EP3837483A1 - Sous-système de recyclage de gaz d'évaporation dans des installations de liquéfaction de gaz naturel - Google Patents

Sous-système de recyclage de gaz d'évaporation dans des installations de liquéfaction de gaz naturel

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Publication number
EP3837483A1
EP3837483A1 EP19749958.5A EP19749958A EP3837483A1 EP 3837483 A1 EP3837483 A1 EP 3837483A1 EP 19749958 A EP19749958 A EP 19749958A EP 3837483 A1 EP3837483 A1 EP 3837483A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
line
lng
subsystem
bog
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19749958.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Brett L. Ryberg
Stephen Wright
Kenichi TADANO
Naoki Watanabe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
Original Assignee
ExxonMobil Upstream Research Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ExxonMobil Upstream Research Co filed Critical ExxonMobil Upstream Research Co
Publication of EP3837483A1 publication Critical patent/EP3837483A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F25J1/0025—Boil-off gases "BOG" from storages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J1/0229—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock
    • F25J1/023—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock for the combustion as fuels, i.e. integration with the fuel gas system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0269—Arrangement of liquefaction units or equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple "trains" concept
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/04—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by preventing the formation of continuous films of condensate on heat-exchange surfaces, e.g. by promoting droplet formation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/02—Multiple feed streams, e.g. originating from different sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/60—Natural gas or synthetic natural gas [SNG]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/90—Boil-off gas from storage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/08—Cold compressor, i.e. suction of the gas at cryogenic temperature and generally without afterstage-cooler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/30—Compression of the feed stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/60—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being hydrocarbons or a mixture of hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/90—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being boil-off gas from storage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/62—Details of storing a fluid in a tank

