

The Figures 5A to 5C are explained below in a synopsis of the figures.

The difference to the previous design variant is that the layer thickness of the foam glass elements formed in layers S1 and S2 is Pn; P1, P2 of the lower foam glass element P2 is greater than the layer thickness of the first foam glass element P1 (S1 < S2).

This means that the length z _S of the end elements TZE extending from the Z-beam TZ of the frame element, in the exemplary embodiment the lower end elements TZE (compare Figure 5B ) are made longer depending on the greater layer thickness of the lower foam glass element P2, which means that longer threaded rods 5 with the corresponding greater length are required.

• ein Schaumglaselement als Oberschale P1 - Bauhöhe 500 mm in z-Richtung,
• ein Schaumglaselementen P2 als Unterschale P2-Bauhöhe 1000 mm in z-Richtung,
• ein Rahmenelement 200.1 aus den Tragelementen TX, TY und zugehörigen Endelementen TXE, TYE sowie den Z-Trägern TZ,
• vier gegenüber den Figuren 4A bis 4C untere längere Endstücke/Endstützen TZE und vier obere Endstücke/Endstützen TZE mit der Länge zs gemäß den Figuren 4A bis 4C sowie
• vier Gewindestangen 5 mit der entsprechenden größeren Länge(1500 mm plus zwei mal Überstand) sowie Zubehör 6, 7 zur Herstellung der Verbindunganordnung 5, 6, 7.

According to the in the Figures 5A to 5C The embodiment shown are therefore required for a floating body 100.n (n = 1) with an overall height of 1,500 mm in the z direction (which differs from the standard body floating body 100.n (n = 1) in terms of overall height), for example,

• a foam glass element as the upper shell P1 - height 500 mm in the z direction,
• a foam glass element P2 as a lower shell P2 construction height 1000 mm in the z direction,
• a frame element 200.1 made of the support elements TX, TY and associated end elements TXE, TYE and the Z-beams TZ,
• four compared to the Figures 4A to 4C lower longer end pieces/end supports TZE and four upper end pieces/end supports TZE with the length zs according to Figures 4A to 4C as well as
• four threaded rods 5 with the corresponding longer length (1500 mm plus two times overhang) as well as accessories 6, 7 for producing the connection arrangement 5, 6, 7.

The Figure 6A shows a section AA through a floating body 100.n of type A in a possible embodiment variant with three foam glass elements, in particular P1 and P2 and P3.

According to the Figures 6A and 6B it is shown that the supporting structure 200.n is designed in several parts.

The Figure 6B shows an exploded view of the floating body 100.n according to Figure 6A .

In Figure 6C is a perspective view of the floating body 100.n of type A with three foam glass elements P1, P2, P3 according to Figures 6A and 6B shown.

The Figures 6A to 6C are explained below in a synopsis of the figures.

The difference to the design variant according to Figures 5A to 5C is that the layer thickness of the foam glass elements formed in layers S1, S2, S3 is Pn; P1, P2, P3 are the same size (S1 = S2 = S3).

That is, the length z _S of the end elements TZE extending from the Z-beam TZ of the frame element, the lower end elements TZE and the upper end elements TZE (compare Figure 6B ) are dependent on the layer thickness of the upper and lower foam glass elements P1, P3 (analogous to the Figures 4A to 4B ) of the same length, with the greater height of the floating body 100.n (n = 1) compared to the standard floating body 100.n according to the Figures 4A to 4C is generated by an additional intermediate foam glass element P2.

As a result, threaded rods 5 with a correspondingly longer length are required.

