EP3120954A1 - Method for coating a part - Google Patents

Method for coating a part Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3120954A1
EP3120954A1 EP15178288.5A EP15178288A EP3120954A1 EP 3120954 A1 EP3120954 A1 EP 3120954A1 EP 15178288 A EP15178288 A EP 15178288A EP 3120954 A1 EP3120954 A1 EP 3120954A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
preform
foam
expansion
amorphous metal
manufacturing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15178288.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3120954B1 (en
Inventor
Alban Dubach
Yves Winkler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Swatch Group Research and Development SA
Original Assignee
Swatch Group Research and Development SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to CH01083/15A priority Critical patent/CH711381B1/en
Application filed by Swatch Group Research and Development SA filed Critical Swatch Group Research and Development SA
Priority to EP15178288.5A priority patent/EP3120954B1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2016/067292 priority patent/WO2017016951A1/en
Priority to JP2018502408A priority patent/JP6523551B2/en
Priority to CN201680043305.8A priority patent/CN107921538B/en
Priority to US15/741,310 priority patent/US11167349B2/en
Publication of EP3120954A1 publication Critical patent/EP3120954A1/en
Priority to HK18111786.5A priority patent/HK1252478A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3120954B1 publication Critical patent/EP3120954B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/08—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for building-up linings or coverings, e.g. of anti-frictional metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
    • B22F3/1121—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers
    • B22F3/1125—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers involving a foaming process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/04—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for joining parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
    • B22D23/06—Melting-down metal, e.g. metal particles, in the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/002—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature
    • B22F7/004—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature comprising at least one non-porous part
    • B22F7/006—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature comprising at least one non-porous part the porous part being obtained by foaming
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/11—Making amorphous alloys
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B37/00—Cases
    • G04B37/22—Materials or processes of manufacturing pocket watch or wrist watch cases
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B37/00—Cases
    • G04B37/22—Materials or processes of manufacturing pocket watch or wrist watch cases
    • G04B37/225—Non-metallic cases
    • G04B37/226—Non-metallic cases coated with a metallic layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D25/00—Special casting characterised by the nature of the product
    • B22D25/005—Casting metal foams

