Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
  • H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
  • H02H1/0038—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning the connection of the detecting means, e.g. for reducing their number
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
  • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
  • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
  • H02H3/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current additionally responsive to some other abnormal electrical conditions
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
  • H01H85/02—Details
  • H01H85/0241—Structural association of a fuse and another component or apparatus
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
  • H01H85/02—Details
  • H01H85/46—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the protective device
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
  • H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
  • H02H1/0007—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning the detecting means
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
  • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
  • H02H3/02—Details
  • H02H3/021—Details concerning the disconnection itself, e.g. at a particular instant, particularly at zero value of current, disconnection in a predetermined order
  • H02H3/023—Details concerning the disconnection itself, e.g. at a particular instant, particularly at zero value of current, disconnection in a predetermined order by short-circuiting
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
  • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
  • H02H3/02—Details
  • H02H3/027—Details with automatic disconnection after a predetermined time
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
  • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
  • H02H3/02—Details
  • H02H3/033—Details with several disconnections in a preferential order, e.g. following priority of the users, load repartition
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
  • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
  • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
  • H02H3/087—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for dc applications
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
  • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
  • H02H3/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage
  • H02H3/202—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage for dc systems
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
  • H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
  • H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
  • H02H5/041—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature additionally responsive to excess current
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
  • H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
  • H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
  • H02H5/046—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature using a thermocouple
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
  • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
  • H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
  • H02H9/041—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage using a short-circuiting device

Definitions

• the present disclosure relates to a protective device for the overcurrent and overvoltage-protected transmission of electrical energy from a voltage connection to an electrical consumer.
• Protective devices for limiting a current, a voltage and / or a power are usually used in isolating amplifiers in order to protect downstream electrical components from current, voltages and / or powers above a respectively predetermined limit value. Accordingly, the maximum rated data of electrical components which are connected downstream of the protective device can advantageously be reduced. With the protective device, an electrical consumer can also be safely disconnected from the voltage connection in order to meet explosion protection requirements.
• the protective device typically has an overcurrent protection and an overvoltage protection connected downstream of the overcurrent protection.
• the overvoltage protection can short-circuit the voltage when a voltage limit value is reached, so that a short-circuit current flows through the overcurrent fuse, which can subsequently trigger when a current limit value is reached in order to interrupt the current flow.
• a protective device which, in addition to a first overcurrent and overvoltage protection, has an additional, second overcurrent and / or overvoltage protection.
• a first fuse can be connected downstream of a second fuse, which trips at a lower rated current than the first fuse.
• the first overvoltage protection and the additional overcurrent protection can be a clamping circuit, which can be triggered by two separate voltage limit switches, in particular differently dimensioned Z diodes.
• the disclosure relates to a protective device for the overcurrent and overvoltage-protected transmission of electrical energy from a voltage connection to an electrical consumer, the supply connection having two poles.
• the protective device comprises a first fuse circuit, which is designed to prevent the line current from flowing when the line current from the voltage connection to the electrical consumer reaches a first current limit value.
• the protective device comprises an overvoltage protection circuit which is connected downstream of the first fuse circuit and is connected upstream of the electrical consumer.
• the overvoltage protection circuit is designed to connect the poles of the voltage connection in an electrically conductive manner when a first voltage limit value of a voltage at the first fuse circuit is reached, in particular to connect or short-circuit it in order to force a line current which triggers the first current limit value to trigger the first fuse circuit.
• the protective device comprises a second fuse circuit, which is connected downstream of the overvoltage protection circuit and upstream of the electrical consumer.
• the second fuse circuit is designed to control the overvoltage protection circuit when a second voltage limit value of a voltage at the second fuse circuit is reached in order to electrically conductively connect the poles of the voltage connection.
• the second voltage limit can be determined as a function of a nominal voltage of the electrical consumer.
• the second voltage limit can depend on a nominal power consumption and / or a nominal current consumption of the consumer.
