EP3815184A1 - Radiofrequency transmission device comprising a fastening element forming a radiating portion of an antenna - Google Patents

Radiofrequency transmission device comprising a fastening element forming a radiating portion of an antenna

Info

Publication number
EP3815184A1
EP3815184A1 EP19730833.1A EP19730833A EP3815184A1 EP 3815184 A1 EP3815184 A1 EP 3815184A1 EP 19730833 A EP19730833 A EP 19730833A EP 3815184 A1 EP3815184 A1 EP 3815184A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
track
transmission device
radiofrequency
fixing element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19730833.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Serge CONTAL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sagemcom Broadband SAS
Original Assignee
Sagemcom Broadband SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sagemcom Broadband SAS filed Critical Sagemcom Broadband SAS
Publication of EP3815184A1 publication Critical patent/EP3815184A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/44—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas using equipment having another main function to serve additionally as an antenna, e.g. means for giving an antenna an aesthetic aspect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0421—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with a shorting wall or a shorting pin at one end of the element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/28—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of two or more substantially straight conductive elements
    • H01Q19/32—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of two or more substantially straight conductive elements the primary active element being end-fed and elongated
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/32—Vertical arrangement of element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength

Definitions

  • Radiofrequency transmission device comprising a fixing element forming a radiating portion of an antenna
  • the invention relates to the field of radio frequency transmission devices comprising a fixing element forming a radiating portion of an antenna.
  • Antennas are used in an extremely large number of diverse applications, in all industrial fields; automotive, aeronautics, telecommunications, medicine, energy, etc.
  • an antenna is fixed on any support by one or more metallic fixing elements; screws, clips, clip, etc.
  • a whip antenna for example an antenna mounted on a car, is fixed by screwing with a screw or a thread located at one end of the whip antenna.
  • antennas each having the form of a metallic component fixed by screws on a support, for example on a printed circuit or on a housing of the telephone.
  • the metallic fasteners of the antennas but also the other metallic fasteners, for example those used to fix an electric card on a box, tend to interfere with the operation of the antennas located near said metallic fasteners.
  • an antenna integrated in or on electrical equipment occupies a relatively large volume of electrical equipment. It is therefore very advantageous to try to reduce the volume occupied by the antenna.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the performance of radio frequency communications implemented by electrical equipment in or on which an antenna is integrated, and to reduce the volume occupied by 1 / antenna.
  • a radiofrequency transmission device comprising an electric card, a transmission line, and an electrically conductive fixing element which is intended to fix the electric card on a support, the transmission line being electrically coupled with the fixing element so that the fixing element forms at least a first radiating portion of an antenna arranged to transmit and / or to receive radio frequency signals traveling on the transmission line.
  • the electric card further comprises a first antenna track connected to the transmission line and electrically coupled with the fixing element, the first antenna track forming a second radiating portion of the antenna.
  • the fixing element forms a first radiating portion of the antenna and is therefore used to transmit and / or receive radiofrequency signals.
  • the fixing element is therefore no longer an element which disrupts radio frequency communications.
  • advantage is taken of the dimensions of the fixing element to form the antenna.
  • the volume dedicated to the antenna is therefore reduced inside the electrical equipment in which the radiofrequency transmission device according to the invention is integrated, and therefore the volume of the electrical equipment itself is reduced.
  • a radiofrequency transmission device such as that just described is proposed, in which the electric card comprises a first surface formed on a conductive layer and a second surface formed on an insulating layer, the first surface being a surface of mass, the fastener extending from or through the second surface.
  • the transmission line is a transmission track for the electric card, which extends inside the first surface up to the second surface to form the first antenna track which extends into the second surface as close to the fastener.
  • the electric card comprises a second antenna track which extends inside the second surface, which is connected to the first antenna track, and which forms a third radiating portion of the antenna.
  • a radiofrequency transmission device such as that just described is also proposed, in which the antenna resonance frequency is also defined from a length of the first antenna track and / or a length of the second antenna track and therefore at least one dimension of the second surface.
  • radiofrequency transmission device such as that which has just been described.
  • figuxe 1 is a perspective and exploded view of an electrical equipment in which is integrated a radiofrequency transmission device according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 2 is a perspective and transparent view of the electrical equipment
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view from above of an electric card and a screw of the radiofrequency transmission device according to the first embodiment of the invention
  • Figures 4 is a view similar to that of Figure 3, but from below;
  • Figures 5 and 6 are views similar to that of Figure 3, but with different lengths of a first antenna track
  • FIG. 7 represents a three-dimensional radiation diagram of an antenna of the radiofrequency transmission device according to the first embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 8 is a section of the diagram of Figure 7, a angle Theta having a fixed value equal to 90 °;
  • Figure 9 is a section of the diagram of Figure 7, an angle Phi having a fixed value equal to 90 °;
  • Figure 10 shows an electric field around the screw
  • Figures 11 to 13 are perspective and top views of an electric card and a screw of a radiofrequency transmission device according to a second embodiment of the invention, the views differing from each other by a length of a second antenna track;
  • FIG. 14 is a graph on which curves of a parameter SU are represented for different lengths of the second antenna track
  • FIG. 15 represents a three-dimensional radiation diagram of an antenna of the radiofrequency transmission device according to the second embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 17 represents a radiofrequency transmission device according to a third embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 18 shows a radio frequency transmission device according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • a radiofrequency transmission device is here integrated into electrical equipment 1 which, in addition to the radiofrequency transmission device, comprises a housing 2.
  • the housing 2 is here made of plastic, in this case ABS plastic.
  • the housing 2 includes an upper cover 3 and a lower cover 4.
  • the radiofrequency transmission device firstly comprises an electric card 5.
  • the electric card 5 is fixed to the housing 2 by four screws 6.
  • the housing 2 is therefore a support for the electric card 5.
  • the electric card 5 has four holes 7 each positioned in a separate corner of the electrical card 5.
  • the upper cover 3 has four holes 8 each positioned in a separate corner of the upper cover 3.
  • the lower cover 4 meanwhile, has four threaded studs 9 each positioned in a separate corner of the lower cover 4.
  • each screw 6 extends through a hole 8 made in the upper cover 3, a hole 7 made in the electric card 5, and is screwed into a threaded stud 9 of the lower cover 4.
  • Each screw 6 is here made of iron and has a diameter of 3mm and a length of about 18mm.
  • a first surface 14 is formed on the conductive layer 12.
  • the first surface 14 is a ground surface which covers a large part of the insulating layer 10 with the exception, in particular, of a rectangular portion of the insulating layer 10.
  • This rectangular portion defines a second rectangular surface 15 formed on the insulating layer 10.
  • the radiofrequency transmission device also comprises a transmission line 16 which in this case is here a transmission track 16 formed on the conductive layer 12 of the electric card 5.
  • the transmission track 16 extends inside the first surface 14, parallel to an edge 17 of the electric card 5 and to a first side 18 of the second surface 15.
  • a transmission port 20 is positioned in the first surface 14 at a first end of the transmission track 16.
  • the transmission track 16 opens at its second end in the second surface 15 and forms, in the second surface 15, a first antenna track 21.
  • the transmission track 16 and the first antenna track 21 are interconnected and are therefore formed by the same track, but differ in that the transmission track 16 extends in the ground surface while the first antenna track 21 extends over the insulating layer 10 without being surrounded by ground.
  • the radiofrequency transmission device also comprises a screw 6 which extends from or through the second surface 15, here through the second surface 15.
  • One of the holes 7 of the electric card 5, through which the screw 6 extends, is positioned in the second surface 15.
  • the hole 7 is a metallized hole 7.
