EP3772552A2 - Porous composite floor covering and cleaning device - Google Patents
Porous composite floor covering and cleaning device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3772552A2 EP3772552A2 EP20190121.2A EP20190121A EP3772552A2 EP 3772552 A2 EP3772552 A2 EP 3772552A2 EP 20190121 A EP20190121 A EP 20190121A EP 3772552 A2 EP3772552 A2 EP 3772552A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- floor covering
- composite floor
- fleece
- cleaning
- composite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
- E01C11/224—Surface drainage of streets
- E01C11/225—Paving specially adapted for through-the-surfacing drainage, e.g. perforated, porous; Preformed paving elements comprising, or adapted to form, passageways for carrying off drainage
- E01C11/226—Coherent pavings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/16—Reinforcements
- E01C11/165—Reinforcements particularly for bituminous or rubber- or plastic-bound pavings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
- E01C11/224—Surface drainage of streets
- E01C11/225—Paving specially adapted for through-the-surfacing drainage, e.g. perforated, porous; Preformed paving elements comprising, or adapted to form, passageways for carrying off drainage
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
- E01C13/02—Foundations, e.g. with drainage or heating arrangements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
- E01C13/06—Pavings made in situ, e.g. for sand grounds, clay courts E01C13/003
- E01C13/065—Pavings made in situ, e.g. for sand grounds, clay courts E01C13/003 at least one in situ layer consisting of or including bitumen, rubber or plastics
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C3/00—Foundations for pavings
- E01C3/006—Foundations for pavings made of prefabricated single units
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C3/00—Foundations for pavings
- E01C3/06—Methods or arrangements for protecting foundations from destructive influences of moisture, frost or vibration
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
- E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
- E01C7/30—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and other binders, e.g. synthetic material, i.e. resin
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
- E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
- E01C7/32—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of courses of different kind made in situ
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
- E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
- E01C7/32—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of courses of different kind made in situ
- E01C7/325—Joining different layers, e.g. by adhesive layers; Intermediate layers, e.g. for the escape of water vapour, for spreading stresses
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
- E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
- E01H1/10—Hydraulically loosening or dislodging undesirable matter; Raking or scraping apparatus ; Removing liquids or semi-liquids e.g., absorbing water, sliding-off mud
- E01H1/101—Hydraulic loosening or dislodging, combined or not with mechanical loosening or dislodging, e.g. road washing machines with brushes or wipers
- E01H1/103—Hydraulic loosening or dislodging, combined or not with mechanical loosening or dislodging, e.g. road washing machines with brushes or wipers in which the soiled loosening or washing liquid is removed, e.g. by suction
Definitions
- the invention relates to a composite floor covering according to the preamble of claim 1 and a road shoulder or a road surface which is designed as such a composite floor covering.
- composite floor coverings for open spaces with a mineral granulate that is bound with a polymer material are known.
- polymer granules can also be provided, bound or unbound.
- a water-permeable stone composite molding which consists of 99 to 65 percent by weight of granules of mineral plastics with a grain size of 0.5 to 100 mm and 1 to 35 percent by weight of a two-component polyurethane adhesive.
- Masonry can be provided for building gabion stone basket walls, the stones being shaken in within the gabion stone basket or firmly connected to one another with filler material or by means of binding materials.
- an edge strip for a road wherein the base body of the shoulder consists of a mixture of stone, sand, humus and numerous other elements, which is covered by a layer of geotextile.
- the vegetation layer is aimed so that it can also be used on the verge of roads or as parking spaces without vehicles sinking into the grass.
- the DE 41 30 768 C1 discloses a support and support pad for earthworks and road construction.
- the core material is enveloped by a geotextile or a random fiber fleece, whereby it is also proposed to provide geotextile layers within the support cushions which extend over partial areas of the cross section.
- the EP 1464 756 A1 a structure for a playground can be seen, whereby the layer structure is reinforced by geotextile layers.
- composite floor coverings made of mineral granulate and polymer material are in environmental criticism because of the poly material. Even with bound poly material, abrasion cannot be avoided, so that microplastics get into the environment.
- the filter device can be formed from different materials, such as sand, polymer material, ash, perlite or a solid, porous matrix, such as CPP (CPP: Cementious porous pavement).
- CPP Cementious porous pavement
- the CPP is preferably made porous in such a way that water can flow through the pores.
- a shoulder of a street for example, can be provided with such a CPP.
- Membrane filters with a pore size on the order of 0.1 to 50 microns and even up to 3000 or more microns are disclosed as a further filter material. This membrane material is preferably made of cellulose.
- the GB 2 416 130 A shows a structure for a floor covering in which different grain materials are used. Among other things, a fleece can be used here.
- the porous composite floor covering or polymer covering which consists of a mineral granulate which is bonded to the polymer material to form a porous composite floor covering, is provided with a fleece with a pore opening of no more than 100 ⁇ m, the fleece preferably at least on the underside of the covering is arranged.
- the porous composite flooring has an initial filter effect for coarse-grained materials such as sand. This is retained in the pores of the composite floor covering. Fine dust, including microplastics, is carried by water through the composite floor covering to the fleece and held in it and thus does not get into the environment.
- the fleece thus serves as a second filter to collect fine dust and other fine particles.
- the composite flooring can be cleaned at regular intervals.
- a high pressure water jet is pressed into the composite floor covering and the water is sucked off again with a suction device.
- a composite floor covering made of mineral particles which are bonded to a polymer material can have the necessary coarse porosity, which is necessary for filtering coarse particles and which allows water to be pressed in, and is also so stable that such a cleaning operation with water under high pressure can be carried out repeatedly.
- a mineral binder for example based on cement. Large pores can also be provided here.
- mineral binders are not elastic, as a result of which they break and are destroyed when cleaning with water under high pressure. With such floor coverings, the particles would loosen with repeated cleaning.
- a porous composite floor covering made from mineral granules and an elastic polymer material and a fleece with a small pore size allows the filtering of coarse and fine substances and can be cleaned regularly, so that a long-term filter effect is possible.
- the fleece has a pore size of not more than 100 ⁇ m. It can also be made even finer and preferably not more than 50 ⁇ m in order to reliably hold back the microparticles and the fine dust.
- the glass fiber fleece GV60 is used, which has a pore size of 600 ⁇ m (60g / m 2 corresponds to approx. 600 ⁇ m pore size) and therefore does not act as a filter.
- the covering can be removed after its service life and disposed of properly.
- the covering can be used for street banquets.
- the composite flooring according to the invention can be used for the production of water-permeable, open-pored bound driving banquets as well as parking areas for cars and retention systems for surface drainage (hollows, ditches, seepage basins) of the roads and parking areas.
- a street shoulder is between 0.50 m and 1.00 m wide.
- the shoulder thickness is usually at least 8 cm.
- the composite floor covering can also be used as a sports floor covering, in particular tennis court covering or soccer field covering, in which case fine-grain granules can be loosely applied to correspond to a conventional sand court.
- These granules can be plastic granules or sand granules. This can lead to plastic abrasion, which is caught by the fleece. The coarse-grained plastic granulate is rubbed off during use, so that fine-grained abrasion occurs. The sand granules cause fine-grained abrasion on the composite flooring.
- the present invention relates to a cleaning device for cleaning a composite floor covering explained above, the cleaning device having a cleaning nozzle for pressing water or an aqueous solution into the porous floor covering and a suction device for sucking the water out of the floor covering.
