EP3765806B1 - Nozzle box for a drying device for drying plate-like materials - Google Patents

Nozzle box for a drying device for drying plate-like materials Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3765806B1
EP3765806B1 EP19720360.7A EP19720360A EP3765806B1 EP 3765806 B1 EP3765806 B1 EP 3765806B1 EP 19720360 A EP19720360 A EP 19720360A EP 3765806 B1 EP3765806 B1 EP 3765806B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drying
nozzle box
air
nozzles
nozzle
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EP19720360.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3765806A1 (en
Inventor
Christoph Straetmans
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Grenzebach BSH GmbH
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Grenzebach BSH GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • F26B3/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour circulating over or surrounding the materials or objects to be dried
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B13/00—Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement
    • F26B13/10—Arrangements for feeding, heating or supporting materials; Controlling movement, tension or position of materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
    • F26B15/10—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions
    • F26B15/12—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
    • F26B15/10—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions
    • F26B15/12—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F26B15/122—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined the objects or batches of material being carried by transversely moving rollers or rods which may rotate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
    • F26B23/02—Heating arrangements using combustion heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/28—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun
    • F26B3/283—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun in combination with convection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a nozzle box which can be arranged in a drying device in the transverse direction to boards to be dried in the drying device by means of drying air, which has a conical shape in at least one direction perpendicular to the direction of flow of the drying air in the nozzle box and which has a nozzle provided, the drying surface facing the board, the drying air flowing onto the board from a plurality of nozzles arranged in rows in the drying surface.
  • a drying device is used for drying panels, which can be guided in tiers through a drying space encompassed by the drying device, the panels in the drying device being brought into contact for drying by drying air generated in a ceiling box and then introduced into nozzle boxes via a pressure space and the drying air can be discharged from the panels via a suction chamber after moisture has been absorbed.
  • the drying of board-like materials such as gypsum boards is preferably carried out by predominantly convective heat transfer in the form of heated air flowing over them.
  • the panels which are usually arranged over several levels, are guided through the dryer with the help of conveyors such as roller conveyors or filter belts.
  • drying systems are usually operated in circulating air mode. The drying air is brought to the panels several times and heated up again after each contact. In this way, the air is increasingly enriched with moisture, only a small part of the drying air is released into the environment as exhaust air in order to remove moisture and smoke gases into the environment.
  • a distinguishing feature of different types of dryer is the type of air flow over the drying material.
  • the air can essentially be guided to the plate in the form of a transverse ventilation, a longitudinal ventilation, or a so-called impingement jet ventilation.
  • the drying air is guided over the material to be dried from the side, across the conveying direction of the board-like material. As the drying air cools down more and more on its way over the material to be dried, This results in different drying speeds across the width. For this reason, this method is not used for sensitive materials such as plasterboard.
  • longitudinal ventilation the drying air travels a long way along the longitudinal axis of the dryer, flows over the board, dries it and cools it down considerably. The drying air can thus be discharged at low temperatures, energetically particularly favorable near the dew point of the drying air. Condensation heat can then be used in a targeted manner to heat fresh air with the help of a heat exchanger.
  • the drying air is brought in from the side of the drying system in nozzle boxes, also known as drying chambers, and blown perpendicularly onto the surface of the drying material via air outlet nozzles. From there, this air flows to the opposite side of the drying system.
  • nozzle boxes also known as drying chambers
  • Dryers that work according to a similar structure are now widespread worldwide.
  • One of its advantages is that the desired drying temperature and climate can be freely selected over the length of the dryer due to the construction of many relatively short drying chambers, each of which can be ventilated and heated individually. In this way, the drying conditions can be adapted to the needs of the material to be dried.
  • the dryer is also z. B. with product changes, excellent controllable.
  • Such a plant is in the DE 19 46 696 A described for drying gypsum boards.
  • a drying chamber is designed in such a way that the highest possible heat input and the most uniform drying possible across the width of the drying material are guaranteed.
  • a drying system in which a two-stage drying process is used.
  • the second drying stage is heated with the interposition of a heat exchanger from the exhaust air from the first drying stage.
  • the panels should be dried in the first drying stage at high temperature and high humidity and in the second drying stage at relatively low temperature and low humidity.
  • the first stage is longitudinally ventilated
  • the second stage is transversely ventilated.
