EP3739150B1 - Parking device - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a parking device for trucks, as they are to be set up in particular instead of or in the area of motorway service stations or rest areas instead of or in addition to the existing ground-level parking spaces.

In this context, from the prior art according to FIG DE 100 16 121 A1 a memory device for vehicles based on the so-called paternoster principle is known. The basic principle of a paternoster is that goods or platforms are attached to at least one endlessly revolving chain. The use of a paternoster allows vehicles, goods or people to be stored and moved in a vertically arranged shaft. The aforementioned patent application is based on the idea of moving and storing vehicles or goods within an arrangement constructed in accordance with the aforementioned paternoster principle.

Based on the problem of an ever increasing number of vehicles, there is a need to create parking garages in which the largest possible number of vehicles can be accommodated in a space-saving manner. In this context, the DE 203 18 117 U1 a concentric arrangement of parking spaces and thus also of vehicles on at least one rotating ring disk, preferably on several ring disks arranged one above the other, the radial width of which corresponds at least to the wheelbase of the vehicles to be accommodated in this parking garage.

From the DE 20 2013 105 418 U1 is an automatic parking garage with a plurality of at least vertical parking spaces arranged one above the other and a conveyor device for transporting a vehicle into and out of a free parking space known from the parking space. The parking spaces are arranged in such a way that their openings are aligned in the direction of a movable space which, by means of a conveyor device, enables the vehicles to move into a free parking space or out of the parking space.

After all, it's from the EP 3 350 389 B1 Another largely automatic parking garage known. This parking garage also has at least one parking level with several parking spaces that are spaced apart from one another, with at least individual parking spaces each being assigned a parking platform on which, for example, a vehicle can be parked. This parking platform is assigned a transport device with which the vehicles can be moved into and out of a free parking space. The transport device is moved over a running conveyor belt and thus allows the vehicles to be parked to be transported.

It is also from the international patent application WO 2013/030781 discloses a parking apparatus for automobiles comprising a plurality of pallets each configured to carry a load such as a car, and a vertical conveyor having a number of endless chains and a support structure defining storage bays in FIG where the pallets and cars can be stored.

Other parking devices are also from the Japanese patent applications JP S60 129369 and JP S61 146972 as well as from the German patent DE 603 10 466 T2 previously known.

Based on this state of the art, the invention is based on the object of developing a parking device that saves space and energy as possible, especially for trucks, which allows the largest possible number of trucks to be used either in addition to or instead of the rest stops and parking lots located in the motorway area to record.

The object on which the invention is based is achieved by a parking device according to claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims 2-13.

In this case, the parking device consists of a framework known per se, which is constructed from steel girders, including horizontal lattice girders, as well as vertical steel girders, with horizontally and vertically movable trays being mounted in this framework.

The trays are movable storage areas that are each suitable for holding at least one truck. The individual trays are movably linked to the framework, swiveling lifting forks with which, if necessary, the trays can be raised to such an extent that support rollers are arranged in the respective end faces of the trays and, if necessary, can be lowered or extended into corresponding end cylinder bores, so that the mentioned support rollers both in the area of the front and the rear face of the respective tray, each rest on a rail guide of the adjacent horizontal truss in such a way that the trays can be moved to the left or right in the horizontal direction by means of an electric motor and / or hydraulic drive. This means that the trays mentioned can be moved laterally within the framework.

In addition, the lifting forks are suspended from at least two guide shafts arranged in the upper area of the parking device, pull chains, these pull chains each being guided in corresponding guides of the vertical steel girders of the framework. Thus, the trays and thus also the trucks parked on them can be moved both in the horizontal and in the vertical direction, so that the arrangement of the trucks accommodated in the parking device in a space-saving manner can be arranged in the vertical direction with the help of the lifting forks, as well as with the help of the above-mentioned support. Rolls can be changed in the horizontal direction, so the parked trucks can be re-sorted as required within the parking device.

