EP3827200A1 - Speisewasserregelung für zwangdurchlauf-abhitzedampferzeuger - Google Patents
Speisewasserregelung für zwangdurchlauf-abhitzedampferzeugerInfo
- Publication number
- EP3827200A1 EP3827200A1 EP19783975.6A EP19783975A EP3827200A1 EP 3827200 A1 EP3827200 A1 EP 3827200A1 EP 19783975 A EP19783975 A EP 19783975A EP 3827200 A1 EP3827200 A1 EP 3827200A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- evaporator
- flow
- preheater
- heating surfaces
- feed water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D5/00—Controlling water feed or water level; Automatic water feeding or water-level regulators
- F22D5/26—Automatic feed-control systems
- F22D5/34—Applications of valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B29/00—Steam boilers of forced-flow type
- F22B29/06—Steam boilers of forced-flow type of once-through type, i.e. built-up from tubes receiving water at one end and delivering superheated steam at the other end of the tubes
- F22B29/067—Steam boilers of forced-flow type of once-through type, i.e. built-up from tubes receiving water at one end and delivering superheated steam at the other end of the tubes operating at critical or supercritical pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
- F22B35/06—Control systems for steam boilers for steam boilers of forced-flow type
- F22B35/10—Control systems for steam boilers for steam boilers of forced-flow type of once-through type
- F22B35/12—Control systems for steam boilers for steam boilers of forced-flow type of once-through type operating at critical or supercritical pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D5/00—Controlling water feed or water level; Automatic water feeding or water-level regulators
- F22D5/26—Automatic feed-control systems
- F22D5/30—Automatic feed-control systems responsive to both water level and amount of steam withdrawn or steam pressure
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating a continuous steam generator designed as a waste heat steam generator. It also relates to a once-through steam generator to carry out the process.
- the feed water control concept for Benson evaporators is essentially based on the calculation of a pilot control signal for the feed water mass flow based on measured process variables.
- a pilot signal a1 is typically calculated from known setpoints or disturbance variables of the control loop or their changes and finally multiplied by the output signal of the controller. It anticipates the controller's reaction to a setpoint change or a disturbance variable and increases the dynamics of the controller so that the desired overheating at the evaporator outlet (setpoint) is set as well as possible in all conceivable phases of the process.
- a feed water control for Benson-Abhit steam generators is disclosed for example in EP 2 212 618 B1.
- a sufficiently reliable predictive mass flow control that can also be used for steam generators connected as waste heat boilers should be largely adapted to the special features of the waste heat boiler.
- the firing capacity is not a suitable parameter in this case, which allows a sufficiently reliable conclusion to be drawn about the underlying heat flow balance.
- other internal gas turbine parameters can also be added, so that no acceptable conclusion can be drawn about the enthalpy conditions when the heating gas enters the Flue gas duct of the steam generator is possible.
- other, particularly suitable parameters should therefore be used, such as the heating gas temperature when entering the evaporator and the mass flow of the heating gas.
- EP 2 297 518 B1 also discloses that characteristic correction values are taken into account for the time derivative of the enthalpy at the input of one or more of the evaporator heating surfaces.
- DE 10 2010 040 210 Al also discloses a method in which a more characteristic for the time derivative of the enthalpy, the temperature or the density of the flow medium at the entrance of one or more of the heating surfaces is used to create the setpoint for the feed water mass flow Correction value is taken into account.
- DE 10 2011 004 263 A1 also discloses a method for operating a solar-heated heat recovery steam generator, in which a setpoint for the feed water mass flow is supplied to a device for adjusting the feed water mass flow, a characteristic correction value being taken into account by the thermal storage effects of - Corrected or stored thermal energy in one or more of the heating surfaces.
