EP3702571A1 - Insulating glazing with electrically conductive coating and/or electrically conductive functional element - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to insulating glazing, comprising at least two panes 19, 20 and at least one spacer 5, the spacer being connected to the two panes via a sealing means 4, so that at least one glazing interior 3 and at least one glazing exterior 13 are formed, with at least a pane is provided with an electrically conductive coating 1 and / or an electrically conductive functional element on the side facing the glazing interior and at least two busbars 22 are arranged thereon, the electrically conductive coating 1 and / or the electrically conductive functional element extending over the glazing interior 3 extends out into the glazing outer space 13 and the bus bars 22 are positioned in the glazing outer space. The insulating glazing according to the invention can significantly improve the aesthetic appearance of the insulating glazing compared to the prior art e can be reached because the busbar can be positioned closer to the edge of the glazing and is therefore not visible.

Description

The invention relates to insulating glazing which comprises an electrically conductive coating and / or an electrically conductive functional element.

Insulating glazing is widely used as glazing in buildings. Insulating glazing is also being installed more and more frequently in glass facades for aesthetic reasons, especially if the facade is designed as an all-glass facade.

Insulating glazing consists of at least two panes that are kept at a distance from one another by a spacer. The disks can have a coating, e.g. a heat protection and / or sun protection coating. Coatings containing silver, in particular, enable low transmission of infrared radiation and thus lower the temperature inside the building. The thermal insulation of double glazing is significantly better than that of single glazing and can be further improved with triple glazing.

In addition to the important property of thermal insulation, functional, optical and aesthetic features are increasingly playing an important role in the field of building glazing. Functional coatings or functional elements are generally required for this. Such functional coatings or functional elements are usually to be electrically contacted with a supply voltage, for which further components, e.g. Connection elements and bus bars are to be provided. In principle, every additional component increases the complexity of insulating glazing and can worsen the insulating effect.

In addition, the optical transparency and the overall optical impression of the insulating glazing are also often impaired. For example, insulating glazing with an electrochromic coating requires electrical connections and bus bars. A problem, for example, with those in insulating glazing Bus bars is connected, which are generally located in the glazing interior, consists in the fact that the bus bars are visible from the outside, which reduces the visible area of the window and, moreover, is disadvantageous from an aesthetic point of view.

The prior art typically resorted to an opaque coating, usually screen printed onto a pane, or an opaque component attached to a pane to hide the busbar. However, this is associated with disadvantages, since the aesthetic benefit is limited, since relatively large areas of the pane must be provided with the opaque coating or component in order to achieve a suitable covering of the busbar, which excessively restricts the visible area of the insulating glass.

Since the busbars are positioned in the interior of the glazing and electrical connection elements for connection to a power supply are usually routed through the exterior of the glazing, contact elements that connect the busbars and the connection elements must pass through the spacer or through the sealant connecting the spacer and the pane from the glazing interior to the Glazing outside space are performed, which requires suitable openings in the spacer or assembly before the sealant hardens. This complicates the production and can also impair the insulating effect.

In addition, the opaque coating or component can also impair the thermal properties of the insulating glazing because they usually have different thermal characteristics than the panes, e.g. with regard to thermal expansion, which can lead to mechanical stress or even to thermal breakage when there are temperature changes. These disadvantageous effects are greater, the greater the area that has to be provided with the opaque coating or component.

Nowadays, the busbars in the double glazing are only covered from the outside. When viewed from the inside of a room, the bus bars and the soldering surface are visible, which is also detrimental to the aesthetics.

The object of the present invention was therefore to overcome the above-mentioned problems in the prior art. In particular, the object was to improve the aesthetic appearance of insulating glazing in which busbars are present as elements to be covered, such as e.g. for insulating glazing with an electrochromic coating.

The inventors have now found that this object can be achieved in that the busbars are not positioned in the interior of the glazing, but rather in the exterior of the insulating glazing.

The object of the present invention is therefore achieved according to the invention by insulating glazing according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments emerge from the subclaims.

Accordingly, the present invention relates to insulating glazing, comprising at least two panes and at least one spacer, which has two pane contact surfaces that run parallel to one another,
wherein the one pane contact surface is connected to the one pane via a sealing means and the other pane contact surface is connected to the other pane via a sealing means, so that at least one glazing interior and at least one glazing exterior are formed,
at least one pane on the side facing the glazing interior is at least partially provided with an electrically conductive coating and / or an electrically conductive functional element and at least two busbars are arranged on the electrically conductive coating and / or on the electrically conductive functional element and thus in electrical contact stand, where
the electrically conductive coating and / or the electrically conductive functional element extends beyond the glazing interior into the Glazing exterior extends and the at least two busbars arranged thereon are positioned in the glazing exterior.

The insulating glazing according to the invention can achieve a significant improvement in the aesthetic appearance of the insulating glazing compared to the prior art, since the busbar can be positioned closer to the edge of the glazing and is therefore less visible. In addition, the bus bars are not visible when viewed from the inside of a room, which is particularly advantageous in terms of aesthetics.

A particular advantage is that a cover, e.g. by an additional opaque coating, can be omitted. This also eliminates the disadvantages described above, which result from the different thermal properties of the insulating glazing and the applied privacy screen. This has the advantage that the thermal stress on the edge area is significantly lower. This has i.a. Influence on the decision whether toughened glass has to be used on the outside. If toughened glass is not required, this also reduces costs.

Another advantage is that elements for electrically connecting the busbar to the power supply do not have to be passed through the spacer or the sealant, which simplifies production and can improve the insulating effect. Furthermore, contact between the spacer and busbar is avoided.

In addition, a larger amount of sealing can be introduced into the outer space of the glazing, since the spacer can be positioned further away from the edge region of the insulating glazing compared to the prior art, which improves the gas tightness of the insulating glazing.

