EP3702553A1 - Herstellungsverfahren eines künstlichen beckens mit natürlicher reinigung - Google Patents

Herstellungsverfahren eines künstlichen beckens mit natürlicher reinigung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3702553A1
EP3702553A1 EP20155466.4A EP20155466A EP3702553A1 EP 3702553 A1 EP3702553 A1 EP 3702553A1 EP 20155466 A EP20155466 A EP 20155466A EP 3702553 A1 EP3702553 A1 EP 3702553A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
geotextile
artificial
excavation
basin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20155466.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3702553B1 (de
Inventor
Raphael de Vivans
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vivra Oue
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Vivra Oue
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Publication of EP3702553A1 publication Critical patent/EP3702553A1/de
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the general field of artificial pools, in particular, artificial ornamental and bathing pools inspired by ponds and other natural bodies of water.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a method for producing an artificial basin with natural purification.
  • Artificial pools with a natural appearance are distinguished from swimming pools mainly by a bottom made of non-rigid natural material such as sand or earth, and by the absence of edges built for the benefit of beaches man-made horizontal or substantially sloping.
  • the European patent EP1922457B1 discloses a method for constructing ponds, swimming pools and small artificial lakes in general, comprising steps of implementing a waterproofing layer, applying filters, conduits, inlets and outlets, collection channels, and covering the internal walls and / or the bottom of the container thus obtained with stones distributed over the waterproofing layer.
  • a basin obtained with such a process has a major drawback, namely the formation of algae favoring the alteration of the appearance of the stones.
  • the use of sand in such a process would cause rotting of the sand and make the basin unsuitable for swimming.
  • a known method consists in filtering the water to remove solid organic matter and, either adding powerful oxidants such as hypochlorites or hypobromites sodium or potassium, or to generate these products by electrolysis of chloride or bromide. It is also known to use photocatalytic compositions for the purification of pond water.
  • the present invention aims to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art, by proposing a method making it possible to obtain a basin with a bottom capable of preventing the sand from blackening and rotting, thanks to a circulation of water which minimizes its stagnation. , the sand remaining practically in its original state.
  • the method further comprises a step of installing drainage means between the waterproofing layer and the sand layer.
  • the method further comprises a step of defining the shape of the artificial basin before the step of excavating and excavating the ground.
  • the stabilization layer is based on a granular material of mineral origin such as limestone.
  • the waterproofing layer is based on clay.
  • the waterproofing layer consists of a first sub-layer of compacted clay and a second sub-layer of clay compacted, each of said sublayers being applied independently of the other and compacted by means of a road roller for example.
  • the separation layer is based on granular material of mineral origin having a particle size smaller than a particle size of the stabilization layer.
  • the method comprises a step of laying a lower layer of geotextile on the surface of the excavation before the step of applying the waterproofing layer, and the layer of The waterproofing is a geomembrane.
  • the method further comprises a step of installing drainage means between the waterproofing layer and the sand layer, said drainage means being connected to a tank for collecting filtered water.
  • the invention also relates to an artificial basin of any shape comprising an excavation, a beach and a volume of water at least partially filling said excavation, produced by a method as described above.
  • the figure 1 shows an artificial basin 100 in the form of a pond produced by a method according to the invention.
  • This artificial basin dug in the soil S, consists mainly of an excavation 10, the bottom of which is visible in broken lines in the figure, of a volume of water 60 filling said excavation, at least partially, and defining a lake 61, and a terraced beach 51 on the edge of the excavation 10.
  • the excavation 10, in accordance with the invention can have various shapes and dimensions.
  • the artificial basin 100 the dimensions and the overall shape of which result from those of the excavation 10, may have a regular shape of the frustoconical type, with or without steps, or any irregular shape such as that shown in the figure. figure 1 .
  • the excavation 10 has side walls inclined relative to the vertical to the ground so as to form a downward slope, which allows for example access to the bottom of the basin 100 from the beach 51 when the latter is shallow.
  • the beach 51 surmounts and surrounds the excavation 10 while having continuity with the ground S, and also makes it possible to visually define the artificial basin 100 while providing an advantageous aesthetic appeal.
  • the body of water 61 defines a contour 62 which corresponds to the level of water filling of the artificial basin 100 and which therefore has a shape identical to that of a peripheral curve, or iso-depth, of the excavation. 10.
  • the area 51 has an outline 52 whose shape recalls that of the outline 62 of the body of water 61.
  • the area 51 is of a substantially constant width all around. of the body of water 61, said width being defined by the distance between the two contours 52 and 62.
  • the artificial basin 100 comprises a superposition of layers 20 to 50, shown on the figure 2 , covering the entire surface of the excavation 10.
  • Each of these layers has specific characteristics, more particularly in terms of nature, composition and thickness, which allow it to fulfill a function determined according to its position in the excavation. stacking as detailed in the remainder of the description.
  • the figure 2 also represents a recovery station 200 to which the artificial basin 100 is connected, said station makes it possible to recover, store and return to the basin the water naturally filtered by certain layers at the bottom of the basin.
  • the recovery station 200 mainly comprises a pipe 210, a reservoir 220 and a pumping and distribution system, not shown.
  • the pipe 210 connects the artificial basin 100 to the reservoir 200, and comprises drainage means at its end placed at the level of the basin and a water outlet at its other end opening into said reservoir, the water being transferred through the pipe taking place in a gravity-driven fashion.
  • the drainage means must cover a major part of the bottom of the basin, for example, they can consist of pipes arranged in loops and drilled in their upper part.
  • the tank 220 is buried in the ground S and can be either built in situ such as a pit, or simply installed by being manufactured, prefabricated or ordered on demand. This reservoir allows the storage of filtered water 230 which will be used to supply the artificial basin 100 again thanks to the pumping and distribution system.
  • the proper function of the recovery station 200 is known and represents the downstream phase of the water purification cycle of the artificial basin.
  • the upstream phase corresponds, for its part, to the filtration of the water in the basin by means of a particular arrangement of layers, object of the present invention, described below.
