EP3688230B1 - Dispositif pour protéger le littoral - Google Patents

Dispositif pour protéger le littoral Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3688230B1
EP3688230B1 EP18778410.3A EP18778410A EP3688230B1 EP 3688230 B1 EP3688230 B1 EP 3688230B1 EP 18778410 A EP18778410 A EP 18778410A EP 3688230 B1 EP3688230 B1 EP 3688230B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
collector
anchoring body
central
central anchoring
view
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP18778410.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3688230A1 (fr
EP3688230C0 (fr
Inventor
Frank Georg GERIGK
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of EP3688230B1 publication Critical patent/EP3688230B1/fr
Publication of EP3688230C0 publication Critical patent/EP3688230C0/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
    • E02B3/129—Polyhedrons, tetrapods or similar bodies, whether or not threaded on strings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a coastal protection device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Coastal protection is an issue that has top priority in many countries - after all, residential and industrial areas, human possessions, infrastructure facilities, natural monuments, nature conservation or recreational areas are often located directly on the coast. Areas off the coast that consist of sand and silt are subject to special changes caused by ocean currents and waves: shipping routes can be changed or even obstructed, and areas that protect the coasts are eroded. This can result in numerous disadvantages, which on a small scale can lead to the silting up of ports, to the removal of building ground and to the collapse and thus to the destruction of buildings, on a large scale to the destruction of inhabited areas and islands.
  • the US 5,207,531A discloses a construction for creating an artificial reef to alter the seabed and optimize it for generating waves suitable for surfing, using bundles of parallel tubes attached to a central mooring body.
  • the US 6,824,327 B1 discloses an artificial reef in the form of a tetrahedron formed by several beams connected by connectors. Gratings are provided between the beams to create a habitat for aquatic life.
  • FR 1320613 A Unlike that FR 1320613 A are the collector arms from the FR 1043765 A not hollow but solid.
  • a disadvantage of these shore defense devices is that they do not provide a still current environment in which to collect sediment.
  • the present invention is based on the object of creating a device for coastal protection which effectively counteracts the erosion of the seabed in the shore area.
  • a central anchoring body is a body that is preferably adapted to prevent the collector arms from being driven off when the device is used for coastal protection.
  • a collector arm is a member, releasably or non-releasably attached to the central anchoring body, suitable for promoting sedimentation at and in the vicinity of the device, and preferably extending on the seabed, and preferably having a length with which it protrudes from the central body, which is at least as large as its width (ie the total width of the collector arm without the bottom element mentioned below), preferably significantly larger (at least twice as large).
  • position information relates to an ideal usage position of the device on a horizontal surface.
  • the coastal protection device can also be referred to as a bionic sediment collector (BiSCo), since in preferred embodiments it primarily uses organic models from nature. This includes, for example, aspects from mangrove forests, fish gills, whale species, starfish, sponge and coral reefs - but also feelers of male moths. The natural individual aspects are converted into a technical innovation in a bionic way. The comparatively complicated forms of nature are being simplified technically more and more.
  • the device is intended to be used undersea in order to collect floating sediments near the bottom and bind them in place. If the devices - with knowledge of the hydrographic conditions - are used in larger groups, modeling of the sea floor is possible: unwanted erosion can be delayed or even prevented; the intention is even to build up the seabed.
  • the device is placed on the seabed in clusters ("schools"). Seen from the sea, the device is positioned well in front of the breaker line, where return currents from the beach are less likely to be expected. The ideal depths are just below to well below the effect of the waves.
  • the individual BiSCos sit close together. Ideally, their outer radii are close together. The device is used to change the local environment at the sites where it is used.
  • the device rests on the seabed and prevents laminar overflow of the seabed by an ocean current. This creates weak turbulence and a reduction in flow energy. As a result, sediments carried along by the current fall out and are deposited in and around the device on. Deployed in smaller numbers, the devices delay erosion on the sea floor. Used on a larger scale, they can prevent erosion or result in more sandy soil being piled up than before. Ultimately, under favorable circumstances, new islands can be set up with the aid of the devices. If a school is mostly covered with sediment, consideration should be given to building another layer of devices on top. It is physically more advantageous, because it is more stable, to set up the devices of the second layer slightly offset from those of the first and not directly on top of each other. If desired, the central anchoring bodies can be easily removed from the water, fitted with new collector arms and reused. Ideally, the devices thus become a core of new, more stable islands. The device acts like a natural reef body and thus leads to an increase in biological diversity.
  • the central anchoring body preferably has a (substantially) rotationally periodic body, i.e. the body is imaged onto itself when rotated about an axis of rotation by a certain angle, and preferably between 3 and 7, more preferably 5, identical sides (in addition to the top and bottom).
