EP3837075A1 - Bohrerspitze und verfahren zur herstellung einer bohrerspitze - Google Patents
Bohrerspitze und verfahren zur herstellung einer bohrerspitzeInfo
- Publication number
- EP3837075A1 EP3837075A1 EP19742561.4A EP19742561A EP3837075A1 EP 3837075 A1 EP3837075 A1 EP 3837075A1 EP 19742561 A EP19742561 A EP 19742561A EP 3837075 A1 EP3837075 A1 EP 3837075A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cutting edge
- drill tip
- taper
- center
- inner section
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
- B23B51/02—Twist drills
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
- B23B2251/04—Angles, e.g. cutting angles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
- B23B2251/08—Side or plan views of cutting edges
- B23B2251/082—Curved cutting edges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
- B23B2251/08—Side or plan views of cutting edges
- B23B2251/085—Discontinuous or interrupted cutting edges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
- B23B2251/14—Configuration of the cutting part, i.e. the main cutting edges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
- B23B2251/18—Configuration of the drill point
Definitions
- the invention relates to a drill tip and a method for producing such a drill tip.
- a drill is a rotary tool for the exciting machining of a workpiece.
- a drill has a drill tip on the front, which has a number of cutting edges for material processing. When the drill rotates in one direction of rotation, the cutting edges on the workpiece lift off chips, which are then usually transported away via flutes in the drill.
- a drill In the center, a drill typically has a cross cutting edge, which is followed by several main cutting edges. The chisel edge itself usually does not have a cutting effect, but only serves to displace material from the center.
- centering which indicates how much a drill is influenced by transverse forces and deviates from an ideal rotation around the axis of rotation during operation, is of particular importance for a drill.
- Inadequate centering in operation means that the drill can sometimes move out of the way in an uncontrolled manner and thereby experience an increased mechanical load. This disadvantageously reduces the service life of the drill.
- the centering is largely dependent on the specific design of the cutting edges and above all on the size of the cross cutting edge, which, as described, does not contribute to the cutting performance.
- Chip formation in the drill is also important. For example, the formation of many small chips can be distinguished from the formation of only one long chip on a particular cutting edge. Chip formation is also significantly influenced by the specific design of the cutting edges.
- the drill tip is in particular part of a drill.
- the drill tip is an integral part of the drill and as such is monolithically connected to a shank.
- the drill tip is a separate part and is designed here as an insert which can be inserted into a carrier, so that the carrier and the drill tip then together form a modular drill.
- the drill tip rotates around an axis of rotation, which is also an axis of rotation of the drill as a whole which also corresponds to a longitudinal axis of the drill tip.
- the drill tip rotates in one direction of rotation during operation.
- the drill tip has a center in which a cross cutting edge is arranged. When the drill tip is viewed from the front along the axis of rotation, the center is thus in the center and also includes the axis of rotation.
- the drill, and in particular the drill tip has in particular a number of flutes which define the center as the area which lies centrally between the flutes.
- the center is usually circular and has a radius which corresponds to a radius of the drill tip or the entire drill less a flute depth.
- the center is also called the core.
- the drill tip also has a main cutting edge, which adjoins the cross cutting edge and runs outwards from the center.
- the drill tip has several, i.e. at least two main cutting edges, each of which extends outward from the transverse cutting edge.
- the drill tip has exactly two main cutting edges.
- Embodiments with a different number of main cutting edges and in principle also with only one main cutting edge are also possible and suitable.
- the main cutting edges and the transverse cutting edge together form a cutting geometry of the drill tip.
- the main cutting edges and the transverse cutting edge are also briefly referred to as cutting edges.
- Each of the cutting edges is adjoined by a surface which points in the direction of rotation and via which a chip that may have been generated is removed.
- the orientation of this surface relative to the workpiece is characterized by the so-called chip angle.
- the rake angle determines in particular the ease of cutting of the respective cutting edge.
- a rake angle is thus formed along the transverse cutting edge and the main cutting edge, which can in principle also assume different values at different points along the cutting edges, depending on the design of the cutting edges.
- the main cutting edge is divided into two sections.
- the main cutting edge has an inner section which, in the present case, adjoins the transverse cutting edge and which is arranged inside the center, and furthermore the main cutting edge has an outer section which adjoins the inner section towards the outside and which is outside the Center is arranged.
- the transition from the inner section to the outer section thus also defines or marks the center of the drill tip, so that the inner section is on the inside and the outer section is on the outside. This results in particular from the fact that the inner section is produced during production by means of a taper through which material is removed in the center, so that the cross cutting edge is shortened and the main cutting edge is lengthened and introduced into the center.
- the outer section extends outwards in particular up to a lateral surface of the drill tip.
- the drill tip continues to have a point, i.e. A point is formed on the tip of the drill.
- the point is located in the center.
- the taper serves to shorten the cross cutting edge, so it is ground in at the front during manufacture to shorten the cross cutting edge.
- the main cutting edge is extended accordingly.
- the taper is also curved in such a way that the inner section runs in an arc shape from an outer edge of the center toward the transverse cutting edge.
- the point is therefore a curved point.
- the curved taper thus has a first curvature, which is in particular designed such that the
- Axial curvature and is therefore also referred to as axial curvature.
- the tapering therefore curves in particular around an axis which runs parallel to or corresponds to the axis of rotation.
- the tapering is thus quasi curved in the circumferential direction.
- the taper is radially curved, that is to say is curved about an axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation.
- the first curvature and thus at the same time the taper generally has a first radius of curvature, which in particular indicates the radius with which the taper is preferably curved in the circumferential direction runs.
- the first radius of curvature corresponds to a radius of the inner section.
