EP3833798A1 - Revetement pour piece en alliage refractaire - Google Patents
Revetement pour piece en alliage refractaireInfo
- Publication number
- EP3833798A1 EP3833798A1 EP19759017.7A EP19759017A EP3833798A1 EP 3833798 A1 EP3833798 A1 EP 3833798A1 EP 19759017 A EP19759017 A EP 19759017A EP 3833798 A1 EP3833798 A1 EP 3833798A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- component
- alloy
- aluminum
- molybdenum
- coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 229910000753 refractory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 23
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- -1 aluminum-silicon-molybdenum Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 14
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- UNQHSZOIUSRWHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum molybdenum Chemical compound [Al].[Mo] UNQHSZOIUSRWHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical group [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017855 NH 4 F Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003701 inert diluent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 84
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- QXYJCZRRLLQGCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxomolybdenum Chemical compound O=[Mo]=O QXYJCZRRLLQGCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum trioxide Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GALOTNBSUVEISR-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum;silicon Chemical compound [Mo]#[Si] GALOTNBSUVEISR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N1CCN(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)CC1 VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005049 silicon tetrachloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000733426 Alcis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020968 MoSi2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXTFQUMXDQLMBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;molybdenum Chemical compound [AlH3].[Mo] ZXTFQUMXDQLMBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YXTPWUNVHCYOSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis($l^{2}-silanylidene)molybdenum Chemical compound [Si]=[Mo]=[Si] YXTPWUNVHCYOSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000788 chromium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNTLIPZTSJSULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium molybdenum Chemical compound [Cr].[Mo] VNTLIPZTSJSULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Mo] DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021344 molybdenum silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011214 refractory ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005382 thermal cycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C10/34—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation
- C23C10/52—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation more than one element being diffused in one step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C10/34—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation
- C23C10/58—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation more than one element being diffused in more than one step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
- C23C28/021—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material including at least one metal alloy layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
- C23C28/023—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C10/34—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C10/34—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation
- C23C10/36—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation only one element being diffused
- C23C10/38—Chromising
- C23C10/40—Chromising of ferrous surfaces
- C23C10/42—Chromising of ferrous surfaces in the presence of volatile transport additives, e.g. halogenated substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C10/34—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation
- C23C10/36—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation only one element being diffused
- C23C10/44—Siliconising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C10/34—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation
- C23C10/36—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation only one element being diffused
- C23C10/48—Aluminising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of protective coatings for mechanical parts, more precisely coatings for parts made of refractory alloys.
- cores are conventionally placed in foundry molds, prior to the injection of the liquid metal, so as to produce one or more cavities or recesses in the parts which will be produced during the process Manufacturing.
- These cores are conventionally made of refractory ceramics (silica, alumina, zircon, zirconia, etc.)
- foundry cores made of refractory alloys to replace or complement the ceramic cores conventionally used.
- refractory alloy materials typically molybdenum alloys
- a protective layer to preserve their mechanical characteristics, in particular in the presence of very high temperatures encountered, for example during the process of manufacturing blades in superalloy for turbomachinery.
- shells of refractory material are produced around a wax model of the part to be produced, so as to form a mold of the model of the part.
- the shell is then heated to be consolidated, the wax being removed beforehand in an autoclave under steam to make an impression of the external shape of the part to be produced.
- a core can be initially placed in the wax model and present before the material constituting the part to be produced is cast, the core defining the internal shape of the part.
- molybdenum for example, which can be used as an insert in a ceramic core or which can constitute the entire core, reacts with oxygen from 400 ° C to form up to 650 ° C molybdenum dioxide (M0O2) and then molybdenum trioxide above 650 ° C, the molybdenum trioxide being very volatile.
- M0O2 molybdenum dioxide
- the molybdenum oxidation rate follows in a known manner a linear increase between 400 and 650 ° C and an exponential increase beyond up to 1700 ° C.
- TZM alloy molybdenum-based alloy comprising zirconium and titanium
- the superalloy After consolidation in air of the shell, the superalloy is melted and poured under vacuum into the shell, then coming into contact with the refractory alloy.
