EP3794417A1 - Verfahren zur ermittlung der konturtreue einer kinematischen baugruppe - Google Patents
Verfahren zur ermittlung der konturtreue einer kinematischen baugruppeInfo
- Publication number
- EP3794417A1 EP3794417A1 EP19724436.1A EP19724436A EP3794417A1 EP 3794417 A1 EP3794417 A1 EP 3794417A1 EP 19724436 A EP19724436 A EP 19724436A EP 3794417 A1 EP3794417 A1 EP 3794417A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contour
- kinematic assembly
- individual images
- determined
- end effector
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Program-control systems
- G05B19/02—Program-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of program data in numerical form
- G05B19/406—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of program data in numerical form characterised by monitoring or safety
- G05B19/4069—Simulating machining process on screen
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/35—Nc in input of data, input till input file format
- G05B2219/35349—Display part, programmed locus and tool path, traject, dynamic locus
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/35—Nc in input of data, input till input file format
- G05B2219/35353—While machining compare real path with simulated, command path, contour display
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for determining the contour accuracy of a kinematic assembly. Furthermore, the invention relates to a detection device, which can be arranged on a kinematic assembly, in particular mountable, is.
- Object of the present invention is to provide a method, a device with which the contour accuracy of a kinematic assembly also detected during operation of the kinematic assembly and determines who can
- This object is achieved according to the invention by a method for determining the contour accuracy of a kinematic assembly with the following steps: a. Moving an end effector associated with a Tool Center Point ⁇ TCP), a kinematic assembly along a specified solontic contour,
- a kinematic assembly for example, machine tools and / or industrial robots can be understood. These are often made up of several axles arranged one behind the other, from which Each of them can have its own drive and its own control, regulation and measuring system.
- a kinematic subassembly can comprise a kinematic chain of links with rotational and / or translational joints, which makes it possible to perform a predetermined movement for the individual axes in cooperation with drive and mechanical transmission elements.
- a kinematic chain may comprise an assembly which is responsible only for the drive in a movement axis, and a second construction 1 0 group with a different axis of movement sets in motion. It can connect more modules until the desired overall movement is achieved.
- a kinematic subassembly within the meaning of the invention can therefore be an is subassembly which has at least two axes with associated drives which can move an end effector in the plane or in space by means of downstream or superimposed movement.
- a kinematic subassembly can also draw a parallel kinematics in which parallel motion axes are present.
- a (parallel) rod kinematics works by changing the distances of points of a moving object (tool) to front Finished fixed points in the room.
- the spatial position and position of a moving object is not described by a vector-based coordinate system, but by the distances between object-space-point pairs.
- Accurate positioning is achieved via the change in length of a plurality of telescopic arms, which are all anchored at one end in a mutually immovable position and at the other end with the object to be positioned, in particular the end effector.
- An end effector may be the last element of a kinematic chain or kinematic assembly. This may be, for example, a unit for welding or a gripper. In particular, the end effector may be a tool for workpiece machining.
- the Tool Center Point is the tool working point.
- a contour can be applied to a workpiece.
- the desired contour on the workpiece can be torn, engraved, cut or welded.
- the nominal contour should be suitable for this purpose and clearly visible in the camera image.
- a laser-engraved in a workpiece target contour has resulted.
- the nominal contour can be added to the kinematic assembly. (the term is "teaching"), which can be done online or offline.
- the following parameters may be determined: average track spacing, mean track swept area, mean track orientation deviation, center track orientation sweep, mean track radius difference when traveling circular paths, mean corner errors, and / or mean overshoot errors.
- data can be ascertained which, for B. according to VDI 2861 can be evaluated.
- the overall image and / or a film is displayed from at least some individual images.
- the nominal contour and the markings can be displayed.
- the overall picture can be created by matching and connecting each frame with its neighboring pictures. If the individual images are displayed as a movie, it can be slowed down, ie played in slow motion. This makes it possible to record a "slow motion" analysis of the path traveled by the kinematic module in comparison to the target contour, so that the movement can be clearly visualized.
- an actual contour can be created or the markings can represent an actual contour and the actual contour can be compared with the nominal contour.
