EP3824342A2 - Verre de lunettes progressif à indice de réfraction variable et son procédé de conception et de fabrication - Google Patents

Verre de lunettes progressif à indice de réfraction variable et son procédé de conception et de fabrication

Info

Publication number
EP3824342A2
EP3824342A2 EP19740030.2A EP19740030A EP3824342A2 EP 3824342 A2 EP3824342 A2 EP 3824342A2 EP 19740030 A EP19740030 A EP 19740030A EP 3824342 A2 EP3824342 A2 EP 3824342A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lens
progressive
varifocal
eye
refractive index
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19740030.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gerhard Kelch
Christoph Menke
Helmut Wietschorke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carl Zeiss Vision International GmbH
Original Assignee
Carl Zeiss Vision International GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from PCT/EP2018/069806 external-priority patent/WO2019141386A1/fr
Application filed by Carl Zeiss Vision International GmbH filed Critical Carl Zeiss Vision International GmbH
Publication of EP3824342A2 publication Critical patent/EP3824342A2/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C7/00—Optical parts
    • G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
    • G02C7/022—Ophthalmic lenses having special refractive features achieved by special materials or material structures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C7/00—Optical parts
    • G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
    • G02C7/024—Methods of designing ophthalmic lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C7/00—Optical parts
    • G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
    • G02C7/024—Methods of designing ophthalmic lenses
    • G02C7/027—Methods of designing ophthalmic lenses considering wearer's parameters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C7/00—Optical parts
    • G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
    • G02C7/024—Methods of designing ophthalmic lenses
    • G02C7/028—Special mathematical design techniques
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C7/00—Optical parts
    • G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
    • G02C7/06—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses bifocal; multifocal ; progressive
    • G02C7/061—Spectacle lenses with progressively varying focal power
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C7/00—Optical parts
    • G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
    • G02C7/06—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses bifocal; multifocal ; progressive
    • G02C7/061—Spectacle lenses with progressively varying focal power
    • G02C7/063—Shape of the progressive surface
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C7/00—Optical parts
    • G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
    • G02C7/06—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses bifocal; multifocal ; progressive
    • G02C7/061—Spectacle lenses with progressively varying focal power
    • G02C7/063—Shape of the progressive surface
    • G02C7/065—Properties on the principal line
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C7/00—Optical parts
    • G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
    • G02C7/06—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses bifocal; multifocal ; progressive
    • G02C7/061—Spectacle lenses with progressively varying focal power
    • G02C7/068—Special properties achieved by the combination of the front and back surfaces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C2202/00—Generic optical aspects applicable to one or more of the subgroups of G02C7/00
    • G02C2202/12—Locally varying refractive index, gradient index lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C2202/00—Generic optical aspects applicable to one or more of the subgroups of G02C7/00
    • G02C2202/16—Laminated or compound lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C2202/00—Generic optical aspects applicable to one or more of the subgroups of G02C7/00
    • G02C2202/20—Diffractive and Fresnel lenses or lens portions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a product comprising a progressive lens or a representation of the progressive lens on a data carrier according to the preamble of claims 1 and 13, a computer-implemented method for designing a progressive lens according to the preamble of claim 25 and a method for manufacturing a progressive lens according to claims 36 and 37 and a
  • a computer program according to claim 34 and a computer-readable medium according to claim 35 are identical to claim 34.
  • Presbyopic people have an additional optical effect in the lower part of the glass for viewing nearby objects, e.g. while reading, available. This is required because the lens of the eye loses its ability to focus on nearby objects more and more with age.
  • Progressive lenses offer the advantage over these multifocal lenses, a continuous increase in the optical effect from the female part to the near part
  • the female part is part of a
  • Multi-vision or progressive lenses that have the dioptric effect for seeing into the distance. Accordingly, the near part according to section 14.1.3 of this standard is the part of a multi-vision or progressive lens that has the dioptric effect for seeing nearby.
  • a progressive surface is a non-rotationally symmetrical surface with a continuous change in the curvature over the entire progressive surface or a part thereof, which generally serves to provide an increasing close-up addition or a degression effect.
  • a progressive lens can be optimized according to this state of the art described above, which leads to a specific design, taking into account usage conditions, thickness specifications, etc. and using a material with a constant refractive index.
  • a main line of sight can be determined for this varifocal lens, which covers all of the viewing points through one of the two surfaces, e.g. represents the front surface or the rear surface, in particular the varifocal surface, when the eye is looking at object points straight ahead in front of the spectacle wearer from the distance and for which small astigmatic residual defects can be achieved, in particular in the intermediate part.
  • Intermediate part is the whole
  • the intermediate part is defined as part of a three-strength spectacle lens that has the dioptric effect for seeing at a distance that is between distance and proximity.
  • the astigmatic residual errors next to the main line of sight will increase in the horizontal direction (due to the increase in effectiveness in the vertical direction).
  • WO 89/04986 A1 starts from progressive lenses (in this document the term “progressive lenses” is used) of the type described above.
  • WO 89/04986 A1 further explains on page 2 that although spectacle lenses with a changing refractive index are known, the implementation of progressive spectacle lenses by replacing the complicated surface design of the varifocal surface with a varying one
  • the intermediate refractive index of the glass material at least partially contributes to the increase in the refractive index. "However, this is realized with the objective that" the
  • polishing tools the polishing surfaces of which are roughly the size of the polish
  • the front surface has one
  • Main meridian in the form of a circle (cf. ibid. P. 10, lines 6-13) and perpendicular to it the shape of conic sections (cf. ibid., P. 11, lines 6-14). The back is the first
  • WO 89/12841 Al an eyeglass lens with a front and an eye side
  • WO 99/13361 A1 describes a so-called “MIV” lens object, which should have all the functional features of progressive lenses, namely a distal part, a near part and a progression zone, the edge regions of which, however, should be free of astigmatic aberrations.
  • MIV lens object
  • This document describes that such a lens object can have a spherical front and a spherical rear surface.
  • the lens object should have a progression zone with a refractive index that increases continuously from the far part to the near part. With such an embodiment, however, not all of the desired ones can usually be obtained
  • Refractive index in the different areas provides the desired addition using much less differentiated curves between the partial effect and the near part effect with a reduction in the aberration area and an increase in the useful visible area.
  • US 2010/238400 A1 describes progressive lenses which consist of several layers. At least one of the layers can have a varying refractive index, which is described with reference to two meridians running orthogonally to one another. In addition, at least one of the surfaces of one of the layers can have a progressive surface shape. It is described that the refractive index curve in the horizontal direction can be used for the full correction of the geometries of the surfaces.
  • Yuki Shitanoki et al "Application of Graded-Index for Astigmatism Reduction in Progressive Addition Lens", Applied Physics Express, Vol. 2, March 1, 2009, page 032401 describes, by comparing two progressive lenses with the same molded shell, that the Astigmatism in a varifocal lens with a refractive index gradient can be reduced compared to a varifocal lens without a refractive index gradient.
  • EP 2 177 943 A1 describes a method for calculating by optimizing an optical system, for example an ophthalmic lens according to at least one criterion from a list of criteria influencing the visual impression of a subject.
  • the document proposes a cost function taking into account target values and
  • the working optical system to be optimized comprises at least two optical surfaces and the modified parameters are at least the coefficients of the equations of two optical surfaces of the working optical system.
  • a Machining system operated so that at least the index of the working optical system is modified. It is possible to manufacture a lens from an inhomogeneous material, in which has a gradient in the refractive index (known as the GRIN lens).
  • the distribution of the index being optimized can be axial or radial and / or can depend on the wavelength.
  • WO 2011/093929 A1 discloses a progressive spectacle lens with two progressive surfaces but a non-varying refractive index, in which the rear surface is designed in such a way that the minimum amount of the mean curvature of the rear surface is in the progression channel.
  • EP 3 273 292 A1 describes the manufacture of glasses with additives
  • WO 89/04986 A1 proposes to reduce the complexity of the necessary surface geometry by introducing a complicated but technically feasible refractive index distribution in order to simplify its manufacture (see ibid., P. 2, section 4, last line; p 4, first section, last sentence; page 5, first section; page 5, second section; page 5, last section, last sentence; page 6, second last section) and in this way the large deviations of the manufactured surface which impair the optical properties to reduce the calculated area (see ibid. p. 1, 3rd section), the inventors have recognized that this procedure does not necessarily lead to progressive lenses with optical properties that are better for the wearer. The inventors have recognized that the interplay of the degree of complexity of the geometry of the varifocal surface and the degree of complexity of the refractive index distribution is important.
