EP3771609B1 - Sleeve buffer with partially sheathed tappet - Google Patents

Sleeve buffer with partially sheathed tappet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3771609B1
EP3771609B1 EP19188899.9A EP19188899A EP3771609B1 EP 3771609 B1 EP3771609 B1 EP 3771609B1 EP 19188899 A EP19188899 A EP 19188899A EP 3771609 B1 EP3771609 B1 EP 3771609B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sleeve
plunger
buffer
ram
sleeve buffer
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EP19188899.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3771609A1 (en
Inventor
Falk Schneider
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to ES19188899T priority Critical patent/ES2925245T3/en
Priority to HUE19188899A priority patent/HUE060184T2/en
Priority to EP19188899.9A priority patent/EP3771609B1/en
Priority to PL19188899.9T priority patent/PL3771609T3/en
Publication of EP3771609A1 publication Critical patent/EP3771609A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G11/00—Buffers
    • B61G11/14—Buffers absorbing shocks by mechanical friction action; Combinations of mechanical shock-absorbers and springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G11/00—Buffers
    • B61G11/16—Buffers absorbing shocks by permanent deformation of buffer element

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sleeve buffer for a movable or fixed support structure according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • sleeve buffers are, for example, by the EP 1 740 435 B1 famous. They usually comprise a first and a second guide part in the form of a ram and a sleeve, the ram being partly received in the sleeve, which has a larger diameter than the ram.
  • the sleeve buffer allows it to be resiliently compressed in the range of its normal buffer stroke. Such an impact on the sleeve buffer occurs, for example, when two rail vehicle carriages are coupled together.
  • the force is usually absorbed by a spring, the elasticity of which causes the plunger to return to its original position relative to the sleeve when the force is removed.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a sleeve buffer that can offer an even higher level of security.
  • the object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1, based on a sleeve buffer of the type mentioned.
  • the sleeve buffer according to the invention can be used for movable or fixed supporting structures.
  • Movable support structures are, in particular, rail vehicles, such as locomotives, freight cars or passenger train wagons, on the sides of which the sleeve buffers can be used as so-called side buffers to absorb shocks that can occur primarily in or against the direction of travel and mostly through contact with other rail vehicles or fixed supporting structures.
  • Corresponding rail vehicles typically bump into one another when the carriages are coupled.
  • Corresponding shocks can also occur when maneuvering.
  • So-called buffer stops which usually form a track closure and prevent a rail vehicle or wagon from rolling over the end of the rail and thus derailing, are typical fixed support structures. Accordingly, they can also be provided with sleeve buffers according to the invention.
  • the sleeve buffer according to the invention has a Power transmission element via which it can be elastically compressed in a certain area and also be able to relax again.
  • the sleeve buffer is not damaged within this normal point.
  • the sleeve buffer according to the invention also has the option of absorbing part of the kinetic energy that is transmitted during the impact, for example through a (plastic) deformation in terms of its structure, so that a Part of the shock is absorbed at least by the buffer.
  • the sleeve buffer is damaged or destroyed as a result, but little or no damage is caused to the supporting structure or to the rail vehicle.
  • the sleeve buffer therefore comprises at least a first and a second guide part, which are in the form of a sleeve and a ram, the ram being displaceable relative to the sleeve in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.
  • the guide part which moves relative to the other, is guided into one another by the bearing of the two guide parts.
  • the sleeve surrounds the ram, for example, and thus has a larger diameter, so that the ram can at least partially dip into the sleeve during said relative movement.
  • the sleeve and the ram overlap at least partially, so that as soon as the ram is impacted, it is immediately removed from the Sleeve can be performed and the movement of the plunger is at least partially predetermined.
  • the aforementioned transverse forces can also be at least partially supported by this overlapping area. That is, the force components of an impact perpendicular to the direction of travel are also at least partially absorbed by this overlapping arrangement of the plunger and sleeve.
  • the relative position between the ram and the sleeve, as it is in the state of a new sleeve buffer that has not yet been used, can be recorded, for example, by means of a marking.
