EP3839322A1 - Lampe et procédé correspondant - Google Patents

Lampe et procédé correspondant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3839322A1
EP3839322A1 EP20209701.0A EP20209701A EP3839322A1 EP 3839322 A1 EP3839322 A1 EP 3839322A1 EP 20209701 A EP20209701 A EP 20209701A EP 3839322 A1 EP3839322 A1 EP 3839322A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lamp
face
longitudinal
light
transversal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
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EP20209701.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3839322B1 (fr
Inventor
Mr. Aniello APUZZO
Mr. Alessandro BIZZOTTO
Mr. Riccardo CASTELLAN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
Osram SpA
Original Assignee
Osram GmbH
Osram SpA
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Publication of EP3839322A1 publication Critical patent/EP3839322A1/fr
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Publication of EP3839322B1 publication Critical patent/EP3839322B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/33—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
    • F21K9/20—Light sources comprising attachment means
    • F21K9/23—Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with a single fitting for each light source, e.g. for substitution of incandescent lamps with bayonet or threaded fittings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
    • F21K9/60—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction
    • F21K9/68—Details of reflectors forming part of the light source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/147—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being angled to the optical axis of the illuminating device
    • F21S41/148—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being angled to the optical axis of the illuminating device the main emission direction of the LED being perpendicular to the optical axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/151—Light emitting diodes [LED] arranged in one or more lines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/19—Attachment of light sources or lamp holders
    • F21S41/192—Details of lamp holders, terminals or connectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S45/00—Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
    • F21S45/40—Cooling of lighting devices
    • F21S45/42—Forced cooling
    • F21S45/43—Forced cooling using gas
    • F21S45/435—Forced cooling using gas circulating the gas within a closed system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/04—Optical design
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2102/00—Exterior vehicle lighting devices for illuminating purposes
    • F21W2102/10—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light
    • F21W2102/13—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region
    • F21W2102/135—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region the light having cut-off lines, i.e. clear borderlines between emitted regions and dark regions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2107/00—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles
    • F21W2107/10—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles for land vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2103/00—Elongate light sources, e.g. fluorescent tubes
    • F21Y2103/10—Elongate light sources, e.g. fluorescent tubes comprising a linear array of point-like light-generating elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2107/00—Light sources with three-dimensionally disposed light-generating elements
    • F21Y2107/90—Light sources with three-dimensionally disposed light-generating elements on two opposite sides of supports or substrates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

  • One or more embodiments may be applied to lamps employing solid-state light generators, e.g. LED light generators.
  • One or more embodiments may advantageously be employed in the automotive sector, e.g. as automotive retrofit lamps for vehicles.
  • LED light sources may exhibit various advantages in comparison with conventional lamps or bulbs.
  • LED sources are brighter, they are quicker on power up and may be easily PMW modulated in order to regulate the intensity of the emitted light.
  • Another advantage is the possibility of operating LED chips in series, in parallel or in mixed topologies, with a rather long-time durable life.
  • LED lamps which may be used in the place of conventional lamps, for instance of halogen lamps, while complying with law requirements. It is reasonable to expect that in the near future automotive lamps, such as e.g. the lamps currently known as H-type lamps, will be nearly completely replaced by LED lamps.
  • LED groups or clusters it is desirable for such LED groups or clusters to meet the technical specifications applicable to the filament of an incandescent bulb, the possibility being offered of achieving a radiation beam which complies with specifications such as ECE R112 Regulation.
  • the lamp bodies (which may act as heatsinks) it is possible to provide openings adapted to transmit light having a radiation pattern which closely emulates the near-field distribution of conventional lamps.
  • the lamp housing may comprise metal or plastic (polymeric) material, which facilitates manufacturing by moulding processes, the possibility being given e.g. to shape the lamp housing in such a way as to control the distribution of the LED-emitted light according to a Lambertian distribution.
  • phosphor-converted LED sources have an emission spectrum in the range of visible light, with a narrow peak around 440 nm in the blue region and a rather wide bell curve from 500 nm to 700 nm, with a peak at 550 nm.
  • the light emission is provided by one or more semiconductor sources, arranged in a lamp closed by a cap, the emitted luminous flux being controllable by acting on the distance and the position of the LEDs with respect to the reference plane of the cap.
  • Document CN 205606398 U describes a LED lamp including two bodies, which define a symmetric light output.