- the composite flooring can be cleaned at regular intervals, for example once or twice a year. This removes dirt from the pores of the composite floor covering so that water can continue to penetrate the composite floor covering and the filter effect of the composite floor covering is effective.
- the cleaning device preferably has a filter device for filtering the extracted water. This allows the water to be reused and a concentrate of dirt to be accumulated. This is particularly useful when the cleaning device is arranged on a street cleaning vehicle.
- the cleaning device can be provided with a pump with which water or an aqueous solution is fed to the nozzle at a pressure of at least 10 bar, in particular at least 20 bar or at least 50 bar and preferably at least 100 bar. In practice it has been shown that it is expedient to feed the water or the aqueous solution to the nozzle at a pressure of up to 140 bar.
- the cleaning device can have a suction or pressure bar in which one or more cleaning nozzles and / or one or more suction nozzles are integrated.
- the suction or pressure bar has a length of at least 30 cm and preferably at least 50 cm.
- the maximum length of the suction or pressure bar is preferably 1 m or 1.2 m.
- a street cleaning vehicle for cleaning a composite floor covering as explained above is provided, the street cleaning vehicle having a cleaning device as explained above.
- Such a street cleaning vehicle with a suction or pressure bar is preferably designed such that the suction or pressure bar can be arranged at different angles of inclination with respect to the direction of travel of the street cleaning vehicle.
- the effective width can be changed by inclining the suction or pressure bar and adapted to the width of the respective section to be cleaned, in particular the street shoulder to be cleaned.
- a first exemplary embodiment of a composite floor covering 1 that forms a shoulder is explained below ( Figure 1 ).
- the composite floor covering 1 is formed from a mineral granulate and a binding agent.
- the mineral granulate includes, for example, gravel and / or splinters (soft and hard rocks such as limestone, diabase, basalt, gneiss).
- the mineral granules can consist of a grain mixture of 2/5 mm (ie a grading curve between 2 mm and 5 mm), 4/8 mm or 8/16 mm, preferably a proportion of fine-grain material up to 0.2 mm max. 10% of the Mass weight of the rock in the surface.
- the grading curve is determined individually depending on the load and requirements of the respective trade.
- the binder can be formed from 1-component or 2-component coating material, for example based on polyurethane.
- polyurethane for example based on polyurethane.
- other polymers such as those based on epoxy, polyethene, polypropylene, etc. are also suitable as binders.
- a composite floor covering formed with these polymers is resistant to frost and road salt.
- the binder is between 3% and 5% by weight.
- the mass fraction of the binder should not be greater than 10% in order to ensure sufficient porosity in the composite covering.
- the greater the proportion of the binder the lower the porosity of the composite covering 1. If the proportion of the binder is very low, this can impair the strength of the composite covering. It is therefore advisable to provide a mass fraction of the binder in the composite covering of at least 1% and in particular at least 2%.
- the composite floor covering 1 can be designed with a void content of at least 20% by volume, preferably at least 25% by volume and in particular at least 30% by volume.
- the preferred embodiment has a void content of 32% by volume.
- the pore size is a maximum of 10 mm.
- the minimum pore size is generally in the range from 0.5 to 3 mm. There is therefore a high level of water permeability and a good filter effect for coarse particles.
- a filter fleece 2 is provided as the filter medium for fine particles.
- the filter fleece is preferably designed with a minimum weight of 250 g / m 2 .
- the weight of the filter fleece can also be significantly higher.
- the filter fleece has a maximum porosity of 100 ⁇ m.
- the porosity can also be smaller and, for example, limited to a maximum of 75 ⁇ m or 50 ⁇ m, 25 ⁇ m or 20 ⁇ m.
- Such filter fleeces are available from Noravin.
- the porosity of the composite material is one or more orders of magnitude greater than that of the filter fleece. This ensures that sufficient water flows through the composite material and is filtered by the filter fleece.
- the pore size of the filter fleece is preferably greater than 10 ⁇ m. This ensures sufficient water permeability.
- the filter fleece is laid under the composite covering 1, which forms a shoulder, and pulled up on the flanks to the shoulder surface.
- the composite floor covering 1 has not only the filter fleece 2 but also optional internal filter fleece sections 3.
- These internal filter fleece sections 3 can be designed with different porosities than the filter fleece 2 and thus serve for coarse and fine filtration.
- the composite floor covering 1 rests on an unbound base layer 5. At the edge area it rests with an edge section on a bonded base layer 6 (asphalt ...), which is arranged horizontally butted with the composite floor covering, the surfaces being aligned or forming a continuous transition.
- a bonded base layer 6 (asphalt ...), which is arranged horizontally butted with the composite floor covering, the surfaces being aligned or forming a continuous transition.
- an upper floor 4 e.g. humus
- the support layer 6 has an approximately horizontal surface.
- the surface of the composite floor covering 2 is inclined from the base layer in the direction of the top floor 4. The inclination is, for example, about 5 ° to 10 ° with respect to the base layer 6.
- the top floor can be the same inclination, even more steeply inclined, or else less steeply and even horizontally.
- the width of the composite flooring is based on the requirements of the RVS for banquets.
- the filter fleece 2 is arranged at least on the entire underside of the composite floor covering and pulled up and installed like a trough in the joint areas with the support layer 6 and the top floor 4.
- the filter fleece 2 thus forms a trough-shaped trough.
- the inner filter fleece sections 3 are designed as strip-shaped sections which extend in the longitudinal direction of the composite floor covering. They are arranged, for example, parallel to the underside of the composite floor covering.
- the composite floor covering 2 has an It. RVS a minimum thickness of 8 cm. In other applications of the composite floor covering, however, the minimum thickness can also be less.
- the driving shoulder is designed with an inclination of about 5 ° to 10 ° relative to the roadway and has a
- Figures 2 to 6 further exemplary embodiments of the composite flooring 2 are shown, which correspond to the in Figure 1 Unless otherwise stated or shown in the figures below. The same parts are therefore not explained again and are denoted by the same reference symbols.
- FIG. 1 to 4 differ primarily in the arrangement of the internal filter fleece sections 3 Figure 1 to 4 a plurality of strip-shaped filter fleece sections 3 are provided in each case, which are arranged alternately offset from one another in several planes (here two planes; in principle, more planes are also possible).
- the individual filter fleece sections 3 are preferably arranged so as to overlap one another somewhat. In this way, a flat covering is achieved without the strength of the composite floor covering 1 being impaired too much.
- the width and the number of the filter fleece sections 3 can vary.
- a fifth embodiment ( Figure 5 ) has several filter fleece sections 3, which are arranged at an angle opposite the underside or the top side of the composite floor covering 1.
- the inclination of the filter fleece sections 3 is such that they are inclined in the opposite direction as the composite flooring 1, the inclination being steeper, as a result of which they oppose a water running off within the composite flooring 1 due to the inclination of the same and thus cause a certain retention function which the Filter effect increased ( Figure 5 ).
- a first and a second section of a composite floor covering 1a, 1b are provided.
- the first composite floor section 1a forms a shoulder which essentially corresponds to the exemplary embodiments explained above.
- This composite floor section 1 a has a plurality of filter fleece sections 3 which are arranged obliquely opposite the underside or the upper side of the composite floor covering 1.
- the inclination of the non-woven filter portions 3 is such that they are inclined in the same direction as the composite flooring 1, the inclination being steeper, thereby directing the water to the underside of the composite flooring 1a.
- the composite bottom section 1a can also be formed without filter fleece sections 3 or with the arrangements of filter fleece sections 3 shown above.