The invention is explained in detail below.

The insulating glazing comprises at least two panes which are held at a distance from one another by at least one spacer. Another name for insulating glazing is multi-pane insulating glass. The insulating glazing can e.g. a double-pane insulating glass which comprises two panes, a triple-pane insulating glass which comprises three panes, or a four-pane insulating glass which comprises four panes. The insulating glazing preferably comprises two or three panes.

Of the at least two panes of double glazing, two panes are outer panes that are in contact with the outside environment. Of an outer pane, one side, the inner side or inner side, faces a glazing interior, and the other side, the outer side or outer side, faces the outside environment. In a preferred embodiment, an outer pane is a laminated glass made of at least two individual glasses, in particular the outer pane, which faces outwards in the installed state. If the insulating glazing comprises more than two panes, one or more panes, the inner panes, are arranged between the two outer panes. One side of an inner pane faces a glazing interior and the other side faces another glazing interior.

The insulating glazing according to the invention comprises at least one spacer, preferably one or two spacers. The spacer has two disk contact surfaces that run parallel to one another. The spacers known from the prior art can be used as spacers.

Spacers that space two panes apart are common. These can generally be used for multi-pane insulating glass, such as double-pane insulating glass, three-pane insulating glass and four-pane insulating glass. For three-pane insulating glass and four-pane insulating glass, two or three such spacers are accordingly required, a first spacer for spacing one outer pane from the inner pane and a second spacer for spacing the other outer pane from the inner disc. Spacers are also known which can space three disks from one another.

In a preferred embodiment, the spacer has a glazing inner space surface which is connected to the two pane contact surfaces, and an outer surface which is connected to the two pane contact surfaces directly or via connection surfaces. The glazing interior surface faces the glazing interior, while the outer surface, often also referred to as the bonding surface, faces the glazing exterior.

In a preferred embodiment, the outer surface is connected to the two disc contact surfaces via connecting surfaces, i.e. via a connection surface with a disk contact surface and / or via another connection surface with the other disk contact surface, wherein preferably both disk contact surfaces are connected to the outer surface via such connection surfaces. For example, the connection surface can be at an angle in the range from 30 ° to 60 ° to the outer surface. The two pane contact surfaces are generally approximately perpendicular or perpendicular to the plane in which the outer surface is located and / or to the plane in which the glazing interior surface is located. As a rule, the outer surface and the interior surface of the glazing run parallel to one another. The glazing interior surface is usually directly connected to the two pane contact surfaces. The glazing interior surface can, however, optionally also be connected to the pane contact surfaces via connection surfaces.

The spacer can optionally have one or more cavities inside, preferably a central cavity. Desiccant is usually contained in the cavity or cavities. The interior surface of the glazing preferably has openings in order to facilitate the absorption of atmospheric moisture by desiccants that may be present in the spacer.

It goes without saying that the dimensions of the spacer depend on the dimensions of the insulating glazing. The width of the spacer can be, for example, in the range from 4 to 30 mm, preferably 8 to 16 mm. The height of the spacer can, for example, be in the range from 5 to 15 mm, preferably 5 to 10 mm. The width of a spacer refers to the direction from one side contact surface to the other side contact surface. The height refers to the direction from the outer surface to the glazing interior surface.

In the case of a three-pane insulating glass, a spacer can be used in an alternative embodiment which is suitable for spacing three panes apart. Such a spacer corresponds to a spacer as described above, except that a receiving device for a pane is additionally provided in the interior surface of the glazing. The receiving device for a disc can e.g. be designed in the form of a groove. If this type of spacer has one or more desiccant-containing cavities inside, two cavities are preferably present, one cavity being on one side of the receiving device and the other cavity being on the opposite side of the receiving device. As I said, two individual spacers can also be used for three-pane insulating glass to keep two panes apart.

It goes without saying that the dimensions of the spacer, which is suitable for spacing three panes apart, also depend on the dimensions of the insulating glazing. The width of such a spacer can e.g. in the range from 10 to 50 mm, preferably 20 to 36 mm. The height can e.g. in the range from 5 to 15 mm, preferably 5 to 10 mm.

The spacer used in the double glazing is e.g. formed from metal or plastic, plastic is preferred. Examples of suitable metals are stainless steel and aluminum. As plastic, materials with lower thermal conductivity, so-called "warm edge" systems, are preferred. Plastic spacers are also known as polymeric spacers.

Spacers made of plastic can, for example, contain one or more polymers selected from polyethylene (PE), polycarbonate (PC), polypropylene (PP), Polystyrene, polybutadiene, polynitrile, polyester, polyurethane, polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylate, polyamide, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), silicone, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), acrylic ester-styrene-acrylonitrile (ASA), acrylonitrile-butadiene Contains styrene-polycarbonate (ABS / PC), styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN), PET / PC, PBT / PC and / or copolymers thereof, whereby ABS, ASA, ABS / PC, SAN, PET / PC, PBT / PC and / or copolymers thereof are preferred.

The spacers, especially those made of plastic, can optionally contain one or more additives that are customary for such materials, for example drying agents, coloring agents, for example pigments or dyes, reinforcing materials, fillers, light stabilizers, stabilizers, release agents and the like. Desiccants can be contained in cavities or recesses in the spacer or in the plastic matrix of the spacer. Other additives are usually contained in the plastic matrix of the spacer. Examples of suitable drying agents are silica gels, molecular sieves, CaCl ₂ , Na ₂ SO ₄ , activated carbon, silicates, bentonites, zeolites and / or mixtures thereof.

The spacer can be transparent, but in a preferred embodiment it is not transparent, i. opaque. Usual colors for the spacer are e.g. black, white, brown, or gray, especially if it is a plastic spacer. With a metal spacer, the color is usually determined by the material used.