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device comprising a first part made of a first material and at least a second part made of a second material, characterized in that the second part is made of a foam and assembled to the first part.
  • the technical field of the invention is the field of fine mechanics.
  • the known methods consist in generally depositing a layer of the desired material by electroplating.
  • Shocks applied to the said part then cause a marking of the coating decreasing the aesthetic appearance of the room and degrading the performance of the coating.
  • Another solution is to use a metal sheet and to fix this metal sheet on the part to be coated as a support. Fixing is done by gluing or welding or soldering or forced insertion.
  • a disadvantage of this method is that it is not suitable for materials that are fragile silicon type.
  • the invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art by proposing to provide a method for coating a part in a simple and safe manner without limitation as to the nature of the parts fixed together.
  • the expansion of the preform is used to form a coated part.
  • the expansion of the preform is used to form a bi-material part.
  • the first part is provided with at least one cavity in which the amorphous metal foam forming the second part extends.
  • the first part is provided with at least one protuberance (15) around which the amorphous metal foam forming the second part extends.
  • the first part is provided with structures (14) allowing a better grip of the second part.
  • the method comprises a preliminary step of manufacturing an at least partially amorphous metal alloy foam preform.
  • the expansion of the foam is controlled by the temperature, the higher the temperature and the greater the expansion.
  • the expansion of the foam depends on the density of gas in the foam, the greater the volume of trapped gas is large the greater the expansion will be.
  • expansion is achieved by having the pressure in the foam greater than that of the atmosphere.
  • the invention also relates to a device comprising a first part made of a first material and a second part made of a second material, characterized in that the second part extends from one of the faces of the first part and is made of an at least partially amorphous metal alloy foam.
  • the second piece is a coating.
  • the second part makes it possible to form a bi-material part.
  • the first piece is provided with at least one cavity in which the amorphous metal foam forming the second piece extends.
  • the first piece is provided with at least one protuberance around which the amorphous metal foam forming the second piece extends.
  • the first piece is provided with structures in which the amorphous metal foam forming the second piece extends.
  • the present invention relates to a device and its method of assembly, the device comprising a first part and at least a second part.
  • the device 10 comprises a first portion 11 and a second portion 12.
  • the first portion 11 is made of a first material while the second portion 12 is made of a second material.
  • the first part or the second part is in the form of an at least partially amorphous metal foam comprising at least one metal element such as an at least partially amorphous metal alloy.
  • This metal element may be a conventional metallic element such as iron, nickel, zirconium, or precious such as gold, platinum, palladium, rhenium, ruthenium, rhodium, silver, iridium or osmium. It will be understood by at least partially amorphous material that the material is capable of solidifying at least partially in amorphous phase, that is to say that it is subjected to a rise in temperature above its melting temperature allowing it to locally losing any crystalline structure, said rise being followed by cooling to a temperature below its glass transition temperature allowing it to become at least partially amorphous.
  • Such a foam can be made using different techniques.
  • a first method is to bring an alloy and heat it until it reaches a liquid state. At this time, gas bubbles are injected into said alloy in the liquid state. This injection of gas bubbles occurs before a step of rapid cooling. This rapid cooling step is performed to solidify said alloy while trapping the gas bubbles.
  • a second method for producing such a foam is to provide an alloy and heat it until it reaches a liquid state.
  • chemical agents are injected into said alloy in the liquid state.
  • These chemical agents are gas liberating agents so that the latter, under certain conditions, release gases.
  • These chemical agents or precursors may be, for example, titanium or zirconium hydrides. This release of gas occurs before a rapid cooling step. This rapid cooling step is performed to solidify said alloy while trapping the gas bubbles.
  • a variant of this second method consists in providing a material capable of becoming a foam in order to obtain a material which becomes an amorphous metal foam only at the moment of its shaping.
  • the chemical agents used are liberating agents that release gases under certain conditions of temperature and pressure.
  • the pressure during cooling the release of the gas is contained.
  • the increase in temperature allows the release of the gas and therefore the transformation of the foam material.
  • a third method for producing an amorphous metal foam consists of successive layers of powder layers, each layer of powder being sintered locally by a laser or electron beam. This local sintering thus makes it possible, at each layer of powder, to create the pores which will make it possible to form the foam.
  • the second part 12 is then a coating or an integral part of the first part 11.
  • the example of a bezel 21 acting as a first part 11, covered by a layer 22 of foam acting as a second part 12 forming a coated part 20, will be considered.
  • the first material may be a material conventionally used as steel, brass, aluminum or titanium but it may also be a so-called fragile material.
  • the term brittle material is understood to mean a material that does not have a workable plastic domain, for example quartz, ruby, sapphire, glass, silicon, graphite, carbon or a ceramic such as silicon nitride and silicon. silicon carbide or a cermet composite.
  • the method consists, in a first step, of providing a preform 23 of amorphous metal foam.
  • a second step is to provide the part to be coated, here the bezel 21, and to place it in a mold 24 which may be matrices 24a, 24b having the negative shape of the coated part as visible in FIG. figure 2 .
  • This mold can be formed of two matrices.
  • the preform 23 is also placed in the mold.
  • the mold will have the shape of the gear or the bezel and dimensions equal to dimensions of the gear to which are added the 0.1 mm of the layer. There is therefore a space 25 to fill.
  • a heating step is performed.
  • This heating step consists in heating the assembly to a temperature between the glass transition temperature Tg and the crystallization temperature Tx of the preform.
  • Tg glass transition temperature
  • Tx crystallization temperature
  • the amorphous metals have a viscosity which decreases sharply, the decrease of the viscosity being dependent on the temperature: the higher the temperature, the lower the viscosity. This viscosity allows the amorphous metal, when stressed, to fit into every corner of a mold.
  • the pressure in the negative is lower than the pressure of the gas inside the preform, otherwise there can be no expansion.
  • a sealed mold it may be cleverly provided to put the cavity formed by the two matrices under vacuum.
  • the enclosure in which the mold is located is evacuated or at a pressure sufficiently lower than the pressure of the gas.
  • these two matrices can be fastened to each other via fastening means such as screws or simply by exerting on them a pressure.
  • a cooling step is performed. This cooling step is made to freeze the amorphous metal foam preform and form the intermediate piece. The device is then separated from the matrices to obtain the device of the figure 1 .
  • the final piece is composed of a first portion 11 of any material and a second portion 12 amorphous metal foam.
  • the method consists, in a first step, of providing an amorphous metal foam preform.
  • it may be a bi-material bezel consisting of a base 31 acting as a first part 11 on a second part 12 of a second material. This second part 12 then forms an outer shell 32 of the telescope as visible in FIG. figure 5 .
  • the final piece 10 may be an axis 41 whose tigers 42 are made of a second material as visible in FIG. figure 6 .
  • first part or the second part may be amorphous metal foam.
  • a second step is to provide the first portion 11 of the bi-material part and place it in a mold having the shape and dimensions of the final part.
  • the preform is also placed in the mold.
  • the preform has a shape similar to that of the second part.
  • a heating step is performed.
  • This heating step consists in heating the assembly to a temperature between the glass transition temperature Tg and the crystallization temperature Tx of the preform.
  • Tg glass transition temperature
  • Tx crystallization temperature
  • the amorphous metals have a viscosity which decreases sharply, the decrease of the viscosity being dependent on the temperature: the higher the temperature, the lower the viscosity.
  • This viscosity allows the amorphous metal to fit into every corner of a mold. This rise in temperature also makes it possible to heat the gas bubbles present in the foam preform.
  • a heated gas expands so that it will occupy a larger volume. Since the amorphous metal of the foam is in a so-called viscous state, this expansion of the gas causes an expansion of the foam preform, this preform starts to swell. As a result, the volume taken up by the preform increases. This increase in the volume of the preform associated with the shaping characteristics of the amorphous metals leads to the filling of the mold, that is to say the filling of the space dedicated to the second part of the final part.
  • a cooling step is performed. This cooling step is made to freeze the amorphous metal foam preform and form the intermediate piece.
  • the first piece 11 of the final piece is provided with a cavity 13.
  • This cavity 13 is used to improve the connection between the first piece 31 and the second piece 32 in the case where the second piece 32 is a coating or is used to form a bi-material part.
  • the production of a cavity 13 makes it possible, during manufacture, for the amorphous metal foam to extend to reinforce the connection between the first piece and the second piece.
  • This cavity may be provided or replaced, depending on the case, by structures 14 which increase the roughness and thus the grip as visible in FIG. figure 8 .
  • the cavity is arranged to have a shape such that its surface is not constant. This means that the cavity does not have a constant profile as a function of depth. Ideally, the profile of the cavity will be widened as a function of depth so as to create a natural reservoir.
  • the preform becomes a foam only in the third step.
  • the foam uses precursor chemical agents which release gas under the effect of a temperature, it has previously been described that the alloy containing these precursor chemicals can be cooled before they release the gas to obtain a preform is not in the form of a foam.
  • the method is to provide the preform is not in the form of a foam and place it in the mold.
  • the whole is then heated to a temperature allowing the precursor chemical agents to release gas, this temperature also allowing the gases to expand and cause an expansion of the material.
  • control of the expansion of the amorphous metal foam preform can be done in several ways.
  • a first solution consists in modifying the density of the gas bubbles during the manufacture of the foam.
  • One method of making amorphous metal foam is to inject gas bubbles into the molten metal and cool it to trap these bubbles.
  • the injection of gas bubbles can be controlled so that they are distributed more or less homogeneously and more or less dense. It will be understood that the higher the density of the gas bubbles, the greater the volume of gas enclosed in the foam. However, the larger the enclosed volume of gas and the greater the expansion will be due to the expansion of the gas during the heating step.
  • a second solution is to control the expansion of the amorphous metal foam by changing the temperature of the heating step. Indeed, when a gas is subjected to a warming, the amount of movement of the particles that compose it increases. At constant volume, this results in an increase in pressure because the number of shocks between particles per unit area increases. If the pressure must remain constant, the volume of the gas must then increase, according to the ideal gas law. Therefore, by increasing or decreasing the heating temperature during the heating step, the volume of the gas enclosed in the amorphous metal foam is varied and its expansion is therefore modified.
  • the control of the expansion of the amorphous metal foam is done by controlling the atmosphere in the heating chamber of the second embodiment or in the mold cavity in the first embodiment.
  • This solution assumes that expansion is possible from the moment when the pressure of the gas enclosed in the amorphous metal foam is greater than that of the atmosphere outside the foam.
  • the outside atmosphere should be close to the vacuum so that foam expansion is maximized. Therefore, by adjusting the external pressure, the amplitude of the expansion of said foam is adjusted knowing that the higher the pressure of the outside atmosphere is important and the less the expansion will be important.
  • the cavities can be replaced or completed with protuberances 15 as visible in FIG. figure 9 .
  • These protuberances are the negatives of the cavities and have the same function.
  • the amorphous metal foam is shaped so as to be able to wrap this or these protuberances and improve the joining between the first part and the second part.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif (10) comprenant une première partie (11) réalisée dans un premier matériau et une seconde partie (12) réalisée dans un second matériau, la seconde pièce s'étend depuis l'une des faces de la première partie et est réalisée en un matériau amorphe.The invention relates to a device (10) comprising a first part (11) made of a first material and a second part (12) made of a second material, the second part extending from one of the faces of the first part and is made of an amorphous material.

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif comprenant une première pièce réalisée dans un premier matériau et au moins une seconde pièce réalisée dans un second matériau, caractérisé en ce que la seconde pièce est réalisée en une mousse et assemblée à la première pièce.The present invention relates to a device comprising a first part made of a first material and at least a second part made of a second material, characterized in that the second part is made of a foam and assembled to the first part.