  • Such lamps may include a housing with two complementary pieces (e.g. two half shells) having heat dissipation properties, which sandwich therebetween a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) carrying groups or clusters of several LEDs (e.g. three to five LEDs) placed on opposed surfaces of the board, in such a way as to emit light in opposite directions.
  • PCB Printed Circuit Board
  • Such pieces are adapted to protect the underlying electronics while achieving a good mechanical stability.
  • one or more embodiments tackle issues which may arise with respect to specifications such as contained in (previously mentioned) ECE R112 Regulation.
  • one or more embodiments aim at facilitating achieving a desired light distribution intensity in the so-called Zone III (Z III) of ECE R112 Regulation, e.g. as regards the points denoted as P1 + P2 + P3, P4 + P5 + P6, P7 and P8.
  • Z III Zone III
  • a flux intensity in this zone above cut-off is desired such as to facilitate good visibility between 25 m and 50 m on the road: such aspects may be relevant, for example, in the implementation of lamps for H7 low beam lights, for instance for retrofit applications.
  • conventional filament lamps in order to reach this goal, may take advantage from the cylindrical distribution of the light around the lamp, so that they comply with the minimum candela requirements in such points.
  • One or more embodiments may specifically tackle the problems deriving from light going above the cut-off in order to achieve an illumination of the points in Zone III without originating glaring phenomena around point HV (0,0).
  • Figure 1 shows a synthesis of ECE R112 Regulation, where such specifications are stated.
  • Zone I (Z 1) and Zone IV (Z IV) are below cut-off (X-axis, i.e. 0 on the Y-axis), while Zone III (Z III) is above cut-off.
  • One or more embodiments aim at contributing to improvements in the direction explained in the foregoing.
  • said object may be achieved thanks to a lamp having the features set forth in the claims that follow.
  • One or more embodiments may refer to a corresponding method.
  • One or more embodiments may facilitate achieving compliance with specifications such as ECE R112 Regulation by having the luminous distribution of the LEDs work in two different fashions: as direct light, if it is required for safety reasons, and as indirect/reflected light, for the points above cut-off, which are adapted e.g. to illuminate road panels.
  • One or more embodiments facilitate achieving such result thanks to the lamp structure, optionally combined with the materials employed to the purpose.
  • one or more embodiments may make use of coatings having different optical properties, e.g. having diffusivity/specularity characteristics in the vicinity of the light source, and on the other hand a dark (black) colour in other areas.
  • one or more embodiments may achieve a significant increase of luminous intensity in zones Z-III, Z-IV and Z-1 by employing LEDs currently available on the market (e.g. such as LUXEON Z-ES) while at the same time adopting current galvanic deposition and moulding processes on the materials.
  • LEDs currently available on the market e.g. such as LUXEON Z-ES
  • One or more embodiments may adopt, in order to achieve performance emulating a conventional filament lamp, linear arrays of e.g. three LEDs, the possibility being offered of increasing the luminous intensity above cut-off without originating glaring, e.g. when a lamp as exemplified herein is mounted as a retrofit lamp in the place of a conventional incandescent lamp.
  • lamps according to embodiments may be used together with reflectors (for example in the case of low-beam lamps) having a complex shape, including so-called "pillows" which are shaped in such a way as to distribute light, and which are metallized so as to achieve a photometric structure which complies with international specifications.
  • An external observer looking at the reflector will therefore see mirroring pillows with a focal point in the region which, in a halogen lamp, is the filament region and which, in the case of a lamp according to embodiments, e.g. for retrofit applications, is the region hosting (linear) LED arrays.
  • reference number 10 denotes as a whole a lamp which may be employed e.g. for retrofit purposes, or optionally for the first equipment of a light (e.g. a low-beam light) of a vehicle such as e.g. a car, not visible in the figures.
  • a light e.g. a low-beam light
  • an automotive lamp 10 as exemplified herein is adapted to be mounted onto a support body P, the profile whereof is schematically shown in Figure 2 only. If it is employed in a light of a (motor) vehicle, body P may have the features of a reflector.
  • lamp 10 may comprise a body or housing of a generally elongated shape, extending in the direction of a longitudinal axis X10 and having a back or proximal base end 10a (which is adapted to be mounted, e.g. inserted, into the support body P) and a front (or distal) end 10b (wherefrom, in use, light radiation is emitted).