- the invention solves the object directed to a method by providing that in a continuous steam generator designed as a waste heat treatment generator with a preheater, comprising a number of preheater heating surfaces, and with an evaporator comprising a number of the preheater heating surfaces connected downstream of the flow medium on the evaporator heating surfaces a device for setting a feed water mass flow is supplied with a setpoint for the feed water mass flow, a waste heat flow transferred to a fluid in the evaporator heating surfaces being determined when the setpoint for the feed water mass flow is created and also mass storage and energy storage in the fluid in the evaporator heating surfaces during transient operation of the system are recorded, a temporal behavior of the mass storage in the evaporator is coupled to a temporal behavior of a mass storage in the preheater, a
- Scaling takes place with a ratio of the density changes in the evaporator and in the preheater.
- Fluid particles is connected and flows with it through the evaporator, but that the observer views the evaporator as a balance space into which fluid flows in and out.
- a fluid particle will always absorb energy on the way from the evaporator inlet to the evaporator outlet, regardless of whether the system operation is stationary or non-stationary. It is different when considering the system according to the invention, where in stationary operation of the system (the evaporator) the same temperatures and pressures are measured at different times in the evaporator and thus the time derivatives of the corresponding terms in the descriptions of the process Formulas become zero.
- the changes in time of these parameters during transient operation of the evaporator are now taken into account by the inventive method. Of course, energy or mass injections as well as energy or mass withdrawals can occur.
- the storage terms for mass storage and energy storage are advantageously determined from current measured values. This enables a particularly reliable evaluation of the heat flow balance and thus the determination of a particularly precise pre-calculated feed water setpoint.
- the current measured values are expediently pressures and temperatures at the preheater inlet, at the preheater outlet or evaporator inlet and at the evaporator outlet.
- the enthalpy of boiling and the enthalpy of saturation are determined via at least one pressure measurement at the evaporator inlet or at the evaporator outlet.
- the correction values for mass storage and energy storage for determining the setpoint for the feed water mass flow are advantageously determined taking into account the time derivatives of the boiling and saturation enthalpies in the evaporator and a density of the flow medium in the preheater.
- an average fluid density in the preheater can be defined and calculated, in particular by suitable measurements of temperature and pressure at the inlet and at the outlet of the respective preheater heating surface, expediently using a linear density profile. This can be used to compensate for mass storage effects that result from transient processes. If, for example, the heat supply drops into the evaporator heating surfaces during a load change, fluid is temporarily stored there. With a constant flow rate of the feed water pump, the mass flow would decrease when the heating surface emerged. This can now be compensated for by temporarily increasing the feed water mass flow.
- Time derivatives are advantageously determined via a first and a second differentiating element, preferably DTI elements, to which parameters such as temperature and pressure are supplied on the input side at suitable measuring points.
- the first differentiator describing the course of the density change in the preheater for the estimation of the mass storage is acted upon with a gain factor corresponding to the total volume of the flow medium in the evaporator heating.
- the first differentiating element is subjected to a time constant that corresponds to substantially half of the flow time of the flow medium through the evaporator.
- the second differentiating element is subjected to a time constant for the estimation of the energy storage which is between 5s and 40s.
- the above-mentioned object is achieved by a once-through steam generator with a number of evaporator heating surfaces and a number of preheater heating surfaces connected upstream of the fluid medium and with a device for adjusting the feed water mass flow which can be carried out on the basis of a set value for the feed water mass flow, the set value being designed on the basis of the invented method,
- the correction of the control signal before can be significantly reduced by the controller and the controller can be parameterized with a lower gain.
- the problem of undesirable process residual fluctuations of significant order of magnitude described above can thus be eliminated.
- the operating behavior of the system is not negatively affected.
- Empirically found correction factors for the pilot control signal are also conceivable.
- Figure 1 is a sketch of the algorithm for calculating the
- FIG. 2 shows the measured variables and the approximations derived therefrom for the changes in the algorithm for calculating the nominal value of the feed water mass flow, as they are to be implemented in the power plant automation.
- FIG. I shows schematically the change in the algorithm resulting from the invention for calculating the setpoint for the feed water mass flow M TM.
- the portion of the algorithm relevant to the invention is shown within the dashed outline and the state of the art outside.
