EP3814541B1 - Procédé de fabrication de lingots en composé métallique à base de titane - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication de lingots en composé métallique à base de titane Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3814541B1
EP3814541B1 EP19744764.2A EP19744764A EP3814541B1 EP 3814541 B1 EP3814541 B1 EP 3814541B1 EP 19744764 A EP19744764 A EP 19744764A EP 3814541 B1 EP3814541 B1 EP 3814541B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
basin
raw material
fragments
liquid metal
preheating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19744764.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3814541A1 (fr
Inventor
Bruno Vitorino LOPES
Laurent Ferrer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
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Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
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Publication of EP3814541A1 publication Critical patent/EP3814541A1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the general field of the manufacture of metal compound ingots based on titanium, such as alloys or intermetallic compounds, in particular for the manufacture of parts for an aircraft.
  • a process for the production of titanium-based ingots is described, for example, in JP 2007 039807 A .
  • Titanium-based alloy, or titanium-based intermetallic compound, ingots are typically made by smelting raw material fragments in different basins, the liquid metal then being poured into a crucible to cool and solidify the metal to form the ingots.
  • Such a step of preheating the fragments of raw material makes it possible to improve the homogeneity of the metal in the basin, in particular by reducing the presence of unmelted particles in the basin.
  • such preheating makes it possible to reduce the thermal shock undergone by the raw materials during the melting step, thus reducing the gaseous releases of the raw materials.
  • These gas releases can cause reactions which are likely to create inclusions, these inclusions reducing the mechanical properties of the ingots.
  • the reactions caused by the gas releases can also produce elements which deposit at the level of the crucible, thus reducing the mechanical properties of the ingots.
  • the thermal shock of the raw materials promotes the projection of small solid particles of raw material which can fall further downstream in the basin and thus have a reduced time to dissolve, thus increasing the risk that unmelted particles are found in the crucible and reduce the mechanical properties of the ingots.
  • Such a preheating step is particularly advantageous for the manufacture of metal compound ingots based on titanium because these metal compounds have a high melting temperature (titanium having a melting point of 1668°C), the metal compounds based on titanium presenting a higher risk of the presence of unmelted metal particles during the formation of the ingot.
  • a system 1 for manufacturing an ingot 2 made of titanium-based metal compound comprises a conveyor 11 on which fragments of raw material 3 are conveyed.
  • the conveyor 11 can for example be formed by a vibrating table, a push cylinder, a treadmill, or an endless screw.
  • the fragments of raw material 3 can be master alloys, fragments of recycled materials, or virgin raw material of an alloy based on titanium or an intermetallic compound based on titanium.
  • the raw material fragments 3 can be formed by blocks of particles, such as chips, which are agglomerated and compacted using a press, these blocks having a length of between 20cm and 50cm for example.
  • metal compound based on titanium is understood here either a titanium-based alloy, that is to say an alloy in which titanium is the main constituent, or an intermetallic compound based on titanium, that is say an intermetallic compound of which titanium is the main constituent.
  • An alloy is a combination of different metals while an intermetallic compound is a combination of at least one metal with at least one metalloid.
  • the metal compound can for example be an alloy from the following alloys: Ti17, TiBeta16, Ti21S, Ti6242, and Ti6246; or alternatively an intermetallic compound from the following intermetallic compounds: TiAl 48-2-2, and TiNMB1.
  • the examples given are not limiting, other alloys or intermetallic compounds based on titanium can be used.
  • the system 1 comprises at least one basin in which the fragments of raw material 3 are melted.
  • the system 1 comprises a first basin 12 and a second basin 13 located downstream of said first basin 12.
  • the number of basins can however be greater, the system 1 thus being able to comprise three or four basins for example, or else less important, the system 1 thus being able to comprise a single basin.
  • the first basin 12 and the second basin 13 collect liquid metal 4 obtained by melting the fragments of raw material 3.
  • the first basin 12 and the second basin 13 are formed on the one hand by a wall which receives the liquid metal 4, said wall being for example made of copper, and on the other hand by a cooling device which makes it possible to maintain the wall at a temperature lower than its deterioration temperature, said cooling device being typically produced by a circulation circuit of a cooling liquid.
  • the raw material fragments 3 are melted in the first basin 12, then the liquid metal 4 obtained by melting said raw material fragments 3 is transferred to the second basin 13.
  • the fusion of the fragments of raw material 3 is carried out by heating means 14 which are located opposite the first basin 12 and the second basin 13.
  • the heating means 14 can for example be formed by plasma torches, electron guns, electric arc generators, laser generators, or induction heating means.
  • the heating means 14 are configured to keep the liquid metal 4 molten in the first and second basins 12 and 13 in order to place the liquid metal 4 in the desired metallurgical state.
  • the atmosphere in which the first basin 12 and the second basin 13 are located can be controlled. So that the liquid metal 4 does not react with the atmosphere, the controlled atmosphere can for example be produced by a vacuum atmosphere or else by an atmosphere of inert gas under a controlled pressure. According to another possible variant, the controlled atmosphere is formed by a specific gas under a controlled pressure, said specific gas being adapted to react with the liquid metal 4 in order to load said liquid metal 4, and thus the metal compound of the ingot 2, with said specific gas.
  • the first basin 12 and the second basin 13 can also be exposed to an uncontrolled atmosphere.
  • the system 1 comprises a crucible 15 into which the liquid metal 4 from the second basin 13 is poured in order to cool said liquid metal 4, solidify it and thus form a solid metal advancing front 5 which is shaped in order to form the ingot 2 by semi-continuous casting.
  • said crucible 15 comprises a cooling circuit which cools the walls of said crucible 15.
  • the walls of the crucible 15, which are cooled by the cooling circuit, are made in one material with high thermal conductivity, for example copper or copper alloy.