- a deviation of the actual contour from the nominal contour can be determined, in particular by determining a number of pixels between the nominal contour and the actual contour and a pixel pitch at one or more locations.
- the contour accuracy can be determined at any point.
- the contour fidelity at any point can z.
- B. be the number of pixels between the desired contour and the actual contour.
- a pixel pitch is understood as a distance per pixel. For example, a pixel pitch may be seven microns per pixel.
- the evaluation of contoured eggs can be done automatically, for example by way of image processing, or with the naked eye.
- contour fidelity in "full speed.” Furthermore, it is suitable to determine the contour accuracy at random contours, not only on standard contours, but in particular on free-form geometries
- the method according to the invention provides images and films of the nominal contour and the actual contour
- the information on the contour accuracy can be supplemented by tool information, such as the cutter radius or beam diameter, for example
- tool information such as the cutter radius or beam diameter, for example
- the overall image with the markings can be at least partially reduced in its information content, for example, the contrasts for all colors except a certain color can be lowered Markie easier to recognize.
- a binarization can take place. During the binarization, only the nominal contour and the actual contour remain for analysis. The original image (overall picture) with all its shades of gray is ignored during the evaluation. The original image can be overlaid afterwards for reasons of clarity.
- the binarization facilitates the analysis and, in particular, the determination of the contour accuracy in an automated image processing method.
- the speed at which the end effector is moved along the desired contour can be determined.
- the speed can be determined by detecting the distance of the markers and analyzing them with knowledge of the images taken per second. In this way, the maximum speed of the kinematic assembly can be determined, which still leads to an acceptable contour accuracy.
- a relationship between the processing time and the contour accuracy can be determined.
- At least the steps a. - e. can be performed for several different dynamic parameters, such as speed of the end effector, acceleration of the end effector, weight of the kinematic assembly. Any combination of dynamic parameters can be set and examined without having to sacrifice a workpiece. The costs for determining parameter combinations are thereby reduced.
- the right parameter combination is included in particular a balance between speed, service life and part tolerances corresponding contour accuracy.
- the particular advantage of the method according to the invention lies in the fact that only a single desired contour and thus only a single workpiece are required in order to carry out different analyzes. The workpiece is not destroyed every time a nominal contour is traveled with the kinematic module. Furthermore, no laser beams or other Messmit tel except a camera necessary to determine the contour accuracy.
- the desired contour can be "taught” online or offline to the kinematic module, ie it can also be programmed, It is also conceivable that the desired contour is detected while the end effector is moved along the desired contour Target contour while it is traversed by the kinematic assembly, be detected by another camera,
- the scope of the invention also includes a computer-implemented method which comprises at least some steps of the method according to the invention, in particular steps c. e and the method steps specified in the subclaims.
- the inven tion includes a computer program product comprising commands that cause in the imple mentation of the computer program product by a computer this, at least some steps of the method according to the invention, in particular the method steps c. - e. and the method steps specified in the subclaims.
- a detection device which can be arranged on a kinematic assembly, in particular mountable, comprising an image pickup device which is adapted to record more than 100 frames per second, a memory device for storing the captured frames and a first illumination device
- the image recording device can be designed in particular as a gigabit Ethernet grayscale camera.
- the end effector is a laser head
- the camera can be directed through the aperture of the laser head onto the workpiece. It is particularly preferred when the image pickup device is set up more than 200 frames per second is preferable to take more than 300 frames per second.
- the pictures can be taken at a resolution of at least 640 x 480 pixels.
- the camera can be set up to take pictures at different optical resolutions.
- the camera may be configured to take pictures at a resolution in the range of 1 - 20 microns per pixel, preferably at a resolution in the range of 2 - 15 microns per pixel. To achieve this resolution, additional units may be provided.
- the first Beieuchtungs nails can be formed out of coaxial illumination.
- the first illumination device can therefore be aligned coaxially with the tool used, z, B, a laser steel or face milling cutter. As a result, the workpiece is illuminated particularly well in the area of the TCP.
- the spot lighting can be designed as a red Treasureiicht. It can serve to illuminate the workpiece, so that the exposure times of the individual camera images remain as short as possible and thus do not smear the individual image.
