EP3821099A1

EP3821099A1 - Building envelope comprising a multi-functional glass element

Info

Publication number: EP3821099A1
Application number: EP18740550.1A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Michael Lange
Original assignee: Prof Michael Lange Ingenieurgesellschaft Mbh
Current assignee: Prof Michael Lange Ingenieurgesellschaft Mbh
Priority date: 2018-07-10
Filing date: 2018-07-10
Publication date: 2021-05-19
Also published as: US20210230929A1; WO2020011338A1; US11585146B2; CA3105912A1

Abstract

A curtain wall comprises a frame construction with a plurality of glass elements and optionally panels arranged at a distance from each other in the heat flow direction, wherein a multifunctional glass element is arranged on the interior behind the main heat-insulating plane of the curtain wall, wherein the position of the multifunctional glass element can be modified in the vertical direction and/or the horizontal direction and the multifunctional glass element comprises at least two of the functions from the list comprising (A) anti-glare protection in the form of modifiable or switchable layers, (B) a heating capacity at least in sections, (C) an embodiment with integrated LEDs as interior lighting, (D) an embodiment as an information system, particularly as a screen, at least in sections, (E) an embodiment with at least one integrated camera, and (F) an embodiment with at least one integrated loudspeaker.

Description

BUILDING ENVELOPE WITH A MULTIFUNCTIONAL GLASS ELEMENT

Field of the Invention

The invention relates to a building envelope comprising a

Curtain wall with a frame construction with a

Plenty of glass elements and panels in the parapet area.

State of the art

Curtain walls are well known in the art and are as mullion-transom, element or facade

Cold-warm facade designed.

For mullion-transom facades, the

Frame made of post profiles and transom profiles with

Glass panes or panels as infill elements at the construction site by attaching the post profiles to the shell, attaching the transom profiles to the posts and inserting the filling elements into the frame structure.

Prefabricated elements are already used for an element facade

Façade elements made of frame profiles and glass panes and / or panels attached as infill elements to the shell.

In the case of a cold-warm facade, window strips are installed on buildings with massive parapets and the massive,

thermally insulated parapets clad with framed panels made of glass or sheet metal.

All curtain walls are based on the general principle that a framework is provided with integrated, in

Framework fastened elements. The elements can be windows made of insulating glass or thermally insulated panels. The windows can be opened, but are often non-opening fixed fields. The glasses are usually called Designed double or triple glass. Glass panes with changeable properties are increasingly being used in facade construction. A possible embodiment of a changeable glass pane is the provision of switchable layers with the aid of which the light transmittance of the glass can be adjusted. Furthermore, transparent cast resin composite glasses with integrated LEDs, which can be used as media glass facades on the outside as advertising media, have become known in the art.

Presentation of the invention

The invention has for its object to develop a building envelope with a curtain wall, which, unlike previously known, has a significantly higher variability and offers various additional functionalities in particular for the people in the associated building.

This object is achieved by a building envelope with the features of claim 1.

The building envelope according to the invention comprises a

Frame construction with a plurality of glass elements which are spaced apart from one another in the direction of heat flow, a multifunctional glass element being arranged on the room side behind the main thermal insulation level of the curtain wall. The position of the multifunction glass element is vertical

Direction and / or horizontal direction changeable. This also includes the case that the multifunction glass element can only be moved for cleaning and / or repair purposes. Furthermore, the multifunctional glass element comprises at least two of the functions from the list

(A) glare protection in the form of changeable or switchable layers;

(B) heatability at least in some areas; (C) Design with integrated LEDs as room lighting;

(D) Design at least in some areas as

Information system, in particular as a screen;

(E) configuration with at least two integrated cameras; and

(F) Design with at least two integrated

Speakers.