Le domaine technique de l'invention est le domaine de la mécanique fine.The technical field of the invention is the field of fine mechanics.

ARRIERE PLAN TECHNOLOGIQUEBACKGROUND TECHNOLOGY

Il existe de nombreuses méthodes pour réaliser un revêtement d'une première pièce. Les méthodes connues consistent à généralement déposer une couche du matériau voulu par électrodéposition.There are many methods for coating a first part. The known methods consist in generally depositing a layer of the desired material by electroplating.

Toutefois, cette électrodéposition présente l'inconvénient de ne permettre le dépôt que de revêtements de faibles épaisseurs ce qui se traduit par une faible résistance aux chocs.However, this electroplating has the disadvantage of only allowing the deposition of coatings of small thicknesses which results in a low impact resistance.

Les chocs appliqués à la dite pièce entrainent alors un marquage du revêtement diminuant l'aspect esthétique de la pièce et dégradant les performances du revêtement.Shocks applied to the said part then cause a marking of the coating decreasing the aesthetic appearance of the room and degrading the performance of the coating.

Une autre solution consiste à utiliser une feuille métallique et à fixer cette feuille métallique sur la pièce à revêtir faisant office de support. La fixation se fait par collage ou soudage ou brasage ou insertion à force.Another solution is to use a metal sheet and to fix this metal sheet on the part to be coated as a support. Fixing is done by gluing or welding or soldering or forced insertion.

Un inconvénient à cette méthode est que qu'elle ne convient pas pour des matériaux qui sont fragiles du type silicium.A disadvantage of this method is that it is not suitable for materials that are fragile silicon type.

RESUME DE L'INVENTIONSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

L'invention a pour but de pallier les inconvénients de l'art antérieur en proposant de fournir un procédé pour revêtir une pièce de façon simple et sûre sans limitation quant à la nature des pièces fixées ensemble.The invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art by proposing to provide a method for coating a part in a simple and safe manner without limitation as to the nature of the parts fixed together.

A cet effet, l'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'une pièce composée d'une première partie réalisée en un premier matériau et d'une seconde partie réalisée en un second matériau, caractérisé en ce que ledit procédé comprend en outre les étapes suivantes :

  • se munir d'une préforme réalisée avec le second matériau, ledit second matériau étant un matériau métallique au moins partiellement amorphe apte à devenir une mousse sous des conditions de température et de pression;
  • se munir de ladite première partie et placer ladite première partie et la préforme entre deux matrices ayant la forme négative de la pièce à fabriquer;
  • chauffer l'ensemble à une température comprise entre la température de transition vitreuse Tg et la température de cristallisation Tx de la préforme afin de permettre, au plus tard lors de cette étape, à la préforme de se présenter sous la forme d'une mousse et de permettre une expansion de ladite préforme afin de remplir la forme négative du dispositif et former ladite pièce
  • refroidir l'ensemble pour solidifier la préforme et séparer le dispositif des matrices.
For this purpose, the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a part composed of a first part made of a first material and a second part made of a second material, characterized in that said method further comprises the steps following:
  • providing a preform made of the second material, said second material being an at least partially amorphous metallic material capable of becoming a foam under temperature and pressure conditions;
  • providing said first portion and placing said first portion and the preform between two dies having the negative shape of the part to be manufactured;
  • heating the assembly to a temperature between the glass transition temperature Tg and the crystallization temperature Tx of the preform to allow, at the latest during this step, the preform to be in the form of a foam and to allow expansion of said preform to fill the negative form of the device and form said part
  • cool the assembly to solidify the preform and separate the device matrices.

Dans un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'expansion de la préforme est utilisée pour former une pièce revêtue.In a first embodiment of the invention, the expansion of the preform is used to form a coated part.

Dans un second mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'expansion de la préforme est utilisée pour former une pièce bi-matière.In a second embodiment of the invention, the expansion of the preform is used to form a bi-material part.

Dans un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention, la première partie est munie d'au moins une cavité dans laquelle la mousse métallique amorphe formant la seconde pièce s'étend.In a third embodiment of the invention, the first part is provided with at least one cavity in which the amorphous metal foam forming the second part extends.

Dans un quatrième mode de réalisation de l'invention, la première partie est munie d'au moins une protubérance (15) autour de laquelle la mousse métallique amorphe formant la seconde pièce s'étend.In a fourth embodiment of the invention, the first part is provided with at least one protuberance (15) around which the amorphous metal foam forming the second part extends.

Dans un cinquième mode de réalisation de l'invention, la première partie est munie de structurations (14) permettant une meilleure accroche de la seconde partie.In a fifth embodiment of the invention, the first part is provided with structures (14) allowing a better grip of the second part.

Dans un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, le procédé comprend une étape préliminaire de fabrication d'une préforme en mousse d'alliage métallique au moins partiellement amorphe.In another embodiment of the invention, the method comprises a preliminary step of manufacturing an at least partially amorphous metal alloy foam preform.

Dans un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'expansion de la mousse est contrôlée par la température, plus la température est élevée et plus l'expansion est importante.In another embodiment of the invention, the expansion of the foam is controlled by the temperature, the higher the temperature and the greater the expansion.

Dans un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'expansion de la mousse dépend de la densité de gaz dans la mousse, plus le volume de gaz emprisonné est grand est plus l'expansion sera grande.In another embodiment of the invention, the expansion of the foam depends on the density of gas in the foam, the greater the volume of trapped gas is large the greater the expansion will be.

Dans un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, l'expansion est réalisée en ayant la pression dans la mousse supérieure à celle de l'atmosphère.In another embodiment of the invention, expansion is achieved by having the pressure in the foam greater than that of the atmosphere.

L'invention concerne également un dispositif comprenant une première partie réalisée dans un premier matériau et une seconde partie réalisée dans un second matériau, caractérisé en ce que la seconde pièce s'étend depuis l'une des faces de la première partie et est réalisée en une mousse d'alliage métallique au moins partiellement amorphe.The invention also relates to a device comprising a first part made of a first material and a second part made of a second material, characterized in that the second part extends from one of the faces of the first part and is made of an at least partially amorphous metal alloy foam.

Dans un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, la seconde pièce est un revêtement.In a first embodiment of the invention, the second piece is a coating.

Dans un second mode de réalisation de l'invention, la seconde pièce permet de former une pièce bi-matière.In a second embodiment of the invention, the second part makes it possible to form a bi-material part.

Dans un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention, la première pièce est munie d'au moins une cavité dans laquelle la mousse métallique amorphe formant la seconde pièce s'étend.In a third embodiment of the invention, the first piece is provided with at least one cavity in which the amorphous metal foam forming the second piece extends.

