EP3691951B1 - Flow device and method for controlling and/or adjusting a pressure in a pneumatic sand-conveying device for a rail vehicle, and sand-conveying device having a flow device - Google Patents

Flow device and method for controlling and/or adjusting a pressure in a pneumatic sand-conveying device for a rail vehicle, and sand-conveying device having a flow device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3691951B1
EP3691951B1 EP18785534.1A EP18785534A EP3691951B1 EP 3691951 B1 EP3691951 B1 EP 3691951B1 EP 18785534 A EP18785534 A EP 18785534A EP 3691951 B1 EP3691951 B1 EP 3691951B1
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Prior art keywords
pressure
sand
pressure chamber
flow
air
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3691951A1 (en
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Martin Schmid
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Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH
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Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
    • B61C15/00—Maintaining or augmenting the starting or braking power by auxiliary devices and measures; Preventing wheel slippage; Controlling distribution of tractive effort between driving wheels
    • B61C15/08—Preventing wheel slippage
    • B61C15/10—Preventing wheel slippage by depositing sand or like friction increasing materials

Definitions

  • the present approach relates to a flow device for controlling and/or adjusting a pressure in a pneumatic sand conveying device for a rail vehicle, a method for controlling a pressure in a pneumatic sand conveying device for a rail vehicle and a sand conveying device with a flow device.
  • a conveyed amount of sand is varied via a conveying air mass flow and a sanding pipe of the sand conveying device is emptied by means of an after-blow device arranged in the area of a transport line with channels pointing in the direction of flow of the sand.
  • the WO 2015/044244 A1 describes such a sanding device for a rail vehicle and a method for providing sand for a rail vehicle.
  • the DE 20 2013 000 635 U1 discloses a compressed-air-operated sand-spreading device that sucks in sand from a reservoir by means of a compressed-air injector and conveys it in the direction of travel in front of the wheels of a rail vehicle, the air pressure in front of the injector nozzle being made available briefly higher than it is at the beginning of a sand-spreading process by means of a pressure regulator, throttle point, pressure regulator, compressed air tank is required for the desired sand mass flow.
  • the object of the present approach is an improved flow device for controlling and/or adjusting a pressure in a pneumatic sand conveying device for a rail vehicle, an improved method for controlling and/or adjusting a pressure in a pneumatic sand conveying device for a rail vehicle and a sand conveying device to provide an improved flow device.
  • a conveyed sand mass flow in a sand conveying device can advantageously be set and/or controlled or regulated by varying a pressure by means of a flow device presented here. At least part of a sanding pipe or even the complete sanding pipe of the sand conveying device can also be emptied quickly and easily by the flow device.
  • a flow device for controlling and/or adjusting a pressure in a pneumatic sand conveying device for a rail vehicle has at least one pressure chamber and a controllable pressure device.
  • the pressure chamber comprises a feed nozzle interface to a feed nozzle device for generating a pressure in the pressure chamber.
  • the controllable pressure device is coupled to the pressure chamber and designed to generate a pressure in order to control the pressure in the pressure chamber.
  • a pressure can be understood to mean a negative pressure that is generated or provided, for example, in a negative pressure chamber as the pressure chamber.
  • the pressure for example in the Pressure chamber
  • the pressure corresponds to an ambient pressure around the pneumatic sand transport device.
  • the pressure generated in the pressure chamber serves to suck sand from a sand container of the sand conveying device, whereupon the sand is conveyed downwards in the direction of a transport line of the sand conveying device, where the sand leaves the sand conveying device.
  • a pressure which has arisen in the pressure chamber can be reduced by the generation of the pressure by the flow device in the pressure chamber, as a result of which the conveyed sand mass flow can in turn be regulated.
  • the controllable pressure device has at least one blowing-in device for blowing air into the pressure chamber in order to control the pressure.
  • the injection device can, for example, be arranged at least partially outside the pressure chamber.
  • the pressure chamber can have at least one air inlet opening, which can be arranged, for example, in the area of the conveyor nozzle interface.
  • the pressure chamber can have at least one additional air inlet opening for admitting the air provided by the injection device have air.
  • the further air inlet opening can also be arranged in the area of the conveyor nozzle interface.
  • the pressure chamber has a plurality of air inlet openings for letting in the air provided by the injection device, the air inlet openings can be arranged concentrically around the conveyor nozzle interface and/or a nozzle axis of the conveyor nozzle. This enables the air to be introduced into the pressure chamber in a uniform and/or targeted manner.
  • the controllable pressure device can also have at least one bypass line, which is designed to fluidly connect the injection device to the at least one air inlet opening.
  • the bypass line can be a connecting piece such as a bypass hose, which is arranged between the injection device and the air inlet opening.
  • the bypass line can also be an extension of the air inlet opening, which can be, for example, an embedded channel in a material of a pressure chamber wall of the pressure chamber. If the pressure chamber has a plurality of air inlet openings, such a bypass line can be arranged between each of the air inlet openings and the injection device. Depending on the orientation of such a bypass line or a number of such bypass lines, the air can be routed into certain desired areas of the pressure chamber.
  • controllable pressure device can advantageously be designed to generate the pressure in response to a sensor signal.
  • the controllable pressure device can be designed to generate the pressure in response to the sensor signal of an air mass flow sensor and/or a pressure sensor.
  • This air mass flow sensor and/or the pressure sensor can be arranged in the area of the sand container of the sand conveying device.
