EP3685886A1 - Spray device, preferably for fire fighting - Google Patents

Abstract

A spray device is proposed, preferably for fire fighting. The aim is to create a device which can be used to effectively combat heat-intensive sources of fire using largely conventional measures, for example burning vehicles with traction batteries installed in them. For this purpose, the spraying device has a spray head (1) and a pipe section (2) attached to it and surrounding a liquid channel (12), the spray head (1) being formed by a hollow body (30) into which the liquid channel (12) opens and which is provided with outlet openings (5) from such a radiation direction that liquid emerges three-dimensionally from the spray head (1). The pipe section (2) is designed as a rigid pipe and is provided at its end facing away from the spray head (1) with a connection (4) for a fire hose (6). The connection (4) is a bayonet coupling (15) for the pressure-tight connection of the fire hose (6) provided with a corresponding coupling counterpart (16). The pipe length of the pipe section (2) between the bayonet coupling (15) and the mouth (32) of the liquid channel (12) in the hollow body (30) is between 1000 mm and 4000 mm.

Description

The invention relates to a spray device, preferably for fire fighting.

In certain situations, conventional fire fighting using a hand-held extinguishing jet can do little. Such situations can e.g. B. fires or smoldering fires in vehicles. The fact that the number of electrically powered vehicles on the road is increasing is playing an increasing role. These vehicles have particularly powerful battery systems. However, these battery systems have also proven to be a source of highly problematic fires. This applies in particular to vehicles in which lithium-ion batteries are installed as drive batteries.

There have always been fires in road vehicles, but the source of the fire is often the fuel supply to the internal combustion engine with petrol or diesel fuel. Such fires caused by highly flammable fuels can be combated conventionally in most cases, e.g. B. with a commercially available fire extinguisher.

This conventional fire fighting fails in fires that develop on modern, particularly powerful traction batteries. There is a strong build-up of heat in the vehicle and in the immediate vicinity of the vehicle, which is why there is little to be done with conventional fire fighting using a hand-held fire extinguisher because of the distance to be kept from the location of the heat.

Fire fighting methods have therefore already been proposed, particularly in vehicles with traction batteries that catch fire. However, special measures and appropriate technical equipment are required, but they are not available everywhere or are quickly available. In addition, these special fire-fighting measures require appropriately trained specialist staff.

From the DE 20 2007 000 443 U1 is known a general fire fighting spray head on which several, partly forward and partly obliquely forward Nozzles are formed, the nozzles radiating obliquely forward from a first nozzle chamber and the nozzles radiating forward from a second nozzle chamber. The spray head is attached to the end of an extinguishing lance.

The aim of the invention is to provide a device with which heat-intensive sources of fire can be effectively combated using largely conventional measures, for example burning vehicles with traction batteries installed therein.

To achieve this object, a spray device with the features of claim 1 is proposed.

The spray device has a spray head and a pipe section attached to it, which surrounds the liquid channel leading to the spray head. The spray head is formed by a hollow body, into the interior of which the liquid channel opens. The hollow body is provided with outlet openings with an emission direction such that liquid leaves the spray head in three dimensions. The pipe section of the spray device is designed as a rigid pipe and is provided at its end facing away from the spray head with a connection for a conventional fire hose. The connection includes a bayonet coupling for the pressure-tight connection of the fire hose provided with a corresponding coupling counterpart. The pipe length of the pipe section between the bayonet coupling and the mouth of the liquid channel in the hollow body of the spray head is between 1000 mm and 4000 mm, preferably between 1500 mm and 3000 mm.

The spraying device is of simple construction and can be operated very easily, since it is largely conventional. There is therefore no need to use fire protection measures and the corresponding, specialized equipment for battery fires, especially since both are not always available at short notice in an emergency. Instead, conventional means of fire fighting are largely used, which are also easy to use and can also be handled without trained specialist personnel.