In order to be able to use some of the functionalities sensibly, the position of the multifunctional glass element is selected so that it is on the room side behind the main thermal insulation level

Curtain wall lies. In other words, it is

Multifunction glass element in addition to the

Glass elements arranged on the outside of the facade

Curtain facade provided and arranged to the inside of the facade. The heat flow direction depends on

climatic conditions from the inside of the facade to

Outside or vice versa. Another important one

One aspect of the variability of the multifunctional glass element is that its position can optionally be changed in the vertical direction and / or horizontal direction.

This variability is in the case of facade constructions with one arranged on the outside of the facade

Multifunctional glass pane as an integral part of the curtain wall is not possible. Furthermore, the

Multifunction glass element on at least two of the above functions, preferably at least three and particularly preferably at least four of the functions

are realized.

The main thermal insulation layer permanently separates the outside and indoor climate. In the present case there is

Main thermal insulation level from the thermally insulated frame profiles and the infills integrated there in the form of insulating glass and thermally insulated panels. It is also possible that no panels are installed in the parapet area, but rather the

Insulating glass elements in several parts or in one piece represent the infill over the entire floor height. The separation

between the outside climate and the indoor climate is primary

to understand from a thermal point of view, however, the separation also consists in a reduced air permeability, sufficient tightness against driving rain and, if necessary, sound insulation.

Due to the arrangement of the multifunctional glass element on the room side behind the main thermal insulation level, a

Glare protection provided by the multifunctional glass element does not prevent passive use of solar energy in winter. In addition, a very flexible design and use is possible.

Additional advantages of arranging the

Multifunctional glass elements behind the main thermal insulation level are the longer service life of the multifunctional glass element due to the weather-protected position and the associated less cleaning effort due to less

Pollution. The cleaning effort is also further reduced by the better accessibility of the multifunction glass element, which means the cleaning costs to be expended

reduced.

The multifunctional glass element can be divided into a plurality of individual glass panes through which

changeable position of the multifunctional glass element can be brought into a position that is most suitable for the respective function, as required.

It is thus possible to provide a single function for each glass pane and to divide the multifunctional glass element into a large number of individual elements, so that overall the multifunction glass element fulfills a multitude of functions.

In the same way, it is also possible to combine all functions in a single pane of glass. It is

preferably the multifunction glass element

Laminated glass pane with two glass panes and one

Liner. In the same way, the laminated glass pane can also comprise at least three glass panes with two intermediate layers if numerous functionalities are provided. Likewise, two laminated glass panes can be provided, on which the functions are divided. So that can

Multifunctional glass element from a single component

exist or alternatively include multiple multifunction glass elements. A laminated glass pane consists of

at least two individual glass panes which are connected to one another by means of an intermediate film or another transparent adhesive, preferably a cast resin, as an adhesive intermediate layer. The thickness of an intermediate film usually starts with a film thickness of 0.38mm. If multilayer films are used, however, significantly higher thicknesses can also be achieved, which can be matched to the elements to be embedded in the intermediate film.

If, for example, four functions are to be provided for a single laminated glass pane, these are generally integrated into the intermediate layer. Likewise, as an alternative or in addition, individual functions can also be integrated into the individual glass panes of a laminated glass. So two functions can be in each glass pane of the

Laminated glass should be provided, but a 3: 1 split between the two glass panes can also be selected. At the

Providing all six functions can also be chosen any division, that of one

even division 3: 3 can go to a division 1: 5. Any division between the intermediate layer and the individual glass panes is possible as long as these makes technical sense. For example, it makes technical sense to arrange integrated speakers towards the inside of the room. Furthermore, functions in the intermediate layer or layers between the individual glass panes of the

Laminated glass pane can be integrated.

According to an alternative preferred embodiment of the

Invention is the multi-functional glass element

Double glass pane with a space between 4mm and 20mm, the individual panes are preferably movable separately with respect to their position. Here, too, is an arbitrary division of functions among the individual

Glass panes of the double glass pane possible.

Basically, it is also possible as

Multifunction glass element an insulating glass pane

to be used, which are also on the room side behind the

Main thermal insulation level is arranged.