  • the heating means 14 are also located opposite the crucible 15 and are configured to keep the liquid metal 4 molten in the upper part of the crucible 15.
  • the liquid metal 4 is transferred from the first basin 12 to the second basin 13, and from the second basin 13 to the crucible 15 by overflow.
  • the second basin 13 is fed by liquid metal 4 overflowing from the first basin 12 towards said second basin
  • the crucible 15 is fed by liquid metal 4 overflowing from the second basin 13 towards said crucible 15.
  • the system 1 comprises a preheating device 16 which is located opposite the conveyor 11 and which is configured to preheat the fragments of raw material 3 before said fragments of raw material 3 are melted in the first basin 12.
  • the preheating device 16 is configured to heat the raw material fragments 3 to a preheating temperature which is greater than or equal to 75% of the liquidus temperature of said fragments of raw material 3, and which is strictly lower than the liquidus temperature of said fragments of raw material 3.
  • Such a preheating temperature makes it possible to reduce the temperature gradient at the inlet of the first basin 12. This makes it possible to facilitate the melting of the fragments of raw material 3, which reduces the presence of unmelted metal particles in the first and second basins 12 and 13, thus limiting the risk of these unmelted metal particles reaching the crucible 15.
  • the preheating according to the invention makes it possible in particular to reduce the presence of small-sized unmelted metal particles thanks to the facilitation of the fusion of these particles, the small-sized particles being the most likely not to fall to the bottom of the first and second basins 12 and 13 and therefore to be poured with the liquid metal 4 into the crucible 15.
  • such a preheating temperature makes it possible to reduce the thermal shock undergone by the fragments of raw material 3 when they arrive in the first basin 12.
  • the reduction of the thermal shock makes it possible to reduce the gas releases, thus limiting the reactions caused by these gas releases which are likely to produce unwanted elements in the metallic compound degrading the mechanical properties of the ingot.
  • the preheating temperature is greater than or equal to the solidus temperature of the metal compound, which makes it possible to further accelerate the dissolution of the particles of solid metal in the first and second basins 12 and 13, and makes it possible to reduce thermal shock.
  • the preheating temperature is always strictly lower than the liquidus temperature of the alloy.
  • the raw material fragments 3 are partially melted because they are at a temperature above the solidus temperature but strictly below the liquidus temperature of the metal compound.
  • the preheating temperature is greater than or equal to 93% of the liquidus temperature of the alloy, making it possible to further accelerate the dissolution of the particles of solid metal, and to further reduce the temperature difference. suffered by the fragments of raw material 3.
  • the temperature preheating is strictly lower than the liquidus temperature of the alloy.
  • the invention is particularly advantageous for metal compounds based on titanium which comprise elements having a melting temperature higher than the melting temperature of titanium, such as for example molybdenum, vanadium, or tantalum.
  • the elements present in the metallic compound which have a melting temperature higher than the melting temperature of titanium, such as molybdenum, vanadium and tantalum, are elements which tend to form unmelted particles in the liquid metal 4 which can reach the crucible 15.
  • the preheater 16 comprises an induction preheater 16a.
  • the induction preheater 16a may be formed by a solenoid as shown in Fig. figure 2 , or by an induction plate parallel to the conveyor 11.
  • the induction preheating device 16a is configured to ensure a levitation of said fragments of raw material 3 above the conveyor 11.
  • the configuration of the induction preheating device 16a to ensure the gradual rise in temperature and the levitation of the fragments of raw material is carried out by adapting the intensity and the frequency of the electric current passing through said induction preheating device 16a.
  • the preheating device 16 comprises a generator 16b of a heating beam F, such as for example a light source, an electron beam generator, a plasma torch, or even a laser generator.
  • a generator 16b of a heating beam F such as for example a light source, an electron beam generator, a plasma torch, or even a laser generator.
  • the preheating device comprises an image acquisition device 16c, such as for example a camera, and an image analysis device 16d, such as a processor and a memory on which is recorded a image processing program.
  • the image acquisition device 16c is configured to acquire images of the preheating of the fragments of raw material 3 by the generator 16b of the heating beam F.
  • the image acquisition device 16c is also configured to transmit the acquired images to the image analysis device 16d.
  • the image analysis device 16d is itself configured to analyze the images transmitted by the image acquisition device 16c and to control the orientation of the generator 16b of the heating beam F by verifying that the heating beam F is indeed directed towards the fragments of raw material 3, and not directed next to said fragments of raw material 3, directly towards the conveyor 11.
  • said image analysis device 16d When the image analysis device 16d detects that the heating beam F is not directed correctly, said image analysis device 16d can emit an alert so that an operator or an automaton corrects the orientation of the generator 16b of the heating beam F.
  • the image analysis device 16d can also be configured to control the orientation of the generator 16b of the heating beam F so that when said image analysis device 16d detects that the heating beam F n is not directed correctly, said image analysis device 16d automatically corrects the orientation of said generator 16b of the heating beam F.
  • the system 1 for manufacturing the ingot 2 of titanium-based metal compound is configured to implement the manufacturing process illustrated in the figure 4 .
  • the process for manufacturing the ingot 2 of titanium-based metal compound may comprise a step of controlling the orientation of the beam heater F performed during the preheating step E2 of the fragments of raw material 3. This step of controlling the orientation of the heating beam F is performed by the image analysis device 16d from the images acquired by the device d 16c image acquisition.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
EP19744764.2A 2018-06-26 2019-06-24 Procédé de fabrication de lingots en composé métallique à base de titane Active EP3814541B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1855713A FR3082853B1 (fr) 2018-06-26 2018-06-26 Procede de fabrication de lingots en compose metallique a base de titane
PCT/FR2019/051541 WO2020002811A1 (fr) 2018-06-26 2019-06-24 Procede de fabrication de lingots en compose metallique a base de titane