  • a method for drying panels that are guided in tiers through a device divided into drying chambers, the panels being brought into contact with the drying air in a drying device by means of impingement jet ventilation, and the impingement jet ventilation being ensured by means of cross-ventilated nozzle boxes.
  • the drying device is a main drying stage or a final drying stage in a drying plant.
  • a drying plant can have a plurality of drying zones functioning according to the principle of impingement jet ventilation, as shown in FIG DE 10 2005 017 187 B4 is known.
  • drying operation can be set in which the power consumption is not higher than with a state-of-the-art drying process, but the drying is still significantly more intensive than with the standard version. Better drying is thus achieved with the same power consumption.
  • the advantage of the nozzle box designed according to the invention is a significant reduction in zones of the plates that are too hot in the side area thereof.
  • a drying device equipped with nozzle boxes constructed according to the invention can be put into operation with less effort than conventional drying devices.
  • the maintenance effort is also reduced.
  • the air distribution over the dryer space, which is formed by a plurality of floors with nozzle boxes arranged next to one another, is improved. A higher pressure loss is caused at the nozzles; the circulating air of the drying air is reduced.
  • plate-shaped materials can be dried gently by means of impingement jet ventilation using less energy than in the prior art.
  • the nozzles have a diameter of less than 10 mm, uniform drying is also promoted.
  • the speed of the drying air emerging from the nozzles is advantageously between 17 and 21 m/s.
  • the air flow is evened out by choosing a distance of more than 60 mm between the nozzles.
  • the nozzles are advantageously arranged in three rows running in the longitudinal direction of the nozzle box.
  • the rows are 55mm to 80mm apart.
  • the nozzle boxes are constructed conically only in the vertical spatial direction, or they are also conically constructed in a further direction relative to the flow direction of the drying air in the nozzle boxes.
  • a radiation plate is additionally arranged on its two long sides to the side of the rows of nozzles in the direction of the boards to be dried. As a result, they improve drying in the side area of the nozzle box because they focus the radiant heat from the nozzle box in the direction of the gypsum board.
  • the distance between the nozzles and the plates is preferably at least 22 mm and reaches a maximum value of 50 mm.
  • the invention also relates to a drying device for drying panels, which can be guided in tiers through a drying space comprised by the drying device, the panels in the drying device being brought into contact for drying by drying air generated in a ceiling box and then introduced into nozzle boxes via a pressure space and the drying air, after absorbing moisture from the boards, can be discharged via a suction chamber, the drying device being characterized in that it has a plurality of nozzle boxes which are constructed as stated above.
  • a drying device ( 1 ) of a cross-ventilated gypsum board cooler flows drying air, the flow direction of which is indicated by arrows.
  • Preheated fresh air is fed to a burner 1 as combustion air 2 .
  • the air heated by the burner 1 is conveyed via a circulating air fan 4 into a pressure chamber 5.
  • the pressure chamber 5 is used to evenly distribute the air to the individual floors of a drying room 6.
  • the air is first pressed into nozzle boxes 7, from which it passes Perforated nozzles, which are arranged on the top or bottom of the nozzle boxes, vertically Plasterboard 8 or other panels to be dried is blown.
  • the plates 8 rest on support rollers and are transported by means of a transport device (not explained in detail here) perpendicular to the viewing plane of 1 promoted.
  • the support rollers are arranged between and slightly above the nozzle boxes 7 so that the drying air flows onto the plates 8 between the support rollers.
  • the width of the pressure chamber 5 is greater in relation to the width of the suction chamber 9.
  • Baffles 12, 13, 14 and 15 can be provided to guide the air flow; an air straightener 16 is also provided to equalize the air flow.
  • the air circulation circuit closes at the burner 1.
  • Two nozzle boxes 7 ( 2 ) are each arranged between two plates 7 to be dried. On the side facing the suction chamber 9 they are spaced apart from one another by an element 17 used for fastening. 3 shows a double-conical nozzle box 7' which, in contrast to the nozzle boxes 7, also tapers towards the side of the suction chamber 9 in the plane provided with nozzles 18, from which the air flows to the board 8 to be dried.
  • each nozzle box 7 On the side facing each panel 8, each nozzle box 7 is provided with nozzles 18 arranged in three rows, from which the drying air flows to the panel 8 in question.
  • nozzle boxes 7 On the side facing the suction chamber 9, the nozzle boxes 7 have above or below a locking plate 19 ( 4 ) has a slot 20 through which dirt can be removed from the nozzle box 7.
  • radiation plates 21 are arranged on each longitudinal side of the surface of the nozzle boxes 7 which faces the board 8 to be dried.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Düsenkasten, der in einer Trocknungsvorrichtung in Querrichtung zu in der Trocknungsvorrichtung mittels Trocknungsluft zu trocknender Platten angeordnet werden kann, der in wenigstens einer zu der Strömungsrichtung der Trocknungsluft in dem Düsenkasten senkrechten Richtung eine konische Form aufweist und der eine mit Düsen versehene, der Platte zugewandte Trocknungsfläche aufweist, wobei die Trocknungsluft aus einer Mehrzahl von in Reihen in der Trocknungsfläche angeordneten Düsen auf die Platte strömt.The invention relates to a nozzle box which can be arranged in a drying device in the transverse direction to boards to be dried in the drying device by means of drying air, which has a conical shape in at least one direction perpendicular to the direction of flow of the drying air in the nozzle box and which has a nozzle provided, the drying surface facing the board, the drying air flowing onto the board from a plurality of nozzles arranged in rows in the drying surface.