• the respective voltage at the respective fuse circuit can be tapped at a node of the respective fuse circuit to which the respective consumer is electrically connected.
• the voltage connection of the protective device can in particular be formed by a circuit which is supplied with electrical energy from an energy supply network and is connected upstream of the first fuse circuit and supplies it with electrical energy.
• This intermediate stage can be, for example, a switching power supply and / or a voltage converter.
• the second current limit can be less than the first current limit.
• electrical consumers connected downstream of the second fuse circuit can have lower current limit values and can be produced correspondingly more cost-effectively and / or less.
• a voltage transformer can be arranged between the first fuse circuit and the second fuse circuit, which is designed to increase or decrease the voltage of the voltage connection.
• the voltage transformer can, for example, be designed to reduce a voltage from 24 V to 5 V.
• Electrical consumers connected downstream of the second fuse circuit can be designed for a higher current intensity than the first fuse circuit, so that the second current intensity limit value can be greater than the first current intensity limit value.
• the second voltage limit can be smaller or larger than the first voltage limit.
• the second fuse circuit can trigger the overvoltage protection circuit in the event of a malfunction, in particular an overvoltage of a switching stage which is connected upstream of the second fuse circuit.
• the protective device can be a combination of an overcurrent fuse and a clamping circuit (crowbar), with which an electrical consumer prevents the flow of an electric current with a current above a current permissible for the electrical consumer and / or the application of a voltage above one for the consumer permissible voltage can be secured.
• a clamping circuit (crowbar)
• the protective device can be arranged, for example, in a signal input of an isolation amplifier in order to be able to reduce the maximum rated data of downstream electrical components. Furthermore, the protective device can form an explosion protection in order to enable operation of the downstream electrical components in an explosive environment and / or atmospheres.
• the protective device can be connected downstream of an energy feed of an electrical consumer in order to be able to expect predetermined current, voltage and / or power values after the protective device.
• electronic circuits connected downstream of the protective device can have smaller clearances and / or creepage distances, since a reduced voltage level can be expected.
• the advantage can be achieved in particular that the clearances and creepage distances can be significantly reduced compared to a single-stage fuse arrangement, since the voltages to be expected can be lower.
• the second fuse circuit can be designed as a chip fuse, which has reduced component dimensions compared to the first fuse circuit. Furthermore, electrical components which are connected downstream of the second fuse circuit can have reduced component dimensions and / or reduced performance data compared to an arrangement after the first fuse circuit.
• the overvoltage protection circuit is designed to remove the electrically conductive connection between the poles of the voltage connection when the current below the minimum current level flows through the overvoltage protection circuit. This achieves the advantage that the overvoltage device can be returned to an initial state in which the overvoltage device can be triggered.
• the voltage connection can be short-circuited with the electrically conductive connection between the poles of the voltage connection, so that a voltage of the voltage connection is reduced, in particular is almost 0 V, and a short-circuit current flows through the first fuse circuit and the overvoltage protection circuit can. If the voltage falls below the minimum current, the poles of the voltage connection can be electrically isolated from one another and / or isolated.
• the second fuse circuit is designed to prevent the line current from flowing when the line current reaches a second current limit, the second current limit being dependent on the electrical load.
• the second fuse circuit has a plurality of voltage limit switches, each of which is connected upstream of an electrical load, and the respective voltage limit switch is designed so that when a voltage limit value of a voltage at the respective voltage limit switch dependent on the respective downstream electrical load is reached, the poles of the voltage connection to connect electrically conductive.
• the overvoltage protection circuits can each be formed by a zener diode.
• a connection for connecting a circuit can be connected downstream of each zener diode.
• the respective zener diode can be designed to become electrically conductive at a predetermined voltage and to switch the semiconductor switch, in particular a thyristor, accordingly.
• the respective predetermined voltage can depend on the permissible voltage of the respective circuit.
