EP3724905A1 - Dispositif d'interruption d'un circuit électrique - Google Patents

Dispositif d'interruption d'un circuit électrique

Info

Publication number
EP3724905A1
EP3724905A1 EP18839528.9A EP18839528A EP3724905A1 EP 3724905 A1 EP3724905 A1 EP 3724905A1 EP 18839528 A EP18839528 A EP 18839528A EP 3724905 A1 EP3724905 A1 EP 3724905A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pts
fuse
time
separation
current
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP18839528.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Rastislav KONKOL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Industrial Devices Europe GmbH
Original Assignee
Panasonic Industrial Devices Europe GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Panasonic Industrial Devices Europe GmbH filed Critical Panasonic Industrial Devices Europe GmbH
Publication of EP3724905A1 publication Critical patent/EP3724905A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
    • H01H39/006—Opening by severing a conductor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/0241—Structural association of a fuse and another component or apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/055—Fusible members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/47—Means for cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/10—Adaptation for built-in fuses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
    • H01H2039/008—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current using the switch for a battery cutoff
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/165—Casings
    • H01H85/17—Casings characterised by the casing material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/18—Casing fillings, e.g. powder

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for interrupting an electrical circuit, in particular such a device that can safely separate in a current range up to 100 kA.
  • breaker device is electric vehicles and other battery applications. Particularly in the case of an accident of an electric vehicle, it may be necessary to disconnect a circuit quickly and safely.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a device for interrupting an electrical circuit, which achieves separation even at high voltages or currents with high safety.
  • the object is achieved by a device according to claim 1. Further advantageous embodiments are subject of the dependent claims or described below.
  • the triggering of the pyrotechnic safety element preferably takes place on account of a current flowing in the circuit only if the current measured in the circuit has exceeded a certain value for a certain period of time (filtration time of the PTS). If the measured current exceeds a certain value, for example due to a lightning strike in an electric vehicle, but this excess does not last for a certain period of time, no triggering of the PTS would take place. This reduces the risk of triggering, although there is no situation in which circuit interruption is required or desired. Circuitically, such a delayed triggering can preferably be realized using an optical link.
  • the triggering of the PTS takes place only when, after the end of the filtration time of the PTS, a further specific period of time (delay time of the PTS) has elapsed. During this delay time, energy can still be stored in the fuse and destroyed.
  • the delay time is preferably 1 to 2 ms.
  • the sum of the filtration time of the PTS and the delay time of the PTS is referred to below as the tripping time of the PTS.
  • the filtration time of the PTS and / or the delay time of the PTS change automatically as a function of the outside temperature. Because the outside temperature can influence the time-current characteristic of the fuse. This change in fuse integrity due to a change in outside temperature can be compensated for by automatically changing the trip time of the PTS in the sense that the PTS trip occurs sooner or later. This ensures that the current does not exceed a certain value (for a longer time than the maximum tripping time).
  • triggering of the PTS can also be initiated independently of the measured current. This makes it possible for the circuit to be interrupted to be interrupted even at a time when no or only a small current flows in the circuit. A need may exist in electric vehicles, for example, when a collision of the vehicle is detected, which also leads to the deployment of an airbag.
  • the filtration time of the PTS is at least 500 ps.
  • the filtration time is in the range between 500 ps and 3 ms.
  • Tripping time of the PTS is preferably in the range between 500 ps and 30 ms.
  • the tripping time is selected so that the critical energy contribution from the weakest element in the system is not exceeded at any operating point.
  • the fuse is chosen so that it can safely separate in a current range up to at least 100 kA in the temperature range from -40 ° C to 125 ° C.
  • the fuse is chosen so that it can safely separate in a current range starting from 4 kA within the tripping time of the PTS in a temperature range of -40 ° C to 125 ° C.
  • the PTS is selected so that it can separate in a current range from 0 to at least the minimum current of the fuse, wherein the minimum current of the fuse is the weakest current at which the fuse still separates within the tripping time.
  • the PTS comprises an explosive charge located in a body.
  • the PTS can be activated by an electric detonator.
  • the PTS has a separation claw in the chamber which, after the separation process, divides the chamber into two separate and isolated spaces.
  • the separation claw is solid, so that it withstands a plasma attack for the required time.
  • the separation claw preferably consists of insulating material.
  • the separation claw forms part of a closed wall of insulating material.
  • the separation claw is immersed with extinguishing substance, such as, for example, extinguishing sand, and / or is coated with a extinguishing substance after separation from above.
  • the PTS comprises a hollow cylinder in which a piston is located, below which there is a separation claw. The separation claw is to cut through the conductor to be separated, which is located below it.
  • a quenching substance such as quenching sand
  • the residual pressure of the explosion of the explosive is used to accelerate the movement of the quenching substance into the separation chamber.
  • the conductor to be separated is a counterpart to the separation claw whose shape is complementary to that of the separation claw.
  • the PTS has a permanent magnet and a magnetic field concentrator, which is arranged parallel to the conductor to be separated. This may cause plasma bursts that may be generated after separation to be deleted.
  • two opposite side walls of the PTS are formed by plates consisting essentially of iron.