Dans un quatrième mode de réalisation de l'invention, la première pièce est munie d'au moins une protubérance autour de laquelle la mousse métallique amorphe formant la seconde pièce s'étend.In a fourth embodiment of the invention, the first piece is provided with at least one protuberance around which the amorphous metal foam forming the second piece extends.

Dans un cinquième mode de réalisation de l'invention, la première pièce est munie de structurations dans laquelle la mousse métallique amorphe formant la seconde pièce s'étend.In a fifth embodiment of the invention, the first piece is provided with structures in which the amorphous metal foam forming the second piece extends.

BREVE DESCRIPTION DES FIGURESBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Les buts, avantages et caractéristiques du procédé selon la présente invention apparaîtront plus clairement dans la description détaillée suivante d'au moins une forme de réalisation de l'invention donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple non limitatif et illustrée par les dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente de manière schématique un dispositif selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention;
  • les figures 2 à 4 représentent de manière schématique le procédé d'assemblage d'un dispositif selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention;
  • les figures 5 et 6 représentent de manière schématique une variante du dispositif selon le premier mode de réalisation de l'invention;
  • les figures 7 à 9 représentent de manière schématique différents modes de réalisation de l'invention.
The objects, advantages and characteristics of the method according to the present invention will appear more clearly in the following detailed description of at least one embodiment of the invention given solely by way of nonlimiting example and illustrated by the appended drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 schematically represents a device according to a first embodiment of the invention;
  • the Figures 2 to 4 schematically represent the method of assembling a device according to a first embodiment of the invention;
  • the Figures 5 and 6 schematically represent a variant of the device according to the first embodiment of the invention;
  • the Figures 7 to 9 schematically represent different embodiments of the invention.

DESCRIPTION DETAILLEEDETAILED DESCRIPTION

La présente invention concerne un dispositif et son procédé d'assemblage, le dispositif comprenant une première pièce et au moins une seconde pièce.The present invention relates to a device and its method of assembly, the device comprising a first part and at least a second part.

Dans un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention visible à la figure 1, le dispositif 10 comprend une première partie 11 et une seconde partie 12. La première partie 11 est réalisée dans un premier matériau alors que la seconde partie 12 est réalisée dans un second matériau.In a first embodiment of the invention visible to the figure 1 , the device 10 comprises a first portion 11 and a second portion 12. The first portion 11 is made of a first material while the second portion 12 is made of a second material.

Avantageusement selon ce premier mode de réalisation, la première partie ou la seconde partie est réalisée sous la forme d'une mousse métallique au moins partiellement amorphe comprenant au moins un élément métallique tel qu'un alliage métallique au moins partiellement amorphe.Advantageously according to this first embodiment, the first part or the second part is in the form of an at least partially amorphous metal foam comprising at least one metal element such as an at least partially amorphous metal alloy.

Cet élément métallique peut être un élément métallique classique tel que le fer, le nickel, le zirconium, ou précieux tel que l'or, le platine, le palladium, le rhénium, le ruthénium, le rhodium, l'argent, l'iridium ou l'osmium. On comprendra par matériau au moins partiellement amorphe que le matériau est apte à se solidifier au moins partiellement en phase amorphe, c'est-à-dire qu'il est soumis à une montée en température au-dessus de sa température de fusion lui permettant de perdre localement toute structure cristalline, ladite montée étant suivie d'un refroidissement à une température inférieure à sa température de transition vitreuse lui permettant de devenir au moins partiellement amorphe.This metal element may be a conventional metallic element such as iron, nickel, zirconium, or precious such as gold, platinum, palladium, rhenium, ruthenium, rhodium, silver, iridium or osmium. It will be understood by at least partially amorphous material that the material is capable of solidifying at least partially in amorphous phase, that is to say that it is subjected to a rise in temperature above its melting temperature allowing it to locally losing any crystalline structure, said rise being followed by cooling to a temperature below its glass transition temperature allowing it to become at least partially amorphous.

Une telle mousse peut être réalisée en utilisant différentes techniques. Une première méthode consiste à se munir d'un alliage et de le faire chauffer jusqu'à lui faire atteindre un état liquide. A ce moment-là, des bulles de gaz sont injectées dans ledit alliage se trouvant à l'état liquide. Cette injection de bulles de gaz intervient avant une étape de refroidissement rapide. Cette étape de refroidissement rapide est opérée pour solidifier ledit alliage tout en emprisonnant les bulles de gaz.Such a foam can be made using different techniques. A first method is to bring an alloy and heat it until it reaches a liquid state. At this time, gas bubbles are injected into said alloy in the liquid state. This injection of gas bubbles occurs before a step of rapid cooling. This rapid cooling step is performed to solidify said alloy while trapping the gas bubbles.

Une seconde méthode pour réaliser une telle mousse consiste à se munir d'un alliage et de le faire chauffer jusqu'à lui faire atteindre un état liquide. A ce moment-là, des agents chimiques sont injectés dans ledit alliage se trouvant à l'état liquide. Ces agents chimiques sont des agents libérateurs de gaz de sorte que ces derniers, sous certaines conditions, libèrent des gaz. Ces agents chimiques ou précurseurs peuvent être par exemple des hydrides de titane ou de zirconium. Cette libération de gaz intervient avant une étape de refroidissement rapide. Cette étape de refroidissement rapide est opérée pour solidifier ledit alliage tout en emprisonnant les bulles de gaz.A second method for producing such a foam is to provide an alloy and heat it until it reaches a liquid state. At this time, chemical agents are injected into said alloy in the liquid state. These chemical agents are gas liberating agents so that the latter, under certain conditions, release gases. These chemical agents or precursors may be, for example, titanium or zirconium hydrides. This release of gas occurs before a rapid cooling step. This rapid cooling step is performed to solidify said alloy while trapping the gas bubbles.

Une variante de cette seconde méthode consiste à fournir un matériau apte à devenir une mousse afin d'obtenir un matériau qui ne devient une mousse métallique amorphe qu'au moment de sa mise en forme. En effet, les agents chimiques utilisés sont des agents libérateurs qui libèrent des gaz sous certaines conditions de température et de pression. Ainsi, en augmentant la pression lors du refroidissement, la libération du gaz est contenue. Lors de la mise en forme, l'augmentation de température permet la libération du gaz et donc la transformation du matériau en mousse.A variant of this second method consists in providing a material capable of becoming a foam in order to obtain a material which becomes an amorphous metal foam only at the moment of its shaping. Indeed, the chemical agents used are liberating agents that release gases under certain conditions of temperature and pressure. Thus, by increasing the pressure during cooling, the release of the gas is contained. During the shaping, the increase in temperature allows the release of the gas and therefore the transformation of the foam material.

Une troisième méthode pour réaliser une mousse en métal amorphe consiste en des dépôts successifs de couches de poudre, chaque couche de poudre étant frittée localement par un faisceau laser ou à électron. Ce frittage local permet ainsi, au niveau de chaque couche de poudre, de créer les pores qui permettront de former la mousse.A third method for producing an amorphous metal foam consists of successive layers of powder layers, each layer of powder being sintered locally by a laser or electron beam. This local sintering thus makes it possible, at each layer of powder, to create the pores which will make it possible to form the foam.

