EP3753865A2 - Dispositif intelligent pour conteneurs de déchets, conteneur de déchets l'incorporant et mode de fonctionnement du système de gestion de déchets comprenant ce dispositif - Google Patents

Dispositif intelligent pour conteneurs de déchets, conteneur de déchets l'incorporant et mode de fonctionnement du système de gestion de déchets comprenant ce dispositif Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3753865A2
EP3753865A2 EP20177613.5A EP20177613A EP3753865A2 EP 3753865 A2 EP3753865 A2 EP 3753865A2 EP 20177613 A EP20177613 A EP 20177613A EP 3753865 A2 EP3753865 A2 EP 3753865A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waste
container
smart device
containers
user
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20177613.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3753865A3 (fr
Inventor
Alexandro MAJCAN
Jordi BERGUINZO MARTÍNEZ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Re Circula Solutions SL
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Re Circula Solutions SL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Re Circula Solutions SL filed Critical Re Circula Solutions SL
Publication of EP3753865A2 publication Critical patent/EP3753865A2/fr
Publication of EP3753865A3 publication Critical patent/EP3753865A3/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
    • B65F1/14—Other constructional features; Accessories
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F2210/00—Equipment of refuse receptacles
    • B65F2210/128—Data transmitting means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F2210/00—Equipment of refuse receptacles
    • B65F2210/138—Identification means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F2210/00—Equipment of refuse receptacles
    • B65F2210/168—Sensing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F2210/00—Equipment of refuse receptacles
    • B65F2210/182—Volume determining means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device installed in containers or similar elements disposed for the storage of waste, enabling the identification of the user who deposits therein the waste, likewise the detection of the activity of managing the waste performed, both for the management of the waste inserted and the highlighting of the user's action and the better configuration of the structure of global selective waste collection.
  • packaging waste has a great impact on the environment, as it must be borne in mind that 0.591 kg of CO 2 is generated for each kg of packaging waste dumped, this producing 10.64 million tons of CO 2 .
  • the management of packaging not recovered for recycling makes necessary the allocation of considerable resources, with a potential market value of 209 euros per ton of fragments of unrecovered packaging waste, plus 80 euros per ton dumped, causing losses of 5,199 million euros. For this reason, the organisation of waste collection systems has become crucial, for the recovery of said waste, its valuation and, more importantly, to encourage recycling.
  • optical detection systems For the detection of the waste item inserted, optical detection systems are known which involve a specific configuration and a significant cost, representing an impediment for the implementation of this solution for confirmation of the correct identification of the waste item.
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide a smart device for waste containers, also to provide a waste container equipped with the same, and a mode of operation of the waste management system including the above, which resolves the aforementioned drawbacks while presenting other advantages, to be described below.
  • the present invention is based on a smart device for waste containers, of the type installed in said containers or on the associated external structures thereof, having elements for its attachment to the container, and also identification and/or communication means with the users of said container and means for the generation and storage of its own electrical power.
  • the present invention is characterised in that the smart device comprises, at least:
  • This configuration is further characterised in that the start module executes the activation of the code/chart readers and volume detectors, which start from a mode of operation at stand-by or deactivated, with minimal electricity consumption.
  • the device is constituted compactly in a single body with all of its components, these being the start module, code/chart readers, volume detectors and the processing and control systems, this compact device being attached to the container.
  • This disposition enables the provision of a smart device that can be coupled to existing containers or incorporated in containers of a new design, thanks to a compact configuration, in a single body for its coupling, with all its basic functional elements governed by the processing and control system.
  • This configuration performs the necessary functions of identification of the user, detection and identification of the waste item inserted, and communication with an external server, in an energy-efficient manner.
  • the assembly is powered by its own electrical energy generation and storage means, formed by its own power generation system, usually solar panels, and/or a battery which supplies said power to the device, requiring smaller batteries than those used in other smart containers known in the state of the art, and which make them much more costly.
  • This provides an advantageous saving of energy, thanks to the inclusion of a start module for the code/chart readers and volume detectors, which start from a mode of operation at stand-by or deactivated, with minimal electricity consumption.
  • the activation of the readers and detectors, by one of the systems forming the start module, occurs with the code/chart readers and volume detectors starting at stand-by, being activated by the sending of impulses from the processing and control means to said reader and detection elements.