  • lamp 10 may be mounted on the vehicle, i.e. on the support body P (e.g. a reflector) so that axis X10 is oriented in a substantially horizontal direction, with the light radiation being emitted from the front end 10b and in the same way being directed in a substantially horizontal direction, radially, i.e. sidewise of axis X10.
  • the support body P e.g. a reflector
  • the lamp body 10 may comprise a plate-like member 12 (substantially corresponding to a Printed Circuit Board, PCB), having opposed faces hosting two linear arrays of solid-state light sources 141, 142 comprising e.g. three LEDs.
  • PCB Printed Circuit Board
  • the plate-like member 12 may be oriented in a substantially vertical direction, with the LED arrays 141, 142 projecting their light radiation in a substantially horizontal direction, starting from the opposite faces of the plate-like member 12, radially, i.e. sidewise of axis X10.
  • the LED arrays 141, 142 extend in the longitudinal direction of lamp 10, i.e. in the direction of axis X10.
  • Each LED array has therefore two array ends, which again may be respectively defined as back and front ends, similarly to what has been stated for the ends 10a and 10b of lamp 10.
  • the LEDs of the array may be of the type LUXEON Z-ES.
  • Such LEDs are available, for example, with dimensions of 2.04 mm in length, 1.64 mm in width and 0.49 mm in height or thickness, and may be arranged in such a way as to obtain gaps of 0.2 mm, separating the LEDs at the ends of the array from the central LED.
  • said light generators may be placed onto the plate-like member 12 with the interposition of a material 141a, 142a which is provided at least locally in plate-like member 12, and which has colour and/or finish characteristics (or, generally, optical properties) which are adapted to enhance the performance of lamp 10, as will be discussed in the following.
  • solder mask may be exemplary of such a material 141a, 142a.
  • the plate-like member 12 may be placed between two complementary, e.g. shell-shaped, pieces 161, 162, made of a (metal or plastic) moulded material.
  • plate-like member 12 may be sandwiched between complementary pieces 161 and 162, in a unit which may be assembled with screws 18 passing through respective holes provided in the pieces 161, 162 and in the plate-like member 12, which is sandwiched therebetween.
  • the back end 10a of the lamp body (comprising elements 12, 161 and 162) may have a generally sculptured structure (e.g. a finned surface) having heat-dissipating properties.
  • the two complementary pieces 161, 162 may comprise a material (e.g. a metal material or a plastic material) having heat conductive properties: this facilitates transmission of heat generated by the LED sources 141, 142 towards the back end 10a, thereby facilitating the dissipation of the heat generated by sources 141, 142 in operation.
  • a material e.g. a metal material or a plastic material
  • the back end 10a of body 10 may be shaped as a sort of box or cage, which is adapted to host electric/electronic circuits (of a type known in itself) therein; such circuits are adapted to feed the light sources 141, 142 through electrically conductive lines, which are not visible in the figures and which may be implemented e.g. as printed circuit tracks on plate-like member 12.
  • lamp body 10 may have, associated therewith, fixation features such as an annular mounting member 20, optionally associated with a sealing member 20a.
  • the mounting solution depicted herein is however only one of a plurality of possible solutions for mounting lamp 10 onto such support body as e.g. a reflector P of an automotive lamp, e.g. via connection mechanisms such as quarter-turn connection mechanisms.
  • the ring member 20 illustrated herein generally exemplifies a member used for mounting the lamp on a vehicle, said member including, at the rear part of lamp body, at least one reference formation (such as a ring-shaped flange 200a) adapted to define a reference plane (denoted as RP in Figure 4 ) transversal to longitudinal axis X10.
  • at least one reference formation such as a ring-shaped flange 200a
  • RP reference plane
  • a fixation member as exemplified herein may also correspond to the solutions described in documents such as the European application or the Italian patent applications, which have already been referred to in the foregoing.
  • the lamp body 10 may include, in an intermediate position between ends 10a and 10b and preferably nearer the front end 10b, two tray-shaped recesses 221, 222.
  • said recesses have at least approximately a funnel shape, having bottom openings 261, 262 (which are more clearly visible in the exploded perspective view of Figure 3 ).
  • recesses 221, 222 originate two mutually opposed cavities, each cavity having (at the opening 261, 261 of recess 221, 222) a respective planar bottom surface (with said planar bottom surfaces being substantially defined by the portions 141a, 142a of plate-like member 12 whereon there are mounted the light sources 141, 142, and by the regions of the plate-like member 12 surrounding such portions); said planar bottom surface is surrounded by respective peripheral surfaces.