Cela permet avantageusement de réaliser des pièces revêtues ou des pièces bi-matière, la seconde partie 12 est alors un revêtement ou une partie intégrante de la première partie 11.This advantageously makes it possible to produce coated parts or bi-material parts, the second part 12 is then a coating or an integral part of the first part 11.

En effet, il peut être utile, pour des pièces en matériaux fragiles comme le silicium, d'avoir des parties revêtues ou réalisées dans un matériau plus résistant ou présentant des propriétés mécaniques plus favorables ou carrément d'avoir une partie entière de la pièce qui est réalisée dans un autre matériau. Ce mode de réalisation permet également de simplement réaliser la seconde pièce et son assemblage à la première pièce lors d'un seul processus.Indeed, it may be useful, for parts of fragile materials such as silicon, to have parts coated or made of a more resistant material or having more favorable mechanical properties or to have an entire part of the part that is made of another material. This embodiment also makes it possible to simply make the second part and its assembly to the first part during a single process.

Dans le cas où une pièce est revêtue avec la mousse métallique amorphe, on considérera l'exemple d'une lunette 21 faisant office de première partie 11, revêtue par une couche 22 en mousse faisant office de seconde partie 12 formant une pièce revêtue 20 qui est le dispositif 10 final comme visible à la figure 1. Le premier matériau peut être un matériau classiquement utilisé comme l'acier, le laiton, l'aluminium ou le titane mais il peut être également un matériau dit fragile. On entend par matériau fragile un matériau qui n'a pas de domaine plastique exploitable comme par exemple le quartz, le rubis, le saphir, le verre, le silicium, la graphite, le carbone ou une céramique telle que le nitrure de silicium et le carbure de silicium ou un composite de type cermet.In the case where a part is coated with the amorphous metal foam, the example of a bezel 21 acting as a first part 11, covered by a layer 22 of foam acting as a second part 12 forming a coated part 20, will be considered. is the final device 10 as visible to the figure 1 . The first material may be a material conventionally used as steel, brass, aluminum or titanium but it may also be a so-called fragile material. The term brittle material is understood to mean a material that does not have a workable plastic domain, for example quartz, ruby, sapphire, glass, silicon, graphite, carbon or a ceramic such as silicon nitride and silicon. silicon carbide or a cermet composite.

Le procédé consiste, dans une première étape, à se munir d'une préforme 23 de mousse en métal amorphe.The method consists, in a first step, of providing a preform 23 of amorphous metal foam.

Une seconde étape consiste à se munir de la partie à revêtir, ici la lunette 21, et de la placer dans un moule 24 pouvant être des matrices 24a, 24b ayant la forme négative de la pièce revêtue comme visible à la figure 2. Ce moule peut être formé de deux matrices. La préforme 23 est également placée dans le moule.A second step is to provide the part to be coated, here the bezel 21, and to place it in a mold 24 which may be matrices 24a, 24b having the negative shape of the coated part as visible in FIG. figure 2 . This mold can be formed of two matrices. The preform 23 is also placed in the mold.

Par exemple, si on désire revêtir la totalité de la surface d'une lunette ou d'un rouage avec une couche de mousse métallique amorphe de 0,1 millimètre, le moule aura la forme du rouage ou de la lunette et des dimensions égales aux dimensions du rouage auxquels sont ajoutés les 0,1 millimètre de la couche. Il existe donc un espace 25 à remplir.For example, if it is desired to coat the entire surface of a bezel or wheel with an amorphous metal foam layer of 0.1 millimeter, the mold will have the shape of the gear or the bezel and dimensions equal to dimensions of the gear to which are added the 0.1 mm of the layer. There is therefore a space 25 to fill.

Dans une troisième étape, une étape de chauffage est réalisée. Cette étape de chauffage consiste à chauffer l'ensemble à une température comprise entre la température de transition vitreuse Tg et la température de cristallisation Tx de la préforme. A cette température, les métaux amorphes ont une viscosité qui diminue fortement, la diminution de la viscosité étant dépendante de la température: plus la température est élevée, plus la viscosité diminue. Cette viscosité permet au métal amorphe, lorsqu'il est soumis à une contrainte, de s'insérer dans tous les recoins d'un moule.In a third step, a heating step is performed. This heating step consists in heating the assembly to a temperature between the glass transition temperature Tg and the crystallization temperature Tx of the preform. At this temperature, the amorphous metals have a viscosity which decreases sharply, the decrease of the viscosity being dependent on the temperature: the higher the temperature, the lower the viscosity. This viscosity allows the amorphous metal, when stressed, to fit into every corner of a mold.

Cette élévation de la température permet également de chauffer les bulles de gaz présentes dans la préforme en mousse. Or, un gaz chauffé entre en expansion de sorte qu'il occupera un volume plus important. Etant donné que le métal amorphe de la mousse se trouve dans un état dit visqueux, cette expansion du gaz provoque une expansion de la préforme en mousse, cette préforme se met à gonfler comme visible à la figure 3. Par conséquent, le volume pris par la préforme augmente. Cette augmentation du volume de la préforme associée aux caractéristiques de mise en forme des métaux amorphes entraîne le remplissage du moule comme visible à la figure 4.This rise in temperature also makes it possible to heat the gas bubbles present in the foam preform. However, a heated gas expands so that it will occupy a larger volume. Since the amorphous metal of the foam is in a so-called viscous state, this expansion of the gas causes an expansion of the foam preform, this preform starts to swell as visible in FIG. figure 3 . As a result, the volume taken up by the preform increases. This increase in the volume of the preform associated with the shaping characteristics of the amorphous metals results in the filling of the mold as visible in FIG. figure 4 .

Pour permettre l'expansion de la préforme en mousse de métal amorphe, il est nécessaire que la pression dans le négatif soit inférieure à la pression du gaz à l'intérieur de la préforme sinon il ne peut y avoir d'expansion. Dans le cas d'un moule étanche, il pourra être astucieusement prévu de mettre la cavité formée par les deux matrices sous vide. Dans le cas où les deux matrices forment un moule non étanche, il sera prévu que l'enceinte dans laquelle se trouve le moule soit mise sous vide ou à une pression suffisamment inférieure à la pression du gaz.To allow expansion of the amorphous metal foam preform, it is necessary that the pressure in the negative is lower than the pressure of the gas inside the preform, otherwise there can be no expansion. In the case of a sealed mold, it may be cleverly provided to put the cavity formed by the two matrices under vacuum. In the case where the two matrices form a non-sealed mold, it will be provided that the enclosure in which the mold is located is evacuated or at a pressure sufficiently lower than the pressure of the gas.