- the first radius of curvature is expediently between 5% and 40% of a diameter of the drill tip.
- the first radius of curvature is either constant or varies along the curvature.
- the described curvature of the taper automatically results in an arcuate course of the main cutting edge in the center, so that the inner section is also formed when the taper is formed.
- a major advantage is that the main cutting edge is guided particularly far into the center due to the curved shape and the cross cutting edge is correspondingly shortened accordingly. This results in an advantageously particularly short cross cutting edge, as a result of which the drill tip has a particularly good centering. The risk of lateral pulling out during operation is significantly reduced. As a result, the overall service life of the drill tip is advantageously increased.
- the correspondingly lengthened main cutting edge results in a cutting effect far into the center, so that during operation, a single and particularly long and advantageously spiral-shaped chip is generated instead of a large number of short chips.
- the particularly long main cutting edge and its arcuate design in the center significantly improve chip formation in the center. This also contributes to a more stable concentricity of the drill tip and thus to improved centering. Overall, the arc-shaped main cutting edge and the advantageously shortened cross cutting edge result in a particularly stable center. In addition, the tapering provides an additional chip space in which chips are picked up during operation.
- the thinning is in particular designed as a continuous and continuous surface, ie does not itself contain any discontinuous transitions or edges or steps, but is rather smooth overall.
- edges are fundamentally possible as a transition to neighboring other surfaces such as a flute or an open surface.
- a flute is formed in front, that is in the direction of rotation in front of the main cutting edge. This follows the main cutting edge, more precisely the outer section, whereas the inner section is followed by the taper, which finally leads a chip into the flute.
- the flute is used to convey a chip which is lifted by the main cutting edge.
- the flute is usually designed to be spiral and extends from front to back, so that a chip is correspondingly conveyed axially backwards.
- a free area is formed on the other side of the main cutting edge, that is to say opposite the flute, that is to say in the circumferential direction behind the main cutting edge and this trailing in operation.
- the free area generally points forward towards the workpiece. With a workpiece or an imaginary plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation, the free space encloses a clearance angle.
- a flute and a free surface are preferably formed for each main cutting edge of the drill tip, which surround the main cutting edge accordingly.
- the inner section is generally arcuate, i.e. the inner section follows an arcuate course. Basically, two variants are possible and advantageous. In a first variant, the inner section is continuously arcuate, in a second variant it is not continuous but, on the contrary, is bent in an arcuate manner. The is accordingly
- Thinning is then continuously curved or bent.
- both variants can be combined with one another in such a way that a first part of the inner section is continuously arcuate and a second part of the inner section is bent in an arcuate manner.
- the inner section is thus continuously curved and runs continuously curved from the outer edge to the cross cutting edge.
- the entire inner section thus forms a single, continuous arch, which has no discontinuities, kinks and no straight sections.
- This thus has a certain radius of curvature, which, however, is not necessarily the same at every position got to.
- the radius of curvature preferably increases from the inside to the outside, ie it becomes larger. The same applies to the grinding path of the grinding wheel when the taper is formed and to the axial curvature.
- the inner section is bent in the form of an arc and for this purpose has a plurality of straight partial sections which are arranged at an angle to one another.
- the inner section has exactly three straight sections. The partial sections are thus roughly arranged along an arc, so that an arc-shaped course results overall.
- the inner section in the bent arched variant has at least two straight sections which are arranged at an angle to one another and thereby form an arch. Two consecutive sections then, viewed towards the open area, form an angle which is smaller than 180 ° and preferably in the range from 100 ° to 175 °.
- two successive straight sections are connected to each other via a rounded corner, so that a continuously curved transition is formed between two sections.
- these are then connected to one another by two rounded corners.
- a respective rounded corner is preferably formed with a radius of curvature in the range from 0.05 mm to 3 mm.
- the rounded corners are in particular shorter than the straight sections.
- the outermost section preferably merges straight into the outer section of the main cutting edge, so that there is no kink at the transition from the inner to the outer section and the outer section is continued without interruption, so to speak, in the center until the next section is angled, possibly over a rounded corner.
- the straight sections each have a length.
- all sub-sections have the same length, but a configuration is preferred in which the length increases when viewed from the inside out, so that a sub-section lying further outside is longer than a sub-section lying further inside.
- the longest section is preferably at most ten times as long as the shortest section.
- At least two main cutting edges are expediently formed, each with an arcuate inner section, the two inner sections, viewed together, extending in an S-shape. Accordingly, all of the main cutting edges of the drill tip are preferably developed in the manner described above by a respective curved taper. The resulting inner sections are then each curved in the same direction and run together towards the cross cutting edge. The arcuate inner sections of two main cutting edges then form an S-shaped course, in the center of which the transverse cutting edge is arranged.
- the transverse cutting edge is preferably also S-shaped.
- the transverse cutting edge is surrounded by a plurality of, in particular, swirl-shaped open surfaces, which are designed such that the transverse cutting edge extends in an S-shaped manner. Centering and chip formation are further improved by this special shape.
- the free areas on both sides of the cross cutting edge have an enlarged area in the S-shaped course, so that friction is reduced and the risk of lateral tearing during operation is also reduced.
- a respective open space closes in the circumferential direction behind a respective main cutting edge, so the free surface runs after the respective main cutting edge during operation.
- the open area is generally bordered forward by a main cutting edge.
- the free area is bordered in particular by a flute, which therefore runs after the open area.
- the free area is bordered in particular by a lateral surface of the drill tip.
- the open space is bordered by the chisel edge.
- the free surface is now preferably twisted in such a way that an S-shaped cross cutting edge results.