• ein Schaumglaselement als Oberschale P1 - Bauhöhe 500 mm in z-Richtung,
• ein Zwischen-Schaumglaselement P2 als Zwischenschale mit der Bauhöhe 500 mm in z-Richtung, sowie
• ein Schaumglaselement als Unterschale P3 - Bauhöhe 500 mm in z-Richtung, sowie
• zwei Rahmenelement 200.1 aus den Tragelementen TX, TY und zugehörigen Endelementen TXE, TYE sowie den Z-Trägern TZ, sowie
• vier untere und obere Endstücke/Endstützen TZE mit der Länge zs gemäß den Figuren 4A bis 4C sowie
• vier Gewindestangen 5 mit der entsprechenden größeren Länge (1500 mm plus zwei mal Überstand) sowie Zubehör 6, 7 zur Herstellung der Verbindunganordnung 5, 6, 7

benötigt.According to the in the Figures 6A to 6C The embodiment shown is for a floating body 100.n (n = 1) with a height of 1,500 mm in the z-direction (which differs from the standard body floating body 100.n (n = 1) in terms of height)

• a foam glass element as the upper shell P1 - height 500 mm in the z direction,
• an intermediate foam glass element P2 as an intermediate shell with a height of 500 mm in the z direction, as well
• a foam glass element as a lower shell P3 - height 500 mm in z-direction, as well
• two frame element 200.1 made of the support elements TX, TY and associated end elements TXE, TYE as well as the Z-beams TZ, as well
• four lower and upper end pieces/end supports TZE with the length zs according to Figures 4A to 4C as well as
• four threaded rods 5 with the corresponding longer length (1500 mm plus two times overhang) as well as accessories 6, 7 for producing the connection arrangement 5, 6, 7

needed.

In this embodiment, the intermediate foam glass element P2 as an intermediate shell differs from the standardized foam glass elements P1 and P2 manufactured as identical parts according to Figures 4A to 4C from, because both on its upper side and on its underside, in addition to the unchanged integration through openings DZ, orthogonally offset groove-like integration recesses AN are formed, which according to Figure 6B at least partially accommodate a frame element 200.1 arranged above and below between the foam glass elements P1 and P2 and between the foam glass elements P2 and P3.

This configuration eliminates the need to increase the overall height of the lower shell P2, which is designed as a thicker foam glass element Figures 5A to 5C and the need for longer end pieces/end supports according to TZE Figure 5B to be used with a longer overall length zs.

The Figure 7A shows a section AA through a floating body 100.n of type A in a possible embodiment variant with four foam glass elements, in particular P1 and P2 and P3 and P4.

According to the Figures 7A and 7B it is shown that the supporting structure 200.n is designed in several parts.

The Figure 7B shows an exploded view of the floating body 100.n according to Figure 7A .

In Figure 7C is a perspective view of the floating body 100.n of type A with four foam glass elements P1, P2, P3, p4 according to Figures 7A and 7B shown.

The Figures 7A to 7C are explained below in a synopsis of the figures.

The specific features of this design variant according to Figures 7A to 7C consist in that the layer thickness of the foam glass elements formed in layers S1, S2, S3, S4 is Pn; P1, P2, P3 are the same size (S1 = S2 = S3 = S4).

This means that the length zs of the end elements TZE extending from the Z-beam TZ of the frame element, the lower end elements TZE and the upper end elements TZE (compare Figure 7B ) are of the same length depending on the layer thickness of the upper and lower foam glass elements P1, P4, whereby the larger height of the floating body is 100.n (n = 1) compared to the standard float 100.n according to the Figures 4A to 4C is generated by two additional intermediate foam glass elements P2, P3.

As a result, threaded rods 5 with a correspondingly longer length are required.

• ein Schaumglaselement als Oberschale P1 - Bauhöhe 500 mm in z-Richtung,
• zwei Zwischen-Schaumglaselemente P2, P3 als Zwischenschale mit der Bauhöhe je 500 mm in z-Richtung, sowie
• ein Schaumglaselement als Unterschale P4 - Bauhöhe 500 mm in z-Richtung, sowie
• zwei Rahmenelemente 200.1 aus den Tragelementen TX, TY und zugehörigen Endelementen TXE, TYE sowie den Z-Trägern TZ, sowie
• vier untere und obere Endstücke/Endstützen TZE mit der Länge zs gemäß den Figuren 4A bis 4C sowie
• ein Verbindungsträger (MZ) gemäß Figur 7B als Distanzstück, und
• vier Gewindestangen 5 mit der entsprechenden größeren Länge (2000 mm plus zwei mal Überstand) sowie Zubehör 6, 7 zur Herstellung der Verbindunganordnung 5, 6, 7

benötigt.According to the in the Figures 7A to 7C The embodiment shown is for a floating body 100.n (n = 1) with a height of 2000 mm in the z direction (which differs from the standard body floating body 100.n (n = 1) in terms of height)