- the second composite floor section 1b On the side facing away from the bound base layer, the second composite floor section 1b is arranged with an abutment to the first composite floor section 1a.
- the second composite floor section 1b forms a drainage trough 7.
- a respective filter fleece 2 is arranged, which are pulled up laterally like a trough on the end faces of the composite floor sections 1a, 1b.
- FIG. 7 a schematic cross-sectional view of a seepage basin 16 is shown, which is provided with the composite floor covering 1 according to the invention and has a humus-sand mixture 8 thereon.
- a water-permeable ballast layer 15 is arranged under the covering.
- the composite flooring 1 serves as a permanent filter. It can be useful here to make the porosity of the composite floor covering 1 low, so that a certain retention function is also brought about.
- the composite floor covering 1 has internal filter fleece sections 3 which are arranged offset from one another in two planes. In such a locally limited application, such as a seepage basin, in which large amounts of water are filtered, it can also be expedient to provide several levels of internal filter fleece sections 3.
- the different levels of internal filter fleece sections 3 have an increasingly lower porosity towards the bottom, so that the upper levels first filter out the coarse material and the lower levels filter the increasingly finer material.
- FIG 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the composite floor covering 1 according to the invention when used in a soccer field, with a dynamic layer 10 and a soccer field artificial turf being placed on the composite floor covering 1.
- a dynamic layer 10 and a soccer field artificial turf being placed on the composite floor covering 1.
- the dynamic layer can also be arranged below the composite floor covering 1 or can be completely omitted.
- FIGs 9 and 10 are two variants of the formed drainage trough 7 according to the embodiment of FIG Figure 6 shown, which differ in the different arrangements of the internal filter fleece 2 for coarse and fine filtration (see Figures 2 to 5 ).
- the inner filter fleece sections 3 form channels which are approximately V-shaped in cross section and preferably extend in the longitudinal direction and which filter water very efficiently.
- the strip-shaped, internal filter fleece sections 3 are aligned horizontally.
- FIG 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the composite floor covering according to the invention when used in a tennis court, a base layer 14 and further on top of a dynamic layer 10 and the tennis court top layer are placed on the surface.
- a base layer 14 and further on top of a dynamic layer 10 and the tennis court top layer are placed on the surface.
- sections with gravel 11 in each of which a drainage pipe 12 is arranged.
- the composite floor covering 1 can, however, also form the top layer of a tennis court, with loose quartz sand and / or plastic granules being applied to the top layer.
- the substructure can be designed with or without drainage pipes.
- an elastic, dynamic layer is preferably arranged below the composite floor covering 1, which absorbs impacts elastically.
- All of the exemplary embodiments explained above have in common that they have at least one filter fleece 2, which is preferably arranged on the underside of the composite floor covering 1 and in particular over the entire surface with respect to the composite floor covering.
- the composite floor covering 1 can be cleaned regularly with a cleaning device 17 in order to remove dirt from the pores of the composite floor covering 1 and / or the filter fleece 2.
- the cleaning device 17 has a suction or pressure bar 18 which has a suction nozzle 19 and one or more cleaning nozzles 20.
- the suction nozzle 19 is connected to a suction tube 21, which also serves as a holding device for the suction or pressure bar 18.
- the suction pipe 21 merges into a filter device 22 in which sucked water is separated from the dirt.
- the suction device (not shown) is preferably integrated in a street cleaning vehicle.
- the water line 24 is connected to a water pump (not shown) with which water can be supplied under pressure. Practice has shown that a pressure of over 100 bar is very advantageous.
- the cleaning nozzles 20 can be outside of the suction nozzle 19 ( Figure 13a ) be arranged. They can also be arranged inside the suction nozzle 19, as shown in FIG Figure 13b is shown.
- the Figure 13a and Figure 13b are each a cross-sectional view transverse to the direction of movement of the cleaning device.
- Figure 12 shows the cleaning device 17 from the front.
- the suction or pressure bar 18 is arranged a few centimeters above the composite floor covering 1 during cleaning. Water or an aqueous solution is introduced into the composite floor covering 1 under pressure by means of the cleaning nozzles 20. The cleaning water or the aqueous cleaning solution is sucked off with the suction nozzle 19. As a result, dirt that has settled in the pores of the composite floor covering 1 is loosened and carried away. A composite floor covering according to the invention can thus be cleaned and the filter effect can be regenerated.
- the amount of water supplied is preferably more than 10 l / min, in particular more than 50 l / min and in particular more than 100 l / min.
- the amount of water supplied can be up to 150 l / min.
- the composite flooring according to the invention in conjunction with regular cleaning with such a cleaning device 17 allows a permanent filter effect and thus permanent absorption of dust particles, in particular rubber abrasion from vehicle tires on the road, which can be reliably collected with the composite flooring.
- the fleeces used have a pore size of no more than 100 ⁇ m. Such small pore sizes are not possible with conventional fabrics, which are not fleeces. However, there are now technical fabrics that can be woven so tightly that they also have a pore size of no more than 100 ⁇ m. These technical fabrics are also regarded as nonwovens with a pore size of no more than 100 ⁇ m in the context of the present invention.
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Verbundbodenbelag (1) aus mineralischem Granulat und einem Polymermaterial, welches mit einem Vlies (2, 3) versehen ist, das eine Porengröße von nicht mehr als 100 µm aufweist.The invention relates to a composite floor covering (1) made of mineral granules and a polymer material which is provided with a fleece (2, 3) which has a pore size of no more than 100 μm.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Verbundbodenbelag gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie ein Fahrbahnbankett oder einen Straßenbelag, der als ein solcher Verbundbodenbelag ausgebildet ist.The invention relates to a composite floor covering according to the preamble of
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind Verbundbodenbeläge für Freiflächen mit einem mineralischen Granulat bekannt, das mit einem Polymermaterial gebunden ist. Zusätzlich kann auch Polymergranulat gebunden oder ungebunden vorgesehen sein.From the prior art, composite floor coverings for open spaces with a mineral granulate that is bound with a polymer material are known. In addition, polymer granules can also be provided, bound or unbound.
Diese Beläge sind in der Regel porös ausgebildet, so dass sie Wasser durchleiten können. Da sich auf diesen Belägen keine Pfützen bilden, eignen sie sich hervorragend für öffentliche Plätze und Sportanlagen.These coverings are generally made porous so that water can pass through them. Since puddles do not form on these surfaces, they are ideal for public spaces and sports facilities.
Aus der gattungsbildenden
Aus der
In der
Aus der
Die
Der
Verbundbodenbeläge aus mineralischen Granulat und Polymermaterial stehe jedoch wegen des Polymaterials umwelttechnisch in der Kritik. Selbst bei gebundenem Polymaterial ist ein Abrieb nicht vermeidbar, so dass Mikroplastik in die Umwelt gelangt.However, composite floor coverings made of mineral granulate and polymer material are in environmental criticism because of the poly material. Even with bound poly material, abrasion cannot be avoided, so that microplastics get into the environment.
Andererseits haben diese Beläge erhebliche Vorteile in Wartung und Unterhalt im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Schotter- oder Teerbelägen. Schotterbeläge versiegeln zwar die Oberfläche nicht, jedoch sind sie sehr wartungsintensiv. Teerbeläge versiegeln die Oberfläche wasserundurchlässig. Gittersteine hingegen sind sehr aufwendig in der Verlegung.On the other hand, these surfaces have considerable advantages in terms of maintenance and servicing compared to conventional gravel or tar surfaces. Gravel surfaces do not seal the surface, but they are very maintenance-intensive. Tar coverings seal the surface impermeable to water. Lattice stones, on the other hand, are very complex to lay.