Eine Trocknungsvorrichtung dient zum Trocknen von Platten, die in Etagen durch einen von der Trocknungsvorrichtung umfassten Trocknungsraum führbar sind, wobei die Platten in der Trocknungsvorrichtung durch in einem Deckenkasten erzeugte und anschließend über einen Druckraum in Düsenkästen eingeleitete Trocknungsluft zum Trocknen in Kontakt bringbar sind und die Trocknungsluft nach Aufnahme von Feuchtigkeit aus den Platten über einen Saugraum abführbar ist.A drying device is used for drying panels, which can be guided in tiers through a drying space encompassed by the drying device, the panels in the drying device being brought into contact for drying by drying air generated in a ceiling box and then introduced into nozzle boxes via a pressure space and the drying air can be discharged from the panels via a suction chamber after moisture has been absorbed.

Das Trocknen plattenartiger Materialien wie Gipsplatten erfolgt vorzugsweise durch einen überwiegend konvektiven Wärmeübergang in der Form des Überströmens von erwärmter Luft. Die in der Regel über mehrere Etagen angeordneten Platten werden mit Hilfe von Fördereinrichtungen wie Rollenbahnen oder Siebbändern durch den Trockner geführt. Nach dem Stand der Technik werden Trocknungsanlagen meist im Umluftbetrieb betrieben. Die Trocknungsluft wird hierbei mehrfach an die Platten herangeführt und nach jedem Kontakt erneut erwärmt. Die Luft reichert sich auf diese Weise zunehmend mit Feuchtigkeit an, nur ein kleiner Teil der Trocknungsluft wird an die Umgebung als Abluft abgegeben, um Feuchtigkeit und Rauchgase in die Umgebung abzuführen. Ein Unterscheidungsmerkmal verschiedener Trocknerbauarten bildet die Art der Luftführung über dem Trocknungsgut. Die Luft kann im Wesentlichen in der Form einer Querbelüftung, einer Längsbelüftung, oder einer so genannten Prallstrahlbelüftung an die Platte geführt werden.The drying of board-like materials such as gypsum boards is preferably carried out by predominantly convective heat transfer in the form of heated air flowing over them. The panels, which are usually arranged over several levels, are guided through the dryer with the help of conveyors such as roller conveyors or filter belts. According to the state of the art, drying systems are usually operated in circulating air mode. The drying air is brought to the panels several times and heated up again after each contact. In this way, the air is increasingly enriched with moisture, only a small part of the drying air is released into the environment as exhaust air in order to remove moisture and smoke gases into the environment. A distinguishing feature of different types of dryer is the type of air flow over the drying material. The air can essentially be guided to the plate in the form of a transverse ventilation, a longitudinal ventilation, or a so-called impingement jet ventilation.

Bei der Querbelüftung wird die Trocknungsluft von der Seite, quer zur Förderrichtung des plattenartigen Materials, über das Trocknungsgut geführt. Da sich die Trocknungsluft bei ihrem Weg über das Trocknungsgut zunehmend abkühlt, ergeben sich dadurch über die Breite unterschiedliche Trocknungsgeschwindigkeiten. Deshalb wird dieses Verfahren bei empfindlichen Materialien wie Gipskartonplatten nicht angewendet. Bei der Längsbelüftung wandert die Trocknungsluft über einen langen Weg entlang der Längsachse des Trockners, überströmt dabei die Platte, trocknet diese und kühlt dadurch stark ab. Die Trocknungsluft kann somit bei niedrigen Temperaturen, energetisch besonders günstig nahe dem Taupunkt der Trocknungsluft, abgeführt werden. Zur Erwärmung von Frischluft mit Hilfe eines Wärmetauschers kann dann gezielt Kondensationswärme genutzt werden.With cross-ventilation, the drying air is guided over the material to be dried from the side, across the conveying direction of the board-like material. As the drying air cools down more and more on its way over the material to be dried, This results in different drying speeds across the width. For this reason, this method is not used for sensitive materials such as plasterboard. With longitudinal ventilation, the drying air travels a long way along the longitudinal axis of the dryer, flows over the board, dries it and cools it down considerably. The drying air can thus be discharged at low temperatures, energetically particularly favorable near the dew point of the drying air. Condensation heat can then be used in a targeted manner to heat fresh air with the help of a heat exchanger.