  • two opposite side walls of the PTS are formed by plates which are biased so that plasma sparks, which may arise in the PTS after separation, can be erased by means of the magnetic field generated by them.
  • a side wall of the PTS is connected to one end of a conductor that is part of the circuit.
  • the fuse comprises at least one fuse element.
  • the fusible conductor is preferably a metal strip comprising copper and silver.
  • the fuse comprises two substantially plate-shaped lid. At least one of the two plate-shaped covers preferably consists of iron. Preferably, a plate-shaped lid of the fuse is connected to one end of a conductor which is part of the circuit.
  • one of the plate-shaped lids of the fusible link is at the same time one of the two pre-magnetized plates of the PTS.
  • the fuse and the PTS are made tight. It is particularly advantageous if the fuse and the PTS have a common jacket. It is advantageous if the PTS can withstand high pressures. A pressure relief valve can be realized by weakening the jacket.
  • PTS and fuse allows for a much smaller PTS design compared to fuses made exclusively of a PTS.
  • the combination also makes it possible to minimize the losses that are typically caused by a fuse.
  • the fuse and the PTS are integrated in one component.
  • the size, ie the required volume, of the device can be considerably reduced.
  • the unwanted inductance can be reduced.
  • the integration takes place in a component in such a way that the integrated component can be cooled by a single cooling system. This simplifies temperature management.
  • the device according to the invention enables safe separation in a voltage range up to at least 1000 V.
  • Fig. 1 an interruption device according to the invention
  • Fig. 5 a preferred embodiment of a separation claw
  • Fig. 6 a circuit comprising a breaker device according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows an interruption device according to the invention in a vertical cross section and in plan view before the triggering of the pyrotechnic Sich mecanicsele- element (PTS).
  • the interruption device is essentially cuboid.
  • the cuboid has in particular two end faces 1, 2 and a bottom surface 3. In the plane of the bottom surface 3 extends from each end face to the outside in each case a rectangular metal plate 4 and 5 respectively.
  • the interruption device comprises a fuse and a pyrotechnic fuse element (PTS).
  • the one end wall 2 of the interruption device is formed by a side wall of the PTS.
  • the other end wall 1 is formed by a side wall of the fuse. Both end walls 1, 2 are in each case connectable to one end of a conductor, for example of copper, which is part of the electric circuit.
  • a side wall 6 of the fuse is also a side wall of the PTS. In this common side wall 6 is a plate-shaped lid made of iron.
  • the side walls of the interruption device, which are not end walls 1, 2, comprise an insulating jacket 7 with suitable thermal properties.
  • the strip-shaped fuse elements 8a, 8b, 8c lie partially in planes that are perpendicular to each other.
  • the fusible conductors 8a, 8b, 8c have portions of copper and portions of silver.
  • the sections of the fusible links made of silver have holes.
  • the PTS comprises a body 9 containing an explosive charge.
  • the PTS can be activated by an electric igniter whose contacts 10 are located on the upper side of the interruption device.
  • the PTS comprises a hollow cylinder 1 1, in which a piston 12 is located. Below the piston there is a separation claw 13. When the explosive charge explodes, the piston 12 and thus also the separation claw 13 are pressed downwards.
  • FIG. 7 shows the interruption device after the PTS has been triggered.
  • the PTS has a permanent magnet 18 and a magnetic field concentrator 19 made of cold-rolled iron sheets or soft iron wires, which is arranged parallel to the conductor 20, which is to be severed. This is to be able to delete plasma bursts that may occur in the PTS after separation.
  • the counterpart 21 is to the separation claw 13 whose shape is complementary to that of the separation claw.
  • the counterpart 21 is also made of insulating material.
  • the counterpart has the shape of a dome on the top of a cylinder 22 is seated, the horizontal end face is disposed below the conductor 20.
  • the separation claw 13 When the separation claw 13 is pushed down when the PTS is triggered, it cuts the conductor 20 in two places.
  • the thus-cut piece of the conductor 20 is fixed by being pinched between the cylinder 22 at the tip of the counterpart and the separation claw, and deformed by the shape of the counterpart 21 and the separation claw 13, respectively, so that the isola - tion distance is maximum.
  • Figure 2 shows the interruption device according to the invention according to Figure 1 in a side view and horizontally cut from above.
  • FIG. 3 shows an interruption device according to the invention in a semitransparent representation.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show preferred embodiments of the separation claw 13.
  • FIG. 6 shows a circuit comprising an interruption device according to the invention.
  • the PTS 23 and the fuse 24 are connected in series.
  • the triggering of the PTS 23 due to a current flowing in the circuit takes place only if the current measured in the circuit has exceeded a certain value for a certain period of time (filtration time of the PTS).
  • the triggering takes place only if in addition a certain additional period of time (delay time of the PTS) has passed.
  • the triggering can also be initiated independently of the measured current.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'interruption d'un circuit électrique, en particulier un tel dispositif, lequel peut se séparer en toute sécurité dans une plage de courant allant jusqu'à 100 kA. Le dispositif comprend un élément de sécurité pyrotechnique (PTS) et un claquage du fusible, le PTS et le claquage du fusible étant connectés en série et le PTS pouvant être déclenché activement. De préférence, le déclenchement du PTS en raison d'un courant circulant dans le circuit ne s'effectue que lorsque le courant mesuré dans le circuit a dépassé, pour une certaine période de temps (temps de filtration du PTS), une certaine valeur.
EP18839528.9A 2017-12-15 2018-12-13 Dispositif d'interruption d'un circuit électrique Withdrawn EP3724905A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017011631.8A DE102017011631B4 (de) 2017-12-15 2017-12-15 Vorrichtung zum Unterbrechen eines elektrischen Stromkreises
PCT/EP2018/084765 WO2019115693A1 (fr) 2017-12-15 2018-12-13 Dispositif d'interruption d'un circuit électrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3724905A1 true EP3724905A1 (fr) 2020-10-21

