EP3701214A1 - Matériau de masquage et utilisation du matériau pour masquage d'un objectif et munition permettant de disperser un tel matériau de masquage - Google Patents
Matériau de masquage et utilisation du matériau pour masquage d'un objectif et munition permettant de disperser un tel matériau de masquageInfo
- Publication number
- EP3701214A1 EP3701214A1 EP18779054.8A EP18779054A EP3701214A1 EP 3701214 A1 EP3701214 A1 EP 3701214A1 EP 18779054 A EP18779054 A EP 18779054A EP 3701214 A1 EP3701214 A1 EP 3701214A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- masking
- masking material
- dispersion
- powder
- aluminum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- -1 aluminium oxyhydroxide Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001687 destabilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005336 safety glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001429 visible spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H9/00—Equipment for attack or defence by spreading flame, gas or smoke or leurres; Chemical warfare equipment
- F41H9/06—Apparatus for generating artificial fog or smoke screens
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
- F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
- F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
- F42B12/70—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies for dispensing radar chaff or infrared material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H3/00—Camouflage, i.e. means or methods for concealment or disguise
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
- F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
- F42B12/46—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances
- F42B12/48—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances smoke-producing, e.g. infrared clouds
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B33/00—Manufacture of ammunition; Dismantling of ammunition; Apparatus therefor
Definitions
- Masking material and use of the material for masking a lens and ammunition for dispersing such a masking material are described.
- the technical field of the invention is that of the materials used to ensure the masking of an objective.
- Masking materials are well known in the military field. They make it possible to protect a target, for example a vehicle, by preventing its detection by an enemy means.
- Dispersed with a projectile they also make it possible to create a cloud of masking in an area, thus allowing the progression of vehicles or infantrymen towards said zone, sheltered from the cloud.
- the infrared domains that it is particularly necessary to hide from an operational point of view is the 8-14 micrometer band.
- silica powder (patent DE4126016), titanium dioxide (statutory invention registration USH769), calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate (patent FR2396265), carbon powder or carbon nanotubes (patents FR2730742 and FR2421363).
- the metal powders are interesting but the mass of the block of powder necessary to achieve a masking of relatively large dimensions (height or width greater than 5 meters) will greatly increase the weight of the ammunition loaded to disperse the material, which may lead to a destabilization of the projectile in flight.
- the metallic material can also be compacted during the storage of the munition leading to masking performance different from that initially expected and may possibly destabilize the projectile in flight by a displacement of the center of gravity.
- the masking obtained to have a certain duration, it is necessary for the grains of the material to have a sufficiently reduced descent rate.
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide a material of reduced mass and having good masking efficiency with respect to electromagnetic radiation in a given range of wavelengths.
- the invention thus allows masking in the visible range but also advantageously in the infrared range, in particular in the 3-5 and 8-14 micrometer ranges.
- the material according to the invention is of simple industrial implementation and does not present any risk of use.
- This material is particularly compatible with REACH European regulations.
- the invention also provides a masking ammunition implementing such a material and allowing its optimal dispersion in the field.
- the subject of the invention is the use of aluminum oxyhydroxide, such as boehmite or pseudo boehmite, as a dispersible masking material by a munition to ensure the masking of an objective with respect to the radiations electromagnetic in a given wavelength range.
- aluminum oxyhydroxide such as boehmite or pseudo boehmite
- the invention proposes a use in which the masking is sought for ranges of infrared wavelengths, the particle size of the oxy- aluminum hydroxide then being between 1 and 100 microns, with at least 90% of the grains of the material which have a mean diameter of between 25 and 45 microns.
- the subject of the invention is also a masking material intended to be dispersed by an ammunition for producing a cloud ensuring the masking of an objective vis-à-vis the electromagnetic radiations in a given wavelength range, a material characterized in it comprises at least one aluminum oxyhydroxide, such as boehmite or pseudo boehmite.
- this masking material is effective in a range of infrared wavelengths and the aluminum oxyhydroxide has a particle size of between 1 and 100 microns with at least 90% of the grains of the material which have a mean diameter between 25 and 45 micrometers.
- the aluminum oxy-hydroxide may be coated with a binder.
- the binder may in particular comprise polyvinyl alcohol (PVA).
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- the subject of the invention is a masking munition comprising an envelope containing a masking material and a pyrotechnic dispersion charge that can be actuated by a rocket, ammunition characterized in that the masking material comprises a material according to the invention.