  • the central anchoring body is preferably made of cast reinforced concrete. It can be mass-produced using steel concrete formwork, either at a precast concrete plant, or using purchased concrete formwork anywhere, for example near a port. In principle, a single concrete formwork of this type is sufficient to form a few dozen, possibly a few hundred, blocks.
  • the type of concrete is preferably chosen according to the water chemistry.
  • the central anchoring body is preferably made of durable concrete and is designed to survive several years in sea water undamaged.
  • the central anchoring body In the interior of the central anchoring body there is preferably a mesh made of commercially available reinforcing iron (>reinforcement iron ⁇ ). This helps to keep the construction stable and to withstand tensile forces. Concrete has the advantage that it is biologically inactive and biochemically almost inert. It poses no biological hazard and has no negative impact on the environment. The central anchoring body will be overgrown with algae, mussels and microorganisms and will take on the function of a rock and thus become part of the ecological system.
  • reinforcing iron >reinforcement iron ⁇
  • the device preferably comprises between 3 and 7, particularly preferably 5, identical collector arms, the number of collector arms corresponding to the number of the aforementioned sides of the central anchoring body.
  • the device therefore resembles a starfish.
  • the collector arms are mirror-symmetrical to a central plane of symmetry.
  • the frame preferably consists essentially (apart from fastening means) of wood, in particular rough-sawn, natural wood (boards and planks or squared timber), which are biodegradable.
  • the frame preferably comprises a plurality of longitudinal beams, particularly preferably two upper longitudinal beams, which preferably run parallel and inclined downwards to the free end of the respective collector arm, and two lower (preferably horizontal) longitudinal beams, which run towards one another at an angle to the free end of the longitudinal beam.
  • no glue, paint, varnish or other biohazardous materials are used to assemble the individual parts of the frame together.
  • wooden nails or the like are preferably used, otherwise metal fasteners.
  • the frame preferably comprises a plurality of (at least two) (horizontal) cross members which connect the two lower horizontal longitudinal members to one another.
  • the frame comprises a plurality of (vertical) beams connecting the upper longitudinal members to the lower (horizontal) cross members.
  • the cladding element preferably has two essentially vertical end sections and a curved central section, the cladding element spanning the frame from one longitudinal side to the opposite longitudinal side and possibly the collector elements.
  • a plurality of such cladding elements are preferably provided. Narrow gaps of a maximum of 3 cm can be provided between the cladding elements.
  • the cladding element or elements comprise a mesh or grid.
  • Each trim element may be of mesh or mesh or may include mesh or mesh.
  • the network creates an even calmer flow environment inside the collector arms, which means that sediment transported here sinks and accumulates.
  • the mesh is structured to move some sediment in but less sediment out. In summary, more sediment will accumulate around the device than is being moved. A removal is counteracted.
  • the braid is wicker. Compared to hazelnut wicker, wicker is flexible and therefore particularly suitable for cladding elements.
  • each of the attachment means comprises at least one attachment spigot formed on (and preferably protruding from) the respective collector arm (at a preferably larger end of the respective collector arm) and at least one spigot opening formed laterally on the central anchoring body is designed to receive the respective at least one mounting pin.
  • each collector arm has at least two (lower and upper), more preferably at least three, mounting pins.
  • each central anchoring body has at least two (one lower and one upper), more preferably at least three, spigot openings for each collector arm.
  • the pegs are preferably made of wood.
  • each locking device comprises a locking opening formed in the central anchoring body and connected to one of the lateral pivot openings, a locking recess formed on the at least one attachment pivot, and a locking element intended to be inserted into the locking opening and engage the locking recess on the mounting stud.
  • the locking aperture extends vertically from the top of the central anchoring body to the spigot aperture.
  • the locking element is preferably made of pressure-resistant concrete and is preferably designed conically so that it cannot tilt.
  • the locking member preferably has a steel handle on its top.
  • a device is attached to the locking elements, which makes it possible to pull out all locking elements at the same time.
  • the collector arms each taper from the end at which they are connected to the central anchoring body to an opposite free end.
  • At least one essentially vertical collector element is provided on the frame.
  • a collector element is an element capable of promoting sedimentation in its vicinity.
  • substantially vertical in the context of the present invention means that an angle between a tangential surface on a portion of a surface of the collector element and a plane that extends vertically is at most 45°, more preferably at most 20°, even more preferably at most 10° , amounts to.
  • the collector element is preferably flat and has continuous openings.
  • the collector element may be of braid or mesh, or may include braid or mesh.
  • the mesh is preferably a hazelnut mesh which is relatively rigid, particularly when compared to wicker. A plurality of such collector elements are preferably provided.
  • Collector elements are preferably provided in the longitudinal direction and/or in the transverse direction of the collector arm.
  • Collector elements preferably run in a central plane of the collector arm, it being possible for the collector elements to be arranged between two upper longitudinal members.
  • At least one horizontal floor element is preferably provided on the frame.
  • This horizontal floor element may comprise several panels or be formed from a mesh or comprise a mesh, preferably a hazelnut mesh.