Bei der Prallstrahlbelüftung wird die Trocknungsluft von der Seite der Trocknungsanlage in auch als Trocknungskammern bezeichneten Düsenkästen, herangeführt und über Luftaustrittsdüsen senkrecht auf die Oberfläche des Trocknungsguts geblasen. Von dort strömt diese Luft zur gegenüber liegenden Seite der Trocknungsanlage. Nach ähnlichem Aufbau arbeitende Trockner sind mittlerweile weltweit verbreitet. Zu ihren Vorzügen zählen, dass durch den Aufbau aus vielen, relativ kurzen Trocknungskammern, welche jeweils einzeln belüftet und beheizt werden können, die gewünschte Trocknungstemperatur und das Klima über die Länge des Trockners frei gewählt werden können. Somit können die Trocknungsbedingungen an die Bedürfnisse des Trocknungsguts angepasst werden. Der Trockner ist zudem, z. B. bei Produktwechseln, ausgezeichnet regelbar. Durch den guten Wärmeübergang bei der Prallstrahlanströmung können solche Trockner deutlich kürzer gebaut werden als vergleichbare mit Längsbelüftung überströmte Trockner. Durch Verstellen der Düsenkastenneigung kann zudem eine sehr gleichmäßige Trocknung über die Breite des Trocknungsgutes erzielt werden. Die Abluft jeder Kammer wird einzeln abgeleitet und gesammelt. Da hierunter auch Kammern mit verfahrensbedingt hohen Trocknungstemperaturen gehören, ergibt sich eine insgesamt hohe Ablufttemperatur. Auch unter Verwendung eines Wärmetauschers kann die in der Abluftfeuchte enthaltene Kondensationswärme kaum sinnvoll genutzt werden kann.With impingement jet ventilation, the drying air is brought in from the side of the drying system in nozzle boxes, also known as drying chambers, and blown perpendicularly onto the surface of the drying material via air outlet nozzles. From there, this air flows to the opposite side of the drying system. Dryers that work according to a similar structure are now widespread worldwide. One of its advantages is that the desired drying temperature and climate can be freely selected over the length of the dryer due to the construction of many relatively short drying chambers, each of which can be ventilated and heated individually. In this way, the drying conditions can be adapted to the needs of the material to be dried. The dryer is also z. B. with product changes, excellent controllable. Due to the good heat transfer in the impingement jet flow, such dryers can be built much shorter than comparable dryers with longitudinal ventilation. By adjusting the angle of the nozzle box, very even drying can be achieved across the width of the material to be dried. The exhaust air from each chamber is discharged and collected individually. Since this also includes chambers with process-related high drying temperatures, the overall exhaust air temperature is high. Even when using a heat exchanger, the heat of condensation contained in the exhaust air humidity can hardly be put to good use.

Eine solche Anlage wird in der DE 19 46 696 A zur Trocknung von Gipsplatten beschrieben. Eine Trocknerkammer ist so gestaltet, dass ein möglichst hoher Wärmeeintrag und eine möglichst gleichmäßige Trocknung über die Breite des Trocknungsgutes gewährleistet werden.Such a plant is in the DE 19 46 696 A described for drying gypsum boards. A drying chamber is designed in such a way that the highest possible heat input and the most uniform drying possible across the width of the drying material are guaranteed.

Aus der DE 26 13 512 A1 ist eine Trocknungsanlage bekannt, bei der ein zweistufiges Trocknungsverfahren zum Einsatz kommt. Hierbei wird die zweite Trocknungsstufe unter Zwischenschaltung eines Wärmetauschers aus der Abluft der ersten Trocknerstufe beheizt. Die Platten sollen in der ersten Trocknerstufe mit hoher Temperatur und hoher Luftfeuchte und in der zweiten Trocknerstufe mit relativ niedriger Temperatur und niedriger Luftfeuchte getrocknet werden. Die erste Stufe ist hierbei längsbelüftet, die zweite Stufe querbelüftet.From the DE 26 13 512 A1 a drying system is known in which a two-stage drying process is used. Here, the second drying stage is heated with the interposition of a heat exchanger from the exhaust air from the first drying stage. The panels should be dried in the first drying stage at high temperature and high humidity and in the second drying stage at relatively low temperature and low humidity. The first stage is longitudinally ventilated, the second stage is transversely ventilated.

Aus DE 10 2009 059 822 B4 ist ein Verfahren zum Trocknen von Platten bekannt, die in Etagen durch eine in Trocknungskammern aufgeteilte Vorrichtung geführt werden, wobei die Platten in einer Trocknungsvorrichtung mittels Prallstrahlbelüftung mit der Trocknungsluft in Kontakt gebracht werden und wobei die Prallstrahlbelüftung mittels querbelüfteter Düsenkästen gewährleistet wird. Hierbei ist die Trocknungsvorrichtung eine Haupttrocknungsstufe oder eine Endtrocknungsstufe in einer Trocknungsanlage. Eine Trocknungsanlage kann eine Mehrzahl von nach dem Prinzip der Prallstrahlbelüftung funktionierenden Trocknungszonen aufweisen, wie aus DE 10 2005 017 187 B4 bekannt ist.Out DE 10 2009 059 822 B4 a method is known for drying panels that are guided in tiers through a device divided into drying chambers, the panels being brought into contact with the drying air in a drying device by means of impingement jet ventilation, and the impingement jet ventilation being ensured by means of cross-ventilated nozzle boxes. Here, the drying device is a main drying stage or a final drying stage in a drying plant. A drying plant can have a plurality of drying zones functioning according to the principle of impingement jet ventilation, as shown in FIG DE 10 2005 017 187 B4 is known.