  • the inventors therefore propose a product comprising a progressive lens or a representation of the progressive lens on a data carrier. Glasses or a data carrier with a virtual representation of the progressive lens.
  • the progressive lens has a front surface and a rear surface as well as a spatially varying refractive index.
  • the front surface or the rear surface or front and rear surface are designed as a progressive surface.
  • the progressive lens is characterized according to the invention in that the front surface designed as a progressive surface is designed as a free-form surface or that the rear surface designed as a progressive surface is designed as a free-form surface or that both surfaces designed as progressive surfaces are designed as free-form surfaces. This also includes the case in which both surfaces, namely the front and rear surfaces, are designed as varifocal surfaces, but only one of the two surfaces is merely a free-form surface.
  • the expression “representation of a varifocals lens on a data carrier” means, for example, a representation of the progressive spectacle lens stored in a memory of a computer.
  • the representation of the progressive lens includes, in particular, a description of the geometric shape and the medium of the progressive lens.
  • a representation can e.g. include a mathematical description of the front surface, the rear surface, the arrangement of these surfaces with respect to one another (including the thickness) and the boundary of the progressive lens and the refractive index distribution of the medium from which the progressive lens is to be made.
  • This representation of the geometric shape of the spectacle lens could also include the question of certain construction reference points, centering points and markings for aligning the fin (permanent marking) (see section 14.1.24 of DIN EN ISO 13666: 2012).
  • the representation can be in coded or even in encrypted form.
  • the medium here means the material (s) from which the varifocal lens is made.
  • Geometric shape of the progressive lens and the medium from which the progressive lens is formed can also by a transformation in manufacturing data to
  • Manufacturing the progressive lens can be transformable.
  • the representation can comprise the transformed production data for producing the progressive lens.
  • manufacturing data is understood to mean the data which (i) can be loaded into the control device of the production machine or (ii) into the control device or the control devices of the production machines in order to obtain the varifocal spectacle lens with the geometric shape according to the invention and the To manufacture medium.
  • virtual representation means a description of the geometric shape and the medium, in particular its
  • Refractive index profile of the varifocal glasses can e.g. include a mathematical description of the front surface, the rear surface, the arrangement of these surfaces relative to one another (including the thickness) and the boundary of the varifocal lens and the refractive index distribution of the medium from which the varifocal lens is to be made.
  • the representation can be in coded or even in encrypted form.
  • the medium here means the material (s) from which the varifocal lens is made.
  • the front surface or surface of the object on the side of an eyeglass lens is the surface of an eyeglass lens that is intended to face away from the eye in the glasses.
  • the back surface is the surface on the eye side, that is to say the surface of a spectacle lens that is intended to face the eye in the spectacles.
  • a varifocal surface is one according to section 7.7 of DIN EN ISO 13666: 2013-10
  • non-rotationally symmetrical surface with a continuous change in curvature over the entire surface or a part thereof, which generally serves to provide an increasing close addition or a degression effect.
  • every free-form surface is a varifocal surface, but not the other way round.
  • a continuous change prevents sudden changes.
  • the spatially varying refractive index represents the near addition or the
  • a free-form surface is understood to mean a complex surface, which is in particular using exclusively (in particular piecewise) polynomial functions
  • polynomial splines such as bicubic splines, higher-grade splines of the fourth degree or higher, Zemike polynomials, Forbes surfaces, Chebyshev polynomials,
  • NURBS polynomial non-uniform rational B-splines
  • NURBS polynomial non-uniform rational B-splines
  • the free-form surface is a free-form surface in the narrower sense according to section 2.1.2 of DIN SPEC 58194 from December 2015, namely an eyeglass lens surface manufactured in free-form technology that is within the limits of the
  • the free-form surface can not only have no point symmetry and no axis symmetry, but also none
  • the progressive spectacle lens comprises a uniform substrate having a spatially varying refractive index with a front surface and a rear surface.
  • the front surface and the rear surface of the substrate form
  • the term “uniform” means that the substrate itself does not consist of several individual parts forming discrete interfaces.
  • the refractive index changes only in a first spatial dimension and in a second spatial dimension and is constant in a third spatial dimension, a distribution of the refractive index in the first spatial dimension and the second spatial dimension having neither point nor axis symmetry.
  • a distribution of the refractive index in the first spatial dimension and the second spatial dimension has neither point nor axis symmetry in all planes perpendicular to the third spatial dimension.
  • a distribution of the refractive index has no point and no axis symmetry at all.
  • the third spatial dimension in case (a) or (b) runs in a preferred one
  • the prismatic measuring point is according to DIN EN ISO 13666: 2013-10 - 14.2.12 (at one
  • Progressive lens or a varifocal lens point on the front surface specified by the manufacturer, in which the prismatic effects of the finished lens must be determined.
  • the definition of the center point can be found in DIN EN ISO 13666: 2013-10 in section 5.20.
  • the front surface designed as a free-form surface is designed such that the maximum of the amount of the mean curvature of the front surface is in the progression channel, and / or
  • the rear surface designed as a free-form surface is designed such that the minimum of the amount of the mean curvature of the rear surface is in the progression channel, or
  • the rear surface has a spherical, rotationally symmetrical aspherical or toric surface geometry and the front surface designed as a free-form surface is designed such that the maximum of the amount of the mean curvature of the front surface is in the progression channel, or (iv) the front surface has a spherical, rotationally symmetrical aspherical or toric surface geometry and the rear surface designed as a free-form surface is designed such that the minimum of the amount of the mean curvature of the rear surface is in the progression channel, or
  • the rear surface is not designed as a free-form surface and the front surface designed as a free-form surface is designed such that the maximum of the amount of the mean curvature of the front surface is in the progression channel, or
  • the front surface is not designed as a free-form surface and the rear surface designed as a free-form surface is designed such that the minimum of the amount of the mean curvature of the rear surface is in the progression channel.
  • the progression channel is the area of a varifocal glasses that enables sharp vision for distances between the distance and the vicinity.
  • Such surfaces can be manufactured with the highest precision using the production methods available today.
  • this surface geometry for the front surface, there are advantages in production.
  • the polishing removal using currently common polishing tools whose at least approximately spherical polishing surface corresponds to approximately one third of the spectacle lens surface to be polished, can be kept sufficiently homogeneous above the spectacle lens surface to be polished, so that the deviation from the calculated spectacle lens geometry is comparatively small. The deviation of the actual optical properties from the calculated optical properties of the spectacle lens is therefore extremely small.
  • a further variant of the invention is characterized in that the progressive spectacle lens according to the invention is designed in such a way that, for the progressive spectacle wearer, the lenses described below compared to a comparison progressive spectacle lens which has no spatial refractive index variation but an identical distribution of the spherical equivalent, has more advantageous optical properties.
  • a spectacle lens is designed for a predetermined arrangement in front of an eye of a spectacle wearer and for one or more predetermined object removals, under which the spectacle wearer is to perceive an object sharply.
  • the lens is worthless or the optical quality is severely limited for the wearer.
  • a progressive lens is only about the knowledge of the predetermined arrangement before the eye of the eyeglass wearer
  • Varifocals lens is determined, is therefore an inseparable part of the product (product) or the merchandise "G 1 eitsicht glasses".
  • the manufacturer applies permanent markings to the optician.
  • this is referred to as a marking for alignment or permanent marking and was applied by the manufacturer in order to ensure the horizontal orientation of the lens or the reconstruction of others
  • the manufacturer of rough-edged finished spectacle lenses must enable identification by specifying them on the individual packaging or in an accompanying document. In particular, he has correction values for use situations, the additive effect, the type designation or the trade name and the necessary information to measure the additive.
  • the object distance model used by the manufacturer for the varifocal lens is derived from the type designation or the trade name.
  • the object distance for long-range or close-up areas may also be an order parameter that can or must be specified by the optician.
  • a manufacturer is a natural or legal person who manufactures the raw-edged product
  • the product further includes a representation of a predetermined arrangement of the progressive spectacle lens on a data carrier in front of an eye of a progressive lens wearer for whom the progressive lens is intended.