The panes of the insulating glazing can be made of organic glass or, preferably, of inorganic glass. In an advantageous embodiment of the insulating glazing according to the invention, the panes can be made of flat glass, float glass, soda-lime glass, quartz glass or borosilicate glass, independently of one another. The thickness of each disk can vary and thus be adapted to the requirements of the individual case. Discs with standard thicknesses of 1 mm to 19 mm and preferably of 2 mm to 8 mm are preferably used. The discs can be colorless or colored. At least one pane can be designed as a structured glass. The panes of the insulating glazing are in particular insulating glass panes, composite panes or individual panes of glass. A composite pane can comprise at least two panes which are connected to one another via an intermediate layer. The intermediate layer can preferably be a thermoplastic such as polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyurethane (PU) or several layers thereof, preferably with thicknesses of 0.3 mm to 0.9 mm.

The insulating glazing preferably comprises at least one pane, more preferably at least two panes, which are or are, independently of one another, a float glass pane, a laminated pane, structured glass or a colored or satined glass. At least one pane is more preferably a float glass pane.

The insulating glazing comprises at least one pane, which is at least partially provided with an electrically conductive coating and / or an electrically conductive functional element on the side facing the or a glazing interior. The electrically conductive coating can optionally be an electrically switchable coating. The electrically conductive functional element can optionally be an electrically switchable functional element.

The electrically conductive coating or the electrically conductive functional element is generally provided on an inside of one of the two outer panes or, if present, on one of the sides of an inner pane, the electrically conductive coating or the electrically conductive functional element preferably on an inside an outer disc is applied. In a preferred embodiment, the outer pane, on the inside of which the electrically conductive coating or the electrically conductive functional element is attached, is the outer pane, which faces outwards when installed, the outer pane preferably being a laminated glass made of at least two individual glasses.

Such an electrically conductive coating or such an electrically conductive functional element can function, for example, as lighting, heating or antenna be used in electrically switchable glazing such as displays or electrochromic glazing. Such a coating or such a functional element can, for example, also be suitable for an alarm glass for intrusion detection or a glass for protection against electromagnetic radiation.

The electrically conductive coating or the electrically conductive functional element are preferably an electrochromic coating, a transparent, electrically conductive coating or one or more photovoltaic elements such as solar cells for generating electrical power, an electrochromic coating being particularly preferred.

The electrochromic coating preferably comprises at least two electrode layers and two electrochemically active layers located between the two electrode layers, which are separated from one another by an electrolyte layer. The two active layers are each able to reversibly store small ions, with at least one of the two layers consisting of an electrochromic material that has different oxidation states that correspond to the stored or removed state of the ions and have a different color. By applying electrical voltages of different polarity, the storage or removal of the ions can be controlled in order to have a targeted influence on the optical transmission of the coating.

The transparent, electrically conductive coating can be permeable for electromagnetic radiation, preferably electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of 300 to 1,300 nm, in particular for visible light of 390 nm to 780 nm. “Transparent” means that the total transmission of the pane is especially preferably> 70% and especially> 75% transparent to visible light.

The transparent, electrically conductive coating is preferably a functional coating, more preferably a coating with a sun protection effect. A coating with a sun protection effect has reflective properties in the infrared range. The transparent, electrically conductive coating can have particularly low emissivities (Low-E). This advantageously reduces heating of the interior of a building as a result of solar radiation. Panes that are provided with such a transparent, electrically conductive coating are commercially available and are referred to as low-E glass (low-emissivity glass).

Such coatings typically contain at least one metal, in particular silver or an alloy containing silver. The transparent, electrically conductive coating can comprise a sequence of a plurality of individual layers, in particular at least one metallic layer and dielectric layers which, for example, contain at least one metal oxide. The metal oxide preferably contains zinc oxide, tin oxide, indium oxide, titanium oxide, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide or the like and combinations of one or more thereof. The dielectric material can also contain silicon nitride, silicon carbide or aluminum nitride.

Particularly suitable transparent, electrically conductive coatings contain at least one metal, preferably silver, nickel, chromium, niobium, tin, titanium, copper, palladium, zinc, gold, cadmium, aluminum, silicon, tungsten or alloys thereof, and / or at least one metal oxide layer , preferably tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO, SnO2: F), antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO, SnO2: Sb), and / or carbon nanotubes and / or optical transparent, electrically conductive polymers, preferably poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophenes), polystyrene sulfonate, poly (4,4-dioctylcylopentadithiophene), 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone, mixtures and / or copolymers from that.

The transparent, electrically conductive coating preferably has a layer thickness of 10 nm to 5 μm and particularly preferably 30 nm to 1 μm. The sheet resistance of the transparent, electrically conductive coating is, for example, 0.35 ohm / square to 200 ohm / square, preferably 0.6 ohm / square to 30 ohm / square and in particular from 2 ohm / square to 20 ohm / square.

The insulating glazing comprises at least two busbars which are arranged on the electrically conductive coating and / or on the electrically conductive functional element and are therefore in electrical contact. The busbar is also referred to as a busbar or "bus bar".

The electrically conductive coating, in particular the electrochromic coating, or the electrically conductive functional element are thus electrically connected to the at least two busbars. As a rule, two bus bars are provided on the electrically conductive coating or on the electrically conductive functional element. Since the busbars impair the aesthetics of the insulating glazing, the busbar should be covered as largely as possible, i.e. not visible at the usual viewing angles on the insulating glazing.

