EP3749809B1 - Anti-seismic device - Google Patents

Anti-seismic device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3749809B1
EP3749809B1 EP19704887.9A EP19704887A EP3749809B1 EP 3749809 B1 EP3749809 B1 EP 3749809B1 EP 19704887 A EP19704887 A EP 19704887A EP 3749809 B1 EP3749809 B1 EP 3749809B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support
hinges
connection
bars
defining
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Active
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EP19704887.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3749809A1 (en
Inventor
Giovanni Ausenda
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kyneprox Srl
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Kyneprox Srl
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/34—Foundations for sinking or earthquake territories
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
    • E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
    • E04H9/0235—Anti-seismic devices with hydraulic or pneumatic damping

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an anti-seismic device of the type specified in patent application US2012/090257A1 .
  • Said patent application discloses an anti-seismic device for seismically isolating a structure with respect to the ground (100), wherein it comprises:
  • the present invention relates to an anti-seismic joint adapted to absorb vibrations for building type structures and infrastructures in order to stabilize said structures in the presence of seismic vibrational phenomena.
  • buildings characterized by a hyperstatic structure with regularity in plan and height, i.e. developing a compact and symmetrical plan and in which all the resistant vertical systems, such as frames and walls, extend throughout the height of the construction.
  • the masonry elements comprise metal cores that allow the structure of the building to have a predetermined deformability before reaching catastrophic collapse.
  • seismic insulators can be used.
  • An example of a seismic insulator is the LRB or Lead Rubber Bearings with a lead core consisting of alternate layers of steel and elastomer connected by vulcanisation which, thanks to its high dissipative capacity, can reduce horizontal displacement.
  • the energy dissipation provided by the lead core, through its plasticization, permits an equivalent viscous damping coefficient to be obtained of up to about 30%. Thanks to the high dissipative capacity, it is possible to reduce the horizontal displacement, compared to that of an insulation system with the same equivalent stiffness but with less dissipative capacity.
  • buckling-restrained axial hysteretic dissipaters for example of the BRAD ® series (Buckling-Restrained Axial Dampers).
  • BRAD ® series Buckling-Restrained Axial Dampers
  • These are non-linear seismic devices the behaviour of which depends essentially on displacement. They are particularly suitable for use as dissipative braces, for seismic protection by energy dissipation, and in particular for seismic adaptation, of steel frame buildings. The insertion of these devices within the structural meshes increases the dissipative capacity of the structure, and therefore significantly improves its response to the earthquake.
  • BRAD ® dissipators increase the stiffness of the structure, an effect that can be particularly useful for compliance with the regulatory requirements for limiting inter-storey movement to the Limit of Damage State, i.e. breaks allowed to the structure according to the safety margins in force.
  • the systems described are characterized by extremely complex structures adapted to dissipate at least part of the deformation energy resulting from seismic phenomena.
  • the technical purpose of the present invention is to devise an anti-seismic device able to substantially overcome at least some of the drawbacks mentioned.
  • an anti-seismic device that is capable of seismically isolating the foundations of a building or a support structure from the ground during, for example, a seismic vibratory activity, limiting the deformations of the device.
  • Another important object of the invention is to make an anti-seismic device that is capable of seismically isolating a structure without only intervening on the stiffness of the support joints of said structure.
  • a further object of the invention is to realize an isolation device that makes it possible to reduce the degrees of freedom of movement to which the structure that is supported by the ground is subjected with respect to the original reference system of said structure.
  • the measures, values, shapes and geometric references (such as perpendicularity and parallelism), when used with words like “about” or other similar terms such as “approximately” or “substantially”, are to be understood as except for measurement errors or inaccuracies due to production and/or manufacturing errors and, above all, except for a slight divergence from the value, measure, shape or geometric reference which it is associated with.
  • said terms, if associated with a value preferably indicate a divergence of not more than 10% of said value.
  • reference numeral 1 globally denotes the anti-seismic device according to the invention.
  • the seismic device 1 is preferably adapted to seismically isolate a structure 2 with respect to the ground 3.