  • the sensor signal from the air mass flow sensor can represent a volume flow measured in the area of the sand container.
  • the sensor signal from the pressure sensor can represent a pressure loss detected in the area of the sand container.
  • a sand conveying device has a flow device, which is implemented in an embodiment presented here.
  • the sand hauler may be a pneumatic sand hauler designed to be incorporated into a rail vehicle.
  • a sand conveying device presented here can serve as a replacement for known sand conveying devices, the sand conveying device presented here realizing the already described advantages of the flow device thanks to the flow device.
  • a method for controlling and/or adjusting a pressure in a pneumatic sand conveying device for a rail vehicle has at least the following steps: providing a pressure chamber with a feed nozzle interface to a feed nozzle device for generating a pressure in the pressure chamber and a controllable pressure device coupled to the pressure chamber; and
  • controllable pressure means to control or adjust the pressure in the pressure chamber.
  • This method may be executable using the flow device presented above. Also by such a method already described advantages of the flow device can be realized technically simply and inexpensively.
  • an embodiment includes an "and/or" link between a first feature and a second feature, this should be read in such a way that the embodiment according to one embodiment includes both the first feature and the second feature and according to a further embodiment either only that having the first feature or only the second feature.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional representation of a pneumatic sand conveying device 100 with a flow device 105 for controlling and/or adjusting a pressure in the sand conveying device 100 for a rail vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the flow device 105 is designed to control and/or adjust the pressure in the pneumatic sand conveying device 100 .
  • the flow device 105 has at least one pressure chamber 110 and a controllable pressure device 115.
  • the pressure chamber 110 includes a delivery nozzle interface 120 to a delivery nozzle 125, which in the following description can also be referred to synonymously as a delivery nozzle device, for generating the pressure in the pressure chamber 110.
  • the controllable pressure device 115 is coupled to the pressure chamber 110 and is designed to To generate pressure to control the pressure in the pressure chamber 110.
  • the sand conveying device 100 has a compressed air connection 130, a pressure adjustment screw 135, the conveying nozzle 125, suction channels 140, a sand container 145, an adapter 150, a Laval nozzle 155, a transport line 160 and air supply channels 165.
  • Compressed air is blown into the pneumatic sand conveying device 100 via the compressed air connection 130 .
  • a pressure can be adjusted via the pressure adjustment screw 135 .
  • the compressed air then flows via the conveying nozzle 125, which can also be referred to as the propulsion nozzle, into the pressure chamber 110, whereby sand 170 is discharged from the sand container 145 or the adapter via the intake channels 140 due to the Venturi effect or the pressure developing in the pressure chamber 110 150 is sucked.
  • the sand 170 is transported downwards via the transport line 160 via the optional Laval nozzle 155, which increases a flow rate.
  • a pressure equalization can take place via the air inlet ducts 165 , that is to say the air drawn in through the intake air ducts 140 flows via the air inlet ducts 165 .
  • the direction of flow of the air is in the 1 indicated with arrows.
  • the flow device 105 presented here advantageously enables pneumatic control of a sand conveyor in the form of the sand conveyor device 100 by means of at least one bypass.
  • the flow device 105 presented here advantageously allows a change in the amount of sand 170 conveyed by generating the pressure.
  • no special blow-out devices are advantageously required in order to completely empty a sanding pipe of the sand conveying device 100 .
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic side view of a flow device 105 according to an embodiment. It can be an embodiment of the basis of 1 act described flow device 105.
  • controllable pressure device 115 has at least one injection device 200 for injecting air 205 into the pressure chamber 110 in order to control and/or adjust the pressure.
  • the pressure chamber 110 has at least one air inlet opening 210 for letting in the air 205 provided by the injection device 200 .
  • the pressure chamber 110 has a plurality of air inlet openings 210 for letting in the air 205 provided by the injection device 200 . In 2 two of the air inlet openings 210 can be seen, which are arranged concentrically around the conveyor nozzle interface 120 and/or a nozzle axis of the conveyor nozzle 125.
  • controllable pressure device 115 has at least one bypass line, which is designed to fluidly connect the injection device 200 to the at least one air inlet opening 210 and/or the plurality of air inlet openings 210.
  • the controllable pressure device 115 is designed to generate the pressure in response to a sensor signal.
  • the controllable pressure device 115 according to this exemplary embodiment is designed to generate the pressure in response to the sensor signal of an air mass flow sensor and/or a pressure sensor.
  • bypass air 205 By introducing bypass air 205 through air inlets in the form of air inlet openings 210 arranged concentrically around the nozzle axis, the pressure in the pressure chamber 110 is increased and the air mass flow sucked in from the environment through the sand container varies accordingly.
  • versions of the controllable pressure generation device 115 are also conceivable.
  • FIG. 3 shows a flowchart of a method 300 for controlling and/or adjusting a pressure in a pneumatic sand conveying device for a rail vehicle according to an embodiment. This can be a method 300 that can be executed and/or controlled by one of the flow devices described with reference to one of the preceding figures.
  • the method 300 has at least one step 305 of providing and one step 310 of generating.
  • step 305 of providing a pressure chamber with a delivery nozzle interface to a delivery nozzle device for generating a pressure in the pressure chamber and a controllable pressure device coupled to the pressure chamber are provided.
  • step 310 of generating a pressure is generated by the controllable pressure device in order to control the pressure in the pressure chamber.