- the setpoint for the feed water mass flow M FW is therefore composed of the feed water mass flow for the evaporator M EV , i n and the mass flow MS, E stored or stored in the preheater, corrected by a factor fctri
- the feed water mass flow for the evaporator M Ev , i n results as the quotient of the heat flow ⁇ E V , fi transferred from the exhaust gas to the fluid in the evaporator and the setpoint for the enthalpy change in the evaporator Ev, set.
- the term for the evaporator to the fluid in the Ver ⁇ transmitted heat flow through two further terms will he supplemented and corrected.
- the first correction concerns the mass storage effect in comparison liner
- the second correction refers to the Energy Profifact ⁇ fect in the evaporator.
- the mass storage effect is in the heat flows in FIG. 1
- Ki ⁇ These values are approximated according to the invention adapted so that it consists of process variables determined .ge messengeren NEN.
- FIG. 2 shows these measured variables or the measuring points in the forced-flow heat recovery steam generator and their processing.
- the forced-flow heat recovery steam generator according to FIG. 2 comprises a preheater 1, also referred to as an economizer, for as Flow medium provided feed water, with a number of preheater heating surfaces 2, and an evaporator 3 with a number of evaporator heating surfaces 4 connected downstream of the preheater heating surfaces 2 on the flow medium side 4.
- the evaporator 3 is followed by a superheater 12 with corresponding superheat heating surfaces 13.
- the heating surfaces are located in a throttle cable, not shown, which is subjected to the exhaust gas of an ordered gas turbine system.
- the once-through steam generator is designed for a controlled supply of feed water.
- a feed water pump 31 is a servomotor
- the 32 driven throttle valve 33 is connected downstream, so that the feed water quantity fed by the feed water pump 31 in the direction of the preheater 1 or the feed water mass flow is adjustable via a suitable control of the throttle valve 33.
- the throttle valve is used to determine a current characteristic value for the feed water mass flow supplied
- a measuring device 34 for determining the feed water mass flow through the feed water line 35.
- the servomotor 32 is controlled via a control element 36 which is supplied on the input side with a setpoint for the feed water mass flow M F supplied via a data line 37 and with the current actual value of the feed water mass flow determined via the measuring device 34. By forming a difference between these two signals, a need for follow-up is transmitted to the controller 36, so that if the actual value deviates from the target value, the throttle valve 33 is correspondingly controlled by controlling the motor 32.
- the data line 37 is connected on the input side to a feed water flow rate control 38 designed for specifying the set point value for the feed water mass flow MF W.
- a feed water flow rate control 38 designed for specifying the set point value for the feed water mass flow MF W.
- This is for it designed to determine the setpoint for the feed water mass flow M FW on the basis of a heat flow balance in the evaporator heating surfaces 4, the set value for the feed water mass flow M FW being determined by determining a waste heat flow transferred to a fluid in the evaporator heating surfaces 4 and furthermore mass storage and energy storage tion in the fluid in the evaporator heating surfaces 4 are taken into account.
- FIG. 2 shows only the elements in the feed water flow control 38 that are relevant for the correction of the feed water mass flow setpoint M F according to the invention. The part known from the prior art is not shown.
- the measured values for determining a setpoint for the feed water mass flow FW are pressure and temperature values and the measuring points are in the areas of preheater inlet 5, preheater outlet 6 or evaporator inlet 7 and evaporator outlet 8.
- the measured values determined are processed in function elements 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18.
- the density of the fluid at different locations of the heating surfaces of preheater 1 and evaporator 3 is determined from the measured values of pressure and temperature.
- the fourth and fifth function elements 17 and 18 deliver the enthalpy of boiling and saturation from measured pressure values.
- the storage term for mass storage dt is approxi mated by a mean value is formed from the determined densities at preheater input b and at preheater output 6 via a first adder 19 and a first multiplier 20, which is then in the first differentiator 9 with a corresponding selected time constants processed further and with a corresponding to the total volume V EV of the flow medium in the evaporator heating surfaces 4 Gain factor in the second multiplier 21 is applied.