  • the first or second guide part can have at least two sections, which are arranged one behind the other or are elongate and at least two of which are connected to one another by a predetermined breaking connection are.
  • these predetermined breaking connections are designed in such a way that in the event of impacts below the triggering force, the plunger is initially moved relative to the sleeve without the predetermined breaking connection breaking, whereby an elastic component such as a spring is compressed, which can expand again when the force is removed .
  • an elastic component such as a spring
  • the predetermined breaking connections are also made to tear. Part of the energy is consumed by breaking the predetermined break connections.
  • the plunger can be elastically telescoped completely into the sleeve and, when the release force is exceeded, the sleeve hits the back of the buffer plate; the sleeve can possibly peel outwards, so that this deformation in turn also entails energy consumption.
  • the sleeve buffer according to the invention is characterized in particular by the fact that the ram is divided into at least two ram sections in the longitudinal direction, namely at least a first and a second ram section.
  • the ram is mounted in the sleeve and partially overlaps with it in the area of the second ram section.
  • the second plunger portion may be fully or partially received within the sleeve.
  • the first ram section has a recess at least in sections, through which it is initially reduced in diameter compared to the second ram section. This recess in turn carries an encasing structure.
  • this casing structure can provide increased friction or improved support when transverse forces occur due to impacts.
  • a structural change is proposed in an advantageous manner, which does not require additional components such as predetermined breaking points, spring elements or the like, but is nevertheless associated with higher energy consumption due to the increased friction. This means that even if the release force is exceeded, more energy can be consumed due to increased friction.
  • the same structure can also advantageously be used to do this have a positive effect that lateral forces can be better supported, because the increased friction impacts and the sleeve tilt better with each other.
  • the plunger is made from a different material than the casing structure.
  • the ram is made from gray cast iron while the enclosing structure is made from steel.
  • the encasing structure it is also conceivable for the encasing structure to only be designed with a corrugated or other profile, so that the surface profile in this area increases the friction.
  • the diameter of the encasing structure can also be thicker than that of the second plunger section.
  • figure 1 shows a sleeve buffer 1 according to the invention, which has a ram 2 as a guide part, which is mounted in the sleeve 3, i.e. also has a smaller diameter than the inner diameter of the sleeve 3 another rail vehicle can be coupled later, in a buffer plate 4.
  • the ram can be divided into two ram sections 5, 6.
  • area 5 the actual ram 2 is initially thinner than in area 6, ie the ram includes a here in the outer area Recess, in which an encasing structure 7 is introduced, which surrounds the ram 2 in the area 5. Since this area 5 has a higher level of friction during a movement along the inner surface of the sleeve 4, the sleeve buffer 1 enables additional energy consumption and energy that occurs in the event of an impact can be consumed.
  • the ram 2 e.g. when coupling wagons
  • the ram 2 exerts a force on the extension sleeve 8, to which it is connected via predetermined breaking points S.
  • the spring 9 is elastically compressed.
  • the extension sleeve 8 is supported on the sleeve 3 via the projections 10 .
  • the sleeve 3 is firmly connected to the support frame 11 on which the spring 9 is also supported.
  • the plunger 2 does not penetrate further than the transition L between the areas 5 and 6 into the sleeve 3.
  • the predetermined breaking connections S also break.
  • the enclosing structure 7 ensures increased friction with the inner surface of the sleeve 3.
  • the sleeve buffer according to the invention is therefore characterized in that it offers an additional friction surface, which ensures further energy consumption.
  • it can also be combined with other measures for energy absorption, such as with structures built up in sections that are connected via predetermined breaking points or by using cutting tools that can peel off parts of the inner or outer shell structure, for example.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)
  • Bearings For Parts Moving Linearly (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Hülsenpuffer für bewegliche oder feste Tragstruktur nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a sleeve buffer for a movable or fixed support structure according to the preamble of claim 1.