De même, pour éviter que la contrainte exercée par l'expansion de la préforme n'entraine une désolidarisation des deux matrices du moule, ces deux matrices peuvent être fixées entre elles via des moyens de fixation comme des vis ou simplement en exerçant sur elles une pression.Similarly, in order to prevent the stress exerted by the expansion of the preform from causing the two matrices of the mold to separate, these two matrices can be fastened to each other via fastening means such as screws or simply by exerting on them a pressure.

Une fois que l'expansion de la préforme est réalisée, une étape de refroidissement est opérée. Cette étape de refroidissement est faite pour figer la préforme en mousse de métal amorphe et former la pièce intermédiaire. Le dispositif est alors séparé des matrices pour obtenir le dispositif de la figure 1.Once the expansion of the preform is performed, a cooling step is performed. This cooling step is made to freeze the amorphous metal foam preform and form the intermediate piece. The device is then separated from the matrices to obtain the device of the figure 1 .

Dans le cas où une pièce est bi-matière, on comprendra que la pièce finale est composée d'une première partie 11 dans un matériau quelconque et d'une seconde partie 12 en mousse métallique amorphe. Le procédé consiste, dans une première étape, à se munir d'une préforme de mousse en métal amorphe. Par exemple, il peut s'agir d'une lunette bi-matière constituée d'une base 31 faisant office de première partie 11 sur une seconde partie 12 en un second matériau. Cette seconde partie 12 forme alors une coque extérieure 32 de la lunette comme visible à la figure 5.In the case where a piece is bi-material, it will be understood that the final piece is composed of a first portion 11 of any material and a second portion 12 amorphous metal foam. The method consists, in a first step, of providing an amorphous metal foam preform. For example, it may be a bi-material bezel consisting of a base 31 acting as a first part 11 on a second part 12 of a second material. This second part 12 then forms an outer shell 32 of the telescope as visible in FIG. figure 5 .

Dans un autre exemple, la pièce finale 10 pourra être un axe 41 dont les tigerons 42 sont réalisés dans un second matériau comme visible à la figure 6.In another example, the final piece 10 may be an axis 41 whose tigers 42 are made of a second material as visible in FIG. figure 6 .

Dans ces deux exemples, on comprendra que la première partie ou la seconde partie peuvent être en mousse métallique amorphe.In these two examples, it will be understood that the first part or the second part may be amorphous metal foam.

Ces deux exemples mettent en lumière l'avantage d'une pièce bi-matière qui est de pouvoir sélectionner le matériau suivant l'utilisation qui en est faite.These two examples highlight the advantage of a bi-material part which is to be able to select the material according to the use that is made of it.

Une seconde étape consiste à se munir de la première partie 11 de la pièce bi-matière et de la placer dans un moule ayant la forme et les dimensions de la pièce finale.A second step is to provide the first portion 11 of the bi-material part and place it in a mold having the shape and dimensions of the final part.

Dans cette seconde étape, la préforme est également placée dans le moule. La préforme présente une forme similaire à celle de la deuxième partie.In this second step, the preform is also placed in the mold. The preform has a shape similar to that of the second part.

Dans une troisième étape, une étape de chauffage est réalisée. Cette étape de chauffage consiste à chauffer l'ensemble à une température comprise entre la température de transition vitreuse Tg et la température de cristallisation Tx de la préforme. A cette température, les métaux amorphes ont une viscosité qui diminue fortement, la diminution de la viscosité étant dépendante de la température : plus la température est élevée, plus la viscosité diminue. Cette viscosité permet au métal amorphe de s'insérer dans tous les recoins d'un moule. Cette élévation de la température permet également de chauffer les bulles de gaz présentent dans la préforme en mousse.In a third step, a heating step is performed. This heating step consists in heating the assembly to a temperature between the glass transition temperature Tg and the crystallization temperature Tx of the preform. At this temperature, the amorphous metals have a viscosity which decreases sharply, the decrease of the viscosity being dependent on the temperature: the higher the temperature, the lower the viscosity. This viscosity allows the amorphous metal to fit into every corner of a mold. This rise in temperature also makes it possible to heat the gas bubbles present in the foam preform.

Or, un gaz chauffé entre en expansion de sorte qu'il occupera un volume plus important. Etant donné que le métal amorphe de la mousse se trouve dans un état dit visqueux, cette expansion du gaz provoque une expansion de la préforme en mousse, cette préforme se met à gonfler. Par conséquent, le volume pris par la préforme augmente. Cette augmentation du volume de la préforme associée aux caractéristiques de mise en forme des métaux amorphes entraîne le remplissage du moule c'est à dire le remplissage de l'espace dédié à la seconde partie de la pièce finale.However, a heated gas expands so that it will occupy a larger volume. Since the amorphous metal of the foam is in a so-called viscous state, this expansion of the gas causes an expansion of the foam preform, this preform starts to swell. As a result, the volume taken up by the preform increases. This increase in the volume of the preform associated with the shaping characteristics of the amorphous metals leads to the filling of the mold, that is to say the filling of the space dedicated to the second part of the final part.

Une fois que l'expansion de la préforme est réalisée, une étape de refroidissement est opérée. Cette étape de refroidissement est faite pour figer la préforme en mousse de métal amorphe et former la pièce intermédiaire.Once the expansion of the preform is performed, a cooling step is performed. This cooling step is made to freeze the amorphous metal foam preform and form the intermediate piece.

Dans une variante de ce premier mode de réalisation visible à la figure 7, il est envisageable que la première pièce 11 de la pièce finale soit munie d'une cavité 13. Cette cavité 13 est utilisée pour améliorer la liaison entre la première pièce 31 et la seconde pièce 32 dans les cas où la seconde pièce 32 est un revêtement ou est utilisée pour former une pièce bi-matière. La réalisation d'une cavité 13 permet, lors de la fabrication, à la mousse métallique amorphe de s'y étendre pour renforcer la liaison entre la première pièce et la seconde pièce.In a variant of this first embodiment visible in FIG. figure 7 , it is conceivable that the first piece 11 of the final piece is provided with a cavity 13. This cavity 13 is used to improve the connection between the first piece 31 and the second piece 32 in the case where the second piece 32 is a coating or is used to form a bi-material part. The production of a cavity 13 makes it possible, during manufacture, for the amorphous metal foam to extend to reinforce the connection between the first piece and the second piece.

Cette cavité peut être munie ou être remplacée selon les cas par des structurations 14 qui augmentent la rugosité et donc l'accroche comme visible à la figure 8.This cavity may be provided or replaced, depending on the case, by structures 14 which increase the roughness and thus the grip as visible in FIG. figure 8 .

Dans une alternative de la première variante du premier mode de réalisation, la cavité est agencée pour avoir une forme telle que sa surface n'est pas constante. Cela signifie que la cavité ne présente pas un profil constant en fonction de la profondeur. Idéalement, il sera prévu que le profil de la cavité s'élargisse en fonction de la profondeur de sorte à créer une retenue naturelle.In an alternative of the first variant of the first embodiment, the cavity is arranged to have a shape such that its surface is not constant. This means that the cavity does not have a constant profile as a function of depth. Ideally, the profile of the cavity will be widened as a function of depth so as to create a natural reservoir.