Aus der
In der
Die
Es besteht daher die Aufgabe, einen Verbundbodenbelag zu schaffen, welcher sehr gut umweltverträglich ist und auf Dauer eine Filterwirkung bereitstellen kann.There is therefore the task of creating a composite floor covering which is very environmentally friendly and can provide a filter effect in the long term.
Die Aufgabe wird durch einen Verbundbodenbelag bzw. Polymerbodenbelag mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.The object is achieved by a composite floor covering or polymer floor covering with the features of
Erfindungsgemäß wird der poröse Verbundbodenbelag bzw. Polymerbelag, der aus einem mineralischen Granulat, das mit dem Polymermaterial zu einem porösen Verbundbodenbelag verbunden ist, mit einem Vlies mit einer Porenöffnung von nicht mehr als 100 µm versehen, wobei das Vlies vorzugsweise zumindest an der Unterseite des Belags angeordnet ist. Der poröse Verbundbodenbelag bewirkt eine erste Filterwirkung für grobkörnige Materialien, wie zum Beispiel Sand. Dieser wird in den Poren des Verbundbodenbelages zurückgehalten. Feinstaub, einschließlich Mikroplastik, wird von Wasser durch den Verbundbodenbelag hindurch zum Vlies geschwemmt und darin aufgehalten und gelangt somit nicht in die Umwelt. Das Vlies dient somit als zweiter Filter zum Auffangen von Feinstaub und anderen feinen Partikeln.According to the invention, the porous composite floor covering or polymer covering, which consists of a mineral granulate which is bonded to the polymer material to form a porous composite floor covering, is provided with a fleece with a pore opening of no more than 100 μm, the fleece preferably at least on the underside of the covering is arranged. The porous composite flooring has an initial filter effect for coarse-grained materials such as sand. This is retained in the pores of the composite floor covering. Fine dust, including microplastics, is carried by water through the composite floor covering to the fleece and held in it and thus does not get into the environment. The fleece thus serves as a second filter to collect fine dust and other fine particles.
Der Verbundbodenbelag kann in regelmäßigen Abständen gereinigt werden. Beim Reinigen wird beispielsweise ein Wasserstrahl mit hohem Druck in den Verbundbodenbelag gepresst und das Wasser mit einer Saugeinrichtung wieder abgesaugt. Hierdurch ist es möglich, dass nach einer gewissen Benutzungszeit, nachdem die Poren des Verbundbodenbelags mit Schmutz verstopft sind, dieser wieder gereinigt und frei von Schmutz gemacht werden kann. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass ein Verbundbodenbelag aus mineralischen Partikeln, welche mit einem Polymermaterial verbunden sind, einerseits die notwendige, grobe Porosität aufweisen kann, die zum Filtern von groben Partikeln notwendig ist und die ein Einpressen von Wasser erlaubt, und andererseits auch derart stabil ist, dass ein solcher Reinigungsvorgang mit Wasser unter hohem Druck wiederholt ausgeführt werden kann. Es gibt poröse Bodenbeläge, bei welchen die Partikel mit mineralischem Bindemittel, beispielsweise auf Zementbasis, verbunden sind. Hierbei können auch große Poren bereitgestellt werden. Jedoch sind derartige mineralische Bindemittel nicht elastisch, wodurch sie beim Reinigen mit Wasser unter hohem Druck brechen und zerstört werden. Bei derartigen Bodenbelägen würden sich die Partikel beim wiederholten Reinigen lösen.The composite flooring can be cleaned at regular intervals. When cleaning, for example, a high pressure water jet is pressed into the composite floor covering and the water is sucked off again with a suction device. This makes it possible that after a certain period of use, after the pores of the composite floor covering are clogged with dirt, this can be cleaned again and made free of dirt. It has been shown that a composite floor covering made of mineral particles which are bonded to a polymer material can have the necessary coarse porosity, which is necessary for filtering coarse particles and which allows water to be pressed in, and is also so stable that such a cleaning operation with water under high pressure can be carried out repeatedly. There are porous floor coverings in which the particles are bonded with a mineral binder, for example based on cement. Large pores can also be provided here. However, such mineral binders are not elastic, as a result of which they break and are destroyed when cleaning with water under high pressure. With such floor coverings, the particles would loosen with repeated cleaning.
Die Kombination aus einem porösen Verbundbodenbelag, der aus einem mineralischen Granulat und einem elastischen Polymermaterial ausgebildet ist, und einem Vlies mit geringer Porengröße erlaubt das Filtern von groben und feinen Stoffen und kann regelmäßig gereinigt werden, so dass eine langfristige Filterwirkung möglich ist.The combination of a porous composite floor covering made from mineral granules and an elastic polymer material and a fleece with a small pore size allows the filtering of coarse and fine substances and can be cleaned regularly, so that a long-term filter effect is possible.
Es ist sehr vorteilhaft, dass das Vlies eine Porengröße von nicht mehr als 100 µm aufweist. Sie kann auch noch feiner ausgebildet sein und vorzugsweise nicht mehr als 50 µm betragen, um sicher die Mikropartikel und den Feinstaub zurück zu halten.It is very advantageous that the fleece has a pore size of not more than 100 μm. It can also be made even finer and preferably not more than 50 μm in order to reliably hold back the microparticles and the fine dust.
Bei der o.g.
Bei der vorliegenden Erfindung kann der Belag nach seiner Lebensdauer entfernt und fachgerecht entsorgt werden.With the present invention, the covering can be removed after its service life and disposed of properly.
Insbesondere kann der Belag für Straßenbankette eingesetzt werden.In particular, the covering can be used for street banquets.
Der erfindungsgemäße Verbundbodenbelag kann zur Herstellung wasserdurchlässiger, offenporiger gebundener Fahrbankette sowie PKW-Abstellflächen und Rückhaltesystemen für Oberflächenentwässerungen (Mulden, Graben, Versickerungsbecken) der Fahrbahnen und Abstellflächen verwendet werden.The composite flooring according to the invention can be used for the production of water-permeable, open-pored bound driving banquets as well as parking areas for cars and retention systems for surface drainage (hollows, ditches, seepage basins) of the roads and parking areas.
Ein Straßenbankett ist gemäß RSV (= Richtlinien und Vorschriften für das Straßenwesen) zwischen 0,50 m und 1,00 m breit. Die Bankettstärke beträgt meistens zumindest 8 cm.According to RSV (= guidelines and regulations for roads), a street shoulder is between 0.50 m and 1.00 m wide. The shoulder thickness is usually at least 8 cm.
Der Verbundbodenbelag kann auch als Sportbodenbelag, insbesondere Tennisplatzbelag oder Fußballplatzbelag, verwendet werden, wobei hierauf ein feinkörniges Granulat lose aufgebracht sein kann, um einem herkömmlichen Sandplatz zu entsprechen. Dieses Granulat kann ein Kunststoffgranulat oder Sandgranulat sein. Dies kann zu Kunststoffabrieb führen, welcher vom Vlies aufgefangen wird. Das grobkörnige Kunststoffgranulat wird bei Benutzung abgerieben, so dass feinkörnige Abrieb entsteht. Das Sandgranulat verursacht feinkörnigen Abrieb am Verbundbodenbelag.The composite floor covering can also be used as a sports floor covering, in particular tennis court covering or soccer field covering, in which case fine-grain granules can be loosely applied to correspond to a conventional sand court. These granules can be plastic granules or sand granules. This can lead to plastic abrasion, which is caught by the fleece. The coarse-grained plastic granulate is rubbed off during use, so that fine-grained abrasion occurs. The sand granules cause fine-grained abrasion on the composite flooring.