  • the structure 2 is preferably a building type structure. Therefore it can be a building, an infrastructure such as a bridge or other type.
  • structure 2 may be understood not only as the structure as a whole, but also as a portion of the structure.
  • the device 1 can in fact be housed in the foundations of the structures 2, or it can be arranged in intermediate portions thereof.
  • the device 1 is arranged at the base of the foundations of a residential building, i.e. a house.
  • the device 1 is arranged below a bridge support pylon.
  • the device 1 may be housed in the bridge portion comprising the coupling between the support pylon and the transit carriageway of the bridge itself.
  • the ground 3 may be a bottom of any type, preferably flat.
  • the ground 3 may be, for example, solid earth or a seabed.
  • the device 1 is connectable to an upper portion and a lower portion.
  • the lower portion may consist of the ground 3. However, it need not necessarily be the ground 3, but may consist of other.
  • the upper portion may consist of the structure 2, but does not necessarily consist of it.
  • the device 1 can assume different configurations that include, for example, the arrangement within intermediate zones of said structures 2.
  • the device 1 comprises a first support 4, a second support 5 and a third support 6.
  • the first support 4, the second support 5 and the third support 6 preferably define similar forms.
  • the first support 4 defines a first support plane 4a.
  • the first support 4 is connectable to the upper portion, e.g. to the structure 2, or, in another example, to the third support 6 of an additional device 1.
  • the first support plane 4a may consist of the interaction or constraint plane between the first support 4 and the structure 2.
  • first support 4 comprises at least two first hinges 40.
  • the hinges 40 are made of mechanical joints that allow other elements to be transiently connected.
  • Such mechanical joints may be bolts adapted to preferably allow only a degree of transience, in particular rotation around the hinge, of the other elements.
  • Such first hinges 40 are mutually spaced defining a first distance d'.
  • the first distance d' is defined along the first support plane 4a.
  • the first support 4 defines a rigid rod.
  • the third support 6 defines a third support plane 6a.
  • the third support 6 is connectable to the lower portion, e.g. to the ground 3 or to the first support 2 of a second device 1.
  • the third support plane 6a may consist of the interaction or constraint plane between the third support 6 and the ground 3.
  • the third support 6 comprises at least two third hinges 60.
  • the third hinges 60 are made of mechanical joints that allow other elements to be transiently connected.
  • Such mechanical joints may be bolts adapted to preferably allow only a degree of transience, in particular rotation around the hinge, of the other elements.
  • the third hinges 60 are mutually spaced defining a third distance d′′′.
  • the third distance d'" is defined along the third support plane 6a. Further, it is preferably constant, so the third support 6 defines a rigid rod.
  • the distance d'" is congruent with respect to the first distance d'.
  • the first distance d' is greater, preferably by a percentage in the range of 18% to 25% and more preferably in the range of 21 to 23%, compared to the third distance d′′′.
  • the second support 5 defines a second support plane 5a.
  • the second support 5 is preferably connectable to the first support 4 and to the third support 6.
  • the first support plane 5a is comprised between the first support plane 4a and the third support plane 6a.
  • the second support 5 comprises at least two second hinges 50.
  • the second support 5 comprises four second hinges 50, two second upper hinges 50a and two second lower hinges 50b.
  • the second hinges 50 preferably, are made, like the others, from mechanical joints that allow other elements to be transiently connected. Such mechanical joints may be bolts adapted to preferably allow only a degree of transience, in particular rotation around the hinge, of the other elements.
  • Such second hinges 50 are, moreover, mutually spaced defining a second distance d".
  • the second support 5 defines a second lower distance d 1 ", between said second lower hinges 50b, and a second upper distance d 2 ⁇ , between said second upper hinges 50a.
  • the second distance d" is defined along the second support plane 5a. In addition, it is constant, so the second support 5 defines a rigid rod. Preferably, the second distance d" is not congruent with the first and third distance d' and d'" but is less than them.
  • the second distance d" can be, compared to the third distance d'" at least 3%, more appropriately 5% less.