• a foam glass element as the upper shell P1 - height 500 mm in the z direction,
• two intermediate foam glass elements P2, P3 as an intermediate shell with a height of 500 mm each in the z direction, as well
• a foam glass element as a lower shell P4 - height 500 mm in z-direction, as well
• two frame elements 200.1 made of the support elements TX, TY and associated end elements TXE, TYE and the Z-beams TZ, as well
• four lower and upper end pieces/end supports TZE with the length zs according to Figures 4A to 4C as well as
• a connection carrier (MZ) according to Figure 7B as a spacer, and
• four threaded rods 5 with the corresponding longer length (2000 mm plus two times overhang) as well as accessories 6, 7 for producing the connection arrangement 5, 6, 7

needed.

In this embodiment, the intermediate foam glass elements P2 and P3 as intermediate shells do not differ from the standardized foam glass elements P1 and P2 manufactured as identical parts according to Figures 4A to 4C from, because the intermediate foam glass elements P2 and P3 now correspond again to the foam glass elements P1 and P4 (upper and lower shell) since in all foam glass elements P1, P2, P3, P4 the standardized integration through openings DZ and the groove-like integration recesses AN according to the Figures 4A, 4B, 4C are trained.

According to the invention, foam glass elements Pn are glued together and provided with a supporting structure 200.n, 200'n, whereby the foam glass elements Pn and the supporting structure 200.n, 200'n are formed in combination to form a floating body 100.n, 100'n.

The supporting structure 200.n, 200'n can be made of galvanized steel, light steel profiles, aluminum profiles, carbon fibers, wood, plastics or other suitable materials.

The outer coating of the foam glass supporting structure has the most durable surface seal possible, which at the same time ensures a high level of mechanical protection. The seal can preferably be made of polyurea, for example, but other preferred suitable compounds can also be used that fulfill the same purpose, such as glass fiber-polyester compounds.

The non-positive connections described can, as explained, be designed as mechanical connections or as chemical, in particular adhesive, connections or as magnetic connections.

Reference symbol list

SP

Floating pontoon

100.n

nth float; Type A

100.1

first floating body; Type A

100.2

second float; Type A

100.3

third float; Type A

100.4

fourth float; Type A

Pn

Foam glass element, plate (nth plate)

P1

first record

P11

Partial plate of the first plate

P12

Partial plate of the first plate

P2

second plate

P21

Partial plate of the second plate

P22

Partial plate of the second plate

P3

third plate

P31

Partial plate of the third plate

P32

Partial plate of the third plate

P4

fourth plate

P41

Partial plate of the fourth plate

P42

Partial plate of the fourth plate

P5

fifth plate

P51

Partial plate of the fifth plate

P52

Partial plate of the fifth plate

P6

sixth plate

P61

Partial plate of the sixth plate

P62

Partial plate of the sixth plate

P7

seventh plate

P71

Partial plate of the seventh plate

P72

Partial plate of the seventh plate

Sn

Layer (nth layer)

S1

first layer

S2

second layer

Ln

nth intermediate layer

L12

Intermediate layer (carbon layer) between plates P1 and P2

L67

Intermediate layer (carbon layer) between plates P6 and P7

S12

Interlayer

S3

third layer

S4

fourth layer

S5

fifth layer

S6

sixth layer

L67

Intermediate layer (carbon layer)

S7

seventh layer

200.n

nth structure, type A

200.1

first supporting structure (version type A)

200.VX

connecting element

200.VY

connecting element

200.VZ

connecting element

TZ

Z-beam

TY

Y-beam

TX

X-beam

MZ

Connection Z-beam, spacer

Kn

nth node

K1

first node

K2

second node

K3

third node

K4

fourth node

100`.n

nth float; Type B

100'.1

first floating body; Type B

100`.2

first floating body; Type B

200`.n

nth structure, type B

200.VX

connecting element

200.VY

connecting element

200.VZ

connecting element

TXE

End elements

TYE

End elements

TZE

End elements

Kn

nth node

K1

first node

K2

second node

K3

third node

K4

fourth node

M

Focus

A

Mounting recess(es).