Nach einem weiteren Aspekt betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung eine Reinigungsvorrichtung zum Reinigen eines oben erläuterten Verbundbodenbelags, wobei die Reinigungsvorrichtung eine Reinigungsdüse zum Drücken von Wasser oder einer wässrigen Lösung in den porösen Bodenbelag und eine Saugeinrichtung zum Absaugen des Wassers aus dem Bodenbelag aufweist.According to a further aspect, the present invention relates to a cleaning device for cleaning a composite floor covering explained above, the cleaning device having a cleaning nozzle for pressing water or an aqueous solution into the porous floor covering and a suction device for sucking the water out of the floor covering.
Mit dieser Reinigungsvorrichtung kann der Verbundbodenbelag in regelmäßigen Abständen, zum Beispiel ein- bis zweimal im Jahr, gereinigt werden. Hierbei wird Schmutz aus den Poren des Verbundbodenbelages entfernt, so dass Wasser weiterhin den Verbundbodenbelag gut durchdringen kann und die Filterwirkung des Verbundbodenbelages wirksam ist.With this cleaning device, the composite flooring can be cleaned at regular intervals, for example once or twice a year. This removes dirt from the pores of the composite floor covering so that water can continue to penetrate the composite floor covering and the filter effect of the composite floor covering is effective.
Die Reinigungsvorrichtung weist vorzugsweise eine Filtereinrichtung zum Filtern des abgesaugten Wassers auf. Hierdurch kann das Wasser wiederverwendet werden und ein Konzentrat an Schmutz angesammelt werden. Dies ist insbesondere zweckmäßig, wenn die Reinigungsvorrichtung an einem Straßenreinigungsfahrzeug angeordnet ist.The cleaning device preferably has a filter device for filtering the extracted water. This allows the water to be reused and a concentrate of dirt to be accumulated. This is particularly useful when the cleaning device is arranged on a street cleaning vehicle.
Die Reinigungsvorrichtung kann mit einer Pumpe versehen sein, mit welcher Wasser oder eine wässrige Lösung mit einem Druck von zumindest 10 bar, insbesondere zumindest 20 bar bzw. zumindest 50 bar und vorzugsweise mindestens 100 bar der Düse zugeführt wird. In der Praxis hat sich gezeigt, dass es zweckmäßig ist das Wasser bzw. die wässrige Lösung mit einem Druck bis zu 140 bar der Düse zuzuführen.The cleaning device can be provided with a pump with which water or an aqueous solution is fed to the nozzle at a pressure of at least 10 bar, in particular at least 20 bar or at least 50 bar and preferably at least 100 bar. In practice it has been shown that it is expedient to feed the water or the aqueous solution to the nozzle at a pressure of up to 140 bar.
Die Reinigungsvorrichtung kann einen Saug- bzw. Druckbalken aufweisen, in dem eine oder mehrere Reinigungsdüsen und/oder eine oder mehrere Saugdüsen integriert sind.The cleaning device can have a suction or pressure bar in which one or more cleaning nozzles and / or one or more suction nozzles are integrated.
Der Saug- bzw. Druckbalken weist eine Länge von zumindest 30 cm und vorzugsweise zumindest 50 cm auf. Die maximale Länge des Saug- bzw. Druckbalkens beträgt vorzugsweise 1 m bzw. 1,2 m.The suction or pressure bar has a length of at least 30 cm and preferably at least 50 cm. The maximum length of the suction or pressure bar is preferably 1 m or 1.2 m.
Nach einem weiteren Aspekt wird ein Straßenreinigungsfahrzeug zum Reinigen eines Verbundbodenbelages, wie er oben erläutert ist, vorgesehen, wobei das Straßenreinigungsfahrzeug eine oben erläuterte Reinigungsvorrichtung aufweist.According to a further aspect, a street cleaning vehicle for cleaning a composite floor covering as explained above is provided, the street cleaning vehicle having a cleaning device as explained above.
Ein solches Straßenreinigungsfahrzeug mit einem Saug- bzw. Druckbalken ist vorzugsweise so ausgebildet, dass der Saug- bzw. Druckbalken in unterschiedlichen Neigungswinkeln bezüglich der Fahrtrichtung des Straßenreinigungsfahrzeuges anordbar ist. Hierdurch kann die effektive Breite durch Schrägstellung des Saug- bzw. Druckbalkens verändert und an die Breite des jeweils zu reinigenden Abschnittes, insbesondere des zu reinigenden Straßenbanketts angepasst werden.Such a street cleaning vehicle with a suction or pressure bar is preferably designed such that the suction or pressure bar can be arranged at different angles of inclination with respect to the direction of travel of the street cleaning vehicle. As a result, the effective width can be changed by inclining the suction or pressure bar and adapted to the width of the respective section to be cleaned, in particular the street shoulder to be cleaned.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing.
Es zeigen:
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Fig. 1 eine schematische Querschnittansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Verbundbodenbelags gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiels, -
Fig. 2 eine schematische Querschnittansicht eines erfindungsgenmäßen Verbundbodenbelags gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels, -
Fig. 3 eine schematische Querschnittansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Verbundbodenbelags gemäß einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiels, -
Fig. 4 eine schematische Querschnittansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Verbundbodenbelags gemäß einem vierten Ausführungsbeispiels, -
Fig. 5 eine schematische Querschnittansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Verbundbodenbelags gemäß einem fünften Ausführungsbeispiels, -
Fig. 6 eine schematische Querschnittansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Verbundbodenbelags gemäß einem sechsten Ausführungsbeispiels, -
Fig. 7 eine schematische Querschnittansicht eines Sickerbeckens mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Verbundbodenbelag, -
Fig. 8 eine schematische Querschnittansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Verbundbodenbelags bei Verwendung als Sportbodenbelag in einem Fußballplatz, -
Fig. 9 eine schematische Querschnittansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Verbundbodenbelags gemäß einem siebten Ausführungsbeispiels, -
Fig. 10 eine schematische Querschnittansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Verbundbodenbelags gemäß einem achten Ausführungsbeispiels, -
Fig. 11 eine schematische Querschnittansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Verbundbodenbelags bei Verwendung als Sportbodenbelag in einem Tennisplatz, -
Fig. 12 eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Reinigungsvorrichtung zum Reinigen eines erfindungsgemäßen Verbundbodenbelags, -
Fig. 13a schematisch eine Querschnittsansicht der Reinigungsvorrichtung im Bereich eines Saug- bzw. Druckbalkens nach einer ersten Ausführungsform, und -
Fig. 13b schematisch eine Querschnittsansicht der Reinigungsvorrichtung im Bereich eines Saug- bzw. Druckbalkens nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform.