  • each recess/cavity 221, 222 includes four planar faces, respectively denoted as 241a, 241b, 241c, 241d (which surround surface 141a) and 242a, 242b, 242c and 242d (which surround surface 142a).
  • the light radiation of sources 141 and 142 is projected from the lamp body 10 (in a generally radial direction with respect to axis X10 - and horizontally, considering the possible mounting condition on a support/reflector P as exemplified in Figure 2 ), while being adapted to pass through respective light-permeable portions (the openings or windows 261, 261 in the presently shown examples) provided at the bottom of the recesses/cavities 221, 222.
  • the light radiation directly emitted by sources 141, 142 i.e. the light radiation which is not reflected on faces 241a-d, 242a-d
  • the light radiation directly emitted by sources 141, 142 is mainly responsible for the direct lighting in point 50L and generally in the zones Z III, Z IV and Z I (see Figure 1 for reference).
  • This zones are destined to implement "light in the foreground” and therefore, in the application to an automotive lamp, to illuminate the road.
  • the radiation reflected on faces 241a-d and 242a-d is a sort of indirect lighting, which is adapted to satisfy the low candela requirements of the points above cut-off.
  • the optical properties of said faces may influence the amount of reflected, transmitted and absorbed light.
  • one or more embodiments may envisage acting on the reflectivity properties both of faces 241a-d and 242a-d and of surfaces 141a, 142a (solder mask, for example) which host the LED light generators of arrays 141, 142.
  • the level of diffused reflectivity is (significantly) higher than the level of specular reflectivity; this may be achieved e.g. by implementing, in the cavities defined by recesses 221, 222:
  • the achievement of such characteristics may involve an intervention on the optical properties, e.g. by acting:
  • the plate-like member 12 may be coated, at least on parts 141a, 142a, with a black material, while faces 241a-d and 242a-d are white, so as to obtain a distribution of diffused light and a low amount of stray light.
  • the solder mask provided on the plate-like member 12 (which hosts the light sources 141, 142) is black, it is possible to reduce the phenomenon of light recycling and of glaring at point HV (0,0), with the faces 241a-d and 242a-d exhibiting, as mentioned in the foregoing, a behaviour of mainly diffused reflectivity.
  • regulating the reflectivity level may involve achieving a synthesis of diffused reflectivity and specular reflectivity, given that a high, nearly mirroring reflectivity may be useful to protect the lamp material from degradation phenomena due e.g. to the blue component of the light radiation, while also supporting a good thermal insulation.
  • galvanic deposition which facilitates the deposition of metal coatings by immersion in a solution where a reduction-oxidation reaction takes place.
  • such a solution may offer the advantage of facilitating the deposition of coating in different areas of the geometry, without the need to employ masks.
  • the side surface of the cavities defined by recesses 221, 222 consists almost completely of faces 241a-d and 242a-d, which practically extend from the contour or edge of the openings or windows 261, 262 (light-permeable regions) to the external contour of recesses 221, 222.
  • the faces 241a-d and 242a-d may be considered as comprising:
  • the pair of longitudinal planar faces (i.e. pair 241a-b or pair 242a-b) comprises a first longitudinal face 241a or 242a and a second longitudinal face 241b or 242b.
  • the linear LED array 141 or 142 extending between said faces is placed closer to the second longitudinal face, 241b or 242b, than to the first longitudinal face, 241a or 242a.
  • the distance between the array 141 or 142 and the second longitudinal face, 241b or 242b is shorter than the distance between the array 141 or 142 and the first longitudinal face, 231a or 242a.
  • said result may be achieved (once again, and again by way of example only, see Figure 4 or Figure 6 ) by arranging the LED array 141, 142 centered or substantially centered (with the longitudinal midline thereof) with the (optical) axis X10, and by forming the first longitudinal faces 241a or 242a and the second longitudinal faces 241b or 242b in a laterally offset position with respect to axis X10 (or, more precisely, with respect to a diametrical plane of the lamp body that passes through axis X10 and is transversal to the plate-like member or substrate 12), i.e., for example, with the light permeable regions 261, 262 (see Figure 3 ) which are laterally offset with respect to said axis/plane.