  • the horizontal floor element can be weighed down with heavy elements (e.g. concrete blocks or natural stones) or poured with concrete to counteract the buoyancy of the collector arms.
  • the collector arms each have a length of between 2 m and 6 m, preferably between 3 and 4 m (without fastening pins).
  • the central anchoring body has a weight of between 200 kg and 10 t, preferably between 500 kg and 7 t, more preferably between 1 t and 5 t, even more preferably between 2 t and 3 t.
  • the anchoring body (without an optional transport handle) preferably has a height of between 70 cm and 2 m, particularly preferably between 90 cm and 130 cm.
  • a handle is provided at the top of the central anchoring body.
  • the handle is preferably bow-shaped.
  • a lower recess is preferably provided on the underside of the central anchoring body. This makes it possible to stack several anchoring bodies on top of each other for transport, with the lower recess serving to accommodate the handle.
  • An extension is preferably also provided on the upper side of the central anchoring body. The extension can have the shape of a truncated cone, for example.
  • a lower portion of the lower recess is complementary to the extension.
  • the lower section serves to stabilize the central anchorage bodies during storage or transport. For positioning, the complete device is lifted by the handle of a ship's crane and slewed across the sea and then gently lowered and placed on the seabed.
  • FIG. 1A, FIG. 1B, FIG. 1C, FIG. 1D and FIG. 1E Figure 12 shows a side view of a shore defense device, another side view of the shore defense device, a top view of the shore defense device without fairing, a sectional view along line BB of Figures 1 and 2 1A and a perspective view of the device for coastal protection, each without a panel.
  • FIG. 1A', FIG. 1B', FIG. 1C', FIG. 1D' and FIG. 1E' show the corresponding views like FIG. 1A, FIG. 1B, FIG. 1C, FIG. 1D or. FIG. 1E but each with a fairing 9.
  • the coastal protection device comprises a central mooring body 1, the base of which is in the shape of a regular pentagon, and five identical collector arms 2, each fixed to one of the five sides of the central mooring body 1, at regular angular intervals are arranged around the central anchoring body 1 and extend radially outwards therefrom.
  • FIG. 2A, FIG. 2B, FIG. 2C, FIG. 2D, FIG. 2E, FIG. 2F and FIG. 2G show a side view of two anchoring bodies 1 stacked on top of one another, a sectional view along the line AA FIG. 2A , a sectional view along the line CC 2A , a plan view of an anchoring body 1, a sectional view along the line BB 2A , a locking element and a perspective view of the central anchoring body 1 with several locking elements 14.
  • the central anchoring body 1 consists of reinforced concrete.
  • the central anchoring body 1 On each of its five identically shaped sides, the central anchoring body 1 comprises an upper spigot hole 10 for the insertion of an upper spigot and two lower spigot holes 11 for the insertion of lower spigots of the commutator arm (see Fig FIG. 3D ).
  • an extension 15 is formed in the form of a flat truncated cone, on which a handle 12 is attached.
  • 5 locking openings 13 open, which each run perpendicular to one of the upper pin openings 10, open into this and each serve for the introduction of a locking element 14.
  • the locking element 14 engages in a locking recess of a pin and thereby retains the corresponding commutator arm on the central anchoring body 1 (see Fig FIG. 1D ).
  • FIG. 3A, FIG. 3B, FIG. 3C, FIG. 3D, FIG. 3E and FIG. 3F Fig. 13 shows a side view of the collector arm 2, a sectional view along the line AA FIG. 3A , a plan view of the collector arm 2, a perspective view of the collector arm 2, a further side view of the collector arm 2 and a further perspective view of the collector arm 2, each without a cladding.
  • FIG. 3A', FIG. 3B', FIG. 3C', FIG. 3D', FIG. 3E' and FIG. 3F' show the corresponding views How FIG. 3A, FIG. 3B, FIG. 3C, FIG. 3D, FIG. 3E and FIG. 3F but each with a fairing 9.
  • the collector arms 2 taper outwards from the end at which they are connected to the central anchoring body in use to their free end.
  • the collector arms 2 have a frame 4 made of several wooden beams 5, 17, 18, 19.
  • Two upper stringers 5 run parallel, radially outwards and sloping downwards at a gradient of between 4° and 10° from the end at which it is connected in use to the central anchorage body.
  • Two lower side rails 17 run towards one another in a horizontal plane, each forming an angle of between 2° and 8° with a radial line which runs exactly between the two lower side rails 17 in the horizontal plane.
  • the two lower side members are connected to one another by a plurality of cross members 19 .
  • the upper longitudinal beams 5 are connected to the cross beams 19 by vertical beams 18 .
  • a plurality of vertical collector elements 6 are arranged between the two upper longitudinal beams 5, each of which lies in a plane which extends in the direction of the respective collector arm 2 and represents a plane of symmetry of the collector arm 2. Furthermore, on each collector arm 2 are arranged at an equal distance a plurality of vertical collector elements 8, each lying in a plane extending in the direction transverse to the respective Collector arm 2 expands.
  • the collector elements consist of a hazelnut mesh. Attached to the bottom of the collector arm 2 is a horizontal floor plate 7 made up of several separate floor elements, which extends in a horizontal plane.
  • the horizontal base plates 7 are designed in such a way that the horizontal base plates of adjacent collector arms 2 do not overlap and border one another laterally in the vicinity of the central anchoring body.
  • a fairing 9 is provided on the frame.
  • the fairing 9 consists of several fairing elements of wickerwork of the same width, fixed to the frame 4 and running from one longitudinal side of the collector arm 2 to the opposite longitudinal side of the collector arm 2 via the frame 4, having two substantially vertical lateral sections and having a central arcuate portion.
  • Frame 4 side members 5 vertical collector element 6 floor element 7
  • vertical collector element 8th disguise 9 upper spigot opening 10 lower spigot opening 11