In a specific embodiment, the mentioned support rollers, which are arranged on each of the front sides of the tray, can be sunk into corresponding frontal cylinder bores if necessary, so that the trays can then be moved up or down within the framework by means of the mentioned pull chains, because the mentioned support rollers no longer protrude in the direction of the adjacent horizontal truss.

For this purpose, an electric motor drive attached at the level of the respective tray, preferably at this level on the vertical steel girders of the framework, is assigned to the mentioned support rollers. By means of this drive, which acts via a drive coupling, which acts via a thrust cylinder by means of a connecting rod on a lifting crankshaft connected to the mentioned support rollers in such a way that either the frontal, projecting support rollers are sunk within the mentioned frontal cylinder bores of the respective tray or at Actuation of the aforementioned electric motor drive in the opposite direction, said support rollers can be extended out of the end-face bores.

It makes sense to first move the respective tray to the respective corresponding height by means of the lifting forks, that is to say to a position above the respective adjacent horizontal truss. Then, as explained above, the support rollers are extended by means of the mentioned electric motor drive so that they protrude on the front side above the adjacent horizontal truss, and then lowered again by means of the lifting forks so that the mentioned support rollers on the above the respective horizontal truss arranged rail guide are offset. In this position, the trays can now be moved in the horizontal direction on this rail guide, that is to say, for example, they can be moved from a left parking position to a right parking position. After the desired parking position has been reached, the tray can then be slightly raised again by means of the lifting forks, then the respective frontal projecting rollers are sunk back into the end face of the cylinder bores by the electric motor drive rotating in the opposite direction and then the tray can be lowered again in this way that the installation surface of the shelves is more or less flush with the adjacent horizontal truss.

According to a useful embodiment of the invention, the trays are not suspended directly from the pull chains, but rather rest on so-called lifting forks, which are attached to the vertical steel girders of the framework so that they can be pivoted and adjusted in height, with a corresponding pivot drive being assigned to each lifting fork. The lifting forks are accordingly arranged pivotably on the framework and reach under the trays. The trays are over one Lifting slide mounted in a height-adjustable manner within a corresponding groove in the vertical steel girder. In a further improved embodiment, the lifting forks are designed in two ways, the individual fork elements being brought together and connected to one another in their end facing away from the fastening side. In this end area, the two fork elements are connected to each other including a fork extension, which in turn is provided with a guide roller protruding in the direction of the top-side adjacent tray, which engages as intended in a corresponding recess of the top-side tray. By means of this guide element, the lateral displacement of the trays in the horizontal direction can be effected by corresponding pivoting of the lifting forks.

In this case, the parking device according to the invention is preceded by a truck scale, preferably an underfloor scale, with an integrated weighing cell for detecting the weight for parking trucks provided within the parking device. The truck scale mentioned here records the weight of the truck in question and transmits this to a data acquisition and processing device, which then depends on the determined weight of the truck, taking into account the current parking situation within the parking device, in particular the most energy-saving variant for positioning the truck determined within the parking device. Then the truck is driven onto the tray accessible via the respective approach ramp by the respective truck driver, and then the trucks already parked in the parking device are positioned, taking into account the planned downtimes and exit times of the newly arriving and already parked trucks, whereby the respective In this context, trucks are automatically repositioned within the parking device if necessary, whereby the weight of the trucks moving down is regularly used to lift other trucks parked in the paper device, so that their positional energy is used within the parking device to lift other trucks.

In a further development of the invention, the data acquisition and processing device used for sorting the trucks takes into account the weight of the truck to be parked as well as the weight of the truck that has already been parked, as well as the idle times, the statutory rest times of the driver and the planned exit times of the trucks and, depending on this, repositions the trucks parked in the parking device accordingly.
In a further advantageous embodiment, the parking device on the framework has solar panels, which are preferably movably mounted so that they can be moved, in particular depending on the position of the sun, in order to make optimal use of the hours of sunshine for generating energy.