The busbar is e.g. strip-shaped or wire-shaped. The bus bar is made of an electrically conductive material, e.g. Silver, copper, copper alloy or aluminum. He can e.g. be produced by printing a conductive silver paste on the electrically conductive and / or electrically switchable coating for electrical contacting. The conductive silver paste contains silver particles and optionally glass frits. The layer thickness of the stoved conductive paste is e.g. about 5 µm to 20 µm. The bus bar can also be formed from metal foil strips or metal wires which contain or are formed from copper, a copper alloy or aluminum. The metal foil strips or metal wires can be applied to the electrically conductive and / or electrically switchable coating by means of an electrically conductive adhesive.

In the insulating glazing according to the invention, a pane contact surface of a spacer is connected to a pane via a sealant and the other pane contact surface of the spacer is connected to another pane via a sealant. In this way, at least one glazing interior and at least one glazing exterior are formed.

The interior of the glazing is delimited by the two panes, the spacer and the sealing means placed between the pane and the pane contact surface and represents a closed cavity. The interior of the glazing can be filled with air or another gas, in particular a noble gas such as e.g. Argon or krypton. Using a spacer spacing three panes apart as described above, two glazing interiors are formed, one between an outer pane and the inner pane and one between the other outer pane and the inner pane. The glazing interior surface of the spacer faces the glazing interior.

The outer space of the glazing is also formed by the two panes, the spacer and the sealant placed between the pane and the pane contact surface and is located opposite the inner space of the glazing in the outer edge area of the insulating glazing. The outer space of the glazing is open on the side opposite the spacer. The outer surface of the spacer faces the outer space of the glazing.

The panes, the sealant placed between the pane and the pane contact surface and the spacer delimit the interior of the glazing from the exterior of the glazing and belong neither to the interior nor to the exterior of the glazing.

The sealing means for connecting the side contact surface of the spacer and the pane serves on the one hand to glue the spacer to the pane and on the other hand to seal the gap between the spacer and pane. Suitable sealants are based e.g. on butyl rubber, polyisobutylene (PIB), polyethylene vinyl alcohol, ethylene vinyl acetate, polyolefin rubber, copolymers and / or mixtures thereof.

An essential feature of the insulating glazing according to the invention is that the electrically conductive coating and / or the electrically conductive functional element extends beyond the interior of the glazing into the exterior of the glazing extends. The electrically conductive coating and / or the electrically conductive functional element can be arranged on the pane over the entire area or over part of the area in the area of the interior of the glazing. The electrically conductive coating and / or the electrically conductive functional element extends from the glazing interior out into the area of the glazing exterior. The electrically conductive coating and / or the electrically conductive functional element is located between the glazing interior and the glazing exterior between the pane on which it is applied and the sealing means. The electrically conductive coating and / or the electrically conductive functional element can be arranged on the pane over the entire area or over part of the area in the area of the outer space of the glazing.

Another essential feature of the insulating glazing according to the invention is that the at least two bus bars, which are arranged on the electrically conductive coating and / or the electrically conductive functional element, are positioned in the outer space of the glazing.

By positioning the busbar in the outer space of the glazing, an improved concealment of the busbar is achieved. When installed, concealment is achieved from all angles.

The spacer is generally arranged circumferentially on the panes. The spacer can be formed in one piece or in several pieces. The at least two bus bars are preferably two bus bars. The at least two busbars preferably run parallel to the spacer in the outer space of the glazing.

The spacer is generally designed in the form of a rectangle in plan view. Usually the spacer is symmetrical, ie it has the same distance from the edge of the insulating glass on all sides of the insulating glass. In an alternative embodiment, the spacer can be designed asymmetrically, so that the distance between the spacer and the edge of the insulating glazing is on the sides of the insulating glazing where there is no busbar is arranged, is smaller than the distance of the spacer to the edge of the double glazing on the sides of the double glazing where a busbar is arranged. In both the symmetrical and the asymmetrical embodiment, the bus bars generally run parallel to the spacer.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, two bus bars are arranged on opposite sides of the insulating glazing in the exterior of the glazing. The busbars are preferably arranged such that they are arranged horizontally when the insulating glazing is installed. But it is also possible for them to be arranged vertically when installed.

In special cases the busbar can also be led around the corner, i.e. the busbar is located on two sides of the double glazing that are connected to each other. In some embodiments, the busbar can also be designed to be interrupted, in particular in the case of large insulating glazings. In this case, two or more connecting cables can be attached.

The busbar located in the outer space of the glazing can be arranged adjacent to the sealing means. The busbar is preferably at a distance from the sealing means.

Depending on the position of the electrically conductive coating or the electrically conductive functional element, the at least two busbars are generally connected to an inside of one of the two outer panes or, if present, to one of the sides of an inner pane, the busbars preferably being connected to an inside of an outer one Disc are connected. When the insulating glazing is installed, it can be the outer pane that faces the interior space, or the outer pane that faces away from the interior space.

Furthermore, the insulating glazing generally has one or more, preferably at least one or two, electrical connection elements for connection to one Power supply and one or more, preferably at least one or two, electrical contact elements for electrically connecting the busbar to the electrical connection elements.

As usual, the connection elements are usually housed in the exterior of the glazing. An advantage of positioning the busbars in the outside of the glazing is that they can be connected in a simple manner by the contact elements to the connection elements also arranged in the outside of the glazing, while when the busbars are positioned in the inside of the glazing according to the prior art, the contact elements are connected by the spacer or the Sealant must be performed.

The connection elements can e.g. be a cable and / or a flexible printed circuit board with at least one electrical component. The cable can e.g. be a flat cable or a round cable. The cable can have one or more conductors. Flexible printed circuit boards usually have a flexible plastic carrier on which an electronic circuit is printed.

The electrical contact element for electrically connecting the bus bars to the electrical connection element is e.g. a spring contact, or contact is preferably made by means of soldering, adhesive contacts are also conceivable. Suitable contact elements are familiar to the person skilled in the art, for example also in the form of plug contacts or crimp connections.