- the dispersion load consists of at least one explosive material disposed in a metal dispersion rod closed at its end remote from the rocket, the rod extending axially in the masking material in a manner coaxial with the axis of the ammunition.
- the masking material may comprise at least one block compressed directly inside the envelope and around the dispersion rod.
- the masking material may be compressed inside the envelope without the use of a binder.
- FIG. 1a is a micro-photograph of a first example of grains of a material according to the invention.
- FIG. 1b is a micro-photograph on a larger scale of a second example of grains of a material according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a munition according to one embodiment of the invention.
- Boehmite and pseudo boehmite are aluminum oxyhydroxides of the generic formula AIO (OH).
- Boehmite is a naturally occurring material in bauxite ore. It is a hydrated alumina having a lamellar orthorhombic crystalline structure.
- the pseudo boehmite is a common name for a finely crystallized boehmite, containing more water than boehmite, and consisting of octahedral crystalline layers separated by water molecules.
- the publication "Crystal Chemistry of Boehmite by Rodney Tettenhorst and Douglas A Hofman" describes comparative syntheses of boehmite and pseudo boehmite and their crystallographic comparisons.
- boehmite and more particularly finely crystallized boehmite or pseudo boehmite, could be dispersed in the air in the form of a cloud and that the clouds thus produced had a certain durability favoring a masking of a target, for example in the visible range.
- the falling velocity of cloud particles has been found to be relatively slow with fall velocities of less than 1 m / s.
- Such behavior is due on the one hand to the reduced mass of the material whose average density of the material itself is of the order of 3 to 3.07 and whose apparent density of the uncompacted bulk powder is less than 1.5, and is due, on the other hand, to the fineness of the boehmite crystals which are morphologically in the form of plates or leaflets as shown in the microscopic picture of FIG. 1a, or in the form of spheres carrying a median trough such as shown in Figure 1b).
- the powder of the material according to the invention has many advantages.
- this powder is not a material listed in a pyrotechnic hazard class.
- the filling of a munition body is easy. It does not require any particular personal protective equipment except a dust mask and safety glasses.
- the loading of ammunition can be carried out in bulk or compression, however the masking performance of a compressed load will be better.
- the compression loading will be carried out using conventional and inexpensive installations, such as a hydraulic press.
- the latter is inert, unlike pulverized aluminum.
- Bulk density of bulk powder is less than 5, so the material is particularly light.
- the cloud generated by the suspension of this powder is not corrosive and is very slightly toxic to humans and the environment.
- the generated cloud makes it possible to provide masking in the infrared ranges of 3 to 5 and 8 to 14 micrometersand in the visible spectrum. Masking is mainly done by absorption of radiation.
- Boehmite powder or pseudo boehmite is available commercially for different types of grain sizes.
- This powder is generally produced by a conventional sol-gel process comprising a step of hydrolysis and condensation of an aluminum alkoxide with an excess of water to form an aluminum hydroxide, a step of redissolution of the precipitate obtained to form the sol and formation of the gel by drying the sol.
- the fineness and morphology of the boehmite or pseudo boehmite grains can be modified by using a spray drying tower.
- a spray drying tower makes it possible to ensure the drying of industrial boehmite gel or pseudo boehmite solutions while allowing the desired particle size to be calibrated.
- Spray towers are well known in the field of industrial processes for the production of pulverulent materials and need not be described in more detail.
- This atomization tower is parameterized so as to obtain a powder whose particle size at d (0.9) is between 25 and 35 micrometers, that is to say that 90% of the grains of the material have an average diameter between 25 and 35 micrometers, the overall particle size of the grains being distributed moreover between 1 micrometer and 100 micrometers.
- the increase of the atomization pressure makes it possible to reduce the size of the grains of the powder.
- Such a choice of particle size leads to spherical grains G1, G2 carrying a median trough G3 as shown in Figure lb). This particle size also ensures masking in the ranges of infrared wavelengths in the bands of 3 to 5 and 8 to 14 micrometers.
- the aluminum oxyhydroxide grains may be coated with a binder.
- Such a variant will make it possible to increase the size of the granules formed and will facilitate their subsequent compaction in an ammunition. It also makes it possible to limit the dispersion of the grains of the material during the manufacturing steps, in particular by limiting the dust content.