Spray heads from which extinguishing liquid emerges three-dimensionally are known as such, e.g. B. from the DE 10 2014 102 438 A1 or the DE 533 649 B . The peculiarity of the invention, however, consists in the combination of the spray head with the pipe section attached to it and enclosing and at the same time significantly lengthening the liquid channel leading to the spray head. The pipe section is smaller in diameter than the spray head and is of such length that it serves as a handle that can be easily gripped by the fire fighter with one hand or with both hands. In this way, the spray head directly exposed to the source of the fire or the heat source can be handled from a greater distance, and the fire-fighting person is therefore less exposed to the heat and, above all, the radiant heat of the place of use. It has been found that 1000 mm to 4000 mm and preferably between 1500 mm and 3000 mm are advantageous for the entire pipe length of the rigid pipe section. With such a length, on the one hand, the spray device can still be handled sensibly without becoming too cumbersome, and on the other hand, such a distance between the person handling the spray head and the spray head is maintained that the heat acting on the person remains controllable.

It is also advantageous that the spray device can be combined with commercially available fire hoses for the purpose of supplying extinguishing liquid. For this purpose, the tube section designed as a rigid tube is provided at its end facing away from the spray head with a connection for the fire hose. This connection is a bayonet coupling for the pressure-tight connection of the fire hose provided with a corresponding coupling counterpart. These connections can be operated very quickly because they work with a bayonet and not with a complete screw connection. The spraying device can therefore be connected to the fire hose connected to an extinguishing agent pump in a few familiar steps.

On site, the rigidity of the spray device consisting of the spray head and the distance-creating pipe section leads to the advantage that, for. B. thin walls or glass panes, which are located between the source of the fire and the person fighting the fire, can be destroyed by impact forces. Because of its length and rigidity, the spraying device is suitable as a ram with which obstacles can be removed or destroyed. So z. B. in a burning motor vehicle smash the still intact disks so that the spray head can only be inserted into the vehicle interior.

The pipe section is preferably of such a cross section that it can be gripped easily by hand, and nevertheless the liquid channel running in the pipe section can still transport sufficient extinguishing liquid. To achieve this, the average cross-sectional area of the liquid channel should be between 1250 mm ² and 10000 mm ² , preferably between 1500 mm ² and 6500 mm ² .

When the spray device already connected to the fire hose approaches the place of use, the flexible fire hose is simply pulled along. So that the tensile resistance is not too high, the connection for the fire hose is axially aligned with the main longitudinal extension of the pipe section.

The tube section is preferably provided with a locking device for the optional locking or unlocking of the liquid channel. The spray device can thus first be positioned with the spray head first, near the source of the fire, and only then is the locking device unlocked by releasing a valve in the liquid channel for the extinguishing liquid to flow through.

For optimal handling of the spray device in use, it is advantageous if the locking device is arranged immediately after the bayonet coupling, and thus at a large distance from the spray head.

In a further embodiment it is proposed that the hollow body forming the spray head outside the mouth of the liquid channel is exclusively spherical in shape, the outlet openings being arranged distributed over the spherical lateral surface. This results in a strong three-dimensional or spatial spray pattern. This is because liquid jets not only emerge to the front and to the side, but also to the back from some outlet openings. This opens up the possibility of arranging the spray head directly at the location of the fire, smoldering or heat source.

For an optimal spatial liquid discharge, it is advantageous if the outer diameter of the hollow body is 1.5 to 3 times the outer diameter of the tube section at the mouth of the liquid channel into the hollow body.

According to a further embodiment, the spray device is composed of a shorter first section, which comprises the spray head, and a longer second section, the sections being releasably connected to one another by a liquid-tight coupling. This separability opens up the possibility of combining one and the same pipe section, depending on the intended use, with spray heads of different sizes or with different designs or arrangements. The coupling used for this purpose is preferably of the same coupling type as the connection of the fire hose.