The one or more, preferably at least two, electrical connection elements of the insulating glazing are expediently positioned in the outer space of the glazing below the outer surface of the spacer. The one or more, preferably at least two, electrical connection elements of the insulating glazing are preferably led to the outside from the sealed outer glazing space.

In the insulating glazing according to the invention, an outer seal is generally introduced into the at least one outer glazing space as usual. The outer seal can directly adjoin the outer surface of the spacer or be connected to it via a sealant. Suitable intervening sealants are e.g. the sealants described above. The outer seal usually fills the outer space of the glazing in its entire width between the panes.

In the insulating glazing according to the invention, the spacer can be positioned further away from the edges of the insulating glass, in particular on the sides of the insulating glazing where a busbar is arranged. This results in a larger outer glazing space, at least on the sides where a busbar is positioned. This means that a larger amount of seal can be introduced into the outer space of the glazing, as a result of which the gas-tightness of the insulating glazing can be improved.

The outer seal preferably contains a polymer or a silane-modified polymer, particularly preferably organic polysulfides, silicones, silicone rubber, which can be room temperature crosslinked, high temperature crosslinked, peroxidically crosslinked and / or addition crosslinked, polyurethanes and / or butyl rubber. Such materials adhere very well to glass, so that the outer seal is primarily used to bond the panes and contribute to the mechanical stability of the insulating glazing. In an optional embodiment, additives to increase the aging resistance, for example UV stabilizers, can also be included.

The insulating glazing can furthermore comprise at least one opaque flat screen element which is applied in the edge region of a pane. The opaque, flat privacy screen element, if used, is preferably applied to an outer pane and in particular to the outer side of the outer pane. The privacy screen element can also be formed circumferentially on the edge area of the pane.

One advantage of the present invention, however, is that an opaque flat screen element is not required to cover the bus bars. Because the busbars are positioned in the outer space of the glazing, there is no need for a layer protection element to visually conceal the busbars. The optical obscuration is already guaranteed by the positioning.

The opaque flat screen element, if e.g. used for other reasons, is made of opaque material so that an object behind it cannot be recognized. The opaque sheet metal screen element may be an opaque coating, usually screen printed onto a pane, or an opaque component that is attached to a pane, e.g. an adhesive tape, wherein the privacy screen element is preferably formed by an opaque coating and in particular by screen printing.

In a preferred embodiment, the insulating glazing comprises two panes and a spacer, so that a glazing interior and a glazing exterior are formed.

In another preferred embodiment, the insulating glazing comprises three panes and one or two spacers, the three panes representing a first pane, a second pane and a third pane, the third pane being arranged between the first and second panes and parallel thereto, wherein a first glazing interior and a second glazing interior and a first glazing exterior and optionally a second glazing exterior are formed by the panes and the spacer (s), the electrically conductive coating and / or the electrically conductive functional element on a side of the first facing the first or second glazing interior Disc or the second disc or on one side of the third disc is provided, wherein
in the case of two spacers, a first spacer having a disc contact surface via a sealant with the first disc and with the the other disk contact surface is connected to the third disk via a sealant and the second spacer is connected to a disk contact surface via a sealant to the third disk and to the other disk contact surface via a sealant to the second disk, or
In the case of a spacer, the spacer is provided in a glazing interior surface with a receiving device for a pane, the spacer being connected to one pane contact surface via a sealant to the first pane and to the other pane contact surface via a sealant to the second pane and the third Disc is received in the receiving device of the spacer.

The insulating glazing according to the invention is particularly suitable as building interior glazing, building exterior glazing or facade glazing. The invention therefore also relates to the use of the insulating glazing according to the invention as building interior glazing, building exterior glazing or facade glazing.

The invention is explained in more detail below by means of drawings and exemplary embodiments. The drawings are schematic representations and are not true to scale and in no way limit the invention.

Fig. 1

eine Querschnittdarstellung einer Isolierverglasung nach dem Stand der Technik mit einer elektrisch leitfähigen und/oder elektrisch schaltbaren Beschichtung auf einer Scheibenseite,

Fig. 2

eine Querschnittdarstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Isolierverglasung mit einer elektrisch leitfähigen und/oder elektrisch schaltbaren Beschichtung auf einer Scheibenseite,

Fig. 3a

eine Querschnittdarstellung einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Isolierverg lasu ng,

Fig. 3b

eine Querschnittdarstellung einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Isolierverglasung,

Fig. 4

eine Draufsicht der erfindungsgemäßen Isolierverglasung gemäß Fig. 2.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a cross-sectional view of an insulating glazing according to the prior art with an electrically conductive and / or electrically switchable coating on one side of the pane,

Fig. 2

a cross-sectional view of insulating glazing according to the invention with an electrically conductive and / or electrically switchable coating on one side of the pane,

Fig. 3a

a cross-sectional view of a further insulating glazing according to the invention,

Figure 3b

a cross-sectional view of a further insulating glazing according to the invention,

Fig. 4

a top view of the insulating glazing according to the invention Fig. 2 .

Fig. 1 shows a detail of an insulating glazing according to the prior art in cross section. The insulating glazing comprises a first pane 19 and a second pane 20, which are connected via a spacer 5. The spacer 5 is attached between the first disk 19 and the second disk 20 arranged parallel thereto. The spacer 5 has a first pane contact surface 7.1, a second pane contact surface 7.2, which runs parallel to the first pane contact surface, an outer surface 9 and a glazing interior surface 8. The outer surface 9 is connected to the two disc contact surfaces 7.1, 7.2 each via a connecting surface. The spacer has a cavity 10 in which a desiccant 11 is contained. A glazing interior 3 (not shown in full) is defined by the first pane 19, the second pane 20 and the glazing interior surface 8 of the spacer. The first disk 19 is connected to the first disk contact surface 7.1 via a sealing means 4 and the second disk 20 is connected to the second disk contact surface 7.2 via a sealing means 4. A glazing outer space 13 is delimited by the first pane 19, the second pane 20 and the outer surface 9 of the spacer and is filled with an outer seal 6.