Description

Der vorliegende Ansatz bezieht sich auf eine Strömungseinrichtung zum Steuern und/oder Einstellen eines Drucks in einer pneumatischen Sandfördervorrichtung für ein Schienenfahrzeug, ein Verfahren zum Steuern eines Drucks in einer pneumatischen Sandfördervorrichtung für ein Schienenfahrzeug und eine Sandfördervorrichtung mit einer Strömungseinrichtung.The present approach relates to a flow device for controlling and/or adjusting a pressure in a pneumatic sand conveying device for a rail vehicle, a method for controlling a pressure in a pneumatic sand conveying device for a rail vehicle and a sand conveying device with a flow device.

In pneumatischen Sandfördervorrichtungen wird eine geförderte Sandmenge über einen Förderluftmassenstrom variiert und eine Entleerung eines Sandungsrohrs der Sandfördervorrichtung erfolgt mittels einer im Bereich einer Transportleitung angeordneten Nachblaseinrichtung mit in Strömungsrichtung des Sands zeigenden Kanälen. Die WO 2015/044244 A1 beschreibt eine solche Sandungsvorrichtung für ein Schienenfahrzeug und ein Verfahren zum Bereitstellen von Sand für ein Schienenfahrzeug. Die DE 20 2013 000 635 U1 offenbart eine druckluftbetriebene Sandstreueinrichtung, die mittels Druckluftinjektor Sand aus einem Vorratsbehälter ansaugt und in Fahrtrichtung vor die Räder eines Schienenfahrzeuges befördert, wobei der Luftdruck vor der Injektordüse mittels Druckregler, Drosselstelle, Druckregler, Druckluftbehälter zu Beginn eines Sandstreuvorganges kurzzeitig höher zur Verfügung gestellt wird, als er für den gewünschten Sandmassenstrom erforderlich ist.In pneumatic sand conveying devices, a conveyed amount of sand is varied via a conveying air mass flow and a sanding pipe of the sand conveying device is emptied by means of an after-blow device arranged in the area of a transport line with channels pointing in the direction of flow of the sand. the WO 2015/044244 A1 describes such a sanding device for a rail vehicle and a method for providing sand for a rail vehicle. the DE 20 2013 000 635 U1 discloses a compressed-air-operated sand-spreading device that sucks in sand from a reservoir by means of a compressed-air injector and conveys it in the direction of travel in front of the wheels of a rail vehicle, the air pressure in front of the injector nozzle being made available briefly higher than it is at the beginning of a sand-spreading process by means of a pressure regulator, throttle point, pressure regulator, compressed air tank is required for the desired sand mass flow.

Vor diesem Hintergrund ist es die Aufgabe des vorliegenden Ansatzes eine verbesserte Strömungseinrichtung zum Steuern und/oder Einstellen eines Drucks in einer pneumatischen Sandfördervorrichtung für ein Schienenfahrzeug, ein verbessertes Verfahren zum Steuern und/oder Einstellen eines Drucks in einer pneumatischen Sandfördervorrichtung für ein Schienenfahrzeug sowie eine Sandfördervorrichtung mit einer verbesserten Strömungseinrichtung zu schaffen.Against this background, the object of the present approach is an improved flow device for controlling and/or adjusting a pressure in a pneumatic sand conveying device for a rail vehicle, an improved method for controlling and/or adjusting a pressure in a pneumatic sand conveying device for a rail vehicle and a sand conveying device to provide an improved flow device.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Strömungseinrichtung zum Steuern und/oder Einstellen eines Drucks in einer pneumatischen Sandfördervorrichtung für ein Schienenfahrzeug und ein Verfahren zum Steuern und/oder Einstellen eines Drucks in einer pneumatischen Sandfördervorrichtung für ein Schienenfahrzeug gemäß den Hauptansprüchen 1 bzw. 10 gelöst. Gegenstand des vorliegenden Ansatzes ist auch ein Computerprogramm gemäß Anspruch 11. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen des Ansatzes ergeben sich aus den nachfolgenden Unteransprüchen.This object is achieved by a flow device for controlling and/or adjusting a pressure in a pneumatic sand transport device for a rail vehicle and a method for controlling and/or adjusting a pressure in a pneumatic sand transport device for a rail vehicle according to main claims 1 and 10, respectively. The present approach also relates to a computer program according to claim 11. Advantageous refinements and developments of the approach result from the subclaims below.

Durch eine hier vorgestellte Strömungseinrichtung lässt sich vorteilhafterweise ein geförderter Sandmassenstrom in einer Sandfördervorrichtung einstellen und/oder durch ein Variieren eines Drucks steuern oder regeln. Auch kann zumindest ein Teil eines Sandungsrohrs oder auch das komplette Sandungsrohr der Sandfördervorrichtung durch die Strömungseinrichtung schnell und einfach entleert werden.A conveyed sand mass flow in a sand conveying device can advantageously be set and/or controlled or regulated by varying a pressure by means of a flow device presented here. At least part of a sanding pipe or even the complete sanding pipe of the sand conveying device can also be emptied quickly and easily by the flow device.

Eine Strömungseinrichtung zum Steuern und/oder Einstellen eines Drucks in einer pneumatischen Sandfördervorrichtung für ein Schienenfahrzeug weist zumindest eine Druckkammer und eine steuerbare Druckeinrichtung auf. Die Druckkammer umfasst eine Förderdüsenschnittstelle zu einer Förderdüseneinrichtung zum Erzeugen eines Drucks in der Druckkammer. Die steuerbare Druckeinrichtung ist mit der Druckkammer gekoppelt und dazu ausgebildet, um einen Druck zu erzeugen, um den Druck in der Druckkammer zu steuern.A flow device for controlling and/or adjusting a pressure in a pneumatic sand conveying device for a rail vehicle has at least one pressure chamber and a controllable pressure device. The pressure chamber comprises a feed nozzle interface to a feed nozzle device for generating a pressure in the pressure chamber. The controllable pressure device is coupled to the pressure chamber and designed to generate a pressure in order to control the pressure in the pressure chamber.

Unter einem Druck kann vorliegend ein Unterdruck verstanden werden, der beispielsweise ein einer Unterdruckkammer als der Druckkammer erzeugt oder bereitgestellt wird. Alternativ oder zusätzlich ist jedoch auch eine Ausführungsform des hier vorgestellten Ansatzes möglich, bei der der Druck (beispielsweise in der Druckkammer) einem Umgebungsdruck um die penumatische Sandvördervorrichtung entspricht.In the present case, a pressure can be understood to mean a negative pressure that is generated or provided, for example, in a negative pressure chamber as the pressure chamber. Alternatively or additionally, however, an embodiment of the approach presented here is also possible in which the pressure (for example in the Pressure chamber) corresponds to an ambient pressure around the pneumatic sand transport device.

Der in der Druckkammer erzeugte Druck dient einem Ansaugen von Sand aus einem Sandbehälter der Sandfördervorrichtung, woraufhin der Sand in Richtung einer Transportleitung der Sandfördervorrichtung nach unten gefördert wird, wo der Sand die Sandfördervorrichtung verlässt. Hierbei kann ein entstandener Druck in der Druckkammer durch das Erzeugen des Drucks durch die Strömungseinrichtung in der Druckkammer vermindert werden, wodurch wiederum der geförderte Sandmassenstrom reguliert werden kann.The pressure generated in the pressure chamber serves to suck sand from a sand container of the sand conveying device, whereupon the sand is conveyed downwards in the direction of a transport line of the sand conveying device, where the sand leaves the sand conveying device. In this case, a pressure which has arisen in the pressure chamber can be reduced by the generation of the pressure by the flow device in the pressure chamber, as a result of which the conveyed sand mass flow can in turn be regulated.