In a further development, the electricity obtained by means of the solar panels can be used directly, in particular preferably for operating the electric motor drive, or indirectly, in particular by means of energy storage and / or by means of charging stations for charging vehicles, in particular trucks.
The parking devices according to the invention are expediently arranged preferably on or in the immediate vicinity of motorways and / or highways or in the immediate vicinity of country roads which are usually or, according to experience, used intensively by trucks. This also reduces the parking pressure on existing rest stops or parking areas.

Finally, it has proven useful if the entrance level for the trucks to be parked within the parking device is arranged at least one parking level above the exit level of the parked trucks, whereas the exit level of the parked trucks is arranged at least one level below the deployment level, so that on this way already When trucks are moving in and out, position energy is fed into the parking device, or this energy no longer has to be fed in by the electromotive drives of the pull chains or the lifting forks.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings.

• Fig. 1: die erfindungsgemäße Parkiervorrichtung in einer perspektivischen Ansicht,
• Fig. 2: die zur Auslagerung und Höhenverstellbarkeit der Tablare vorgesehenen Hubgabeln in einer perspektivischen Ansicht,
• Fig. 3: die erwähnten Hubgabeln einer unterseitigen Ansicht, und
• Fig. 4a) und b) eine Gegenüberstellung eines Ausschnitts eines Tablars mit ausgefahrenen Rollen, sowie eines Tablars mit eingefahrenen Rollen, sowie die diesbezügliche Konstruktion zum Ausfahren und Einfahren der fraglichen Rollen.

Show it:

• Fig. 1 : the parking device according to the invention in a perspective view,
• Fig. 2 : the lifting forks provided for relocation and height adjustment of the trays in a perspective view,
• Fig. 3 : the mentioned lifting forks from an underside view, and
• Figure 4a ) and b) a comparison of a section of a tray with extended rollers and a tray with retracted rollers, as well as the relevant construction for extending and retracting the rollers in question.

As shown in Fig. 1 The parking device 1 according to the invention is a parking garage with several levels, in each of which several vehicles, in particular trucks 2, can be parked next to one another. The parking device 1 shown consists essentially of a framework 4, which is created in a manner known per se from horizontal and vertical steel girders 3 and 8.

The trucks 2 parked in the parking device 1 are parked on so-called trays 6, which are movable both in the horizontal and in the vertical direction within the parking device 1. The trays 6 are gripped from below by so-called pivotable lifting forks 7, these lifting forks 7 being suspended in a height-adjustable manner via two deflecting shafts 14 arranged on both sides of the framework 4 over which corresponding, preferably multi-run, pull chains are guided. Correspondingly, the lowering of a truck 2 parked approximately on the left side causes a correspondingly lifting of a truck 2 parked on the right side, since the trays 6 are connected to one another via the aforementioned pull chains. Accordingly, the lowering of a truck 2 on one side can be used to raise a truck 2 on the other side.

Any existing differences in weight of the trucks 2 involved can be compensated for by the electromotive drive 12 connected to drive the interposed multi-disc clutch 29 with a corresponding conversion.

The trays 6 are not only supported in the parking device 1 in a height-adjustable manner, but can also be moved in the horizontal direction, that is to say to the right or left. For this purpose, the trays 6 are each provided on both end faces with support rollers 15 which can be lowered into cylinder bores 9, so that the trays 6 can be raised by means of the lifting forks 7 at least so far that the mouths of the cylinder bores 9 mentioned are above the respective adjacent horizontal truss 8 are delegated, then the mentioned support rollers 15 can be extended from the cylinder bores 9 so far that they are above of the adjacent horizontal truss 8 are arranged. Subsequently, the tray 6 is again lowered by means of the lifting forks 7 so that the rollers rest on an upper rail guide 10 of the horizontal truss 8 adjoining each end and then, for example, due to a pivoting of the lifting forks 7, which are connected to the trays 6 via a corresponding guide element 27 and are movable in the horizontal direction are moved in the horizontal direction to the right or left

In this way, for example, the path for a tray 6 that is moved vertically downwards or upwards can be cleared within the parking device 1.
According to the detailed representation of a lifting fork 7 in Fig. 2 The above-mentioned lifting forks 7 are pivotably articulated in a height-adjustable manner via a lifting carriage 28 on one of the vertical steel girders 3 of the framework 4, the trays 6 preferably being attached to three such lifting forks 7 arranged next to one another, spaced apart from one another. In order to pivot the lifting forks 7, each lifting forks 7 is assigned a pivot drive 18 with the interposition of a gear drive 20.