Aus EP 0 854 338 A1 ist ein Düsenkasten gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bekannt.Out EP 0 854 338 A1 a nozzle box according to the preamble of claim 1 is known.

Es ist die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, den bekannten Düsenkasten so zu verbessern, dass bei gleicher Ventilatorleistung eine intensivere Trocknung erreicht wird und dass die Verwendung niedrigerer Trocknungstemperaturen ermöglicht wird, um Energie einzusparen.It is the object of the present invention to improve the known nozzle box in such a way that more intensive drying is achieved with the same fan output and that the use of lower drying temperatures is made possible in order to save energy.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe gelöst, wie in Patentanspruch 1 angegeben.According to the invention, this object is achieved as specified in patent claim 1.

Bei einer Verringerung des Verhältnisses der Summe der Öffnungen der Düsen je Quadratmeter zu der Trocknungsfläche auf einen Wert von weniger als 1,1 %, wie dies gemäß der Erfindung vorgesehen ist, ergibt sich zwar eine Verschlechterung der Trocknungsleistung. Bei gleicher Luftmenge ergibt sich jedoch eine höhere Luftaustrittsgeschwindigkeit, die mit einer Intensivierung der Trocknung verbunden ist. Damit steigt aber gleichzeitig auch der Druckverlust an den Düsen, was zwar die Luftverteilung begünstigt, aber den Stromverbrauch erhöht. Eine Reduzierung der Luftmenge ließe als Einzelmaßnahme eher eine Verschlechterung der Trocknung erwarten. Überraschenderweise zeigt sich aber, dass sich durch eine Reduzierung der Umluftmenge bei Verringerung des nach dem Stand der Technik üblichen Wert des Verhältnisses der Summe der Öffnungen der Düsen je Quadratmeter zu der Trocknungsfläche ein Betrieb der Trocknung einstellen lässt, bei dem der Stromverbrauch nicht höher ist als bei einem Trocknungsverfahren nach dem Stand der Technik, die Trocknung aber trotzdem noch deutlich intensiver ist wie bei der Standardausführung. Somit wird bei gleichbleibendem Stromverbrauch eine bessere Trocknung erreicht.If the ratio of the sum of the openings of the nozzles per square meter to the drying surface is reduced to a value of less than 1.1%, as is provided according to the invention, there is indeed a deterioration in the drying performance. With the same amount of air, however, there is a higher air outlet speed, which is associated with intensified drying. At the same time, however, this also increases the pressure loss at the nozzles, which promotes air distribution but increases power consumption. A reduction in the amount of air as a single measure would rather result in a worsening of the drying process expect. Surprisingly, however, it has been found that by reducing the amount of circulating air while reducing the value of the ratio of the sum of the openings of the nozzles per square meter to the drying area, which is usual according to the prior art, drying operation can be set in which the power consumption is not higher than with a state-of-the-art drying process, but the drying is still significantly more intensive than with the standard version. Better drying is thus achieved with the same power consumption.

Der Druckverlust an der Düse ist höher und die Strömung im gesamten Trocknungsfeld wegen der geringeren Luftmenge ruhiger. Beide Umstände verbessern aber die Luftverteilung über die Anzahl an Etagen und über die Trocknerbreite, so dass im Ergebnis ein höherer Wirkungsgrad der Trocknungsluft erreicht wird.The pressure loss at the nozzle is higher and the flow in the entire drying field is calmer due to the lower air volume. However, both circumstances improve the air distribution over the number of levels and over the width of the dryer, with the result that a higher efficiency of the drying air is achieved.

Als vorteilhaft an dem erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Düsenkasten erweist sich eine deutliche Reduzierung von zu stark erhitzten Zonen der Platten in deren Seitenbereich. Zusätzlich lässt sich eine mit erfindungsgemäß aufgebauten Düsenkästen ausgerüstete Trocknungsvorrichtung mit geringerem Aufwand in Betrieb nehmen als herkömmliche Trocknungsvorrichtungen. Auch der Wartungsaufwand reduziert sich. Zudem wird die Luftverteilung über den eine Mehrzahl von Etagen mit jeweils nebeneinander angeordneten Düsenkästen ausgebildeten Trocknerraum verbessert. Es wird ein höherer Druckverlust an den Düsen bewirkt; die Umluft der Trocknungsluft wird reduziert.The advantage of the nozzle box designed according to the invention is a significant reduction in zones of the plates that are too hot in the side area thereof. In addition, a drying device equipped with nozzle boxes constructed according to the invention can be put into operation with less effort than conventional drying devices. The maintenance effort is also reduced. In addition, the air distribution over the dryer space, which is formed by a plurality of floors with nozzle boxes arranged next to one another, is improved. A higher pressure loss is caused at the nozzles; the circulating air of the drying air is reduced.

