EP3754081A1 - Section de déshydratation d'un appareil d'hydroenchevêtrement pour la production de tissus non tissés - Google Patents

Section de déshydratation d'un appareil d'hydroenchevêtrement pour la production de tissus non tissés Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3754081A1
EP3754081A1 EP19180826.0A EP19180826A EP3754081A1 EP 3754081 A1 EP3754081 A1 EP 3754081A1 EP 19180826 A EP19180826 A EP 19180826A EP 3754081 A1 EP3754081 A1 EP 3754081A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dewatering section
rolls
section according
woven fabric
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19180826.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefano Maria ZANARDI
KISBU Tolga
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Societa Italiana Costruzione Aeromeccaniche SICAM SRL
Original Assignee
Societa Italiana Costruzione Aeromeccaniche SICAM SRL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Societa Italiana Costruzione Aeromeccaniche SICAM SRL filed Critical Societa Italiana Costruzione Aeromeccaniche SICAM SRL
Priority to EP19180826.0A priority Critical patent/EP3754081A1/fr
Publication of EP3754081A1 publication Critical patent/EP3754081A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/492—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
    • D04H3/11—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by fluid jet
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/02—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling
    • D04H5/03—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling by fluid jet
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B15/00—Removing liquids, gases or vapours from textile materials in association with treatment of the materials by liquids, gases or vapours
    • D06B15/04—Removing liquids, gases or vapours from textile materials in association with treatment of the materials by liquids, gases or vapours by suction
    • D06B15/043—Removing liquids, gases or vapours from textile materials in association with treatment of the materials by liquids, gases or vapours by suction by means of a perforated drum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B13/00—Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement
    • F26B13/10—Arrangements for feeding, heating or supporting materials; Controlling movement, tension or position of materials
    • F26B13/14—Rollers, drums, cylinders; Arrangement of drives, supports, bearings, cleaning
    • F26B13/16—Rollers, drums, cylinders; Arrangement of drives, supports, bearings, cleaning perforated in combination with hot air blowing or suction devices, e.g. sieve drum dryers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/12—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by suction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/14—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by applying pressure, e.g. wringing; by brushing; by wiping
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B15/00—Removing liquids, gases or vapours from textile materials in association with treatment of the materials by liquids, gases or vapours
    • D06B15/04—Removing liquids, gases or vapours from textile materials in association with treatment of the materials by liquids, gases or vapours by suction
    • D06B15/046—Removing liquids, gases or vapours from textile materials in association with treatment of the materials by liquids, gases or vapours by suction included in a pair of squeezing rollers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improvement in an apparatus for the production of non-woven fabrics, and in particular in the section of the apparatus dedicated to drying non-woven fabrics produced by hydroentanglement.
  • Non-woven fabrics are fabric-like materials made from natural (e.g., cellulose) or artificial (e.g., polyester) fibers, bonded together by chemical, mechanical, heat or solvent treatment, and denote fabrics (such as felt) which are neither woven nor knitted.
  • natural e.g., cellulose
  • artificial e.g., polyester
  • fabrics such as felt
  • Non-woven fabrics have replaced traditional fabrics in a number of applications and products, among which, to cite but a few, surgical masks and caps, disposable clothing, tea bags, vacuum bags, diapers, carpet backing and filters for gasoline, oil and air.
  • a widespread process for producing non-woven fabrics is by hydroentanglement.
  • a continuous web of fibers obtained by airlaying, wet-laying or carding laid on a conveyor belt is consolidated by means of fine, high pressure jets ("needles") of water which penetrate the web, hit the conveyor belt and bounce back causing the fibers to entangle and interlace.
  • Non-woven fabrics produced this way are soaked with water and need to be dried before stocking or selling.
  • the dewatering section comprises i) a first stage in which a continuous belt of non-woven fabric is caused to pass over a sucking slot; and ii) a second stage in which a compression is applied to the fabric belt.
  • the sucking slot generally extends about 8 to 15 mm in the moving direction of the fabric belt, and across the whole width of the fabric belt; it is positioned under the conveyor belt that supports the web to be dewatered, and that is air-permeable.
