EP3705789A1 - Système d'alimentation en eau et son procédé de fonctionnement - Google Patents

Système d'alimentation en eau et son procédé de fonctionnement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3705789A1
EP3705789A1 EP20161155.5A EP20161155A EP3705789A1 EP 3705789 A1 EP3705789 A1 EP 3705789A1 EP 20161155 A EP20161155 A EP 20161155A EP 3705789 A1 EP3705789 A1 EP 3705789A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hot water
water supply
supply system
heat
cold
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20161155.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3705789B1 (fr
Inventor
Roland Blumenthal
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gebr Kemper GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Gebr Kemper GmbH and Co KG
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Filing date
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Publication of EP3705789A1 publication Critical patent/EP3705789A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3705789B1 publication Critical patent/EP3705789B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/0078—Recirculation systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/02—Domestic hot-water supply systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1051—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water
    • F24D19/1054—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water the system uses a heat pump

Definitions

  • the present invention is in the field of building technology and relates to a water supply system in a building and a method for operating such a system.
  • a water supply system is connected to a public drinking water water supply. This connection is made via a house connection.
  • the house connection is characterized by a line passing through an outer wall of a building, usually in the area of a basement, with a water meter regularly being provided inside the building immediately adjacent to the penetration of the wall.
  • the drinking water supplied in this way is fed to a hot water supply system within the building and a cold water supply system within the building.
  • Each of the supply systems has at least one consumer.
  • a consumer of the system according to the invention is, in particular, a wash basin, a toilet, a shower, a bathtub or appliances that consume drinking water, such as washing machines, dishwashers, steam cookers or refrigerators.
  • the hot water supply system has at least one hot water supply line for connecting the consumer or consumers.
  • a hot water heat exchanger is installed in the hot water supply line, via which the water, which is initially regularly introduced into the building as cold drinking water, is brought to hot water temperature so that it is suitable for showering or bathing.
  • a hot water circulation line is provided to avoid the cooling of the hot water due to heat losses in the pipeline network, which returns the hot water from the hot water supply line to the heat exchanger.
  • a thermal regulating valve In the hot water circulation line, a thermal regulating valve is usually provided, which is provided with a thermal actuator that ensures such a circulation flow by setting it accordingly so that the required minimum temperature of the hot water is not fallen below either in the hot water supply line or in the hot water circulation line becomes. If the hot water is too cold due to insufficient circulation flow, the regulating valve increasingly opens a regulating gap so that an increasing volume flow of cooled hot water is fed to the heat exchanger and is heated again there by the heat exchanger.
  • the circulation is usually effected by a pump that is regularly installed in the hot water circulation line.
  • EP 3 037 591 B1 a cold water circulation known, which is intended to ensure that the cold water in the cold water supply system does not exceed a predetermined temperature.
  • a cold water circulation known, which is intended to ensure that the cold water in the cold water supply system does not exceed a predetermined temperature.
  • excessively heated cold water is fed to a cooling system via a cold water circulation line due to the heat absorption of the pipeline system, the volume flow usually being controlled by a thermal regulating valve.
  • the present invention also generally makes use of this basic proposal.
  • the prescribed solution has a heat exchanger that cools the drinking water.
  • the connection options described there for consumers to different line sections of the cold water supply lines are also conceivable configurations of the cold water supply system according to the invention. The same applies to the connection of consumers in the hot water supply system of the present invention.
  • a water supply system with the preamble features of claim 1 and a method for operating such a water supply system with the preamble features of claim 7 are from US Pat WO 2011/071369 A1 known.
  • drinking water is heated by a heating coil in a hot water buffer tank and heat loss is compensated for by circulating the warm drinking water with a heat transfer device that transfers heat between a cold water buffer tank and the hot water buffer tank.
  • the present invention is based on the problem of specifying a water supply system that can be operated more efficiently.
  • the solution according to the invention should be able to be operated in a more resource-saving manner.
  • the invention also aims to provide a corresponding method for operating a water supply system.
  • the present invention proposes a water supply system with the features of claim 1.
  • This has a heat transfer device that extracts heat from the cold water and transfers this heat to the hot water.
  • the cold water supply system is thermally coupled to the hot water supply system by the heat transfer device. This enables the thermal energy withdrawn from the cold water for cooling to be used to heat the To use hot water. In this way, the undesired circulation losses - heat dissipation to the environment in the hot water supply system and heat absorption from the environment in the cold water supply system - are combated much more efficiently.
  • the present invention is based on the fact that the heat extracted from the cold water is fed to the hot water, this does not necessarily mean that the exact amount of heat extracted from the cold water serves as heat input for the hot water, since all heat-transferring components entail certain heat losses.
  • the water supply system can be operated in a much more economical and resource-conserving manner, since, in contrast to the EP 3 037 591 B1 known proposal, the heat generated in the context of cooling the cold water supply system is fed into the hot water supply system.
  • any device can be used and understood that conducts at least a certain amount of heat from the heat extracted from the cold water during cooling to the hot water.
