Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B3/00—Charging the melting furnaces
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B3/00—Charging the melting furnaces
  • C03B3/005—Charging the melting furnaces using screw feeders
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
  • C03B5/04—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in tank furnaces
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
  • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
  • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
  • F27D3/08—Screw feeders; Screw dischargers

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a furnace for a glass furnace and a melting plant of a composition of vitrifiable materials. More specifically, flat-glass forming plants such as float or rolling mills, but also hollow-glass forming plants of the bottle-and-bottle type, and more particularly fiber-glass forming installations of the type of mineral wool, are particularly targeted. thermal or sound insulation or reinforcing textile glass threads.
• the invention also relates to a control system of such a charger and the control method, the computer program and the associated computer recording medium.
• vitrifiable materials are generally of the oxide type, and generally comprise at least 30% by weight of silica, such as a glass or a silicate such as an alkali and / or alkaline earth silicate.
• silica such as a glass or a silicate such as an alkali and / or alkaline earth silicate.
• the glass may especially be silicosodocalcique or be rock often called "black glass" by the skilled person.
• vitrifiable materials and “raw materials” are therefore intended to include the materials necessary to obtain a vitreous (or ceramic or glass-ceramic) matrix, such as silicic sand, rock, blast furnace slags, but also all additives (refining additives), deconstruction waste (including mineral fibers), all liquid or solid fuels (composite or non-composite plastics, organic materials, coals), and all types of cullet.
• silicic sand, rock, blast furnace slags but also all additives (refining additives), deconstruction waste (including mineral fibers), all liquid or solid fuels (composite or non-composite plastics, organic materials, coals), and all types of cullet.
• deconstruction waste including mineral fibers
• liquid or solid fuels composite or non-composite plastics, organic materials, coals
• cullet all types of cullet.
• Loading devices also called “feeders”, classically belong to one of two groups:
• a member for conveying the composition to the oven in the direction of charging this conveying member being at least partly arranged in the sheath, and
• a motorized drive unit of said routing member is
• This conveying member may be a piston, as described in the patent document WO2016 / 120351A, or one or more endless screws, as described in the patent document WO2013 / 132184, the body of the charger then being for example single-screw or double-screw extruder type.
• the member for conveying the composition to the oven is set in translational (in the case of a piston) or rotary (in the case of a screw) movement by a motorized drive unit, which may include one or more engines.
• a resistance generated in particular by the composition being conveyed opposes the work provided by the routing member.
• This resistance increases with the hardness and the particle size of the composition, the thickness of the plug, that is to say the contact zone between the end of the proximal furnace of the furnace, and its grip at the entrance of the furnace. the melting chamber, as well as the height and viscosity of the glass bath pressuring the plug.
• the increase of this resistance generates a rise in power of the drive motor.
• the various components of the charger, and in particular its conveyor and / or its motor are allowed to become blocked, which can lead to their deterioration.
• a relatively large mass of the composition can be delivered into the melting chamber, thereby causing a drop in temperature and therefore instabilities in the fusion process.
• a drop in the resistance opposed by the vitrifiable composition generally indicates an excessive thinning of the stopper.
• the charger is then exposed to interference in the sheath of combustion gases from the furnace, or in other words, to a "return of gas".
• a return gas is to be avoided at all costs since it tends to heat the vitrifiable material within the sheath. This then causes rapid deterioration of the components of the charger that are not suitable for exposure to such high temperatures. This rise in temperature also increases the risk of flaring vitrifiable materials and even explosion.
• the release of such gases in the atmosphere is also a risk for an operator, given the toxicity of the gases in question, as well as for the environment, because of their polluting nature.
• the proposed technique relates to a charger for charging a composition of vitrifiable materials in a glass furnace, said furnace comprising:
• a sleeve defining a direction of charging of the composition in the oven
• said charger being characterized in that the mechanical block is movable in translation relative to the sleeve, according to the charging direction.
• the "mechanical block” is the assembly formed by the routing member and the motorized drive unit, this block being limited by the maximum torque value of the motorized unit.
• the invention is thus based on a new and inventive concept of providing a charger in which the mechanical block is movable in translation relative to the sleeve, in the direction of charging.
• a charger allows a male operator and / or machine to adjust the position of the delivery member in the sleeve according to the charging conditions.
• the position of the conveying member is correlated with the value of the resistance offered by the batch composition and / or the cap.
• the thickness of the cap decreases, since its end is introduced into the furnace for liquefaction.
• the resistance decreases, making it possible to obtain an acceptable torque value for the drive motor while limiting the stresses on the routing member, and the risks of deterioration.
• the delivery member moves back, the thickness of the plug increases, and the risk of infiltration of combustion gases and / or sudden expulsion of the plug in the melting chamber decreases.