Aus dem Stand der Technik sind derartige Hülsenpuffer beispielsweise durch die EP 1 740 435 B1 bekannt. Sie umfassen in der Regel ein erstes und ein zweites Führungsteil in Form eines Stößels und einer Hülse, wobei der Stößel teilweise in die Hülse, die einen größeren Durchmesser als der Stößel aufweist, aufgenommen ist. Der Hülsenpuffer erlaubt es, im Bereich seines normalen Pufferhubs elastisch zusammengedrückt zu werden. Ein derartiger Stoß auf den Hülsenpuffer kommt etwa zustande, wenn zwei Schienenfahrzeug-Wagen zusammengekoppelt werden. Die Kraft wird in der Regel von einer Feder aufgenommen, deren Elastizität bewirkt, dass bei Aufhebung der Krafteinwirkung der Stößel gegenüber der Hülse wieder in seine ursprüngliche Position zurückkehrt. Der Stößel taucht also bei Auftreten einer solchen Stoßes zum Teil in die Hülse ein und wird bei Aufhebung der Kraftwirkung sich wieder aus der Hülse entsprechend heraus bewegen. Treten bei Unfallsituationen zum Beispiel Stöße mit größerer Wucht auf, so ermöglicht ein solcher Hülsenpuffer, dass zumindest ein Teil der Energie von der Pufferstruktur selbst aufgenommen wird, in dem einzelne Strukturen plastisch verformt werden oder brechen. Dieser irreversible Vorgang bedeutet einen Energieverzehr. Weitere Hülsenpuffer dieser Art sind aus der DE 52 175 A1 und der FR 2 775 240 A1 bekannt.From the prior art, such sleeve buffers are, for example, by the EP 1 740 435 B1 famous. They usually comprise a first and a second guide part in the form of a ram and a sleeve, the ram being partly received in the sleeve, which has a larger diameter than the ram. The sleeve buffer allows it to be resiliently compressed in the range of its normal buffer stroke. Such an impact on the sleeve buffer occurs, for example, when two rail vehicle carriages are coupled together. The force is usually absorbed by a spring, the elasticity of which causes the plunger to return to its original position relative to the sleeve when the force is removed. When such an impact occurs, the plunger is partially immersed in the sleeve and will move out of the sleeve again when the force is removed. If, for example, impacts with greater force occur in accident situations, such a sleeve buffer makes it possible for at least part of the energy to be absorbed by the buffer structure itself, in that individual structures are plastically deformed or break. This irreversible process means energy consumption. More sleeve buffers of this type are from the DE 52 175 A1 and the FR 2 775 240 A1 famous.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Hülsenpuffer bereitzustellen, der ein noch höheres Maß an Sicherheit bieten kann.The object of the invention is to provide a sleeve buffer that can offer an even higher level of security.

Die Aufgabe wird, ausgehend von einem Hülsenpuffer der eingangs genannten Art, durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1, based on a sleeve buffer of the type mentioned.

Durch die in den abhängigen Ansprüchen genannten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Ausführungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung möglich.Advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention are possible as a result of the measures specified in the dependent claims.

Der erfindungsgemäße Hülsenpuffer kann grundsätzlich für bewegliche oder feste Tragstrukturen eingesetzt werden. Bei beweglichen Tragstrukturen handelt es sich insbesondere um Schienenfahrzeuge, beispielsweise Lokomotiven, Güterwagen oder Reisezugwaggons, an deren Seiten die Hülsenpuffer als sogenannte Seitenpuffer eingesetzt werden können, um Stöße aufzunehmen, die vor allem in bzw. entgegen der Fahrtrichtung auftreten können und meist durch den Kontakt mit anderen Schienenfahrzeugen oder festen Tragstrukturen verursacht werden. Typischerweise stoßen entsprechende Schienenfahrzeuge beim Koppeln der Wagen aneinander. Auch beim Rangieren können entsprechende Stöße auftreten.In principle, the sleeve buffer according to the invention can be used for movable or fixed supporting structures. Movable support structures are, in particular, rail vehicles, such as locomotives, freight cars or passenger train wagons, on the sides of which the sleeve buffers can be used as so-called side buffers to absorb shocks that can occur primarily in or against the direction of travel and mostly through contact with other rail vehicles or fixed supporting structures. Corresponding rail vehicles typically bump into one another when the carriages are coupled. Corresponding shocks can also occur when maneuvering.

Sogenannte Prellböcke, die in der Regel ein Gleisabschluss bilden und verhindern, dass ein Schienenfahrzeug bzw. ein Wagen über das Ende der Schiene hinaus rollt und somit entgleist, sind typische feste Tragstrukturen. Dementsprechend können auch sie mit erfindungsgemäßen Hülsenpuffern versehen sein.So-called buffer stops, which usually form a track closure and prevent a rail vehicle or wagon from rolling over the end of the rail and thus derailing, are typical fixed support structures. Accordingly, they can also be provided with sleeve buffers according to the invention.