• Each Zener diode can therefore have a different voltage limit value in relation to the other Zener diodes, at which the Zener diode becomes electrically conductive.
• the Zener diodes can in particular be cascaded upstream of a plurality of electrical consumers arranged in series, the voltage limit values not necessarily becoming smaller, but also being able to be larger for downstream electrical consumers.
• the overvoltage protection circuit comprises a semiconductor switch which is electrically connected in parallel to the poles of the voltage connection and has a control input, the semiconductor switch being designed to conductively connect the poles of the voltage connection to a control signal applied to the control input and if the minimum current value falls below the minimum by means of the line current to cancel the electrically conductive connection between the poles of the voltage connection.
• the semiconductor switch can have a switch input and a switch output, the switch input being connected to a first pole of the voltage connection via the first fuse circuit and the switch output being connected to a second pole of the voltage connection.
• the semiconductor switch can switch from a first switching state, in which the semiconductor switch electrically isolates the poles of the voltage connection or with high resistance, to a second switching state, in which the poles of the voltage connection are electrically connected with one another, in particular with a low resistance.
• the overvoltage protection circuit can furthermore have a current sensor which is designed to detect the current intensity of a current flowing through the semiconductor switch in order to switch the semiconductor switch.
• the semiconductor switch is formed by a thyristor or a transistor.
• the thyristor can achieve the advantage, for example, that the poles of the voltage connection are automatically electrically insulated when the minimum current value falls below.
• the thyristor can be a switchable component, which is non-conductive in the initial state and can be switched on by a current at the control input, in particular at a gate electrode. After switching on, the thyristor can also be conductive at the control input without current. The thyristor can switch off when the current falls below a minimum current value, for example a holding current.
• the semiconductor switch can be exceeded when a
• Switch voltage limit value in particular without applying a control signal to the control input, from the first switching state to the second switching state.
• a thyristor can, for example, ignite overhead when a zero break voltage of the thyristor is reached.
• the transistor can have the advantage that switching from the first switching state to the second switching state and vice versa can take place manually at any time.
• the overvoltage protection circuit has one
• Fuse circuit is connected downstream and is connected to the control input of the semiconductor switch via the switch output, and the voltage limit switch is designed to provide the control signal at the switch output when the first voltage limit value is reached by the voltage at the first fuse circuit.
• the voltage limit switch can switch from a non-conductive state to a conductive state in order to connect the control input to the first pole of the voltage connection via the first fuse circuit.
• the voltage limit switch can also be connected to the second pole of the voltage connection, in particular via a resistor. With this electrical connection, a current can flow through the
• Voltage limit switches flow, which can form the control signal for switching the semiconductor switch.
• the voltage limit switch is formed by a Zener diode and / or by a unipolar overvoltage protection.
• the Z-diode can switch from a blocking state to a conductive state when the first voltage limit value is reached, the Z-diode switching back from the conductive state to the blocking state when the voltage falls below the voltage limit value.
• the unipolar overvoltage protection can, for example, be a suppressor diode with which a current pulse can be conducted past the electrical consumer.
• a voltage above the breakdown voltage of the suppressor diode which could damage the electrical consumer, can be prevented at the electrical consumer.
• the electrical effect of the voltage limit switch with a low leakage current and a low capacitance can be electrically neutral with respect to the electrical consumer.
• the current of the pulse is led past the electrical consumer by parallel connection.
• the Zener diode can be replaced by any voltage limit circuit.
• the overvoltage protection circuit comprises a resistor which is connected downstream of the switch output of the voltage limit switch and which is electrically parallel to the poles of the with the voltage limit switch Voltage connection is arranged, and wherein the control input is connected to the switch output of the voltage limit switch and the resistor, and wherein the resistor is designed to provide a control signal, in particular in the form of part of the voltage at the voltage connection, when the voltage limit switch is switched at the control input. to switch the semiconductor switch.