- the transverse cutting edge is preferably bounded on the sides exclusively by the open areas, i.e. the chisel edge is not bordered by the point. Rather, only the end points of the cross cutting edge are each at a point, so that the cross cutting edge between two opposite
- Spikes extends.
- the end points are at the same time, in particular, transition points at which a main cutting edge adjoins the cross cutting edge.
- transition points at which a main cutting edge adjoins the cross cutting edge.
- four surfaces meet in the center, namely two open surfaces, which laterally enclose the transverse cutting edge, and two tapering points, which are spaced apart from one another by the transverse cutting edge.
- the drill tip is designed in particular in such a way that the main cutting edge is divided into the inner section and the outer section due to the tapering, and in particular only one free area is subsequently connected.
- a free surface adjoins the main cutting edge
- the tapering adjoins the inner section
- a flute adjoins the outer section.
- the tapering connects a flute and a free area and is additionally designed to be convex such that the
- Thinning starting from the flute and arching outwards in the direction of the open area. The point is arched. The thinning thus has a second curvature.
- the taper connects the flute of one of the main cutting edges with the free area of the corresponding leading cutting edge.
- the convex taper is preferably designed as described in the aforementioned DE 10 2013 201 062 A1. The resulting complex course of the tapering is correspondingly complex to manufacture, but offers clear advantages with regard to the centering and chip formation of the drill tip.
- the taper In addition to the axial curvature of the taper, it is also radially curved, ie in addition to the first curvature it also has a second curvature, which is then a radial curvature and is also referred to as a radial curvature.
- This second curvature is in particular continuous and not kinked.
- the second curvature and correspondingly also the tapering thus have a second radius of curvature, which in particular indicates the radius with which the tapering is curved.
- the second radius of curvature indicates the radius with which the tapering passes from the flute into the free surface, that is to say in particular the radius with which the tapering is curved around a radial direction, the radial direction being perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
- the second radius of curvature is between 5% and 60% of a diameter of
- the taper has a base which is concave and, in particular, undercuts the inner section when viewed in the longitudinal direction.
- the thinning thus has a third curvature.
- the concave base is preferably produced during the manufacture of the drill tip by a convex grinding wheel, that is to say, it is curved outwards.
- a convex grinding wheel has a grinding surface which points radially outward with respect to an axis of rotation of the grinding wheel and which is convex in cross section perpendicular to the axis of rotation, in particular in the manner of a tire. The point is then curved, so to speak, inwards, that is, in the direction of a back of the drill tip and into it.
- the thinning thus forms a trough.
- the trough also results in cross section perpendicular to the second curvature.
- the convex tapering with a concave base thus has a saddle-shaped course and is thus designed as a saddle surface between the flute and the free surface. Due to the first curvature, the saddle surface also runs in Rotation direction curved.
- the third curvature of the taper with a concave base extends in particular around an axis of curvature which is perpendicular to both the longitudinal axis and the radial direction.
- the third curvature is preferably perpendicular to the first curvature and the second curvature.
- the third curvature and correspondingly also the taper have a third radius of curvature, which in particular indicates the radius with which the taper is concave, ie how the base is shaped and dimensioned.
- the third radius of curvature also indicates a radius which forms the outer surface of the grinding wheel.
- the third radius of curvature is between 5% and 60% of a diameter of the drill tip.
- the outer surface of the grinding wheel is characterized by the aforementioned radius, which is a first radius, and by two straight lines and another, i.e. second radius formed.
- the first radius connects the two straight lines, which to a certain extent represent flanks of the grinding wheel pointing radially outward, and the second radius forms a rounded transition from one of the straight lines to a side surface of the grinding wheel, the side surface running in particular perpendicular to the axis of rotation.
- the grinding wheel is not necessarily symmetrical with respect to a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation.
- the tapering adjoins an open area and forms an edge with it, which, starting from the cross cutting edge and within the center, runs in an S-shape.
- S-shaped edge results in particular in the manufacture of the taper through a special grinding path for the grinding wheel.
- the first edge radius follows a second edge radius, but with the opposite curvature, resulting in an overall S-shape. Both edge radii lie within the center. On the outside, the second edge radius merges in particular into a straight line, which preferably extends to the outer surface.
- the edge radii can in principle be of the same size, but suitably the two radii are different.
- the first, ie the inner edge radius is larger than the second, ie the outer edge radius, preferably by a factor of 1.1 to 5.
- an embodiment is also suitable in which the first, inner edge radius is smaller than the second, outer edge radius, the outer edge radius preferably being larger by a factor of 1.1 to 5.
- the taper has a fourth curvature such that the taper drops in the radial direction and when viewed towards the lateral surface.
- the taper is thus convex in the radial direction and then falls from the inside to the rear. This is achieved in particular when the grinding wheel is inserted into the drill tip in an arc shape starting from the outer surface in the direction of the center, so that the taper is made convex in the radial direction.
- the edge described above is also formed towards the free surface.
- the curved taper has, in addition to the first curvature, a second curvature, a third curvature or a fourth curvature or a combination thereof.
- a convex course that is to say a second curvature, leads to a bulbous configuration of the taper in the area between the open area and the flute.
- the point is arched outwards and against the circumferential direction, ie from the leading flap cutting edge, looking backwards, as well as in the direction of the workpiece.
- an edge is advantageously avoided by the convex course, rather a continuous transition is formed here, which leads to improved chip evacuation.
- the first, axial curvature that is the curved course, on the other hand, viewed towards the center, leads to the rake angle of the main cutting edge in this area being correspondingly increased compared to a configuration without such a taper.
- the fourth curvature leads to a bulbous configuration, but in a direction approximately perpendicular to the first curvature, that is to say not in the circumferential direction, but from the inside outwards in the radial direction.