  • the varifocals lens designed according to the invention (not only) has this Variant a distribution of a spherical equivalent for the predetermined arrangement of the varifocal lens in front of the eye of the varifocal lens wearer, for whom the varifocal lens is intended.
  • the progressive lens designed according to the invention has a progression channel with a width.
  • the varifocals lens designed according to this variant has a refractive index that varies spatially in such a way that the width of the progression channel of the varifocals lens is at least in one section (e.g. in a horizontal section or in the area of the progression channel in which the increase in effect between 2 5% and 75% of the addition is or over the entire length; the width of the progression channel at the beginning and at the end of the progression channel sometimes depends on the design of the distance or near part) or is greater over the entire length of the progression channel, than the width of the progression channel of a comparative varifocal lens for the same prescription and with the same object distance model with the same distribution of the spherical equivalent with the same arrangement of the comparative spectacle lens in front of the eye of the varifocal lens wearer, but the refractive index does not vary spatially ,
  • spherical equivalent is defined here as the arithmetic mean of the focusing effect, as is the case, for example, from Albert J. Augustin: Ophthalmology. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Springer, Berlin u. a. 2007, ISBN 978-3-540- 30454-8, p. 1272 or Heinz Diepes, Ralf Blendowske: optics and technology of the glasses. 1.
  • the progression channel is according to DIN EN ISO
  • Progression channel runs the main line of sight, which is the total of all view points through one of the two delimiting surfaces, ie the front surface or the rear surface of the progressive spectacle lens when the eye is looking at object points straight ahead from the distance from the distance from the distance.
  • the main line of sight is regularly adopted on the front surface.
  • the main line of sight is the line on the front surface of a spectacle lens that defines the main viewing points through the
  • Progressive lens for vision in the distance and in the vicinity connects and on which the penetration points of the visual rays for intermediate distances are in the "straight ahead" direction (note: the use of the rear surface as a reference surface on which the main line of sight lies is rather unusual).
  • the main line of sight is regularly an approximately vertical line in the far and near part and in the progression channel, i.e. the part of a varifocal lens that has the dioptric effect for seeing at distances between far and near.
  • the length of the progression channel can e.g. due to the location of the long-distance and near construction reference points or the location of the long-distance and near reference points.
  • the F em design reference point is the point on the front surface of a finished spectacle lens or the finished surface of a spectacle lens blank, in which, according to the manufacturer, the design target values for the female part are available.
  • the near construction reference point is the point on the front surface of a finished spectacle lens or the finished surface of a spectacle lens blank, in which, according to the manufacturer, the design target values for the near part are available.
  • the Fem reference point or main reference point is the point on the front surface of a spectacle lens in which the dioptric effect for the femoral part must be achieved and according to 5.17 the near view point is the assumed position of the
  • Section 14.2.1 of DIN EN ISO 13666: 2013-10 defines the near addition or the addition as the difference between the lens power of the near part and the lens power measured by the distal part using defined methods. This standard specifies that corresponding measurement methods are contained in the standard applicable to spectacle lenses.
  • the relevant standard in DIN EN ISO 13666: 2013-10 is DIN EN ISO 8598-1: 2012, “Optics and Optical Instruments— Vertex Refraction Meters— Part 1: Instruments for the
  • the peak power is defined as follows in DIN EN ISO 13666: 2013-10, Section 9.7. A distinction is made between images
  • Vertex refractive power which is defined as the reciprocal of the paraxial focal length of the focal point on the image, measured in meters and object-side apex, which is defined as the reciprocal of the paraxial focal length of the object-side focal point, measured in meters. It is noted that, according to an agreement in the optics, the image-side vertex refractive index, the “vertex refractive index” of an eyeglass lens is used, but the object-side vertex refractive index is also required for certain purposes, e.g. B. for measuring the addition of some multi-vision and progressive lenses.
  • the width of the progression channel is defined by the dimension transverse to a longitudinal direction of the progression channel running between the distal part and near part, within which the value of the amount of residual astigmatism is below a predetermined limit value which is selected within a range from the group specified below:
  • the limit is in the range between 0.25 D and 0.5 D
  • Residual astigmatism is understood to mean the astigmatism (in terms of magnitude and axial direction) by which the astigmatism or the astigmatic effect of the varifocal lens at a respective location on a varifocal lens surface for a beam of rays penetrating the varifocal lens at this location for the varifocal lens.
  • Spectacle wearer for whom the varifocal lens is intended if the varifocal lens wearer the varifocal lens
  • residual astigmatism means the deviation of the astigmatic effect (actual astigmatic effect) of the varifocal lens from the “prescribed” astigmatic effect with regard to amount and axis position. In other words, it is
  • Residual astigmatism the viewing direction-dependent difference between the actual astigmatic effect and the target astigmatic effect for the wearer of the varifocal lens in the position of use.
  • the position and orientation of the spectacle lens to the eye when used as intended is taken into account in the position of use.
  • the directional dependence of the astigmatic effect can result in particular from the directional dependence of the object removal and the directional dependence of the astigmatic effect of the eye.
  • the expression “prescribed effect” is therefore to be understood in the broadest sense as a target effect that the spectacle lens, based on its underlying position and orientation in relation to the eye, for the respective viewing direction and the distance at which the spectacle wearer is the object for this viewing direction should see sharply, should have.
  • the residual astigmatism distribution or other error distributions, such as, for example, the spherical error distribution or other higher order error distributions described, for example, in EP 2 115 527 B1
  • actual effect distributions such as the astigmatic actual effect, for example spherical actual effect or the prismatic actual effect
  • the corneal vertex distance for example, the corneal vertex distance, the pupil distance, the curvature of the lens, the lens angle of the lens and the
  • Spectacle lens large this includes in particular the thickness and / or the edge
  • an object distance model is regularly used, which describes the position of object points in the field of vision of the spectacle wearer relative to his eye rotation points.
  • the residual astigmatism distribution can already exist as a calculated mathematical description (as in case (i)) or it can be derived from the regulation (often the term recipe is also used) and an object distance model (as in case (iii)) or an already calculated astigmatic one Determine the effect distribution for full correction (as in case (ii)).
  • the regulation can also do more
  • Eyeglass wearers inherent physiological parameters (i.e. generally parameters that are specific to the eyeglass wearer) and the conditions of use (i.e. generally parameters that can be assigned to the surroundings of the eyeglass wearer) under which the prescribed varifocal Glasses to be worn include.
  • the inherent physiological parameters include ametropia, the ability to accommodate and the (possibly also monocular) pupil distance of the spectacle wearer.
  • the conditions of use include information about the position of the glasses in front of the eye and also data that characterize the object distance model, such as whether it is a screen workstation glasses that should be used for the
  • Object distance model is an assumption for distances in space at which the spectacle wearer should see objects clearly.
  • An object distance model can e.g. by the distribution of the object distances from the front of the lens over the various viewing directions or for the points of penetration of the rays through the front surface
  • the object position is generally related to the eye rotation point, as has already been explained above.
  • the model calculation can take into account that the effect and axis position of the eye changes with different object distances and viewing directions.
  • the model calculation can take into account the so-called Listing rule in particular.
  • the model calculation can e.g. also take into account the change in the astigmatic effect of the eye for proximity and distance, for example in the manner as described in DE 10 2015 205 721 A1.
  • the data carrier on which the predetermined representation is located can, for example, also be a sheet of paper instead of a computer memory. This applies in particular to the case (iii) above, in which the regulation can also be noted on a sheet of paper.
  • Another embodiment of the product according to the invention comprises the following
  • the varifocal lens according to this embodiment has a distribution of a spherical equivalent for the predetermined arrangement of the varifocal lens in front of the eye of the varifocal lens wearer for whom the varifocal lens is intended.
  • the refractive index of the varifocal lens varies spatially in such a way that the maximum value of the residual astigmatism of the varifocal lens is smaller than the maximum value of the residual astigmatism of a comparison varifocal lens for the same prescription, with the same distribution of the spherical equivalent
  • Another variant of the product according to the invention comprises the following
  • the varifocal lens according to this embodiment variant has a distribution of a spherical equivalent for the predetermined arrangement of the varifocal lens in front of the eye of the varifocal lens wearer for whom the varifocal lens is intended.
  • the progressive lens has a progression channel.