- the detection device may be associated with an image processing device.
- the image processing device can be part of the detection device or be arranged externally, for example in an external PC,
- a Gigabit Ethernet camera can be configured to transmit 1000 megabits per second.
- the detection device can furthermore have fastening points, so that one or more lasers, in particular line lasers, can be fastened.
- the line lasers can be used to learn the nominal contour.
- the detection means may comprise attachment points or attachment means such that additional weights may be attached to the detection means to simulate the weight of components of the kinematic assembly, for example to simulate the weight of a beamforming assembly.
- Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a kinematic assembly
- Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a detection device
- Figure 3 is a schematic representation of an overall picture
- FIG. 4 shows a detail from FIG. 3
- FIG. 5 shows the representation of FIG. 4 after a binary alignment
- Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating the contour accuracy on a
- Fig. 7 is a representation to illustrate the speed of the kinematic assembly on a circle
- the kinematic subassembly comprises a portal 11 which can be moved in the double arrow direction 12 relative to a frame 13 over a workpiece 14.
- a carriage 16 is arranged, which can be moved in the double arrow 17.
- a laser processing head 18 is arranged, which can be moved in double arrow 19 direction.
- the end effector 20 By overlaying the movements of the portal 11, the carriage 16 and the laser processing head 18, the end effector 20 can be moved and positioned relative to the workpiece 14, the laser nozzle is the end effector 20.
- a tool axis with a direction of movement in the double arrow 12 is realized.
- a tool axis is realized with a direction of movement in the double arrow 17.
- a tool axis in the direction of movement of the double arrow 19 is realized.
- FIG. 1 also shows the following components of the machine tool 1: control device 3, workpiece support 5, focusing lens 7.
- FIG. 2 shows a detection device 50 which can be arranged on a kinematic assembly 10.
- the detection device 10 includes an image pickup device 51, a first and a second lighting treatment device 52, 53.
- the first illumination device 52 is madebitdet as coaxial illumination and the secondvonseinrich device 53 is designed as a spotlight.
- An attachment assembly 54 is provided for attaching additional weights. Except- an attachment point 55 is provided for attachment of a line laser 56,
- An image processing device 57 which comprises a memory device 58, is assigned to the detection device 50, but is arranged externally.
- FIG. 3 shows an overall image 70 which has been produced by assembling a number of individual images recorded by the image detection device 51.
- the overall image 70 therefore represents a kind of mosaic. It shows a desired contour 71, which was brought to the kinematic assembly 10 and countered by the kinematic assembly 10 in the counterclockwise direction, which is indicated by the arrow 72. The position of the tool center point of the kinematic assembly 10 has been inserted into the overall image 70. This is on the basis of the enlarged depicting development of Figure 4, which shows the detail IV of Figure 3, visible. In the enlarged view of Figure 4 marks 75 can be seen, which are represented by crosshairs.
- the markings 75 which represent the actual contour along which the end effector 20 has moved, have a spacing from the nominal contour 71.
- the distance can be determined, for example, by determining the number of pixels between the nominal contour 71 and a marking 75.
- the distance is preferably in a direction perpendicular to the desired contour 71st determined.
- the representation of FIG. 4 can be binarized, which is shown in FIG. Only the nominal contour 71 and the markings 75 can be seen here, which simplifies the digitized evaluation by an image processing device.
- the distance of the nominal contour 71 from the actual contour can be detected along the entire setpoint nominal contour 71. This is shown in FIG. In this case, the length of the nominal contour, in particular the circumference of the target contour 71 designed as a circle, is plotted on the horizontal axis. On the vertical axis, the distance in microns of the actual contour of the nominal contour is plotted. From the distance applied, the contour accuracy can be determined. The distance is represented by the curve 80. In the figure 7 is shown how the speed of the kinematic construction group 10 can be dargesteilt. On the horizontal axis of the circumference of the target contour 71 is applied. The vertical axis indicates the speed in millimeters per second. The speed of the kinematic assembly 10 is shown by the curve 85.