- the third curvature differs from the first, second and fourth curvature in that it relates to a rather small part of the taper, namely the reason which is arranged in the center near the cross cutting edge and which in particular undercuts the inner section and thereby also defines the rake angle in particular.
- the drill tip has a circumferential surface which is located radially on the outside, and the tapering connects a flute and a free surface and extends to the circumferential surface, so that the flank is completely spaced from the flute by the thinning, in particular clockwise , ie counter to the direction of rotation, and viewed from the main cutting edge.
- the taper extends to the outer edge of the drill tip, i.e. to its radially outer circumferential surface, so that, viewed clockwise from the main cutting edge, the flank is completely spaced from the flute by the flare and the flute and flank then do not directly adjoin each other.
- Counterclockwise, i.e. in the circumferential direction the open area borders on the main cutting edge and then changes into a different flute and a different point.
- the rake allows the rake angle to be optimally adjusted along the main cutting edge in the center. Due to the curved course of the taper, material is cut out of the flute during the manufacture of the drill tip, so that the rake angle is increased in the area of the main cutting edge.
- the inner section of the main cutting edge and the cross cutting edge meet at a transition point, at which the tapering with the free area which laterally adjoins the cross cutting edge also meets.
- the rake angle changes non-continuously at the transition point from the main cutting edge to the transverse cutting edge, ie discontinuously or abruptly. A corner is thus formed at the transition point in particular, which connects the inner section to the cross cutting edge.
- the rake angle of the inner section is defined by the thinning, but the rake angle of the cross cutting edge is preferably defined by the free surface. The rake angle is therefore advantageously separated and independently adjustable along the cross cutting edge and along the inner section.
- the rake angle along the transverse cutting edge is preferably smaller than along the main cutting edge.
- the main cutting edge is then particularly easy to cut, the lower rake angle of the cross cutting edge also leads to improved centering.
- the rake angle along the transverse cutting edge is preferably negative and is smaller than along the main cutting edge.
- the rake angle along the cross cutting edge is negative and along the main cutting edge is greater than -2 °, preferably positive.
- the rake angle along the cross cutting edge is -20 ° or is even more negative, that is to say is negative and amounts to at least 20 °.
- the rake angle along the main cutting edge is suitably positive or is 0 ° or is slightly negative, i.e. greater than -2 ° and is e.g. -1 °.
- a stable center is achieved through this positive or essentially positive rake angle of the main cutting edge, in particular of the inner section. This effect is reinforced by the particularly short chisel edge.
- the rake angle along the transverse cutting edge preferably varies and in this case becomes larger, in particular toward the inner section, ie outwards. Thereby Chip formation and centering significantly improved.
- the rake angle is preferably -40 ° to - 70 °, ie is negative and is 40 ° to 70 °.
- the rake angle is preferably constant along the inner section. This is achieved in particular by the special curved configuration of the taper, which is incorporated into the drill tip accordingly.
- the constant rake angle along the inner section ensures improved chip formation.
- the chip angle is preferably -10 ° to + 10 °.
- the rake angle preferably varies along the outer section and becomes smaller in particular towards the inner section, i.e. gets bigger on the outside. This further improves chip formation, in particular by removing more material from the outside.
- the rake angle is preferably 10 ° to 40 °.
- the rake angle varies along the outer portion similarly to that along the cross cutting edge, i.e. The rake angle becomes larger towards the outside, so that similar advantages are achieved in both areas.
- the rake angle viewed from the inside out, initially increases along the transverse cutting edge, then remains constant along the inner section and finally increases further along the outer section.
- the rake angle is negative along the cross cutting edge and positive along the main cutting edge.
- a rake angle of 0 ° is particularly considered a positive rake angle.
- a clearance angle is formed along the main cutting edge, which preferably varies along the inner section and in particular becomes larger from the outside inwards.
- the clearance angle also varies in particular along the outer section and also becomes larger from the outside inwards.
- the Variation that is to say the difference between a minimum and a maximum clearance angle, is, however, preferably greater on the inner section than on the outer section.
- the clearance angle increases from the outside inwards, preferably significantly, ie in particular by at least 10 °.
- the clearance angle on the inner section preferably increases to at least 30 ° toward the transverse cutting edge.
- the clearance angle is 10 ° at the outer edge and 38 ° in the center of the cross cutting edge.
- the clearance angle on the inner section is expediently in the range from 4 ° to 50 °.
- the clearance angle is constant along the inner section or the outer section or along the entire flake edge.
- a plurality of flat cutting edges are formed, each of which is subsequently followed by a free surface, the transverse cutting edge then only laterally, i.e. is bordered exclusively by the open spaces.
- the cross cutting edge is therefore completely enclosed by the open areas and is at most at the end only in a punctiform connection with the point.
- the drill tip is made in particular of a metal, preferably of flart metal.
- the drill tip is in one piece, i.e. one-piece or monolithic, i.e. not modular.
- the cutting edges or parts thereof are provided with an additional coating.
- the drill tip has a diameter which is preferably in the range from 1 mm to 40 mm.
- the center diameter is preferably at least 20% of the diameter and at most 75%.
- the cross cutting edge preferably has a length of 2% to 15% of the diameter, measured along a straight line which is the end points of the cross cutting edge combines. If the inner section is bent in the form of an arc, a respective straight partial section preferably has a length in the range from 1% to 20% of the diameter of the drill tip.
- a taper is formed, which is curved such that the inner section runs from an outer edge of the center in an arc towards the cross cutting edge.
- a grinding wheel is used in particular during production, which is guided along a grinding path and thereby removes material from the center of the drill tip.
- a cutting corner which is originally formed by the transverse cutting edge and the main cutting edge, is ground off and replaced by the curved inner section.