• the voltage limit switch in particular the Z diode
• switches on reaching the first voltage limit in the case of the Z diode when the Zener voltage is reached, the voltage limit switch can change from a high-resistance state to a low-resistance state.
• the voltage limit switch in the low-resistance state has a lower ohmic resistance than the downstream resistor. Accordingly, the voltage of the voltage connection drops almost completely across the resistor, so that the voltage at the control input can change.
• the semiconductor switch can switch, which can have a lower ohmic resistance than the series circuit consisting of the voltage limit switch and the resistor, so that an electrical current with the switching of the semiconductor switch mainly through the semiconductor switch and only to a lesser extent via the voltage limit switch and the Resistance can flow.
• the first fuse circuit and the second fuse circuit each have an overcurrent protection fuse, in particular a fuse and / or a circuit breaker, the overcurrent protection fuse being designed so that when the first current limit value or the second current limit value is reached, the electrical connection between the voltage connection and the electrical consumer to separate or to separate after a predetermined time interval after reaching the first current limit value or the second current limit value.
• an overcurrent protection fuse in particular a fuse and / or a circuit breaker
• the predetermined time interval can be determined by a triggering delay of the respective fuse, in which a wire element of the fuse is heated and melted by the current flow.
• the release delay of the Overcurrent protection fuse in the first protection circuit can be greater than the tripping delay of the overcurrent protection fuse in the second protection circuit.
• the first overcurrent protection fuse is used for the subsequent disconnection of the electrical connection between the voltage connection and the electrical consumer after the semiconductor switch has switched. A line current with a current above the first current limit, which triggers the first overcurrent protection fuse, flows via the semiconductor switch and thus not to the electrical consumer.
• the second overcurrent protection fuse can protect the electrical consumer from a line current with a current intensity that could damage the electrical consumer.
• the second overcurrent protection fuse can therefore trip faster and at a lower current than the first overcurrent protection fuse.
• the second fuse circuit has a further voltage limit switch, which is connected or connected upstream of the further switch input of the overcurrent protection fuse, and wherein the further switch output is connected to the control input, and the further voltage limit switch is designed when the second voltage limit value is reached by a Voltage, which is present at the second fuse circuit, to provide a control signal for triggering the overvoltage protection circuit at the further switch output.
• the further switch output is followed by a resistor, via which the further voltage limit switch can be connected to a pole of the voltage connection.
• the voltage limit switch and the further voltage limit switch can both advantageously be connected upstream of the same resistor.
• the overvoltage protection circuit is designed when the overvoltage protection circuit is triggered by means of the further
• Voltage limit switch prevent an increase in a voltage that is present at the electrical consumer (103) above the second voltage limit value of the further voltage limit switch (127). Furthermore, a flow of a line current, in particular above the second current limit value, through the second fuse circuit to the electrical consumer can be prevented. By triggering the overvoltage protection circuit by means of the further voltage limit switch, the poles of the voltage connection can be short-circuited by the switched semiconductor switch in order to prevent current flow to the electrical consumer.
• the first protection circuit and / or the second protection circuit are designed to interrupt an electrical connection between the voltage connection and the electrical consumer when a short-circuit current flows through the overvoltage protection circuit, in order to ensure that the line current flows at a current strength above the first current limit value and / or prevent above the second current limit value to the electrical consumer.
• the electrical connection can be interrupted by means of a blocking semiconductor element, a mechanical switching contact or by means of a defined melting of the overcurrent protection fuse. Accordingly, disconnection of the electrical connection can be carried out reversibly or, in the case of defined melting, can be carried out irreversibly.
• manual intervention may be necessary in order to put the circuit back into operation. For example, it may be necessary to replace one of the overcurrent protection fuses and / or to correct the cause of the overvoltage or overcurrent.
• the first fuse circuit and / or the second fuse circuit are designed to detect a component and / or ambient temperature and to trigger the overvoltage protection circuit when the component and / or ambient temperature reaches a temperature limit and / or to cause a current to flow from the voltage connection to the electrical consumer prevention. This has the advantage that the electrical consumer can be protected against thermal loads.