Die steuerbare Druckeinrichtung weist zum Erzeugen des Drucks zumindest eine Einblaseinrichtung zum Einblasen von Luft in die Druckkammer auf, um den Druck zu steuern. Die Einblaseinrichtung kann beispielsweise zumindest teilweise außerhalb der Druckkammer angeordnet sein. Zum Einlassen der durch die Einblaseinrichtung bereitgestellten Luft kann die Druckkammer zumindest eine Lufteinlassöffnung aufweisen, die beispielsweise im Bereich der Förderdüsenschnittstelle angeordnet sein kann.To generate the pressure, the controllable pressure device has at least one blowing-in device for blowing air into the pressure chamber in order to control the pressure. The injection device can, for example, be arranged at least partially outside the pressure chamber. To let in the air provided by the injection device, the pressure chamber can have at least one air inlet opening, which can be arranged, for example, in the area of the conveyor nozzle interface.

Um mehr Luft in die Druckkammer leiten zu können und damit einen größeren Druck in der Druckkammer erzeugen zu können, wodurch der durch die Förderdüseneinrichtung erzeugte Druck in der Druckkammer weiter vermindert werden kann, kann die Druckkammer zumindest eine weitere Lufteinlassöffnung zum Einlassen der durch die Einblaseinrichtung bereitgestellten Luft aufweisen. Auch die weitere Lufteinlassöffnung kann im Bereich der Förderdüsenschnittstelle angeordnet sein.In order to be able to direct more air into the pressure chamber and thus be able to generate a greater pressure in the pressure chamber, whereby the pressure generated by the conveying nozzle device in the pressure chamber can be further reduced, the pressure chamber can have at least one additional air inlet opening for admitting the air provided by the injection device have air. The further air inlet opening can also be arranged in the area of the conveyor nozzle interface.

Wenn die Druckkammer eine Mehrzahl der Lufteinlassöffnungen zum Einlassen der durch die Einblaseinrichtung bereitgestellten Luft aufweist, können die Lufteinlassöffnungen konzentrisch um die Förderdüsenschnittstelle und/oder eine Düsenachse der Förderdüse angeordnet sein. Dies ermöglicht ein gleichmäßiges und/oder gezieltes Einleiten der Luft in die Druckkammer.If the pressure chamber has a plurality of air inlet openings for letting in the air provided by the injection device, the air inlet openings can be arranged concentrically around the conveyor nozzle interface and/or a nozzle axis of the conveyor nozzle. This enables the air to be introduced into the pressure chamber in a uniform and/or targeted manner.

Die steuerbare Druckeinrichtung kann zudem zumindest eine Bypassleitung aufweisen, die dazu ausgebildet ist, um die Einblaseinrichtung fluidisch mit der zumindest einen Lufteinlassöffnung zu verbinden. Bei der Bypassleitung kann es sich um ein Verbindungsstück wie einen Bypassschlauch handeln, der zwischen der Einblaseinrichtung und der Lufteinlassöffnung angeordnet ist. Bei der Bypassleitung kann es sich aber auch um eine Verlängerung der Lufteinlassöffnung handeln, die beispielsweise ein eingelassener Kanal in einem Material einer Druckkammerwand der Druckkammer sein kann. Wenn die Druckkammer eine Mehrzahl von Lufteinlassöffnungen aufweist, kann zwischen jeder der Lufteinlassöffnungen und der Einblaseinrichtung eine solche Bypassleitung angeordnet sein. Abhängig von einer Ausrichtung einer solchen Bypassleitung oder mehrerer solcher Bypassleitungen kann die Luft so in bestimmte gewünschte Bereiche der Druckkammer geleitet werden.The controllable pressure device can also have at least one bypass line, which is designed to fluidly connect the injection device to the at least one air inlet opening. The bypass line can be a connecting piece such as a bypass hose, which is arranged between the injection device and the air inlet opening. However, the bypass line can also be an extension of the air inlet opening, which can be, for example, an embedded channel in a material of a pressure chamber wall of the pressure chamber. If the pressure chamber has a plurality of air inlet openings, such a bypass line can be arranged between each of the air inlet openings and the injection device. Depending on the orientation of such a bypass line or a number of such bypass lines, the air can be routed into certain desired areas of the pressure chamber.

Um ein automatisiertes Steuern bzw. Regeln des Drucks zu ermöglichen, kann die steuerbare Druckeinrichtung vorteilhafterweise dazu ausgebildet sein, um ansprechend auf ein Sensorsignal den Druck zu erzeugen. Beispielsweise kann die steuerbare Druckeinrichtung dazu ausgebildet sein, um ansprechend auf das Sensorsignal eines Luftmassenstromsensors und/oder eines Drucksensors den Druck zu erzeugen. Dieser Luftmassenstromsensor und/oder der Drucksensor kann/können im Bereich des Sandbehälters der Sandfördervorrichtung angeordnet sein. Das Sensorsignal des Luftmassenstromsensors kann hierbei einen im Bereich des Sandbehälters gemessenen Volumenstrom repräsentieren. Das Sensorsignal des Drucksensors kann einen im Bereich des Sandbehälters erkannten Druckverlust repräsentieren.In order to enable automated control or regulation of the pressure, the controllable pressure device can advantageously be designed to generate the pressure in response to a sensor signal. For example, the controllable pressure device can be designed to generate the pressure in response to the sensor signal of an air mass flow sensor and/or a pressure sensor. This air mass flow sensor and/or the pressure sensor can be arranged in the area of the sand container of the sand conveying device. The sensor signal from the air mass flow sensor can represent a volume flow measured in the area of the sand container. The sensor signal from the pressure sensor can represent a pressure loss detected in the area of the sand container.