- the binder may for example comprise polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in a proportion of 1% to 4% by weight.
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- the binder is incorporated in the solution of aluminum oxyhydroxide grains in water and before atomization.
- FIG. 2 shows in longitudinal section an example of an embodiment of a masking munition 1 according to the invention, the munition having a conventional projectile shape with a rotational axis of symmetry X-X '.
- This ammunition is intended to be pulled by an unrepresented weapon system towards a field area. Its function is to generate at said zone an infrared or visible masking cloud.
- the munition 1 comprises an envelope 2 enclosing a masking material 3 and a pyrotechnic dispersion charge 4 that can be actuated by a rocket 5, for example of the type chronometric device capable of dissipating a flame in the axial direction XX '.
- the casing carries at its rear part a belt 12 which makes it possible conventionally to seal the gas when firing into the barrel of a weapon.
- the dispersion charge 4 is constituted by at least one explosive material, for example tablets of an explosive combining hexogen and wax or a composite explosive, which is disposed in a metal dispersion rod 6 closed at its end 6a. distant from the rocket.
- the rod 6 is secured to a connecting ring 7 which is fixed to the casing 2, for example by a thread 8.
- the rod 6 extends axially in the masking material 3 in the dierction of the axis XX 'of the ammunition 1.
- the connecting ring 7 is preferably made in one piece with the rod 6. This set will for example be made of aluminum to reduce the mass of the munition.
- the connecting ring 7 contains an internal housing 9 which receives a detonation relay 10 and which is in communication with the cavity of the rod 4. It also comprises a tapping 11 for fixing the rocket 5.
- the amount of explosive of the dispersion charge 4 is defined as sufficient to ensure the rupture of both the rod 6 and the shell 2 of the munition.
- the bursting of the dispersion charge 4 puts the masking material 3 into stress, which causes the shell 2 of the munition to burst and the dispersion of the masking material 3.
- the rod 6 In order to improve the distribution of the masking cloud, the rod 6 will be given a length such that a distance D remains at the rear of the rod 6, at least equal to half the internal diameter d of the envelope 2. Such an arrangement makes it possible to avoid reducing the density of the masking cloud at its center. A rod 6 too long indeed risk creating an annular cloud.
- the masking material 3 is a material essentially comprising aluminum oxyhydroxide, such as boehmite or pseudo boehmite, the grains of which are optionally coated with a binder such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA).
- a binder such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA).
- the material 3 is placed in the casing 2 by compression directly into the casing. At least one compressed block is thus produced directly inside the casing 2 and around the dispersion rod 6.
- the casing 2 carries the connecting ring 7 extended by the 6. It is easy with a piston pierced to the diameter of the rod 6 to achieve an in situ compression of the masking material 3, without the need to perform a subsequent machining of the compressed block to allow the passage of the cane 6. This results in a great ease of manufacture of the ammunition 1.
- the compression may be performed in one or more passes depending on the length of the munition 1.
- Locking washers 13 will be positioned between the rear of the block of masking material 3 and a base 14 closing the casing 2 at its rear part.
- the washers serve to compensate for manufacturing tolerances over the length of the compressed block of the masking material 3 so that the block is immobilized axially in the munition 1.
- dispersion charge 4 can be put in place only after loading of the masking material 3.
- the compression operations of the masking material 3 are thus performed on a completely inert munition 1.
- a solvent will be added to the masking material, for example methyl ethyl ketone in a reduced proportion (5% to 20% by weight, to limit the dust), the solvent may or may not be removed by suction drying before introduction of the base 14.
- the tests carried out made it possible to verify that the masking material 3 according to the invention was easily compressed, even without a binder.
- the block obtained is particularly compact and solid. No risk of dislocation when firing is to be feared. No settling of the masking material during the storage phases is to be feared either.
- the powder of the masking material can be compressed in a separate mold to form a compressed block which can be manipulated to introduce it into the casing 2.
- the energy imparted by the dispersion charge 4 during its initiation is sufficient to break up the block of the masking material which becomes outside the casing 2 a powdery material forming the desired masking cloud and with the expected performances, especially in the infrared domain.
- ammunition 1 according to the invention which are not fired by a barrel or a mortar tube but which equip the launcher tubes of the close defense ammunition of the armored vehicles.
- the masking cloud will have the effect of concealing the vehicle that fires the munition according to the invention.