- the casting step carried out under vacuum at a temperature above 1500 ° C., notably causes phenomena of diffusion of elements of the superalloy in the refractory alloy of the core.
- An inter-diffusion of the elements of the refractory alloy from the core to the superalloy can lead to a modification of the composition of the cast alloy therefore of the mechanical properties of the superalloy, and lead to a degradation of the performances of the part obtained.
- Such a process is carried out by causing a surface diffusion of one or more chemical elements with one of the species contained in a part 1.
- the chemical elements diffusing in part 1 are here called doping components, and come from so-called precursor components in solid form.
- Such a method has the advantage of being easy to implement, inexpensive and makes it possible to coat objects of complex shape since the deposition method is not directional, in the sense that the doping component is not projected by a directional jet on part 1.
- a part 1 of a refractory alloy comprising for example molybdenum or a molybdenum / titanium / zirconium alloy (TZM)
- the doping component will react by diffusing with the molybdenum contained in the part 1 and form an alloy.
- the solid precursors used are contained in a mixture of powders 2 called cementation, comprising in particular a powder of the doping component to be diffused.
- the powder mixture 2 must also include an activating component and an inert component.
- the activating component is conventionally a halide configured to form a gaseous metal chloride with the doping component or components during the heat treatment, a chloride which is reduced on the surface of the part 1 to deposit the metallic element of the chloride.
- the inert component is configured to increase the volume of powder and thus immerse the part 1 to be coated and control the temperature rise in the enclosure 3 and thus allowing the characteristics of the coating obtained to be controlled.
- the powder mixture 2 comprises a powder of the doping component M, an activating halide powder NH4CI and an alumina powder as an inert material.
- the powder mixture is introduced into an enclosure 3 or crucible, then the part 1 to be coated is at least partially immersed in the powder mixture 2 before sealing the enclosure 3.
- a heat treatment is then carried out, during which the enclosure 3 is heated, thereby heating the powder mixture 2.
- the activating component decomposes to form gaseous hydrogen chloride (HCl), which reacts with the powders of doping component to form a chloride called doping chloride M-Clx, M being the doping component), also gaseous.
- HCl gaseous hydrogen chloride
- M-Clx doping chloride
- the doping chloride M-CI X is reduced on the surface of the part 1 in the presence of dihydrogen H 2 , in particular produced by the decomposition of hydrogen chloride, to deposit the doping component on the surface of the part 1.
- the solid diffusion of the doping component deposited on the surface in the alloy of the part 1 to be coated makes it possible to form an alloy on the surface of the part 1.
- a coating of silicon-molybdenum alloy Mo a Si b on a part 1 of molybdenum alloy is obtained by active carburizing of a doping component comprising silicon, the reaction of which with the activating component comprising chloride of hydrogen HCl leads to the formation of silicon tetrachloride.
- the silicon tetrachloride thus formed is then reduced to silicon on the surface of the part 1 made of molybdenum alloy in the presence of dihydrogen.
- the silicon layer then reacts by solid diffusion with the molybdenum to form a silicon-molybdenum alloy.
- the coating made of the M0S12 alloy thus forms a passivating oxide layer S1O2 allowing protection against oxidation of the part 1.
- this layer of silica is not recommended because it is reactive with certain elements of the nickel-based superalloy (eg Aluminum, Hafnium, Titanium, etc.) and the coated refractory metal core can then react with the superalloy.
- a third alloying component that is to say capable of forming a compound with the first two
- Aluminum is an alloying element of molybdenum silicide and will make it possible to form a coating made up of a ternary molybdenum-silicon-aluminum alloy Mo a -Si b -Al c .
- gaseous silicon chloride SiCI 4 and gaseous aluminum chloride AlCb are formed and are reduced on the part 1 of molybdenum alloy. Diffusion in the solid state at high temperature (between 850 ° C and 1300 ° C) subsequently makes it possible to form a ternary molybdenum-silicon-aluminum alloy Mo-Si-AI on the surface of the part 1.
- composition Mo (Si, AI) 2 on parts comprising molybdenum or a molybdenum alloy.