Eine Sandfördervorrichtung weist eine Strömungseinrichtung auf, die in einer hier vorgestellten Ausführungsform ausgeführt ist. Bei der Sandfördervorrichtung kann es sich um eine pneumatische Sandfördervorrichtung handeln, die zur Aufnahme in einem Schienenfahrzeug ausgeformt ist. Eine hier vorgestellte Sandfördervorrichtung kann als Ersatz für bekannte Sandfördervorrichtungen dienen, wobei die hier vorgestellte Sandfördervorrichtung dank der Strömungseinrichtung die bereits beschriebenen Vorteile der Strömungseinrichtung realisiert.A sand conveying device has a flow device, which is implemented in an embodiment presented here. The sand hauler may be a pneumatic sand hauler designed to be incorporated into a rail vehicle. A sand conveying device presented here can serve as a replacement for known sand conveying devices, the sand conveying device presented here realizing the already described advantages of the flow device thanks to the flow device.

Ein Verfahren zum Steuern und/oder Einstellen eines Drucks in einer pneumatischen Sandfördervorrichtung für ein Schienenfahrzeug weist zumindest die folgenden Schritte auf:
Bereitstellen einer Druckkammer mit einer Förderdüsenschnittstelle zu einer Förderdüseneinrichtung zum Erzeugen eines Drucks in der Druckkammer und einer mit der Druckkammer gekoppelten steuerbaren Druckeinrichtung; undA method for controlling and/or adjusting a pressure in a pneumatic sand conveying device for a rail vehicle has at least the following steps:
providing a pressure chamber with a feed nozzle interface to a feed nozzle device for generating a pressure in the pressure chamber and a controllable pressure device coupled to the pressure chamber; and

Erzeugen eines Drucks durch die steuerbare Druckeinrichtung, um den Druck in der Druckkammer zu steuern oder einzustellen.generating a pressure by the controllable pressure means to control or adjust the pressure in the pressure chamber.

Dieses Verfahren kann unter Verwendung der zuvor vorgestellten Strömungseinrichtung ausführbar sein. Auch durch ein solches Verfahren können die bereits beschriebenen Vorteile der Strömungseinrichtung technisch einfach und kostengünstig realisiert werden.This method may be executable using the flow device presented above. Also by such a method already described advantages of the flow device can be realized technically simply and inexpensively.

Ausführungsbeispiele des hier vorgestellten Ansatzes werden in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung mit Bezug zu den Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Querschnittdarstellung einer pneumatischen Sandfördervorrichtung mit einer Strömungseinrichtung zum Steuern und/oder Einstellen eines Drucks in der Sandfördervorrichtung für ein Schienenfahrzeug gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel;
Fig. 2
eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Strömungseinrichtung gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel; und
Fig. 3
ein Ablaufdiagramm eines Verfahrens zum Steuern und/oder Einstellen eines Drucks in einer pneumatischen Sandfördervorrichtung für ein Schienenfahrzeug gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel.
Exemplary embodiments of the approach presented here are explained in more detail in the following description with reference to the figures. Show it:
1
a schematic cross-sectional representation of a pneumatic sand conveying device with a flow device for controlling and/or adjusting a pressure in the sand conveying device for a rail vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment;
2
a schematic side view of a flow device according to an embodiment; and
3
a flowchart of a method for controlling and/or adjusting a pressure in a pneumatic sand conveying device for a rail vehicle according to an embodiment.

In der nachfolgenden Beschreibung günstiger Ausführungsbeispiele des vorliegenden Ansatzes werden für die in den verschiedenen Figuren dargestellten und ähnlich wirkenden Elemente gleiche oder ähnliche Bezugszeichen verwendet, wobei auf eine wiederholte Beschreibung dieser Elemente verzichtet wird.In the following description of favorable exemplary embodiments of the present approach, the same or similar reference symbols are used for the elements which are shown in the various figures and have a similar effect, with a repeated description of these elements being dispensed with.

Umfasst ein Ausführungsbeispiel eine "und/oder"-Verknüpfung zwischen einem ersten Merkmal und einem zweiten Merkmal, so ist dies so zu lesen, dass das Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß einer Ausführungsform sowohl das erste Merkmal als auch das zweite Merkmal und gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform entweder nur das erste Merkmal oder nur das zweite Merkmal aufweist.If an embodiment includes an "and/or" link between a first feature and a second feature, this should be read in such a way that the embodiment according to one embodiment includes both the first feature and the second feature and according to a further embodiment either only that having the first feature or only the second feature.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine schematische Querschnittdarstellung einer pneumatischen Sandfördervorrichtung 100 mit einer Strömungseinrichtung 105 zum Steuern und/oder Einstellen eines Drucks in der Sandfördervorrichtung 100 für ein Schienenfahrzeug gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional representation of a pneumatic sand conveying device 100 with a flow device 105 for controlling and/or adjusting a pressure in the sand conveying device 100 for a rail vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment.

Die Strömungseinrichtung 105 ist dazu ausgebildet, um den Druck in der pneumatischen Sandfördervorrichtung 100 zu steuern und/oder einzustellen. Hierfür weist die Strömungseinrichtung 105 zumindest eine Druckkammer 110 und eine steuerbare Druckeinrichtung 115 auf.The flow device 105 is designed to control and/or adjust the pressure in the pneumatic sand conveying device 100 . For this purpose, the flow device 105 has at least one pressure chamber 110 and a controllable pressure device 115.

Die Druckkammer 110 umfasst eine Förderdüsenschnittstelle 120 zu einer Förderdüse 125, die in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung synonym auch als Förderdüseneinrichtung bezeichnet werden kann, zum Erzeugen des Drucks in der Druckkammer 110. Die steuerbare Druckeinrichtung 115 ist mit der Druckkammer 110 gekoppelt und dazu ausgebildet, um einen Druck zu erzeugen, um den Druck in der Druckkammer 110 zu steuern.The pressure chamber 110 includes a delivery nozzle interface 120 to a delivery nozzle 125, which in the following description can also be referred to synonymously as a delivery nozzle device, for generating the pressure in the pressure chamber 110. The controllable pressure device 115 is coupled to the pressure chamber 110 and is designed to To generate pressure to control the pressure in the pressure chamber 110.