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates generally to the subsystem for and methods related to recycling liquefied natural gas (LNG) boil-off gas (BOG) in natural gas liquefaction plants.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • BOG boil-off gas
  • a commonly used technique for non-pipeline transport of gas involves liquefying the gas at or near the production site and then transporting the liquefied natural gas to market in specially-designed storage tanks aboard transport vessels.
  • the natural gas is cooled and condensed to a liquid state to produce liquefied natural gas (“LNG”) at substantially atmospheric pressure and at temperatures of about -162 °C (-260 °F), thereby significantly increasing the amount of gas that can be stored in a storage tank, which can be on-site or aboard a transport vessel.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • Additional storage tank LNG BOG is created by: (i) energy input to the LNG by the rundown pumps that provide sufficient pressure to effect LNG transfer from the flash tank to the storage tank; (ii) heat leak through the insulation on the LNG rundown line; (iii) heat leak through the insulation on the LNG loading and recirculation line; and (iv) energy input to the stored LNG by the recirculation pump(s).
  • This LNG BOG is typically recovered and compressed for use as fuel gas within the plant area.
  • U. S. Pat. No. 3,857,245 discloses a process of condensing a nitrogen- containing boil-off in which LNG is injected into the nitrogen-containing boil-off vapor and the combined mixture is then condensed. The injection of the LNG into the nitrogen-containing boil-off increases the volume of vapor that must be reliquefied.
  • U. S. Pat. No. 6,192,705 discloses a process of passing boil-off through a heat exchanger followed by compressing and cooling stages, and then recycling the boil-off back through the heat exchanger.
  • the compressed, cooled, and then heated boil-off is subsequently expanded and passed to a gas-liquid separator for removal of liquefied boil-off.
  • the liquefied boil-off is then combined with a second liquefied gas stream to produce a desired product stream.
  • This disclosure relates generally to the subsystem for and methods related to recycling LNG BOG in natural gas liquefaction plants. More specifically, the present disclosure utilized a bi-directional line to allow LNG BOG to be directed for liquefaction in a recycle mode or be directed for fuel gas in a fuel mode. Such methods and subsystems may advantageously provide a simple solution to using LNG BOG that brings value to the operator with a simple, straightforward implementation design.
  • a natural gas liquefaction plant can comprise: a feed gas line fluidly connected to a liquefaction subsystem to supply feed gas to the liquefaction subsystem; a LNG line fluidly connecting the liquefaction subsystem to one or more LNG tanks to supply LNG from the liquefaction subsystem to the one or more LNG tanks; a EFG line fluidly connecting the liquefaction subsystem to a fuel gas subsystem to supply EFG from the liquefaction subsystem to a fuel gas subsystem; a LNG BOG header fluidly connecting the one or more LNG tanks to a compressor to supply LNG BOG from the one or more LNG tanks to the compressor; a compressed LNG BOG line fluidly connecting compressor to a fuel gas line and a bidirectional line; the fuel gas line fluidly connecting the compressed LNG BOG line and the bidirectional line to the fuel gas subsystem; the bidirectional line fluidly connecting the feed gas line to the fuel gas line and fluidly connecting the compressed LNG BOG line to the feed gas line; wherein when in recycle mode
  • a method of operating a natural gas liquefaction plant comprising: supplying a feed gas to a liquefaction subsystem; liquefying the natural gas to produce LNG and EFG; compressing the EFG to compressed EFG; using the compressed EFG as fuel gas; storing the LNG in one or more LNG tanks; compressing LNG BOG from the one or more LNG tanks to produce compressed LNG BOG; either (1) operating in recycle mode by supplying at least a portion of the compressed LNG BOG to the feed gas via a bidirectional line or (2) operating in fuel mode by (a) supplying a portion of the feed gas to the fuel gas via the bidirectional line and (b) supplying the compressed LNG BOG to the fuel gas.
  • FIG. 1 is an illustrative diagram of a portion in a natural gas liquefaction plant.
  • FIG. 2 is an illustrative flow diagram of the subsystems of an example natural gas liquefaction plant.
  • This disclosure relates generally to the subsystem for and methods related to recycling liquefied natural gas (LNG) boil-off gas (BOG) in natural gas liquefaction plants. More specifically, the present disclosure utilized a bi-directional line to allow LNG BOG to be directed for liquefaction in a recycle mode or be directed for fuel gas in a fuel mode.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • BOG boil-off gas
  • FIG. 1 is an illustrative diagram of a portion 100 of a natural gas liquefaction plant.
  • the portion 100 includes a feed gas line 102 fluidly connected to a liquefaction subsystem 104 to supply feed gas to the liquefaction subsystem 104.
  • the feed gas is natural gas having undergone the necessary treatments to be suitable for liquefaction.
  • the treatments depend on the composition of the natural gas (e.g., sulfur, water, and mercury content) and can include, but are not limited to, condensate removal, acid gas removal, dehydration, mercury removal, heavy-hydrocarbon removal, and combinations thereof.