All the embodiments of the invention described so far have in common that several functions of the

Multifunction glass element can be arranged in spatially separate areas. This advantageous arrangement in spatially separate areas makes sense because

For example, the function of at least partial heatability is preferably arranged at those points that are located near the floor of a room adjoining the curtain wall. Conversely, glare protection is often provided in a central area in relation to the room height in order to be effective for sitting or standing people, but without one on the

To darken the room arranged inside too much. Integrated LEDs as room lighting can be switched on

different places can be arranged sensibly, but are often related to a room inside the

Curtain wall in an area near the ceiling. According to the invention, the individual functions can either in separate areas of the

Multifunction glass element can be arranged, or in overlapping areas. A typical example of an overlapping area is to provide one

Room lighting with integrated LEDs, which can be provided in the area of a glare protection.

The multifunctional glass element according to the invention is

preferably designed as part of an openable window or as a folding sliding element. An openable window can be used as a single-leaf rotating window, as a forend window with two rotating leaves, as a tilting window, as a hinged window, as

Swing window, as a reversing window or as

Sliding window can be designed. The sliding window can be slid sideways, up, down, or up and down.

The multifunctional glass element preferably has smaller dimensions than an outer one arranged on the facade side

Glass element. This makes it easier to position the

To change multifunctional glass element in the vertical direction and / or horizontal direction, but also a possible replacement of the multifunctional glass element if repairs are to be carried out or these are replaced by one

Multifunction glass pane with an expanded range of functions is to be replaced.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the curtain wall also has an integrated sun protection, which is provided either as a separate sun protection element or as a switchable layer in the outer glass element on the facade side. Such integrated sun protection can detect the level of solar radiation via sensors and accordingly regulate the sun protection automatically. The building envelope according to the invention is characterized in that the multi-functional glass element on the room side in one

Distance between 50mm and 500mm to an adjacent one

Inner wall of the building envelope is arranged. The term "on the room side" is understood to mean that the

Multifunction glass element is located in the room behind the inner wall of the building envelope in the specified distance range. The upper limit of 500mm arises less due to technical requirements, but is chosen so that the available space is not wasted due to an excessively large distance.

This preferably extends

Multifunctional glass element over the full width of the room and / or over the full height of the room. Alternatively, it is also possible that the multifunctional glass element only extends over a partial area of the room, e.g. over a height of 1000mm to 2500mm, but over the full width of the room, or only in a central area with respect to the width and height of the room, if the multifunctional glass element is concrete, for example

Jobs should be facing.

The function of the glare protection in the form of changeable or switchable layers is preferably in the form of a

Laminated glass designed. Providing one

Room lighting is preferably achieved by placing the LEDs in the composite resin material between the

Glass panes are integrated. The LEDs can

evenly over the surface of the multifunction glass element or in any strip-like arrangement

be provided. It is also possible to set the density of the LEDs above the height of the multifunction glass element

graded continuously or discontinuously.

If the multifunction glass element functions as

Information system owns, for example Screen can also be provided over the entire surface, or are located only in partial areas of the multifunction glass element, particularly preferably in the center thereof.

A building with the curtain wall according to the invention is preferably designed so that each

Multifunction glass element is assigned to a specific room in the building, so that it can be operated and controlled from the inside of the room. Depending on the size of the room, a number of multifunctional glass elements can of course be located in a single room.

Brief description of the drawings

The invention is described below purely by way of example with reference to the accompanying figures, wherein

Fig. 1 a vertical section through an elementary

Facade shows;

Fig. 2 shows a vertical section through a

Mullion-transom facade;

Fig. 3a

to

Fig. 3d different possible arrangements of four

Display functions on a multifunction glass element;

Fig. 4 shows a horizontal section through an element

Represents facade;

Fig. 5 shows a horizontal section through a

Mullion-transom facade;

Fig. 6 shows the possible arrangement of anti-glare

shows a multifunction glass element; Fig. 7 shows the possible arrangement of the function of the

Represents heatability in a multifunctional glass element;

Fig. 8

and

Fig. 9 possible arrangements of the functions of the

Design as room lighting of the

Show multifunction glass element;

Fig. 10 shows the possible arrangement of several different

Shows functions on a multifunction glass element;

11 shows a further variant of a

Multifunctional glass element with the spatial

Shows arrangement of four functions;

Fig. 12 shows the sliding arrangement of a

Multifunction glass element shows; and

Fig. 13 is a side view of that shown in Fig. 12

Facade shows.