  • the refractive index of the varifocal lens varies spatially in such a way that for a predetermined residual astigmatism value A est, limit ⁇ - s of the group
  • the residual astigmatism value A residual limit ranges between 0.25 D and 1.0 D
  • the residual astigmatism value A residual limit is in the range between 0.25 D and 0.75 D
  • a residual limit is in the range between 0.25 D and 0.5 D
  • the optical properties of the progressive spectacle lens according to this embodiment of the invention which are perceptible to the spectacle wearer are improved compared to all conventional progressive spectacle lenses.
  • a further variant of a product according to the invention comprises (i) a progressive lens or (ii) a representation of the progressive lens on a data carrier or (iii) a data carrier with a virtual representation of the progressive lens, the progressive lens having a front surface and has a back surface and a spatially varying refractive index. Either the front surface or the rear surface or both surfaces are designed as a progressive surface.
  • the front surface designed according to the invention is designed as a free-form surface and / or the rear surface designed as a progressive surface is designed according to the invention as a free-form surface.
  • the progressive lens consists of a substrate having no individual layers and a front surface coating comprising one or more individual layers on the front surface of the substrate and / or a rear surface coating comprising one or more individual layers on the rear surface of the substrate. Only the substrate has the spatially varying refractive index.
  • Front surface coating and / or the rear surface coating and the spherical equivalent measured at each corresponding point on the front surface of a comparison varifocals spectacle lens without front surface coating and without back surface coating but identical substrate (with identical geometry and identical refractive index) less than a value from the value given below Group:
  • a first development of the product described immediately above is characterized in that at least one of the free-form surfaces has no point symmetry and no axis symmetry or that at least one of the free-form surfaces has no point symmetry and no axis symmetry and no rotational symmetry and no symmetry with respect to a plane of symmetry.
  • a second further development, possibly combined with the first, is characterized in that (a) the refractive index changes only in a first spatial dimension and in a second spatial dimension and is constant in a third spatial dimension, with a distribution of the refractive index in the first spatial dimension and the second spatial dimension has neither point nor axis symmetry or (b) the refractive index changes in a first spatial dimension and in a second spatial dimension and in a third spatial dimension, with a distribution of the refractive index in the first spatial dimension and the second spatial dimension in all planes perpendicular to the third spatial dimension neither a point nor an axis symmetry has or
  • the refractive index is in a first spatial dimension and in a second
  • Space dimension and changed in a third space dimension with a distribution of the refractive index having no point and no axis symmetry at all.
  • the third spatial dimension preferably runs in one direction
  • Measuring point differs or - by no more than 20 ° from the direction of the normal vector on the prismatic
  • the progressive lens has a progression channel.
  • the front surface designed as a free-form surface, is designed such that the amount of the mean curvature in the progression channel is maximum, and / or
  • the rear surface which is designed as a free-form surface, is designed such that the amount of the mean curvature in the progression channel is minimal, or
  • the rear surface has a spherical, rotationally symmetrical aspherical or toric surface geometry and the front surface designed as a free-form surface is designed in such a way that the maximum amount of the mean curvature of the front surface is in the progression channel, or
  • the front surface has a spherical, rotationally symmetrical aspherical or toric surface geometry and the rear surface designed as a free-form surface is designed in such a way that the minimum of the mean curvature of the rear surface is in the progression channel, or
  • the rear surface is not designed as a free-form surface and the front surface designed as a free-form surface is designed such that the maximum of the amount of the mean curvature of the front surface is in the progression channel, or
  • the front surface is not designed as a free-form surface and the rear surface designed as a free-form surface is designed so that the minimum of the mean curvature of the rear surface is in the progression channel.
  • the product further comprises (i) a representation on a data carrier of a predetermined arrangement of the progressive spectacle lens in front of an eye of a progressive spectacle wearer for whom the progressive spectacle lens is intended, or (ii) one Data carrier with data on a predetermined arrangement of the progressive lens in front of an eye of a progressive lens wearer, comprises that
  • the varifocal lens has a distribution of a spherical equivalent for the predetermined arrangement of the varifocal lens in front of the eye of the varifocal lens wearer, for whom the varifocal lens is intended, that
  • the varifocal lens has a progression channel with a width, and that the refractive index of the varifocal lens varies spatially such that the width of the progression channel of the varifocal lens is greater than the width, at least in one section or over the entire length of the progression channel the progression channel of a comparison varifocal lens with the same distribution of the spherical
  • the last-described configuration of the product can be characterized in a further configuration, characterized in that the at least one cut is a variant from the group
  • the product can further comprise:
  • the progressive lens has a fem part and a near part and
  • the width of the progression channel corresponds to the dimension transverse to a longitudinal direction of the progression channel running between the distal part and the near part, within which the value of the amount of residual astigmatism lies below a predetermined limit value, which is selected within a range from the group specified below:
  • the limit is in the range between 0.25 D and 0.5 D
  • the product further comprises (i) a representation on a data carrier of a predetermined arrangement of the progressive spectacle lens in front of an eye of a progressive spectacle wearer for whom the progressive lens is intended, or (ii) a data carrier with data on a predetermined one Arrangement of the progressive lens in front of an eye of a progressive lens wearer, comprises that
  • the varifocal lens has a distribution of a spherical equivalent for the predetermined arrangement of the varifocal lens in front of the eye of the varifocal lens wearer, for whom the varifocal lens is intended, that
  • the refractive index of the varifocal lens varies spatially such that the
  • the maximum value of the residual astigmatism of the varifocal lens is smaller than the maximum value of the residual astigmatism of a comparison varifocal lens with the same distribution of the spherical equivalent with the same arrangement of the comparison varifocal lens in front of the eye of the varifocal lens wearer, but the spatial refractive index does not vary.
  • the product further comprises (i) a representation on a data carrier of a predetermined arrangement of the progressive spectacle lens in front of an eye of a progressive spectacle wearer for whom the progressive lens is intended, or (ii) a data carrier with data on a predetermined one Arrangement of the progressive lens in front of an eye of a progressive lens wearer, comprises that
  • the varifocal lens has a distribution of a spherical equivalent (W) for the predetermined arrangement of the varifocal lens in front of the eye of the varifocal lens wearer, for whom the varifocal lens is intended, that
  • (vii) has a data carrier with data on a prescription and an object distance model for the predetermined arrangement of the progressive spectacle lens in front of the eye of a progressive lens wearer for whom the progressive lens is intended, and / or
  • a residual limit is in the range between 0.25 D and 0.5 D
  • the residual astigmatism 7l ßest limit is 0.5 D on a horizontal section at the narrowest point of the progression channel or for a horizontal section through the point on the main line of sight in which half the addition is achieved, within a range with a horizontal distance of 10 mm on both sides of the main line of sight the following relationship applies: "_ N DRest, border
  • 89/04986 Al solution described a computer-implemented method for designing a progressive lens with a front surface and a rear surface and a spatially varying refractive index, in which either the front surface or the rear surface or both surfaces are designed as a progressive surface, in the form of a beam calculation method.
  • optical properties of the varifocals spectacle lens are calculated at a multiplicity of evaluation points through which visual rays penetrate the varifocals spectacle lens.
  • at least one optical target property for the progressive lens is determined at the respective evaluation point.
  • a design for the varifocal lens comprising a representation of a local surface geometry of the varifocal surface and a local refractive index of the varifocal lens in the respective optical path through the evaluation points.
  • the design of the varifocal lens is modified with a view to approximating the at least one optical target property of the varifocal lens.
  • the modification includes not only modifying the representation of the local surface geometry of the varifocal surface, but also the local refractive index of the varifocal lens in the respective optical path through the
  • the area opposite the modified varifocal surface is generally predefined. This generally has a simple surface geometry, such as a spherical, rotationally symmetrical aspherical or toric geometry. In the case of a toric surface, the surface geometry and axis position are often selected so that (apart from the undesirable residual astigmatism) it compensates for the astigmatic refractive deficit of the eye of the varifocal glasses wearer.
  • the surface opposite the modified progressive surface can also be a progressive surface, possibly also a free-form surface, with a fixed surface geometry. This can add to that necessary to provide the addition
  • the modified varifocal surface can also be used
  • both surfaces namely the front and rear surfaces, to be modified together with the refractive index distribution in order to approximate the target residual astigmatism distribution.
  • a design of a spectacle lens usually comprises the distribution of the target values for one or more imaging errors, which are preferably in the
  • an eyeglass lens design is characterized by the distribution of the refractive error (i.e. the difference of the spherical equivalent of the varifocal lens in the optical path in
  • Refraction determination is determined) characterized.