  • the line when describing a line that fluidly connects two components, the line is used as a general term to encompass the line or lines that fluidly connect the two components and the other hardware like pumps, connectors, heat exchangers, and valves that may be installed along the line.
  • the liquefaction subsystem 104 liquefies the natural gas to produce LNG at substantially ambient pressure.
  • substantially ambient pressure refers to ambient pressure ⁇ 5 bar gauge (barg).
  • Liquefaction subsystems are known in the art and can have several different configurations. Typically, liquefaction subsystems include one or more heat exchangers, an expansion valve or hydraulic turbine, one or more pumps, and a separator. Examples of liquefaction subsystems include, but are not limited to, those described in U. S. Patent Nos. 5,916,260 and 6,658,892, U. S. Patent Application No. 2007/0193303 and PCT International Application No. WO2011/109117, each of which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the feed gas can be at about 55 barg (about 798 psi gauge (psig)) to about 70 barg (about 1,015 psig) as introduced to the liquefaction subsystem 104.
  • the feed gas is typically passed from a cryogenic heat exchanger system across an expansion valve or hydraulic turbine (i.e.“flashed”) before it is passed into a separator (i.e., the flash tank).
  • a cryogenic heat exchanger system across an expansion valve or hydraulic turbine (i.e.“flashed”) before it is passed into a separator (i.e., the flash tank).
  • EFG end-flash gas
  • LNG is removed from the flash tank and is pumped from the liquefaction subsystem 104 on to an LNG storage tank 108 via an LNG line 106 that fluidly couples the liquefaction subsystem 104 and the LNG storage tank 108.
  • the EFG is removed from the flash tank in the liquefaction subsystem 104 and pumped to an EFG compressor 112 via an EFG line 110 that fluidly couples the liquefaction subsystem 104 and the EFG compressor 112.
  • the EFG compressor 112 compresses the EFG to produce compressed EFG at a pressure of about 55 barg (about 798 psig) to about 70 barg (about 1,015 psig).
  • the compressed EFG is supplied to a fuel gas subsystem 116 via compressed EFG line 114 that fluidly couples the EFG compressor 112 and the fuel gas subsystem 116.
  • the fuel gas subsystem 116 provides fuel gas to various components of the natural gas liquefaction plant.
  • LNG in the LNG storage tank 108 vaporizes to LNG BOG over time due at least in part to heat from the surrounding environment warming the LNG.
  • the LNG BOG is captured in an LNG BOG header 118 that fluidly couples the LNG storage tank 108 to an LNG BOG compressor 120.
  • the LNG BOG compressor 120 compresses the LNG BOG to produce compressed LNG BOG at a pressure of about 55 barg (about 798 psig) to about 70 barg (about 1,015 psig).
  • a compressed LNG BOG line 122 fluidly couples the LNG BOG compressor 120 to a fuel gas line 124 and a bidirectional line 126.
  • Compressed LNG BOG is supplied to the fuel gas line 124 in an amount needed to supply or augment the supply of fuel gas needed to run the natural gas liquefaction plant. This can be all of the compressed LNG BOG, some of the compressed LNG BOG, or none of the compressed LNG BOG.
  • the excess compressed LNG BOG is conveyed to the feed gas line 102 via the bidirectional line 126 in the flow direction of arrow A.
  • the excess compressed LNG BOG is entrained with the feed gas for liquefaction. This configuration in flow direction A is referred to herein as being in“recycle mode.”
  • methods of the present disclosure can include supplying a feed gas to a liquefaction subsystem; liquefying the feed gas, which may be natural gas, to produce LNG and EFG; compressing the EFG to compressed EFG; using the compressed EFG as fuel gas; storing the LNG in one or more LNG tanks; compressing LNG BOG from the one or more LNG tanks to produce compressed LNG BOG; and either (1) operating in a recycle mode by supplying at least a portion of the compressed LNG BOG to the feed gas via a bidirectional line or (2) operating in a fuel mode by (a) supplying a portion of the feed gas to the fuel gas via the bidirectional line and (b) supplying the compressed LNG BOG to the fuel gas.
  • operating in recycle mode can further include supplying at least a portion of the compressed LNG BOG to the fuel gas.
  • Fuel demand at a natural gas liquefaction plant varies depending on the processes running. For example, typically several liquefaction subsystems 104 are operating in parallel. When some are off-line for maintenance or because supply or demand is low, the compressed EFG may be sufficient to supply the fuel gas needs of the plant. In such instances a portion of or none of the compressed LNG BOG may be needed to augment the supply of compressed EFG. In such instances, the portion 100 may operate in recycle mode.
  • the natural gas liquefaction plant may be operating several liquefaction subsystems 104 in parallel such that the combined amount of the compressed EFG and the compressed LNG BOG are insufficient to provide the amount fuel gas needed to operate the plant.
  • the portion 100 may operate in fuel mode.
  • the natural gas supply may have a low concentration of nitrogen, which results in lower amounts of EFG. Consequently, the portion 100 may operate in fuel mode more often than if the natural gas supply had a moderate to high concentration of nitrogen.