  • cooling is to be understood as a process which ensures that the cold water provided in the cold water supply system does not exceed the desired maximum temperature.
  • the maximum temperature is usually measured as the return temperature in the direction of flow directly in front of the heat transfer device or at the end or in the rear region of the cold water supply line.
  • the heat transfer device can be installed directly between the cold water supply system and the hot water supply system. Accordingly, the hot water is heated directly in the hot water supply system by the heat transfer of the heat transfer device.
  • such a solution is provided by a heat pump which transfers heat between the cold water circulation line and the hot water circulation line.
  • the heat pump is usually additionally supplied with electrical energy, so that the heat extracted from the cold water, together with the supplied electrical energy, leads to a heat input into the hot water supply system.
  • the heat pump is assigned to the respective circulation lines. These circulation lines are characterized in that they have a reduced flow diameter of at least one nominal diameter step compared to the respective supply lines for hot water or cold water.
  • the circulation line connects to the supply line which ends with the last consumer in the direction of flow. At this point or within the In the circulation line, a thermally regulating regulating valve is regularly provided, which regulates the circulation volume flow depending on the temperature.
  • the hot water or cold water circulation line usually only has to carry a circulation volume flow that is less than the supply flow.
  • the circulation line can also be laid as a pipe-in-pipe line within the supply line or a part of it for cold water or hot water.
  • Any heat pump that enables the necessary ratio of the heat extracted from the cold water and the heat supplied to the hot water to maintain a maximum permissible cold water temperature and / or minimum hot water temperature can be used as a heat pump in the context of the present invention. Depending on the application, it can also make sense to design a heat pump with the help of Peltier elements.
  • the electrical power supplied to the heat pump does not necessarily have to bring about a heat input into the hot water supply system within the scope of the invention. Rather, this electrical energy can be used solely for the pumping function of the heat pump, which consists in supplying the heat extracted from the cold water to the hot water.
  • the heat pump can, however, preferably be operated in such a way that circulation heat losses in the hot water supply system are completely compensated for by the electrical power and the heat extracted from the cold water. For example, in order to exchange circulation heat losses, the operation of a boiler, a burner or the like, which is provided in a primary circuit of the heat exchanger assigned to the hot water, can optionally be dispensed with.
  • the heat pump and the pumping capacity of assigned circulation pumps for the cold water and the hot water are preferably regulated in such a way that the cold water temperature required in the cold water system, preferably the temperatures required in the two systems, are achieved.
  • a pump is preferably also controlled, which is installed as a hot water heat exchanger pump in a primary circuit of the hot water heat exchanger and communicates with a buffer store.
  • the buffer storage of the hot water system is a heat storage device that can be used by operating the hot water heat exchanger pump to feed additional heat into the secondary system of the circulating hot water via the hot water heat exchanger.
  • a heat transfer device in the sense of the present invention can also transfer heat between two possibly Exchange material-identical heat transfer media, which are each connected to the cold or hot water via an assigned heat exchanger.
  • a hot water heat exchanger has already been described as a separation between a primary heat transfer medium and the hot water to be heated.
  • the cold water supply system can also have a cold water heat exchanger, the primary side of which communicates with a buffer store, preferably with the same buffer store as the primary side of the hot water heat exchanger.
  • the heat transfer takes place on the primary side between the heat transfer media of the hot water and cold water heat exchangers.
  • a heat pump can be integrated into the primary circuit of the buffer store. This does not necessarily mean that the heat pump is provided within the storage volume of the buffer storage tank. Rather, the heat pump can also be connected to the two storage volumes or the uniform storage volume of the buffer tank by pipes. The heat pump can, however, also be arranged within the uniform memory.
  • the heat pump usually causes temperature stratification in the buffer storage, so that a maximum of cold heat transfer medium of the primary circuit is provided at the bottom of the buffer storage, whereas maximally warm heat storage medium is provided in the uppermost area of the uniform buffer storage.
  • the supply lines connect to the heat accumulator for the cold water on the one hand and for the hot water on the other hand.
  • the return of the heat transfer media circulating in the primary circuits takes place in a central area of the buffer tank, with that from the cold water heat exchanger returned flow of the heat transfer medium is introduced below the corresponding medium returned by the hot water heat exchanger into the buffer storage.
  • the buffer memory can preferably according to one of the embodiments according to DE 20 2015 006 684 U1 be trained.
  • the uniform buffer store can be designed in such a way that, due to the internal heat pump, a heat flow within the buffer store flows from the cold to the warm side.
  • the performance of the four pumps involved and the heat pump is preferably regulated in such a way that the minimum hot water temperature in the hot water supply system is reached on the one hand and the maximum cold water temperature of the cold water supply system is not exceeded.
  • the heat pump which is assigned to the buffer memory and is preferably built into the buffer memory, can also use Peltier elements, as is the case with the DE 20 2015 006 684 U1 teaches.
  • the two basic alternatives described above each offer the possibility of maintaining the desired temperature values for providing drinking water to the respective consumers and at any other point in the drinking water supply system with a relatively simple structure in a water supply system in a building with cold and hot water.
  • the circulation-related heat losses of the domestic hot water are partially compensated for by extracting heat from the domestic hot water.