Family

ID=65199372

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18839528.9A Withdrawn EP3724905A1 (fr) 2017-12-15 2018-12-13 Dispositif d'interruption d'un circuit électrique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20210066011A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3724905A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102017011631B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019115693A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11355300B2 (en) * 2019-05-07 2022-06-07 Littelfuse, Inc. Active/passive automotive fuse module
FR3121268B1 (fr) * 2021-03-29 2024-02-16 Ncs Pyrotechnie Et Tech Sas Coupe-circuit pyrotechnique

Family Cites Families (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1073577B (de) * 1954-05-22 1960-01-21 FMAG Elektrizitats Gesellschart mbH Frankfurt/M Schnellabschaltvoi richtung
DE4211079A1 (de) * 1992-04-03 1993-10-07 Dynamit Nobel Ag Verfahren zum Sichern von Stromkreisen, insbesondere von hohen Strömen führenden Stromkreisen gegen Überströme und elektrisches Sicherungselement, insbesondere Hochstromsicherungselement
DE19749896A1 (de) * 1997-11-12 1999-06-02 Knipping Kunststofftechnik Wer Pyrotechnischer Sicherheitsschalter
US20020071233A1 (en) * 2000-12-13 2002-06-13 Bock Larry Edward TVSS fuse combination
JP4915473B1 (ja) * 2010-12-27 2012-04-11 ダイキン工業株式会社 切断装置
DE102011014343A1 (de) * 2011-03-18 2012-09-20 GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Gesetzen des Staates Delaware) Sicherungsvorrichtung für eine Spannungsversorgung eines Kraftfahrzeugs
KR101320720B1 (ko) * 2012-11-09 2013-10-21 스마트전자 주식회사 퓨즈 및 그 제조방법
US10170266B2 (en) * 2014-01-17 2019-01-01 First Resistor & Condenser Co., Ltd. Wire-wound fuse resistor and method for manufacturing same
JP6406189B2 (ja) * 2015-09-11 2018-10-17 豊田合成株式会社 導通遮断装置
AT517872B1 (de) * 2015-10-19 2017-08-15 Hirtenberger Automotive Safety Gmbh & Co Kg Pyrotechnische Trennvorrichtung
US10361048B2 (en) * 2016-05-11 2019-07-23 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Pyrotechnic circuit protection systems, modules, and methods
FR3051282B1 (fr) * 2016-05-16 2021-05-21 Herakles Dispositif de coupure destine a etre relie a un circuit electrique
DE102016122424B4 (de) * 2016-11-22 2023-06-07 Auto-Kabel Management Gmbh Trennvorrichtung mit Lichtbogenunterbrechung
FR3064107B1 (fr) * 2017-03-17 2023-03-10 Livbag Sas Interrupteur pyrotechnique avec moyens fusibles
FR3071660B1 (fr) * 2017-09-26 2019-10-11 Arianegroup Sas Dispositif de coupure pyrotechnique
DE102017125208B4 (de) * 2017-10-27 2021-08-12 Auto-Kabel Management Gmbh Elektrisches Sicherungselement sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben eines elektrischen Sicherungselementes
FR3073664B1 (fr) * 2017-11-14 2019-12-06 Arianegroup Sas Dispositif de coupure pyrotechnique
US10636607B2 (en) * 2017-12-27 2020-04-28 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited High voltage compact fused disconnect switch device with bi-directional magnetic arc deflection assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20210066011A1 (en) 2021-03-04
WO2019115693A1 (fr) 2019-06-20
DE102017011631B4 (de) 2020-02-13
DE102017011631A1 (de) 2019-06-19

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