Dans une variante du procédé des différents modes de réalisation, la préforme ne devient une mousse que lors de la troisième étape. En effet, lorsque la mousse utilise des agents chimiques précurseurs qui libèrent du gaz sous l'effet d'une température, il a été précédemment décrit que l'on pouvait refroidir l'alliage contenant ces agents chimiques précurseurs avant qu'ils ne libèrent le gaz permettant d'obtenir une préforme ne se présentant pas sous la forme d'une mousse.In a variant of the method of the various embodiments, the preform becomes a foam only in the third step. Indeed, when the foam uses precursor chemical agents which release gas under the effect of a temperature, it has previously been described that the alloy containing these precursor chemicals can be cooled before they release the gas to obtain a preform is not in the form of a foam.

Cette possibilité permet d'avoir un procédé dans lequel l'étape de transformation de la préforme en mousse et l'étape d'expansion de ladite mousse ont lieu en même temps. Cela est rendu possible car la libération du gaz par les agents chimiques précurseurs et l'expansion de la mousse se produisent lorsque le matériau est chauffé.This possibility makes it possible to have a method in which the step of transforming the foam preform and the step of expanding said foam take place at the same time. This is made possible because the release of the gas by the precursor chemicals and the expansion of the foam occur when the material is heated.

Par conséquent, le procédé consiste à se munir de la préforme ne se présentant pas sous la forme d'une mousse et de la placer dans le moule. Le tout est alors chauffé à une température permettant aux agents chimiques précurseurs de libérer du gaz, cette température permettant également aux gaz de se dilater et d'entrainer une expansion du matériauTherefore, the method is to provide the preform is not in the form of a foam and place it in the mold. The whole is then heated to a temperature allowing the precursor chemical agents to release gas, this temperature also allowing the gases to expand and cause an expansion of the material.

Dans les différents modes de réalisation, le contrôle de l'expansion de la préforme en mousse métallique amorphe peut se faire de plusieurs façons.In the various embodiments, the control of the expansion of the amorphous metal foam preform can be done in several ways.

Une première solution consiste à modifier la densité des bulles de gaz lors de la fabrication de la mousse. Une méthode de fabrication de mousse en métal amorphe consiste à injecter des bulles de gaz dans le métal en fusion et à le refroidir pour emprisonner ces bulles. L'injection de bulles de gaz peut être contrôlée pour qu'elles soient réparties de façon plus ou moins homogène et plus ou moins dense. On comprendra alors que plus la densité des bulles de gaz est grande et plus le volume de gaz enfermé dans la mousse est important. Or, plus le volume de gaz enfermé est important et plus l'expansion sera grande du fait de la dilatation du gaz durant l'étape de chauffage.A first solution consists in modifying the density of the gas bubbles during the manufacture of the foam. One method of making amorphous metal foam is to inject gas bubbles into the molten metal and cool it to trap these bubbles. The injection of gas bubbles can be controlled so that they are distributed more or less homogeneously and more or less dense. It will be understood that the higher the density of the gas bubbles, the greater the volume of gas enclosed in the foam. However, the larger the enclosed volume of gas and the greater the expansion will be due to the expansion of the gas during the heating step.

Une seconde solution consiste à contrôler l'expansion de la mousse métallique amorphe en modifiant la température de l'étape de chauffage. Effectivement, lorsqu'un gaz est soumis à un réchauffement, la quantité de mouvement des particules qui le composent augmente. À volume constant, cela se traduit par une augmentation de la pression, car le nombre de chocs entre particules par unité de surface augmente. Si la pression doit rester constante, le volume du gaz doit alors augmenter, selon la loi des gaz parfaits. Par conséquent, en augmentant ou en diminuant la température de chauffage durant l'étape de chauffage, on fait varier le volume du gaz enfermé dans la mousse métallique amorphe et on modifie donc son expansion.A second solution is to control the expansion of the amorphous metal foam by changing the temperature of the heating step. Indeed, when a gas is subjected to a warming, the amount of movement of the particles that compose it increases. At constant volume, this results in an increase in pressure because the number of shocks between particles per unit area increases. If the pressure must remain constant, the volume of the gas must then increase, according to the ideal gas law. Therefore, by increasing or decreasing the heating temperature during the heating step, the volume of the gas enclosed in the amorphous metal foam is varied and its expansion is therefore modified.

Dans une troisième solution, le contrôle de l'expansion de la mousse métallique amorphe se fait par contrôle de l'atmosphère dans l'enceinte de chauffage du second mode de réalisation ou dans la cavité du moule dans le premier mode de réalisation. Cette solution part du principe que l'expansion est possible à partir du moment où la pression du gaz enfermé dans la mousse métallique amorphe est supérieure à celle de l'atmosphère extérieure à la mousse. L'idéal est que l'atmosphère extérieure soit proche du vide de sorte à favoriser au maximum l'expansion de la mousse. De ce fait, en ajustant la pression extérieure, l'amplitude de l'expansion de ladite mousse est ajustée sachant que plus la pression de l'atmosphère extérieure est importante et moins l'expansion sera importante.In a third solution, the control of the expansion of the amorphous metal foam is done by controlling the atmosphere in the heating chamber of the second embodiment or in the mold cavity in the first embodiment. This solution assumes that expansion is possible from the moment when the pressure of the gas enclosed in the amorphous metal foam is greater than that of the atmosphere outside the foam. Ideally, the outside atmosphere should be close to the vacuum so that foam expansion is maximized. Therefore, by adjusting the external pressure, the amplitude of the expansion of said foam is adjusted knowing that the higher the pressure of the outside atmosphere is important and the less the expansion will be important.

On comprendra que diverses modifications et/ou améliorations et/ou combinaisons évidentes pour l'homme du métier peuvent être apportées aux différents modes de réalisation de l'invention exposée ci-dessus sans sortir du cadre de l'invention définie par les revendications annexées.It will be understood that various modifications and / or improvements and / or combinations obvious to those skilled in the art can be made to the various embodiments of the invention set out above without departing from the scope of the invention defined by the appended claims.

Bien entendu, il est envisageable que les cavités puissent être remplacées ou complétées avec des protubérances 15 comme visibles à la figure 9. Ces protubérances sont les négatifs des cavités et ont la même fonction. On entend par là que la mousse métallique amorphe est mise en forme de sorte à pouvoir envelopper cette ou ces protubérances et améliorer la solidarisation entre la première partie et la seconde partie.Of course, it is conceivable that the cavities can be replaced or completed with protuberances 15 as visible in FIG. figure 9 . These protuberances are the negatives of the cavities and have the same function. By this is meant that the amorphous metal foam is shaped so as to be able to wrap this or these protuberances and improve the joining between the first part and the second part.