- This layer has good resistance to oxidation by making it possible to form a layer of passivating alumina in temperature in an oxidizing atmosphere.
- a Mo (Si, AI) 2 coating is more suitable than the M0S12 coating because the alumina layer formed in the first case is an effective barrier. vis-à-vis the reactivity of the refractory core with the superalloy, which is not the case for silica.
- the aluminum in the coating also increases the ductility of the layer and therefore has better mechanical properties.
- An object of the invention is to limit the phenomena of oxidation and inter-diffusion during the heat treatment of blade shells and of superalloy casting in the presence of refractory alloys
- Another object of the invention is to allow the use of molybdenum or TZM in temperature and in air for all types of applications.
- Another object of the invention is to propose a solution adapting to any type of geometry.
- Another object of the invention is to propose an easily achievable solution, with the aim of limiting costs and maximizing production volumes.
- the invention provides a method of coating a piece of metal alloy by chemical vapor diffusion, the alloy being a refractory alloy, the method comprising the following steps:
- the powder mixture comprises at least a first component and at least a second component, the first component and the second component forming a gaseous compound during the heat treatment step so as to allow the deposition of the second component on the part, the second component being intended to form an alloy by solid diffusion with at least one metallic species of the refractory alloy so as to generate a coating
- the method being characterized in that the alloy formed by solid diffusion generates a layer d 'oxide passivating when subjected to oxidizing conditions, and in which the refractory alloy comprises molybdenum, and in which:
- the first component comprises at least one halide species chosen from the following components: NH 4 CI, NH 4 F, AICIS, CrCI 2 ;
- the second component comprising at least one species chosen from silicon, aluminum, iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, lanthanum, germanium, zirconium, chromium, titanium, hafnium, rhenium and a mixture of these,
- the powder mixture (2) has a mass proportion of between 8 and 12% of the second component and between 6 and 8% of the first component.
- the powder mixture comprises a mass proportion of between 1 and 20% of the second component, a mass proportion of between 1 and 10% of the first component relative to the total mass of the powder mixture,
- the second component is a mixture of a silicon powder and an aluminum powder
- the first component is ammonium chloride
- the mixture of powders also comprises a mass proportion of between 70 and 95% of an inert component
- the powder mixture comprises between 82 and 84% by mass of inert component
- the inert component is an alumina powder.
- Another object of the invention is a piece of metallic refractory alloy comprising a coating covering at least partially a substrate, characterized in that the coating is capable of being obtained by means of a process which is the subject of the invention.
- the invention is advantageously supplemented by the following characteristics, taken individually or in any one of their technically possible combinations:
- the part comprises molybdenum, and is at least partially covered by a coating, the coating comprising a plurality of superimposed layers, at least of which:
- a first layer comprising a solid solution of aluminum and silicon in molybdenum denoted Mo (Si, Al), has a thickness of between 1 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m, and has a molar fraction of aluminum of between 0.1% and 35 % and a molar fraction of silicon of between 0.1% and 25%,
- a second layer comprising a mass proportion greater than 75% of an aluminum molybdenum alloy AlsM03 and has a thickness of between 1 and 20 ⁇ m
- a third layer having a thickness between lpm and 15pm and comprises an alloy of aluminum-silicon-molybdenum Mo (Si, AI) 2 , the third layer having a cumulative atomic fraction of silicon and aluminum of between 65% and 68 % and configured to generate a passivating oxide layer when exposed to oxidizing conditions;
- the part comprises molybdenum, said part being covered at least partially by a coating comprising a plurality of superimposed layers, at least of which:
- a first layer (6) comprising a solid solution of aluminum and silicon in molybdenum denoted Mo (Si, Al), has a thickness of between 0.1 ⁇ m and 1 ⁇ m, and has a molar fraction of aluminum of between 0, 1% and 35% and a molar fraction of silicon of between 0.1% and 25%,
- a second layer (7) comprising a mass proportion greater than 75% of an aluminum molybdenum alloy AI8Mo3 and has a thickness of between 1 and 30 ⁇ m
- a third layer (8) having a thickness between lpm and 25 pm and comprises an alloy of aluminum silicon-molybdenum Mo (Si, AI) 2, the third layer having a cumulative atomic fraction of silicon and aluminum of between 65% and 68% and configured to generate a passive oxide layer when exposed to oxidizing conditions.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a device for implementing a coating method according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the structure of a coating according to the invention.