According to a further embodiment, the pipe section is composed of a straight main longitudinal section and a shorter connecting section between the main longitudinal section and the spray head, the pipe section running obliquely and / or offset parallel to the main longitudinal section on the shorter connecting section. The oblique orientation of the spray head relative to the main longitudinal extent of the spray device is advantageous in handling the spray device, for example when the spray head first has to be introduced from the outside into a room in which the source of the fire or heat is located.

The outlet openings are preferably not located directly in the jacket of the hollow body forming the spray head, but the outlet openings are located in separate nozzle housings. The nozzle housings are fastened in through openings in the hollow body. Each nozzle housing with an external thread formed thereon is preferably screwed into a corresponding internal thread at the through opening.

According to a further embodiment, each nozzle housing is provided with a collar which is radially widened compared to the external thread and with which the nozzle housing is supported against the outside of the hollow body. This radially expanded collar can be designed as a polygon to make it easier to attach a wrench during assembly.

A further embodiment proposes that there are two or more outlet openings in each nozzle housing, the emission directions of which diverge. For example, there may be three outlet openings in each nozzle housing, the three emission directions of which diverge from one another, e.g. B. together describe a pointed cone.

Fig. 1:

eine Gesamtansicht der Sprühvorrichtung, wobei ein Bereich des Rohrabschnitts aufgeschnitten wiedergegeben ist;

Fig. 2:

im Schnitt den Sprühkopf der Sprühvorrichtung, und

Fig.3:

in einem Ausschnitt einen Schnitt durch den Sprühkopf und ein darin verankertes Düsengehäuse mit Austrittsdüsen.

An embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the drawings. In it show:

Fig. 1:

an overall view of the spray device, wherein a portion of the pipe section is shown cut away;

Fig. 2:

on average the spray head of the spray device, and

Fig. 3:

in a cutout a section through the spray head and an anchored nozzle housing with outlet nozzles.

In the Fig. 1 reproduced spray device consists of a spray head 1, from which liquid can escape in almost all directions, and a one-piece or multi-part pipe section 2, which is firmly connected to the spray head 1. The pipe from which the pipe section 2 is made to be good for one person to be palpable by hand, of smaller diameter than the diameter of the preferably spherical spray head 1. Spray head 1 and pipe section 2 are made of metal.

The liquid passes through the pipe section 2 to the spray head 1, so that the liquid can emerge from a large number of outlet openings 5, with which the spray head 1 is distributed over its outer surface, under high pressure.

The pipe section 2 is provided at its end facing away from the spray head 1 with a connection 4 for coupling to a fire hose 6. The non-rigid fire hose 6 establishes the connection to a pump, not shown in the drawing. Liquid, for example fire-fighting liquid suitable for fire use, with or without chemical additives, is conveyed by the pump, passes through the fire hose 6 or possibly several fire hoses connected in series into the pipe section 2, flows through it along its entire length and thus reaches the inside of the pipe Spray head 1, from which the liquid then emerges in almost all directions.

Spray heads for the distribution of liquids in the context of fire fighting are known per se, e.g. B. from the DE 10 2014 102 438 A1 or the DE 20 2007 000 443 U1 . The particular advantage of the spray device described here lies in the connection of the spray head 1 to the slimmer pipe section 2, this pipe section 2 leading the liquid to the spray head 1, being rigid and of such length that the spray head 1 can be handled from a greater distance and e.g. B. align or place in a specific place. Is z. B. the pipe section 2 is gripped only in its rear area near the connection 4, the distance between the person acting in this way and the spray head 1 is approximately 3 meters. Such a distance, provided the spray head 1 is close to the heat source, already considerably reduces the radiant heat reaching the person.

For optimum handling of the unit consisting of spray head 1 and pipe section 2, the length of the pipe section 2, measured between the bayonet coupling 15 for connection to the non-rigid fire hose 6 and the mouth 32 of the liquid channel 12 into the interior of the spray head 1, is between 1000 mm and 4000 mm and preferably between 1500 mm and 3000 mm.