AR

Mounting recesses with edge

AT

groove-like integration recesses

D

Integration through openings

5

Threaded rod

6

washer

7

Mother

8th

Stop in TZE

8`

Stop in TZ

x

horizontal direction orthogonal to the y direction

y

horizontal direction orthogonal to the x direction

e.g

vertical direction orthogonal to the x-direction and y-direction

zs

Length of TZE

x/z plane

Plane that is spanned between x and z

x/y plane

Plane that is spanned between x and y

y/z plane

Plane spanned between y and z

Claims (15)

1. Floating body (100.n, 100'n) comprising at least one foam glass element (Pn), wherein at least one support structure (200.n, 200'n) comprising at least one support element (TX, TY) is arranged in and/or on the at least one foam glass element (Pn), wherein the at least one foam glass element (Pn) and the at least one support structure (200.n, 200'n) form the floating body (100.n, 100'n) in the assembled state,
   wherein

   the at least one support structure (200.n, 200'n) is formed in one part or in several parts and, in its assembled state, is arranged in an integrated manner in a predeterminable number (n) of foam glass elements (Pn) having cavities,

   characterised in that the foam glass element (Pn) is formed in several parts from a predeterminable number (n) of plates (Pn) which are connected to one another in layers (Sn) as a sandwich and are bonded to one another in the composite to form the floating body (100.n, 100'n).
2. Floating body (100.n, 100'n) according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the support structure (200.n, 200'n) is a geometrically predeterminable frame element which is formed from support elements (TX, TY) lying in at least one plane (x/y plane), wherein at least one end element (TXE, TYE, TZE) extends from the support elements (TX, TY) of the frame element in at least one spatial direction (x, y, z).
3. Floating body (100.n, 100'n) according to claim 2,
   characterised in that
   the at least one end element (TXE, TYE, TZE) extends from at least one node (K1, K2, K3, K4) formed by the support elements (TX, TY) lying in at least one plane (x/y plane).
4. Floating body (100.n, 100'.n) according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the multi-part support structure (200.n, 200'n)

   • as a first part comprises the frame element lying in at least one plane (x/y plane) with the support elements (TX, TY) and associated end elements (TXE, TYE), which has, orthogonally to the at least one (x/y plane), at least one Z-beam (TZ) extending from the support elements (TX, TY), wherein on the at least one extending Z-beam (TZ)