  • These systems forming the start module may be based on Bluetooth, RFID, WiFi, a manual push-button and/or motion detectors. It must be borne in mind that a reader can consume between 56 and 132 mA in operating mode, with a voltage of 3.3 V, and that at stand-by it has a consumption of between 1 mA and 5 mA; the energy saving is therefore between 90 and 99%.
  • the code/chart readers are located in at least part of the opening for the entry of waste into the container, or around said opening at the area nearest thereto, said readers pointing toward said opening, the device being compactly integrated in said location.
  • the area near the opening should be understood to be the area where the code/chart readers are located and are oriented in order to read the code/chart on the waste item while the waste item is inserted through said opening; their distance from the opening itself must therefore be reduced.
  • the code/chart readers may be located on the exterior of the container, remotely from the opening for the entry of waste into the container, and remotely from the area adjacent to said opening.
  • this embodiment would comprise a compact smart device forming, once assembled, a single body, although it consists of two assembly components, one external and one internal which are coupled together, or of similar configurations of a single component likewise configuring a single body with external and internal elements.
  • This alternative configuration of the compact device disposed remotely from the opening of the container includes at the internal part thereof a double volume sensor, one oriented toward the internal part of the opening to confirm the insertion of the product moments after its identification and another, oriented downward, for the detection of the fill volume.
  • the start module is constituted by a manual push-button connected to the processing and control system.
  • This option makes it possible to dispense with sensors exclusively devoted to detecting the presence of an item being inserted into the container or the reader, although it involves contact with the smart device installed in the container, a situation that users prefer to avoid in this type of containers.
  • This type of pulse may be performed via a simple push-button or via a user-interactive display touch screen.
  • the start-up action is performed preferably by a system for the detection of the presence of a body in the proximity of the smart device.
  • This configuration enables the avoidance of contact between user and container and smart device, and the ability simply to activate readers and detectors when a body is detected in the vicinity of the code/chart readers, this indicating the possible insertion of a waste item.
  • This configuration also enables an additional functionality, this being, with the participation of the volume detectors, the confirmation of the insertion into the container of the waste item read by the device, and that attempted deception or theft has not occurred where, subsequent to the reading, said item is removed from the container; if entry into the container is not confirmed by the internal volume detector, and the motion detector detects the disappearance of the item read, this reading is cancelled.
  • Motion detectors are usually based on infra-red detectors, although other known sensors/detectors may also be used.
  • the configuration of the start module is a communication system with a mobile device such as a mobile telephone, tablet or identification card, by means of RFID, WiFi and/or Bluetooth wireless technology.
  • This option enables embodiments where, at the time when the user uses a device featuring wireless technology for his identification by the smart device, said smart device executes the identification of the user and activates the processing and control system, which in turn activates the corresponding readers and sensors to proceed with the reading of the waste item.
  • This start-up method by means of the wireless connection between the user and the smart device may be additional or alternative to other start-up systems, such as those described: motion detector means or the code/chart readers themselves, which may also be additional or alternative in a particular embodiment of the smart device.
  • this configuration of communication between the mobile device and the smart device installed in the container carries out the identification of the user by said device by means of the communication established with the mobile device.
  • this communication causes the communication means with the external server for user management and the programming of container emptying to be carried out indirectly via the connection with the mobile device of the user employed for the identification thereof.
  • BLE Bluetooth Low Energy
  • the saving for each connection is 200 mA (IOT, narrow band) or 1000 mA for GSM (3G-4G) compared with the 20 mA of Bluetooth Low Energy.
  • This combined with the use of low-consumption processing means, an embedded software and the use of a start module, enabling a considerable saving of energy, has enabled the design of an optimised product entailing, in this advantageous configuration, the simplification of components and battery sizes and their maintenance, yielding in the present smart device a more economical configuration than in known devices.
  • the volume detector is an ultrasonic sensor. This detection by ultrasound enables the verification, reliably and with a low consumption of electricity, of the entry of the waste item into the container and confirmation that the same waste item as read is inserted, in the event of having a motion detector and code/chart reader at the opening thereof.
  • the volume detector could be a laser device.
  • the volume detector is located within the container, oriented toward the opening in the container for the entry of waste, and also toward the interior of said container to measure, in turn, the level of fullness of said container.