For good handling and graspability of the spraying device, the pipe section 2 should also not be too large in diameter. On the other hand, the diameter should not be too small either, since this reduces the cross-sectional area of the liquid channel 12 enclosed by the pipe section 2, and less liquid reaches the spray head 1 through the liquid channel 12 at the same pressure. This diameter is preferably 35 mm to 80 mm.

The pipe section 2 is preferably a round pipe over its predominant length and of such a diameter that the average cross-sectional area of the liquid channel 12 is between 1250 mm ² and 10000 mm ² , preferably between 1500 mm ² and 6500 mm ² . The pipe section 2 is preferably made of metal and is provided on the outside with a coating to increase the grip and to reduce the heat transfer.

According to Fig. 2 the outer diameter of the hollow body forming the spray head 1 is 1.5 to 3 times the outer diameter of the pipe section where the mouth 32 of the liquid channel 12 is located inside the hollow body.

The connection 4 for the fire hose 6 is composed of a bayonet coupling 15 on the pipe section 2 and the coupling counterpart 16 on the fire hose 6, which is also designed as a bayonet commercially available fire hoses are used, e.g. B. a so-called C-clutch. This makes the connection of the spraying device with the available liquid source easy and safe even for less trained forces.

The fire hose 6 is also of the conventional type. Its hose section consists of a pressure-resistant, flexible fabric material, which can be provided with a rubber coating on the inside as well as on the outside. The fabric material causes the hose section of the fire hose 6 to behave essentially slack when depressurized. The hose then assumes a flat, slit-shaped cross section, it has hardly any elasticity in bending and therefore behaves limp. Associated with this is the advantage that the fire hose 6 can be folded over its length in a zigzag manner or wound flat for transport purposes. It is therefore space-saving when not in use. The hose only assumes its circular cross-section when liquid pressure is fed in.

The bayonet coupling 15 can be locked by a rotation of no more than 90 ° with the counter coupling 16. In the locked position, the clutch can be secured against unintentional turning back by means of an additional pawl. Bayonet coupling 15 and coupling counterpart 16 are identical and would in principle be interchangeable. It therefore does not matter which of its ends the fire hose 6 is connected to the bayonet coupling 15 of the pipe section 2.

The bayonet elements include u. a. Bayonet hooks that are locked against the counter-coupling when the coupling is partially rotated. The turning takes place on a locking and unlocking ring which is easy to grasp by hand and which is likewise designed identically on the bayonet coupling 15 and the coupling counterpart 16.

In many situations, it is advantageous if the spray head is not yet working when approaching the place of use, i.e. if no liquid is leaking out. Therefore, the pipe section 2 has a locking device 20 for the optional locking or unlocking of the liquid channel 12. According to Fig. 1 the locking device 20 is arranged close to the connection 4, that is to say at the end of the pipe section 2 facing away from the spray head 1. The locking or unlocking therefore takes place where the distance from the actual place of use is greatest.

To block or release the liquid channel 12, the blocking device 20 has a valve which is rotatably mounted on an axis arranged transversely to the main longitudinal extent of the pipe section 2 and is actuated by a lever 21.

The lever 21 can be provided with an eyelet on which a tension element such. B. a rope is attached, which is guided towards the rear in the direction of the fire hose 6. By pulling the pulling element, after the spraying device has already been placed at the place of use, the valve of the blocking device 20 can be switched over so that the liquid channel 12 can only be subsequently released and from a greater and safer distance.

The spray device including the spray head 1 is composed of a shorter first section A1, which comprises the spray head 1, and a longer second section A2, which is formed by a straight tube. The spray device can thus be separated by connecting the two sections A1, A2 to a liquid-tight coupling 27 are releasably connected. The coupling 27 is preferably of the same coupling type as the connection 4 for connecting the fire hose.

Fig. 1 It can be seen that the tube section 2 is composed of a straight main longitudinal section 10 of greater length and a shorter connecting section 11 between the main longitudinal section 10 and the spray head 1. On the connecting section 11, the pipe section 2 runs obliquely compared to its course on the straight main longitudinal section 10. The kinked design of the pipe section improves the manageability of the spraying device, particularly when fighting fires and smoldering fires.