- the cross cutting edge is also advantageously shortened.
- the entire taper is ground in a single grinding step and along a single and continuous grinding path.
- This has the particular advantage that the grinding wheel does not have to be set down, but is moved in a single pass.
- the grinding path is
- Thinning correspondingly complex, overall, the manufacture is particularly simple and time-saving due to the fact that only one grinding step is used to form the thinning.
- the grinding path which follows a double-curved course.
- the grinding path then has two curves which are traversed one after the other and which are curved in different planes.
- the grinding wheel is advantageously tilted or also inclined perpendicular to an axis of rotation of the grinding wheel.
- the grinding wheel is expediently rolled over its grinding surface, so to speak.
- the object is also achieved in particular by a drill which has a drill tip as described above and by a separate one
- Drill tip which is designed as an insert for a carrier and which, when connected, forms a modular drill bit.
- the object is also achieved by means of a grinding wheel for fixing a drill tip as described.
- the drill tip and the procedure apply analogously to the drill and the grinding wheel.
- FIG. 1 shows a drill tip of a drill in a front view
- FIG. 2 shows the drill from FIG. 1 in a side view
- FIG. 3 shows an enlarged section of the drill tip from FIG. 1,
- FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of the drill tip from FIG. 1,
- FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of the drill tip from FIG. 5,
- FIG. 7 shows a further perspective view of the drill tip from FIG. 5,
- FIG. 12 shows a perspective view of the drill tip from FIG. 11,
- FIG. 13 shows the drill tip from FIG. 11 in a side view
- FIG. 14 shows sections of a grinding wheel in a sectional view
- 15 shows the grinding wheel from FIG. 14 during the manufacture of a drill tip
- FIG. 16 shows a further variant of the drill tip in a front view
- FIG. 17 shows an enlarged detail of FIG. 16,
- FIG. 20 shows the drill tip from FIG. 16 in another perspective view
- FIG. 21 shows a sectional illustration of the view from FIG. 20.
- FIGS. 16 to 21 show Various exemplary embodiments of a drill tip 2 in the figures, which is part of a drill shown only in sections. 1 to 4 show a first variant of the drill tip 2, FIGS. 5 to 10 a second variant and FIGS. 11 to 13 a third variant. Finally, FIG. 14 shows a particularly advantageous grinding wheel 3 for producing the drill tip 2 and FIG. 15 shows such a production. A fourth variant of the drill tip 2 is finally shown in FIGS. 16 to 21. In the present case, the drill tip 2 is an integral part of a drill and, as such, is monolithically connected to a shank. In a variant not shown is
- Drill tip 2 is a separate part and is designed here as an insert which can be inserted into a carrier, so that the carrier and the drill tip 2 then together form a modular drill.
- the drill tip 2 rotates in a direction of rotation U about an axis of rotation L, which is also an axis of rotation of the drill as a whole and which also corresponds to a longitudinal axis of the drill tip 2 and of the drill as a whole and generally extends in a longitudinal direction.
- the drill tip 2 has a center 4, in which a cross cutting edge 6 is arranged.
- the center is marked by a crossed circle.
- the center 4 is correspondingly centered, as can be seen from FIG.
- the drill and the drill tip from FIG. 1 are shown laterally in FIG.
- the Center 4 is shown enlarged in FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of the drill and especially the drill tip 2.
- the drill tip 2 has a number of two flake blades 8 here, each of which adjoins the cross cutting edge 6 and extends outwards from the center 4. In a variant not shown, the drill tip 2 has a different number of flake blades 8.
- the flake blades 8 and the cross cutting edge 6 are also briefly referred to as cutting edges and together form a cutting geometry of the drill tip 2.
- a respective flat cutting edge 8 is divided into two sections, namely an inner section 10, which adjoins the transverse cutting edge 6 and is arranged within the center 4, and an outer section 12, which adjoins the inner section 10 to the outside, and which is arranged outside the center 4.
- the transition from the inner section 10 to the outer section 12 thus defines the center 4 of the drill tip 2, so that the inner section 10 thus lies on the inside and the outer section 12 on the outside.
- the outer section 12 then extends outwards to a lateral surface 14 of the drill tip 2.
- Each of the cutting edges 6, 8 is adjoined by a surface which points in the direction of rotation U and via which a chip that may have been generated is removed.
- the orientation of this surface relative to a workpiece is characterized by the so-called rake angle, which, depending on the design, can also assume fundamentally different values at different points along the cutting edges 6, 8.
- the rake angle is now modified in the center 4 by a special taper 16.
- the taper 16 is arranged in the center 4 and is initially used to shorten the transverse cutting edge 6, that is to say is grinded in at the front in order to shorten the transverse cutting edge 6.
- the taper 16 is also curved in such a way that the inner section 10 extends from an outer edge of the center 4 in an arc toward the cross cutting edge 6.
- the inner section 10 is continuously arcuate, this is the case in the exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 1 to 13.
- the inner section 10 is bent in the form of an arc, as shown in the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 16 to 21.
- the outer edge and the center 4 are indicated in FIG. 1 by a crossed circle.
- the taper 16 is generally a curved taper 16, that is to say has a first curvature K1 which is designed such that the taper 16 curves axially, that is to say quasi in the direction of rotation U.
- the first curvature K1 is shown in FIGS. 16, 18 and 19 explicitly indicated by a curved, dashed line. It also becomes clear that the first curvature K1 and thus the taper 16 have a first radius of curvature R1, which in particular indicates the radius with which the taper 16 is curved. In FIG. 4, the first radius of curvature R1 also corresponds to the radius of the inner section 10.