Ways of Carrying Out the Invention

The following are the same in each of the following figures

Elements identified with the same reference numbers.

1 shows a schematic vertical section through a building envelope according to the invention with an element facade. As can be seen, the glazing 10 of the element facade is provided as triple glazing with the individual glass elements 10a, 10b and 10c. The glass elements are pre-assembled in a framework 20 and are attached to the shell 30 during construction. In the illustrated Vertical section view shows a transparent zone T and an opaque zone 0. The main thermal insulation level HWDE is located in the region of the glass elements 10a, 10b and 10c spaced apart from one another in the heat flow direction W. The main thermal insulation layer permanently separates the outside and indoor climate. In the present case there is

Main thermal insulation level made of the thermally insulated frame profiles and the infills integrated therein in the form of insulating glass and thermally insulated panels. , The glass element 11c is designed as a multifunctional glass element, as will be explained in detail below using numerous examples.

The variants of the provision of sun protection, which are also shown in FIG. 1, are explained below with reference to FIG. 2.

Fig. 2 shows a vertical section through a

building envelope according to the invention with a

Mullion-transom facade, which differs from the element facade according to FIG. 1 in that the assembly of the curtain wall from mullion and transom profiles and the insertion and fastening of the infill elements 10 takes place on the construction site. For this purpose, the latch 22 are attached to posts and after creating the post and

Bar frame, the glass element 10 used. The

As in the embodiment according to FIG. 1, glass elements 10 again consist of triple glazing with the individual glass panes 10a, 10b and 10c. On the inside of the facade is a multifunction glass element 11.

On the inside of the facade in relation to the main thermal insulation level is the one described in more detail below

Multifunction glass element 11.

In addition, the mullion-transom facade according to FIG. 2 is provided with sun protection. This can either be in the form of a sun protection 40 arranged on the outside of the facade, for example in the form of motor-adjustable slats, or in the form of a

Glass sunscreen 42 arranged in between. Alternatively, however, this can also (not shown)

Outer glass 10a be designed so that it has a switchable layer.

FIGS. 3a to 3d show different ways in which the multifunctional glass element can be designed. The functionalities are in

Correspond to the designation in claim 1 with A to D.

3a are four separate

Functionalities provided. These are the glare protection A through the glass, the heatability B of the glass, the

Design with integrated LEDs as room lighting C and the design of the multifunction glass element as information system D by providing a screen.

The glass panes with the glare protection, the lighting and the information system can be moved in the vertical direction V. The glass pane with the heatability B is preferably horizontally displaceable, in order to at times when space heating is not required, in one

To be able to move the area in which the corresponding

Glass pane does not interfere optically. Each pane can preferably be moved separately from one another, so that, for example, the room lighting or the screen can be brought separately into the desired position.

3b are in one

Multifunctional glass element with a single glass pane 11a, which is designed, for example, as a multi-layer glass, which integrates the functionalities A, C and D, ie the glare protection A, the lighting C and the information system D. The lighting C is at an upper edge of the Multifunction glass element above the glare protection

arranged, whereas the information system D in the form of a screen in a central part of the

Anti-glare protection. The functionality of heating B is provided in a separate pane 11b. Through the

A suitable arrangement of the functionalities according to the usual needs can be dispensed with in the embodiment according to FIG. 3b, a separate displaceability of the individual panes, but there is a vertical and / or

Horizontal displaceability is also possible in the embodiment according to FIG. 3b.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3c, functions A, B, C and D are arranged in a single glass pane 11a. The glare protection A is located in a central main surface of the multifunction glass element and the