Im ungünstigsten Fall können derartige Stöße aber auch bei ungewollten Kollisionen auftreten, wenn also Züge bzw. Wagen ungeplant und gegebenenfalls auch ohne hinreichende Drosselung der Geschwindigkeit aufeinanderprallen. In der Regel verfügt der Hülsenpuffer gemäß der Erfindung zwar über ein Kraftübertragungselement, über das er elastisch in einem bestimmten Bereich reversibel zusammengedrückt und sich auch wieder entspannen kann. Innerhalb dieses normalen Punktes wird der Hülsenpuffer somit im Regelfall nicht beschädigt. Sind die Stoßkräfte jedoch zu hoch, etwa bei einem Unfall, so verfügt der erfindungsgemäße Hülsenpuffer darüber hinaus über die Möglichkeit, einen Teil der kinetischen Energie, die beim Aufprall übertragen wird, aufzunehmen, etwa durch eine (plastische) Deformation hinsichtlich seiner Struktur, sodass ein Teil des Stoßes zumindest durch den Puffer aufgenommen wird. Einerseits wird dadurch zwar der Hülsenpuffer beschädigt bzw. zerstört, dafür wird aber kein oder ein geringerer Schaden an der Tragstruktur bzw. am Schienenfahrzeug verursacht.In the most unfavorable case, however, such impacts can also occur in the event of unwanted collisions, ie when trains or wagons collide unplanned and possibly also without adequately reducing the speed. In general, the sleeve buffer according to the invention has a Power transmission element via which it can be elastically compressed in a certain area and also be able to relax again. As a rule, the sleeve buffer is not damaged within this normal point. However, if the impact forces are too high, for example in an accident, the sleeve buffer according to the invention also has the option of absorbing part of the kinetic energy that is transmitted during the impact, for example through a (plastic) deformation in terms of its structure, so that a Part of the shock is absorbed at least by the buffer. On the one hand, the sleeve buffer is damaged or destroyed as a result, but little or no damage is caused to the supporting structure or to the rail vehicle.

Bei den in der Praxis auftretenden Stößen kann nicht immer davon ausgegangen werden, dass diese exakt parallel zur Fahrtrichtung auftreten. Denkbar ist insbesondere, dass Querkräfte auf den Hülsenpuffer einwirken, sei es bei Stößen in bzw. während Kurvenfahrten oder beim Zusammenprall unterschiedlich gearteter Puffer oder dergleichen. Der Hülsenpuffer umfasst daher wenigstens ein erstes und ein zweites Führungsteil, die in Form einer Hülse und eines Stößels vorliegen, wobei der Stößel relativ zur Hülse in Fahrzeuglängsrichtung verschiebbar ist. Das Führungsteil, sich relativ zu dem anderen bewegt, wird durch die Lagerung der beiden Führungsteile ineinander geführt. Je nach Ausführungsform umgibt beispielsweise die Hülse den Stößel, besitzt also einen größeren Durchmesser, sodass bei der genannten Relativbewegung der Stößel zumindest teilweise in die Hülse eintauchen kann.With the impacts that occur in practice, it cannot always be assumed that they occur exactly parallel to the direction of travel. In particular, it is conceivable that transverse forces act on the sleeve buffer, be it in the event of impacts in or while cornering or when buffers of different types collide or the like. The sleeve buffer therefore comprises at least a first and a second guide part, which are in the form of a sleeve and a ram, the ram being displaceable relative to the sleeve in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. The guide part, which moves relative to the other, is guided into one another by the bearing of the two guide parts. Depending on the embodiment, the sleeve surrounds the ram, for example, and thus has a larger diameter, so that the ram can at least partially dip into the sleeve during said relative movement.

Bereits im unbelasteten Zustand, ohne Auftreten einer Stoßkraft, überlappen Hülse und Stößel zumindest teilweise, sodass, sobald ein Stoß auf den Stößel auftritt, dieser unmittelbar von der Hülse geführt werden kann und die Bewegung des Stößels zumindest teilweise vorgegeben ist. Durch diesen Überlappungsbereich können zudem aber auch die zuvor genannten Querkräfte zumindest teilweise abgestützt werden. D.h., Kraftkomponenten eines Stoßes senkrecht zur Fahrtrichtung werden durch diese überlappende Anordnung von Stößel und Hülse ebenfalls zumindest teilweise aufgenommen. Die relative Position zwischen Stößel und Hülse, wie sie im Zustand eines neuen, noch nicht verwendeten Hülsenpuffers vorliegt, kann z.B. über eine Markierung festgehalten werden.Even in the unloaded state, without the occurrence of an impact force, the sleeve and the ram overlap at least partially, so that as soon as the ram is impacted, it is immediately removed from the Sleeve can be performed and the movement of the plunger is at least partially predetermined. In addition, the aforementioned transverse forces can also be at least partially supported by this overlapping area. That is, the force components of an impact perpendicular to the direction of travel are also at least partially absorbed by this overlapping arrangement of the plunger and sleeve. The relative position between the ram and the sleeve, as it is in the state of a new sleeve buffer that has not yet been used, can be recorded, for example, by means of a marking.