- the speed can be determined, for example, by determining the distance between the individual markings 75. Knowing the image acquisition speed, ie the number of images taken per second and the determined distance between If the markings 75 show, the speed with which the end effector 20 has been moved along the solf contour 71 can be determined.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Manipulator (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Image Analysis (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102018111473.7A DE102018111473B4 (de) | 2018-05-14 | 2018-05-14 | Verfahren und Erfassungseinrichtung zur Ermittlung der Konturtreue einer kinematischen Baugruppe |
| PCT/EP2019/062244 WO2019219628A1 (de) | 2018-05-14 | 2019-05-13 | Verfahren zur ermittlung der konturtreue einer kinematischen baugruppe |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3794417A1 true EP3794417A1 (de) | 2021-03-24 |
Family
ID=66554387
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19724436.1A Withdrawn EP3794417A1 (de) | 2018-05-14 | 2019-05-13 | Verfahren zur ermittlung der konturtreue einer kinematischen baugruppe |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3794417A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN112119359B (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102018111473B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2019219628A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04177408A (ja) | 1990-11-08 | 1992-06-24 | Fanuc Ltd | 数値制御装置の精度評価方法 |
| DE19602470A1 (de) | 1996-01-24 | 1997-07-31 | Siemens Ag | Bestimmung und Optimierung der Arbeitsgenauigkeit einer Werkzeugmaschine oder eines Roboters oder dergleichen |
| EP2284486B1 (de) * | 2004-12-16 | 2018-04-11 | Werth Messtechnik GmbH | Koordinatenmessgerät sowie Verfahren zum Messen mit einem Koordinatenmessgerät |
| DE202005015485U1 (de) * | 2005-04-12 | 2005-12-29 | E. Zoller GmbH & Co. KG Einstell- und Messgeräte | Mess- und/oder Einstellgerät mit einer Bilderfassungseinheit |
| DE102007033309A1 (de) * | 2007-07-18 | 2009-01-22 | Abb Ag | Verfahren zum Bearbeiten einer Kontur an wenigstens einem Werkstück mittels eines Roboters |
| JP5832083B2 (ja) * | 2010-10-27 | 2015-12-16 | 株式会社牧野フライス製作所 | 工具寸法の測定方法及び測定装置 |
| CN102059583B (zh) | 2010-11-10 | 2013-06-26 | 国营险峰机器厂 | 大型难切削零件的精加工方法 |
| EP2705935A1 (de) * | 2012-09-11 | 2014-03-12 | Hexagon Technology Center GmbH | Koordinatenmessmaschine |
| CN203518953U (zh) * | 2013-09-12 | 2014-04-02 | 深圳市大族激光科技股份有限公司 | 非接触式间隙、断差光学测量设备 |
| CN103606167B (zh) * | 2013-12-04 | 2016-08-31 | 天津普达软件技术有限公司 | 一种用于缺陷检测的瓶盖图像外轮廓确定方法 |
| DE102014202176B4 (de) * | 2014-02-06 | 2015-10-22 | Trumpf Werkzeugmaschinen Gmbh + Co. Kg | Verfahren zum Identifizieren einer Randkontur einer an einem Bearbeitungskopf gebildeten Öffnung und Bearbeitungsmaschine |
| DE102016118189B4 (de) | 2016-09-27 | 2018-08-30 | Trumpf Werkzeugmaschinen Gmbh + Co. Kg | Verfahren und Laserbearbeitungsmaschine zum Laserschweißen eines ersten und eines zweiten Werkstückabschnitts |
-
2018
- 2018-05-14 DE DE102018111473.7A patent/DE102018111473B4/de active Active
-
2019
- 2019-05-13 WO PCT/EP2019/062244 patent/WO2019219628A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2019-05-13 CN CN201980032226.0A patent/CN112119359B/zh active Active
- 2019-05-13 EP EP19724436.1A patent/EP3794417A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112119359A (zh) | 2020-12-22 |
| WO2019219628A1 (de) | 2019-11-21 |
| DE102018111473B4 (de) | 2022-01-13 |
| DE102018111473A1 (de) | 2019-11-14 |
| CN112119359B (zh) | 2024-03-12 |
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