  • residual astigmatism distribution the terms astigmatism error distribution and astigmatic deviation are also used in the literature.
  • an eyeglass lens design can also be used.
  • Distribution of the target values for magnification, distortion or other imaging errors, in particular of higher-order imaging errors, as described in EP 2 115 527 Bl is described. This can be area values or preferably
  • Use values i.e. Act values in the use position of the lens.
  • the design of the progressive spectacle lens is aimed at
  • the target residual astigmatism can, for example, be set to zero at all evaluation points. It is also possible to specify a residual astigmatism distribution, which preferably has far lower values than that which is theoretically attainable at all with a conventional varifocal lens with a refractive index that does not vary spatially but with a freely formed rear surface (and / or front surface) or for optimization of such a progressive lens is specified. According to Werner Koppen, the number of evaluation points is: Conception and development of progressive glasses, in Deutsche Optiker Science DOZ 10/95, pp. 42-46 usually in the range between 1000 and 1500. EP 2 115 527 B1 suggests a number of over 8000 evaluation points in front.
  • the varifocal surface is modified freely in two spatial dimensions and the local refractive index is also modified freely in at least two
  • WO 89/04986 A1 teaches the specification of comparatively simple geometries for the front and rear surfaces and the search for a suitable refractive index distribution in order to produce the increase in effect necessary for the provision of the addition and, if necessary, to (residual) astigmatism along the Eliminate the main line of sight in whole or in part and, if necessary, make further corrections to imaging errors to the side of the main meridian.
  • the refractive index is generally dependent on the wavelength
  • the dispersion is generally not taken into account and the calculation is carried out for a so-called
  • the expert Since the modification is carried out with the aim of getting as close as possible to the optical target properties, the expert also speaks of optimization. The modification is carried out until a termination criterion is met.
  • the termination criterion is that the designed progressive lens has the specified optical target properties.
  • this ideal case would be that the residual astigmatism of the calculated spectacle lens is actually zero at all evaluation points.
  • the calculation is aborted e.g. after reaching one or more limit values in the vicinity of the property (s) or after reaching a predetermined number of iterations.
  • the determination of the target properties and the calculation of the actual properties are based on model calculations that determine the conditions of use, e.g. the fit of the glasses in front of the eye and an object distance model as well as physiological parameters of the glasses wearer, namely e.g. the ametropia, the ability to accommodate and the
  • Progressive spectacle lenses by modifying the local refractive index and the local surface geometry generally means that the front surface designed as a progressive surface is designed as a free-form surface and / or that the rear surface designed as a progressive surface is designed as a free-form surface.
  • the varifocal surface is modified in such a way that a free-form surface is created which has neither point nor axis symmetry.
  • the local refractive index is further modified in such a way that
  • the spatial dimension changes and remains constant in a third spatial dimension, so that a distribution of the refractive index in the first spatial dimension and the second spatial dimension has neither point nor axis symmetry or
  • the aim of the invention is to reduce the astigmatic residual errors and possibly also the spherical residual errors, in addition to the main line of sight (i.e. in the central area of the intermediate part).
  • a new target design can be created for a varifocal lens with a spatially varying refractive index that contains the previous distribution of the spherical and astigmatic residual errors, but which are reduced especially in the central intermediate part.
  • the astigmatic residual errors in an area around the main line of sight are reduced, for example, by multiplying them by a factor of 0.5 to 0.8 in order to to come up with an improved target design.
  • An embodiment variant of this method according to the invention is characterized in that the modification of the design of the progressive spectacle lens with regard to a
  • a target function is minimized.
  • a target function is also referred to as a cost function and in Anglo-Saxon literature as a merit function.
  • Very often the smallest error squares method is used in the design of progressive lenses as a method for minimizing a target function, as is also the case, for example, in EP 0 857 993 B2, EP 2 115 527 B1, EP 2 878 989 Al or also in Werner Koppen: Conception and development of progressive glasses, is practiced in Deutsche Optiker Symposium DOZ 10/95, pp. 42-46.
  • the embodiment variant according to the invention uses this method with the objective function shown below on.
  • F P m is the weighting at the evaluation point m
  • W n the weighting at the evaluation point m
  • the invention proposes to use this method also for designing gradient index (GRIN) varifocals glasses according to the invention.
  • GRIN gradient index
  • the target design can e.g. can also be determined by specifying optical, in particular spherical and astigmatic residual defects at many points which are distributed over the front surface of the entire glass.
  • Refractive index distribution can be minimized. In this way, a progressive lens with improved properties with respect to the previously defined requirements is obtained.
  • the original target design can be used for the optimization of the progressive lens with a material with a variable refractive index, that is to say the target design which was used for the optimization of the lens with a constant refractive index.
  • Weights are used or changed.
  • the weighting for the astigmatic and spherical residual errors in the progression channel can be increased in order to achieve improved properties of the progressive lens in the progression area.
  • an improved progressive lens design can be achieved, which in particular has a wider progression channel, lower maximum astigmatic residual errors in the intermediate area and thus also less distortion in the intermediate area.
  • This new progressive lens design can be implemented taking into account the original conditions of use, thickness specifications, etc.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment variant of the method according to the invention is characterized in that for at least one assessment point, a predetermined restigmatism is specified which is smaller than the smallest theoretically achievable residual astigmatism at the at least one corresponding assessment point in a comparison varifocal lens for one same prescription and the same object distance model, but with the same distribution of the spherical equivalent and the same arrangement of the comparison varifocal glasses in front of the eye of the varifocal glasses wearer, but the refractive index does not vary spatially and that the modification of the representation of the local surface geometry of the varifocal surface and the local refractive index of the progressive lens in the respective optical path through the assessment points is only canceled when the residual astigmatism achieved for the designed progressive lens is least s one
  • Evaluation point is smaller than the theoretically achievable residual astigmatism at the at least one corresponding evaluation point in the comparison varifocal lens.
  • the target residual astigmatism at all evaluation points will be at least a significant percentage, e.g. Choose 10 - 50% less than is usually used for the design of the reference varifocals.
  • a target residual astigmatism that is smaller than the theoretically achievable residual astigmatism at the at least the corresponding ones will be specified at at least the evaluation points
  • a method variant consists in modifying the representation of the local one
  • the maximum value for residual astigmatism in the varifocals lens designed according to the invention does not have to be located at the “same” location or at the “same” assessment point as the maximum value for residual astigmatism in the comparison varifocals lens. This can also be considered as an additional condition when carrying out the method.
  • These specifications further improve the optical properties of the progressive spectacle lens according to the invention compared to a comparison progressive spectacle lens of a conventional type of manufacture.
  • the method according to the invention can be carried out in such a way that a progressive lens corresponding to a product of the types described above results when the progressive lens is designed.
  • the target properties and the termination conditions are selected in this further variant such that the corresponding progressive spectacle lens with the optical properties described above is inevitably created in the arrangement given by the representation in front of the eye of the future spectacle wearer during the design.
  • the invention further provides a computer program with program code for performing all procedural steps according to one of the methods described above, if the
  • Computer program loaded in a computer and / or executed in a computer can be stored on any computer-readable medium, in particular on a hard drive of a computer, on a USB stick or in a cloud.
  • the invention also seeks protection for a computer-readable medium with one
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing a progressive lens according to one of the products described above or one using one Method of the above-described variants of progressive spectacle lenses by an additive method.
  • Additive processes are processes in which the progressive lens is built up sequentially.
  • digital fabricators in particular offer manufacturing options for almost any structure that are not or only difficult to implement with the classic abrasive processes.
  • the 3D printers represent the most important subclass of additive, that is, accumulating, build-up fabricators.
  • the most important techniques of 3D printing are selective laser melting (SLM) and electron beam melting for metals and selective laser sintering (SLS) for polymers , Ceramics and metals that
  • Stereolithography SLA
  • digital light processing for liquid synthetic resins and multijet or polyjet modeling (e.g. inkjet printing) as well as fused deposition
  • FDM Factorous Material Modeling
  • a structure with the help of nano-layers such as e.g. at http: // peaknano. com / wp- content / uploads / PEAK- 1510-GRINOptics-Overview.pdf, downloaded on January 12th, 2017.