Um bei einem Stoß, bei dem die Auslösekraft überschritten wird, definierte Maßnahmen zum Energieverzehr bereitzustellen, können zum Beispiel erstes bzw. zweites Führungsteil wenigstens zwei Abschnitte aufweisen, die insbesondere hintereinander angeordnet bzw. länglich ausgebildet sind und von denen wenigstens zwei durch eine Sollbruchverbindung miteinander verbunden sind. Idealerweise sind diese Sollbruchverbindungen so ausgelegt, dass bei Stößen unterhalb der Auslösekraft zunächst der Stößel relativ zur Hülse bewegt wird, ohne dass die Sollbruchverbindung aufbricht, wobei eine elastische Komponente wie zum Beispiel eine Feder gestaucht wird, die sich bei Aufhebung der Kraftwirkung aber wiederum ausdehnen kann. Wird die Auslösekraft aber überschritten, so wird nicht nur die Feder entsprechend gestaucht, sondern auch die Sollbruchverbindungen zum Reißen gebracht. Ein Teil der Energie wird dabei durch das Aufbrechen Sollbruchverbindungen verbraucht. Denkbar sind aber auch noch weitere Varianten, die zum Energieverzehr bei Überschreiten der Auslösekraft eingesetzt werden könnten. Zum Beispiel ist es denkbar, dass der Stößel elastisch vollständig in die Hülse teleskopiert werden kann und bei Überschreiten der Auslösekraft die Hülse auf die Rückseite des Puffertellers stößt; dabei kann sich die Hülse gegebenenfalls nach außen hin aufschälen, sodass diese Deformation wiederum ebenfalls ein Energieverzehr mit sich bringt.In order to provide defined measures for energy absorption in the event of an impact in which the triggering force is exceeded, the first or second guide part can have at least two sections, which are arranged one behind the other or are elongate and at least two of which are connected to one another by a predetermined breaking connection are. Ideally, these predetermined breaking connections are designed in such a way that in the event of impacts below the triggering force, the plunger is initially moved relative to the sleeve without the predetermined breaking connection breaking, whereby an elastic component such as a spring is compressed, which can expand again when the force is removed . However, if the release force is exceeded, not only is the spring compressed accordingly, but the predetermined breaking connections are also made to tear. Part of the energy is consumed by breaking the predetermined break connections. However, other variants are also conceivable, which could be used to absorb energy when the triggering force is exceeded. For example, it is conceivable that the plunger can be elastically telescoped completely into the sleeve and, when the release force is exceeded, the sleeve hits the back of the buffer plate; the sleeve can possibly peel outwards, so that this deformation in turn also entails energy consumption.

Denkbar sind grundsätzlich auch weitere Maßnahmen, die einen Energieverzehr bewirken können, zum Beispiel, dass ein Werkzeug eingesetzt wird, das für eine Deformation bzw. eine spanende Bearbeitung sorgt. Denkbar ist auch, dass eine Halterungsebene innerhalb des Hülsenpuffers oder eine Verbindung zum Tragrahmen besteht, die ebenfalls mit Sollbruchstellen versehen ist.In principle, other measures are also conceivable that can cause energy consumption, for example using a tool that ensures deformation or machining. It is also conceivable that there is a mounting plane within the sleeve buffer or a connection to the support frame, which is also provided with predetermined breaking points.