• a charger according to the invention allows, via the translation of the mechanical block relative to the sheath, to maintain this resistance value, and therefore the corresponding value of the torque of the motorized drive unit, in an intermediate range of values allowing on the one hand to overcome the blockages of the drive motor and to limit the risk of damage to the latter and / or the routing member, while also avoiding the generation of instabilities in the melting process or gas returns.
• the positioning of the conveying member in the sheath can be achieved:
• the conveying member is a worm movable in rotation about the direction of charging.
• the delivery member is in the form of a piston movable in translation in the direction of charging, or any other type of routing member known to the state of the technical.
• the sheath is secured to a frame with respect to which the mechanical block is movable is translation.
• chassis allows a satisfactory control of the direction in translation of the mechanical block, as well as the assembly and positioning, with respect to the rest of the chassis, of a possible motorized unit for translational translation. mechanical block.
• the mechanical block is adapted to be translated manually.
• the positioning of the conveying member in the sheath can thus be modified by a specialized operator, particularly in the event of jamming of the shifter.
• the charger comprises a motorized unit for translating the mechanical block. An operator can thus be fully or partially assisted for the positioning of the mechanical block.
• the mechanical block is adapted to be translated both manually and via a motorized translation unit.
• a motorized translation unit Such a combination of translational means enables an operator to overcome the potential defects of the motorized translational unit, for example to readjust accurately the position of the mechanical block, to take over from the motorized unit. in case of failure of the latter, or to perform a task requiring a power greater than the maximum power value of the motorized translation unit.
• the charger comprises a device for measuring at least one value of a physical variable impacted by the operation of the charger, said physical variable being preferably chosen from:
• the concentration of gas resulting from combustion within the sheath for example carbon dioxide and / or carbon monoxide.
• the measurement of the temperature within the sheath makes it possible to detect a possible return of liquid glass and / or a start of pyrolysis in the conveying member.
• the implementation of a measuring device makes it possible to monitor in real time the proper operation of the charger in order, if necessary, to modify the position of the mechanical block along the axis d kiln furniture.
• the measurement of the torque is performed by means of a measurement of the electrical intensity of the same motor, which is proportional to the torque.
• this measuring device is coupled to a human-machine interface adapted to communicate to an operator the measured value of said physical variable. The latter can then make the decision to modify or not the position of the mechanical block relative to the sheath, manually or with the assistance of a motorized translational unit.
• the translation of the mechanical block is automated, which offers the possibility of automatic servocontrol of the position of the delivery member as a function of the torque, and therefore of continuous adaptation. from the charger to the charging conditions, according to a control method described in this text.
• the invention also relates to a vitrifiable material melting installation comprising:
• a vitrifiable melting furnace equipped with a charging orifice located on the vessel side, preferably below the theoretical level of the liquid glass defined by the position of the spillway of the liquid glass,
• One end of the sheath of the charger is open on the charging port, either by direct contact or via an intermediate connection piece.
• access to the oven is released at least occasionally, to allow the introduction of the composition of vitrifiable materials in the oven.
• the invention is particularly applicable to immersed feeders, given the risk of return of liquid glass in the sleeve and the pressure exerted by the latter on the plug, these two factors significantly increasing the resistance to the work of the organ routing, and therefore the risk of blockage and / or deterioration.
• the installation comprises a tubular charging head arranged downstream of the sleeve and fixed on the outer side of the furnace tank, at the level of the charging orifice, said charging head being equipped at its distal end of the furnace with a guillotine damper, whose guillotine is movable between a closed position, in which the guillotine closes the access to the inside of the oven, and an open position, in which this access is released .
• a guillotine damper allows, when the latter is in the closed position, to separate the furnace from the oven, for example for maintenance, without risk of liquid glass return.
• the translation function of the mechanical block is necessary to be able to close the oven, to prevent the routing member is in the axis of the guillotine when moving in the closed position.
• said guillotine damper is oriented vertically. In this configuration, it is thus possible to arrange a plurality of feeders along the same wall of the furnace.
• said charging head has a generally conical inner surface which widens from the distal end to the proximal end of the furnace.
• the invention also relates to the use of such an installation for melting vitrifiable materials.
• the invention further relates to a method of controlling a charging machine such as that described above, from at least one value of a physical variable impacted by the operation of the charger, said physical variable being preferably chosen among:
• control method comprising at least the following steps:
• This threshold value may refer either to an operating anomaly of the charger which one would like to avoid (eg blocking, breaking, extreme temperature) or on the contrary, to an optimal value of operation of this one of which one would like to approach .
• the translation instruction of the mechanical block is either transmitted to a human-machine interface for subsequent execution by an operator, or transmitted directly to motorized translational unit for automatic execution.
• said physical variable value is the torque supplied by the motorized drive unit of said routing member
• the value of this torque tends to decrease when the routing member is advanced in the sleeve towards the oven, and vice versa.