   • as further parts of the multi-part support structure (200.n, 200'n), end elements (TZE) are arranged extending on both sides from the at least one Z-beam (TZ) of the frame element which (TZE) are connected in a form-fitting and force-fitting manner to the at least one Z-beam (TZ) in an assembled state.
5. Floating body (100.n, 100'.n) according to claims 1 and 4,
   characterised in that
   all parts of the multi-part support structure (200.n, 200'n) are integrally arranged in adjacent foam glass elements (Pn; n=2), wherein the frame element with the support elements (TX, TY) and the associated end elements (TXE, TYE) as well as the at least one Z-beam (TZ) extending from the support elements (TX, TY) are identically formed, wherein the length (zs) of the at least one end element (TZE) extending from the Z-beam (TZ) of the frame element varies depending on a layer thickness of the foam glass elements (Pn; Pn; n>1) formed in layers (Sn).
6. Floating body (100.n, 100'.n) according to claims 1 and 4,
   characterised in that
   in the case of an integration of the multi-part support structure (200.n, 200'n), in the case of an odd number of connecting surfaces of a plurality of adjacent foam glass elements (Pn; n>3) between two adjacent edge-side foam glass elements (P1, P2; P3, P4), a first identical part is arranged respectively as frame elements (TX, TY, TZ), while the further parts, in particular the parts which are arranged extending from the at least one Z-beam (TZ) of the frame element end elements (TZE) in the edge-side foam glass elements (P1, P4), vary with respect to their length (z_S) depending on the layer thickness of the foam glass elements (Pn; Pn; n>1) formed in layers (Sn), wherein at least one Z-connection beam (MZ) is assigned to the support structure (200.n, 200'n) which is arranged in a form-fitting and force-fitting manner on both sides between the Z beams (TZ) in order to connect the inner non side-edge foam glass elements (P2, P3).
7. Floating body (100.n, 100'.n) according to claims 4 and 5,
   characterised in that the respective form-fitting connection is formed between the at least one Z-beam (TZ) of the first part and the end elements (TZE) arranged on the at least one Z-beam (TZ) in the assembled state, in that the end elements (TZE) engage in the respective Z-beam or beams (TZ), the Z-beam (TZ) and the end elements (TZE) being in the form of hollow profiles, so that a connecting arrangement (5, 6, 7) which engages through the hollow profiles effects a force-fitting connection of the parts (TZ, TZE).
8. Floating body (100.n, 100'.n) according to claim 6,
   characterised in that the respective form-fitting connection is formed between the at least one Z-beam (MZ) of the first part and the end elements (TZE) arranged on the at least one Z-beam (MZ) in the assembled state and on the at least one connecting beam (MZ) arranged between the Z-beams (MZ), in that the end elements (TZE) and the at least one Z-connection beam (MZ) engage in the respective Z-beams (MZ), the Z-beam (MZ) and the end elements (TZE) and the Z-connection beam (MZ) being designed as hollow profiles, so that a connection arrangement (5, 6, 7) which engages through the hollow profiles brings about a force-fitting connection of the parts (TZ, TZE, MZ).
9. Floating body (100.n, 100'.n) according to claim 1,
   characterised in that
   a one-part or multi-part stabilising intermediate layer (Ln) is arranged at least between two foam glass elements (P1, P2) of the plurality of one-part or multi-part foam glass elements (Pn; Pn; n>1), so that the plurality of one-part or multi-part foam glass elements (Pn; Pn; n>1) are provided with at least one intermediate layer (L12) arranged between two foam glass elements (P1, P2) and are bonded to one another as a sandwich with at least one intermediate layer (Ln).
10. Floating body (100.n, 100'.n) according to claim 9,
    characterised in that
    the intermediate layer (L12) is made of carbon.
11. Floating body (100.n, 100'.n) according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the cavities are through openings (DZ) whose inner contour corresponds to the outer contour of the at least one support element (TX, TY, TZ) of the support structure (200.n, 200'.n) and/or of the at least one end element (TXE, TYE, TZE) of the support structure (200.n, 200'.n) and/or of the at least one Z-beam (TZ) and/or of the at least one Z-connecting beam (MZ)
12. Floating body (100.n, 100'.n) according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the cavities have recesses (AN) whose inner contour is arranged in order to correspond to the outer contour of the at least one support element (TX, TY, TZ) of the support structure (200.n, 200'.n) and/or of the at least one end element (TXE, TYE, TZE) of the support structure (200.n, 200'.n).
13. Floating body (100.n, 100'.n) according to claim 1, characterised in that that the at least one foam glass element (Pn) and the at least one support structure (200.n, 200'n) have a coating in the assembled state, wherein the coating is in particular a polyurethane coating which seals the floating body (100.n, 100'.n).
14. Floating body (100.n, 100'.n) according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the at least one foam glass element (Pn) and/or the at least one support structure (200.n, 200'n) comprises cavities which are fillable with a material after assembly, whereby the floating body (100.n, 100'.n) is trimmed with respect to its floating centre of gravity or the buoyancy of the floating body (100.n, 100'.n) is adjusted.
15. Use of at least one floating body (100.n, 100'.n) according to at least one of claims 1 to 14 which comprises at least one foam glass element (Pn), on or in which at least one support structure (200.n, 200'n) is arranged, wherein several floating bodies (100.n, 100'.n) can be connected via connecting elements (200.VX, 200.VY) as a floating platform to form a floating pontoon (SP), whereby floating jetties, floating breakwaters, floating bridges, floating road construction platforms, floating party platforms, floating work platforms, floating foundations for buildings, floating structures for road landscaping can be formed, which comprise one or more floating bodies (100.n, 100'.n).

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