• the second fuse circuit is designed to provide the electrical consumer with a reduced maximum electrical power compared to the combination consisting of the first fuse circuit and the overvoltage protection circuit by limiting the line current to the second current limit and limiting the voltage of the voltage connection to the second voltage limit.
• the first fuse circuit and / or the overvoltage protection circuit is followed by a power pack, the power pack being connected upstream of the second fuse circuit and designed to provide the second fuse circuit with a voltage which is increased or decreased compared to the voltage of the voltage connection.
• FIG. 1 shows a protective device in one embodiment
• Fig. 3 shows a protective device in one embodiment.
• the protective device 100 comprises a first fuse circuit 105, which is designed to prevent the line current from flowing when the line current from the voltage connection 101 to the electrical load 103 reaches a first current limit value.
• the protective device 100 further comprises an overvoltage protection circuit 107, which is connected downstream of the first fuse circuit 105 and is connected upstream of the electrical consumer 103.
• the overvoltage protection circuit 107 is designed when a first voltage limit value of a voltage at the first fuse circuit 105 is reached, to connect the poles of the voltage connection 101 in an electrically conductive manner in order to force a line current to trigger the first fuse circuit 105, which current reaches the first current limit value.
• the protection device 100 further comprises a second fuse circuit 109, which is connected downstream of the overvoltage protection circuit 107 and is connected upstream of the electrical load 103.
• the second fuse circuit 109 is designed to prevent the line current from flowing when the line current reaches a second current limit value.
• the second fuse circuit 109 is further configured to electrically conductively connect the poles of the voltage connection 101 when a second voltage limit value of a voltage which is present at the second fuse circuit 109 is reached, the second current limit value and the second voltage limit value depending on a nominal voltage and a nominal current intensity of the electrical consumer 103 are determined.
• the overvoltage protection circuit 107 comprises a thyristor 1 1 1, in particular a thyristor, which is electrically connected in parallel to the poles of the voltage connection 101 and has a control input 1 13.
• the semiconductor switch 1 1 1 is designed to connect the poles of the voltage connection 101 in an electrically conductive manner with a control signal applied to the control input 1 13 and to break the electrically conductive connection between the poles of the voltage connection 101 when the line current falls below the minimum current value.
• the overvoltage device 107 comprises a voltage limit switch 1 15, in particular a Z diode with a switch input 11 and a
• the voltage limit switch 1 15 is connected via the switch input 1 17 to the first fuse circuit 105 and via the
• Switch output 1 19 connected to the control input 1 13 of the semiconductor switch 1 1 1. Furthermore, the voltage limit switch 1 15 is designed to provide the control signal at the switch output 1 19 when the first voltage limit value is reached by the voltage at the first fuse circuit 105.
• the overvoltage protection circuit 107 further comprises a resistor 121, which is connected downstream of the switch output 1 19 of the voltage limit switch 1 15 and with the voltage limit switch 1 15 electrically in parallel with the poles of the Voltage terminal 101 is arranged.
• the control input 1 13 is connected to the switch output 1 19 of the voltage limit switch 1 15 and the resistor 121, the resistor 121 being designed to apply a control signal, in particular in the form of part of the voltage, to the control input 1 13 when the voltage limit switch 1 15 is switched the voltage terminal 101 to provide to switch the semiconductor switch 1 1 1.
• the first fuse circuit 105 and the second fuse circuit 109 each have an overcurrent protection fuse 123, 125, in particular a fuse.
• the overcurrent protection device 123 is designed to disconnect the electrical connection between the voltage connection 101 and the electrical consumer 103 when the first current limit value is reached, or to disconnect it after a predetermined time interval after the first current limit value has been reached.