- FIG. 3a and Figure 3b are sectional views with an electron microscope showing the coating having a first, second and third layers; more precisely FIG. 3a and FIG. 3b represent cases where the layer includes inclusions of molybdenum-aluminum-silicon alloy.
- the invention relates to a method of coating a part 1 of a refractory alloy by chemical vapor diffusion diffusion, in which the part 1 is at least partially immersed in an enclosure 3 comprising a mixture of cementing powders 2 before carrying out a treatment.
- the powder mixture comprising at least one activator and at least one doping component, the activator being configured to form a gaseous compound with the doping component during the heat treatment so as to promote the deposition of the doping component on the part 1, the doping component being configured to form an alloy by solid diffusion with a species of the alloy refractory so as to generate a coating 4 on the surface of the part 1.
- the alloy formed by the doping component and the part 1 is configured to generate a passivating oxide layer when said alloy is subjected to oxidizing conditions.
- the powder mixture 2 may comprise a doping component, preferably in the form of a divided solid (powder), the component being configured to form by solid diffusion an alloy with the refractory support alloy (which is most frequently molybdenum or an alloy molybdenum) to generate the coating 4.
- a doping component preferably in the form of a divided solid (powder)
- the component being configured to form by solid diffusion an alloy with the refractory support alloy (which is most frequently molybdenum or an alloy molybdenum) to generate the coating 4.
- the coating 4 thus formed on the refractory alloy substrate 5 of the part 1 must form a protective layer in an oxidizing condition by generating a passivating oxide layer.
- the doping component can include:
- the doping component can comprise a powder comprising at least one metal salt.
- the mixture of powders 2 comprises one or more activating components of the halide type, and optionally an inert filler to limit the rate of temperature variation during the heat treatment.
- the activating component (s) may comprise a compound or a combination of compounds from the following compounds: NH 4 CI, NH 4 F, AlCIs, CrCI 2 .
- the inert filler is configured to remain in solid form during the heat treatment and not to form an alloy with the part 1 or the other species present in the powder mixture or formed during the heat treatment.
- the inert filler can optionally comprise an alumina AI 2 O 3 powder or a magnesium oxide MgO, silicates, silica, zirconia, cerium oxide, cristobalite, calcium carbonate.
- the heat treatment is then carried out so as to form a coating 4 of alloy on the surface of the substrate 5 of refractory alloy.
- the alloy comprises one or more molybdenum alloys of form MO a X b and / or one or more solid solutions (that is to say molybdenum dissolved in a species X or a species X dissolved in molybdenum).
- the composition of the coating 4 of alloy between X and Mo are the thermodynamically stable compounds defined in the phase diagrams corresponding to the binary alloy Mo-X and the relative content of Mo and X in the coating.
- At least one of the compounds capable of forming the passivating layer in an oxidizing medium must be in the form of a continuous layer, that is to say a layer extending over the entire surface of the part 1 in contact with the medium. oxidant An area not covered with a passivating layer would cause the degradation of the part 1 at this point at this point, degradation which can then spread to the whole part 1, the oxidation of which is not passivating and therefore uninterrupted.
- Obtaining a continuous layer is conditioned by the sufficient formation of volatile metallic chloride during the heat treatment to deposit on the surface sufficient metallic species.
- Obtaining a continuous layer also suggests that the stress level in this layer is lower than the breaking stress, the excess of which would cause it to crack.
- the stress level is notably a function of the thickness of the coating (chosen 100 ⁇ m by adapting the content of doping component, the amount of activator, the temperature and the time of the heat treatment), the difference in coefficient of expansion between the coating and support (chosen less than ô. 10 ⁇ K 1 ).
- the silicon in the powder mixture 2 leads to the formation of a molybdenum-silicon alloy phase of form Mo a Si b .
- the MoSi2 phase forms a passivating layer of silica, under oxidizing conditions.