  • a further development of the invention consists in a method for producing a progressive spectacle lens comprising a method for designing a progressive lens as described above and manufacturing the progressive spectacle lens according to the design.
  • the progressive spectacle lens can be manufactured by an additive method.
  • Another development of the invention consists in a computer with a processor, which is set up to carry out a method for designing a progressive lens according to one of the types or variants described above.
  • Figure 3 shows the distribution of the refractive index of the GRIN varifocals after the first
  • Figure 7 more conventional optical properties of a comparative varifocal lens
  • Figure 9 shows the distribution of the refractive index of the GRIN varifocal lens after the second
  • FIG. 12 Comparison of the contour of the front surface of the GRIN varifocal lens according to the second exemplary embodiment with the contour of the front surface of the comparison lens.
  • Progressive ophthalmic lens; the arrow heights are given in relation to a plane tilted by -7.02 ° around the horizontal axis
  • FIG. 14 optical properties of the GRIN progressive spectacle lens after the third
  • Figure 15 shows the distribution of the refractive index of the GRIN varifocal lens after the third
  • FIG. 16 Comparison of the residual astigmatism distribution of the GRIN varifocal lens according to the third exemplary embodiment with the residual astigmatism distribution of the comparison varifocal lens
  • Figure 19 more conventional optical properties of a comparative varifocal lens
  • FIG. 21 shows the distribution of the refractive index of the GRIN varifocals after the fourth
  • FIG. 22 Comparison of the residual astigmatism distribution of the GRIN varifocal lens according to the fourth exemplary embodiment with the residual astigmatism distribution of the comparison varifocal lens
  • FIG. 24 Comparison of the contour of the rear surface of the GRIN varifocal lens according to the fourth exemplary embodiment with the contour of the rear surface of the comparison varifocal lens
  • Figure 25 optical properties of the GRIN varifocal lens without any symmetry according to the fifth exemplary embodiment, designed for the prescription values sphere -4 dpt, cylinder 2 dpt, axis position 90 degrees
  • FIG. 26 shows the distribution of the refractive index of the GRIN varifocals after the fanning
  • FIG. 28 arrow heights of the rear surface of the GRIN progressive spectacle lens according to the fifth exemplary embodiment
  • the five first exemplary embodiments relate to GRIN varifocal lenses or their representation in a memory of a computer in accordance with a product of Art according to the invention.
  • the sixth exemplary embodiment shows an example of a method according to the invention for designing a GRIN varifocals lens.
  • This progressive spectacle lens serves as a comparative progressive spectacle lens for a progressive spectacle lens designed in accordance with the invention, which subsequently follows spatially
  • GRIN varifocal lens varying refractive index
  • the back of the comparison varifocals lens is a spherical surface with a radius of 120 mm and the focal point of the eye lies behind the geometric center of the lens with a distance of 25.5 mm to the back surface.
  • the glass has a center thickness of 2.5 mm and a prismatic effect 0 in the geometric center.
  • the back surface is not tilted, i.e. both the front surface and the rear surface have a normal in the direction of the geometric center
  • a spectacle lens with a spherical effect is a spectacle lens that is a paraxial, parallel
  • Section 12.1 of DIN EN ISO 13666: 2013-10 is a spectacle lens with an astigmatic effect, a spectacle lens that combines a paraxial, parallel light beam in two separate focal lines that are perpendicular to each other, and which therefore has a refractive index only in the two main sections.
  • Section 14.2.1 of this standard defines the addition as the difference between the vertex power of the near part and the vertex power of the far part.
  • Figures 2a, 2b and 2c show the replica of the reference varifocals using a GRIN material.
  • Figure 2a shows the distribution of the mean spherical effect. The comparison of FIG. 1a and FIG. 2a shows that the
  • FIG. 2b shows the course of the average refractive index
  • FIG. 2c shows the course of the surface astigmatism of the front surface of the GRIN varifocals lens designed according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 4a and 4b show the effects of the use of the GRIN material with its special refractive index distribution, as well as the design of the free-form surface for this GRIN varifocal lens, on the width of the progression channel in comparison to the standard lens.
  • the figures show the distribution of the astigmatic residual defects in the beam path for the spectacle wearer for a spectacle wearer with purely spherical prescription.
  • the progression channel defined here by the isoastigmatism line 1 dpt, is widened from 17 mm to 22 mm, that is to say by about 30 percent.
  • FIGS. 5a and 5b show cross sections through the residual astigmatism distributions from FIGS. 4a and 4b.
  • the conventional relationship between the effect increase and the induced lateral increase in the astigmatic error (similar to the relationship of the mean refractive index to the area astigmatism according to the Minkwitz theorem) becomes particularly clear.
  • FIG. 6 compares the contour of the front surface of the GRIN progressive spectacle lens according to the first exemplary embodiment with the contour of the front surface of the comparative progressive spectacle lens with the aid of an arrow height representation.
  • FIG. 6b shows the arrow heights of the front surface of the GRIN progressive lens according to the invention after the first
  • FIG. 6a shows the exemplary embodiment and in comparison thereto the arrow heights of the front surface of the comparison varifocals spectacle lens.
  • the back is again a spherical surface with a radius of 120 mm and the eye rotation point is 4 mm above that
  • the comparison varifocals lens has a center thickness of 2.6 mm and 2 mm below the geom. In the middle a prismatic effect of 1.0 cm / m base 270 °.
  • the back surface is tilted by -8 ° around the horizontal axis.
  • the coordinate axes drawn in serve to determine points on this surface.
  • the glass effect increases by 2.00 D over this length of 20 mm
  • FIGS. 8a, 8b and 8c show the replica of the reference varifocal lens using a GRIN material (varifocal lens according to the invention).
  • Figure 8a shows the distribution of the mean spherical effect.
  • FIGS. 7a and 8a reveals that the increase in effect along the vertical center line of the two glasses is the same.
  • FIG. 8b shows the course of the average refractive index
  • FIG. 8c shows the course of the surface astigmatism of the front surface of the GRIN progressive lens according to the invention.
  • FIG. 9 shows the distribution of the refractive index over the lens.
  • the figure 10a and 10b represent the effects of the use of the GRIN material with its special refractive index distribution, as well as the design of the free-form surface for this GRIN varifocal lens, on the width of the progression channel compared to
  • Comparison varifocal lens The figures show the distribution of the astigmatic residual defects in the beam path for the spectacle wearer for a spectacle wearer with a purely spherical prescription.
  • Figure l la and Figure 1 lb show cross sections through the residual astigmatism distributions from Figure 10a and Figure 10b.
  • the conventional relationship between the increase in effect and the induced lateral increase in astigmatic error similar to that
  • Relationship of the mean surface refractive index to surface astigmatism according to Minkwitz's theorem is particularly clear.
  • FIG. 12 compares the contour of the front surface of the GRIN varifocals spectacle lens according to the second exemplary embodiment with the contour of the front surface of the comparison varifocals spectacle lens with the aid of an arrow height representation.
  • Figure l2b shows the arrow heights of the front surface of the GRIN progressive lens according to the invention after the second
  • Figure l2a shows the arrow heights of the front surface of the Comparative varifocals for a coordinate system tilted by -7.02 around a horizontal axis (ie the vertical Y-axis of this system is tilted by -7.02 ° with respect to the vertical).
  • the third exemplary embodiment shows two progressive lenses, in which the convergence movement of the eye is taken into account when looking at objects in the intermediate distances and in the vicinity which lie straight ahead in front of the eye of the spectacle wearer.
  • This convergence movement causes the viewing points through the front surface of the lens when looking at these points not to lie on an exactly vertical straight line, but on a vertical line pivoted towards the nose, which is referred to as the main line of sight.
  • the center of the near area is also shifted horizontally in the nasal direction.
  • the examples are calculated in such a way that this main line of sight in the progression area lies in the middle between the lines on the front surface for which the astigmatic residual error is 0.5 D. (see FIGS. 16a and 16b).
  • the back is again a spherical surface with a radius of 120 mm and the eye rotation point is 4 mm above that
  • Geometrical center of the comparison varifocal lens with a horizontal distance of 25.5 mm to the back surface The comparison varifocals lens has a center thickness of 2.5 mm and 2 mm below the geom. In the middle a prismatic effect of 1.0 cm / m base 270 °.
  • the back surface is tilted in such a way that when looking horizontally straight the eye-side beam is perpendicular to the back surface.