  • the feed gas, the compressed LNG BOG, and the compressed EFG can each individually be at a pressure of about 55 barg (about 798 psig) to about 75 barg (about 1,088 psig), or about 58 barg (about 841 psig) to about 72 barg (about 1,044 psig), or about 60 barg (about 870 psig) to about 70 barg (about 1,015 psig), or about 62 barg (about 899 psig) to about 68 barg (about 986 psig).
  • FIG. 2 is an illustrative flow diagram of the subsystems 230 of an example natural gas liquefaction plant. In alternate embodiments, some of the subsystems 230 can be eliminated or bypassed, the subsystems 230 can be reordered, and/or additional subsystems 230 can be included.
  • a natural gas supply 232 is provided to a gas receiving subsystem 234 and transported to a condensate removal subsystem 236.
  • the condensate removal subsystem 236 extracts unstabilized condensate 238, which is transported to a condensate stabilization subsystem 240.
  • the product from the condensate removal subsystem 236 is then treated through an acid gas removal subsystem 242, a dehydration subsystem 244, a mercury removal subsystem 246, and a precooling subsystem 248 before removal of heavy hydrocarbons 252 in the heavy-hydrocarbon removal subsystem 250.
  • the heavy hydrocarbons 252 can be fractionated in a fractionation subsystem 254 into stabilized condensate 256, natural gas liquids 258 (NGL) (e.g., ethane, propane, butanes, and heavier hydrocarbons), and methane 260.
  • NGL natural gas liquids 258
  • the stabilized condensate 256 can be transported to a condensate storage subsystem 262, which is where the stabilized condensate 264 from the condensate stabilization subsystem 240 is also stored.
  • the NGL 258 can be transported to a NGL storage subsystem 266.
  • the methane 260 can be transported to a refrigeration subsystem 268 the cooled methane can be combined with the feed gas 270 product of the heavy- hydrocarbon removal subsystem 250.
  • the feed gas 270 is provided to the liquefaction subsystem 272.
  • the EFG 274 is compressed and transported to a fuel gas subsystem 276.
  • the LNG 278 produced in the liquefaction subsystem 272 can be stored in an LNG storage subsystem 280.
  • the LNG BOG 282 from the LNG storage subsystem 280 can be compressed.
  • at least a portion of the LNG BOG 282 can be transported via a bidirectional line 284 to be entrained with feed gas 270.
  • the LNG BOG 282 can be transported to the fuel gas subsystem 276 along with a portion of the feed gas 270 via the bidirectional line 284 according to flow arrows B.
  • the LNG in the LNG storage subsystem 280 can be transferred to transportation vessels 286 (e.g., tanker trucks, tanker railcars, and ships).
  • transportation vessels 286 e.g., tanker trucks, tanker railcars, and ships.
  • Methods of the present disclosure can include treating a natural gas supply by one or more methods to produce the feed gas for liquefaction, the one or more methods being selected from the group consisting of: condensate removal, acid gas removal, dehydration, mercury removal, precooling, heavy-hydrocarbon removal, and combinations thereof.
  • compositions and methods are described herein in terms of“comprising” various components or steps, the compositions and methods can also“consist essentially of’ or“consist of’ the various components and steps.
  • compositions and methods are described in terms of“comprising,”“containing,” or“including” various components or steps, the compositions and methods can also“consist essentially of’ or“consist of’ the various components and steps. All numbers and ranges disclosed above may vary by some amount. Whenever a numerical range with a lower limit and an upper limit is disclosed, any number and any included range falling within the range is specifically disclosed. In particular, every range of values (of the form,“from about a to about b,” or, equivalently, “from approximately a to b,” or, equivalently, “from approximately a-b”) disclosed herein is to be understood to set forth every number and range encompassed within the broader range of values.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de recyclage d'un gaz d'évaporation (BOG selon l'abréviation anglo-saxonne) d'un gaz naturel liquéfié (GNL) dans des installations de liquéfaction de gaz naturel, le procédé pouvant consister : à alimenter en gaz d'alimentation un sous-système de liquéfaction ; à liquéfier le gaz d'alimentation afin de produire du GNL et une vapeur instantanée d'extrémité (EFG selon l'abréviation anglo-saxonne) ; à comprimer la EFG afin d'obtenir une EFG comprimée ; à utiliser la EFG comprimée comme gaz combustible ; à stocker le GNL dans un ou plusieurs réservoirs de GNL ; à comprimer le BOG du GNL en provenance du ou des réservoirs de GNL afin de produire du BOG de GNL comprimé ; soit (1) à effectuer un fonctionnement en mode de recyclage au moyen de l'alimentation d'au moins une partie du BOG de GNL comprimé au gaz d'alimentation par l'intermédiaire d'une conduite bidirectionnelle, soit (2) à effectuer un fonctionnement en mode combustible à l'aide de (a) l'alimentation d'une partie du gaz d'alimentation au gaz combustible par l'intermédiaire de la conduite bidirectionnelle et de (b) l'alimentation du BOG de GNL comprimé au gaz combustible.
EP19749958.5A 2018-08-14 2019-07-23 Sous-système de recyclage de gaz d'évaporation dans des installations de liquéfaction de gaz naturel Pending EP3837483A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201862718742P 2018-08-14 2018-08-14
PCT/US2019/043021 WO2020036712A1 (fr) 2018-08-14 2019-07-23 Sous-système de recyclage de gaz d'évaporation dans des installations de liquéfaction de gaz naturel