  • the metallized hole 7 here has an internal surface coated with metal. It would be possible to metallize the hole 7 differently, for example by inserting a metal tube into the hole 7.
  • the first antenna track 21 extends in the second surface 15 up to the proximity of the metallized hole 7, being electrically coupled to the metallized hole 7.
  • the first antenna track 21 extends around the metallized hole 7 and is directly connected to the metallized hole 7.
  • the screw 6 is therefore positioned in the immediate vicinity of the metallized hole 7, or even in contact with the metallized hole 7, so that the transmission track 16 is electrically coupled with the screw 6 via the metallized hole 7 and the first antenna track 21.
  • the transmission track 16 thus forms a transmission line 16 on which radio frequency signals pass, while the screw 6 forms a first radiating portion of an antenna and the first antenna track 21 forms a second radiating portion of the antenna.
  • the screw 6 and the first antenna track 21 therefore form an antenna to which the transmission track 16 is connected.
  • radiating portion is meant that the portion actively participates in the radiation produced by the antenna and has characteristics which contribute to defining the intrinsic electromagnetic characteristics of the antenna.
  • the radio frequency signals traveling on the transmission track 16 are generated by a transmission component of the electric card 5, transmitted to the transmission track 16 via the transmission port 20 of the transmission track 16, then radiated by the antenna. , and / or are received by the antenna and transmitted to a reception component of the electric card 5 via the transmission port 20.
  • the antenna can therefore obviously be used for transmission and / or reception of radio frequency signals.
  • the transmission line 16 formed by the transmission track 16, and which is connected to the antenna, has a characteristic impedance of 50W (which is not the case for the first antenna track 21 which forms a second portion radiating from the antenna and not a line connected to the antenna ⁇ .
  • the active part of the antenna therefore begins at the end of the first antenna track 21 which corresponds to the second end of the transmission track 16.
  • the screw 6 does not need to be in strict contact with the first antenna track 21.
  • the electrical coupling provided by the proximity between the body of the screw 6 and the metallized internal surface of the metallized hole 7, in the thickness of the printed circuit of the electric card 5, is sufficient for the propagation of the radiofrequency signals between the first antenna track 21 and the screw 6,
  • a non-repeatable contact for example depending on manufacturing or positioning tolerances
  • the device can for example comprise a mechanical index.
  • the antenna constituted by the first antenna track 21 and by the screw 6 is a monopoly antenna which here has a resonance frequency of 5.2SGHz.
  • the resonant frequency of the antenna is defined from a length of the screw 6, and from a length of the first antenna track 21 and therefore at least one dimension of the second surface 15, in this case the length of the first side 18 of the second surface 15
  • the length of the first antenna track 21 and therefore of the first side 18 of the second surface 15 is adjusted to define the resonance frequency of the desired antenna. Adjusting the length of the first antenna track 21 is equivalent to adjusting the length of the first side 18 of the second surface 15, since it is considered here that the screw 6 is positioned at a constant distance (i.e. not adjustable ) from the edge
  • the length of the first antenna track 21, and therefore the length of the first side 18 of the second surface 15, can be relatively large.
  • the length of the first antenna track 21 can also be very small, or even almost zero, so that the first antenna track 21 is formed only by the portion which surrounds the metallized hole 7 and through the metallic hole 7 himself,
  • the use of the length of the screw 6 to define the resonant frequency of the antenna makes it possible to reduce the area of the electric card 5 dedicated to the antenna, and therefore the space occupied by the antenna to inside the housing 2.
  • the use of the screw 6 makes it possible to obtain a wide variety of electromagnetic polarization of the antenna, even in a small volume housing 2.
  • the screw 6 of the transmission device according to the first embodiment of the invention here extends perpendicular to the electrical card 5. We obtain therefore a three-dimensional antenna without increasing the volume of the electrical equipment 1, but using a screw 6 which is necessary whatever happens to fix the electrical card 5 and close the box 2.
  • a map electric 105 of a radiofrequency transmission device here comprises a first antenna track 121 and a second antenna track 122 which extend in the second surface 115, as well as a transmission track (not shown).
  • the electric card 105 also includes a metallized hole 107 positioned in the second surface 115,
  • the radiofrequency transmission device according to the second embodiment of the invention further comprises a screw 106 which extends through the metallized hole 107.
  • the screw 106 forms a first radiating portion of the antenna of the radiofrequency transmission device according to the second embodiment of the invention, while the first antenna track 121 forms a second radiating portion of the antenna and the second track antenna 122 forms a third radiating portion of the antenna.
  • the first antenna track 121 extends from a first side 118 of the second surface 115.
  • the first antenna track 121 is connected to the transmission track via a transmission port 120 positioned at a first end of the first track antenna 121, which is located on the first side 118.
  • the second antenna track 122 extends from a second side 119 of the second surface 115, which is perpendicular to the first side 118.
  • the second antenna track 122 is connected to the metallized hole 107,
  • the first antenna track 121 and the second antenna track 122 are perpendicular and are interconnected at a connection point 124 which is located on the second antenna track 122 and which corresponds to the second end of the first antenna track 121.
  • the antenna resonant frequency is set to from a length of the screw 106 as well as from a length of the second antenna track 122 and therefore from the length of at least one dimension of the second surface 115, in this case from the length on the first side 118 of the second surface 115.
  • the screw 106 is indeed here always positioned at the same distance from the edge 123 of the electric card 105.
  • the resonant frequency of the antenna could entirely be defined as a function of the length of the first antenna track 121 (and / or that of the second antenna track 122).
  • the antenna here is a “FIFA” type antenna (for Planar Inverted-F Antenna), that is to say a plane antenna in inverted F.
  • the radiating whip comprises the second antenna track 122 and the screw 106.
  • connection point 124 is always situated approximately the same distance from the second side 119, so that the resonant frequency of the antenna is defined more precisely from the distance , on the second antenna line
  • connection point 124 is connected to connection point 122, between the connection point 124 and the metallized hole 107.
  • the resonant frequency which corresponds to a minimum of a curve of the parameter SU, depends on the length of the second antenna track 122.
  • the curve C1 corresponds to a length of the second antenna track 122 equal to 8mm.
  • Curve C2 corresponds to a length of the second antenna track 122 equal to 12mm.
  • the curve C3 corresponds to a length of the second antenna track 122 equal to 16mm.
  • Curve C4 corresponds to a length of the second antenna track 122 equal to 20mm.
  • the first antenna track 121 and the second track are obtained for the antenna formed by the screw 106.
  • antenna 122 an efficiency of about -1.2dB at the frequency of 2.45GHz,
  • the electrical card 205 of a radiofrequency transmission device can be positioned between a first support 201 and a second support 202.
  • the screw 106 tightens between them the first support 201, the second support 202 and the electrical card 205.
  • the first support 201 and the second support 202 are for example covers of a housing.
  • the screw 206 is not in contact with the electric card 205, and the electromagnetic transfer between one or more tracks of the electric card 205 and the screw 206 must be made by an electrical contactless coupling.
  • the proximity between the metallized hole 207, connected to a track, and the screw 206, may be sufficient to ensure efficient electrical coupling.
  • the electric card 305 of a radiofrequency transmission device can be fixed, by means of the screw 306, on a single support 301.
  • the support 301 is for example a plastic base.
  • the electrical cards are fixed to the various supports via iron screws, one of these screws forming a radiating portion of the antenna.
  • other fixing elements could be used to fix the electric card on a support and to form a radiating portion of the antenna, for example clips or staples.
  • the fasteners are not necessarily made of iron, but could be made of any electrically conductive material.
  • Another metal can be used, for example copper, aluminum, steel, etc.
  • a non-metallic material can also be used, for example graphite. It is also possible to use a non-metallic material loaded with metallic particles.
  • the transmission line could not be a track, but for example a conducting wire or a cable connecting the electric card of the radiofrequency transmission device to another electric card of the electrical equipment.
  • the screw or any other electrically conductive fixing element, could also play the role of a reflective element of a Yagi type antenna.
  • the screw could also be used as an isolator between two antennas, and then form a dummy antenna. In this case, there is no signal to transport to 1 radiating element, this consists of the single screw which ensures the function of radiating whip.
  • the radiant whip can be connected or "planted in a ground plane.