• the command command issued to reduce this torque is therefore to translate the routing member in the direction of charging.
• the command command issued to increase this torque is to translate the organ in the opposite direction.
• the measured physical variable is the intensity, proportional to the torque, of the motor of the motorized unit driving in rotation of a worm for conveying the composition to the oven, and that said threshold value is initially between 10 and 50%, preferably between 10 and 30%, preferably between 12 and 20%, more preferably between 14 and 16% of the maximum intensity admissible by said engine.
• the torque available in absolute value possibly makes it possible to solve a problem of blocking the member for conveying the composition into the oven.
• the threshold value of the motor intensity is 15% of the maximum intensity allowed by the motorized drive unit.
• the corresponding torque value is between 600 and 700 N / m.
• control in translation of the mechanical block downstream of the theoretical section plane of the guillotine is slaved to the arrangement thereof in the open position.
• the measured physical variable is the temperature within the sheath at its most upstream end, the order of command issued being to translate the routing member backwards when the measured temperature is equal to or greater than a temperature threshold value.
• the invention also relates to a control system of a charger as described above, comprising a processing module adapted for:
• the invention further relates to a computer program downloadable from a communication network and / or recorded on a recording medium adapted to be read by a computer and / or executed by a processor, comprising an instruction code for setting implement a control method as described above.
• the invention also relates to a computer recording medium on which is recorded such a computer program.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a vitrifiable material melting installation according to a particular embodiment of the invention
• Figure 2 is a kinematic diagram of a charger according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
• Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a control system of a charger according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
• Figure 4 is a flow diagram illustrating the successive steps of a method of controlling a charger according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
• the invention relates to a glass batch melting installation 10 comprising:
• the charging orifice is situated below the theoretical level of the liquid glass defined by the position of the weir of the liquid glass. It is then referred to submerged type of auger, which the invention is particularly applicable, given the risk of liquid glass return to the sleeve 4 and the pressure exerted by the latter on the cap, these two factors increasing significantly the resistance to the work of the routing member 6, and therefore the risk of blockage and / or deterioration.
• the charging can however be carried out above the theoretical level of liquid glass, along a side and / or oven gear 3.
• the invention also relates to a charger 1 comprising:
• this routing member 6 being at least partly arranged in the sleeve 4, and
• the mechanical block 5 is movable in translation relative to the sleeve 4, in the charging direction X.
• a magazine 1 according to the invention allows, via the translation of the mechanical block 5 relative to the sleeve 4, to maintain this resistance value, and therefore the corresponding value of the torque of the motorized drive unit 7, in an intermediate range. values allowing on the one hand to overcome the blockages of the drive motor and to limit the risk of damage to the latter and / or the routing member 7, while also avoiding the generation of instabilities in the smelting process and the return of gases.
• the magazine 1 comprises a sleeve 4 in which is housed a worm 6 movable in rotation about the loading axis X.
• This worm 6 thus acts as a delivery member of the composition 2 to the oven 3.
• the organ routing 6 may be in the form of a piston movable in translation in the direction of charging X, or any other type of routing member known from the state of the art.
• the routing member 6 is driven in rotation / translation by a motorized unit 7 comprising one or more motors.
• the assembly formed by this routing member 6 and the motorized drive unit 7 forms a mechanical block 5.
• a hopper on the sleeve 4 allows the introduction of the composition 2 of raw materials.
• the head of the charger also comprises a guillotine damper and a tubular connecting piece in the oven.
• the guillotine damper includes a fixed portion and a movable portion, referred to as a guillotine.
• On the fixed part of the register is fixed a tubular connection piece whose inner surface widens slightly towards the furnace of which only the tank side is shown.
• the tubular connector piece is inserted into the charging port.
• the connecting piece and the guillotine of the register are each traversed by a system of internal conduits for the circulation of a coolant. When the guillotine is in the closed position, it closes the access to the interior of the oven.
• the sleeve 4 of the charger 1 is secured to a frame 8 against which the mechanical block 5 is movable is translation. More specifically, and as illustrated by the kinematic diagram of Figure 2, the mechanical block 5 is fixed on a horizontal plate (not shown) which slides itself in the direction of charging X along side rails 14 secured to the frame 8. The translation of the mechanical block 5 relative to the frame is carried out by means of an assembly screw 15. It is to be understood that according to alternative embodiments, the mobility in translation of the mechanical block 5 with respect to the Sleeve 4 can be implemented by any arrangement and / or type of mechanical connection known from the state of the art, without departing from the scope of the invention.
• the translation of the mechanical block 5 is controlled manually, by means of a wheel for rotating the assembly screw 15.
• a translation can be controlled by means of a crank or any known mechanical device having a similar function.
• the translation is controlled by means of a motorized translational unit 9.