- a further scaling takes place in a subsequent third multiplication element 22 with a ratio of the changes in the fluid in the evaporator 3 and in the preheater 1, which is determined by means of the first and second subtraction elements 23 and 24 and the first dividing element 25 in the manner as in shown in Figure 2.
- the storage term for energy storage dt is approved by forming an average value from the determined enthalpies with the aid of the second adder 26 and the fourth multiplication member 27. This mean value is a good assumption for the specific enthalpy of the fluid in the evaporator 3. dUE V
- the storage term for energy storage dt is now determined by the sum of two terms.
- the first term is determined by further processing the specific enthalpy of the fluid in the evaporator 3 in the second differentiating element 10 with an appropriately selected time constant and applying an average value of the fluid masses M Ev i m evaporator at maximum and minimum load in the fifth multiplication element 28. For the sake of simplicity, this mean value is regarded as a constant value over time.
- the second term is determined by the specific enthalpy of the fluid in the evaporator 3 with the storage term for the mass storage v
- the two terms are combined.
- the corresponding algorithm is to be implemented in the function plans of the feed water control and thus in the power plant automation.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18203107.0A EP3647657A1 (de) | 2018-10-29 | 2018-10-29 | Speisewasserregelung für zwangdurchlauf-abhitzedampferzeuger |
| PCT/EP2019/075105 WO2020088838A1 (de) | 2018-10-29 | 2019-09-19 | Speisewasserregelung für zwangdurchlauf-abhitzedampferzeuger |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3827200A1 true EP3827200A1 (de) | 2021-06-02 |
| EP3827200B1 EP3827200B1 (de) | 2022-06-29 |
Family
ID=64082950
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18203107.0A Withdrawn EP3647657A1 (de) | 2018-10-29 | 2018-10-29 | Speisewasserregelung für zwangdurchlauf-abhitzedampferzeuger |
| EP19783975.6A Active EP3827200B1 (de) | 2018-10-29 | 2019-09-19 | Speisewasserregelung für zwangdurchlauf-abhitzedampferzeuger |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18203107.0A Withdrawn EP3647657A1 (de) | 2018-10-29 | 2018-10-29 | Speisewasserregelung für zwangdurchlauf-abhitzedampferzeuger |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US11530812B2 (de) |
| EP (2) | EP3647657A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP7114808B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR102558369B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN113056639B (de) |
| CA (1) | CA3117871C (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2927687T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2020088838A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2020274979B2 (en) | 2019-05-10 | 2025-08-28 | Solmetex, Llc | Dental mouthpiece |
| CN114636144B (zh) * | 2022-02-25 | 2023-10-20 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司西北电力试验研究院 | 一种基于水煤比自寻优的超临界火电机组给水设定方法 |
Family Cites Families (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH599504A5 (de) * | 1975-09-26 | 1978-05-31 | Sulzer Ag | |
| JPS5341602A (en) * | 1976-09-28 | 1978-04-15 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Controlling device for one-through boiler |
| DE4217626A1 (de) * | 1992-05-27 | 1993-12-02 | Siemens Ag | Zwangdurchlaufdampferzeuger |
| EP0639253B1 (de) * | 1992-05-04 | 1996-12-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Zwangdurchlaufdampferzeuger |
| DE19604416C2 (de) * | 1996-02-07 | 2002-05-16 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur Entspannung eines Rauchgasstroms in einer Turbine sowie entsprechende Turbine |
| WO2003029619A1 (en) * | 2001-09-28 | 2003-04-10 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Temperature control device of evaporator |