Abstract

The invention relates to a radiofrequency transmission device comprising an electrical board (5), a transmission line (16), and an electroconductive fastening element (6) which is intended to fasten the electrical board to a support, the transmission line being electrically coupled to the fastening element such that the fastening element forms at least one first radiating portion of an antenna arranged so as to emit and/or receive radiofrequency signals travelling along the transmission line.

Description

Dispositif de transmission radiofréquence comportant un élément de fixation formant une portion rayonnante d'une antenne  Radiofrequency transmission device comprising a fixing element forming a radiating portion of an antenna
L' invention concerne le domaine des dispositifs de transmission radiofréquence comportant un élément de fixation formant une portion rayonnante d'une antenne.  The invention relates to the field of radio frequency transmission devices comprising a fixing element forming a radiating portion of an antenna.
ARRIERE PLAN DE L' INVENTION  BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Les antennes sont utilisées dans un nombre extrêmement important d'applications diverses, dans tous les domaines industriels ; automobile, aéronautique, télécommunications, médecine, énergie, etc.  Antennas are used in an extremely large number of diverse applications, in all industrial fields; automotive, aeronautics, telecommunications, medicine, energy, etc.
Généralement, une antenne est fixée sur un support quelconque par un ou plusieurs éléments de fixation métalliques ; vis, clips, agrafe, etc.  Generally, an antenna is fixed on any support by one or more metallic fixing elements; screws, clips, clip, etc.
Ainsi, une antenne fouet, par exemple une antenne montée sur une voiture, est fixée par vissage grâce à une vis ou un filetage situé à une extrémité de l'antenne foue .  Thus, a whip antenna, for example an antenna mounted on a car, is fixed by screwing with a screw or a thread located at one end of the whip antenna.
De même, dans un certain nombre de téléphones mobiles, on trouve une ou plusieurs antennes présentant chacune la forme d'un composant métallique fixé par des vis sur un support, par exemple sur un circuit imprimé ou sur un boîtier du téléphone.  Likewise, in a certain number of mobile telephones, there are one or more antennas each having the form of a metallic component fixed by screws on a support, for example on a printed circuit or on a housing of the telephone.
Les éléments de fixation métalliques des antennes, mais aussi les autres éléments de fixation métalliques, par exemple ceux utilisés pour fixer une carte électrique sur un boîtier, ont tendance à gêner le fonctionnement des antennes situées à proximité desdits éléments de fixation métalliques.  The metallic fasteners of the antennas, but also the other metallic fasteners, for example those used to fix an electric card on a box, tend to interfere with the operation of the antennas located near said metallic fasteners.
Généralement, par ailleurs, une antenne intégrée dans ou sur un équipement électrique occupe un volume relativement important de l'équipement électrique. Il est donc très avantageux de tenter de réduire le volume occupé par l'antenne. OBJET DE 1/ INVENTION Generally, moreover, an antenna integrated in or on electrical equipment occupies a relatively large volume of electrical equipment. It is therefore very advantageous to try to reduce the volume occupied by the antenna. OBJECT OF 1 / INVENTION
L'invention a pour objet d'améliorer les performances de communications radiofréquences mises en œuvre par un équipement électrique dans ou sur lequel est intégrée une antenne, et de réduire le volume occupé par 1/ antenne.  The object of the invention is to improve the performance of radio frequency communications implemented by electrical equipment in or on which an antenna is integrated, and to reduce the volume occupied by 1 / antenna.
RESUME DE L'INVENTION  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
En vue de la réalisation de ce but, on propose un dispositif de transmission radiofréquence comportant une carte électrique, une ligne de transmission, et un élément de fixation électriquement conducteur qui est destiné à fixer la carte électrique sur un support, la ligne de transmission étant couplée électriquement avec l'élément de fixation de sorte que l'élément de fixation forme au moins une première portion rayonnante d'une antenne agencée pour émettre et/ou pour recevoir des signaux radiofréquences cheminant sur la ligne de transmission. La carte électrique comporte en outre une première piste d'antenne reliée à la ligne de transmission et couplée électriquement avec l'élément de fixation, la première piste d'antenne formant une deuxième portion rayonnante de l'antenne.  With a view to achieving this goal, a radiofrequency transmission device is provided comprising an electric card, a transmission line, and an electrically conductive fixing element which is intended to fix the electric card on a support, the transmission line being electrically coupled with the fixing element so that the fixing element forms at least a first radiating portion of an antenna arranged to transmit and / or to receive radio frequency signals traveling on the transmission line. The electric card further comprises a first antenna track connected to the transmission line and electrically coupled with the fixing element, the first antenna track forming a second radiating portion of the antenna.
Ainsi, dans le dispositif de transmission radiofréquence selon l'invention, l'élément de fixation forme une première portion rayonnante de l'antenne et est donc utilisé pour émettre et/ou recevoir des signaux radiofréquences. L'élément de fixation n'est donc plus un élément qui perturbe les communications radiofréquences. Au contraire, on tire profit des dimensions de l'élément de fixation pour former l'antenne. On réduit donc le volume dédié à l'antenne à l'intérieur de l'équipement électrique dans lequel est intégré le dispositif de transmission radiofréquence selon l'invention, et donc on réduit le volume de l'équipement électrique lui-même. On propose de plus un dispositif de transmission radiofréquence tel que celui qui vient d'être décrit, dans lequel la carte électrique comporte une première surface formée sur une couche conductrice et une deuxième surface formée sur une couche isolante, la première surface étant une surface de masse, l'élément de fixation s'étendant depuis ou au travers de la deuxième surface. Thus, in the radiofrequency transmission device according to the invention, the fixing element forms a first radiating portion of the antenna and is therefore used to transmit and / or receive radiofrequency signals. The fixing element is therefore no longer an element which disrupts radio frequency communications. On the contrary, advantage is taken of the dimensions of the fixing element to form the antenna. The volume dedicated to the antenna is therefore reduced inside the electrical equipment in which the radiofrequency transmission device according to the invention is integrated, and therefore the volume of the electrical equipment itself is reduced. In addition, a radiofrequency transmission device such as that just described is proposed, in which the electric card comprises a first surface formed on a conductive layer and a second surface formed on an insulating layer, the first surface being a surface of mass, the fastener extending from or through the second surface.
On propose de plus un dispositif de transmission radiofréquence tel que celui qui vient d'être décrit, dans lequel la ligne de transmission est une piste de transmission de la carte électrique, qui s'étend à l'intérieur de la première surface jusqu'à la deuxième surface pour former la première piste d'antenne qui s'étend dans la deuxième surface jusqu'à proximité de l'élément de fixation.  In addition, a radiofrequency transmission device such as that just described is proposed, in which the transmission line is a transmission track for the electric card, which extends inside the first surface up to the second surface to form the first antenna track which extends into the second surface as close to the fastener.
On propose de plus un dispositif de transmission radiofréquence tel que celui qui vient d'être décrit, dans lequel la carte électrique comporte une deuxième piste d'antenne qui s'étend à l'intérieur de la deuxième surface, qui est reliée à la première piste d'antenne, et qui forme une troisième portion rayonnante de l'antenne.  In addition, a radiofrequency transmission device such as that just described is proposed, in which the electric card comprises a second antenna track which extends inside the second surface, which is connected to the first antenna track, and which forms a third radiating portion of the antenna.
On propose en outre un dispositif de transmission radiofréquence tel que celui qui vient d'être décrit, dans lequel la fréquence de résonance de l'antenne est aussi définie à partir d'une longueur de la première piste d'antenne et/ou d'une longueur de la deuxième piste d'antenne et donc d'au moins une dimension de la deuxième surface .  A radiofrequency transmission device such as that just described is also proposed, in which the antenna resonance frequency is also defined from a length of the first antenna track and / or a length of the second antenna track and therefore at least one dimension of the second surface.
On propose de plus un équipement électrique comportant un dispositif de transmission radiofréquence tel que celui qui vient d'être décrit.  In addition, electrical equipment is proposed comprising a radiofrequency transmission device such as that which has just been described.
L' invention sera mieux comprise à la lumière de la description qui suit de modes de mise en œuvre particuliers non limitatifs de l'invention. BREVE DESCRIPTION DES DESSINS The invention will be better understood in the light of the following description of particular non-limiting embodiments of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Il sera fait référence aux dessins annexés, parmi lesquels :  Reference will be made to the appended drawings, among which:
la figuxe 1 est une vue en perspective et éclatée d' un équipement électrique dans lequel est intégré un dispositif de transmission radiofréquence selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention ;  figuxe 1 is a perspective and exploded view of an electrical equipment in which is integrated a radiofrequency transmission device according to a first embodiment of the invention;
la figure 2 est une vue en perspective et en transparence de l'équipement électrique ;  Figure 2 is a perspective and transparent view of the electrical equipment;