Claims (16)

Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce (10) composée d'une première partie (11) réalisée en un premier matériau et d'une seconde partie (12) réalisée en un second matériau, caractérisé en ce que ledit procédé comprend en outre les étapes suivantes : - se munir d'une préforme réalisée avec le second matériau, ledit second matériau étant un matériau métallique au moins partiellement amorphe apte à augmenter son volume sous des conditions de température et de pression; - se munir de ladite première partie et placer ladite première partie et la préforme entre deux matrices ayant la forme négative de la pièce à fabriquer; - chauffer l'ensemble à une température comprise entre la température de transition vitreuse Tg et la température de cristallisation Tx de la préforme afin de permettre, au plus tard lors de cette étape, à la préforme de former une mousse et de permettre une expansion de ladite préforme afin de remplir la forme négative du dispositif et former ladite pièce; - refroidir l'ensemble pour solidifier la préforme et séparer le dispositif des matrices. A method of manufacturing a workpiece (10) composed of a first part (11) made of a first material and a second part (12) made of a second material, characterized in that said method further comprises the steps following: - To provide a preform made with the second material, said second material being an at least partially amorphous metal material capable of increasing its volume under temperature and pressure conditions; - To provide said first part and place said first part and the preform between two dies having the negative shape of the part to be manufactured; heating the assembly to a temperature between the glass transition temperature Tg and the crystallization temperature Tx of the preform so as to allow, at the latest during this step, the preform to form a foam and to allow an expansion of said preform for filling the negative form of the device and forming said part; - Cool the assembly to solidify the preform and separate the device matrices. Procédé de fabrication selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'expansion de la préforme est utilisée pour former une pièce revêtue.Manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the expansion of the preform is used to form a coated part. Procédé de fabrication selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'expansion de la préforme est utilisée pour former une pièce bi-matière.Manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the expansion of the preform is used to form a bi-material part. Procédé de fabrication selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la première partie est munie d'au moins une cavité (13) dans laquelle la mousse métallique amorphe formant la seconde pièce s'étend.Manufacturing method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first part is provided with at least one cavity (13) wherein the amorphous metal foam forming the second piece extends. Procédé de fabrication selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la première partie est munie d'au moins une protubérance (15) autour de laquelle la mousse métallique amorphe formant la seconde pièce s'étend.Manufacturing method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first part is provided with at least one protrusion (15) around which the amorphous metal foam forming the second part extends. Procédé de fabrication selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la première partie est munie de structurations (14) permettant une meilleure accroche de la seconde partie.Manufacturing method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first part is provided with structures (14) for better attachment of the second part. Procédé de fabrication selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une étape préliminaire de fabrication d'une préforme en mousse d'alliage métallique au moins partiellement amorphe.Manufacturing method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a preliminary step of manufacturing an at least partially amorphous metal alloy foam preform. Procédé de fabrication selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'expansion de la mousse est contrôlée par la température, plus la température est élevée et plus l'expansion est importante.Manufacturing method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the expansion of the foam is controlled by the temperature, the higher the temperature and the greater the expansion is important. Procédé de fabrication selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'expansion de la mousse dépend de la densité de gaz dans la mousse, plus le volume de gaz emprisonné est grand et plus l'expansion sera grande.Manufacturing method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the expansion of the foam depends on the density of gas in the foam, plus the volume of gas trapped is large and the expansion will be large. Procédé de fabrication selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'expansion est réalisé en ayant la pression dans la mousse supérieure à celle de la pression ambiante.Manufacturing method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the expansion is carried out having the pressure in the foam greater than that of the ambient pressure. Dispositif (10) comprenant une première partie (11) réalisée dans un premier matériau et une seconde partie (12) réalisée dans un second matériau, caractérisé en ce que la seconde pièce s'étend depuis l'une des faces de la première partie et est réalisée en une mousse d'alliage métallique au moins partiellement amorphe.Device (10) comprising a first part (11) made of a first material and a second part (12) made of a second material, characterized in that the second part extends from one of the faces of the first part and is made of an at least partially amorphous metal alloy foam. Dispositif selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que la seconde pièce est un revêtement.Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the second part is a coating. Dispositif selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que la seconde pièce permet de former une pièce bi-matière.Device according to Claim 11, characterized in that the second part makes it possible to form a bi-material part. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 11 à 13, caractérisé en ce que la première pièce est munie d'au moins une cavité dans laquelle la mousse métallique amorphe formant la seconde pièce s'étend.Device according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the first part is provided with at least one cavity in which the amorphous metal foam forming the second part extends. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 11 à 14, caractérisé en ce que la première pièce est munie d'au moins une protubérance autour de laquelle la mousse métallique amorphe formant la seconde pièce s'étend.Device according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the first piece is provided with at least one protrusion around which the amorphous metal foam forming the second piece extends. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 11 à 15, caractérisé en ce que la première pièce est munie de structurations dans laquelle la mousse métallique amorphe formant la seconde pièce s'étend.Device according to one of claims 11 to 15, characterized in that the first part is provided with structures in which the amorphous metal foam forming the second part extends.
EP15178288.5A 2015-07-24 2015-07-24 Method for coating a part Active EP3120954B1 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15178288.5A EP3120954B1 (en) 2015-07-24 2015-07-24 Method for coating a part
CH01083/15A CH711381B1 (en) 2015-07-24 2015-07-24 Device comprising a part made of amorphous metal alloy foam and manufacturing method.
JP2018502408A JP6523551B2 (en) 2015-07-24 2016-07-20 How to coat parts
CN201680043305.8A CN107921538B (en) 2015-07-24 2016-07-20 Method for coating a component
PCT/EP2016/067292 WO2017016951A1 (en) 2015-07-24 2016-07-20 Method for coating a workpiece
US15/741,310 US11167349B2 (en) 2015-07-24 2016-07-20 Part coating method
HK18111786.5A HK1252478A1 (en) 2015-07-24 2018-09-13 Method for coating a workpiece

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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EP15178288.5A EP3120954B1 (en) 2015-07-24 2015-07-24 Method for coating a part

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EP3120954A1 true EP3120954A1 (en) 2017-01-25
EP3120954B1 EP3120954B1 (en) 2022-04-06

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EP (1) EP3120954B1 (en)
JP (1) JP6523551B2 (en)
CN (1) CN107921538B (en)
CH (1) CH711381B1 (en)
HK (1) HK1252478A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2017016951A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HK1252478A1 (en) 2019-05-24
CN107921538B (en) 2020-06-23
CH711381B1 (en) 2023-02-15
CH711381A2 (en) 2017-01-31
US11167349B2 (en) 2021-11-09
JP6523551B2 (en) 2019-06-05
CN107921538A (en) 2018-04-17
US20180193919A1 (en) 2018-07-12
EP3120954B1 (en) 2022-04-06
JP2018522738A (en) 2018-08-16
WO2017016951A1 (en) 2017-02-02

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