In detail, the lifting fork 7 has two fork elements which are spaced apart from one another and which conically converge towards one another with increasing distance from their suspension and are connected to one another in their end area by a connecting element. This connecting element jumps over the front ends of the fork elements running towards one another, and is provided on the top with a guide element 27 protruding in the direction of the tray 6 resting on the top. This guide element 27 engages in a corresponding underside guide of the tray 6 resting on this lifting fork 7, which can accordingly be moved in the horizontal direction by pivoting the lifting forks 7.

Fig. 3 shows in a view from below how the lifting forks 7 reach under the trays 6 on top.

As shown in Fig. 4 b) Both front sides of the trays 6 are each provided with cylinder bores 9 in which the already mentioned support rollers 15 are received in an extendable manner. This makes it possible that the trays 6 initially with retracted support rollers 15 according to the illustration in 4 b), are initially raised above, so that the openings of the cylinder bores 9 are arranged above the adjoining horizontal truss 8 that they are unhindered by means of an electric motor and / or hydraulic drive 12 to be explained are extendable, then the trays 6 are lowered again by means of the lifting forks 7 so that the support rollers 15 engage in a rail guide 10 formed on the top of the adjacent horizontal truss 8 and are thus supported horizontally movably. The trays 6 can then be moved horizontally on the rail guide 10 by means of the lifting forks 7, that is to say, for example, moved from a right to a left parking position. For this purpose, in a manner not shown here, the roller bar integrated in the tray 6 is assigned an electric motor and / or hydraulic drive 12, which is attached to the respectively adjacent vertical steel beam 3, which is attached to an extended push cylinder 24 as shown in FIG Fig 4 a) acts above, which in turn acts with the interposition of a connecting rod 25 on a lifting crankshaft 26, which in the illustration according to Figure 4a ) is in the position that the mentioned support rollers 15 are sunk into the cylinder bore 9.

When the electric motor and / or hydraulic drive 12 picks up, the support rollers 15 are moved out of the cylinder bores 9 with the interposition of the connecting rod 25 and the lifting crankshaft 26, so that the tray 6, as already mentioned, is then moved horizontally onto the adjacent one horizontal trusses 8 is movably mounted.

As shown in Fig. 5 is, each of the trays 6 is preferably provided with a drive coupling 23 for pulling in and out of the support rollers 15, which is coupled to an electromotive and / or hydraulic drive 12, not shown here.

Furthermore, in an advantageous embodiment, the trays 6 are additionally provided with a support roller drive 30 for the horizontal movement of the trays 6, that is to say preferably from a right to a left parking position and vice versa.

This support roller drive 30 and its arrangement within the framework 4 is shown in FIG Fig. 7 shown. According to this illustration, the support roller drive 30 is connected to the respective adjacent tray 6 with the interposition of a coupling 31.

A parking device 1 is thus described above, which allows trucks 2 to be arranged one above the other in several parking levels, each individual truck 2 being used as a counterweight during its parking time in order to move trucks 2 that are moving from a lower parking level to a higher parking level. In this context, it may be necessary to clear the driveway for the upward journey of a moving truck 2, so that the parking device 1 also provides the possibility of the trucks 2 placed on trays 6 within the parking device 1 in a horizontal direction, that is, for example, from the right to move to the left or vice versa. In addition, the parking device 1 is assigned a data acquisition and processing device 22, which takes into account parameters relevant for parking, such as the respective weight of the truck 2 and / or its expected idle time and exit time.