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3814541A1 EP3814541A1 (fr) 2021-05-05
EP3814541B1 true EP3814541B1 (fr) 2022-10-19

Family

ID=64049330

Family Applications (1)

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EP19744764.2A Active EP3814541B1 (fr) 2018-06-26 2019-06-24 Procédé de fabrication de lingots en composé métallique à base de titane

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US11512369B2 (ja)
EP (1) EP3814541B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP7379394B2 (ja)
CN (1) CN112368406B (ja)
BR (1) BR112020026376B1 (ja)
CA (1) CA3104572A1 (ja)
FR (1) FR3082853B1 (ja)
WO (1) WO2020002811A1 (ja)

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US4823358A (en) * 1988-07-28 1989-04-18 501 Axel Johnson Metals, Inc. High capacity electron beam cold hearth furnace
JPH0536299U (ja) * 1991-03-09 1993-05-18 新日本電気産業株式会社 傾斜型アルミ合金溶解装置
RU2089633C1 (ru) 1992-02-24 1997-09-10 Верхнесалдинское металлургическое производственное объединение им.В.И.Ленина Устройство для плавления и литья металлов и сплавов
RU2087563C1 (ru) 1995-09-13 1997-08-20 Владлен Александрович Чернов Способ электронно-лучевого переплава кускового металлического материала и устройство для его осуществления
US7381366B2 (en) 2003-12-31 2008-06-03 General Electric Company Apparatus for the production or refining of metals, and related processes
RU45734U1 (ru) 2004-07-19 2005-05-27 Александр Алексеевич Тур Установка для получения товарного слитка сплава
DE602006016070D1 (de) 2005-01-25 2010-09-23 Toho Titanium Co Ltd Vorrichtung zum schmelzen von metall mittels elektronenstrahlen und verfahren zur herstellung hochschmelzender metallgussblöcke mit dieser vorrichtung
RU2311469C2 (ru) 2005-06-30 2007-11-27 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью Фирма "ДАТА-ЦЕНТР" (ООО Фирма "ДАТА-ЦЕНТР") Способ производства титаносодержащей продукции и устройство для осуществления способа
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP7379394B2 (ja) 2023-11-14
CN112368406A (zh) 2021-02-12
JP2021529260A (ja) 2021-10-28
FR3082853B1 (fr) 2020-09-04
CN112368406B (zh) 2021-12-24
FR3082853A1 (fr) 2019-12-27
US11512369B2 (en) 2022-11-29
US20210262061A1 (en) 2021-08-26
CA3104572A1 (fr) 2020-01-02
WO2020002811A1 (fr) 2020-01-02
EP3814541A1 (fr) 2021-05-05
BR112020026376A2 (pt) 2021-03-23
BR112020026376B1 (pt) 2023-10-10

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