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Dispositif destiné à la protection du littoral, le dispositif comprenant:
    - un corps d'ancrage central (1) et
    - plusieurs bras collecteurs (2) qui sont fixés au corps d'ancrage central (1),
    caractérisé en que les bras collecteurs (2) comportent un châssis (4), en ce qu'un habillage (9) est prévu sur le châssis (4), et en ce que l'habillage comprend un ou plusieurs éléments d'habillage qui sont de configuration plane et présentent des ouvertures traversantes.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit ou lesdits éléments d'habillage comprennent un treillis ou un grillage.
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le treillis est un treillis en osier.
  4. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs dispositifs de fixation (3, 6, 10, 11) sont prévus pour fixer chacun l'un des bras collecteurs (2) au corps d'ancrage central (1).
  5. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs dispositifs de verrouillage (13, 14, 21) sont prévus pour pourvoir chacun à un assemblage verrouillé de l'un des bras collecteurs (2) au corps d'ancrage central (1).
  6. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les bras collecteurs (2), à partir de l'extrémité à laquelle ils sont attachés au corps d'ancrage central (1), s'amincissent chacun en une extrémité opposée libre.
  7. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un élément collecteur essentiellement vertical (8) est prévu sur le châssis (4) .
  8. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les bras collecteurs (2) ont chacun une longueur comprise entre 2 et 6 m, de préférence entre 3 et 4 m.
  9. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le corps d'ancrage central (1) a un poids compris entre 200 kg et 10 t, de préférence entre 500 kg et 7 t, de façon particulièrement préférée entre 1 t et 5 t, de façon encore plus particulièrement préférée entre 2 t et 3 t.
  10. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un dispositif de préhension (12) est prévu sur le corps d'ancrage central (1).
EP18778410.3A 2017-09-29 2018-09-19 Dispositif pour protéger le littoral Active EP3688230B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017122716.4A DE102017122716A1 (de) 2017-09-29 2017-09-29 Vorrichtung zum Küstenschutz
PCT/EP2018/075304 WO2019063377A1 (fr) 2017-09-29 2018-09-19 Dispositif pour protéger le littoral