As a result, at the end of a pass through the parking device 1, the parked truck 2 should be parked in a position adjacent to the respective exit ramp, so that it can exit immediately without further re-sorting. It has proven to be an additional energy-saving measure if the respective exit ramp 19 is arranged at least one parking level below the entrance level. This makes a further contribution to optimizing the energy requirement. of the parking device 1. The trucks 2 parked within the parking device 1 are also rearranged in the sense of the lowest possible energy requirement, in that the positional energy of the trucks 2 parked in higher parking levels is fed into the system by using them as a counterweight to moving forward Trucks 2 are used. Ideally, this involved movements of the trucks 2 in each case, which are sensible in any case in order to move the truck used as a counterweight in the direction of the exit ramp 19 at the desired point in time.

As a result, the invention is a space-saving and, at the same time, energy-saving parking device 1 for trucks 2.

REFERENCE LIST

1

Parking device

2

truck

3

Steel beam

4th

Truss

5

Parking level

6th

Tray

7th

Lifting fork

8th

horizontal truss

9

Cylinder bore

10

Rail guide

12th

Electric motor drive

14th

Deflection shaft

15th

Support rollers

16

Groove

17th

Vertical strut

18th

Slewing drive

19th

Exit ramp or level

20th

Gear transmission

21

Truck scales

22nd

Data acquisition and processing device

23

Drive coupling

24

Thrust cylinder

25th

connecting rod

26th

Lifting crankshaft

27

Guide element

28

Lifting carriage

29

Multi-disc clutch

30th

Support roller drive

31

coupling

Claims (13)

