EP3692561A1 - Method for producing a sealed electrical connection in a ceramic case and image-intensifier tube comprising such a case - Google Patents
Method for producing a sealed electrical connection in a ceramic case and image-intensifier tube comprising such a caseInfo
- Publication number
- EP3692561A1 EP3692561A1 EP18804374.9A EP18804374A EP3692561A1 EP 3692561 A1 EP3692561 A1 EP 3692561A1 EP 18804374 A EP18804374 A EP 18804374A EP 3692561 A1 EP3692561 A1 EP 3692561A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ceramic housing
- ceramic
- eutectic
- tin
- intensifier tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
- H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
- H01J31/50—Image-conversion or image-amplification tubes, i.e. having optical, X-ray, or analogous input, and optical output
- H01J31/506—Image-conversion or image-amplification tubes, i.e. having optical, X-ray, or analogous input, and optical output tubes using secondary emission effect
- H01J31/507—Image-conversion or image-amplification tubes, i.e. having optical, X-ray, or analogous input, and optical output tubes using secondary emission effect using a large number of channels, e.g. microchannel plates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/03—Use of materials for the substrate
- H05K1/0306—Inorganic insulating substrates, e.g. ceramic, glass
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/40—Forming printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
- H05K3/4038—Through-connections; Vertical interconnect access [VIA] connections
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/40—Forming printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
- H05K3/4038—Through-connections; Vertical interconnect access [VIA] connections
- H05K3/4046—Through-connections; Vertical interconnect access [VIA] connections using auxiliary conductive elements, e.g. metallic spheres, eyelets, pieces of wire
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/40—Forming printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
- H05K3/4038—Through-connections; Vertical interconnect access [VIA] connections
- H05K3/4076—Through-connections; Vertical interconnect access [VIA] connections by thin-film techniques
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2231/00—Cathode ray tubes or electron beam tubes
- H01J2231/50—Imaging and conversion tubes
- H01J2231/501—Imaging and conversion tubes including multiplication stage
- H01J2231/5013—Imaging and conversion tubes including multiplication stage with secondary emission electrodes
- H01J2231/5016—Michrochannel plates [MCP]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/09—Shape and layout
- H05K2201/09209—Shape and layout details of conductors
- H05K2201/095—Conductive through-holes or vias
- H05K2201/09572—Solder filled plated through-hole in the final product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of manufacturing image intensifier tubes. It finds particular application in night vision systems. STATE OF THE PRIOR ART
- a night vision system uses an image intensifier device to make an obscure environment perceptible to an observer. More specifically, the image intensifier device collects the radiation emitted by the environment, including the small amount of visible light as well as the infrared radiation, and amplifies it so as to output an image of the environment that is perceptible to the environment. human eye. At the output of the image intensifier device, the light signal can be recorded by a recording device, displayed on an external monitor or directly visualized by an observer. In the latter case, image intensifier devices are used in night vision goggles or binoculars worn by a person at the head so as to directly transmit the output light signal to the person's eyes. It is then usually desired to have a night vision system with reduced space and low weight.
- This image intensifier tube, 100 has been shown in FIG. 1. It essentially comprises a housing 110, ceramic, forming the body of the tube, of shape substantially annular. The body of the tube, of axis AA, is closed at one of its ends by an inlet window 120 and at the opposite end by an exit window 130.
- the entrance window generally made of glass, comprises a inner face on which is deposited the photoemissive layer of a photocathode 125.
- the exit window usually also glass (for example a bundle of optical fibers), has an inner face on which is deposited a phosphor screen 135.
- a microchannel slab, 140, or GMC is disposed between the input window and the exit window, and rests on an inner edge of the ceramic housing, 110. It has an input face parallel to the photocathode and a face of parallel output to the phosphor screen.
- this intensifier tube lies in the realization of the ceramic housing.
- This consists of a multilayer ceramic substrate for positioning the GMC at a small distance from the photocathode.
- Metal tracks (not shown) provided within the multilayer ceramic substrate enable the GMC to be connected to external contact pins 150 and thus to polarize it positively with respect to the photocathode.
- the inlet and outlet windows are sealed on the ceramic housing so as to seal the assembly and maintain the vacuum inside the tube.
- the sealing on the entrance window is done by means of an InSn joint, 141, and that on the exit window by means of an Indium joint, 142.
- the maintenance of the GMC on the annular tube body is ensured by sealing with Indium microbeads.
- a spacer (spacer), 141, disposed between the upper face of the ceramic housing and the entrance window ensures a predetermined distance between the inner face of the photocathode and the input face of the GMC.
- This image intensifier tube although substantially more compact than traditional tubes, however, has a number of limitations.