- the aluminum in the powder mixture 2 leads to the formation of a molybdenum-aluminum alloy phase of form MOaAl b , which will form a passivating layer of alumina, under oxidizing conditions.
- the nickel in the powder mixture 2 leads to the formation of a molybdenum-nickel alloy phase of form MOaN i b , which will form a passivating layer of nickel oxide, under oxidizing conditions.
- the chromium in the powder mixture 2 leads to the formation of a molybdenum-chromium alloy phase of form MO a Cr b , which will form a passivating layer of chromine, under oxidizing conditions.
- the mixture of powders 2 can comprise several doping components. These metallic elements added to the powder mixture 2 can be combined to form an alloy coating, for example ternary in the form Mo to XbYc, or in another quaternary example in the form MO to XbYc, Zd.
- the doping component is configured to generate a volatile chloride to then be reduced to the surface of the part 1 and deposit the metallic element of the chloride.
- the doping component can also be configured in such a way that the passivating oxide layer which it generates under oxidation conditions.
- the method comprises a step of oxidizing the part 1, during which the part 1 and the coating 4 are heated in the presence of air at a temperature of 1150 ° C., so as to generate a layer of oxides passivating on the surface of the coating 4.
- the doping component comprises one of the components, or a combination of components, among aluminum, titanium, chromium, zirconium, hafnium whose respective oxides (AI2O3, T1O2, Cr 2 0 3 , ZrÜ2, HfC) are oxides with high chemical stability in contact with molten superalloys.
- the passivating oxide layer formed during the oxidation step is inert in contact with a liquid superalloy at 1550 ° C. under vacuum, for example during a foundry molding operation of a blade of a superalloy turbomachine.
- inert it is understood that the passivating oxide layer prevents the diffusion of the species between the part 1 and the superalloy.
- the powder mixture 2 is ground for 10 minutes to obtain a homogeneous pack.
- the molybdenum or molybdenum-based alloy parts to be coated are polished to eliminate sharp edges and minimize roughness.
- the arithmetic mean roughness of the parts after polishing is advantageously less than 0.6 microns.
- the parts are cleaned and degreased then are immersed in the powder, preferably completely immersed, then the mixture of powders 2 is advantageously revibrated.
- the enclosure 3 is steamed to remove the moisture from the powder and the parts at 100 ° C. for 12 hours.
- the enclosure 3 is then sealed under an inert atmosphere using a ceramic adhesive.
- the heat treatment is then applied in an inert atmosphere with a first temperature level between 100 and 350 ° C to allow the firing of the ceramic glue and the sealing of the crucible, then a second temperature level between 1000 and 1100 ° C for a period from 10 to 30 hours to make the deposit.
- the method is configured to produce a coating 4 on the surface of the part 1, comprising a plurality of superimposed layers.
- the coating 4 may comprise, directly in contact with the substrate 5, a first layer 6.
- the first layer 6 can comprise a solid solution of aluminum and silicon in molybdenum denoted Mo (Si, Al).
- the aluminum molar fraction in the first layer 6 can be between 0% and 50%, preferably between 0% and 35%.
- the molar fraction of silicon in the first layer 6 can be between 0% and 40%, preferably between 0% and 25%.
- the thickness of the first layer 6 can be between 0.1 ⁇ m and 30 ⁇ m and preferably between 0.1 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m.
- a second layer 7, covering the first layer 6 in contact with the latter, comprises an aluminum-molybdenum alloy.
- the second layer 7 may have a mass proportion greater than 75% of alloy aluminum-molybdenum.
- the aluminum-molybdenum alloy includes, for example, AI 8 Mq3.
- the second layer 7 may also include a secondary phase having inclusions of molybdenum-aluminum-silicon alloy.
- the second layer 7 advantageously comprises a mass proportion of less than 25% of inclusions of molybdenum-aluminum-silicon alloy.
- the composition of these inclusions can be a solid solution of aluminum and silicon in molybdenum denoted Mo (Si, AI) or phase Mo 5 (Si, AI) 3 .