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Fig. 1 a schematic cross-sectional view of a composite floor covering according to the invention according to a first embodiment, -
Fig. 2 a schematic cross-sectional view of a composite floor covering according to the invention according to a second embodiment, -
Fig. 3 a schematic cross-sectional view of a composite floor covering according to the invention according to a third embodiment, -
Fig. 4 a schematic cross-sectional view of a composite floor covering according to the invention according to a fourth embodiment, -
Fig. 5 a schematic cross-sectional view of a composite floor covering according to the invention according to a fifth embodiment, -
Fig. 6 a schematic cross-sectional view of a composite floor covering according to the invention according to a sixth embodiment, -
Fig. 7 a schematic cross-sectional view of a seepage basin with a composite floor covering according to the invention, -
Fig. 8 a schematic cross-sectional view of a composite flooring according to the invention when used as a sports flooring in a soccer field, -
Fig. 9 a schematic cross-sectional view of a composite floor covering according to the invention according to a seventh embodiment, -
Fig. 10 a schematic cross-sectional view of a composite flooring according to the invention according to an eighth embodiment, -
Fig. 11 a schematic cross-sectional view of a composite flooring according to the invention when used as a sports flooring in a tennis court, -
Fig. 12 a schematic side view of a cleaning device for cleaning a composite floor covering according to the invention, -
Figure 13a schematically a cross-sectional view of the cleaning device in the area of a suction or pressure bar according to a first embodiment, and -
Figure 13b schematically a cross-sectional view of the cleaning device in the area of a suction or pressure bar according to a further embodiment.
Nachfolgend wird ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Verbundbodenbelags 1 erläutert, das ein Bankett bildet (
Der Verbundbodenbelag 1 ist aus einem mineralischen Granulat und einem Bindemittel ausgebildet.The composite floor covering 1 is formed from a mineral granulate and a binding agent.
Das mineralische Granulat umfasst bspw. Kiese und/oder Splitter (Weich- und Hartgesteine wie z.B. Kalkgesteine, Diabas, Basalt, Gneis). Das mineralische Granulat kann aus einer Kornmischung 2/5 mm (d.h. eine Sieblinie zwischen 2 mm und 5 mm), 4/8 mm oder 8/16 mm bestehen, wobei vorzugsweise ein Anteil an Feinkornmaterial bis 0,2 mm max. 10% des Massegewichts des Gesteins im Belag beträgt. Die Sieblinie wird individuell je nach Belastung und Anforderung des jeweiligen Gewerks festgelegt.The mineral granulate includes, for example, gravel and / or splinters (soft and hard rocks such as limestone, diabase, basalt, gneiss). The mineral granules can consist of a grain mixture of 2/5 mm (ie a grading curve between 2 mm and 5 mm), 4/8 mm or 8/16 mm, preferably a proportion of fine-grain material up to 0.2 mm max. 10% of the Mass weight of the rock in the surface. The grading curve is determined individually depending on the load and requirements of the respective trade.
Das Bindemittel kann aus 1-Komponenten- bzw. 2-Komponenten-Beschichtungsstoff bspw. auf Polyurethanbasis ausgebildet sein. Als Bindemittel sind jedoch auch andere Polymere, wie z.B. auf Basis von Epoxy, Polyethen, Polypropylen, etc. geeignet. Ein mit diesen Polymeren ausgebildeter Verbundbodenbelag ist frost- und tausalzbeständig.The binder can be formed from 1-component or 2-component coating material, for example based on polyurethane. However, other polymers, such as those based on epoxy, polyethene, polypropylene, etc. are also suitable as binders. A composite floor covering formed with these polymers is resistant to frost and road salt.
Das Bindemittel beträgt im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel zwischen 3% und 5% Masseanteil. Der Masseanteil des Bindemittels sollte nicht größer als 10 % sein, um eine ausreichende Porosität des Verbundbelages sicher zu stellen. Je größer der Anteil des Bindemittels ist, desto geringer ist in der Regel die Porosität des Verbundbelags 1. Ist der Anteil des Bindemittels sehr gering, dann kann dies die Festigkeit des Verbundbelages beeinträchtigen. Daher ist es zweckmäßig einen Masseanteil des Bindemittels am Verbundbelag von zumindest 1% und insbesondere zumindest 2% vorzusehen.In the present exemplary embodiment, the binder is between 3% and 5% by weight. The mass fraction of the binder should not be greater than 10% in order to ensure sufficient porosity in the composite covering. As a rule, the greater the proportion of the binder, the lower the porosity of the
Der Verbundbodenbelag 1 kann mit einem Hohlraumgehalt von zumindest 20 Volumen-%, vorzugsweise zumindest 25 Volumen-% und insbesondere zumindest 30 Volumen-% ausgebildet sein. Die bevorzugte Ausführungsform weist einen Hohlraumgehalt von 32 Volumen-% auf.The composite floor covering 1 can be designed with a void content of at least 20% by volume, preferably at least 25% by volume and in particular at least 30% by volume. The preferred embodiment has a void content of 32% by volume.
Die Porengröße beträgt bei einer Kornmischung 4/8 mm maximal 10 mm. Die minimale Porengröße liegt grundsätzlich im Bereich von 0,5 bis 3 mm. Es besteht somit eine hohe Wasserdurchlässigkeit und eine gute Filterwirkung für grobe Partikel.With a grain mixture of 4/8 mm, the pore size is a maximum of 10 mm. The minimum pore size is generally in the range from 0.5 to 3 mm. There is therefore a high level of water permeability and a good filter effect for coarse particles.
Als Filtermedium für feine Partikel ist ein Filtervlies 2 vorgesehen.A
Das Filtervlies ist vorzugsweise mit einem Mindestgewicht von 250 g/m2 ausgebildet. Das Gewicht des Filtervlieses kann auch wesentlich höher sein.The filter fleece is preferably designed with a minimum weight of 250 g / m 2 . The weight of the filter fleece can also be significantly higher.
Das Filtervlies weist eine Porosität von maximal 100 µm auf. Die Porosität kann auch kleiner sein und bspw. auf maximal 75 µm oder 50 µm 25 µm oder 20 µm beschränkt sein. Derartige Filtervliese sind bei der Fa. Noravin erhältlich.The filter fleece has a maximum porosity of 100 µm. The porosity can also be smaller and, for example, limited to a maximum of 75 μm or 50 μm, 25 μm or 20 μm. Such filter fleeces are available from Noravin.
Die Porosität des Verbundmaterials ist um eine oder mehrere Größenordnungen größer als die des Filtervlieses. Hierdurch ist sichergestellt, dass Wasser in ausreichender Menge durch das Verbundmaterial strömt und vom Filtervlies gefiltert wird.The porosity of the composite material is one or more orders of magnitude greater than that of the filter fleece. This ensures that sufficient water flows through the composite material and is filtered by the filter fleece.
Die Porengröße des Filtervlieses ist vorzugsweise größer als 10 µm. Hierdurch wird eine ausreichende Wasserdurchlässigkeit sicher gestellt.The pore size of the filter fleece is preferably greater than 10 μm. This ensures sufficient water permeability.
Das Filtervlies ist unter dem Verbundbelag 1, der ein Bankett bildet, verlegt und an den Flanken bis zur Bankettoberfläche hochgezogen.The filter fleece is laid under the
In der
Der Verbundbodenbelag 1 liegt auf einer ungebundenen Tragschicht 5 auf. Am Randbereich liegt er mit einem Randabschnitt auf einer gebundenen Tragschicht 6 (Asphalt ...) auf, welche sich horizontal mit dem Verbundbodenbelag auf Stoß angeordnet ist, wobei die Oberflächen fluchten bzw. einen stetigen Übergang bilden. An der zur gebundenen Tragschicht 6 gegenüberliegenden Seite des Verbundbodenbelags 1 schließt sich ein Oberboden 4 (z.B. Humus) an. Die Tragschicht 6 weist eine etwa horizontale Oberfläche auf. Der Verbundbodenbelag 2 ist mit seiner Oberfläche von der Tragschicht in Richtung zum Oberboden 4 geneigt. Die Neigung beträgt bspw. etwa 5° bis 10° gegenüber der Tragschicht 6. Der Oberboden kann die gleiche Neigung, noch stärker geneigt sein oder aber auch weniger stark und sogar horizontal ausgebildet sein.The composite floor covering 1 rests on an unbound
Die Breite des Verbundbodenbelags richtet sich nach den Vorgaben der RVS für Bankette.The width of the composite flooring is based on the requirements of the RVS for banquets.