- the mechanical strength of the tube is not optimal because of the presence of the ceramic spacer between the inlet window and the annular housing. It can move during an impact and lead to geometrical positioning defects of the GMC with respect to the photocathode (parallelism defects, non-compliance with the distance command between GMC and photocathode in particular), which can be detrimental to the uniformity of the impulse response, ie the uniformity of the Modulation Transfer Function (MTF), and can degrade the resolution of the intensified image.
- MTF Modulation Transfer Function
- the metal tracks of the multilayer ceramic substrate which connect the electrodes of the GMC to the outer contact pins can lead to sealing defects of the ceramic housing and a shorter life of the tube.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks and in particular to provide a method of making sealed electrical connections in a ceramic housing, in particular for an image intensifier tube.
- a second object of the present invention is to provide a sealed ceramic housing structure ensuring the mechanical strength of the tube and maintaining the geometric positioning of the GMC with respect to the input window.
- the present invention is defined by a method of producing a sealed electrical connection through the wall of a ceramic housing, in particular a ceramic housing of an image intensifier tube, the ceramic housing being provided with a hole opening on an inner surface of the housing through a first port and on an outer surface of the housing through a second port, the method comprising the steps of: metallization of the hole is carried out to obtain a via, successively depositing a metal layer of hook, a diffusion barrier and a layer of wetting agent;
- the diffusion barrier is preferably made of a metal selected from nickel, chromium, a nickel-chromium alloy and platinum.
- the wetting agent layer is advantageously made of gold or silver.
- the AuSn eutectic is composed of 80% gold and 20% tin
- the AuGe eutectic is composed of 88% gold and 12% germanium
- the eutectic AgSn is composed of 96.5 % tin and 3.5% silver
- the eutectic InSn is composed of 52% of indium and 48% of tin the percentages being mass.
- the ceramic housing is made by means of a ceramic particle injection molding followed by sintering.
- Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of the structure of an image intensifier tube known from the state of the art;
- Fig. 2 already described, is a vertical sectional view of the structure of an image intensifier tube according to one embodiment of the invention.
- Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the structure of the image intensifier tube of FIG. 2;
- Fig. 4 shows a ceramic housing used in the image intensifier tube of FIG. 2;
- Fig. 5 schematically shows a method of making sealed electrical connections in a ceramic housing according to one embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 2 It is shown in FIG. 2 a sectional view of an image intensifier tube according to one embodiment of the invention.
- the image intensifier tube, 200 comprises a ceramic housing 210, forming the body of the tube, a window input 220 on the inner side of which is deposited a photocathode and an exit window, 230 on the inner side of which is deposited a phosphor screen.
- the entrance and exit windows are usually made in the form of glass blocks.
- the outer face of the exit window can be connected to a bundle of optical fibers to deport the intensified image.
- the tube 200 has a substantially cylindrical shape along an optical axis OZ.
- the tube 200 may have a shape of square section, rectangular, hexagonal, or other.
- a mark (R, Z) is represented where R is the radial direction of the tube and Z is the axial direction of the tube, parallel to the optical axis OZ, oriented in the opposite direction to the propagation of photons and electrons to the Inside the tube 200.
- the upper part of the tube consists of the entrance window and the lower part of the exit window tube.
- a microchannel slab or GMC, 240 rests on a shoulder, 211, of the ceramic housing, opposite the photocathode, the entry window resting on a vertical abutment, 219, forming an integral part of the ceramic housing and overhanging this shoulder.
- the distance between the light emitting layer of the photocathode and the input surface of the GMC is entirely determined by the geometry of the ceramic housing, more precisely by the height of the abutment with respect to the shoulder as well as by the thickness of the GMC.
- the integration of a vertical stop in the ceramic housing makes it possible to form a monolithic assembly and to reduce the number of elements of the tube, it improves both its rigidity and the respect of the geometrical constraints.
- Vertical electrical connections 215 are provided in the shoulder of the ceramic housing so as to allow the connection of the electrodes of the GMC with external contact pins (not shown).
- the inlet window 220 is sealingly sealed to an annular surface 217 of the upper part of the ceramic housing, for example by means of an indium seal, in a manner known per se.
- the exit window is similarly sealed to the ceramic housing.
- a eutectic material having a high melting point selected from I nSn with 52% indium and 48% tin, AuSn with 80% gold and 20% of tin, AuGe with 88% gold and 12% germanium, and AgSn with 96.5% tin and 3.5% silver, the percentages being mass.
- the ceramic case can be made using an injection molding technique or ICM (Ceramic Injection Molding). This technique involves injecting into a mold a raw material composed of organic materials heavily loaded with fine ceramic particles and carrying the mold at a high temperature and pressure. After molding, the organic binders are removed by dissolution in a solvent and then heat treatment. The product thus obtained can then be sintered or cofired.