  • the glasses wearer gets a mean effect of 0 D when looking straight ahead (ie for a point of view through the glass 4 mm above the geometric center) and when looking through the point 13 mm below the geometric center and -2.5 mm horizontally in the nasal direction, an average effect of 2.00 dpt. This means that the glass effect increases by approx. 2.00 D over a length of 17 mm.
  • FIGS. 14a, 14b and 14c show the replica of the comparative progressive lens using a GRIN material (progressive lens according to the invention).
  • Figure 14a shows the distribution of the mean spherical effect.
  • the comparison of FIGS. 13a and 14a shows that the increase in activity along the main line of sight in FIG.
  • Progression area is the same.
  • the course of the mean refractive index is shown in FIG. 14b, and the course of the surface astigmatism of the front face of the GRIN varifocal lens according to the invention is shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 15 shows the distribution of the refractive index over the lens.
  • Figures l6a and l6b show the effects of the use of the GRIN material with its special refractive index distribution and the design of the free-form surface for this GRIN varifocals lens on the width of the progression channel compared to the comparative varifocal glasses.
  • the figures show the Distribution of astigmatic residual defects in the beam path for the spectacle wearer for a spectacle wearer with purely spherical prescription.
  • Figure l7a and figure l7b show cross sections through the residual astigmatism distributions from figure l6a and figure l6b. These figures again illustrate the conventional relationship between the increase in effect and the consequent lateral increase in the astigmatic error (similar to the relationship of the mean refractive index to the area astigmatism according to Minkwitz's theorem).
  • FIG. 18 compares the contour of the front surface of the GRIN varifocals spectacle lens according to the third exemplary embodiment with the contour of the front surface of the comparison varifocals spectacle lens with the aid of an arrow height representation.
  • FIG. 18b shows the arrow heights of the front surface of the GRIN progressive spectacle lens according to the third
  • Figure l8a shows the arrow heights of the front surface of the comparison varifocals spectacle lens with respect to a plane that is perpendicular to the
  • the fourth exemplary embodiment shows two progressive lenses, in which the convergence movement of the eye is taken into account when looking at objects in the intermediate distances and in the vicinity, which lie straight ahead in front of the eye of the spectacle wearer.
  • This convergence movement causes the view points through the front surface of the lens when looking at these points not on an exactly vertical straight line, but on a vertical line pivoted towards the nose, which is referred to as the main line of sight.
  • the center of the near area is also shifted horizontally in the nasal direction.
  • the examples are calculated in such a way that this main line of sight in the progression area lies in the middle between the lines on the front surface for which the astigmatic residual error is 0.5 dpt (see also FIGS. 22a and 22b).
  • the front is a spherical surface with a radius of 109.49 mm and the focal point of the eye is 4 mm above the geometric center of the comparison varifocal lens with a horizontal distance of 25.1 mm to the rear surface.
  • the comparison varifocals lens has a center thickness of 2.55 mm and 2 mm below the geom.
  • In the middle a prismatic effect 1.5 cm / m base 270 °.
  • the pre-inclination is 9 ° and the mounting disc angle is 5 °.
  • the eyeglass wearer gets a mean effect of 0 dpt when looking straight ahead (i.e. for a point of view through the glass 4 mm above the geometric center) and when looking through the point 11 mm below the geometric center and -2.5 mm horizontally in nasal direction an average effect of 2.50 D That over a length of 15 mm, the glass effect increases by approx. 2.50 dpt.
  • Embodiment that causes a distribution of the average effect as shown in Figure l9a.
  • FIGS. 20a, 20b and 20c show the replica of the reference varifocals using a GRIN material (varifocals according to the invention).
  • Figure 20a shows the distribution of the mean spherical effect. The comparison of FIGS. 19a and 20a shows that the increase in activity along the main line of sight in FIG.
  • FIG. 20b shows the course of the mean refractive index
  • FIG. 20c shows the course of the surface astigmatism of the back surface of the GRIN varifocal lens according to the invention.
  • FIG. 21 shows the distribution of the refractive index over the lens.
  • the refractive index increases from approx. 1.55 in the upper side area of the glass to approx. 1.64 in the lower area.
  • Figures 22a and 22b show the effects of the use of the GRIN material with its special refractive index distribution and the design of the free-form surface for this GRIN varifocals lens on the width of the progression channel compared to the comparison varifocals lens.
  • the figures show the distribution the astigmatic residual defects in the beam path for the spectacle wearer for a spectacle wearer with purely spherical prescription. The main line of sight is drawn in both figures.
  • FIG. 23a and FIG. 23b show cross sections through the residual astigmatism distributions from FIG. 22a and FIG. 22b.
  • These figures again illustrate the conventional relationship between the increase in effect and the consequent lateral increase in the astigmatic error (similar to the relationship of the mean refractive index to the area astigmatism according to Minkwitz's theorem).
  • there is a broadening of the progression channel defined here by the isoastigmatism line 1 D, from 4.5 mm to 6 mm, that is to say by about 33 percent.
  • FIG. 24 compares the contour of the rear surface of the GRIN varifocals spectacle lens according to the fourth exemplary embodiment with the contour of the rear surface of the comparison varifocals spectacle lens with the aid of an arrow height representation.
  • FIG. 24b shows the arrow heights of the rear surface of the GRIN varifocal glasses according to the invention after the fourth
  • FIG. 24a shows the arrow heights of the rear surface of the comparison varifocals spectacle lens with respect to a plane that is perpendicular to the
  • the fifth exemplary embodiment shows a glass which is designed for the prescription values sphere -4 dpt, cylinder 2 dpt, axis position 90 degrees.
  • the prescription values specified in the regulation serve to correct the vision defects of the spectacle wearer.
  • Eyeglass lenses when looking at these points do not lie on an exactly vertical straight line, but on a vertical line pivoted towards the nose, which is referred to as the main line of sight.
  • the center of the near area is also shifted horizontally in the nasal direction.
  • the examples are calculated so that this main line of sight in the progression area lies in the middle between the lines on the front surface for which the astigmatic residual error is 0.5 dpt (see Liguria 27a).
  • Ligur 25a shows the distribution of the mean spherical effect in the beam path for the progressive spectacle wearer for a progressive spectacle lens according to the invention using a GRIN material with an Lreiform surface on the eye side.
  • the front is a spherical surface with a radius of 109.49 mm and the focal point of the eye is 4 mm above the geometric center of the varifocal lens with a horizontal distance of 25.5 mm to the rear surface.
  • the progressive glasses lens according to the invention has a center thickness of 2.00 mm and 2 mm below the geom. In the middle a prismatic effect 1.5 cm / m base 270 °.
  • the pre-inclination is 9 ° and the mounting disc angle is 5 °.
  • the eyeglass wearer gets a mean effect of 0 dpt when looking straight ahead (i.e. for a point of view through the glass 4 mm above the geometric center) and when looking through the point 11 mm below the geometric center and -2.5 mm horizontally in nasal direction an average effect of 2.50 D That over a length of 15 mm, the glass effect increases by approx. 2.50 dpt.
  • FIG. 25b shows the course of the average refractive index
  • FIG. 25c shows the course of the surface astigmatism of the back surface of the GRIN varifocals lens of the fifth exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 26 shows the distribution of the refractive index over the lens.
  • the refractive index increases from approx. 1.55 in the upper side area of the glass to approx. 1.64 in the lower area.
  • FIGS. 27a and 27b show the distribution of the astigmatic residual errors in the beam path for the spectacle wearer for an eyeglass wearer with the regulation sphere -4dpt, cylinder 2dpt, axis position 90 degrees.
  • the main line of sight is drawn in FIG. 27a. From the figures it can be seen that by using the GRIN material with its special
  • the width of the progression channel can be increased compared to the comparison varifocals lens.
  • the progression channel defined here by the isoastigmatism line 1 dpt, from 4.5 mm to 6 mm, i.e. by about 33 percent, compared to the comparative varifocal lens with a purely spherical prescription.
  • FIG. 28 shows the arrow heights of the rear surface of the GRIN progressive spectacle lens according to the fifth exemplary embodiment with respect to a plane that is horizontally straight ahead perpendicular to the viewing direction.
  • Spectacle wearer captured. This includes the acquisition of (physiological) data that can be assigned to the wearer and the acquisition of conditions of use under which the wearer will wear the varifocals to be designed.