  • the second lower distance d 1 ⁇ is less than both said first and said third distance d' and d'", by a percentage preferably in the range of 40% to 50% and more preferably in the range of 44 to 48%, relative to the first distance d'.
  • the second upper distance d 2 ⁇ is greater than both said first and said third distance d' and d'", by a percentage preferably between 9% and 15% and more preferably between 11 and 13%, compared to the third distance d′′′.
  • the device 1 then comprises connection means 7.
  • connection means 7 are adapted to connect the support 4, 5, 6. They define a connection plane 7a.
  • the connection plane 7a is perpendicular to the third support plane 6a. Therefore, it is substantially perpendicular to the ground 3 and vertically joins, with respect to the ground, the supports 4, 5, 6.
  • connection means 7 comprise at least two first bars 70 and two second bars 71.
  • the first bars 70 are substantially rigid. In addition, they each define a first connection direction 70a.
  • the first connection direction 70a corresponds to the main extension dimension of the bar 70 and therefore corresponds, for it, to the axial direction.
  • the first connection direction 70a is also non-deformable.
  • the first bars 70 are adapted to constrain the first support 4 and the second support 5.
  • the two first bars 70 are each transiently constrained to a first hinge 40 and a second hinge 50 so that the directions of connection 70a of the first bars 70 cross in the connection plane 7a.
  • the first bars 70 are transiently attached each to a first hinge 40 and to a second upper hinge 50a and substantially define the same geometry described.
  • the second bars 71 are also rigid. In addition, they each define a second connection direction 71a.
  • the second connection direction 71a corresponds to the main extension dimension of the bar 71 and therefore corresponds, for it, to the axial direction.
  • the second connection direction 71a is also non-deformable.
  • the second bars 71 are adapted to constrain the second support 5 and the third support 6.
  • the two second bars 71 are each transiently constrained to a second hinge 50 and to a third hinge 60 so that the second directions of connection 71a of the second bars 71 cross in the connection plane 7a.
  • the second bars 71 are transiently each constrained to a second lower hinge 50b and to a third hinge 60 and substantially define the same geometry described.
  • the first bars 70 and the second bars 71 are preferably congruent with each other, but may also be different.
  • the device 1 thus defines, substantially, preferably two similar overlapping, consequential and mirror-like structures, at least in a free condition, with respect to the second support plane 5a.
  • first support 4 first bars 70 and second support 5 and second support 5, second bars 71 and third support 6.
  • the distance, in the vertical direction and in an aligned configuration ( Fig. 7a ), between the first hinges 40 and the second upper hinges 50a is preferably very close to the first distance d', and differs from the same preferably by less than 3%, preferably less than 1%.
  • the distance, in a vertical direction and in the aligned configuration ( Fig. 7a ), between the second lower hinges 50b and the third hinge 60 is preferably greater than the third distance d′′′, by a percentage preferably between 12% and 20% and more preferably between 15% and 17%.
  • the device 1 preferably defines a free condition and at least one stress condition.
  • the device 1 In the free condition, the device 1 is free with respect to seismic stresses and the first support plane 4a, the second support plane 5a and the third support plane 6a are parallel to each other. In this condition, the device 1 is adapted to support the upper structure.
  • the device 1 is, instead, stressed by means of a seismic stress defining at least one displacement x.
  • the displacement x is for example arranged along the third support plane 6a and parallel to the connection plane 7a so as to allow the device 1 to be moved according to a displacement x.
  • the first support 1 undergoes the displacement x by the seismic stress on the ground 3 and, as a result, all the supports 5, 6 arranged above are consequently moved.
  • the device 1, described so far in terms of two-dimensional model may comprise a plurality of pairs of first and second bars 70, 71.
  • Such first and second bars 70, 71 reciprocally coupled to other first and second bars 70, 71 are preferably parallel to the latter and arranged along parallel and spaced connection planes 7a.
  • the supports 4, 5, 6 may be formed or comprise a plurality of different structural elements.