- ICM injection molding technique
- This technique involves injecting into a mold a raw material composed of organic materials heavily loaded with fine ceramic particles and carrying the mold at a high temperature and pressure. After molding, the organic binders are removed by dissolution in a solvent and then heat treatment. The product thus obtained can then be sintered or cofired.
- Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the image intensifier tube of FIG.
- It contains the ceramic housing 210 on which the GMC 240 and the input window 220 rest, the other end of the housing being closed by the exit window 230.
- the ceramic housing 210 has an annular shape with a central recess 212 defining the active zone of the intensifier tube.
- the profile of the upper part of the housing comprises, going from the center to the periphery of the housing, the annular shoulder on which the GMC is resting, the annular abutment 219 on which the entrance window and the annular surface device 210 on which is sealed the entrance window.
- Fig. 4 shows the detail of the ceramic housing, 210.
- the shoulder 211 supported by an annular base 216, the shoulder and the annular base being connected by ribs 213 extending radially from the latter.
- the inside of the annular base defines the central recess 212.
- the shoulder 211 is crossed by vias 215 opening at its lower surface 214. These vias are plugged at both ends by a metal or a metal eutectic as explained below. .
- the clogged vias provide the electrical connections between the GMC electrodes and the external contact pins, while ensuring the tightness of the tube.
- the electrodes of the GMC are at least two in number, one electrode being connected to the upper face and one electrode being connected to the lower face, which requires the presence of at least two vias in the shoulder.
- the vias can be in greater number, especially in case of segmentation of the electrodes.
- the process comprises three steps 500, 540 and 550.
- the first step is a metallization step carried out by evaporation (PVD), by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), by cathodic sputtering (sputtering) or by electrolytic deposition.
- PVD evaporation
- CVD chemical vapor deposition
- sputtering cathodic sputtering
- electrolytic deposition electrolytic deposition
- This first step includes a first substep 510 of depositing a metal layer of hooked on the inner surface of the hole.
- the function of the hook layer is to adhere to the ceramic surface (formation of a metal-ceramic bond) so as to ensure in turn the adhesion of the upper layers.
- the metal of the hook layer will advantageously be selected from tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), titanium (Ti) and chromium (Cr).
- a second metal layer, called diffusion barrier is then directly deposited, 520, on the hooked layer. This layer has the function of preventing the migration of metal from the upper layers to the ceramic so that the interface between the hook layer and the ceramic is not deteriorated.
- the diffusion barrier metal will advantageously be chosen from nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), a nickel-chromium alloy (NiCr), or else platinum (Pt). This layer also serves as a base metal layer.
- a thin protective layer against Au or Ag oxidation is deposited in 530, which acts as a wetting agent in the subsequent melting step.
- a filler metal is placed in 540 on the wetting agent layer, for example in the form of a ball, a pellet, a portion of ribbon or more generally of any preform. This preform is placed so as to obstruct the metallized hole or via.
- the filler metal may be indium or a eutectic selected from AuSn with 80% gold and 20% tin, AuGe with 88% gold and 12% germanium, AgSn with 96.5% of tin and 3.5% silver, InSn with 52% indium and 48% tin, the percentages being mass.
- the filler metal preform is then brought to a melting temperature.
- the molten filler metal covers the base metal layer with the wetting agent deposited on it and migrates to the diffusion barrier.
- the molten metal obstructs the via and makes it waterproof by solidifying.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Image-Pickup Tubes, Image-Amplification Tubes, And Storage Tubes (AREA)
- Non-Disconnectible Joints And Screw-Threaded Joints (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Multi-Conductor Connections (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1760475A FR3073320B1 (en) | 2017-11-08 | 2017-11-08 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SEALED ELECTRICAL CONNECTION IN A CERAMIC HOUSING AND INTENSIFYING IMAGE TUBE COMPRISING SUCH A HOUSING |
PCT/FR2018/052732 WO2019092353A1 (en) | 2017-11-08 | 2018-11-06 | Method for producing a sealed electrical connection in a ceramic case and image-intensifier tube comprising such a case |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3692561A1 true EP3692561A1 (en) | 2020-08-12 |
Family
ID=61750226