  • a vacuum is applied to a chamber beneath the slot, which is purposely designed no longer than about 15 mm, in order to have a little area where the low pressure is concentrated; the extremely violent sucking action thus produced causes room air to pass through the web; the airflow passage forces water to follow the air stream, and a certain percentage of water is removed from the non-woven fabric as a result.
  • air is generally first passed in a water separator to have water recycled in the plant, and then exhausted outside by means of a ventilator. In the second stage of this common dewatering arrangement, the compression between pressing rolls squeezes out from the fabric another portion of water.
  • Some machinery producers further install a small hood over the path of the fabric web, where hot air recovered from the ventilator motor cooling fan is blown.
  • Dewatering methods and apparatuses comprising a suction step (or stage) followed by a compression step (or stage) are however not satisfactory.
  • One of the problems noted by the present inventors is that the dewatering efficiency is not optimal, and a relevant portion of water still needs to be evaporated in the final drying operation in the oven, with a relatively high energy consumption.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a novel construction of the dewatering section of an apparatus for the production of non-woven fabrics, which improves the overall amount of energy required for drying non-woven fabrics produced by hydroentanglement.
  • the inventors have observed that, surprisingly, reversing the order in which the suction and compression steps are carried out compared to the arrangement that is usual in the field, gives rise to an enhanced effectiveness of dewatering of a non-woven fabric produced by hydroentanglement, with a consequent marked energy saving in the overall drying process.
  • Fig. 1 schematically represents, in the form of a flow chart, a process or an apparatus for the production of non-woven fabrics according to the prior art:
  • A' is the process step (or apparatus section) in which a web of loose fibers is formed;
  • B' is the step (or station) in which the fibers are interlaced by hydroentanglement;
  • C' is the first step (or station) of dewatering, in which a first portion of the water soaking the fabric is extracted by an airflow forced to pass through the fabric by a pressure drop across the same due to the presence of a suction slot;
  • D' is the second step (or station) of dewatering, in which a second portion of the water present in the fabric is extracted by squeezing it;
  • E' is the step (or station) of final drying of the fabric in an oven.
  • Fig. 2 schematically represents, in the form of a flow chart, a process or an apparatus for the production of non-woven fabrics according to the invention.
  • Steps (or stations) A, B and E are the same as A', B' and E' in Fig. 1 ;
  • step (or station) C of the invention corresponds to step (or station) D' of the prior art;
  • step (or station) D of the invention corresponds to step (or station) C' of the prior art.
  • the non-woven fabric After the hydroentanglement step B, the non-woven fabric has already achieved its final mechanical strength, and there is no need any more of transporting it on a conveyor belt; the fabric travels in the dewatering/drying sections of the apparatus as a stand-alone product.
  • the tool used in the dewatering station by compression of the invention, C may be of any known kind.
  • compression is achieved by means of two counter-rotating cylinders, having the axis perpendicular to the moving direction of the non-woven fabric in the apparatus, at least one of which is pre-tensioned in order to exert a preset pressure on the fabric.
  • Compression tools of this kind are widely known in the art, are commercially available, and generally referred to as squeezing padders.
  • the surface of the cylinders is generally covered with a layer of rubber.
  • the device used in the dewatering station by suction of the invention, D may have any geometry or configuration that assures an exposure of any point of the non-woven fabric to an airflow crossing the fabric of at least 0.3 seconds.
  • This may be a slot in fluid communication with an evacuated chamber, with a length in the travelling direction of the non-woven fabric such to satisfy said condition with the usual travelling speed values of fabrics in these systems (typically in the order of hundreds of meters per minute), or one or more perforated rolls over which the non-woven fabric, already entangled in the hydroentanglement machine passes and the inside of which is evacuated by pumping systems.
  • the quantity of air flowing through the non-woven fabric is the same as in the traditional slot system; the greater surface crossed by the same amount of air implies a less intense airflow across the fabric; yet, the inventors have observed that this does not lead to a reduced dewatering effect, and that the reduction of airflow speed across the fabric is more than compensated by the longer exposure time to said airflow.
  • the suction device of the invention is a rotating perforated roll, or better a pair of rotating perforated rolls, the inner space of which is connected to a vacuum pump; the non-woven fabric is exposed to the suction action and consequent air crossing along the whole part of its transport path across the system.
  • the perforated roll(s) may consist of a cylindrical surface made of a metal foil of sufficient mechanical strength (for instance, a stainless steel foil of thickness 3 mm) with a series of evenly distributed through holes.