  • the first support 4 may comprise a first support bar 41
  • the second support 5 may comprise a second support bar 51
  • the third support may comprise a third support bar 61.
  • the support bars 41, 51, 61 preferably rigidly connect, in this configuration, the hinges 40, 50, 60, respectively.
  • This configuration can be used for devices 1 that extend vertically in a two-dimensional manner, i.e. mainly along the connection plane 7a and with two first bars 70 and two second bars 71.
  • the device 1 may comprise adjacent pairs of first bars 70 and second bars 71 connected to adjacent pairs of support bars 41, 51, 61.
  • the hinges 40, 50, 60 comprise spacers adapted to connect the pairs of support bars 41, 51, 61 and bars 70, 71 and the device 1 is substantially made of two structures, as described in the previous configuration, adjacent and constrained in a mirror-like manner.
  • the device 1 may comprise a first support plate, a second support plate and a third support plate.
  • first support 4 may comprise the first support plate
  • second support 5 may comprise the second support plate
  • third support may comprise the third support plate
  • the support plates are preferably coplanar with respect to the support planes 4a, 5a, 6a respectively and are adapted to respectively connect the hinges 40, 50, 60.
  • Such support plates may further be connected by two first bars 70 and two second bars 71, or by a plurality of pairs of bars 70, 71.
  • the device 1 is adapted to be used, as already mentioned, for anti-seismic foundations for building type structures.
  • the seismic foundations comprise at least one device 1 and part, typically of the structure 2.
  • the device 1 can thus be arranged between two structural portions 2 or between the ground and a structural portion 2, typically the base.
  • the foundations comprising the device 1 may further provide for different configurations.
  • They may comprise a single device 1 or a plurality thereof.
  • a foundation may comprise a plurality of devices 1 wherein all the respective third support planes 6a are all coplanar.
  • all the first support planes 4a are also coplanar.
  • Such a configuration is, for example, shown in Fig. 5 .
  • an anti-seismic foundation may comprise a plurality of devices 1 arranged consecutively in an overlapping manner and wherein, i.e., one of the third support planes 6a is integral with a lower portion, e.g., the ground 3, one of the first support planes 4a is integral with an upper portion, e.g., the structure 2, and the other first support planes 4a and third support planes 6a are integral with each other.
  • the devices 1 are not overlapped along coplanar connection planes 7a, but each of the devices 1 defines at least one free connection plane 7a skewed with respect to the connection planes 7a of the other devices 1 so as to allow the foundation to absorb a plurality of displacements x connected to seismic stresses in different directions along the connection planes 7a, as shown in Fig. 6 .
  • a foundation may comprise four overlapping devices 1 so as to realize a column in which each device 1 defines a connection plane skewed with respect to the adjacent ones with inclination preferably equal to 45°.
  • the devices 1 may have preferably octagonal perimeter edges.
  • the first support 4 is subjected to displacement x if it is parallel to the connection plane 7a.
  • the crossing point of the bars 70, 71 is offset from the axis of the device 1 and the second support plane 5a tilts correspondingly to the inclination of the second bars 71.
  • first bars 70 and the first support plane 4a are tilted with respect to the second support plane 5a.
  • first support plane 4a and the third support plane 6a are integrally constrained respectively to an upper and lower portion characterized by sufficient values of moments of inertia, the limits of which are readily detectable depending on the dimensions of the device 1 from experimental tests, the first support 4 and the third support 6 remain parallel during the movement of the device 1.
  • the support planes 4a, 6a remain parallel and only the second support plane 5a is tilted with the bars 70, 71 which perform opposite rotations. More specifically, when the second support plane 5a rotates, the support planes can only reciprocally translate along a plane parallel to the ground 3, or along a direction perpendicular to the ground 3.
  • the device 1 permits a substantial "floating" effect to be obtained when a structure 2 is subjected to seismic stresses present on the ground 3.
  • the device 1 according to the invention achieves important advantages.
  • the device 1 allows the stresses deriving from seismic activities to be absorbed in a dynamic and mechanical manner, i.e. without resorting to elements subject to deformations.