- la figure 3 est une vue en perspective et de dessus d'une carte électrique et d'une vis du dispositif de transmission radiofréquence selon le premier mode de réalisation de l'invention ;  - Figure 3 is a perspective view from above of an electric card and a screw of the radiofrequency transmission device according to the first embodiment of the invention;
la figures 4 est une vue similaire à celle de la figure 3, mais de dessous ;  Figures 4 is a view similar to that of Figure 3, but from below;
les figures 5 et 6 sont des vues similaires à celle de la figure 3, mais avec des longueurs différentes d'une première piste d'antenne ;  Figures 5 and 6 are views similar to that of Figure 3, but with different lengths of a first antenna track;
la figure 7 représente un diagramme de rayonnement en trois dimensions d'une antenne du dispositif de transmission radiofréquence selon le premier mode de réalisation de l' invention ;  FIG. 7 represents a three-dimensional radiation diagram of an antenna of the radiofrequency transmission device according to the first embodiment of the invention;
la figure 8 est une coupe du diagramme de la figure 7, un angle Thêta ayant une valeur fixe égale à 90° ;  Figure 8 is a section of the diagram of Figure 7, a angle Theta having a fixed value equal to 90 °;
la figure 9 est une coupe du diagramme de la figure 7, un angle Phi ayant une valeur fixe égale à 90° ;  Figure 9 is a section of the diagram of Figure 7, an angle Phi having a fixed value equal to 90 °;
la figure 10 représente un champ électrique autour de la vis ;  Figure 10 shows an electric field around the screw;
les figures 11 à 13 sont des vues en perspective et de dessus d'une carte électrique et d'une vis d'un dispositif de transmission radiofréquence selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention, les vues différant les unes des autres par une longueur d'une deuxième piste d'antenne ; Figures 11 to 13 are perspective and top views of an electric card and a screw of a radiofrequency transmission device according to a second embodiment of the invention, the views differing from each other by a length of a second antenna track;
la figure 14 est un graphique sur lequel sont représentées des courbes d'un paramètre SU pour différentes longueurs de la deuxième piste d'antenne ;  FIG. 14 is a graph on which curves of a parameter SU are represented for different lengths of the second antenna track;
la figure 15 représente un diagramme de rayonnement en trois dimensions d'une antenne du dispositif de transmission radiofréquence selon le deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention ;  FIG. 15 represents a three-dimensional radiation diagram of an antenna of the radiofrequency transmission device according to the second embodiment of the invention;
- la figure 16 représente un champ électrique autour de la vis ;  - Figure 16 shows an electric field around the screw;
la figure 17 représente un dispositif de transmission radiofréquence selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention ;  FIG. 17 represents a radiofrequency transmission device according to a third embodiment of the invention;
- la figure 18 représente un dispositif de transmission radiofréquence selon un quatrième mode de réalisation de l'invention.  - Figure 18 shows a radio frequency transmission device according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE DE L' INVENTION  DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
En référence aux figures 1 et 2, un dispositif de transmission radiofréquence selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention est ici intégré dans un équipement électrique 1 qui, outre le dispositif de transmission radiofréquence, comporte un boîtier 2. Le boîtier 2 est ici fabriqué en plastique, en l'occurrence en plastique ABS. Le boîtier 2 comprend un capot supérieur 3 et un capot inférieur 4.  With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, a radiofrequency transmission device according to a first embodiment of the invention is here integrated into electrical equipment 1 which, in addition to the radiofrequency transmission device, comprises a housing 2. The housing 2 is here made of plastic, in this case ABS plastic. The housing 2 includes an upper cover 3 and a lower cover 4.
Le dispositif de transmission radiofréquence comprend tout d'abord une carte électrique 5. La carte électrique 5 est fixée au boîtier 2 par quatre vis 6. Le boîtier 2 est donc un support de la carte électrique 5. La carte électrique 5 comporte quatre trous 7 positionnés chacun dans un coin distinct de la carte électrique 5. De même, le capot supérieur 3 comporte quatre trous 8 positionnés chacun dans un coin distinct du capot supérieur 3. Le capot inférieur 4, quant à lui, comporte quatre plots filetés 9 positionnés chacun dans un coin distinct du capot inférieur 4. Ainsi, pour fixer la carte électrique 5 au boîtier 2 et fermer le boîtier 2, chaque vis 6 s'étend au travers d' un trou 8 pratiqué dans le capot supérieur 3, d'un trou 7 pratiqué dans la carte électrique 5, et est vissée dans un plot fileté 9 du capot inférieur 4. The radiofrequency transmission device firstly comprises an electric card 5. The electric card 5 is fixed to the housing 2 by four screws 6. The housing 2 is therefore a support for the electric card 5. The electric card 5 has four holes 7 each positioned in a separate corner of the electrical card 5. Similarly, the upper cover 3 has four holes 8 each positioned in a separate corner of the upper cover 3. The lower cover 4, meanwhile, has four threaded studs 9 each positioned in a separate corner of the lower cover 4. Thus, to fix the electric card 5 to the housing 2 and close the housing 2, each screw 6 extends through a hole 8 made in the upper cover 3, a hole 7 made in the electric card 5, and is screwed into a threaded stud 9 of the lower cover 4.
Chaque vis 6 est ici fabriquée en fer et présente un diamètre de 3mm et une longueur d'environ 18mm.  Each screw 6 is here made of iron and has a diameter of 3mm and a length of about 18mm.
En référence aux figures 3 et 4, la carte électrique With reference to Figures 3 and 4, the electrical card
5 comporte une couche isolante 10 sur laquelle est collée une couche conductrice 12. 5 comprises an insulating layer 10 on which a conductive layer 12 is bonded.
A titre d'exemple, le substrat utilisé est ici un substrat FR4 ayant une constante diélectrique eG = 4.2 et une épaisseur de limn. By way of example, the substrate used here is a substrate FR4 having a dielectric constant e G = 4.2 and a thickness of limn.
Une première surface 14 est formée sur la couche conductrice 12. La première surface 14 est une surface de masse qui recouvre une grande partie de la couche isolante 10 à l'exception, notamment, d'une portion rectangulaire de la couche isolante 10.  A first surface 14 is formed on the conductive layer 12. The first surface 14 is a ground surface which covers a large part of the insulating layer 10 with the exception, in particular, of a rectangular portion of the insulating layer 10.
Cette portion rectangulaire définit une deuxième surface 15, rectangulaire, formée sur la couche isolante 10.  This rectangular portion defines a second rectangular surface 15 formed on the insulating layer 10.
Le dispositif de transmission radiofréquence comporte de plus une ligne de transmission 16 qui est en l'occurrence ici une piste de transmission 16 formée sur la couche conductrice 12 de la carte électrique 5.  The radiofrequency transmission device also comprises a transmission line 16 which in this case is here a transmission track 16 formed on the conductive layer 12 of the electric card 5.
La piste de transmission 16 s'étend à l'intérieur de la première surface 14, parallèlement à un bord 17 de la carte électrique 5 et à un premier côté 18 de la deuxième surface 15.  The transmission track 16 extends inside the first surface 14, parallel to an edge 17 of the electric card 5 and to a first side 18 of the second surface 15.
Un port de transmission 20 est positionné dans la première surface 14 à une première extrémité de la piste de transmission 16. La piste de transmission 16 débouche au niveau de sa deuxième extrémité dans la deuxième surface 15 et forme, dans la deuxième surface 15, une première piste d'antenne 21. La piste de transmission 16 et la première piste d'antenne 21 sont reliées entre elles et sont donc formées par une même piste, mais diffèrent en ce que la piste de transmission 16 s'étend dans la surface de masse alors que la première piste d'antenne 21 s'étend sur la couche isolante 10 sans être entourée de masse. A transmission port 20 is positioned in the first surface 14 at a first end of the transmission track 16. The transmission track 16 opens at its second end in the second surface 15 and forms, in the second surface 15, a first antenna track 21. The transmission track 16 and the first antenna track 21 are interconnected and are therefore formed by the same track, but differ in that the transmission track 16 extends in the ground surface while the first antenna track 21 extends over the insulating layer 10 without being surrounded by ground.
Le dispositif de transmission radiofréquence comporte de plus une vis 6 qui s'étend depuis ou au travers de la deuxième surface 15, ici au travers de la deuxième surface 15.  The radiofrequency transmission device also comprises a screw 6 which extends from or through the second surface 15, here through the second surface 15.
L'un des trous 7 de la carte électrique 5, au travers duquel s'étend la vis 6, est positionné dans la deuxième surface 15. Le trou 7 est un trou métallisé 7. One of the holes 7 of the electric card 5, through which the screw 6 extends, is positioned in the second surface 15. The hole 7 is a metallized hole 7.
Le trou métallisé 7 présente ici une surface interne revêtue de métal. Il serait possible de métalliser le trou 7 différemment, par exemple en insérant dans le trou 7 un tube métallique. The metallized hole 7 here has an internal surface coated with metal. It would be possible to metallize the hole 7 differently, for example by inserting a metal tube into the hole 7.
La première piste d'antenne 21 s'étend dans la deuxième surface 15 jusqu'à proximité du trou métallisé 7, en étant couplée électriquement au trou métallisé 7. Ici, la première piste d'antenne 21 s'étend autour du trou métallisé 7 et est directement reliée au trou métallisé 7.  The first antenna track 21 extends in the second surface 15 up to the proximity of the metallized hole 7, being electrically coupled to the metallized hole 7. Here, the first antenna track 21 extends around the metallized hole 7 and is directly connected to the metallized hole 7.