  • the first longitudinal face 241a or 242a may have a surface area which is smaller than the surface area of the second longitudinal face 241a or 241b.
  • first longitudinal face 241a or 242a may be narrower than the second longitudinal face 241b or 242b, albeit having substantially the same length in the direction of axis X10.
  • Such solutions as exemplified herein may be advantageous, for example, if the lamp 10 is used as an automotive low-beam light, because they enable orienting the light beam emitted by the lamp in such a way that, once it has been reflected on the associated reflector (see for instance P in Figure 2 ), the beam may be directed downwards, as it is required in a low-beam lamp.
  • the pair of transversal planar faces comprises a first transversal face, 241c or 242c, towards the front end 10b of the lamp body, and a second transversal face, 241d or 242d, towards the rear base end 10a of the lamp body.
  • the first transversal face, 241c or 242c has a surface area which is (much) smaller than the surface area of the second transversal face 241d or 242d.
  • the second transversal face, 241d or 242d, of the pair of transversal planar faces 241c-d, 242c-d is fingernail-shaped.
  • this characteristic may be due to the fact that the side cavities defined by recesses 221, 222 extend between a first and a second circular cross-sectional plane of the lamp body (said planes being respectively denoted as T1 and T2 in Figure 4 ), with the first transversal face 241c or 242c adjacent the first cross-sectional plane T1 and the second transversal face 241d or 242d adjacent the second cross-sectional plane T2, with the lamp body being formed by the complementary pieces 161, 162 and by member 12 sandwiched therebetween, which is radially wider at the second cross-sectional plane T2 than at the first cross-sectional plane T1.
  • the planar bottom faces of the lateral recesses 221, 222 are parallel to a diametrical plane of the lamp body (the plane denoted as D10 in Figures 5 and 6 , which will be vertically oriented in the mounting condition exemplified in Figure 2 ) which extends along the longitudinal direction of axis X10 passing through the narrowed portion of the lamp body, which is arranged between the lateral cavities of the body itself, defined by the recesses 221, 222.
  • the diametrical plane D10 therefore substantially coincides, in the presently considered examples, with the lying plane of plate-like member 12.
  • the lateral recesses 221, 222 are mirror-symmetrical with respect to said diametrical plane D10. It is recalled that "mirror symmetry" is the property of geometrical figures in which corresponding points are aligned on opposed sides at the same distance from a plane which is known as symmetry plane.
  • the first longitudinal planar face, 241a or 242a, and the second longitudinal planar face, 241b, 242b lie on planes which form, with respect to said diametrical plane D10, externally of the recess, angles ⁇ having the same value, approximately amounting to 10°.
  • the second value ⁇ is different from, optionally smaller than, the first value ⁇ .
  • said first value ⁇ and said second value ⁇ respectively amount approximately to 85° and approximately to 21,5°.
  • the LED arrays having a length A in the direction of axis X10 (see Figure 4 ), to be located at a distance B from the reference plane RP defined by the mounting member 20, with the plane RP which may be seen as placed in the bottom plane of reflector P in which lamp 10 may be mounted (see e.g. Figure 1 ), with distance B (measured at the end of the array which faces towards plane RP) which is several times longer, e.g. approximately 5 times longer, than length A.
  • distance B may approximately amount to 25 mm.
  • one or more embodiments aim at facilitating achieving a desired value of the light distribution intensity in the so-called Zone III (Z III) according to the ECE R112 Regulation, e.g. as regards the points P1 + P2 + P3, P4 + P5 + P6, P7 and P8 (see Figure 1 ).
  • the flux intensity in this area above cut-off should be desirably adapted to achieve a good visibility at 25 m to 50 m on the road: such aspects may be significant, for example, in the implementation of low-beam lamps of the type H7, e.g. in retrofit applications, where it is desired to emulate the behaviour of conventional filament lamps, which implement a cylindrical distribution of the light around the lamp.
  • One or more embodiments may specifically tackle the problems connected with light passing above cut-off, in order to achieve the illumination of the points in Zone III without originating glaring around point HV (0,0), thus facilitating achieving compliance with specifications such as ECE R112 Regulation, by having the LED light distribution operate in two different modes: as direct light, where this is required for safety reasons, and as indirect/reflected light, for the points above cut-off, which are adapted to illuminate e.g. road panels.