Außer der Strömungseinrichtung 105 weist die Sandfördervorrichtung 100 gemäß diesem Ausführungsbeispiel einen Druckluftanschluss 130, eine Druckeinstellschraube 135, die Förderdüse 125, Ansaugkanäle 140, einen Sandbehälter 145, einen Adapter 150, eine Lavaldüse 155, eine Transportleitung 160 und Zuluftkanäle 165 auf.In addition to the flow device 105, the sand conveying device 100 according to this exemplary embodiment has a compressed air connection 130, a pressure adjustment screw 135, the conveying nozzle 125, suction channels 140, a sand container 145, an adapter 150, a Laval nozzle 155, a transport line 160 and air supply channels 165.

Über den Druckluftanschluss 130 wird Pressluft in die pneumatische Sandfördervorrichtung 100 eingeblasen. Ein Druck kann hierbei gemäß diesem Ausführungsbeispiel über die Druckeinstellschraube 135 eingestellt werden. Die Pressluft strömt dann über die Förderdüse 125, die auch als Treibdüse bezeichnet werden kann, in die Druckkammer 110, wodurch über die Ansaugkanäle 140 aufgrund des Venturi-Effekts beziehungsweise des sich in der Druckkammer 110 bildenden Drucks Sand 170 aus dem Sandbehälter 145 respektive dem Adapter 150 gesaugt wird. Der Sand 170 wird über die optionale Lavaldüse 155, welche eine Strömungsgeschwindigkeit erhöht, nach unten über die Transportleitung 160 weg befördert. Über die Zuluftkanäle 165 kann ein Druckausgleich erfolgen, das heißt, die durch die Ansaugkanäle 140 gesaugte Luft strömt über die Zuluftkanäle 165 nach. Die Strömungsrichtung der Luft ist in der Fig. 1 mit Pfeilen angedeutet.Compressed air is blown into the pneumatic sand conveying device 100 via the compressed air connection 130 . According to this exemplary embodiment, a pressure can be adjusted via the pressure adjustment screw 135 . The compressed air then flows via the conveying nozzle 125, which can also be referred to as the propulsion nozzle, into the pressure chamber 110, whereby sand 170 is discharged from the sand container 145 or the adapter via the intake channels 140 due to the Venturi effect or the pressure developing in the pressure chamber 110 150 is sucked. The sand 170 is transported downwards via the transport line 160 via the optional Laval nozzle 155, which increases a flow rate. A pressure equalization can take place via the air inlet ducts 165 , that is to say the air drawn in through the intake air ducts 140 flows via the air inlet ducts 165 . The direction of flow of the air is in the 1 indicated with arrows.

Im Folgenden werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Strömungseinrichtung 105 noch einmal mit anderen Worten beschrieben:
Die hier vorgestellte Strömungseinrichtung 105 ermöglicht vorteilhafterweise eine pneumatische Steuerung eines Sandförderers in Form der Sandfördervorrichtung 100 mittels zumindest eines Bypasses.In the following, exemplary embodiments of the flow device 105 are described again in other words:
The flow device 105 presented here advantageously enables pneumatic control of a sand conveyor in the form of the sand conveyor device 100 by means of at least one bypass.

Anders als bei bisher verwendeten pneumatischen Sandfördervorrichtungen 100, bei denen eine geförderte Menge an Sand 170 nur durch eine Variation der durch den Druckluftanschluss 130 bereitgestellten Förderluftmenge geändert werden kann, wodurch unvorteilhafterweise auch eine Transportgeschwindigkeit des Sandes 170 variiert wird, ermöglicht die hier vorgestellte Strömungseinrichtung 105 vorteilhafterweise ein Ändern der geförderten Menge an Sand 170 durch Erzeugen des Drucks. Es sind zudem durch die vorgestellte Strömungseinrichtung 105 vorteilhafterweise keine speziellen Ausblaseinrichtungen nötig, um ein Sandungsrohr der Sandfördervorrichtung 100 vollständig zu entleeren. Es ist demnach eine Steuerung/Regelung des geförderten Sandmassenstroms sowie ein Anhalten einer Sandförderung bei gleichzeitiger Entleerung des Leitungssystems in Form von zumindest der Druckkammer 110 und/oder der Lavaldüse 155 und/oder der Transportleitung 160 ermöglicht.In contrast to the previously used pneumatic sand conveying devices 100, in which a conveyed quantity of sand 170 can only be changed by varying the quantity of conveying air provided by the compressed air connection 130, which disadvantageously also varies the transport speed of the sand 170, the flow device 105 presented here advantageously allows a change in the amount of sand 170 conveyed by generating the pressure. In addition, due to the flow device 105 presented, no special blow-out devices are advantageously required in order to completely empty a sanding pipe of the sand conveying device 100 . It is therefore possible to control/regulate the conveyed sand mass flow and to stop sand conveyance while at the same time emptying the line system in the form of at least the pressure chamber 110 and/or the Laval nozzle 155 and/or the transport line 160.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Strömungseinrichtung 105 gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel. Dabei kann es sich um ein Ausführungsbeispiel der anhand von Fig. 1 beschriebenen Strömungseinrichtung 105 handeln. 2 shows a schematic side view of a flow device 105 according to an embodiment. It can be an embodiment of the basis of 1 act described flow device 105.

Gemäß diesem Ausführungsbeispiel weist die steuerbare Druckeinrichtung 115 zumindest eine Einblaseinrichtung 200 zum Einblasen von Luft 205 in die Druckkammer 110 auf, um den Druck zu steuern und/oder einzustellen.According to this exemplary embodiment, the controllable pressure device 115 has at least one injection device 200 for injecting air 205 into the pressure chamber 110 in order to control and/or adjust the pressure.