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3837483A1 true EP3837483A1 (fr) 2021-06-23

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19749958.5A Pending EP3837483A1 (fr) 2018-08-14 2019-07-23 Sous-système de recyclage de gaz d'évaporation dans des installations de liquéfaction de gaz naturel

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20200056838A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3837483A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP7204888B2 (fr)
AU (1) AU2019320723B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA3108849C (fr)
SG (1) SG11202100466XA (fr)
WO (1) WO2020036712A1 (fr)

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GB1472533A (en) 1973-06-27 1977-05-04 Petrocarbon Dev Ltd Reliquefaction of boil-off gas from a ships cargo of liquefied natural gas
MY113525A (en) 1995-10-05 2002-03-30 Bhp Petroleum Pty Ltd Liquefaction process
MY117068A (en) 1998-10-23 2004-04-30 Exxon Production Research Co Reliquefaction of pressurized boil-off from pressurized liquid natural gas
US6658892B2 (en) 2002-01-30 2003-12-09 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Processes and systems for liquefying natural gas
MXPA06014854A (es) 2004-06-18 2008-03-11 Exxonmobil Upstream Res Co Planta de gas natural licuado de capacidad escalable.
US20090031754A1 (en) 2006-04-22 2009-02-05 Ebara International Corporation Method and apparatus to improve overall efficiency of lng liquefaction systems
CA2732653C (fr) 2008-09-08 2014-10-14 Conocophillips Company Systeme pour la separation de constituant non condensable dans une installation de gaz naturel liquefie
GB2469077A (en) * 2009-03-31 2010-10-06 Dps Bristol Process for the offshore liquefaction of a natural gas feed
AU2011221562B2 (en) 2010-03-05 2016-04-14 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Flexible liquefied natural gas plant
EP2789957A1 (fr) 2013-04-11 2014-10-15 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Procédé de liquéfaction d'un flux de gaz contenant des hydrocarbures contaminés
US9709325B2 (en) 2013-11-25 2017-07-18 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Integration of a small scale liquefaction unit with an LNG plant to convert end flash gas and boil-off gas to incremental LNG
TWI707115B (zh) * 2015-04-10 2020-10-11 美商圖表能源與化學有限公司 混合製冷劑液化系統和方法
WO2018152481A1 (fr) * 2017-02-20 2018-08-23 Atlas Copco Comptec, Llc Système de reliquéfaction partielle

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Publication number Publication date
US20200056838A1 (en) 2020-02-20
CA3108849C (fr) 2023-05-23
JP2021534358A (ja) 2021-12-09
AU2019320723A1 (en) 2021-02-18
WO2020036712A1 (fr) 2020-02-20
SG11202100466XA (en) 2021-02-25
AU2019320723B2 (en) 2023-01-12
JP7204888B2 (ja) 2023-01-16
CA3108849A1 (fr) 2020-02-20

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