Insgesamt wird somit eine effizientere Trocknung eines plattenförmigen Guts, insbesondere von Gipsplatten, erreicht wird; es wird eine gleichmäßigere Verteilung der Trocknungsluft auf den zu trocknenden Platten erzielt.Overall, a more efficient drying of a panel-shaped material, in particular plasterboard, is achieved; a more even distribution of the drying air on the panels to be dried is achieved.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung lassen sich plattenförmige Materialien mit einem im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik geringeren Aufwand an Energie mittels Prallstrahlbelüftung schonend trocknen.With the device according to the invention, plate-shaped materials can be dried gently by means of impingement jet ventilation using less energy than in the prior art.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Advantageous developments result from the dependent claims.

Mit Vorteil trägt zu einer gleichmäßigen Strömung der Trocknungsluft auch bei, wenn die Umluftmenge pro Quadratmeter Trocknungsfläche weniger als 0,13 m3 / m2 beträgtAdvantageously contributes to an even flow of drying air if the amount of circulating air per square meter of drying area is less than 0.13 m 3 / m 2

Wenn die Düsen einen Durchmesser von weniger als 10 mm haben, wird ebenfalls eine gleichmäßige Trocknung begünstigt.If the nozzles have a diameter of less than 10 mm, uniform drying is also promoted.

In vorteilhafter Weise beträgt die Geschwindigkeit der aus den Düsen austretenden Trocknungsluft zwischen 17 und 21 m/s.The speed of the drying air emerging from the nozzles is advantageously between 17 and 21 m/s.

Auch durch die Wahl eines Abstands von mehr als 60 mm zwischen den Düsen wird die Luftströmung vergleichmäßigt.The air flow is evened out by choosing a distance of more than 60 mm between the nozzles.

Mit Vorteil sind die Düsen in drei, in Längsrichtung des Düsenkastens verlaufenden Reihen angeordnet sind.The nozzles are advantageously arranged in three rows running in the longitudinal direction of the nozzle box.

Vorzugsweise haben die Reihen einen Abstand von 55 mm bis 80 mm haben. Alternativ sind die Düsenkästen nur in der senkrechten Raumrichtung konisch gebaut, oder sie sind zusätzlich auch in einer weiteren, zur Strömungsrichtung der Trocknungsluft in den Düsenkästen konisch aufgebaut.Preferably the rows are 55mm to 80mm apart. Alternatively, the nozzle boxes are constructed conically only in the vertical spatial direction, or they are also conically constructed in a further direction relative to the flow direction of the drying air in the nozzle boxes.

Zur Erzielung einer besseren Ausrichtung der Wärmestrahlung des Düsenkastens auf die zu trocknende Platte ist zusätzlich an seinen beiden Längsseiten seitlich der Düsenreihen in Richtung zu den zu trocknenden Platten jeweils ein Strahlungsblech angeordnet. Dadurch verbessern sie die Trocknung im Seitenbereich des Düsenkastens, weil sie die Strahlungswärme des Düsenkastens in Richtung zu der Gipsplatte bündeln.In order to achieve a better alignment of the thermal radiation of the nozzle box to the board to be dried, a radiation plate is additionally arranged on its two long sides to the side of the rows of nozzles in the direction of the boards to be dried. As a result, they improve drying in the side area of the nozzle box because they focus the radiant heat from the nozzle box in the direction of the gypsum board.

Vorzugsweise beträgt der Abstand der Düsen zu den Platten wenigstens 22 mm und erreicht einen maximalen Wert von 50 mm.The distance between the nozzles and the plates is preferably at least 22 mm and reaches a maximum value of 50 mm.

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auch auf eine Trocknungsvorrichtung zum Trocknen von Platten, die in Etagen durch einen von der Trocknungsvorrichtung umfassten Trocknungsraum führbar sind, wobei die Platten in der Trocknungsvorrichtung durch in einem Deckenkasten erzeugte und anschließend über einen Druckraum in Düsenkästen eingeleitete Trocknungsluft zum Trocknen in Kontakt bringbar sind und die Trocknungsluft nach Aufnahme von Feuchtigkeit aus den Platten über einen Saugraum abführbar ist, wobei die Trocknungsvorrichtung dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass sie eine Mehrzahl von Düsenkasten aufweist, die aufgebaut sind, wie oben angegeben.The invention also relates to a drying device for drying panels, which can be guided in tiers through a drying space comprised by the drying device, the panels in the drying device being brought into contact for drying by drying air generated in a ceiling box and then introduced into nozzle boxes via a pressure space and the drying air, after absorbing moisture from the boards, can be discharged via a suction chamber, the drying device being characterized in that it has a plurality of nozzle boxes which are constructed as stated above.