  • the filtration of the water in the basin can be carried out entirely at the level of the recovery station, which would occasionally also be a filtration station, with various filtration techniques known to those skilled in the art.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to define and order the operations necessary for the realization of the artificial basin 100, and this, from the topographical design of said basin to its impoundment.
  • steps of conditioning, treatment and finishing of the surfaces of the various layers constitute an embodiment of the method according to the invention and can be completed by secondary steps known to those skilled in the art, such as steps of conditioning, treatment and finishing of the surfaces of the various layers.
  • the initial step 500 consists in making a topographic plan of the excavation 10 and in tracing an outline of said excavation on the ground from the topographic plan.
  • This plan represents a view of the excavation in three dimensions, the shape thus obtained can be broken down into a closed contour on which rests a three-dimensional surface corresponding to the bottom and to the side walls of the excavation. Only the contour of the excavation can be physically traced on the ground, the three-dimensional surface which corresponds to the actual excavation is obtained by digging, earthworks and clearing of the earth according to the rules of the art.
  • Step 510 consists of excavating the earth from the contour drawn in the previous step and following a precise topographical plan to obtain the desired shape in terms of depth, slopes, overall concavity, etc., and terracing the soil so as to obtain the desired range. This step also makes it possible to prepare the ground for the application of the successive layers constituting the bottom of the artificial basin.
  • step 520 which consists in coating the excavated and earthed surface with a waterproofing layer 20.
  • the waterproofing layer 20 is composed of two sublayers. seal, lower 21 and upper 22, stacked for a improved waterproofing of the artificial pond.
  • step 520 breaks down into a step 521 for applying the lower sealing layer 21 and a step 522 for applying the upper sealing layer 22 as illustrated in the figures. figures 3 and 4 .
  • each waterproofing layer is clay based.
  • a compacted clay is used.
  • the use of clay makes it possible to achieve a natural waterproofing which resists various external attacks, unlike geomembranes often used for the simplicity of their installation but which nevertheless present a vulnerability to holes for example.
  • the superposition of two layers of compacted clay makes it possible to ensure impermeability for soils of different consistencies, in particular, in the case of unstable soil, for which a single layer of clay, even of significant thickness , would not be enough. Indeed, the superposition of two layers makes it possible to create an interface between said layers which limits the propagation of cracks from one layer to another.
  • Compaction of clay can be carried out by various methods such as dry compaction by means of a road roller.
  • the double waterproofing layer adapts perfectly to a relatively irregular bottom, lined with small pebbles for example, by covering pebbles and particles of earth with the lower layer, and smoothing the whole with the upper layer.
  • Step 527 consists in covering the waterproofing layer 20 with a layer of geotextile material with a view to separating it from the layer which will be deposited in the following step.
  • Step 530 of applying the separation layer 30 consists in covering the previous layers, waterproofing 20 and geotextile, with a granular material.
  • the separation layer 30, is based on aggregates of mineral origin having a small particle size.
  • the separation layer 30 is based on limestone.
  • Step 537 consists in covering the separation layer 30 with a layer of geotextile material, which is then positioned “sandwiched” between two geotextile layers.
  • the step 540 for applying a stabilization layer 40 consists in depositing on the preceding layers a layer of a granular material having a particle size greater than that of the separation layer 30.
  • the stabilization layer 40 is of mineral origin and consists of crushed elements, of the gravel type, which make it possible to stabilize the lower layers.
  • Step 547 is similar to step 537 and makes it possible to cover the stabilization layer 40 with a layer of geotextile material.
  • Step 550 consists in distributing a layer of sand 50 over all of the preceding layers so as to form the bottom and the beach of the artificial basin.
  • the layer of sand 50 thus covers the sloping edges of the basin to form the beach 51 and join the ground as shown in the figures 1 and 2 .
  • the artificial basin is filled during step 560 with a volume of water 60 adapted to obtain the most natural aesthetic appearance possible.
  • the method according to the invention comprises a step of installing the pipe 210 provided with drainage means, between the bottom of the basin and the reservoir 220 as shown in Figure figure 2 .
  • These drainage means must be placed at the level of the separation layer 30, more precisely, between the waterproofing layer 20 and said separation layer, above the deepest geotextile layer.
  • the production of the reservoir 220 can be the subject of an independent step carried out before the process for producing the artificial basin.
  • the figure 6 in fact makes it possible to distinguish the different layers of the artificial pond, according to one embodiment of the invention, which comprise in order the first waterproofing layer 21, the second waterproofing layer 22, the lower geotextile 70a, the separation layer 30, intermediate geotextile 70b, stabilization layer 40, upper geotextile 70c, sand layer 50 and water 60.
  • the water of the basin undergoes a natural filtration which begins with a passage in the layer of sand 50 which purifies the water by a sieving action making it possible to retain the organic matter.
  • This organic matter is degraded by microphytes present in the sand and favored by the freshwater environment represented by the artificial basin, pathogenic microorganisms are thus eliminated.
  • the water then passes through the stabilization layer 40, made up of mineral chippings, which then performs a first filtration of the water by retaining the materials in suspension and limiting certain heavy metals and minerals.
  • the water is filtered a last time in the separation layer 30, which has a smaller particle size than the stabilization layer 40, before being drained into the recovery tank 220 and returned to the artificial basin.
  • Each geotextile also fulfills a particular function depending on its position in the stack of layers of the artificial basin.
  • the lower geotextile 70a makes it possible to protect the lower side of the drainage means, and to avoid any contact between the granules of the separation layer 30 and the waterproofing layer 20 in order to preserve the smooth texture of said waterproofing layer.
  • the intermediate geotextile 70b makes it possible to isolate the separation layer 30 from the stabilization layer 40, and the upper geotextile 70c makes it possible to prevent the infiltration of the sand 50 into the stabilization layer 40.
  • the drainage means must be arranged at the level of the stabilization layer (40), and more precisely just above the intermediate geotextile (70b).
  • the artificial basin can be built above ground according to steps equivalent to those of the embodiments described.
  • the excavation and earthwork stages would be replaced by masonry-type construction stages.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)
EP20155466.4A 2019-02-14 2020-02-04 Herstellungsverfahren eines künstlichen beckens mit natürlicher reinigung Active EP3702553B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1901526A FR3092853B1 (fr) 2019-02-14 2019-02-14 Procédé de réalisation d’un bassin artificiel à épuration naturelle