Das Filtervlies 2 ist bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel zumindest an der gesamten Unterseite des Verbundbodenbelags angeordnet und wie eine Wanne an den Stoßbereichen zu der Tragschicht 6 und dem Oberboden 4 hochgezogen und eingebaut. Das Filtervlies 2 bildet somit eine rinnenförmige Wanne.In this exemplary embodiment, the
Die innenliegenden Filtervliesabschnitte 3 sind als streifenförmige Abschnitte ausgebildet, welche sich in Längsrichtung des Verbundbodenbelags erstrecken. Sie sind bspw. parallel zur Unterseite des Verbundbodenbelags angeordnet.The inner
Der Verbundbodenbelag 2 weist eine It. RVS eine Mindeststärke von 8 cm auf. Bei anderen Anwendungen des Verbundbodenbelags kann die Mindeststärke jedoch auch geringer sein.The composite floor covering 2 has an It. RVS a minimum thickness of 8 cm. In other applications of the composite floor covering, however, the minimum thickness can also be less.
Die konkreten Ausführungen eines Bankettes sind abhängig von den Anforderungen der jeweiligen JDTV-Klassen, welche nach dem jeweiligen Verkehrsaufkommen (KFZ in 24 Std.) bestimmt werden. Dementsprechend kann die Ausgestaltung des Verbundbodenbelags variieren.The specific designs of a banquet depend on the requirements of the respective JDTV classes, which are determined according to the respective traffic volume (cars in 24 hours). The design of the composite floor covering can vary accordingly.
Das Fahrbankett ist mit einer Neigung von etwa 5° bis 10° gegenüber der Fahrbahn ausgebildet und weist eine
In den
In the
Diese weiteren Ausführungsbeispiele unterscheiden sich vor allem in der Anordnung der innenliegenden Filtervliesabschnitte 3. Gemäß
Ein fünftes Ausführungsbeispiel (
Bei einem sechsten Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß
An der zur gebunden Tragschicht abgewandten Seite ist der zweite Verbundbodenabschnitt 1b mit Stoß zum ersten Verbundbodenabschnitt 1a angeordnet. Der zweite Verbundbodenabschnitt 1b bildet eine Sickermulde 7. Unterhalb beider Verbundbodenabschnitte ist jeweils ein Filtervlies 2 angeordnet, welche wannenartig an den Stirnseiten der Verbundbodenabschnitte 1a, 1b seitlich hochgezogen sind.On the side facing away from the bound base layer, the second
Auch im zweiten Verbundbodenabschnitt 1b sind innenliegende Filtervliesabschnitte 3 angeordnet, welche streifenförmig sind und parallel zur Unterseite des Verbundbodenabschnittes 1b angeordnet sind. Diese innenliegenden Filtervliesabschnitte 3 können genauso wie diejenigen der oben erläuterten Ausführungsbeispiele abgewandelt sein.Also in the second
In der
In der
In den
In der
Der Verbundbodenbelag 1 kann jedoch auch die Deckschicht eines Tennisplatzes bilden, wobei auf der Deckschicht lose Quarzsand und/oder Kunststoffgranulat aufgetragen sein kann. Je nach Untergrund kann der Unterbau mit oder ohne Drainagerohre ausgebildet sein. Bei einer solchen Ausführungsform ist vorzugsweise eine elastische, dynamische Schicht unterhalb des Verbundbodenbelags 1 angeordnet, welche Stöße elastisch abfängt.The composite floor covering 1 can, however, also form the top layer of a tennis court, with loose quartz sand and / or plastic granules being applied to the top layer. Depending on the subsurface, the substructure can be designed with or without drainage pipes. In such an embodiment, an elastic, dynamic layer is preferably arranged below the composite floor covering 1, which absorbs impacts elastically.
Allen oben erläuterten Ausführungsbeispielen ist gemeinsam, dass sie zumindest ein Filtervlies 2 aufweisen, das vorzugsweise an der Unterseite des Verbundbodenbelags 1 und insbesondere vollflächig bzgl. des Verbundbodenbelags angeordnet ist.All of the exemplary embodiments explained above have in common that they have at least one
Der Verbundbodenbelag 1 kann mit einer Reinigungsvorrichtung 17 regelmäßig gereinigt werden, um Schmutz aus den Poren des Verbundbodenbelags 1 und/oder dem Filtervlies 2 zu entfernen.The composite floor covering 1 can be cleaned regularly with a cleaning device 17 in order to remove dirt from the pores of the composite floor covering 1 and / or the
Die Reinigungsvorrichtung 17 weist hierzu einen Saug- bzw. Druckbalken 18 auf, welcher eine Saugdüse 19 und eine oder mehrere Reinigungsdüsen 20 aufweist. Die Saugdüse 19 ist an einem Saugrohr 21 angeschlossen, das zugleich als Halteeinrichtung für den Saug- bzw. Druckbalken 18 dient. Das Saugrohr 21 geht in eine Filtereinrichtung 22 über, in welcher angesaugtes Wasser vom Schmutz getrennt wird. Von der Filtereinrichtung 22 führt ein weiteres Saugrohr 23 weg, das an eine entsprechende Saugvorrichtung angeschlossen werden kann. Die Saugvorrichtung (nicht dargestellt) ist vorzugsweise in ein Straßenreinigungsfahrzeug integriert. Weiterhin ist eine Wasserleitung 24 vorgesehen, welche zu den Reinigungsdüsen 20 führt, an welchen das Wasser unter hohem Druck nach unten austritt. Die Wasserleitung 24 ist mit einer Wasserpumpe (nicht dargestellt) verbunden, mit welcher Wasser unter Druck zugeführt werden kann. In der Praxis hat sich gezeigt, dass ein Druck von über 100 bar sehr vorteilhaft ist.For this purpose, the cleaning device 17 has a suction or
Die Reinigungsdüsen 20 können außerhalb der Saugdüse 19 (
Der Saug- bzw. Druckbalken 18 wird beim Reinigen einige wenige Zentimeter über dem Verbundbodenbelag 1 angeordnet. Wasser oder eine wässrige Lösung wird mittels der Reinigungsdüsen 20 in den Verbundbodenbelag 1 unter Druck eingebracht. Mit der Saugdüse 19 wird das Reinigungswasser bzw. die wässrige Reinigungslösung abgesaugt. Hierdurch wird Schmutz, welcher sich in den Poren des Verbundbodenbelags 1 festgesetzt hat, gelöst und mitgenommen. Somit kann ein erfindungsgemäßer Verbundbodenbelag gereinigt und damit die Filterwirkung regeneriert werden.The suction or
Die Menge des zugeführten Wassers beträgt vorzugsweise mehr als 10 l/min, insbesondere mehr als 50 l/min und insbesondere mehr als 100 l/min. Die Menge an zugeführtem Wasser kann bis zu 150 l/min betragen.The amount of water supplied is preferably more than 10 l / min, in particular more than 50 l / min and in particular more than 100 l / min. The amount of water supplied can be up to 150 l / min.