• An operator can thus be wholly or partly assisted for the positioning of the mechanical block 5.
• the charger 1 is equipped with a plurality of sensors including:
• the different sensors are coupled to a human-machine interface (not shown) adapted to communicate the measured values to an operator. The latter can then make the decision to modify or not the position of the mechanical block 5 relative to the sleeve 4, manually or with the assistance of a motorized translation unit 9.
• the translation of the mechanical block 5 is automated, via a control system 20 described in the present text, which offers the possibility of automatic servocontrol of the position of the screw 6 according to the measured torque, and therefore a continuous adaptation of the charger 1 to the charging conditions, according to a control method described in this text.
• control system 20 of a charger 1 such as that described in this text.
• a control system 20 comprises a processor 21 acting as a processing module, a storage unit 22, an interface unit 23 and measurement sensors 24, these elements being interconnected by a computer bus.
• the processor 21 controls the motorized unit 9 for translating the mechanical block 5.
• the storage unit 22 stores at least one program to be executed by the processor 21, and various data, including the data collected by the sensors of measurement 24, the parameters used by calculations made by the processor 21, or the intermediate data of the calculations performed by the processor 21.
• the processor 21 may be formed by any known or appropriate hardware or software, or by a combination of hardware and software. software.
• the storage unit 22 may be formed by any suitable storage or means adapted to store the program and the data in a computer readable manner.
• the program causes the processor 21 to implement a control method such as that described in the present text.
• the interface unit 23 provides an interface between the control system 20 and an external device.
• the interface unit 23 may in particular be in communication with the external device via a cable or a wireless communication.
• the external apparatus may be the motorized unit 9 for translating the mechanical block 5 and / or another component of the charger 1.
• values measured by the sensors 24 may be entered into the system 20 through the interface unit 23, then stored in the storage unit 22.
• processor 21 may comprise different modules and units implementing the functions performed by the control system 20. These functions can also be performed by a user. a plurality of interconnected processors 21.
• Figure 4 is a flow diagram illustrating the successive steps of a method of controlling a charger 1 according to a particular embodiment.
• step S1 During a first step (step S1), the following quantities are compared:
• the value of the motor intensity of the motorized driving unit 7 in rotation of the worm 6, proportional to the torque of the same motor, is compared with a threshold value set at 15% of the maximum intensity allowable by this engine, which corresponds in this case to an optimal operating value which we would like to approach, with a margin of deviation of 5%,
• step SI The temperature measured in the sheath 4, at its most upstream end, is compared with a threshold temperature value set at 50 ° C., which in this case corresponds to an extreme temperature that we would like to avoid.
• a priority is given in the control method on the maintenance of this temperature at the end of the sleeve 4 below the threshold value of 50 ° C.
• step SI the measured motor intensity value
• step S3 order is given by the processor 21 to advance (Step S3) the mechanical block 5 of 1 cm towards the furnace 3.
• the motorized translational unit 9 of the mechanical block 5 is then controlled (step S3) according to this instruction.
• step SI the measured motor intensity value
• step SI the measured motor intensity value
• step S2 the measured motor intensity value
• step S3 the mechanical block 5 of 1 cm.
• step SI the measured temperature
• step SI3 it is forbidden (step S2) to advance (step S3) the mechanical block 5, regardless of the measured motor intensity value (step IF).
• step SI the measured temperature
• the translation control of the mechanical block 5 downstream of the theoretical cutting plane of the guillotine is slaved to the arrangement thereof in the open position, to avoid contact between the worm 6 and the guillotine and therefore any deterioration that may result.
• This control method is repeated at a frequency of 10 minutes.
• this control method can be implemented on the basis of different types of measurements, different threshold values, and / or at different iteration frequencies.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
• Glass Melting And Manufacturing (AREA)
• Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
• Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
• Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
• Manufacturing And Processing Devices For Dough (AREA)
• Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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• 2017
  • 2017-11-30 FR FR1761399A patent/FR3074165B1/fr active Active
• 2018
  • 2018-11-27 AR ARP180103465A patent/AR113580A1/es active IP Right Grant
  • 2018-11-29 CA CA3082490A patent/CA3082490A1/fr active Pending
  • 2018-11-29 JP JP2020527910A patent/JP7152485B2/ja active Active
  • 2018-11-29 AU AU2018376727A patent/AU2018376727B2/en active Active
  • 2018-11-29 EP EP18827200.9A patent/EP3732138A1/de active Pending
  • 2018-11-29 BR BR112020010102-8A patent/BR112020010102A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2018-11-29 US US16/765,747 patent/US11787722B2/en active Active
  • 2018-11-29 WO PCT/FR2018/053038 patent/WO2019106301A1/fr unknown
  • 2018-11-29 KR KR1020207017779A patent/KR102675298B1/ko active IP Right Grant

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