- the described first curvature K1 of the taper 16 automatically results in an arcuate course of the main cutting edge 8 in the center 4, so that the inner section 10 is also formed when the taper 16 is formed. Due to the arcuate course, the main cutting edge 8 is inserted particularly far into the center 4 and the cross cutting edge 6 is shortened, as already said. The main cutting edge 8 is extended accordingly.
- a flute 18 is formed in front, ie in the direction of rotation U, in front of a respective main cutting edge 8, which flute adjoins the associated main cutting edge 8.
- the flute 18 is used to promote a chip which is lifted by the main cutting edge 8.
- a flute 18 and a free surface 20 are now formed, which surround the respective main cutting edge 8 accordingly.
- the two main cutting edges 8 shown in the respective exemplary embodiment each have an arc-shaped inner section 10 which, viewed together, run in an S-shape. This is particularly emphasized in FIG.
- the S-shaped course can also be seen directly in FIGS. 3 to 6, 11, 12, 16 and 17.
- the inner sections 10 are therefore curved in the same direction and run together towards the cross cutting edge 6.
- the transverse cutting edge 6 is then arranged in the middle of the S-shaped course.
- the transverse cutting edge 6 itself is also S-shaped.
- the transverse cutting edge 6 is surrounded by swirl-shaped free surfaces 20, so that an S-shaped course results. This can be seen particularly clearly from the detailed views in FIGS. 3 and 17, a dashed and S-shaped line being additionally inserted in FIG. 3 to clarify the S-shaped course.
- the S shape of the cross cutting edge 6 is not mandatory, rather the cross cutting edge 6 can also have other geometries.
- a respective free surface 20 is bordered at the front by a main cutting edge 8 and at the rear by a taper 16 or a flute 18 and one
- Pointing 16 A respective open surface 20 is bordered by the outer surface 14 of the drill tip 2.
- a respective free area 20 is bordered by the transverse cutting edge 6.
- the free surfaces 20 are now twisted such that an S-shaped cross cutting edge 6 results.
- the transverse cutting edge 6 is bounded laterally exclusively by the free areas 20. Only the end points of the transverse cutting edge 6, that is to say the transition points P to the main cutting edges 8, are each located at a point 16, so that the transverse cutting edge 6 extends between the two opposite points 16.
- the cross cutting edge 6 is thus completely enclosed by the free surfaces 20 and is only in a punctiform connection with the thinning 16 at the end.
- the chisel edge 6, however, is not S-shaped.
- the taper 16 is only curved as indicated in FIG. 4.
- the taper 16 is additionally convex in such a way that, starting from one of the flutes 18 and in the direction of one of the free surfaces 20, it extends outwards.
- first curvature K1 of the taper 16 it is also radially curved, that is to say in addition to the first curvature K1, it also has a second curvature K2, which is then a radial curvature K2.
- This additional second curvature K2 is explicitly indicated in the perspective representations in FIGS. 6 and 7 by a dashed curve K2 and is also clearly visible in the sectional view in FIG.
- the second curvature K2 and the taper 16 thus have a second radius of curvature R2, which indicates the radius with which the taper 16 is curved and the radius with which the taper 16 merges from the flute 18 into the free surface 20.
- the first curvature K1 is not explicitly indicated in FIG. 6, but is nevertheless present and is explicitly shown in the perspective view of FIG. 7 in addition to the second curvature K2.
- the taper 16 is thus curved and connects the flute 18 of one of the flake blades 8 to the free surface 20 of the corresponding leading flute blade 8.
- the point 16 is thus a curved and convex point 16.
- the convex shape leads to a bulbous configuration of the point 16 in the area between the free surface 20 and the flute 18. This can be seen particularly clearly in FIG.
- FIGS. 8 through 10 each show a side view of the drill with the drill tip 2 from FIG.
- the special geometry of the taper 16 also being recognizable from these side views.
- the taper 16 is curved outwards and counter to the direction of rotation U, that is to say viewed from the leading flap cutting edge 8 to the rear, and in the direction of a workpiece, not shown.
- an edge is advantageously avoided by the convex course, rather, as shown, a continuous transition is formed here.
- the first, axial curvature K1 leads to the center 4 considers that the rake angle of the main cutting edge 8 is increased accordingly.
- FIGS. 11 to 13 A further embodiment is shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, in which the taper 16 has a base 22 which, viewed in the radial direction, is concave.
- the concave base 22 is produced in the manufacture of the drill tip 2 by a convex, that is to say curved outward grinding wheel 3.
- a grinding wheel 3 has a grinding surface which points radially outward with respect to an axis of rotation A of the grinding wheel 3 and which is convex in cross section perpendicular to the axis of rotation A.
- the taper 16 is then curved inwards, ie in the direction of a rear side of the drill tip 2 and into it.
- the taper 16 with a concave base 22 thus has a third curvature K3, which is specifically illustrated in FIG. 12 by a dashed line.
- the third curvature K3 and the taper 16 then have a third radius of curvature R3, which indicates the radius with which the base 22 is concave and the radius of the outer surface of the grinding wheel 3.
- the first curvature K1 is then explicitly indicated in FIG. 11 by a dashed line.
- the second curvature K2 is indicated by a dashed line.
- FIGS. 11 through 13 also show the associated radii of curvature R1, R2, R3.
- a fourth curvature K4 is shown, which, similar to the first curvature K1, leads to a convex taper 16, but not in the circumferential direction U but viewed in the radial direction from the inside out, so that the taper 16 starts from the center 4 Jacket surface 14 falls off.
- the convex taper 16 with a concave base 22 has a saddle-shaped course and is thus designed as a saddle surface between the flute 18 and the free surface 20.
- the saddle surface is also curved in the direction of rotation U.