• the overcurrent protection fuse 125 is designed to disconnect the electrical connection between the voltage connection 101 and the electrical consumer 103 when the second current limit value is reached or to disconnect it after a predetermined time interval after the first current limit value or the second current limit value has been reached.
• the second fuse circuit 109 has a further voltage limit switch 127 with a further switch input 129 and a further switch output 131, which is connected downstream of the overcurrent protection fuse 125 with the further switch input 129.
• overcurrent protection fuse 125 is connected upstream of further voltage limit switch 131, or second fuse circuit 109 does not include overcurrent protection fuse 125.
• the further switch output 131 is connected to the control input 1 13, and the further voltage limit switch 127 is designed, when the second voltage limit value is reached by a voltage at the further voltage limit switch 127, to provide a control signal for triggering the overvoltage protection circuit 107 at the further switch output 131, the second voltage limit value is determined as a function of a nominal voltage of the electrical consumer 103.
• the further switch output 131 is connected to the control signal input 1 13, the switch output 1 19 and the resistor 121. Accordingly, the trigger further voltage limit switch 127 similar to the voltage limit switch 1 15 the semiconductor switch 1 1 1. When switching the voltage limit switch 1 15 or the further voltage limit switch 127, part of a voltage of the voltage connection 101 at the resistor 121 can drop. This voltage can be present as a control signal at the control input 1 13 of the semiconductor switch 1 1 1. Before the semiconductor switch 1 1 1 is switched, a current can flow via the further voltage limit switch 127 and the resistor 121.
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of the protective device 100 for the overcurrent and overvoltage-protected transmission of electrical energy from a voltage connection 101 to an electrical consumer 103, the supply connection 101 having two poles.
• the protective device 100 comprises a first fuse circuit 105, which is designed to prevent the line current from flowing when the line current reaches a first current limit value from the voltage connection 101 to the electrical load 103.
• the protective device 100 further comprises an overvoltage protection circuit 107, which is connected downstream of the first fuse circuit 105 and is connected upstream of the electrical consumer 103.
• the overvoltage protection circuit 107 is designed to electrically conductively connect the poles of the voltage connection 101 when a first voltage limit value of a voltage at the first fuse circuit 105 is reached, in order to force a line current to trigger the first fuse circuit 105, which current reaches the first current limit value.
• the protection device 100 further comprises a second fuse circuit 109, which is connected downstream of the overvoltage protection circuit 107 and is connected upstream of the electrical load 103.
• the second fuse circuit 109 is designed to prevent the line current from flowing when the line current reaches a second current limit value.
• the second fuse circuit 109 is further configured to electrically conductively connect the poles of the voltage connection 101 when a second voltage limit value of a voltage which is present at the second fuse circuit 109 is reached, the second current limit value and the second voltage limit value each being dependent on a nominal voltage or one Nominal current of the electrical consumer 103 are determined.
• the second fuse circuit 109 has a further voltage limit switch 127 with a further switch input 129 and a further switch output 131 which is connected upstream of the overcurrent protection fuse 125 with the further switch input 129.
• the second fuse circuit 109 comprises a plurality of voltage limit switches 127, 301, each of which is connected upstream of an electrical load 103, and the respective voltage limit switch 127, 301 is designed when one of the two is reached downstream electrical consumer 103 dependent voltage limit of a voltage at the respective voltage limit switch 127, 301 to connect the poles of the voltage connection in an electrically conductive manner.

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• Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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Family Applications (1)

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• 2018
  • 2018-06-13 BE BE20185391A patent/BE1026372B1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2019
  • 2019-05-22 WO PCT/EP2019/063234 patent/WO2019238369A1/de unknown
  • 2019-05-22 JP JP2020567580A patent/JP7264920B2/ja active Active
  • 2019-05-22 EP EP19724863.6A patent/EP3807967A1/de active Pending
  • 2019-05-22 CN CN201980036912.5A patent/CN112602244B/zh active Active
  • 2019-05-22 US US16/973,089 patent/US11289895B2/en active Active

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