La vis 6 est donc positionnée à proximité immédiate du trou métallisé 7, voire en contact avec le trou métallisé 7, de sorte que la piste de transmission 16 est couplée électriquement avec la vis 6 via le trou métallisé 7 et 1a première piste d'antenne 21.  The screw 6 is therefore positioned in the immediate vicinity of the metallized hole 7, or even in contact with the metallized hole 7, so that the transmission track 16 is electrically coupled with the screw 6 via the metallized hole 7 and the first antenna track 21.
La piste de transmission 16 forme ainsi une ligne de transmission 16 sur laquelle cheminent des signaux radiofréquences, alors que la vis 6 forme une première portion rayonnante d'une antenne et 1a première piste d'antenne 21 forme une deuxième portion rayonnante de l'antenne. La vis 6 et la première piste d'antenne 21 forment donc une antenne à laquelle est reliée la piste de transmission 16. The transmission track 16 thus forms a transmission line 16 on which radio frequency signals pass, while the screw 6 forms a first radiating portion of an antenna and the first antenna track 21 forms a second radiating portion of the antenna. The screw 6 and the first antenna track 21 therefore form an antenna to which the transmission track 16 is connected.
Par « portion rayonnante », on entend que la portion participe activement au rayonnement produit par l'antenne et présente des caractéristiques qui contribuent à définir les caractéristiques électromagnétiques intrinsèques de l'antenne.  By "radiating portion" is meant that the portion actively participates in the radiation produced by the antenna and has characteristics which contribute to defining the intrinsic electromagnetic characteristics of the antenna.
Les signaux radiofréquences cheminant sur la piste de transmission 16 sont générés par un composant d'émission de la carte électrique 5, transmis à la piste de transmission 16 via le port de transmission 20 de la piste de transmission 16, puis rayonnés par l'antenne, et/ou sont reçus par l'antenne et transmis à un composant de réception de la carte électrique 5 via le port de transmission 20. L'antenne peut donc bien évidemment être utilisée en émission et/ou en réception de signaux radiofréquences .  The radio frequency signals traveling on the transmission track 16 are generated by a transmission component of the electric card 5, transmitted to the transmission track 16 via the transmission port 20 of the transmission track 16, then radiated by the antenna. , and / or are received by the antenna and transmitted to a reception component of the electric card 5 via the transmission port 20. The antenna can therefore obviously be used for transmission and / or reception of radio frequency signals.
La ligne de transmission 16 que forme la piste de transmission 16, et qui est reliée à l'antenne, a une impédance caractéristique de 50W (ce qui n'est pas le cas de la première piste d'antenne 21 qui forme une deuxième portion rayonnante de l'antenne et non une ligne reliée à 1 ' antenne } .  The transmission line 16 formed by the transmission track 16, and which is connected to the antenna, has a characteristic impedance of 50W (which is not the case for the first antenna track 21 which forms a second portion radiating from the antenna and not a line connected to the antenna}.
La partie active de l'antenne débute donc au niveau de l'extrémité de la première piste d'antenne 21 qui correspond à la deuxième extrémité de la piste de transmission 16.  The active part of the antenna therefore begins at the end of the first antenna track 21 which corresponds to the second end of the transmission track 16.
On note que la vis 6 n'a pas besoin d'être en strict contact avec la première piste d'antenne 21. Le couplage électrique assuré par la proximité entre le corps de la vis 6 et la surface interne métallisée du trou métallisé 7, dans l'épaisseur du circuit imprimé de la carte électrique 5, suffit à la propagation des signaux radiofréquences entre la première piste d'antenne 21 et la vis 6, Toutefois, même si un contact non répétable (par exemple dépendant de tolérances de fabrication ou de positionnement) peut ne pas avoir d' influence notable sur les performances de l'antenne, il peut être intéressant de prévoir un dispositif assurant une très bonne répétabilité. Le dispositif peut par exemple comprendre un index mécanique. It is noted that the screw 6 does not need to be in strict contact with the first antenna track 21. The electrical coupling provided by the proximity between the body of the screw 6 and the metallized internal surface of the metallized hole 7, in the thickness of the printed circuit of the electric card 5, is sufficient for the propagation of the radiofrequency signals between the first antenna track 21 and the screw 6, However, even if a non-repeatable contact (for example depending on manufacturing or positioning tolerances) may not have a significant influence on the performance of the antenna, it may be advantageous to provide a device ensuring a very good repeatability. The device can for example comprise a mechanical index.
L'antenne constituée par la première piste d'antenne 21 et par la vis 6 est une antenne monopole qui présente ici une fréquence de résonance de 5,2SGHz.  The antenna constituted by the first antenna track 21 and by the screw 6 is a monopoly antenna which here has a resonance frequency of 5.2SGHz.
La fréquence de résonance de l'antenne est définie à partir d'une longueur de la vis 6, et à partir d'une longueur de la première piste d'antenne 21 et donc d'au moins une dimension de la deuxième surface 15, en l'occurrence de la longueur du premier côté 18 de la deuxième surface 15  The resonant frequency of the antenna is defined from a length of the screw 6, and from a length of the first antenna track 21 and therefore at least one dimension of the second surface 15, in this case the length of the first side 18 of the second surface 15
Ainsi, en partant d'une longueur de vis 6 donnée, ici égale à 18mm, on ajuste la longueur de la première piste d'antenne 21 et donc du premier côté 18 de la deuxième surface 15 pour définir la fréquence de résonance de l'antenne souhaitée. Ajuster la longueur de la première piste d'antenne 21 revient à ajuster la longueur du premier côté 18 de la deuxième surface 15, car on considère ici que la vis 6 est positionnée à une distance constante (c'est-à-dire non ajustable) du bord Thus, starting from a given screw length 6, here equal to 18mm, the length of the first antenna track 21 and therefore of the first side 18 of the second surface 15 is adjusted to define the resonance frequency of the desired antenna. Adjusting the length of the first antenna track 21 is equivalent to adjusting the length of the first side 18 of the second surface 15, since it is considered here that the screw 6 is positioned at a constant distance (i.e. not adjustable ) from the edge
23 de la carte électrique 5. 23 of the electric card 5.
En référence à la figure 5, la longueur de la première piste d'antenne 21, et donc la longueur du premier côté 18 de la deuxième surface 15, peuvent être relativement importantes.  With reference to FIG. 5, the length of the first antenna track 21, and therefore the length of the first side 18 of the second surface 15, can be relatively large.
En référence à la figure 6, la longueur de la première piste d'antenne 21 peut aussi être très faible, voire presque nulle, de sorte que la première piste d'antenne 21 est formée uniquement par la portion qui entoure le trou métallisé 7 et par le trou métallisé 7 lui-même , With reference to FIG. 6, the length of the first antenna track 21 can also be very small, or even almost zero, so that the first antenna track 21 is formed only by the portion which surrounds the metallized hole 7 and through the metallic hole 7 himself,
Ici, on part donc d'une vis 6 de longueur donnée et on définit la fréquence de résonance de l'antenne en ajustant la longueur de 1a première piste d'antenne 21 et donc du premier côté 18 de la deuxième surface 15, Il serait aussi possible de partir d'une carte électrique 5 donnée et de définir la fréquence de résonance en choisissant la longueur de la vis 6 pour que la longueur de la première piste d'antenne 21 et la longueur de la vis 6 permettent d'obtenir la fréquence de résonance recherchée ,  Here, we therefore start with a screw 6 of given length and define the resonant frequency of the antenna by adjusting the length of the first antenna track 21 and therefore of the first side 18 of the second surface 15, It would be also possible from a given electric card 5 and to define the resonance frequency by choosing the length of the screw 6 so that the length of the first antenna track 21 and the length of the screw 6 make it possible to obtain the resonant frequency sought,
On note que l'utilisation de la longueur de la vis 6 pour définir la fréquence de résonance de l'antenne permet de réduire la surface de la carte électrique 5 dédiée à l'antenne, et donc l'encombrement dédié à l'antenne à l'intérieur du boîtier 2.  It should be noted that the use of the length of the screw 6 to define the resonant frequency of the antenna makes it possible to reduce the area of the electric card 5 dedicated to the antenna, and therefore the space occupied by the antenna to inside the housing 2.
On note aussi que l'utilisation de la vis 6 permet d'obtenir une grande diversité de polarisation électromagnétique de l' antenne, même dans un boîtier 2 de faible volume. En effet, contrairement aux applications traditionnelles dans lesquelles les antennes des équipements électriques de faible épaisseur sont plates, la vis 6 du dispositif de transmission selon le premier mode de réalisation de l'invention s'étend ici perpendiculairement à la carte électrique 5. On obtient donc une antenne en trois dimensions sans augmenter le volume de l'équipement électrique 1, mais en utilisant une vis 6 qui est nécessaire quoiqu'il arrive pour fixer la carte électrique 5 et fermer le boîtier 2.  It should also be noted that the use of the screw 6 makes it possible to obtain a wide variety of electromagnetic polarization of the antenna, even in a small volume housing 2. In fact, unlike traditional applications in which the antennas of thin electrical equipment are flat, the screw 6 of the transmission device according to the first embodiment of the invention here extends perpendicular to the electrical card 5. We obtain therefore a three-dimensional antenna without increasing the volume of the electrical equipment 1, but using a screw 6 which is necessary whatever happens to fix the electrical card 5 and close the box 2.
En référence aux figures 7 à 10, on constate que l'on obtient, pour l'antenne formée de la vis 6 et de la première piste d'antenne 21, une efficacité d'environ - 0.72dB à la fréquence de 5.25GHz, c'est-à-dire comprise entre 70% et 80%,  With reference to FIGS. 7 to 10, it can be seen that, for the antenna formed by the screw 6 and the first antenna track 21, an efficiency of approximately - 0.72dB is obtained at the frequency of 5.25GHz, that is to say between 70% and 80%,