  • the through holes have size between about 1.5 and 5 mm, and the total area of the perforations is between about 25 and 50% of the area of their cylindrical surface.
  • the perforated rolls may be built juxtaposing and fixing to each other at their sides (for instance, by means of nuts and bolts) a series of metal profiles with a "U” or a "H” profile, such that the lower parts of the "U” metal profiles, or the horizontal tracts of the "H” profiles, define a cylindrical surface; these lower parts or horizontal tracts have a series of perforations, which put the inner part of the cylinder in communication with the outside.
  • the arms of the "U” or “H” metal profiles extending outward from this cylindrical surface support a metal net tightly wrapped around the metal profiles; this way, the surface the non-woven fabric contacts has a much higher void-to-solid ratio, for instance of about 95%, and thus a higher area of the non-woven fabric is directly exposed to vacuum.
  • the nonwoven fabric travels in the non-woven fabric production plants typically at a speed of about 200 m/min: with this speed, the time a point in the fabric takes to cross a slot of the prior art systems is between about 1/400 of second (for a slot of length 8 mm) and about 1/200 of second (for a slot of length 15 mm); in the present invention, with two perforated rolls of diameter 300 mm, the length of the path exposed to low pressure is of at least (depending on the convolution of the path around the rolls) about 1 m, which means an exposure time to low pressure of each point of the fabric of about 0.3 seconds.
  • FIG. 3 An even more preferred configuration of the suction device of the invention is represented in Fig. 3 .
  • the device comprises two main, perforated rolls 12 and 12' (the perforations are schematically represented by the dashed lines), and two idle rolls 13 and 13'; all rolls in this embodiment are rotating.
  • the axes of perforated rolls 12 and 12', and of idle rolls 13 and 13', are all parallel, and in a transversal view said axes are positioned at the vertices of a rhombus.
  • the perforated rolls 12 and 12' and idle rolls 13 and 13' may be made of stainless steel.
  • the non-woven fabric 11 is shown in the drawing spaced apart from perforated rolls 12 and 12' and from idle rolls 13 and 13', but of course in operation the fabric is taut against these perforated and idle rolls.
  • the fabric is caused to slide around idle roll 13, then around perforated roll 12', then around perforated roll 12, and finally around idle roll 13', in the direction indicated by the arrows, in a 8-shaped path.
  • Rolls 12 and 12' are perforated and a vacuum is produced in their inner part by vacuum pumps; the fabric is exposed to an airflow across it during all its travel around the perforated rolls, that is, for a length that is essentially the sum of the circumferences of the two perforated rolls.
  • Another advantage of the preferred 8-shaped configuration of the suction device of the invention is that, different from what happens with the suction slots of prior art, the side of the fabric facing the perforated rolls (the suction tools of this embodiment of the invention) changes passing from one roll to the other one; for instance, in the drawing in Fig. 3 , one face of the fabric will be in direct contact with the surface of perforated roll 12', then the other face of the fabric will be exposed to perforated roll 12; this way, the fabric will be crossed by an airflow in the two opposite directions in the two halves of the 8-path, improving the dewatering efficiency of the system.
  • the inventors have observed that it is possible to achieve a 30% improvement in the dewatering effect with same energy consumption, and a 20% reduction of gas consumption in the final drying stage in an oven.
  • the energy efficiency of the dewatering system of the invention may be further improved adopting measures of energy recovery, as discussed below.
  • a first possible measure consists in operating the system in a closed-loop configuration, in which the air of the airflow crossing the non-woven fabric is continuously separated from water and recirculated to the suction station of the dewatering system of the invention.
  • the circulating air continuously increases its temperature because the heat generated by the recirculating ventilator is not exhausted outside the system, but rather is taken up by the air itself.
  • the inventors have observed that, adopting this simple measure, the recirculating air heats up until reaching a steady state temperature of about 70-80 °C.
  • a second possible measure consists in the recovery of heat from the oven used for the final drying of the fabric, and again using this heat to increase the temperature of the recirculating air.
  • the recovery of heat from the oven and its transfer to the air recirculating in the system can be achieved for instance by means of air ducts (with air/air heat exchangers) or by hot oil flow (with double air/oil heat exchangers).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
EP19180826.0A 2019-06-18 2019-06-18 Section de déshydratation d'un appareil d'hydroenchevêtrement pour la production de tissus non tissés Pending EP3754081A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19180826.0A EP3754081A1 (fr) 2019-06-18 2019-06-18 Section de déshydratation d'un appareil d'hydroenchevêtrement pour la production de tissus non tissés