Integrated LEDs as room lighting C are arranged laterally to A in the form of a vertically arranged hem around the centrally arranged glare shield A. The screen as information system D is, as already in the embodiments according to FIGS. 3a and 3b, in the central part of the area

Anti-glare A arranged. The functional layer with the functionality of heatability B adjoins the area with glare protection A at the bottom.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 3d, all functionalities A, B, C, D, E, F are integrated in the multifunctional glass element. In addition to the glare protection A, the heatability B arranged separately below the other functions, the lighting C and the information system D, there are also one or more integrated cameras E and one or more

integrated speaker F provided. This one too

Embodiment, the heatable glass B below the

Glare protection A through the glass in a separate pane if a separate positioning of the pane with the heatability should be desired. In the embodiment according to FIG. 3d, the information system is also D divided into two parts. In addition to the

Central area of anti-glare A arranged

Information system D in the form of a screen is additionally provided with a media strip D2 in the upper area.

4 and 5 are horizontal sections through the element facade (Fig. 4) and

Mullion and transom facade (Fig. 5) shown, the

Vertical sections in FIGS. 1 and 2 have already been shown. 5, the posts 24 of the facade are shown, the axes of which are arbitrary, but which are preferably arranged at a distance of between 1 m and 5 m. The same applies to the dimensions of the individual elements of the element facade with the frame 20 and the glazing 10.

Also shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 are again an external sun protection 42 and a sun protection 42 arranged at a distance between the glass elements 10a and 10b

Arranged inside the room behind the main thermal insulation level HWDE of the facade.

6 shows a multi-functional glass element 11 in which there is a hatched area

Glare protection B shown is only in a central position of the multifunction glass element 11. This is the preferred position, since a sufficient amount of light can get into the interior of the building in the upper area of the pane, but at the same time glare protection is ensured for living or working purposes in the area of interest when people are standing or sitting in the room. Further functionalities in the multifunctional glass element 11 according to FIG. 6 have been dispensed with, since it is only a matter of the preferred arrangement of the glare protection.

In the illustration according to FIG. 7, additional functionalities and their arrangement in addition to the heatability B have been dispensed with. The heated area B is located preferably in the vertical direction at the bottom of the

Multifunction glass element 11, so that cold air on the

Inside of the arranged towards the inside of the room

Multifunctional glass element is heated by the rising, rising air and is prevented from forming a cold layer on the floor of the room which is perceived as uncomfortable.

Also in the illustration according to FIG. 8, only one possible arrangement of the functionality as room lighting C with individual LEDs 50 was used. The LEDs 50 were only shown schematically and, in comparison to the dimensions of a conventional multifunctional glass element 11, were significantly enlarged. Many conceivable positions are possible for arranging the room lighting C, but the arrangement of LEDs as room lighting is at the top

Multifunctional glass element 11 as well as the arrangement according to FIG. 9 in the form of a completely or partially surrounding frame conceivable arrangements. 8 and 9, further functionalities and their functions were also shown

Placement relative to room lighting C omitted.

10 are in the

previous embodiments shown individually

Functionalities of a glare protection A, a heatability B and room lighting C are shown in combination with the aid of individual LEDs 50. In addition to a preferably centrally arranged glare protection area A and a preferably lower area B which is heatable, the LEDs 50 are shown as room lighting C in the form of a frame which is located in the upper area of the multifunctional glass element 11.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 11, there are others

Functionalities provided. In addition to a glare protection A arranged centrally on the multifunctional glass element 11, there is A in the lower area and adjacent to the glare protection area a heatable area B is provided. At the upper edge of the multifunction glass element 11, similar to the illustration according to FIG. 8, room lighting C with LEDs 50 is provided. Furthermore, an information system D is provided, which acts as a screen in the central area and the area of the

Anti-glare A is provided overlapping. In addition to this information system D there is another area D2

provided, which is arranged below the room lighting C and above the glare protection A and also as

Information system can be used.