Die Druckkammer 110 weist zumindest eine Lufteinlassöffnung 210 zum Einlassen der durch die Einblaseinrichtung 200 bereitgestellten Luft 205 auf. Gemäß diesem Ausführungsbeispiel weist die Druckkammer 110 eine Mehrzahl der Lufteinlassöffnungen 210 zum Einlassen der durch die Einblaseinrichtung 200 bereitgestellten Luft 205 auf. In Fig. 2 sind zwei der Lufteinlassöffnungen 210 zu erkennen, die konzentrisch um die Förderdüsenschnittstelle 120 und/oder eine Düsenachse der Förderdüse125 angeordnet sind.The pressure chamber 110 has at least one air inlet opening 210 for letting in the air 205 provided by the injection device 200 . According to this exemplary embodiment, the pressure chamber 110 has a plurality of air inlet openings 210 for letting in the air 205 provided by the injection device 200 . In 2 two of the air inlet openings 210 can be seen, which are arranged concentrically around the conveyor nozzle interface 120 and/or a nozzle axis of the conveyor nozzle 125.

Gemäß diesem Ausführungsbeispiel weist die steuerbare Druckeinrichtung 115 zumindest eine Bypassleitung auf, die dazu ausgebildet ist, um die Einblaseinrichtung 200 fluidisch mit der zumindest einen Lufteinlassöffnung 210 und/oder der Mehrzahl von Lufteinlassöffnungen 210 zu verbinden.According to this exemplary embodiment, the controllable pressure device 115 has at least one bypass line, which is designed to fluidly connect the injection device 200 to the at least one air inlet opening 210 and/or the plurality of air inlet openings 210.

Die steuerbare Druckeinrichtung 115 ist dazu ausgebildet, um ansprechend auf ein Sensorsignal den Druck zu erzeugen. Hierbei ist die steuerbare Druckeinrichtung 115 gemäß diesem Ausführungsbeispiel dazu ausgebildet, um ansprechend auf das Sensorsignal eines Luftmassenstromsensors und/oder eines Drucksensors den Druck zu erzeugen.The controllable pressure device 115 is designed to generate the pressure in response to a sensor signal. In this case, the controllable pressure device 115 according to this exemplary embodiment is designed to generate the pressure in response to the sensor signal of an air mass flow sensor and/or a pressure sensor.

Im Folgenden werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Strömungseinrichtung 105 noch einmal mit anderen Worten beschrieben :
Durch Einblasen von Bypassluft 205 in die Druckkammer 110 der Sandfördervorrichtung kann die Menge an aus der Umgebung durch den Sandbehälter angesaugten Luft, welche für die Sandförderung bestimmend ist, variiert und damit der geförderte Sandmassenstrom gesteuert werden. Der Sandmassenstrom kann damit auch bis zum vollständigen Stillstand reduziert werden. Dadurch, dass die Förderluft mit Überschallgeschwindigkeit aus der Förderdüse 125 in die Druckkammer 110 einströmt, verändert sich der Fördermassenstrom nicht und die Fördergeschwindigkeit des Mediums bleibt erhalten. Dies kann insbesondere auch zum Entleeren des sich anschließenden Leitungssystems verwendet werden. Da zusätzlich noch der aus der Umgebung durch den Sandbehälter angesaugte Luftmassenstrom gemessen wird, direkt über ein Volumenstrommesser und/oder indirekt z. B. über einen entstehenden Druckverlust, ist so ein geschlossenes Regelsystem erstellt.In the following, exemplary embodiments of the flow device 105 are described again in other words:
By blowing bypass air 205 into the pressure chamber 110 of the sand conveying device, the amount of air sucked in from the environment through the sand container, which is decisive for the sand conveyance, can be varied and the conveyed sand mass flow can thus be controlled. The sand mass flow can thus be reduced to a complete standstill. Due to the fact that the conveying air flows from the conveying nozzle 125 into the pressure chamber 110 at supersonic speed, the conveying mass flow does not change and the conveying speed of the medium is maintained. This can also be used in particular to empty the subsequent line system. Since the air mass flow sucked in from the environment through the sand container is also measured, directly via a volume flow meter and/or indirectly, e.g. B. a resulting pressure loss, so a closed control system is created.

Durch Einbringen von Bypassluft 205 durch konzentrisch um die Düsenachse angeordnete Lufteinlässe in Form der Lufteinlassöffnungen 210 wird der Druck in der Druckkammer 110 angehoben und der aus der Umgebung durch den Sandbehälter angesaugte Luftmassenstrom entsprechend variiert. Diverse andere konstruktive Ausführungen der steuerbaren Druckerzeugungseinrichtung 115 sind allerdings ebenfalls denkbar.By introducing bypass air 205 through air inlets in the form of air inlet openings 210 arranged concentrically around the nozzle axis, the pressure in the pressure chamber 110 is increased and the air mass flow sucked in from the environment through the sand container varies accordingly. Various other constructive However, versions of the controllable pressure generation device 115 are also conceivable.

Fig. 3 zeigt ein Ablaufdiagramm eines Verfahrens 300 zum Steuern und/oder Einstellen eines Drucks in einer pneumatischen Sandfördervorrichtung für ein Schienenfahrzeug gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel. Dabei kann es sich um ein Verfahren 300 handeln, das von einer der anhand einer der vorangegangenen Figuren beschriebenen Strömungseinrichtungen ausführbar und/oder ansteuerbar ist. 3 shows a flowchart of a method 300 for controlling and/or adjusting a pressure in a pneumatic sand conveying device for a rail vehicle according to an embodiment. This can be a method 300 that can be executed and/or controlled by one of the flow devices described with reference to one of the preceding figures.

Das Verfahren 300 weist zumindest einen Schritt 305 des Bereitstellens und einen Schritt 310 des Erzeugens auf. Im Schritt 305 des Bereitstellens werden eine Druckkammer mit einer Förderdüsenschnittstelle zu einer Förderdüseneinrichtung zum Erzeugen eines Drucks in der Druckkammer und eine mit der Druckkammer gekoppelte steuerbare Druckeinrichtung bereitgestellt. Im Schritt 310 des Erzeugens wird ein Druck durch die steuerbare Druckeinrichtung erzeugt, um den Druck in der Druckkammer zu steuern.The method 300 has at least one step 305 of providing and one step 310 of generating. In step 305 of providing, a pressure chamber with a delivery nozzle interface to a delivery nozzle device for generating a pressure in the pressure chamber and a controllable pressure device coupled to the pressure chamber are provided. In step 310 of generating, a pressure is generated by the controllable pressure device in order to control the pressure in the pressure chamber.