The first disk 19 has an electrically conductive coating 1 on the inside surface. The electrically conductive coating 1 is an electrochromic coating. The coating 1 extends almost completely over the inside surface of the pane, minus an edge stripping from the pane edge of the pane. The coating 1 is contacted by a bus bar 22, which is located in the glazing interior 3. The insulating glazing has electrical connection elements 14, for example ribbon cables or cables, which are arranged below the outer surface 9 of the spacer and can be connected to a voltage source (not shown). Connection element 14 and busbar 22 are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner via an electrical contact element 2. The electrical contact between the electrically conductive and / or electrically switchable coating 1 and busbar 22 and between busbar 22 and contact element 2 can be produced by soldering or gluing with an electrically conductive adhesive. The contact element 2 can from consist of a flexible cable. The cable can be T-shaped and have two metallic contacting surfaces on its two side arms, which are provided for contacting the busbar 22.

The busbar 22 was produced by printing a conductive paste and electrically contacted on the electrically conductive coating 1. The conductive paste, also known as silver paste, contains silver particles and glass frits. The busbar 22 runs on the second pane in the glazing interior 3 and parallel to the glazing interior surface 8 of the spacer.

The first disk 19 is provided on the outside with an opaque coating 23 which is a black screen print. The coating is applied in the form of a band and is located approximately at the level from the lower end of the pane to the upper end of the busbar 22. The opaque coating 23 can be approximately 15 to 30 mm wide (from the glass edge). The coating 23 restricts the transparent area of the insulating glazing and completely covers the bus bar 22 when viewed from the outside within a certain viewing angle range.

The first pane 19 is a float glass, possibly in the form of toughened safety glass ESG, partially tempered safety glass TVG or laminated safety glass VSG. The thickness is about 4 mm. The second pane 20 is a float glass and has a thickness of approximately 4 mm.

The spacer is made of styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN), which is opaque. The distance from the plane of the glazing interior surface 8 to the upper end of the busbar 22 is approximately 9 mm. Butyl was used as the sealant 4 and silicone was used as the outer seal 6. The spacer has, for example, a height of approximately 6 mm and a width of approximately 15 mm. The dimensioning must of course be adapted to the respective requirements, e.g. the width must be adapted to the requirements for good thermal insulation.

Fig. 2 shows a section of insulating glazing according to the invention in cross section. The insulating glazing comprises a first pane 19 and a second pane 20, which are connected via a spacer 5. The spacer 5 is attached between the first disk 19 and the second disk 20 arranged parallel thereto. The spacer 5 has a first pane contact surface 7.1, a second pane contact surface 7.2, which runs parallel to the first pane contact surface, an outer surface 9 and a glazing interior surface 8. The outer surface 9 is connected to the two disc contact surfaces 7.1, 7.2 each via a connecting surface. The spacer has a cavity 10 in which a desiccant 11 is contained. A glazing interior 3 (not shown in full) is defined by the first pane 19, the second pane 20 and the glazing interior surface 8 of the spacer. The first disk 19 is connected to the first disk contact surface 7.1 via a sealing means 4 and the second disk 20 is connected to the second disk contact surface 7.2 via a sealing means 4. A glazing outer space 13 is delimited by the first pane 19, the second pane 20 and the outer surface 9 of the spacer and is filled with an outer seal 6.

The first disk 19 has an electrically conductive coating 1 on the inside surface, which is an electrochromic coating. The coating 1 extends almost completely over the inside surface of the pane in the region of the glazing interior and extends from the glazing interior into the glazing exterior to the edge of the pane. The coating passes from the glazing interior 3 between the glass pane 19 and the sealing means 4 into the glazing exterior 13. The coating 1 is contacted by a bus bar 22, which is located in the glazing exterior 13.

The insulating glazing has electrical connection elements 14, for example ribbon cables or cables, which are arranged below the outer surface 9 of the spacer and can be connected to a voltage source (not shown). Connection element 14 and busbar 22 are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner via an electrical contact element 2. The electrical contact between the electrically conductive coating 1 and busbar 22 as well as between busbar 22 and contact element 2 can be produced by soldering or gluing with an electrically conductive adhesive. The contact element 2 can consist of a flexible cable. The cable can be T-shaped and have two metallic contacting surfaces on its two side arms, which are provided for contacting the busbar 22.

The busbar 22 was produced by printing a conductive paste and electrically contacted on the electrically conductive coating 1. The conductive paste, also known as silver paste, contains silver particles and glass frits. Alternatively, thin and narrow metal foil strips or metal wires which contain copper, a copper alloy or aluminum or are formed therefrom can also be used as busbars 22. The busbar 22 runs on the first pane 19 in the outer glazing space 13 and parallel to the spacer.

The first pane 19 is a float glass, optionally in the form of toughened safety glass ESG, partially tempered safety glass TVG or laminated safety glass VSG, preferably a VSG made of at least two individual panes. It is preferably a laminated safety glass made of a 4 mm or 5 mm thick pane, which is connected to a 2 mm thick EC pane (electrochromic glass). The second pane 20 is a float glass and has a thickness of approximately 4 mm.

The spacer is made of styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN), which is opaque. Butyl was used as the sealant 4 and silicone was used as the outer seal 6. The spacer has e.g. a height of about 6 mm and a width of about 15 mm. The dimensioning must of course be adapted to the respective requirements, e.g. the width must be adapted to the requirements for good thermal insulation.