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18804374.9A Pending EP3692561A1 (en) | 2017-11-08 | 2018-11-06 | Method for producing a sealed electrical connection in a ceramic case and image-intensifier tube comprising such a case |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11576258B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3692561A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP7245243B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20200085311A (en) |
CN (1) | CN111316395B (en) |
AU (1) | AU2018363254B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR112020008578A2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA3081403A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR3073320B1 (en) |
IL (1) | IL274466A (en) |
RU (1) | RU2020118345A (en) |
SG (1) | SG11202004104PA (en) |
TW (1) | TWI798286B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2019092353A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4727633A (en) * | 1985-08-08 | 1988-03-01 | Tektronix, Inc. | Method of securing metallic members together |
JPS6333175A (en) * | 1985-08-08 | 1988-02-12 | Sony Tektronix Corp | Joining method for metallic member |
FR2677808B1 (en) * | 1991-06-14 | 1997-06-27 | Thomson Composants Militaires | DEVICE FOR FIXING A CCD SENSOR ON AN IMAGE ENHANCER TUBE. |
US6483231B1 (en) * | 1999-05-07 | 2002-11-19 | Litton Systems, Inc. | Night vision device and method |
US7482571B2 (en) * | 2005-08-01 | 2009-01-27 | Itt Manufacturing Enterprises, Inc. | Low cost planar image intensifier tube structure |
JP5014642B2 (en) * | 2006-02-16 | 2012-08-29 | 株式会社トクヤマ | Leaded metallized ceramic substrate and package |
WO2009051178A1 (en) * | 2007-10-19 | 2009-04-23 | Nippon Tungsten Co., Ltd. | Led package substrate and led package using the same |
FR2925218B1 (en) * | 2007-12-13 | 2010-03-12 | Photonis France | IMAGE INTENSIFIER TUBE WITH REDUCED SIZE AND NIGHT VISION SYSTEM EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A TUBE |
TWI407534B (en) * | 2008-06-03 | 2013-09-01 | Unimicron Technology Corp | Package substrate having double-sided circuits and fabrication method thereof |
JP5409432B2 (en) * | 2010-02-23 | 2014-02-05 | 京セラ株式会社 | Electronic component mounting package and electronic device using the same |
TWI397190B (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2013-05-21 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Method of manufacturing metal wrap through solar cell |
JP2012084817A (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2012-04-26 | Panasonic Corp | Semiconductor device |
US8383505B2 (en) * | 2011-04-05 | 2013-02-26 | International Business Machines Corporation | Solder ball contact susceptible to lower stress |
US9105628B1 (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2015-08-11 | Valery Dubin | Through substrate via (TSuV) structures and method of making the same |
US20140264848A1 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2014-09-18 | SK Hynix Inc. | Semiconductor package and method for fabricating the same |
US10163644B2 (en) * | 2014-02-07 | 2018-12-25 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company | Interconnect structure including a conductive feature and a barrier layer on sidewalls and a bottom surface of the conductive feature and method of forming the same |
US20170217767A1 (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2017-08-03 | Innovative Micro Technology | Through substrate vias using solder bumps |
US10130302B2 (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2018-11-20 | International Business Machines Corporation | Via and trench filling using injection molded soldering |
-
2017
- 2017-11-08 FR FR1760475A patent/FR3073320B1/en active Active
-
2018
- 2018-11-06 CN CN201880072338.4A patent/CN111316395B/en active Active
- 2018-11-06 SG SG11202004104PA patent/SG11202004104PA/en unknown
- 2018-11-06 WO PCT/FR2018/052732 patent/WO2019092353A1/en unknown
- 2018-11-06 RU RU2020118345A patent/RU2020118345A/en unknown
- 2018-11-06 BR BR112020008578-2A patent/BR112020008578A2/en unknown
- 2018-11-06 JP JP2020524499A patent/JP7245243B2/en active Active
- 2018-11-06 AU AU2018363254A patent/AU2018363254B2/en active Active
- 2018-11-06 CA CA3081403A patent/CA3081403A1/en active Pending
- 2018-11-06 KR KR1020207016291A patent/KR20200085311A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2018-11-06 EP EP18804374.9A patent/EP3692561A1/en active Pending
- 2018-11-06 US US16/761,121 patent/US11576258B2/en active Active
- 2018-11-08 TW TW107139708A patent/TWI798286B/en active
-
2020
- 2020-05-05 IL IL274466A patent/IL274466A/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2020118345A (en) | 2021-12-08 |
CN111316395A (en) | 2020-06-19 |
AU2018363254B2 (en) | 2024-03-28 |
US11576258B2 (en) | 2023-02-07 |
CN111316395B (en) | 2024-01-02 |
AU2018363254A1 (en) | 2020-05-21 |
TW201923997A (en) | 2019-06-16 |
RU2020118345A3 (en) | 2022-01-28 |
WO2019092353A1 (en) | 2019-05-16 |
IL274466A (en) | 2020-06-30 |
BR112020008578A2 (en) | 2020-10-20 |
FR3073320A1 (en) | 2019-05-10 |
CA3081403A1 (en) | 2019-05-16 |
KR20200085311A (en) | 2020-07-14 |
SG11202004104PA (en) | 2020-06-29 |
FR3073320B1 (en) | 2019-11-22 |
JP2021502668A (en) | 2021-01-28 |
US20200275551A1 (en) | 2020-08-27 |
TWI798286B (en) | 2023-04-11 |
JP7245243B2 (en) | 2023-03-23 |
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