Die hier vorgestellten Verfahrensschritte können wiederholt sowie in einer anderen als in der beschriebenen Reihenfolge ausgeführt werden.The method steps presented here can be repeated and carried out in a different order than the one described.

BEZUGSZEICHENLISTEREFERENCE LIST

100100
Sandfördervorrichtungsand conveying device
105105
Strömungseinrichtungflow device
110110
Druckkammerpressure chamber
115115
steuerbare Druckeinrichtungcontrollable pressure device
120120
Förderdüsenschnittstelleconveyor nozzle interface
125125
Förderdüsedelivery nozzle
130130
Druckluftanschlusscompressed air connection
135135
Druckeinstellschraubepressure adjustment screw
140140
Ansaugkanäleintake ducts
145145
Sandbehältersand container
150150
Adapteradapter
155155
LavaldüseLaval nozzle
160160
Transportleitungtransport line
165165
Zuluftkanälesupply air ducts
170170
Sandsand
200200
Einblaseinrichtunginjection device
205205
LuftAir
210210
Lufteinlassöffnungair intake opening
300300
Verfahrenprocedure
305305
Schritt des Bereitstellensstep of providing
310310
Schritt des Erzeugensstep of creating

Claims (11)

  1. Flow device (105) for controlling and/or adjusting a pressure in a pneumatic sand conveying device (100) for a rail vehicle, the flow device (105) having at least the following features:
    - a pressure chamber (110) with a conveying nozzle interface (120) to a conveying nozzle device (125) for generating a pressure in the pressure chamber (110); and
    - at least one controllable pressure device (115) coupled to the pressure chamber (110), designed to generate a pressure in order to control and/or adjust the pressure in the pressure chamber (110),
    characterised in that
    - the controllable pressure device (115) has at least one blow-in device (200) for blowing air (205) into the pressure chamber (110) in order to control the pressure.
  2. Flow device (105) according to claim 1, in which the pressure chamber (110) has at least one air inlet opening (210) for letting in the air provided by the blow-in device (200).
  3. Flow device (105) according to claim 2, in which the air inlet opening (210) is located in the region of the conveying nozzle interface (120).
  4. Flow device (105) according to claim 2 or 3, in which the pressure chamber (110) has a plurality of air inlet openings (210) for letting in the air (205) provided by the blow-in device (200).
  5. Flow device (105) according to claim 4, in which the plurality of air inlet openings (210) is arranged concentrically around the conveying nozzle interface (120) and/or a nozzle axis of the conveying nozzle (125).
  6. Flow device (105) according to any of claims 2 to 5, in which the controllable pressure device (115) has at least one bypass line designed to connect the blow-in device (200) fluidically to the at least one air inlet opening (210) and/or to a plurality of air inlet openings (210).
  7. Flow device (105) according to any of the preceding claims, in which the controllable pressure device (115) is designed to generate the pressure in response to a sensor signal.
  8. Flow device (105) according to claim 7, in which the controllable pressure device (115) is designed to generate the pressure in response to the sensor signal of an air mass flow sensor and/or of a pressure sensor.
  9. Sand conveying device (100) having a flow device (105) according to any of the preceding claims.
  10. Method (300) for controlling and/or adjusting a pressure in a pneumatic sand conveying device (100) for a rail vehicle, the method (300) having at least the following steps:
    - providing (305) a pressure chamber (110) with a conveying nozzle interface (120) to a conveying nozzle device (125) for generating a pressure in the pressure chamber (110) and with a controllable pressure device (115) coupled to the pressure chamber (110) and having at least one blow-in device (200); and
    - generating (310) a pressure by means of the controllable pressure device (115) in order to control and/or adjust the pressure in the pressure chamber (110),
    characterised in that
    in step (310) of generating, the air (205) is blown into the pressure chamber (110) using the blow-in device (200) in order to control the pressure.
  11. Computer programme arranged to execute and/or activate step (300) of the method according to claim 10, of generating a pressure by means of the controllable pressure device.
EP18785534.1A 2017-10-02 2018-10-01 Flow device and method for controlling and/or adjusting a pressure in a pneumatic sand-conveying device for a rail vehicle, and sand-conveying device having a flow device Active EP3691951B1 (en)

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DE102017122860.8A DE102017122860A1 (en) 2017-10-02 2017-10-02 Flow device and method for controlling and / or adjusting a pressure in a pneumatic sand conveyor device for a rail vehicle and a sand conveyor device with a flow device
PCT/EP2018/076572 WO2019068602A1 (en) 2017-10-02 2018-10-01 Flow device and method for controlling and/or adjusting a pressure in a pneumatic sand-conveying device for a rail vehicle, and sand-conveying device having a flow device

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DE102020203182A1 (en) 2020-03-12 2021-09-16 Siemens Mobility GmbH Arrangement for increasing the coefficient of adhesion in a rail vehicle
DE102020215952A1 (en) 2020-12-15 2022-06-15 Siemens Mobility GmbH Grit system for a rail vehicle

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DE202013000635U1 (en) * 2013-01-23 2013-04-22 Bernd Federhen Pneumatic sand dispenser for rail vehicles

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DE3410409A1 (en) * 1984-03-21 1985-09-26 Knorr-Bremse GmbH, 8000 München Device for dispensing sand for rail vehicles
EP1312488A3 (en) * 2001-11-15 2004-01-02 Goldmann, Norbert Device for spreading grit
DE10252466A1 (en) * 2002-11-10 2004-05-27 Ibeg Systems Gmbh Air powered sand spreader and sand spreading method
DE102013016167A1 (en) * 2013-09-30 2015-04-02 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH Sanding device for a rail vehicle and method for providing sand for a rail vehicle
AT516916B1 (en) * 2015-02-26 2021-05-15 Knorr Bremse Gmbh Dosing system for a sanding system of a rail vehicle

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202013000635U1 (en) * 2013-01-23 2013-04-22 Bernd Federhen Pneumatic sand dispenser for rail vehicles

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