The individual areas can partly automatically

can be controlled, such as glare protection A or heating B, or via a suitable medium

can be controlled. This can be done, for example, in the form of a remote control, but also with the aid of a suitable app, so that authorized persons or groups of people can control the room lighting C or one or more information systems D, D2 via their smartphone. For this purpose, the multifunctional glass element is provided with a suitable sensor system which, for example, detects the lighting situation, detects the presence of people in the room via a motion sensor, or else by suitable ones

Temperature sensors recorded the room temperature.

FIG. 12 shows the manner in which a

Multifunctional glass element viewed from the inside of the room arranged relative to the glass element 10 of the curtain wall and displaceable in the vertical direction V.

can be provided. The provision of suitable and preferably self-locking sliding means and rail constructions is at the discretion of the person skilled in the art, who knows various sliding solutions in the field of window technology.

13 is a vertical section through the

Building envelope according to the invention shown in FIG. 12. The glass element 10 can be an openable element 13 exhibit. The multifunctional glass element 11, which can comprise several individual glass panes, for example as shown in FIG. 3a, is preferably arranged at a distance a between 50 mm and 500 mm from the glass element 10 and can

also as an openable window or as

Folding slide element can be designed.

All of the illustrated embodiments have in common that the multifunctional glass element combines different functions in itself and in its horizontal and / or vertical

Function is shiftable. In principle, all functions of the glasses can be activated differently, such as

for example LEDs that can be set differently.

The multifunctional glass element consequently contains several functions simultaneously via the pure function of one

Glass pane, whereby the multifunctional glass element is always directed towards the inside of the room and behind the

Main thermal insulation level of the building envelope is arranged.

According to a further embodiment, which is not the subject of the invention, the glass pane on the inside of the facade is designed as a multifunctional glass element which can have all of the properties described herein.

Claims

claims

1. Building envelope comprising a curtain wall with a

Frame construction with a plurality of glass elements, which are spaced apart from each other in the direction of heat flow, a multifunctional glass element being arranged on the room side behind the main thermal insulation level of the curtain wall, the position of the multifunctional glass element being changeable in the vertical direction and / or horizontal direction; and the multifunction glass element has at least two of the functions from the list, comprising:

(A) glare protection in the form of changeable or

switchable layers;

(B) heatability at least in some areas;

(C) Design with integrated LEDs as

Lighting;

(D) Design at least in some areas as an information system, in particular as

Screen;

(E) configuration with at least two integrated cameras; and

(F) Design with at least two integrated speakers.

2. Building envelope according to claim 1,

characterized in that

the multifunction glass element at least three of the

Features (A to F).

3. Building envelope according to claim 1,

characterized in that

the multifunction glass element at least four of the

Features (A to F).

4. Building envelope according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that

the multifunctional glass element comprises a laminated glass.

5. Building envelope according to one of claims 1 to 3,

characterized in that

the multifunctional glass element is designed as a double glass pane with a space between the panes of between 4 mm and 20 mm, the individual panes

are preferably movable separately with respect to their position.

6. Building envelope according to one of claims 4 or 5,

characterized in that

the functions of the multifunctional glass element are distributed over the individual panes.

7. Building envelope according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that

several functions of the multifunction glass element are arranged in spatially separate areas.

8. Building envelope according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that

that several functions of the multifunction glass element are arranged in overlapping areas.

9. Building envelope according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that

the multifunctional glass element comprises an openable window or is designed as a folding and sliding element.

10. Building envelope according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that

the multifunctional glass element has smaller dimensions than a glass element arranged on the outside of the facade.

11. Building envelope according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising an integrated sun protection, which is provided as a separate sun protection element or as a switchable layer in the facade-side outer glass element.

12. Building envelope according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that

the multi-functional glass element on the room side in one

Distance between 50m and 500mm to an adjacent inner wall of the building envelope is arranged.

13. Building envelope according to claim 12,

characterized in that

the multifunction glass element over the full

Ceiling height extends.

14. Building envelope according to claim 13,

characterized in that

the multifunctional glass element extends across the full width of a room.