- the thickness of the second layer 7 can be between 1 and
- the coating 4 further comprises a third layer 8 covering the second layer 7 in contact with the latter.
- the third layer 8 comprises a molybdenum-aluminum-silicon Mo (AI, Si) 2 alloy capable of forming a passivating oxide layer in an oxidizing condition.
- the cumulative molar fraction of silicon and aluminum in layer 8 is between 60% and 70%, preferably between 65% and 68%.
- the third layer 8 may have a thickness of between 0.5 pm and 50 pm, preferably between lpm and 15 pm.
- the first layer 6 ensures cohesion between the coating 4 and the substrate 5. Its intermediate aluminum and silicon content with respect to the upper layers gives it a coefficient of thermal expansion intermediate between that of the substrate 5 and that of the second layer 7.
- the coating 4 thus offers better temperature resistance, in particular thanks to the reduction of the stresses due to the phenomena of differential expansion between the substrate 5 and the coating.
- the second layer 7 rich in aluminum provides the coating 4 with high ductility and thus improves the mechanical strength of the entire coating 4. It limits the problems of crack propagation during thermal cycling, cracks which occur in layer 8 continued to the formation of the passivating layer (Kirkendall effect described above). Layer 8 plays the role of protection against oxidation in oxidizing conditions.
- the covering 4 comprises four layers such as:
- a second layer 7 comprising an aluminum-molybdenum alloy AlsM03, the molar fraction of silicon in the second layer being less than 2%, the second layer 7 covering the first layer 6 in contact with the latter;
- a third layer 8 comprising a molybdenum-aluminum-silicon alloy Mo (AI, Si) 2 on the surface of the coating.
- Such a coating 4 can be obtained by incorporating into the enclosure 3 a mixture of powders 2 comprising:
- an activating component here an ammonium chloride powder NH 4 CI with a purity of at least 99.5%, the grain diameter of which is between 1 and 3mm;
- the composition of the powder mixture 2 optionally but advantageously, to within 2% by mass fraction: 7% of precursor of the first doping component, 3% of precursor of the second doping component, 7% of activating component and 83% of component inert.
- the mixture of powders 2 comprises a mass proportion between 6 and 8% of activating component and between 8 and 12% by mass of a mixture of aluminum and silicon powder, the remainder of inert diluent to reach 100%, chosen from refractory mineral oxide powders, the mixture of aluminum powder and silicon having a silicon / aluminum mass ratio of between 2 and 5.
- Such a mixture improves the creation of the protective layer.
- Such a mixture makes it possible to manufacture a part 1 of metallic refractory alloy comprising molybdenum covered at least partially by a coating 4 comprising a plurality of superposed layers, of which at least:
- a first layer 6 comprising a solid solution of aluminum and silicon in molybdenum, denoted Mo (Si, Al), has a thickness of between 0.1 ⁇ m and 1 ⁇ m, and has a molar fraction of aluminum of between 0.1% and 35% and a molar fraction of silicon of between 0.1% and 25%,
- a second layer 7 comprising a mass proportion greater than 75% of an aluminum molybdenum alloy AI8Mo3 and has a thickness of between 1 and 30 ⁇ m
- a third layer 8 having a thickness of between lpm and 25 pm and comprising a silicon-molybdenum aluminum alloy Mo (Si, AI) 2, the third layer having a cumulative atomic fraction of silicon and aluminum of between 65% and 68% and configured to generate a passive oxide layer when exposed to oxidizing conditions.
- Case hardening can be carried out in an enclosure 3 with a volume of 50 cm 3 , in which the powder mixture 2 incorporated contains 1.75 g of silicon powder, 0.75 g of aluminum powder, 1.75 g of chloride ammonium and 20.75g of alumina powder. Case hardening may be carried out in an enclosure 3 of different volume by adapting proportionally to the volume of enclosure 3 the mass quantity of powder mixture 2 in enclosure 3.
- the concentration of vapor phase AlCb obtained in enclosure 3 with such a powder mixing composition 2 makes it possible to obtain a higher aluminum content in the coating 4.
- the ductility of the coating which is rich in aluminum, is greater than that of a coating mainly comprising a molybdenum-silicon-aluminum alloy Mo (Si, AI) 2.