  • the solution according to the invention thus offers improved drinking water hygiene, since the cold drinking water does not reach a supercritical warm temperature, but at the same time also a more efficient use of energy and water resources. Because the temperature values for the cold water and the hot water are maintained and this circulates, regular flushing with the drainage of the cold drinking water and / or the hot drinking water can be reduced or completely dispensed with if used accordingly.
  • the two exemplary embodiments each illustrate a water supply system 2 which is connected to a house connection 4, the position of which is approximately indicated by a 5 water meter (not shown). In the direction of flow behind the house connection 4, the drinking water supplied is branched. This is either fed to a hot water supply system 6 or a cold water supply system 8.
  • the cold water introduced into the hot water supply system 6 is first passed through a hot water heat exchanger 10 and heated in the process.
  • the heat is provided via a primary circuit 12 of the hot water heat exchanger 10, which communicates with a buffer store 16 via a heat exchanger pump 14.
  • a heat generator, which supplies heat to the primary circuit 12, is usually also integrated in this primary circuit 12.
  • the warm drinking water TWW In the direction of flow of the warm drinking water TWW, it circulates from the house connection 4 via the warm water heat exchanger 10 through a warm water supply line 18 to various consumers that are directly connected to the warm water supply line 18.
  • the hot water supply line 18 ends behind the last consumer in the direction of flow. Behind it, a thermal regulating valve 20 is integrated into the hot water supply system 6.
  • the hot water supply line 18 is followed by a hot water circulation line 22 which returns the hot water TWW, which has cooled down due to circulation losses, to the hot water heat exchanger 10 via a hot water circulation pump 24.
  • the cold water supply system 8 is constructed in a corresponding manner.
  • the components conducting the cold drinking water TWK are identified with the reference symbols 26 to 32.
  • a heat exchanger which is built into the cold water supply system 8 is missing in this exemplary embodiment. This is because a corresponding heat exchanger 10 is necessary in the hot water supply system 6 for the provision of domestic hot water, whereas the cold water at the desired temperature is already provided at the house connection 4.
  • a heat pump 34 is located upstream of the pumps 24 or 32 in the direction of flow as an exemplary embodiment of a heat transfer device .
  • the dash-dotted lines in Figure 1 illustrate the control-related coupling between the hot water circulation pump 24, the cold water circulation pump 32 and the heat pump 34.
  • At least one thermometer is assigned to the control, which is provided in the area of the cold water circulation line 30 and monitors, for example, a cold water flow temperature with which the Cold water TWK cooled in the heat pump 34 is supplied to the cold water supply line 26. This temperature is the manipulated variable of the control loop.
  • the respective volume flows of the cold water TWK or the hot water TWW in the circulation lines 22, 30 are controlled in such a way that the corresponding preset flow temperature of the cold water TWK is reached taking into account the electrical power of the heat pump 34.
  • a greater heat output can be dissipated, for example, by increasing the volume flow of the domestic hot water through the output of the corresponding hot water circulation pump 24.
  • the hot water heat exchanger pump 14 is usually also integrated into the control circuit, which, if the domestic hot water TWW is insufficiently heated due to the heat pump 34, increasingly circulates the primary heat storage medium contained in the buffer 16 in order to increase the heat via the hot water heat exchanger 10 in the direction of the DHW transferring hot water.
  • the Figure 2 shows an alternative connection diagram for a second embodiment. The same components are compared to the in Figure 1
  • the connection diagram shown is provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the embodiment shown has the embodiment according to Figure 2 no heat pump that transfers heat between the two circulation lines 22, 30. Rather, the heat pump is located within the buffer store 16 and is identified by reference numeral 36. This buffer heat pump 36 ensures an appropriate temperature stratification within the buffer tank 16. The buffer heat pump 36 causes a heat flow from the cold side to the warm side of the buffer tank 16. The buffer heat pump 36 can according to FIG DE 20 2015 006 684 U1 be trained by the applicant.
  • the embodiment shown also has a cold water heat exchanger identified by reference numeral 38, to which a cold water heat exchanger pump 40 is assigned, which are parts of a primary circuit of the cold water supply system 8 identified by reference numeral 42.
  • a cold water heat exchanger pump 40 Via this cold water heat exchanger pump 40 the heat transfer medium of the primary circuit 42 of the cold water heat exchanger 38 circulates with the buffer storage 16.
  • the cold primary heat transfer medium is drawn off from the bottom of the buffer storage 16, fed to the cold water heat exchanger 38 and introduced into a central area in the buffer storage 16. The introduction takes place in the gravitational field of the earth below the buffer storage heat pump 36.
  • the heat transfer medium circulates on the primary side of the hot water heat exchanger 10 The area above the buffer heat pump 36 is fed back into the buffer storage 16.
  • the heat between the cold water and the hot water side is accordingly not pumped directly between TWW and TWK. Rather, the heat transfer takes place in the primary circuit. The heat transferred in this way is supplied to or withdrawn from the cold drinking water or hot drinking water via the respective heat exchangers 10, 38.
  • regulation preferably takes place via the flow temperature of the cold water.
  • the performance of the heat pump and the performance of the four pumps 14, 24, 32, 40 involved are set so that the desired flow temperature in the cold water supply system and the desired flow temperature in the hot water supply system are achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Domestic Hot-Water Supply Systems And Details Of Heating Systems (AREA)
EP20161155.5A 2019-03-07 2020-03-05 Système d'alimentation en eau et son procédé de fonctionnement Active EP3705789B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019203124.2A DE102019203124A1 (de) 2019-03-07 2019-03-07 Wasserversorgungssystem und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3705789A1 true EP3705789A1 (fr) 2020-09-09
EP3705789B1 EP3705789B1 (fr) 2023-05-03