- the curved taper 16 also has a second curvature K2, a third curvature K3, a fourth curvature K4 or any combination thereof.
- a convex course that is to say a second or fourth curvature K2, K4, leads to a bulging configuration of the taper 16 in the region between the free surface 18 and the flute 20, such as e.g. 6, 13 and 20 recognizable.
- a third curvature K3 leads to a base 22, which also defines the rake angle and, if necessary, undercuts the inner section 10 accordingly.
- the tapering 16 in FIGS. 1 to 4 and 16 to 21 extends to the outer edge of the drill tip 2, that is to the radially outer circumferential surface 14 thereof, so that clockwise, i.e. against the circumferential direction U, and starting from the flat cutting edge, the free surface 20 is completely spaced from the flute 18 by the taper 16 and the flute 18 and the free surface 20 are not adjacent to one another.
- the taper 16 is not formed continuously up to the lateral surface 14, but in the present case only up to half the radius, that is to say a quarter of the diameter D of the drill tip 2.
- the taper 16 is formed up to the lateral surface 14 regardless of whether the taper has one or more further curvatures K2, K3, K4 in addition to the first curvature K1.
- the inner section 10 of the flake cutting edge 8 and the transverse cutting edge 6 meet at a transition point P, at which the taper 16 also meets the free surface 20 , which laterally adjoins the cutting edge 6.
- the rake angle changes from the main cutting edge 8 to the transverse cutting edge 6 in each case non-continuously, that is to say abruptly.
- a corner is thus formed at the transition point P, which connects the inner section 10 to the transverse cutting edge 6.
- An edge is correspondingly formed between the free surface 20 and the taper 16, which leads to the clamping angle S being changed abruptly.
- the edge ends, in principle, where the inner section 10 merges into the outer section 12.
- the rake angle of the inner section 10 is thus defined by the taper 16, the rake angle of the cross cutting edge 6 towards the free surface 20.
- the inner section 10 is bent in the form of an arc and has a plurality of straight partial sections 24 which are arranged at an angle to one another. Exactly three straight partial sections 24 are formed here. The sections 24 are roughly arranged along an arc, so that an arc-shaped course results overall. Two consecutive sections 24, viewed towards the free surface 20, form an angle W which is smaller than 180 ° and here is approximately 155 ° and 145 °, the angle W lying further inside being greater than the angle W lying further outside ,
- Two consecutive straight sections 24 are connected to one another via a rounded corner 26, so that a continuously curved transition is formed between two sections 24.
- the course that bends twice in total can be seen particularly well in the detailed view of FIG. 17.
- the outermost section 24 merges into the outer section 12 of the main cutting edge 8, so that there is no kink at the transition from the inner section 10 to the outer section 12.
- the straight sections 24 also each have a length L2, which increases here, viewed from the inside out, so that a section 24 which is further out is longer than a section 24 which is further inward.
- the taper 16 borders on a free surface 20 and, in the exemplary embodiments shown, forms an edge 28 with the latter. 16 to 21, the edge 28 runs in a characteristic S-shape starting from the transverse cutting edge 6 and within the center 4.
- a first edge radius R4 is formed, which forms a transition from the base 22 of the taper 16 to the free surface 20. This can be seen particularly well in FIG. 17 and in the perspective view of FIG. 20.
- the first edge radius R4 is followed by a second edge radius R5, but with opposite curvature, so that an S shape results overall. Both edge radii R4, R5 lie within the center 4.
- the second edge radius R5 merges into a straight line, as can be seen, for example, from FIG. 20, which extends in the exemplary embodiment shown up to the lateral surface 14.
- the first, ie the inner edge radius R4 is larger than the second, ie the outer edge radius R5.
- FIG. 21 shows the same view as FIG. 20, but with a section from the point 16 to the flute 18, so that the free surface 20 is not visible, but instead the two edge radii R4, R5, which are highlighted by additional circles.
- the inner edge radius R4 is smaller than the outer edge radius R5, as shown in FIG.
- the rake angle is negative along the cross cutting edge 6 and positive along the flake cutting edge 8 and thus is smaller along the cross cutting edge 6 than along the flaking cutting edge 8.
- the rake angle varies along the cross cutting edge 6 and becomes larger towards the inner section 10.
- the rake angle is constant along the inner section 10, so it retains the same value. This is realized by the special curved configuration of the taper 16.
- the rake angle varies again along the outer section 12 and, like the transverse cutting edge 6, becomes larger towards the outside.
- the drill tip 2 has a diameter D which is in the range from 1 mm to 40 mm and is 8.5 mm in the exemplary embodiments.
- the center 4 has a center diameter ZD which is from 20% to 75% of the diameter D.
- the center diameter ZD in the exemplary embodiments is in the range from 2 mm to 4 mm.
- the transverse cutting edge 6 has a length of 0.5% to 15% of the diameter D and, in the exemplary embodiments, is between 0.17 mm and 1.27 mm, measured along a straight line (not shown) which defines the end points of the transverse cutting edge 6, ie the transition points P connects.
- a grinding wheel 3 In the manufacture of the drill tip 2, a grinding wheel 3 is used, which is guided along a grinding path and thereby removes material from the center 4. As a result, a cutting corner, which is originally formed by the transverse cutting edge 6 and the main cutting edge 8, is ground and replaced by the curved inner section 10, and the transverse cutting edge 6 is shortened at the same time.
- An exemplary embodiment for a grinding wheel 3 is shown in FIG. 14, the use of this grinding wheel 3 for producing a drill tip 2 is shown in FIG.
- the entire taper 16 is ground in in a single grinding step and along a single and continuous grinding path. In the case of the curved as well as convex tapering 16 shown in FIGS.