  • This configuration enables confirmation of the entry of the product, due to it being directed toward the opening for the entry of waste, and detection of the level existing therein due to it being directed toward the interior of the container, understood to be in a direction toward the centre of the container from the point of its installation, with the angle necessary to be able to confirm the entry of the waste item.
  • the smart device has at least three code/chart readers in an arc-shaped component corresponding to the location at the container opening, or surrounding the same.
  • This embodiment enables an accumulation of code/chart readers at one portion of the opening to enable, on the one hand, a wider reading of the code of the waste item, by merely orienting it toward the area covered by said arc of readers, and on the other hand, reducing the costs that would be involved in the installation of 360° reading means.
  • the smart device has between three and five code/chart readers in a 360° ring corresponding to the location at the opening for the entry of waste into the container, or surrounding the same.
  • This embodiment enables a distribution of code/chart readers around the entirety of the perimeter of the opening, where thanks to readings with a coverage of 90° and their homogeneous distribution, three readers may be sufficient, in the worst case obliging the user to perform a minimal rotation of the waste item until an area with reader coverage is found.
  • the installation of 5 readers would ensure direct, rapid reading, as this would cover, with a safety margin, the entire 360° of the opening, without the user having to direct or rotate the waste item for it to be read.
  • the user identification means are formed by the code/chart reader directed toward an area not associated with the opening for the entry of waste into the container.
  • the device may carry out the identification of the user in an alternative or additional manner to other means, using a code or chart associated with the user for his identification, with no need for additional means for said identification.
  • the processing and control system is connected to and governs the electronic components that form the smart device, also performing the capture and storage of data provided by said devices, and also having a module for communication with the user and/or the external server.
  • These electronic components in communication with the processing and control system include the start module, motion detectors, push-buttons and/or screens, likewise the means employed for the activation of devices at stand-by or deactivated; the code/chart readers, the volume detectors, the accelerometer or tilt sensor of the device, the battery and the electrical power supply/generation means, and the means of communication with the user's mobile device and/or the external server.
  • the electronic components listed above are governed by and/or send data to the processing and control system in order to execute the mode of operation to be described below.
  • the impact and vibration absorption system is formed by a chamber fixed to the container, with the points of contact between the device and the container executed with one or more layers of impact- and vibration-absorbing material.
  • the impact- and vibration-absorbing system features a chamber internal to the smart device wherein the electronic components are located, without said electronic components being in contact with the sides of the smart device itself, creating an air space surrounding these internal electronic components.
  • This chamber enables better thermal insulation of the interior of the container, as very high temperatures may be caused therein under climatic conditions of direct sunlight and a hot atmosphere.
  • the smart device may include an accelerometer connected to the processing and control system in order to deactivate the electronic components in the event that the container surpasses a specific tilt angle, meaning that it is in the process of being emptied, and therefore with a greater probability of impacts and vibrations.
  • This enables the deactivation of the electronic components and measuring/reading components in order to minimise the consequences of the impacts and vibrations to which the container is subjected during its emptying. Furthermore, as this system enables the identification of the time when the emptying process is performed, it will be aware of and be able to communicate the datum of the exact moment of said emptying.
  • the present invention proposes a waste container characterised in that it incorporates a smart device for the identification of users and the detection and identification of the waste to be managed, such as that indicated in the preceding characteristics of the present invention.
  • the present invention proposes a mode of operation of the waste management system including the smart device for waste containers and said containers of the type indicated in the preceding characteristics.
  • the waste collection and management system enables an optimised system in energy consumption, due to both the elements employed in its configuration, and the stand-by or deactivated condition of the reader and detection devices and their subsequent start-up by the means described; also due to the alternative system for communication with the external server, employed in step (g), which can employ communication with the user's mobile device to send the user's waste input data to the server, likewise the status of the device itself and the container (fullness, battery level, detected emptyings, etc.).
  • the device issues a notification to place said waste in the container, in such a way that, in the event that the user should wish to remove the waste item, the motion detector detects the situation of removal and nullifies the insertion of the waste item identified, while in the event that the user inserts the waste item into the container, the volume detector detects the entry of the waste, recording the insertion thereof and validating the recycled waste.