- aluminum oxyhydroxide as a masking material 3 need not be in the form of boehmite or pseudo boehmite.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SI201830690T SI3701214T1 (sl) | 2017-10-23 | 2018-09-14 | Uporaba materiala za maskiranje tarče in strelivo za dispergiranje takšnega maskirnega materiala |
HRP20221002TT HRP20221002T1 (hr) | 2017-10-23 | 2018-09-14 | Korištenje materijala za maskiranje cilja i streljivo kojim se omogućava raspršivanje takvog materijala za maskiranje |
RS20220745A RS63479B1 (sr) | 2017-10-23 | 2018-09-14 | Korišćenje materijala za maskiranje cilja i municija kojom se omogućava raspršivanje ovog materijala za maskiranje |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BE2017/5755A BE1025655B1 (fr) | 2017-10-23 | 2017-10-23 | Matériau de masquage et utilisation du matériau pour masquage d'un objectif et munition permettant de disperser un tel matériau de masquage |
PCT/IB2018/057034 WO2019081993A1 (fr) | 2017-10-23 | 2018-09-14 | Matériau de masquage et utilisation du matériau pour masquage d'un objectif et munition permettant de disperser un tel matériau de masquage |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3701214A1 true EP3701214A1 (fr) | 2020-09-02 |
EP3701214B1 EP3701214B1 (fr) | 2022-05-18 |
Family
ID=62027748
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18779054.8A Active EP3701214B1 (fr) | 2017-10-23 | 2018-09-14 | Utilisation de matériau pour masquage d'un objectif et munition permettant de disperser un tel matériau de masquage |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11079208B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3701214B1 (fr) |
BE (1) | BE1025655B1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA3079576A1 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK3701214T3 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2923681T3 (fr) |
HR (1) | HRP20221002T1 (fr) |
HU (1) | HUE059236T2 (fr) |
LT (1) | LT3701214T (fr) |
PL (1) | PL3701214T3 (fr) |
PT (1) | PT3701214T (fr) |
RS (1) | RS63479B1 (fr) |
SI (1) | SI3701214T1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2019081993A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102018129786B4 (de) * | 2018-11-26 | 2022-03-03 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Erprobungs- und/oder Übungsmunition |
DE102020002776A1 (de) | 2020-05-09 | 2021-11-11 | Diehl Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | Wirkmittelanordnung, Geschoss und Verfahren |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2729055B2 (de) * | 1977-06-28 | 1979-07-12 | Nico-Pyrotechnik Hanns-Juergen Diederichs Kg, 2077 Trittau | Verfahren zum Erzeugen von dichten Wolken für militärische Zwecke |
SE418495B (sv) | 1978-03-31 | 1981-06-09 | Lennart Holm | Anvendning av partiklar av aktivt kol i aerosoler avsedda for stralningsabsorption serskilt inom ir-omradet |
FR2730742A1 (fr) | 1983-02-08 | 1996-08-23 | Armement Et D Etudes Sae Alset | Aerosol pulverulent pour la formation d'un ecran nuageux, opaque au rayonnement infrarouge |
US4704966A (en) | 1986-05-16 | 1987-11-10 | Aai Corporation | Method of forming IR smoke screen |
DE4126016C1 (en) | 1991-08-06 | 1992-11-12 | Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf, De | Non-moisture sensitive, artificial camouflaging mixt. - comprises metal dust solid particles e.g. of iron@ surrounded by hydrophobic silica gel |
ATE129650T1 (de) * | 1992-03-13 | 1995-11-15 | Solvay Umweltchemie Gmbh | Abriebfester trägerkatalysator. |
DE4212633A1 (de) * | 1992-04-15 | 1993-10-21 | Inst Neue Mat Gemein Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung oberflächenmodifizierter nanoskaliger keramischer Pulver |
US5531930A (en) | 1994-04-12 | 1996-07-02 | Israel Institute For Biological Research | Aluminum metal composition flake having reduced coating |
NO180216B1 (no) | 1994-11-11 | 1997-03-24 | Forsvarets Forsknings | Anordning ved roykgranat |
DE10325436A1 (de) * | 2003-06-05 | 2004-12-23 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von beschlagsfreien Kratzfest-Schichtsystemen |
US7166271B2 (en) * | 2003-10-28 | 2007-01-23 | J.M. Huber Corporation | Silica-coated boehmite composites suitable for dentifrices |
FR2879439B1 (fr) * | 2004-12-17 | 2007-02-09 | Oreal | Emulsion cosmetique comprenant des particules solides. |
CA2606407A1 (fr) * | 2005-04-26 | 2006-11-02 | Tda Research, Inc. | Compositions liberables empechant la corrosion |
EP2254833A2 (fr) * | 2008-02-19 | 2010-12-01 | Albemarle Europe Sprl. | Procédé de production de boehmite nanodispersable |
US9828304B1 (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2017-11-28 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Composites of porous pyrophoric iron and ceramic and methods for preparation thereof |