1. A parking device (1) for utility vehicles, referred to in short hereinafter as trucks (2), comprising a framework (4), preferably produced from steel girders (3), having horizontal framework girders (8) and having multiple parking levels (5) arranged one over another, which each have at least two parking spaces arranged adjacent to one another for one truck (2) in each case, the parking places are suspended as horizontally and vertically movable trays (6) within the framework (4), wherein the parking places are suspended via at least two traction chains, which are guided over deflection shafts (14) arranged in the upper-side region of the parking device (1) and are preferably designed as double-stranded, so that each of the trays (6) is mounted so it is vertically adjustable via an electromotive and/or hydraulic drive (12) in each case, and the trays (6) are each provided at the two end faces thereof with support rollers (15) protruding in the direction of the respective adjoining horizontal framework girder (8), which each rest on a horizontal rail guide (10) of the horizontal framework girder (8) in such a way that these trays are supported in a horizontally movable manner,
   characterized in that the trays (6) are suspended within the framework (4) so that the trays (6) each rest on multiple, preferably on three horizontally pivotable lifting forks (7), so that each of the lifting forks (7) is suspended via a traction chain, which is guided via one of the least two deflection shafts (14) arranged in the upper-side region of the parking device (1) and preferably designed as double-stranded, so that each of the trays (6) is mounted so it is vertically adjustable preferably with at least one hydraulic cylinder interconnected in each case and a support roller drive (30) mounted on an adjoining horizontal framework girder (8) is associated with the trays (6) for the horizontal movement of the trays (6) with a coupling (31) interconnected.
2. The parking device (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the support rollers (15) can be countersunk in corresponding end-face cylinder holes (9) of the trays (6) in such a way that the trays (6) can be lowered in such a way that the parking surface of the tray (6) terminates in each case at least substantially flush with the surface of the adjoining horizontal framework girder (8) and/or an exit ramp or level (19) of the parking device (1).
3. The parking device (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that an electromotive and/or hydraulic drive (12) is associated with each of the support rollers (15) at the height of the respective tray (6) in such a way that this electromotive and/or hydraulic drive (12) acts via a drive coupling (23) via a thrust cylinder (24) by means of a connecting rod (25) on a lift crankshaft (26) connected to the rollers (15) in such a way that as needed the respective rollers (15) projecting on the end face can be countersunk within the cylinder holes (9) in such a way that they no longer project over the end face of the tray (6), so that in this position the respective tray (6) is vertically movable within the framework (4), or upon actuation of the electromotive and/or hydraulic drive (12) in the reverse direction, said rollers (15) are extendable in such a way that the rollers (15) can be placed on the rail guide (10), therefore the trays (6) are mounted so they are horizontally movable on a rail guide (10) arranged on the respective adjoining horizontal framework girder (8), thus, for example, are movable from a left into a right parking position within the parking device (1).
4. The parking device according to Claim 3, characterized in that the multiple, preferably three pivotable lifting forks (7), which are associated with each tray (6), each engage on the lower side via a guide roller in a corresponding guide of the tray (6), so that by means of the pivotable lifting forks (7) driven via a pivot drive (18), the respective tray (6) is horizontally displaceable, thus is movable from a right into a left parking position and back.
5. The parking device (1) according to one or more of preceding Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the lifting forks (7) are each pivotably mounted within a groove (16), which faces toward the interior of the parking device (1), of the vertical struts of the framework (4), wherein the lifting forks (7) are pivoted with interconnection of a horizontally arranged, preferably two-stage gearwheel transmission (20).
6. The parking device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a drive coupling (23) for retracting and extending the support rollers (15) is associated with each of the trays (6) in such a way that the support rollers (15) are extendable or retractable by means of the electromotive and/or hydraulic drive (12) associated with the respective drive coupling (23).
7. The parking device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the parking device (1) comprises a truck scale (1), preferably an underfloor scale, having an integrated weighing cell for detecting the weight of a truck (2) provided for parking inside the parking device (21), which is arranged in such a way that the respective weight of the truck (2) is detectable and subsequently the ascertained weight of the truck (2) is transmittable to a data acquisition and processing device (22).
8. The parking device (1) according to Claim 7, characterized in that, in conjunction with the weight of the truck (2) to be parked ascertained by means of the scale (21), the planned downtime of the truck (2), preferably in consideration of the statutory idle times, is transmittable to the data acquisition and processing device (22).
9. The parking device (1) according to Claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the trucks (2) parked inside the parking device (1), in conjunction with the parking of a newly arrived truck (2) additionally to be placed within the parking device (1), can be parked within the parking device (1) at a parking area within the parking device (1) calculated by the data acquisition and processing device (22) in such a way that the trucks (2) already parked within the parking device (1) are displaceable and movable by means of the [word missing] on the horizontal framework girders (8) using the electromotive and/or hydraulically driven rollers (15) such that first the truck (2) to be placed is placed on the tray (6) associated with the entry level and subsequently the driving up on this tray (6) can be carried out with the aid of the lifting forks fastened on the traction chains, wherein preferably the driving down of an already parked, different truck (2) on another tray (6) is carried out by means of the lifting forks (7) arranged on both sides of the framework, which are suspended on the traction chains, wherein in this case the counterweight of the truck (2) moved downward or possibly a plurality of trucks (2) moving downward which are arranged one over the other as a counterweight significantly reduces or entirely dispenses with the energy consumption for raising the truck (2) to be placed by release of the charged energy stored in the form of the [word missing] in higher positions within the parking device (1).
10. The parking device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the framework (4) is equipped with solar panels, preferably those which are movably mounted.
11. The parking device (1) according to Claim 10, characterized in that the current obtained by means of the solar panels of the parking device is usable directly, preferably to operate the electromotive drive (12) or indirectly, in particular by means of energy storage and/or by means of charging stations, to be fed into the electromotive drive (12) of the parking device (1).
12. The parking device (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the parking devices (1) are arranged having underground and above ground parking decks, consisting of the mentioned trays (6), under the ground and above the ground in such a way that at least one underground parking level is provided.
13. The parking device (1) according to Claim 11, characterized in that the entry level of the trucks (2) to be parked within the parking devices (1) is arranged at least one parking level above the exit level (19) of the parked trucks (2).

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