  • This mode of operation enables the minimisation of fraudulent use of the waste management system proposed, which is based on the correct identification of the user and the waste, and to ensure the correct insertion thereof into the container for its subsequent management.
  • User management comprises, among other data summarising the activity, and other possible uses, the inclusion of gratification/motivation incentives to increase the correct recycling of the waste, whether in the form of municipal discounts or alternatives, or vouchers or cheques, etc.
  • this smart device enables interaction with the inhabitants, creating a feedback regarding recycling habits, thanks to the identification of the user and of the waste being recycled, which enables the establishment and implementation of a positive reward system for the user.
  • this database is able to collect all the information generated during the recycling process: the material, the locations and the time of use by the users, likewise the identification of each user, etc., enabling the creation of an individual environmental file per inhabitant where said incentives will accumulate thanks to his recycling activity.
  • the present invention proposes a software characterised in that it comprises the corresponding programme code adapted to the execution of the steps described in the previous method.
  • the smart device (10) is installed on a conventional waste container (20), being located at the opening (21) for the entry of waste.
  • the smart device (10) is manufactured from glass fibre or plastic, enabling an optimal resistance to theft, an optimal resistance to inclement weather conditions and an optimal resistance to fire, likewise good thermal insulation properties, protecting the components from the possible high temperatures suffered by the container (20) in the sunlight.
  • This smart device (10) is compact, as may be seen in figures 2, 3 and 4 , forming a single body once assembled, including all the characteristic elements necessary for its operation.
  • the body of the smart device (10) is formed by an external section (11) which is attached to the opening (21) for the entry of waste, and an internal section (12) which remains within the container (20), said two sections being solidly joined to each other, forming a single body, once the smart device (10) is installed at the opening (21) of the container.
  • the entire assembly is solidly attached to the area of the container (20) where said opening (21) for the entry of waste is located, the corresponding area of the container (20) being grasped between said section (11) and the internal section (12).
  • a device (10) with a single body is used, part of which remains in the interior and part at the exterior, although preferably it has two sections which join solidly together, forming a single body, in order to facilitate assembly.
  • the external section (11) of the smart device (10) partially covers the opening (21), forming an arc.
  • Said external section (11) bears the motion detector (13) which, in the present embodiment acts as a possible start module for the electronic components that are at stand-by.
  • three code/chart readers (14) are installed along the arc which forms the external section (11) of the smart device (10), pointing toward the axis of the opening (21) for the entry of waste, in order to carry out the reading of the code on the waste, plastic containers and/or glass in this case.
  • the ultrasonic sensor (15) used as a volume detector, is to be found; this enables the determination of whether the waste item inserted and read by the readers (14) has been inserted completely and deposited within the container (20).
  • the processing and control system based on a microcontroller, also the battery for electrical power and the connection thereof to the means of generation of electrical power, in this case these being a number of solar panels installed on the container (20) itself; said microcontroller, battery and solar panels are not portrayed.
  • the power supply battery may dispense with its connection to its own power generation means, there being openings or ports (302) to said battery for the periodic replacement thereof, as is the case with the embodiment portrayed in figure 8 .
  • the user identification means may be several complementary means, such as the reading of a code associated with the user by the code readers, or wireless communication between a mobile device or RFID card and a communication module of the microprocessor, which preferably will use Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) to communicate with and to identify the user.
  • BLE Bluetooth Low Energy
  • the microprocessor of the smart device (10) has a communication module of the GSM and/or WiFi type, for its direct connection to a server from which the information on the user and on the stock of containers (20) is managed; likewise the route for the collection/emptying of said containers (20).
  • the microprocessor uses the connection with the user's mobile device to send information indirectly to the external server via the application with which the mobile device connects to the smart device (10).
  • the attachment of the smart device (10) to the container (20) is carried out by means of conventional attachment elements, disposing a layer of low-density expanded polyethylene material, of 10 kg/m 3 , forming a layer (16) for the absorption of vibrations at the surfaces in contact with the parts of the container (20).
  • an air space (17) is disposed around the electronic components; that is, the microprocessor of the processing and control system, creating an air space for the thermal insulation of said electronics from the material which forms the body of the smart device (10).
  • the readers (14, 301) and the ultrasonic sensors (15, 303, 304) are at stand-by, with a minimal electricity consumption, approximately 1 to 5 mA.