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3702553A1 true EP3702553A1 (de) 2020-09-02
EP3702553B1 EP3702553B1 (de) 2022-04-06

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EP20155466.4A Active EP3702553B1 (de) 2019-02-14 2020-02-04 Herstellungsverfahren eines künstlichen beckens mit natürlicher reinigung

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EP (1) EP3702553B1 (de)
FR (1) FR3092853B1 (de)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2031154A1 (de) * 2007-08-29 2009-03-04 Paul Heraudeau Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Zierteiches mit natürlicher Aufbereitung des enthaltenen Wassers, hergestellter Teich
EP1922457B1 (de) 2005-09-09 2009-04-29 MILANI, Alessandro Allgemeines verfahren zur herstellung von wasserbehältern
WO2011004218A1 (en) * 2009-07-07 2011-01-13 Alessandro Milani A procedure for making natural pools
WO2014087330A1 (en) * 2012-12-06 2014-06-12 Grola Camillo Lagoon type swimming pool
FR3036719A1 (fr) * 2015-05-29 2016-12-02 Justin Trainel Bassin de baignade et son procede d’installation

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1922457B1 (de) 2005-09-09 2009-04-29 MILANI, Alessandro Allgemeines verfahren zur herstellung von wasserbehältern
EP2031154A1 (de) * 2007-08-29 2009-03-04 Paul Heraudeau Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Zierteiches mit natürlicher Aufbereitung des enthaltenen Wassers, hergestellter Teich
WO2011004218A1 (en) * 2009-07-07 2011-01-13 Alessandro Milani A procedure for making natural pools
WO2014087330A1 (en) * 2012-12-06 2014-06-12 Grola Camillo Lagoon type swimming pool
FR3036719A1 (fr) * 2015-05-29 2016-12-02 Justin Trainel Bassin de baignade et son procede d’installation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3702553B1 (de) 2022-04-06
FR3092853B1 (fr) 2021-12-24
FR3092853A1 (fr) 2020-08-21

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