| EP1614962A1 (de) | 2004-07-09 | 2006-01-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Durchlaufdampferzeugers |
| US8118895B1 (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2012-02-21 | Bechtel Power Corporation | Method and apparatus for refueling existing natural gas combined cycle plant as a non-integrated gasification combined cycle plant |
| EP2065641A3 (de) * | 2007-11-28 | 2010-06-09 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Betrieben eines Durchlaufdampferzeugers sowie Zwangdurchlaufdampferzeuger |
| WO2009106563A2 (de) * | 2008-02-26 | 2009-09-03 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Verfahren zur regelung eines dampferzeugers und regelschaltung für einen dampferzeuger |
| EP2194320A1 (de) * | 2008-06-12 | 2010-06-09 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Durchlaufdampferzeugers sowie Zwangdurchlaufdampferzeuger |
| EP2224164A1 (de) * | 2008-11-13 | 2010-09-01 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Abhitzedampferzeugers |
| US20130133751A1 (en) * | 2009-12-08 | 2013-05-30 | Christoph Backi | Method and device for regulating the production of steam in a steam plant |
| DE102010040210A1 (de) * | 2010-09-03 | 2012-03-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solarbeheizten Durchlaufdampferzeugers sowie solarthermischer Durchlaufdampferzeuger |
| DE102010042458A1 (de) * | 2010-10-14 | 2012-04-19 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer kombinierten Gas- und Dampfturbinenanlage sowie zur Durchführung des Verfahrens hergerichtete Gas- und Dampfturbinenanlage und entsprechende Regelvorrichtung |
| DE102011004277A1 (de) * | 2011-02-17 | 2012-08-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Betrieb eines direkt beheizten, solarthermischen Dampferzeugers |
| DE102011004263A1 (de) * | 2011-02-17 | 2012-08-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solarbeheizten Abhitzedampferzeugers sowie solarthermischer Abhitzedampferzeuger |
| DE102011076968A1 (de) | 2011-06-06 | 2012-12-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Umlauf-Abhitzedampferzeugers |
| AT511189B1 (de) * | 2011-07-14 | 2012-10-15 | Avl List Gmbh | Verfahren zur regelung einer wärmenutzungsvorrichtung bei einer brennkraftmaschine |
| CN109563985B (zh) * | 2016-08-05 | 2021-06-25 | 西门子股份公司 | 用于操作废热蒸汽发生器的方法 |
| EP3495732B1 (de) * | 2017-12-08 | 2024-02-14 | General Electric Technology GmbH | Zwangsdurchlaufverdampfersysteme |
| EP3495731B1 (de) * | 2017-12-08 | 2022-02-16 | General Electric Technology GmbH | Einmaldurchlaufverdampfersysteme |
-
2018
- 2018-10-29 EP EP18203107.0A patent/EP3647657A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2019
- 2019-09-19 US US17/282,022 patent/US11530812B2/en active Active
- 2019-09-19 KR KR1020217015943A patent/KR102558369B1/ko active Active
- 2019-09-19 CA CA3117871A patent/CA3117871C/en active Active
- 2019-09-19 ES ES19783975T patent/ES2927687T3/es active Active
- 2019-09-19 WO PCT/EP2019/075105 patent/WO2020088838A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2019-09-19 EP EP19783975.6A patent/EP3827200B1/de active Active
- 2019-09-19 JP JP2021523264A patent/JP7114808B2/ja active Active
- 2019-09-19 CN CN201980070849.7A patent/CN113056639B/zh active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113056639B (zh) | 2023-04-14 |
| JP2022514453A (ja) | 2022-02-14 |
| EP3647657A1 (de) | 2020-05-06 |
| EP3827200B1 (de) | 2022-06-29 |
| CA3117871A1 (en) | 2020-05-07 |
| ES2927687T3 (es) | 2022-11-10 |
| KR20210083302A (ko) | 2021-07-06 |
| WO2020088838A1 (de) | 2020-05-07 |
| KR102558369B1 (ko) | 2023-07-24 |
| CN113056639A (zh) | 2021-06-29 |
| JP7114808B2 (ja) | 2022-08-08 |
| CA3117871C (en) | 2023-10-03 |
| US20210341139A1 (en) | 2021-11-04 |
| US11530812B2 (en) | 2022-12-20 |
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