Due to the position of the busbar in the outer glazing space 13, the busbar 22 is covered when viewed from the outside for all viewing angles compared to the insulating glazing according to the prior art, whereby the aesthetic appearance of the insulating glazing according to the invention compared to the prior art Technology is improved. This eliminates the need to use an opaque coating as is required in the prior art to cover the busbar.

The cabling is simplified because both the connection elements 14 and the busbar are located in the exterior of the glazing. The positioning of the busbar 22 in the outer glazing space 13 also enables the outer glazing space 13 to be enlarged, since the spacer can be positioned further away from the edge of the insulating glazing. As a result, more outer seal 6 can be filled into the outer space 13 of the glazing, whereby a higher gas tightness is achieved.

Fig. 3a shows a section of a further insulating glazing according to the invention in cross section, which is a triple insulating glass. Two spacers are used here. The spacers correspond to those in Fig. 1 and 2 spacers shown, so that reference is made to them.

The insulating glazing comprises a first pane 19, a second pane 20 and a third pane 21, the third pane 21 (inner pane) being arranged between and parallel to the first and second panes. The inner sides of the two outer disks 19, 20 are each covered with an electrically conductive coating 1, e.g. an electrochromic coating. The electrically conductive coating 1 extends from the first and second glazing interior 3.1, 3.2 into the first and second glazing exterior 13.1, 13.2, respectively. The electrically conductive coating 1 is contacted by a bus bar 22, which is positioned in the outer space 13.1 or 13.2 of the glazing. In an alternative embodiment, which is generally preferred, an electrically conductive coating 1, in particular an electrochromic coating, is provided on the inner side of only one outer pane 19.

The insulating glazing has electrical connection elements 14, for example ribbon cables or cables, which are arranged below the spacer 5 and can be connected to a voltage source (not shown). Connection element 14 and busbar 22 are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner via an electrical contact element 2.

A first spacer 5 is arranged circumferentially between the outer disk 19 and the inner disk 21. A second spacer 5 is arranged circumferentially between the outer disk 20 and the inner disk 21. The first pane contact surface of the first spacer 5 is connected to the outer pane 19 via a sealant 4. The second pane contact surface of the first spacer 5 is connected to the inner pane 21 via a sealant 4. The first pane contact surface of the second spacer 5 is connected to the inner pane 21 via a sealant 4. The second pane contact surface of the second spacer 5 is connected to the outer pane 20 via a sealant 4. Between the outer pane 19 and the inner pane 21 and the glazing interior surface of the first spacer 5, a first glazing interior 3.1 (not shown in full) is formed and a second glazing interior is formed between the outer pane 20 and the inner pane 21 and the glazing interior surface of the second spacer 5 3.2 (not shown in full). Furthermore, there is a first outer glazing space 13.1 adjacent to the outer surface of the first spacer, in which an outer seal 6 is incorporated, and a second outer glazing space 13.2 adjacent to the outer surface of the second spacer, in which an outer seal 6 is incorporated.

Due to the position of the bus bar in the outer glazing space 13.1 or 13.2, the bus bar 22 is covered for all viewing angles when viewed from the outside, whereby the aesthetic appearance of the insulating glazing according to the invention is improved compared to the prior art. This eliminates the need to use an opaque coating as is required in the prior art to cover the busbar.

Figure 3b shows a section of a further insulating glazing according to the invention in cross section, which is a triple insulating glass. A spacer is used which is suitable for spacing three panes apart.

The insulating glazing comprises a first pane 19, a second pane 20 and a third pane 21, the third pane 21 (inner pane) being arranged between the first and second panes and parallel thereto. The inner sides of the two outer disks 19, 20 are each covered with an electrically conductive coating 1, e.g. an electrochromic coating. The electrically conductive coating 1 extends from the first and second glazing interior 3.1, 3.2 into the glazing exterior 13. The electrically conductive coating 1 is contacted by a busbar 22 which is positioned in the glazing exterior 13. In an alternative embodiment, which is generally preferred, an electrically conductive coating 1, in particular an electrochromic coating, is provided on the inner side of only one outer pane 19.

The insulating glazing has electrical connection elements 14, e.g. Flat ribbon cables or cables which are arranged below the spacer 5 and can be connected to a voltage source (not shown). Connection element 14 and busbar 22 are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner via an electrical contact element 2.

A spacer 5, which forms a groove 7.3 for receiving the inner pane 21 in the interior surface of the glazing, is arranged circumferentially between the outer panes 19, 20. The first pane contact surface 7.1 of the spacer 5 is connected to the outer pane 19 via a sealant 4. The second pane contact surface 7.2 of the spacer 5 is connected to the outer pane 20 via a sealant 4. A first glazing interior 3.1 (not shown in full) is formed between the outer pane 19 and the inner pane 21, and a second glazing interior 3.2 (not fully shown) is formed between the outer pane 20 and the inner pane 21. Furthermore, there is an outer glazing space 13 adjacent to the outer surface of the spacer, in which an outer seal 6 is introduced.

Due to the position of the busbar in the outer space 13 of the glazing, the busbar 22 is covered for all viewing angles when viewed from the outside, whereby the aesthetic appearance of the insulating glazing according to the invention is improved compared to the prior art. This eliminates the need to use an opaque coating.

Fig. 4 shows an illustration of insulating glazing according to the invention according to FIG Fig. 2 in top view. The spacer 5 is formed circumferentially between the panes, runs parallel to the side edges of the insulating glazing and has a rectangular shape. The two busbars 22 are arranged on opposite sides of the insulating glazing in the outer space of the glazing and run parallel to the spacer 5.