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3688230A1 EP3688230A1 (fr) 2020-08-05
EP3688230B1 true EP3688230B1 (fr) 2023-06-14
EP3688230C0 EP3688230C0 (fr) 2023-06-14

Family

ID=63683862

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18778410.3A Active EP3688230B1 (fr) 2017-09-29 2018-09-19 Dispositif pour protéger le littoral

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP3688230B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102017122716A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019063377A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111809564A (zh) * 2020-06-08 2020-10-23 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 窝崩抢护方法

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1043765A (fr) * 1951-10-12 1953-11-12 Neyrpic Ets Perfectionnements aux blocs artificiels pour construction d'ouvrages hydrauliques
FR1320613A (fr) * 1962-04-27 1963-03-08 Ocrietfabrik N V Blocs pesants munis de plusieurs branches divergentes, constitués d'éléments artificiels, pour protéger une construction hydraulique, et procédé de fabrication de tels blocs
DE7026920U (de) * 1970-07-17 1970-10-15 E A H Naue K G Rosshaarspinner An gezeiten und hochwasser sich automatisch anpassende verankerung von kuenstenschutzmatten aus chemiefasern.
DE2162559A1 (de) * 1971-01-11 1972-07-27 Larsen, Öle Jeppe Fjord, Hjerting (Dänemark) Verfahren und Vorrichtung für die Erzeugung und Befestigung von Ablagerungen von Sedimentmaterial am Boden von Gewässern
US5207531A (en) * 1991-09-03 1993-05-04 Gary Ross Artificial surfing reef
US6824327B1 (en) * 2003-05-27 2004-11-30 David M. Walter Artifical barrier reef

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102017122716A1 (de) 2019-04-04
WO2019063377A1 (fr) 2019-04-04
EP3688230A1 (fr) 2020-08-05
EP3688230C0 (fr) 2023-06-14

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