Nachstehend wird der erfindungsgemäße Düsenkasten anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Längsschnitt einer Trocknungsvorrichtung mit einem Druckraum, einem Trocknungsraum sowie einem Saugraum,
Fig. 2
eine seitliche Ansicht zweier Düsenkästen gemäß Figur 1, die übereinander zwischen jeweils zu trocknenden Platten angeordnet sind,
Fig. 3
eine Draufsicht auf die einer zu trocknenden Platte zugewandte Seite eines doppeltkonischen Düsenkastens und
Fig. 4
eine isometrische Ansicht des einem Saugraum der Trocknungsvorrichtung zugewandten Endbereichs des Düsenkasten gemäß Figur 2.
The nozzle box according to the invention is described in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment. Show it:
1
a longitudinal section of a drying device with a pressure chamber, a drying chamber and a suction chamber,
2
a side view of two nozzle boxes according to FIG figure 1 , which are arranged one above the other between plates to be dried,
3
a top view of the side of a double-conical nozzle box facing a plate to be dried and
4
an isometric view of the end region of the nozzle box facing a suction chamber of the drying device according to FIG figure 2 .

In einer Trocknungsvorrichtung (Fig. 1) eines querbelüfteten Gipsplattenkühlers strömt Trocknungsluft, deren Strömungsrichtung durch Pfeile bezeichnet ist. Vorgewärmte Frischluft wird einem Brenner 1 als Verbrennungsluft 2 zugeführt. Die Weiterleitung der durch den Brenner 1 erhitzten Luft erfolgt über einen Umluftventilator 4 in einen Druckraum 5. Der Druckraum 5 dient der gleichmäßigen Verteilung der Luft in die einzelnen Etagen eines Trocknungsraumes 6. Die Luft wird dabei zunächst in Düsenkästen 7 gedrückt, von welchen sie über Lochdüsen, welche an der Ober- bzw. Unterseite der Düsenkästen angeordnet sind, senkrecht auf Gipsplatten 8 oder andere, zu trocknende Platten geblasen wird. Die Platten 8 liegen auf Tragrollen auf und werden mittels einer (hier nicht näher erläuterten) Transporteinrichtung senkrecht zur Betrachtungsebene von Fig. 1 gefördert. Die Tragrollen sind zwischen und leicht oberhalb der Düsenkästen 7 angeordnet, so dass die Trocknungsluft zwischen den Tragrollen auf die Platten 8 strömt.In a drying device ( 1 ) of a cross-ventilated gypsum board cooler flows drying air, the flow direction of which is indicated by arrows. Preheated fresh air is fed to a burner 1 as combustion air 2 . The air heated by the burner 1 is conveyed via a circulating air fan 4 into a pressure chamber 5. The pressure chamber 5 is used to evenly distribute the air to the individual floors of a drying room 6. The air is first pressed into nozzle boxes 7, from which it passes Perforated nozzles, which are arranged on the top or bottom of the nozzle boxes, vertically Plasterboard 8 or other panels to be dried is blown. The plates 8 rest on support rollers and are transported by means of a transport device (not explained in detail here) perpendicular to the viewing plane of 1 promoted. The support rollers are arranged between and slightly above the nozzle boxes 7 so that the drying air flows onto the plates 8 between the support rollers.

Um eine optimale Strömung und Einbringung der Trocknungsluft aus einem Deckenkasten 11 in den Druckraum 5 und aus diesem über die Düsenkästen 7 entlang den Platten 8 in einen Saugraum 9 zu gewährleisten, ist die Breite des Druckraums 5 im Verhältnis zu der Breite des Saugraums 9 größer. Zur Führung des Luftstroms können Leitbleche 12, 13, 14 und 15 vorgesehen sein; zur Vergleichmäßigung des Luftstroms ist ferner ein Luftgleichrichter 16 vorhanden.In order to ensure an optimal flow and introduction of the drying air from a ceiling box 11 into the pressure chamber 5 and from there via the nozzle boxes 7 along the plates 8 into a suction chamber 9, the width of the pressure chamber 5 is greater in relation to the width of the suction chamber 9. Baffles 12, 13, 14 and 15 can be provided to guide the air flow; an air straightener 16 is also provided to equalize the air flow.

Ein Teil der Trocknungsluft, welcher in der Summe im Wesentlichen den Verbrennungsgasen, der Frischluft, sowie dem durch die Trocknung erzeugten Wasserdampf entspricht, entweicht über eine Abluftableitung 10. An dem Brenner 1 schließt sich der Umluftkreis.A portion of the drying air, which essentially corresponds in total to the combustion gases, the fresh air and the water vapor generated by the drying, escapes via an exhaust air discharge line 10. The air circulation circuit closes at the burner 1.

Zwei Düsenkästen 7 (Fig. 2) sind jeweils zwischen zwei zu trocknenden Platten 7 angeordnet. An der dem Saugraum 9 zugewandten Seite sind sie durch ein zur Befestigung dienendes Element 17 voneinander beabstandet. Fig. 3 zeigt einen doppeltkonischen Düsenkasten 7', der sich im Unterschied zu den Düsenkästen 7 auch in der mit Düsen 18 versehenen Ebene, aus der die Luft zu der zu trocknenden Platte 8 strömt, ebenfalls zu der Seite des Saugraums 9 hin verjüngt.Two nozzle boxes 7 ( 2 ) are each arranged between two plates 7 to be dried. On the side facing the suction chamber 9 they are spaced apart from one another by an element 17 used for fastening. 3 shows a double-conical nozzle box 7' which, in contrast to the nozzle boxes 7, also tapers towards the side of the suction chamber 9 in the plane provided with nozzles 18, from which the air flows to the board 8 to be dried.