- the presence of the third layer 8, comprising the molybdenum-silicon-aluminum alloy Mo (Si, AI) 2 in the coating 4 guarantees resistance to oxidation by making it possible to form a layer of passivating alumina in temperature in an oxidizing atmosphere. .
- the passivating alumina layer on the coating 4 form during the stages of firing the ceramic core and firing the shell which are carried out in the presence of oxygen (generally in air).
- the alumina layer makes it possible to avoid oxidation at the heart of the part 1 during these cooking steps.
- the low wettability of nickel-based superalloys with alumina also makes this layer protective from any chemical reactivity between part 1 and the superalloy melted during casting.
- the refractory core coated with the coating 4 may thus undergo, for example, heat pretreatment in air at a temperature between 1000 and 1500 ° C.
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Abstract
Description
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1800849A FR3084891B1 (fr) | 2018-08-07 | 2018-08-07 | Revetement pour piece en alliage refractaire |
| PCT/FR2019/051916 WO2020030880A1 (fr) | 2018-08-07 | 2019-08-07 | Revetement pour piece en alliage refractaire |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3833798A1 true EP3833798A1 (fr) | 2021-06-16 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19759017.7A Pending EP3833798A1 (fr) | 2018-08-07 | 2019-08-07 | Revetement pour piece en alliage refractaire |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US11542586B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP3833798A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN112567064B (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3084891B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2020030880A1 (fr) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| FR3123365B1 (fr) * | 2021-06-01 | 2024-05-31 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de revetement d'une piece en alliage refractaire et piece ainsi revetue. |
| CN115896684B (zh) * | 2022-11-25 | 2025-02-14 | 江苏星铖新材料科技有限公司 | 一种在铜合金表面渗硅的方法 |
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| US3873347A (en) * | 1973-04-02 | 1975-03-25 | Gen Electric | Coating system for superalloys |
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| FR2303089A1 (fr) * | 1975-03-07 | 1976-10-01 | Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) | Perfectionnements aux procedes et dispositifs pour la formation d'alliages superficiels de diffusion sur des pieces metalliques et aux pieces correspondantes |
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| US7390534B2 (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2008-06-24 | General Electric Company | Diffusion coating process |
| KR100603020B1 (ko) * | 2004-07-01 | 2006-07-24 | 한국과학기술연구원 | MoSi₂―SiC 나노 복합 피복층 및 그 제조방법 |
| JP3757418B1 (ja) * | 2005-01-19 | 2006-03-22 | 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 | 拡散アルミナイドコーティングの局部施工方法 |
| FR3029535B1 (fr) * | 2014-12-03 | 2017-01-06 | Snecma | Procede de fabrication d'une piece revetue d'un revetement protecteur |
| US9909019B2 (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2018-03-06 | General Electric Company | Diffusion coatings for metal-based substrate and methods of preparation thereof |
| CN108300960B (zh) * | 2018-03-06 | 2020-07-07 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | 一种不含金属粉末的表面扩渗剂及其应用 |
| DE102018215313A1 (de) * | 2018-09-10 | 2020-03-12 | MTU Aero Engines AG | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines oxidationsbeständigen Bauteils aus einer Molybdän-Basislegierung |
-
2018
- 2018-08-07 FR FR1800849A patent/FR3084891B1/fr active Active
-
2019
- 2019-08-07 US US17/265,835 patent/US11542586B2/en active Active
- 2019-08-07 EP EP19759017.7A patent/EP3833798A1/fr active Pending
- 2019-08-07 WO PCT/FR2019/051916 patent/WO2020030880A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2019-08-07 CN CN201980053168.XA patent/CN112567064B/zh active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US11542586B2 (en) | 2023-01-03 |
| FR3084891A1 (fr) | 2020-02-14 |
| CN112567064B (zh) | 2023-06-20 |
| WO2020030880A1 (fr) | 2020-02-13 |
| CN112567064A (zh) | 2021-03-26 |
| US20210292882A1 (en) | 2021-09-23 |
| FR3084891B1 (fr) | 2022-06-24 |
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