En référence aux figures 11 à 13, une carte électrique 105 d'un dispositif de transmission radiofréquence selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l' invention comporte ici une première piste d' antenne 121 et une deuxième piste d'antenne 122 qui s'étendent dans la deuxième surface 115 , ainsi qu'une piste de transmission (non représentée) . La carte électrique 105 comprend aussi un trou métallisé 107 positionné dans la deuxième surface 115, Referring to Figures 11 to 13, a map electric 105 of a radiofrequency transmission device according to a second embodiment of the invention here comprises a first antenna track 121 and a second antenna track 122 which extend in the second surface 115, as well as a transmission track (not shown). The electric card 105 also includes a metallized hole 107 positioned in the second surface 115,
Le dispositif de transmission radiofréquence selon le deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention comporte de plus une vis 106 qui s'étend au travers du trou métallisé 107.  The radiofrequency transmission device according to the second embodiment of the invention further comprises a screw 106 which extends through the metallized hole 107.
La vis 106 forme une première portion rayonnante de l'antenne du dispositif de transmission radiofréquence selon le deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention, alors que la première piste d'antenne 121 forme une deuxième portion rayonnante de l'antenne et la deuxième piste d'antenne 122 forme une troisième portion rayonnante de l'antenne.  The screw 106 forms a first radiating portion of the antenna of the radiofrequency transmission device according to the second embodiment of the invention, while the first antenna track 121 forms a second radiating portion of the antenna and the second track antenna 122 forms a third radiating portion of the antenna.
La première piste d'antenne 121 s'étend depuis un premier côté 118 de la deuxième surface 115. La première piste d'antenne 121 est reliée à la piste de transmission via un port de transmission 120 positionné à une première extrémité de la première piste d'antenne 121, qui est située sur le premier côté 118.  The first antenna track 121 extends from a first side 118 of the second surface 115. The first antenna track 121 is connected to the transmission track via a transmission port 120 positioned at a first end of the first track antenna 121, which is located on the first side 118.
La deuxième piste d'antenne 122 s'étend depuis un deuxième côté 119 de la deuxième surface 115, qui est perpendiculaire au premier côté 118. La deuxième piste d'antenne 122 est reliée au trou métallisé 107,  The second antenna track 122 extends from a second side 119 of the second surface 115, which is perpendicular to the first side 118. The second antenna track 122 is connected to the metallized hole 107,
La première piste d'antenne 121 et la deuxième piste d' antenne 122 sont perpendiculaires et sont reliées entre elles au niveau d'un point de liaison 124 qui est situé sur la deuxième piste d'antenne 122 et qui correspond à la deuxième extrémité de la première piste d'antenne 121.  The first antenna track 121 and the second antenna track 122 are perpendicular and are interconnected at a connection point 124 which is located on the second antenna track 122 and which corresponds to the second end of the first antenna track 121.
La fréquence de résonance de l'antenne est définie à partir d'une longueur de la vis 106 ainsi qu'à partir d'une longueur de la deuxième piste d'antenne 122 et donc de la longueur d'au moins une dimension de la deuxième surface 115, en l'occurrence de la longueur du premier côté 118 de la deuxième surface 115. La vis 106 est en effet ici toujours positionnée à une même distance du bord 123 de la carte électrique 105. The antenna resonant frequency is set to from a length of the screw 106 as well as from a length of the second antenna track 122 and therefore from the length of at least one dimension of the second surface 115, in this case from the length on the first side 118 of the second surface 115. The screw 106 is indeed here always positioned at the same distance from the edge 123 of the electric card 105.
On précise que la fréquence de résonance de l'antenne pourrait tout à fait être définie en fonction de la longueur de la première piste d'antenne 121 (et/ou de celle de la deuxième piste d'antenne 122).  It is specified that the resonant frequency of the antenna could entirely be defined as a function of the length of the first antenna track 121 (and / or that of the second antenna track 122).
L'antenne est ici une antenne de type « FIFA » (pour Planar Inverted-F Antenna) , c'est-à-dire une antenne plane en F inversé. Le fouet rayonnant comprend 1a deuxième piste d'antenne 122 et la vis 106.  The antenna here is a “FIFA” type antenna (for Planar Inverted-F Antenna), that is to say a plane antenna in inverted F. The radiating whip comprises the second antenna track 122 and the screw 106.
Sur les figues 11 à 13, on voit que le point de liaison 124 est toujours situé à peu près à la même distance du deuxième côté 119, de sorte que la fréquence de résonance de l'antenne est définie plus précisément à partir de la distance, sur la deuxième ligne d'antenne In figs 11 to 13, it can be seen that the connection point 124 is always situated approximately the same distance from the second side 119, so that the resonant frequency of the antenna is defined more precisely from the distance , on the second antenna line
122, entre le point de liaison 124 et le trou métallisé 107. 122, between the connection point 124 and the metallized hole 107.
En référence à la figure 14, on voit bien que la fréquence de résonance, qui correspond à un minimum d'une courbe du paramètre SU, dépend de la longueur de la deuxième piste d'antenne 122. La courbe Cl correspond à une longueur de la deuxième piste d'antenne 122 égale à 8mm. La courbe C2 correspond à une longueur de la deuxième piste d'antenne 122 égale à 12mm. La courbe C3 correspond à une longueur de la deuxième piste d'antenne 122 égale à 16mm. La courbe C4 correspond à une longueur de la deuxième piste d'antenne 122 égale à 20mm.  With reference to FIG. 14, it can be seen that the resonant frequency, which corresponds to a minimum of a curve of the parameter SU, depends on the length of the second antenna track 122. The curve C1 corresponds to a length of the second antenna track 122 equal to 8mm. Curve C2 corresponds to a length of the second antenna track 122 equal to 12mm. The curve C3 corresponds to a length of the second antenna track 122 equal to 16mm. Curve C4 corresponds to a length of the second antenna track 122 equal to 20mm.
En référence aux figures 15 et 16, on constate que l'on obtient, pour l'antenne formée de la vis 106, de la première piste d'antenne 121 et de la deuxième piste d'antenne 122, une efficacité d'environ -1.2dB à la fréquence de 2.45GHz , With reference to FIGS. 15 and 16, it can be seen that the first antenna track 121 and the second track are obtained for the antenna formed by the screw 106. antenna 122, an efficiency of about -1.2dB at the frequency of 2.45GHz,
En référence à la figure 17, on voit que la carte électrique 205 d'un dispositif de transmission radiofréquence selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention peut être positionnée entre un premier support 201 et un deuxième support 202. La vis 106 resserre entre eux le premier support 201, le deuxième support 202 et la carte électrique 205. Le premier support 201 et le deuxième support 202 sont par exemple des capots d'un boîtier.  With reference to FIG. 17, it can be seen that the electrical card 205 of a radiofrequency transmission device according to a third embodiment of the invention can be positioned between a first support 201 and a second support 202. The screw 106 tightens between them the first support 201, the second support 202 and the electrical card 205. The first support 201 and the second support 202 are for example covers of a housing.
Ici, la vis 206 n'est pas en contact avec la carte électrique 205, et le transfert électromagnétique entre une ou des pistes de la carte électrique 205 et la vis 206 doit être fait par un couplage électrique sans contact. Comme on l'a vu précédemment, la proximité entre le trou métallisé 207, relié à une piste, et la vis 206, peut être suffisante pour assurer un couplage électrique efficace .  Here, the screw 206 is not in contact with the electric card 205, and the electromagnetic transfer between one or more tracks of the electric card 205 and the screw 206 must be made by an electrical contactless coupling. As we have seen previously, the proximity between the metallized hole 207, connected to a track, and the screw 206, may be sufficient to ensure efficient electrical coupling.
En référence à la figure 18, on voit que la carte électrique 305 d'un dispositif de transmission radiofréquence selon un quatrième mode de réalisation de l'invention peut être fixée, grâce à la vis 306, sur un unique support 301. Le support 301 est par exemple un socle en plastique. Dans ce cas, il existe une surface de contact « mécanique » entre la vis 306 et la carte électrique 305. Il est alors possible de prévoir que la surface de contact soit positionnée sur une couche conductrice de la carte électrique 305 et de ne pas vernir la surface de contact, de sorte que le couplage électrique entre une piste de la carte électrique 305 et la vis 306 est réalisé par contact direct via la surface de contact.  With reference to FIG. 18, it can be seen that the electric card 305 of a radiofrequency transmission device according to a fourth embodiment of the invention can be fixed, by means of the screw 306, on a single support 301. The support 301 is for example a plastic base. In this case, there is a "mechanical" contact surface between the screw 306 and the electrical card 305. It is then possible to provide that the contact surface is positioned on a conductive layer of the electrical card 305 and not to varnish the contact surface, so that the electrical coupling between a track of the electric card 305 and the screw 306 is carried out by direct contact via the contact surface.
Quelle que soit la configuration de fixation utilisée, on pourra tenir compte de l'environnement de la vis (présence ou non d'une masse de plastique, etc.) et des caractéristiques du couplage électrique entre la piste de transmission et/ou la première piste d'antenne et/ou la deuxième piste d'antenne, pour définir précisément les caractéristiques de l'antenne. Whatever the mounting configuration used, we can take into account the environment of the screws (presence or absence of a plastic mass, etc.) and characteristics of the electrical coupling between the transmission track and / or the first antenna track and / or the second antenna track, to precisely define the characteristics of the antenna.