Auf der jeweils einer Platte 8 zugewandten Seite ist jeder Düsenkasten 7 mit in jeweils drei Reihen angeordneten Düsen 18 versehen, aus denen die Trocknungsluft zu der jeweiligen Platte 8 strömt.On the side facing each panel 8, each nozzle box 7 is provided with nozzles 18 arranged in three rows, from which the drying air flows to the panel 8 in question.

An der dem Saugraum 9 zugewandten Seite weisen die Düsenkästen 7 oberhalb bzw. unterhalb eines Schließblechs 19 (Fig. 4) einen Schlitz 20 auf, durch den Verschmutzungen aus dem Düsenkasten 7 entfernt werden können. Zusätzlich sind Strahlungsbleche 21 an jeder Längsseite der Fläche der Düsenkästen 7 angeordnet, die der zu trocknenden Platte 8 zugewandt ist.On the side facing the suction chamber 9, the nozzle boxes 7 have above or below a locking plate 19 ( 4 ) has a slot 20 through which dirt can be removed from the nozzle box 7. In addition, radiation plates 21 are arranged on each longitudinal side of the surface of the nozzle boxes 7 which faces the board 8 to be dried.

Claims (12)

  1. Nozzle box (7, 7') which is arranged in a drying device in the transverse direction to plates (8) to be dried in the drying device by means of drying air, which has a conical shape in at least one direction perpendicular to the direction of flow of the drying air in the nozzle box (7, 7') and which has a drying surface provided with nozzles (18), facing the plates (8), wherein the drying air flows onto the plates (8) from a plurality of nozzles (18) arranged in rows in the drying surface, characterized in that the ratio of the sum of the openings of the nozzles (18) per square meter to the drying surface is less than 1.1 %.
  2. Nozzle box (7, 7') according to claim 1, characterized in that the amount of circulating air per square meter of drying area is less than 0.13 m3 / m2.
  3. Nozzle box (7, 7') according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the nozzles have openings with a diameter of less than 10 mm.
  4. Nozzle box (7, 7') according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the velocity of the drying air emerging from the nozzles is between 17 and 21 m/s.
  5. Nozzle box (7, 7') according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the nozzles are spaced apart by more than 60 mm.
  6. Nozzle box (7, 7') according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the nozzles are arranged in three rows running in the longitudinal direction of the nozzle box.
  7. Nozzle box (7, 7') according to claim 6, characterized in that the rows have a spacing of 55 mm to 80 mm.
  8. Nozzle box (7) according to one of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it is of conical construction only in the vertical spatial direction.
  9. Nozzle box (7, 7') according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it has a radiation plate (21) on each of its two longitudinal sides laterally of the nozzle rows in the direction of the plates (8).
  10. Nozzle box (7, 7') according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the distance between the nozzles (18) and the plates (8) is at least 22 mm.
  11. Nozzle box (7') according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it has a double-conical shape.
  12. Drying apparatus for drying plates (8) which are guidable in tiers through a drying space (6) enclosed by the drying apparatus, the plates (8) being dried in the drying apparatus by drying air generated in a ceiling box (11) and subsequently introduced via a pressure space (5) into nozzle boxes (7, 7'), and the drying air, after absorption of moisture from the plates (8), being dischargeable via a suction space (9), characterized in that it has a plurality of nozzle boxes (7, 7') according to one of the claims 1 to 11.
EP19720360.7A 2018-03-15 2019-03-15 Nozzle box for a drying device for drying plate-like materials Active EP3765806B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102018002073.9A DE102018002073A1 (en) 2018-03-15 2018-03-15 Nozzle box for a drying device for drying plasterboard
PCT/EP2019/000079 WO2019174784A1 (en) 2018-03-15 2019-03-15 Nozzle box for a drying device for drying plate-like materials

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EP3765806B1 true EP3765806B1 (en) 2023-01-11

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US (1) US20210018265A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3765806B1 (en)
JP (1) JP7102655B2 (en)
KR (1) KR20200130727A (en)
CN (1) CN111886467A (en)
BR (1) BR112020018342A2 (en)
CA (1) CA3093483A1 (en)
DE (1) DE102018002073A1 (en)
EA (1) EA202092140A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2939250T3 (en)
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CN111886467A (en) 2020-11-03
DE102018002073A1 (en) 2019-09-19
BR112020018342A2 (en) 2020-12-29
ES2939250T3 (en) 2023-04-20
CA3093483A1 (en) 2019-09-19
US20210018265A1 (en) 2021-01-21
EA202092140A1 (en) 2021-03-04
JP2021519909A (en) 2021-08-12
WO2019174784A1 (en) 2019-09-19
KR20200130727A (en) 2020-11-19
EP3765806A1 (en) 2021-01-20

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