  • One or more embodiments may employ coatings having different optical properties, e.g. having characteristics of diffusivity/specularity in the vicinity of the light source, while having a dark colour (black) in other areas. Beside contributing to comply with specifications, one or more embodiments enable achieving a significant increase of light intensity in the zones Z III, Z IV and Z1 by employing LEDs which are currently available on the market (e.g. LEDs of the type LUXEON Z-ES), while for the rest resorting to current galvanic deposition and material moulding processes.
  • LEDs which are currently available on the market (e.g. LEDs of the type LUXEON Z-ES), while for the rest resorting to current galvanic deposition and material moulding processes.
  • One or more embodiments may adopt, in order to achieve performance emulating a conventional filament lamp, linear arrays of e.g. three LEDs, the possibility being given to increase the light intensity above cut-off without originating glaring, e.g. when a lamp as exemplified herein is mounted as a retrofit lamp to replace a conventional incandescent lamp, with further advantages as regards frontal observation by an external observer.
  • Figure 7 is a diagram representing a light intensity distribution which may be obtained with a lamp 10 according to one or more embodiments, which may be used in a mounting condition on a vehicle (reflector P) as exemplified in Figure 2 with reference to a low beam lamp.
  • the scales on the X-axis and on the Y-axis indicate angles (in degrees) representative of the projection direction of the light beam.
  • FIG. 7 shows isocandela lines with respective values in candelas (cd) corresponding to 25000, 10000, 5000, 2500, 1000 and 400 cd.
  • the region R1 encircled by dash-dotted lines refers to points below HV (0,0) and the region R2 encircled by dotted lines refers to light directed upwards.
  • An automotive lamp (e.g. 10) for a vehicle may therefore comprise:
  • the first longitudinal face may have a surface area smaller than the surface area of the second longitudinal face.
  • said second transversal face in said pair of transversal planar faces may have arcuate boundaries, that is, may be fingernail-shaped.
  • said lateral recesses may extend between a first (e.g. T1) and a second (e.g. T2) circular cross-sectional planes of the lamp body, with said first transversal face adjacent the first cross-sectional plane and the second transversal face adjacent the second cross-sectional plane.
  • the lamp body may be radially larger at the second cross-sectional plane than at the first cross-sectional plane.
  • planar bottom surfaces of the lateral recesses may be parallel to a diametrical plane (e.g. D10) of the lamp body extending along said longitudinal direction through said narrowed body portion.
  • said lateral recesses may be mirror-symmetrical with respect to said diametrical plane.
  • first longitudinal planar face e.g. 241a, 242a
  • second longitudinal planar face e.g. 241b, 242b
  • first and second angles e.g. ⁇
  • first longitudinal planar face and the second longitudinal planar face in said pair of longitudinal planar faces may lie in planes inclined with respect to said diametrical plane at first and second angles of approximately 10 degrees, measured externally of the recess.
  • said first value and said second value may be amount approximately to 21,5° and approximately to 85°, respectively.
  • said respective peripheral surfaces and said respective planar bottom surfaces may exhibit both diffused and specular light reflectivity.
  • said respective peripheral surfaces and said respective planar bottom surfaces may exhibit diffused light reflectivity values higher than specular light reflectivity values.
  • said respective peripheral surfaces may exhibit a total light reflectivity higher than the total light reflectivity of said respective planar bottom surfaces.
  • a lamp as exemplified herein may comprise a sculptured heat-dissipative structure at said back end of the lamp body.
  • said solid-state light radiation sources may comprise LED light sources, optionally top-emitting light sources.
  • a method of using a lamp as exemplified herein may comprise mounting (e.g. with member 20) the lamp on a vehicle (e.g. on a support/reflector P) with said respective planar bottom surfaces arranged vertically and said respective light-reflective peripheral surfaces surrounding said planar bottom surfaces having said second longitudinal face placed higher than said first longitudinal face (see for instance Figure 2 ).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
EP20209701.0A 2019-12-17 2020-11-25 Lampe et procédé correspondant Active EP3839322B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102019000024226A IT201900024226A1 (it) 2019-12-17 2019-12-17 Lampada e corrispondente procedimento

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EP3839322B1 EP3839322B1 (fr) 2022-05-04

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CN (1) CN112984460B (fr)
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Also Published As

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IT201900024226A1 (it) 2021-06-17
EP3839322B1 (fr) 2022-05-04
CN112984460A (zh) 2021-06-18
CN112984460B (zh) 2024-05-31

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