-
2017
- 2017-10-23 BE BE2017/5755A patent/BE1025655B1/fr active IP Right Grant
-
2018
- 2018-09-14 DK DK18779054.8T patent/DK3701214T3/da active
- 2018-09-14 PL PL18779054.8T patent/PL3701214T3/pl unknown
- 2018-09-14 LT LTEPPCT/IB2018/057034T patent/LT3701214T/lt unknown
- 2018-09-14 PT PT187790548T patent/PT3701214T/pt unknown
- 2018-09-14 SI SI201830690T patent/SI3701214T1/sl unknown
- 2018-09-14 HU HUE18779054A patent/HUE059236T2/hu unknown
- 2018-09-14 HR HRP20221002TT patent/HRP20221002T1/hr unknown
- 2018-09-14 ES ES18779054T patent/ES2923681T3/es active Active
- 2018-09-14 CA CA3079576A patent/CA3079576A1/fr active Pending
- 2018-09-14 WO PCT/IB2018/057034 patent/WO2019081993A1/fr unknown
- 2018-09-14 RS RS20220745A patent/RS63479B1/sr unknown
- 2018-09-14 EP EP18779054.8A patent/EP3701214B1/fr active Active
- 2018-09-14 US US16/758,171 patent/US11079208B2/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20200309494A1 (en) | 2020-10-01 |
PT3701214T (pt) | 2022-07-13 |
DK3701214T3 (da) | 2022-07-25 |
ES2923681T3 (es) | 2022-09-29 |
HRP20221002T1 (hr) | 2022-11-11 |
EP3701214B1 (fr) | 2022-05-18 |
WO2019081993A1 (fr) | 2019-05-02 |
RS63479B1 (sr) | 2022-08-31 |
PL3701214T3 (pl) | 2022-09-19 |
CA3079576A1 (fr) | 2019-05-02 |
LT3701214T (lt) | 2022-06-27 |
BE1025655B1 (fr) | 2019-05-21 |
BE1025655A1 (fr) | 2019-05-16 |
HUE059236T2 (hu) | 2022-10-28 |
SI3701214T1 (sl) | 2022-07-29 |
US11079208B2 (en) | 2021-08-03 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7469640B2 (en) | Flares including reactive foil for igniting a combustible grain thereof and methods of fabricating and igniting such flares | |
EP3701214B1 (fr) | Utilisation de matériau pour masquage d'un objectif et munition permettant de disperser un tel matériau de masquage | |
US10436560B2 (en) | Polymer projectile having an integrated driving band | |
US9739584B2 (en) | Projectile tracer | |
US8783186B2 (en) | Use of pyrophoric payload material in ammunition training rounds | |
EP1734333B1 (fr) | Munition ou composant de munition constituant un engin volant tel un drône | |
FR2671617A1 (fr) | Charge creuse a dispositif deviateur des ondes de detonation. | |
US8783183B2 (en) | Active body | |
EP0180515B1 (fr) | Dispositif pour réduire la trainée des munitions et munitions aptes à le recevoir | |
US4936219A (en) | Fin protection device | |
JPH01164789A (ja) | 信号弾組成物及びこの信号弾組成物を含む信号弾 | |
US5531930A (en) | Aluminum metal composition flake having reduced coating | |
FR2749382A1 (fr) | Utilisation d'un materiau composite a deux composants metalliques, qui sont amenes a reagir selon une reaction fortement exothermique induite par onde de choc, destine a une partie d'un projectile | |
EP0774642B1 (fr) | Procédé de dispersion ou d'application d'un matériau actif, composition et projectile mettant en oeuvre un tel procédé | |
RU2797572C1 (ru) | Боеприпас гладкоствольного огнестрельного оружия | |
EP0557200B1 (fr) | Procédé et dispositif pour neutraliser une menace par déploiement d'une substance neutralisante | |
CA3045649A1 (fr) | Materiaux auto-incandescents, munition traceuse et dispositifs d'eclairage | |
US1842369A (en) | Gas liberating charge | |
FR2591735A1 (fr) | Generateur pyrotechnique de gaz et utilisation dans un dispositif ejecteur de sous-munitions d'une charge militaire | |
FR2674620A1 (fr) | Dispositif explosif, notamment pour bombes. | |
FR2741434A1 (fr) | Procede de dispersion ou d'application d'un materiau actif et composition mise en oeuvre pour un tel procede | |
RU2114380C1 (ru) | Унитарный патрон | |
EP1059505B1 (fr) | Douille métallique de munition pour armes à feu interieurement revêtue d'un manchon anti-érosif | |
RU2357945C1 (ru) | Пиротехнический гранулированный состав для образования дымовой завесы инфракрасного излучения с пороховым покрытием и способ его изготовления | |
FR2634878A1 (fr) | Projectile pour la lutte contre les blindes et en particulier contre les blindes equipes de blindage actif ou reactif |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: HR Ref legal event code: TUEP Ref document number: P20221002T Country of ref document: HR |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20200505 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20220105 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: FRENCH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 602018035802 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 1493391 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20220615 Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: FP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: RO Ref legal event code: EPE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: PT Ref legal event code: SC4A Ref document number: 3701214 Country of ref document: PT Date of ref document: 20220713 Kind code of ref document: T Free format text: AVAILABILITY OF NATIONAL TRANSLATION Effective date: 20220707 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DK Ref legal event code: T3 Effective date: 20220720 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FI Ref legal event code: FGE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NO Ref legal event code: T2 Effective date: 20220518 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: SE Ref legal event code: TRGR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2923681 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 Effective date: 20220929 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: EE Ref legal event code: FG4A Ref document number: E022633 Country of ref document: EE Effective date: 20220804 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GR Ref legal event code: EP Ref document number: 20220401662 Country of ref document: GR Effective date: 20221010 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: HR Ref legal event code: ODRP Ref document number: P20221002T Country of ref document: HR Payment date: 20220914 Year of fee payment: 5 Ref country code: HU Ref legal event code: AG4A Ref document number: E059236 Country of ref document: HU |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: HR Ref legal event code: T1PR Ref document number: P20221002 Country of ref document: HR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 602018035802 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20230221 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: UEP Ref document number: 1493391 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20220518 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: HR Ref legal event code: ODRP Ref document number: P20221002 Country of ref document: HR Payment date: 20231003 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: TR Payment date: 20230912 Year of fee payment: 6 Ref country code: RO Payment date: 20230913 Year of fee payment: 6 Ref country code: NO Payment date: 20230913 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MT Payment date: 20230919 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20231218 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20230922 Year of fee payment: 6 Ref country code: HR Payment date: 20231003 Year of fee payment: 6 Ref country code: CH Payment date: 20231004 Year of fee payment: 6 Ref country code: CY Payment date: 20230913 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AL Payment date: 20230914 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MK Payment date: 20230929 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IS Payment date: 20240912 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BG Payment date: 20240911 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FI Payment date: 20240919 Year of fee payment: 7 Ref country code: LT Payment date: 20240912 Year of fee payment: 7 Ref country code: MC Payment date: 20240925 Year of fee payment: 7 Ref country code: IE Payment date: 20240925 Year of fee payment: 7 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20240926 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Payment date: 20240925 Year of fee payment: 7 Ref country code: GR Payment date: 20240923 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20240925 Year of fee payment: 7 Ref country code: PT Payment date: 20240916 Year of fee payment: 7 Ref country code: SM Payment date: 20240920 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 20240910 Year of fee payment: 7 Ref country code: LU Payment date: 20240925 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20240925 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20240925 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CZ Payment date: 20240912 Year of fee payment: 7 Ref country code: EE Payment date: 20240912 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20240926 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PL Payment date: 20240912 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HU Payment date: 20240927 Year of fee payment: 7 Ref country code: SK Payment date: 20240911 Year of fee payment: 7 Ref country code: SI Payment date: 20240912 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LV Payment date: 20240911 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 20240925 Year of fee payment: 7 Ref country code: RS Payment date: 20240912 Year of fee payment: 7 |