Der erfindungsgemäße Verbundbodenbelag in Verbindung mit einer regelmäßigen Reinigung mit einer solchen Reinigungsvorrichtung 17 erlaubt eine dauerhafte Filterwirkung und damit eine dauerhafte Aufnahme von Staubpartikel, insbesondere von Gummiabrieb von Fahrzeugreifen auf der Straße, welcher zuverlässig mit dem Verbundbodenbelag aufgefangen werden kann.The composite flooring according to the invention in conjunction with regular cleaning with such a cleaning device 17 allows a permanent filter effect and thus permanent absorption of dust particles, in particular rubber abrasion from vehicle tires on the road, which can be reliably collected with the composite flooring.
Die verwendeten Vliese besitzen eine Porengröße von nicht mehr als 100 µm. Mit herkömmlichen Geweben, welche keine Vliese sind, sind derart kleine Porengrößen nicht möglich. Jedoch gibt es mittlerweile technische Gewebe, welche derart eng gewebt werden können, dass sie auch eine Porengröße von nicht mehr als 100 µm aufweisen. Diese technischen Gewebe werden auch als Vliese mit einer Porengröße von nicht mehr als 100 µm im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung betrachtet.The fleeces used have a pore size of no more than 100 µm. Such small pore sizes are not possible with conventional fabrics, which are not fleeces. However, there are now technical fabrics that can be woven so tightly that they also have a pore size of no more than 100 µm. These technical fabrics are also regarded as nonwovens with a pore size of no more than 100 μm in the context of the present invention.
- 11
- VerbundbodenbelagComposite flooring
- 22
- FiltervliesFilter fleece
- 33
- Innenliegender Filtervliesabschnitt für Grob- und FeinfiltrierungInner filter fleece section for coarse and fine filtration
- 44th
- Oberboden (Humus)Topsoil (humus)
- 55
- Ungebundene TragschichtUnbound base course
- 66
- Gebundene TragschichtBound base course
- 77th
- Ausformung als SickermuldeForming as a drainage basin
- 88th
- Humus-SandgemischHumus-sand mixture
- 99
- Kunstrasen FußballplatzArtificial grass soccer field
- 1010
- dynamische Schichtdynamic layer
- 1111
- Kiesgravel
- 1212
- DrainagerohrDrainage pipe
- 1313
- Deckschicht TennisplatzTop layer tennis court
- 1414th
- TragschichtBase course
- 1515th
- Wasserdurchlässige SchotterschichtWater-permeable gravel layer
- 1616
- SickerbeckenSeepage basin
- 1717th
- ReinigungsvorrichtungCleaning device
- 1818th
- Saug- bzw. DruckbalkenSuction or pressure bar
- 1919th
- SaugdüseSuction nozzle
- 2020th
- ReinigungsdüseCleaning nozzle
- 2121st
- SaugrohrSuction pipe
- 2222nd
- FiltereinrichtungFilter device
- 2323
- SaugrohrSuction pipe
- 2424
- WasserleitungWater pipe
Claims (15)
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Vlies (2) an der gesamten Unterseite des Verbundbodenbelags (1) angeordnet ist.Composite floor covering (1) according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the fleece (2) is arranged on the entire underside of the composite floor covering (1).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass in den durch den Verbundbodenbelag (1) ausgebildeten Körper zumindest ein Abschnitt des Vlieses (2, 3) integriert ist.Composite floor covering (1) according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that at least one section of the fleece (2, 3) is integrated into the body formed by the composite floor covering (1).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Porengröße des Vlieses (2, 3) kleiner als 75 µm und insbesondere kleiner als 50 µm ist.Composite floor covering (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that the pore size of the fleece (2, 3) is smaller than 75 µm and in particular smaller than 50 µm.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Verbundbodenbelag (1) mehrere Abschnitte des Vlieses aufweist.Composite floor covering (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
that the composite floor covering (1) has several sections of the fleece.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
einige der Abschnitte (3) des Vlieses innenliegend im Verbundbodenbelag (1) angeordnet sind.Composite floor covering (1) according to claim 5,
characterized,
some of the sections (3) of the fleece are arranged inside the composite floor covering (1).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass zumindest zwei der mehreren Abschnitte des Vlieses mit unterschiedlicher Porosität ausgebildet sind.Composite floor covering (1) according to claim 5 or 6,
characterized,
that at least two of the plurality of sections of the fleece are formed with different porosities.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass wobei die Porengröße des Verbundbodenbelags mit Ausnahme des Vlieses (2, 3) größer als 0,5 mm und insbesondere größer als 1 mm und vorzugsweise größer als 3 mm ist.Composite floor covering (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 7,
characterized,
that the pore size of the composite floor covering, with the exception of the fleece (2, 3), is greater than 0.5 mm and in particular greater than 1 mm and preferably greater than 3 mm.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Polymermaterial auf Basis von Polyurethan, Epoxy, Polyethen, Polypropylen oder einen Gemisch davon ausgebildet ist.Composite floor covering (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 8,
characterized,
that the polymer material is based on polyurethane, epoxy, polyethene, polypropylene or a mixture thereof.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Fahrbahnbankett oder der Straßenbelag als Verbundbodenbelag (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 ausgebildet ist.Road shoulder or road surface,
characterized,
that the road shoulder or the road surface is designed as a composite floor covering (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Reinigungsvorrichtung eine Filtereinrichtung zum Filtern des abgesaugten Wassers aufweist.Cleaning device according to claim 11,
characterized,
that the cleaning device has a filter device for filtering the extracted water.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Reinigungsvorrichtung mit einer Pumpe versehen ist, mit welcher Wasser oder eine wässrige Lösung mit einem Druck von zumindest 10 bar, insbesondere zumindest 20 bar bzw. zumindest 50 bar und vorzugsweise zumindest 100 bar der Düse zugeführt werden kann, und/oder dass die Reinigungsvorrichtung einen Saug- bzw. Druckbalken aufweist, in dem eine oder mehrere Reinigungsdüsen und/oder eine oder mehrere Saugdüsen integriert sind.Cleaning device according to claim 11 or 12,
characterized,
that the cleaning device is provided with a pump with which water or an aqueous solution can be fed to the nozzle at a pressure of at least 10 bar, in particular at least 20 bar or at least 50 bar and preferably at least 100 bar, and / or that the cleaning device has a suction or pressure bar in which one or more cleaning nozzles and / or one or more suction nozzles are integrated.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Straßenreinigungsfahrzeug eine Reinigungsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 13 aufweist.Street cleaning vehicle for cleaning a composite floor covering according to one of Claims 1 to 10,
characterized,
that the street cleaning vehicle has a cleaning device according to one of claims 11 to 13.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass Wasser oder eine wässrige Lösung dem Verbundbodenmaterial unter Druck zugeführt und wieder abgesaugt wird.Method for cleaning a composite floor covering according to one of Claims 1 to 10 with a cleaning device according to one of Claims 11 to 14,
characterized,
that water or an aqueous solution is fed to the composite flooring material under pressure and sucked off again.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AT601842019 | 2019-08-08 | ||
ATA51052/2019A AT522862A1 (en) | 2019-08-08 | 2019-12-02 | Composite flooring |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3772552A2 true EP3772552A2 (en) | 2021-02-10 |
EP3772552A3 EP3772552A3 (en) | 2021-06-30 |
Family
ID=71995883
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP20190121.2A Pending EP3772552A3 (en) | 2019-08-08 | 2020-08-07 | Porous composite floor covering and cleaning device |
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EP (1) | EP3772552A3 (en) |
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