Der erfindungsgemäße Hülsenpuffer zeichnet sich insbesondere dadurch aus, dass der Stößel in Längsrichtung in mindestens zwei Stößelabschnitte aufgeteilt wird, nämlich mindestens einen ersten und einen zweiten Stößelabschnitt. Der Stößel ist dabei in der Hülse gelagert und überlappt teilweise mit dieser im Bereich des zweiten Stößelabschnitts. Der zweite Stößelabschnitt kann vollständig in der Hülse aufgenommen sein oder teilweise. In seiner Materialstruktur weist der erste Stößelabschnitt wenigstens abschnittsweise eine Ausnehmung auf, durch welche er zunächst gegenüber dem zweiten Stößelabschnitt im Durchmesser verringert ist. Diese Ausnehmung wiederum trägt eine ummantelnde Struktur. Wird der Stößel so weit in die Hülse eingeschoben, dass die Hülse mit dem ersten Stößelabschnitt überlappt, kann diese Ummantelungsstruktur für eine erhöhte Reibung oder eine verbesserte Abstützung beim Auftreten von stoßbedingten Querkräften sorgen werden. Hierdurch wird in vorteilhafter Weise eine strukturelle Änderung vorgeschlagen, welche ohne zusätzliche Bauelemente wie Sollbruchstellen, Federelemente oder dergleichen auskommt, dennoch aber infolge der erhöhten Reibung mit einem höheren Energieverzehr verbunden ist. Das bedeutet, dass auch bei Überschreiten der Auslösekraft durch eine erhöhte Reibung mehr Energie verbraucht werden kann. Die gleiche Struktur kann sich auch in vorteilhafter Weise dahingehend positiv auswirken, dass Querkräfte besser abgestützt werden können, weil durch die erhöhte Reibungsstöße und Hülse besser miteinander verkanten.The sleeve buffer according to the invention is characterized in particular by the fact that the ram is divided into at least two ram sections in the longitudinal direction, namely at least a first and a second ram section. The ram is mounted in the sleeve and partially overlaps with it in the area of the second ram section. The second plunger portion may be fully or partially received within the sleeve. In its material structure, the first ram section has a recess at least in sections, through which it is initially reduced in diameter compared to the second ram section. This recess in turn carries an encasing structure. If the ram is pushed into the sleeve to such an extent that the sleeve overlaps the first ram section, this casing structure can provide increased friction or improved support when transverse forces occur due to impacts. In this way, a structural change is proposed in an advantageous manner, which does not require additional components such as predetermined breaking points, spring elements or the like, but is nevertheless associated with higher energy consumption due to the increased friction. This means that even if the release force is exceeded, more energy can be consumed due to increased friction. The same structure can also advantageously be used to do this have a positive effect that lateral forces can be better supported, because the increased friction impacts and the sleeve tilt better with each other.

Bei einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist der Stößel aus einem anderen Material ausgebildet als die Ummantelungsstruktur. Beispielsweise ist es möglich, den Stößel aus Graugusseisen auszubilden, während die ummantelnde Struktur aus Stahl gefertigt ist. Grundsätzlich ist es auch denkbar, die ummantelnde Struktur lediglich mit einem geriffelten oder einem sonstigen Profil auszubilden, sodass durch das Oberflächenprofil in diesem Bereich die Reibung erhöht wird. Die ummantelnde Struktur kann in ihrem Durchmesser auch dicker ausgebildet sein als der zweite Stößelabschnitt.In a preferred development of the invention, the plunger is made from a different material than the casing structure. For example, it is possible to form the ram from gray cast iron while the enclosing structure is made from steel. In principle, it is also conceivable for the encasing structure to only be designed with a corrugated or other profile, so that the surface profile in this area increases the friction. The diameter of the encasing structure can also be thicker than that of the second plunger section.

Ausführungsbeispielexample

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird nachstehend unter Angabe weiterer Einzelheiten und Vorteile näher erläutert. Im Einzelnen zeigt:

Figur 1:
einen Hülsenpuffer gemäß der Erfindung.
An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and will be explained in more detail below with further details and advantages. In detail shows:
Figure 1:
a sleeve buffer according to the invention.