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19180826.0A EP3754081A1 (fr) 2019-06-18 2019-06-18 Section de déshydratation d'un appareil d'hydroenchevêtrement pour la production de tissus non tissés

Publications (1)

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EP3754081A1 true EP3754081A1 (fr) 2020-12-23

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EP19180826.0A Pending EP3754081A1 (fr) 2019-06-18 2019-06-18 Section de déshydratation d'un appareil d'hydroenchevêtrement pour la production de tissus non tissés

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1191536A (en) * 1966-06-07 1970-05-13 Scott Paper Co Method and Apparatus for Drying Wet Paper Webs and Product Obtained with such Method.
WO1982000192A1 (fr) * 1980-07-01 1982-01-21 Oy Valmet Procede et moyen de sechage
US20030136018A1 (en) * 2002-01-24 2003-07-24 Jeffrey Herman Method and an apparatus for manufacturing a fiber web provided with a three-dimensional surface structure
WO2005075736A2 (fr) * 2004-01-30 2005-08-18 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh Systeme de deshydratation avance
US20070068645A1 (en) 2003-09-26 2007-03-29 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh Machine for the manufacture of a fiber material web
DE102007053030A1 (de) * 2007-11-05 2009-05-07 Fleissner Gmbh Einrichtung zur Beaufschlagung von Stoffen mittels heißen Gasen
WO2015175676A1 (fr) * 2014-05-13 2015-11-19 First Quality Nonwovens, Inc. Non-tissé à motifs et son procédé de fabrication au moyen d'un procédé de séchage à l'atmosphère

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1191536A (en) * 1966-06-07 1970-05-13 Scott Paper Co Method and Apparatus for Drying Wet Paper Webs and Product Obtained with such Method.
WO1982000192A1 (fr) * 1980-07-01 1982-01-21 Oy Valmet Procede et moyen de sechage
US20030136018A1 (en) * 2002-01-24 2003-07-24 Jeffrey Herman Method and an apparatus for manufacturing a fiber web provided with a three-dimensional surface structure
US20070068645A1 (en) 2003-09-26 2007-03-29 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh Machine for the manufacture of a fiber material web
WO2005075736A2 (fr) * 2004-01-30 2005-08-18 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh Systeme de deshydratation avance
DE102007053030A1 (de) * 2007-11-05 2009-05-07 Fleissner Gmbh Einrichtung zur Beaufschlagung von Stoffen mittels heißen Gasen
WO2015175676A1 (fr) * 2014-05-13 2015-11-19 First Quality Nonwovens, Inc. Non-tissé à motifs et son procédé de fabrication au moyen d'un procédé de séchage à l'atmosphère

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