  • the microprocessor activates said readers (14, 301) and sensors (15, 303, 304) to enable the insertion by the user of the waste into the container (20) and the identification of said waste.
  • the smart device (10) may awaken from its stand-by condition at the moment when the motion detector (13) detects a waste item in the proximity of the opening (21) of the container (20).
  • an upper arc of readers is disposed, toward which the user must direct the bar code or QR code of the waste item, for the reading thereof.
  • the information is sent to the microprocessor, which stores said information and links it with the user identified, and sends this to the user management platform, together with the status of the container, should any characteristic of its upkeep be altered.
  • an audible signal and a LED indicate that said waste item may be dropped into the container (20).
  • the motion detector in this embodiment an infra-red sensor, detects the situation and nullifies the insertion of the waste item identified.
  • the ultrasonic sensor (15) detects the entry of the waste item, recording said insertion and validating the waste item recycled.
  • the communication module with GSM, NB IOT or similar is employed for the direct sending of the data.
  • the smart device (10) reverts once again to stand-by to save power.
  • the datum of fullness of the container (20) determined by the products inserted and the type of product, detected by its bar code and directly by means of the ultrasonic sensor (15) itself, which detects a considerable level of fullness, enabling, by the sending of this datum to the server, notification of the container (20) emptying service for its inclusion in the emptying route, and said route is optimised.
  • the time of its becoming full may be predicted, to be confirmed by the ultrasonic sensor (15).
  • the microprocessor disconnects the electronics in order to prevent damage to the electronic components which may be activated.
  • an external section of the smart device (100) where there may be the same or identical configuration in the remainder of the smart device (100), but with three detectors surrounding 360° of the opening (21) of the container, as may be seen in figure 5 .
  • This configuration enables the code or chart of the waste item to be read in any position in which it is inserted into said opening (21), it being necessary in the worst case to perform a slight rotation thereof, between 30° and 90°, for said code to be read.
  • an embodiment may be employed, as may be seen in figures 6 and 7 , using a smart device (200) not associated with the reading of the waste item code at the opening itself, but said device is installed on one of the lateral or upper walls of the container (20), depending on the geometry thereof, so that the waste item may be presented before the single reader (13) disposed and then deposited in the interior of the container. Entry is confirmed by means of an internal ultrasonic sensor (15), but without the possibility of performing the confirmation which could be carried out in the previous embodiments, in that the waste item inserted is the same as that read by the readers (14).
  • This alternative smart device (200) may feature an additional or alternative start-up system for the electronic components at stand-by, such as a push-button switch (210) or a user-interactive touch screen, not portrayed in the figures.
  • the compact smart device (300) is also installed on one of the lateral or upper walls of the container (20).
  • This device (300) once assembled on a conventional existing container, is located in such a way that the code reader (301) and a closed housing (302) for changing the battery powering the device (300) are on the external part of the container.
  • two ultrasonic sensors are located therein.
  • One of these sensors (303) is directed toward the opening for the entry of waste into the container (20) for the detection of the entry of the waste item identified and to verify that this is performed a moment subsequent to its identification.
  • the other sensor (304) is directed toward the base of the container (20) for the detection of the degree of fullness.

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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Primary Health Care (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Economics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Human Resources & Organizations (AREA)
  • Marketing (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Strategic Management (AREA)
  • Tourism & Hospitality (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Refuse Receptacles (AREA)
  • Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)
EP20177613.5A 2019-05-31 2020-05-29 Dispositif intelligent pour conteneurs de déchets, conteneur de déchets l'incorporant et mode de fonctionnement du système de gestion de déchets comprenant ce dispositif Pending EP3753865A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201930490A ES2796951A1 (es) 2019-05-31 2019-05-31 Dispositivo inteligente para contenedores de residuos, contenedor de residuos que lo incorpora y metodo de funcionamiento del sistema de gestion de residuos que los incluye

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EP3753865A2 true EP3753865A2 (fr) 2020-12-23
EP3753865A3 EP3753865A3 (fr) 2021-03-10

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EP1020810A2 (fr) 1998-10-30 2000-07-19 Symbol Technologies, Inc. Systemes intégrés améliores pour la lecture de codes comportant des balayeurs en tunnel
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