Bien entendu, l'invention ni est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits mais englobe toute variante entrant dans le champ de l'invention telle que définie par les revendications.  Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described but encompasses any variant coming within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.
On a indiqué que les cartes électriques sont fixées aux différents supports via des vis en fer, l'une de ces vis formant une portion rayonnante de l'antenne. Bien sûr, d'autres éléments de fixation pourraient être utilisés pour fixer la carte électrique sur un support et pour former une portion rayonnante de l'antenne, par exemple des clips ou des agrafes. Les éléments de fixation ne sont pas nécessairement en fer, mais pourraient être fabriqués avec tout matériau électriquement conducteur. On autre métal peut être utilisé, par exemple du cuivre, de l'aluminium, de l'acier, etc. Un matériau non métallique peut aussi être utilisé, par exemple du graphite. Il est aussi possible d'utiliser un matériau non métallique chargé avec des particules métalliques.  It has been indicated that the electrical cards are fixed to the various supports via iron screws, one of these screws forming a radiating portion of the antenna. Of course, other fixing elements could be used to fix the electric card on a support and to form a radiating portion of the antenna, for example clips or staples. The fasteners are not necessarily made of iron, but could be made of any electrically conductive material. Another metal can be used, for example copper, aluminum, steel, etc. A non-metallic material can also be used, for example graphite. It is also possible to use a non-metallic material loaded with metallic particles.
On précise que la ligne de transmission pourrait ne pas être une piste, mais par exemple un fil conducteur ou un câble reliant la carte électrique du dispositif de transmission radiofréquence à une autre carte électrique de l'équipement électrique.  It is specified that the transmission line could not be a track, but for example a conducting wire or a cable connecting the electric card of the radiofrequency transmission device to another electric card of the electrical equipment.
La vis, ou tout autre élément de fixation électriquement conducteur, pourrait aussi jouer le rôle d'un élément réflecteur d'une antenne de type Yagi. La vis pourrait aussi être utilisée comme un isolateur entre deux antennes, et former alors une antenne fictive. Dans ce cas, il n'y a pas de signal à transporter vers 1 élément rayonnant, celui-ci est constitué de la vis seule qui assure la fonction de fouet rayonnant. Le fouet rayonnant peut être raccordé ou « planté dans un plan de masse. The screw, or any other electrically conductive fixing element, could also play the role of a reflective element of a Yagi type antenna. The screw could also be used as an isolator between two antennas, and then form a dummy antenna. In this case, there is no signal to transport to 1 radiating element, this consists of the single screw which ensures the function of radiating whip. The radiant whip can be connected or "planted in a ground plane.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif de transmission radiofréquence comportant une carte électrique (5 ; 105 ; 205 ; 305), une ligne de transmission (16), et un élément de fixation (6 ; 106 ; 206 ; 306) électriquement conducteur qui est destiné à fixer la carte électrique sur un support, la ligne de transmission étant couplée électriquement avec l' élément de fixation de sorte que l' élément de fixation forme au moins une première portion rayonnante d'une antenne agencée pour émettre et/ou pour recevoir des signaux radiofréquences cheminant sur la ligne de transmission, la carte électrique comportant en outre une première piste d'antenne (21 ; 121) reliée à la ligne de transmission et couplée électriquement avec l'élément de fixation, la première piste d'antenne formant une deuxième portion rayonnante de l'antenne. 1. A radiofrequency transmission device comprising an electric card (5; 105; 205; 305), a transmission line (16), and an electrically conductive fixing element (6; 106; 206; 306) which is intended to fix the electric card on a support, the transmission line being electrically coupled with the fixing element so that the fixing element forms at least a first radiating portion of an antenna arranged to transmit and / or to receive radiofrequency signals traveling on the transmission line, the electric card further comprising a first antenna track (21; 121) connected to the transmission line and electrically coupled with the fixing element, the first antenna track forming a second radiating portion of the antenna.
2. Dispositif de transmission radiofréquence selon la revendication 1, dans lequel 1a carte électrique comporte une première surface (14 ; 114) formée sur une couche conductrice (12) et une deuxième surface (15 ; 115) formée sur une couche isolante (10) , la première surface étant une surface de masse, l'élément de fixation s'étendant depuis ou au travers de la deuxième surface.  2. A radiofrequency transmission device according to claim 1, in which the electric card comprises a first surface (14; 114) formed on a conductive layer (12) and a second surface (15; 115) formed on an insulating layer (10) , the first surface being a mass surface, the fastener extending from or through the second surface.
3. Dispositif de transmission radiofréquence selon la revendication 2, dans lequel la ligne de transmission est une piste de transmission de la carte électrique, qui s'étend à l'intérieur de la première surface jusqu'à la deuxième surface pour former la première piste d'antenne qui s'étend dans la deuxième surface jusqu'à proximité de l'élément de fixation.  3. A radiofrequency transmission device according to claim 2, in which the transmission line is a track for transmitting the electric card, which extends inside the first surface to the second surface to form the first track. antenna which extends in the second surface up to the proximity of the fixing element.
4. Dispositif de transmission radiofréquence selon la revendication 3, dans lequel l'antenne est une antenne monopole.  4. A radiofrequency transmission device according to claim 3, in which the antenna is a monopoly antenna.
5. Dispositif de transmission radiofréquence selon la revendication 2, dans lequel la carte électrique comporte une deuxième piste d'antenne (122) qui s'étend à l'intérieur de la deuxième surface (115), qui est reliée à la première piste d'antenne (121), et qui forme une troisième portion rayonnante de l'antenne. 5. Radiofrequency transmission device according to claim 2, in which the electric card comprises a second antenna track (122) which extends inside the second surface (115), which is connected to the first antenna track (121), and which forms a third radiating portion of the antenna.
6. Dispositif de transmission radiofréquence selon la revendication 5, dans lequel l'antenne est une antenne plane en F inversé.  6. A radiofrequency transmission device according to claim 5, in which the antenna is a planar antenna in inverted F.
7. Dispositif de transmission radiofréquence selon l'une des revendications précédentes, une fréquence de résonance de l'antenne étant définie à partir notamment d'une longueur de l'élément de fixation.  7. A radiofrequency transmission device according to one of the preceding claims, a resonant frequency of the antenna being defined in particular from a length of the fixing element.
8. Dispositif de transmission radiofréquence selon la revendication 7 et selon l'une des revendications 2 à 6, dans lequel la fréquence de résonance de l'antenne est aussi définie à partir d'une longueur de la première piste d'antenne et/ou d'une longueur de la deuxième piste d'antenne et donc d'au moins une dimension de la deuxième surface (15 ; 115).  8. A radiofrequency transmission device according to claim 7 and according to one of claims 2 to 6, in which the resonant frequency of the antenna is also defined from a length of the first antenna track and / or a length of the second antenna track and therefore at least one dimension of the second surface (15; 115).
3. Dispositif de transmission radiofréquence selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, dans lequel l'élément de fixation s'étend au travers d'un trou métallisé (7 ; 107 ; 207) formé dans la carte électrique, la première piste d'antenne ou la deuxième piste d'antenne étant reliée au trou métallisé  3. Radio frequency transmission device according to one of claims 1 to 8, in which the fixing element extends through a metallized hole (7; 107; 207) formed in the electric card, the first track d antenna or the second antenna track being connected to the metallized hole
10. Dispositif de transmission radiofréquence selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'antenne est une antenne de type Yagi , et dans lequel l'élément de fixation joue le rôle d'un élément réflecteur de l'antenne Yagi.  10. A radiofrequency transmission device according to one of the preceding claims, in which the antenna is a Yagi type antenna, and in which the fixing element plays the role of a reflective element of the Yagi antenna.
11. Dispositif de transmission radiofréquence selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel 1' élément de fixation est une vis .  11. A radiofrequency transmission device according to one of the preceding claims, in which the fixing element is a screw.
12. Equipement électrique comportant un dispositif de transmission radiofréquence selon l'une des revendications précédentes. 12. Electrical equipment comprising a radiofrequency transmission device according to one of the previous claims.
13. Equipement électrique selon la revendication précédente, le support de la carte électrique étant un boîtier (2) de l'équipement électrique (1).  13. Electrical equipment according to the preceding claim, the support of the electrical card being a housing (2) of the electrical equipment (1).
EP19730833.1A 2018-06-27 2019-06-19 Radiofrequency transmission device comprising a fastening element forming a radiating portion of an antenna Pending EP3815184A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1855790A FR3083373B1 (en) 2018-06-27 2018-06-27 RADIOFREQUENCY TRANSMISSION DEVICE INCLUDING A FIXING ELEMENT FORMING A RADIANT PORTION OF AN ANTENNA
PCT/EP2019/066307 WO2020002114A1 (en) 2018-06-27 2019-06-19 Radiofrequency transmission device comprising a fastening element forming a radiating portion of an antenna