  • the device 1 allows the movements and displacements x impressed by seismic stresses to be absorbed not only due to the rigidity of the constituent elements, but also thanks to the kinematic mechanisms included within the device 1.
  • the device 1 allows the degrees of freedom of the movements to which the structure 2 is subjected to be reduced, for example with respect to the ground 3 since it is not allowed to rotate around an axis parallel to the first support plane 4a.
  • the supports 4, 5, 6 can be constrained together by means of elastic elements and/or dampers adapted to control and, if necessary, vary the dynamic response of the device 1 to seismic stresses.
  • FIG. 3 Examples of embodiments of this type are shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 .
  • such elastic elements may be common springs and the dampers may be of the hydraulic type and configurations may be provided for in which, for example, the first hinges 40 are connected by said elastic elements and/or dampers to the second hinges 50 and, in turn, the second hinges 50 may be connected to the third hinges 60.
  • the device 1 could also actively compensate seismic movements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)
EP19704887.9A 2018-02-06 2019-02-05 Anti-seismic device Active EP3749809B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT201800002453A IT201800002453A1 (it) 2018-02-06 2018-02-06 Dispositivo antisismico
PCT/IB2019/050900 WO2019171184A1 (en) 2018-02-06 2019-02-05 Anti-seismic device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3749809A1 EP3749809A1 (en) 2020-12-16
EP3749809B1 true EP3749809B1 (en) 2022-03-23

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EP19704887.9A Active EP3749809B1 (en) 2018-02-06 2019-02-05 Anti-seismic device

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US (1) US20210156164A1 (ja)
EP (1) EP3749809B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP2021514453A (ja)
CN (1) CN111836932A (ja)
IT (1) IT201800002453A1 (ja)
WO (1) WO2019171184A1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT201900020572A1 (it) * 2019-11-07 2021-05-07 Kyneprox S R L Generatore di energia dal moto ondoso
WO2021161293A1 (en) * 2020-02-16 2021-08-19 Teymour Honarbakhsh Friction damper for a building structure
IT202100007979A1 (it) * 2021-03-31 2022-10-01 Kyneprox S R L Dispositivo di trasmissione per generazione di energia da moto alternato
CN113944725B (zh) * 2021-11-15 2023-07-07 中建八局第二建设有限公司 一种建筑施工用抗震支撑架

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4123160B2 (ja) * 2003-11-28 2008-07-23 三協立山アルミ株式会社 開口部耐震補強装置
KR20090126428A (ko) * 2008-06-04 2009-12-09 (주)대우건설 지렛대를 이용한 토글 댐퍼
WO2012051616A2 (en) * 2010-10-15 2012-04-19 Kangna Nelson Shen Methods and systems for building by assembly structures and protection of structures against time, natural, and man-made elements
JP2012219553A (ja) * 2011-04-12 2012-11-12 Shimizu Corp 制振構造
CN203506136U (zh) * 2013-10-17 2014-04-02 韩景峰 一种新型升降弹簧抗震床
CL2013003806A1 (es) * 2013-12-31 2014-08-18 Univ Pontificia Catolica Chile Sistema combinado de amplificación de deformaciones y disipación de energía dispuesto dentro de un plano resistente de la estructura principal de una construcción, que comprende; un mecanismo de amplificación de deformaciones compuesto por tres barras articuladas y dos cables tensores, y al menos un dispositivo disipador de energía.
JP6377546B2 (ja) * 2014-12-26 2018-08-22 宮澤　健二 制震壁面構造、制震デバイスの連結方法
CN106522378A (zh) * 2017-01-05 2017-03-22 杨宝生 形状记忆合金变刚度变阻尼限位保护隔震支座

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Publication number Publication date
JP2021514453A (ja) 2021-06-10
IT201800002453A1 (it) 2019-08-06
US20210156164A1 (en) 2021-05-27
EP3749809A1 (en) 2020-12-16
WO2019171184A1 (en) 2019-09-12
CN111836932A (zh) 2020-10-27

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