Figur 1 zeigt einen Hülsenpuffer 1 gem. der Erfindung, der eine Stößel 2 als Führungsteil aufweist, das in der Hülse 3 gelagert ist, also auch einen geringeren Durchmesser aufweist als der Innendurchmesser der Hülse 3. Der Stößel 2 mündet auf einer Seite, auf der z.B. ein anderes Schienenfahrzeug später angekoppelt werden kann, in einem Pufferteller 4. Der Stößel lässt sich in zwei Stößelabschnitte 5, 6 unterteilen. Im Bereich 5 ist der eigentliche Stößel 2 zunächst dünner ausgebildet als im Bereich 6, d.h. der Stößel umfasst hier im Außenbereich eine Ausnehmung, in welche eine ummantenlnde Struktur 7 eingebracht ist, die den Stößel 2 im Bereich 5 umgibt. Da dieser Bereich 5 eine höhere Reibung bei einer Bewegung entlang des Innenmantels der Hülse 4 aufweist, ermöglicht der Hülsenpuffer 1 einen zusätzlichen Energieverzehr und bei einem Stoß auftretende Energie kann verbraucht werden. figure 1 shows a sleeve buffer 1 according to the invention, which has a ram 2 as a guide part, which is mounted in the sleeve 3, i.e. also has a smaller diameter than the inner diameter of the sleeve 3 another rail vehicle can be coupled later, in a buffer plate 4. The ram can be divided into two ram sections 5, 6. In area 5, the actual ram 2 is initially thinner than in area 6, ie the ram includes a here in the outer area Recess, in which an encasing structure 7 is introduced, which surrounds the ram 2 in the area 5. Since this area 5 has a higher level of friction during a movement along the inner surface of the sleeve 4, the sleeve buffer 1 enables additional energy consumption and energy that occurs in the event of an impact can be consumed.

Beim normalen Pufferhub, bei dem der Stößel 2 (z.B. beim Koppeln von Wagen) in die Hülse 3 gedrückt wird, übt der Stößel 2 eine Kraft auf die Verlängerungshülse 8 aus, mit der er über Sollbruchstellen S verbunden ist. Dabei wird die Feder 9 elastisch zusammengedrückt. Die Verlängerungshülse 8 wird über die Auskragungen 10 an der Hülse 3 abgestützt. Die Hülse 3 ist fest mit dem Tragrahmen 11 verbunden, an dem sich auch die Feder 9 abstützt. Der Stößel 2 dringt aber beim normalen Pufferhub, bei dem er elastisch über die Feder 9 wieder in die ursprüngliche Lage gelangen kann, nicht weiter als bis zum Übergang L zwischen den Bereichen 5 und 6 in die Hülse 3.During the normal buffer stroke, in which the ram 2 (e.g. when coupling wagons) is pressed into the sleeve 3, the ram 2 exerts a force on the extension sleeve 8, to which it is connected via predetermined breaking points S. The spring 9 is elastically compressed. The extension sleeve 8 is supported on the sleeve 3 via the projections 10 . The sleeve 3 is firmly connected to the support frame 11 on which the spring 9 is also supported. However, during the normal buffer stroke, during which it can return to its original position elastically via the spring 9, the plunger 2 does not penetrate further than the transition L between the areas 5 and 6 into the sleeve 3.

Wird die Auslösekraft überschritten, brechen auch die Sollbruchverbindungen S. Die ummantelnde Struktur 7 sorgt für eine erhöhte Reibung mit dem Innenmantel der Hülse 3.If the triggering force is exceeded, the predetermined breaking connections S also break. The enclosing structure 7 ensures increased friction with the inner surface of the sleeve 3.

Der erfindungsgemäße Hülsenpuffer zeichnet sich also dadurch aus, dass er eine zusätzliche Reibefläche bietet, die für weiteren Energieverbrauch sorgt. Er kann aber auch mit weiteren Maßnahmen zum Energieverzehr kombiniert werden, wie beispielsweise mit abschnittsweise aufgebauten Strukturen, die über Sollbruchstellen verbunden sind oder durch Verwendung spanabhebender Werkzeuge, die z.B. Teile der Innnen- oder Außenmantelstruktur abschälen können.The sleeve buffer according to the invention is therefore characterized in that it offers an additional friction surface, which ensures further energy consumption. However, it can also be combined with other measures for energy absorption, such as with structures built up in sections that are connected via predetermined breaking points or by using cutting tools that can peel off parts of the inner or outer shell structure, for example.