  • the physiological data of the wearer include e.g. ametropia and the ability to accommodate, which is determined by means of a refraction measurement and is regularly included in the prescription in the form of the prescription values for sphere, cylinder, axis position, prism and base as well as addition. Furthermore, e.g. the pupil distance and the pupil size were determined under different lighting conditions. The age of the glasses wearer is e.g. takes into account the influence on the expected accommodation ability and pupil size. The convergence behavior of the eyes results from the pupil distance for different viewing directions and object distances.
  • the conditions of use include the fit of the glasses in front of the eye (usually in relation to the point of rotation of the eye) and the object distances for different viewing directions under which the glasses wearer should see clearly.
  • the seat of the glasses wearer in front of the eye can e.g. can be determined by recording the distance between the vertex of the skin, the forward and lateral inclination. This data is included in an object distance model, for which a
  • Beam calculation methods can be carried out.
  • a design draft for the spectacle lens with a multiplicity of evaluation points is determined on the basis of this recorded data.
  • the design draft includes optical target properties for the progressive lens at the respective assessment point.
  • the target properties include, for example, the permissible deviation from the prescribed spherical and astigmatic effect, taking into account the addition and distributed over the entire varifocal lens, as is determined by the arrangement of the lens in front of the eye and the underlying distance model.
  • a design of surface geometries for the front and rear surfaces and a design for a refractive index distribution over the entire lens are determined.
  • the front surface is chosen as a spherical surface and the rear surface as a varifocal surface. Both surfaces could also initially be selected as spherical surfaces.
  • the choice of surface geometry for the first draft generally only determines the convergence (speed and success) of the optimization process used. For example, it should be assumed that the front surface should retain the spherical shape and the rear surface should take the form of a progressive surface.
  • the course of main rays is determined by the large number of
  • a local wavefront can be defined for each of the main beams in an environment of the respective main beam.
  • the above optical properties of the spectacle lens at the evaluation points by determining an influence of the spectacle lens on the beam path of the main rays and the local wave fronts in an environment of the main beam by the respective evaluation point.
  • the design of the spectacle lens is evaluated as a function of the optical properties determined and the individual user data.
  • the back surface and the refractive index distribution of the design of the lens are then considered with a view to minimizing a target function modified, where W is the weighting of the optical property n at the evaluation point m, T TM the target value of the optical property n at the evaluation point m and A TM the actual value of the optical property n at the evaluation point m.
  • the GRIN progressive lens designed in this way according to the invention can then be manufactured according to this design.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Eyeglasses (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un verre de lunettes progressif, le verre de lunettes progressif présentant une face avant et une face arrière ainsi qu'un substrat uniforme présentant un indice de réfraction variant spatialement, la face avant et/ou la face arrière du substrat étant constituées en tant que faces à forme libre et portant éventuellement des revêtements fonctionnels. L'invention est caractérisée (a) en ce que l'indice de réfraction ne varie que dans une première dimension spatiale et une deuxième dimension spatiale et est constant dans une troisième dimension spatiale, une répartition de l'indice de réfraction dans la première dimension spatiale et la deuxième dimension spatiale ne comportant ni une symétrie centrale ni une symétrie axiale ou (b) en ce que l'indice de réfraction varie dans une première dimension spatiale et une deuxième dimension spatiale et dans une troisième dimension spatiale, une répartition de l'indice de réfraction dans la première dimension spatiale et la deuxième dimension spatiale dans tous les plans perpendiculaires à la troisième dimension spatiale ne comportant ni une symétrie centrale ni une symétrie axiale ou (c) en ce que l'indice de réfraction varie dans une première dimension spatiale et une deuxième dimension spatiale et dans une troisième dimension spatiale, une répartition de l'indice de réfraction ne comportant absolument aucune symétrie centrale ni aucune symétrie axiale. L'invention concerne en outre un procédé de conception et de fabrication d'un tel verre de lunettes progressif.
EP19740030.2A 2017-01-20 2019-07-19 Verre de lunettes progressif à indice de réfraction variable et son procédé de conception et de fabrication Pending EP3824342A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17152384.8A EP3352001B1 (fr) 2017-01-20 2017-01-20 Verre de lunette à foyer progressif ayant un indice de réfraction variable et son procédé de conception et de fabrication
PCT/EP2018/069806 WO2019141386A1 (fr) 2018-01-19 2018-07-20 Verre de lunettes progressif à indice de réfraction variable et son procédé de conception et de fabrication
PCT/EP2019/069557 WO2020016431A2 (fr) 2017-01-20 2019-07-19 Verre de lunettes progressif à indice de réfraction variable et son procédé de conception et de fabrication

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EP3824342A2 true EP3824342A2 (fr) 2021-05-26

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EP17152384.8A Active EP3352001B1 (fr) 2017-01-20 2017-01-20 Verre de lunette à foyer progressif ayant un indice de réfraction variable et son procédé de conception et de fabrication
EP19189829.5A Active EP3591458B1 (fr) 2017-01-20 2018-01-19 Procédé de conception d'un verre des lunettes progressif et sa fabrication
EP18708326.6A Active EP3555695B1 (fr) 2017-01-20 2018-01-19 Verre de lunette à foyer progressif ayant un indice de réfraction variable et son procédé de conception et de fabrication
EP19187068.2A Pending EP3598214A1 (fr) 2017-01-20 2018-01-19 Verre de lunette à foyer progressif ayant un indice de réfraction variable et son procédé de conception et de fabrication
EP19740030.2A Pending EP3824342A2 (fr) 2017-01-20 2019-07-19 Verre de lunettes progressif à indice de réfraction variable et son procédé de conception et de fabrication

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EP17152384.8A Active EP3352001B1 (fr) 2017-01-20 2017-01-20 Verre de lunette à foyer progressif ayant un indice de réfraction variable et son procédé de conception et de fabrication
EP19189829.5A Active EP3591458B1 (fr) 2017-01-20 2018-01-19 Procédé de conception d'un verre des lunettes progressif et sa fabrication
EP18708326.6A Active EP3555695B1 (fr) 2017-01-20 2018-01-19 Verre de lunette à foyer progressif ayant un indice de réfraction variable et son procédé de conception et de fabrication
EP19187068.2A Pending EP3598214A1 (fr) 2017-01-20 2018-01-19 Verre de lunette à foyer progressif ayant un indice de réfraction variable et son procédé de conception et de fabrication

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EP (5) EP3352001B1 (fr)
JP (2) JP7252311B2 (fr)
KR (4) KR102167061B1 (fr)
CN (6) CN112526766B (fr)
CA (4) CA3054482C (fr)
ES (2) ES2946964T3 (fr)
PT (2) PT3352001T (fr)
WO (2) WO2018134037A2 (fr)

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US10989932B2 (en) 2021-04-27
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US10838231B2 (en) 2020-11-17
CN110431474A (zh) 2019-11-08
CA3107224C (fr) 2023-10-31
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EP3555695A2 (fr) 2019-10-23
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CN112526766A (zh) 2021-03-19
US11372264B2 (en) 2022-06-28
US11740488B2 (en) 2023-08-29
US20200348538A1 (en) 2020-11-05
CA3074615A1 (fr) 2018-07-26
CN110431474B (zh) 2021-02-26
KR102596802B1 (ko) 2023-11-01
EP3598214A1 (fr) 2020-01-22
US20220091437A1 (en) 2022-03-24
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US11892712B2 (en) 2024-02-06
JP2021530744A (ja) 2021-11-11
ES2914628T3 (es) 2022-06-14
EP3591458A1 (fr) 2020-01-08
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US20210199991A1 (en) 2021-07-01
CA3054482A1 (fr) 2018-07-26
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CN110673357A (zh) 2020-01-10
KR20190102298A (ko) 2019-09-03
PT3591458T (pt) 2022-05-30
EP3352001A1 (fr) 2018-07-25
ES2946964T3 (es) 2023-07-28
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KR20190114050A (ko) 2019-10-08
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KR20210032508A (ko) 2021-03-24
WO2020016431A2 (fr) 2020-01-23
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US20200201071A1 (en) 2020-06-25
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KR102167033B1 (ko) 2020-10-19
PT3352001T (pt) 2023-06-16
CA3088829C (fr) 2023-08-22
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US20190391411A1 (en) 2019-12-26

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