- a grinding path results which follows a multiple-curved course, so that the correspondingly designed curvatures K1, K2, K3 are superimposed or executed in succession.
- the grinding path is then a superimposition of the curvatures K1, K2, K3, which are traversed one after the other or superimposed, that is to say simultaneously or partially at the same time, and which are curved in different planes.
- Thinning 16 i.e. the first curvature K1, through which the inner section 10 is formed, the grinding wheel 3 is tilted perpendicularly to an axis of rotation A of the grinding wheel 3 or also inclined.
- the grinding wheel 3 shown there has a lateral surface which is generally a first radius SR1, formed by two straight lines G1, G2 and a further, ie second, radius SR2 ,
- the first radius SR1 connects the two straight lines G1, G2, which to a certain extent represent flanks of the grinding wheel 3 pointing radially outward
- the second radius SR2 forms a rounded transition from the straight line G2 to a side surface SF of the grinding wheel 3, the side surface SF here runs perpendicular to the axis of rotation A.
- the grinding wheel 3 is not necessarily symmetrical.
- the first radius SR1 in the present case corresponds to the third radius of curvature R3.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Drilling Tools (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102018213630 | 2018-08-13 | ||
| DE102019202396.7A DE102019202396A1 (de) | 2018-08-13 | 2019-02-21 | Bohrerspitze und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Bohrerspitze |
| PCT/EP2019/069320 WO2020035253A1 (de) | 2018-08-13 | 2019-07-18 | Bohrerspitze und verfahren zur herstellung einer bohrerspitze |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3837075A1 true EP3837075A1 (de) | 2021-06-23 |
Family
ID=67396930
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19742561.4A Pending EP3837075A1 (de) | 2018-08-13 | 2019-07-18 | Bohrerspitze und verfahren zur herstellung einer bohrerspitze |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20210213543A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3837075A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN112533715A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102019202396A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2020035253A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI786325B (zh) * | 2018-10-04 | 2022-12-11 | 以色列商艾斯卡公司 | 具有設負傾角及正傾角二者之徑向延伸前切削刃的頂端部的切削頭、及旋轉切削工具 |
| CN111421169A (zh) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-07-17 | 贵州理工学院 | 一种切削铝合金的横刃微槽硬质合金钻头 |
| DE112021008186T5 (de) * | 2021-09-06 | 2024-07-25 | Osg Corporation | Bohrer |
| CN118632759A (zh) * | 2022-06-15 | 2024-09-10 | 住友电工硬质合金株式会社 | 钻头 |
| JP7740462B1 (ja) * | 2024-08-05 | 2025-09-17 | 株式会社タンガロイ | 穴あけ工具 |
| WO2026042421A1 (ja) * | 2024-08-21 | 2026-02-26 | 京セラ株式会社 | 切削インサート、回転工具及び切削加工物の製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE20005730U1 (de) * | 2000-03-28 | 2000-10-26 | Hartmetallwerkzeugfabrik Andreas Maier GmbH, 88477 Schwendi | Micro-Bohrer mit zwei oder mehr Schneiden, mit Hauptschneidenkorrektur und ausgespitzter Querschneide, Durchmesser 0.04 - 1 mm für die Leiterplattenfertigung |
| US7832966B2 (en) * | 2003-01-30 | 2010-11-16 | Kennametal Inc. | Drill for making flat bottom hole |
| DE102008004564B4 (de) * | 2008-01-15 | 2013-04-11 | EMUGE-Werk Richard Glimpel GmbH & Co. KG Fabrik für Präzisionswerkzeuge | Bohrwerkzeug mit Ausspitzung |
| DE102009025223A1 (de) * | 2009-06-08 | 2010-12-09 | MAPAL Fabrik für Präzisionswerkzeuge Dr. Kress KG | Bohrer |
| US8408850B2 (en) * | 2009-06-16 | 2013-04-02 | Kennametal Inc. | Twist drill with negative axial rake transition between the lip and the secondary cutting edge |
| DE102009035625A1 (de) * | 2009-07-31 | 2011-02-03 | Gühring Ohg | Bohrerspitze mit in Axialrichtung progressivem Freiwinkel |
| DE102013201062B4 (de) | 2013-01-23 | 2018-09-13 | Kennametal Inc. | Bohrspitze |
| DE102013226697A1 (de) * | 2013-12-19 | 2015-06-25 | MAPAL Fabrik für Präzisionswerkzeuge Dr. Kress KG | Bohrer |
| WO2015028431A1 (de) * | 2013-08-30 | 2015-03-05 | MAPAL Fabrik für Präzisionswerkzeuge Dr. Kress KG | Bohrer |
| DE102015210817B4 (de) * | 2015-06-12 | 2021-06-10 | Kennametal Inc. | Rotationswerkzeug sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Rotationswerkzeugs |
| DE102016202104A1 (de) * | 2016-02-11 | 2017-08-17 | MAPAL Fabrik für Präzisionswerkzeuge Dr. Kress KG | Bohrwerkzeug |
-
2019
- 2019-02-21 DE DE102019202396.7A patent/DE102019202396A1/de active Pending
- 2019-07-18 US US17/267,992 patent/US20210213543A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2019-07-18 EP EP19742561.4A patent/EP3837075A1/de active Pending
- 2019-07-18 CN CN201980051271.0A patent/CN112533715A/zh active Pending
- 2019-07-18 WO PCT/EP2019/069320 patent/WO2020035253A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112533715A (zh) | 2021-03-19 |
| US20210213543A1 (en) | 2021-07-15 |
| DE102019202396A1 (de) | 2020-02-13 |
| WO2020035253A1 (de) | 2020-02-20 |
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