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DE (1) DE102019203124A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4130584A1 (fr) * 2021-08-05 2023-02-08 EXERGENE Technologie GmbH Agencement de conduites à chauffage décentralisé d'eau potable et procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un agencement de conduites
EP4244539A4 (fr) * 2020-11-16 2024-05-01 Energybooster Ab Système de circulation d'eau chaude et son procédé de fonctionnement

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202009006988U1 (de) * 2009-05-14 2009-08-06 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Warmwasserversorgungsanlage mit einem Warmwasserspeicher
WO2011071369A1 (fr) 2009-12-11 2011-06-16 Hemme, Renerus Maria Dispositif d'alimentation en eau courante et procédé de lutte contre les pathogènes dans ledit dispositif
DE202014001131U1 (de) * 2014-02-05 2014-05-12 Robert Kremer Vorrichtung zur Trinkwasserversorgung für Kalt- und Warmwasser mit Wärmepumpe
DE202014103193U1 (de) * 2014-07-11 2015-07-15 Better Place GmbH Zirkulationsleitung für Kaltwasser
DE202015006684U1 (de) 2015-09-21 2016-12-23 Gebr. Kemper Gmbh + Co. Kg Metallwerke Pufferspeicher und Wärmeversorgungssystem enthaltend einen solchen
EP3037591B1 (fr) 2011-02-10 2017-08-23 Oventrop GmbH & Co. KG Systeme de boisson ou d'eau sanitaire

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202009006988U1 (de) * 2009-05-14 2009-08-06 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Warmwasserversorgungsanlage mit einem Warmwasserspeicher
WO2011071369A1 (fr) 2009-12-11 2011-06-16 Hemme, Renerus Maria Dispositif d'alimentation en eau courante et procédé de lutte contre les pathogènes dans ledit dispositif
EP3037591B1 (fr) 2011-02-10 2017-08-23 Oventrop GmbH & Co. KG Systeme de boisson ou d'eau sanitaire
DE202014001131U1 (de) * 2014-02-05 2014-05-12 Robert Kremer Vorrichtung zur Trinkwasserversorgung für Kalt- und Warmwasser mit Wärmepumpe
DE202014103193U1 (de) * 2014-07-11 2015-07-15 Better Place GmbH Zirkulationsleitung für Kaltwasser
DE202015006684U1 (de) 2015-09-21 2016-12-23 Gebr. Kemper Gmbh + Co. Kg Metallwerke Pufferspeicher und Wärmeversorgungssystem enthaltend einen solchen

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4244539A4 (fr) * 2020-11-16 2024-05-01 Energybooster Ab Système de circulation d'eau chaude et son procédé de fonctionnement
EP4130584A1 (fr) * 2021-08-05 2023-02-08 EXERGENE Technologie GmbH Agencement de conduites à chauffage décentralisé d'eau potable et procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un agencement de conduites

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Publication number Publication date
DE102019203124A1 (de) 2020-09-10
EP3705789B1 (fr) 2023-05-03

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