The spacer 5 can have approximately the same distance from the edge of the insulating glass on all sides of the insulating glass. In one embodiment, the distance of the spacer 5 to the edge of the double glazing on the sides of the double glazing, where no busbar 22 is arranged, is smaller than the distance of the spacer 5 to the edge of the double glazing on the sides of the double glazing, where a busbar 22 is arranged. In the latter variant, the outside space of the glazing can be enlarged.

A top view of a triple insulating glass with three panes 19, 20, 21 according to FIGS Figures 3a and 3b is analog.

List of reference symbols

1

electrically conductive coating

2

electrical contact element

3

Glazing interior

3.1

first glazing interior

3.2

second glazing interior

4th

sealant

5

Spacers

6th

outer sealing

7.1

first disc contact surface

7.2

second disc contact surface

7.3

Groove

8th

Glazing interior area

9

Exterior surface

10

cavity

11

Desiccant

13

Glazing exterior

13.1

first glazing exterior

13.2

second glazing exterior

14th

Cable or ribbon cable

19th

first disc (outer disc)

20th

second disc (outer disc)

21st

third disc (inner disc)

22nd

Busbar

23

opaque coating

Claims (15)

Insulating glazing comprising at least two panes (19, 20) and at least one spacer (5) which has two pane contact surfaces (7.1, 7.2) which run parallel to one another,
one pane contact surface (7.1) being connected to one pane (19) via a sealing means (4) and the other pane contact surface (7.2) being connected to the other pane (20) via a sealing means (4), so that at least one glazing interior (3) and at least one outer glazing space (13) are formed,
wherein at least one pane (19, 20) on the side facing the glazing interior (3) is at least partially provided with an electrically conductive coating (1) and / or an electrically conductive functional element and at least two bus bars (22) on the electrically conductive coating ( 1) and / or are arranged on the electrically conductive functional element and are thus in electrical contact, characterized in that
the electrically conductive coating (1) and / or the electrically conductive functional element extends beyond the glazing interior (3) into the glazing exterior (13) and the at least two busbars (22) arranged thereon are positioned in the glazing exterior (13). Insulating glazing according to claim 1, wherein the spacer (5) has a glazing interior surface (8) which is connected to the two pane contact surfaces (7.1, 7.2), and an outer surface (9) which directly or via connecting surfaces with the two pane contact surfaces (7.1, 7.2 ) is connected. Insulating glazing according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the spacer (5) is formed from plastic. Insulating glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least two panes (19, 20, 21) are independently one Float glass, a laminated glass, a structured glass or a colored or satined glass. Insulating glazing according to one of the preceding claims, the electrically conductive coating (1) or the electrically conductive functional element being provided on an inside of an outer pane or, if present, on one side of an inner pane. Insulating glazing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrically conductive coating (1) or the electrically conductive functional element is an electrochromic coating, a transparent, electrically conductive coating or one or more photovoltaic elements. Insulating glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the two bus bars (22) are arranged on opposite sides of the insulating glazing. Insulating glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the spacer (5) on all sides of the insulating glazing is approximately the same distance from the edge of the insulating glazing or wherein the distance of the spacer (5) to the edge of the insulating glazing on the sides of the insulating glazing where there is no busbar (22) is arranged, is smaller than the distance of the spacer (5) to the edge of the insulating glass on the sides of the insulating glass, where a busbar (22) is arranged. Insulating glazing according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein an outer pane is a laminated glass composed of at least two individual glasses, preferably the outer pane which faces outwards in the installed state. Insulating glazing according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising one or more electrical connection elements (14) for connection to a power supply and one or more electrical ones Contact elements (2) for the electrical connection of the busbars (22) to the electrical connection element or elements (14). Insulating glazing according to one of the preceding claims, an outer seal (6) being introduced into the at least one outer glazing space (13). Insulating glazing according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising at least one opaque flat screen element (23) which is applied in the edge region of a pane (19), preferably on the outer side of the pane, in order to optically close the at least two busbars (22) or one of them cover, wherein the privacy screen element (23) is preferably formed by a screen printing. Insulating glazing according to claim 12, wherein the opaque, flat screen element (23) and the busbar or busbars (22) are connected to the same pane (19). An insulating glazing according to any one of the preceding claims comprising a) two panes (19, 20) and a spacer (5), so that a glazing interior (3) and a glazing exterior (13) are formed, or b) three discs (19, 20, 21) and one or two spacers (5), the three discs being a first disc (19), a second disc (20) and a third disc (21), the third disc (21) is arranged between the first and second panes (19, 20) and parallel to them, the panes (19, 20, 21) and the spacer (s) (5) creating a first glazing interior (3.1) and a second glazing interior ( 3.2) and an outer glazing space or a first outer glazing space (13.1) and a second outer glazing space (13.2) are formed, the electrically conductive coating (1) and / or the electrically conductive functional element on a side of the first pane facing the first or second glazing interior (3.1, 3.2) (19) or the second disc (20) or on one side of the third disc (21) is provided,
in which
In the case of two spacers, a first spacer (5) with a disk contact surface (7.1) via a sealant (4) with the first disk (19) and with the other disk contact surface (7.2) via a sealant (4) with the third disk (21) ) and the second spacer (5) is connected to a disk contact surface (7.1) via a sealant (4) to the third disk (19) and to the other disk contact surface (7.2) via a sealant (4) to the second disk (21) connected or
In the case of a spacer (5), the spacer (5) in a glazing interior surface (8) is provided with a receiving device for a pane, the spacer (5) having a pane contact surface (7.1) with the first pane via a sealant (4) (19) and is connected to the other disk contact surface (7.2) via a sealing means (4) with the second disk (20) and the third disk (21) is received in the receiving device of the spacer. Use of insulating glazing according to any one of claims 1 to 14 as building interior glazing, building exterior glazing and / or facade glazing.

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