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EP3815184A1 true EP3815184A1 (en) 2021-05-05

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EP (1) EP3815184A1 (en)
CN (1) CN112385085A (en)
BR (1) BR112020026420A2 (en)
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WO (1) WO2020002114A1 (en)

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DE102019130860A1 (en) * 2019-11-15 2021-05-20 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Screwable vehicle antenna
CN216671912U (en) * 2021-12-08 2022-06-03 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Wifi antenna module and terminal equipment

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US4028709A (en) * 1975-09-10 1977-06-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The Field Operations Bureau Of The Federal Communications Commission Adjustable yagi antenna
US8531337B2 (en) * 2005-05-13 2013-09-10 Fractus, S.A. Antenna diversity system and slot antenna component
TWI321865B (en) * 2007-07-30 2010-03-11 Htc Corp Wireless communication apparatus
CN101499554A (en) * 2008-01-31 2009-08-05 广达电脑股份有限公司 Small size antenna
JP5853835B2 (en) * 2012-04-11 2016-02-09 株式会社デンソー Wireless equipment
US10355362B2 (en) * 2016-09-01 2019-07-16 Nxp Usa, Inc. Power amplifier system with integrated antenna

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WO2020002114A1 (en) 2020-01-02
FR3083373A1 (en) 2020-01-03
US11489260B2 (en) 2022-11-01
CN112385085A (en) 2021-02-19
FR3083373B1 (en) 2020-09-04
BR112020026420A2 (en) 2021-03-23
US20210288407A1 (en) 2021-09-16

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