Bezugszeichen:References:

11
Hülsenpuffersleeve buffer
22
Stößelpestle
33
Hülsesleeve
44
Puffertellerbuffer plate
55
erster Stößelabschnittfirst plunger section
66
zweiter Stößelabschnittsecond plunger section
77
ummantelnde Strukturencasing structure
88th
Verlängerungshülseextension sleeve
99
FederFeather
1010
Auskragungcantilever
1111
Tragstruktursupporting structure
LL
Grenze zwischen StößelabschnittenBoundary between ram sections
SS
Sollbruchverbindungenbreakable connections

Claims (2)

  1. Sleeve buffer (1) for movable or fixed supporting structures (11), in particular of railway vehicles, having a first and a second guide part (2, 3) in the form of a sleeve (3) and a plunger (2), wherein the sleeve (3) can be fastened to the supporting structure (11) in a stationary manner and the plunger (2) can be displaced in the longitudinal vehicle direction relative to the sleeve (3) and guided by the sleeve (3) during its displacement movement, and having a force transmission member (9) for the flexible coupling of the plunger (2) with the supporting structure (11), wherein at least one of the two guide parts comprises two or more elongate portions (2, 8) arranged behind one another which are connected to one another in the region of their adjacent front ends by one or more predetermined breaking connection(s) (S) in each case and exhibit different cross-sectional dimensions, in such a manner that when a given impact force on the sleeve buffer (1) is exceeded, the predetermined breaking connection(s) (S) shears off or shear off and the elongate portions (2, 8) are pushed into one another telescopically, wherein the plunger (2) has a smaller diameter than the sleeve (3), wherein the plunger is divided into at least two plunger portions (5, 6) in the longitudinal direction, namely at least a first and a second plunger portion, wherein the second plunger portion (6) is arranged in an overlapping manner with the sleeve (3) when there is no impact force effect on the sleeve buffer (1), characterized in that the first plunger portion (5) has a recess at least in part which makes it smaller in diameter by comparison with the second plunger portion (6), wherein a structure (7) which surrounds and/or encases the plunger at least partially, in particular completely, is inserted in the recess, in order to increase the friction-induced energy absorption between the plunger (2) and sleeve (3) during impacts on the sleeve buffer (1) and/or to improve the support when impact-induced transverse forces occur.
  2. Sleeve buffer (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the encasing structure (7) is formed from a different material to the plunger (2), wherein the plunger is particularly formed from grey cast iron and the encasing structure is produced at least in part from steel.
EP19188899.9A 2019-07-29 2019-07-29 Sleeve buffer with partially sheathed tappet Active EP3771609B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES19188899T ES2925245T3 (en) 2019-07-29 2019-07-29 Stop with box-guide with pusher covered by sections
HUE19188899A HUE060184T2 (en) 2019-07-29 2019-07-29 Sleeve buffer with partially sheathed tappet
EP19188899.9A EP3771609B1 (en) 2019-07-29 2019-07-29 Sleeve buffer with partially sheathed tappet
PL19188899.9T PL3771609T3 (en) 2019-07-29 2019-07-29 Sleeve buffer with partially sheathed tappet

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19188899.9A EP3771609B1 (en) 2019-07-29 2019-07-29 Sleeve buffer with partially sheathed tappet

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3771609A1 EP3771609A1 (en) 2021-02-03
EP3771609B1 true EP3771609B1 (en) 2022-05-18

Family

ID=67543982

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19188899.9A Active EP3771609B1 (en) 2019-07-29 2019-07-29 Sleeve buffer with partially sheathed tappet

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3771609B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2925245T3 (en)
HU (1) HUE060184T2 (en)
PL (1) PL3771609T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115009317B (en) * 2022-06-02 2024-04-09 南京浦汇车辆配件有限公司 Energy absorbing structure of railway vehicle cab

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1404401A (en) * 1961-05-17 1965-07-02 Dietrich & Cie De Friction pad for railway equipment
FR2775240B1 (en) * 1998-02-25 2000-12-22 Nantes Ecole Centrale IMPROVEMENT IN MOUNTING BUFFER BUFFERS FOR RAIL VEHICLES
DE10252175A1 (en) * 2002-11-09 2004-05-27 Sieghard Schneider Plunger buffer for rolling stock has plunger consisting of long parts connected via break-off points for controlled deformation when subjected to excess impact force
EP1740435B1 (en) 2004-04-27 2008-04-23 Sieghard Schneider Plunger buffer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HUE060184T2 (en) 2023-02-28
PL3771609T3 (en) 2022-11-07
EP3771609A1 (en) 2021-02-03
ES2925245T3 (en) 2022-10-14

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