According to another embodiment, not shown on the drawing, the connecting section 11 can also run parallel to the main longitudinal section 10, z. B. by an S-shaped offset between the short connecting section 11 and the longer main longitudinal section 10th

The separability of the spray head coupling 27 can either, as in Fig. 1 reproduced, are located between the straight and the oblique section of the tube. Or the separation point is what's on the Fig. 1 is not shown, directly in front of the spray head 1 and thus between the inclined connecting section and the spray head.

The Figures 2 and 3 show details of the spray head 1. This is a hollow body 30 from the inside and outside largely spherical shape. The outlet openings 5 for the outlet of the liquid are preferably not located directly in the material of the hollow body 30, but on additional nozzle housings 40, which in turn are fastened in through openings in the hollow body 30. This attachment is carried out by screwing each nozzle housing 40 with an external thread 41 formed thereon into a corresponding internal thread at the through opening.

According to Fig. 3 each nozzle housing 40 is provided with a collar 44 which is radially widened with respect to the external thread 41. With the collar 44, the nozzle housing 40 is supported against the outside of the hollow body 30. It is advantageous if the radially expanded collar 44 is designed as a polygon 45 to make it easier to attach a wrench when screwing in the nozzle housing 40.

In order to achieve the largest possible number and spread of liquid jets, there are at least two and preferably three outlet openings 5 for the liquid in each nozzle housing 40, the jetting directions 51, 52 of which also diverge.

Overall, the spray head 1 achieves three-dimensional spraying, which takes place almost over 270 °. This also contributes to the fact that the hollow body 30, outside the mouth 32 of the liquid channel 12 into the interior of the hollow body 30, is exclusively spherical in shape. The outlet openings 5 are distributed over the spherical lateral surface, as a result of which liquid not only exits to the front and to the side, but also exits obliquely to the rear from some outlet openings 5, and an overall three-dimensional spray pattern is thus achieved.

Reference list

1

spray nozzle

2nd

Pipe section

4th

connection

5

Outlet opening

6

Fire hose

10th

Main longitudinal section

11

Connecting section

12th

Liquid channel

15

Bayonet coupling

16

Coupling counterpart

20

Locking device

21

lever

27

coupling

30th

Hollow body

32

muzzle

40

Nozzle housing

41

External thread

44

Federation

45

Polygon

51

Beam direction

52

Beam direction

A1

first section of the spray device

A2

second section of the spray device

Claims (16)

Spray device, preferably for fire fighting, with a spray head (1) and a pipe section (2) attached to it and enclosing a liquid channel (12), the spray head (1) being formed by a hollow body (30) into which the liquid channel (12 ) opens and which is provided with outlet openings (5) from such a direction of emission that liquid emerges three-dimensionally from the spray head (1), the pipe section (2) being designed as a rigid pipe and having an end at its end facing away from the spray head (1) Connection (4) for a fire hose (6) is provided, the connection (4) being a bayonet coupling (15) for the pressure-tight connection of the fire hose (6) provided with a corresponding coupling counterpart (16), and the pipe length of the pipe section (2 ) between the bayonet coupling (15) and the mouth (32) of the liquid channel (12) in the hollow body (30) is between 1000 mm and 4000 mm. Spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipe length of the pipe section (2) is between 1500 mm and 3000 mm. Spray device according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the average cross-sectional area of the liquid channel (12) is between 1250 mm ² and 10000 mm ² , preferably between 1500 mm ² and 6500 mm ² . Spray device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection (4) for the fire hose (6) is axially aligned with the main longitudinal extent of the pipe section (2). Spraying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pipe section (2) is provided with a locking device (20) for the optional locking or unlocking of the liquid channel (12). Spraying device according to claim 5, characterized in that the locking device (20) is arranged immediately after the bayonet coupling (15). Spraying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hollow body (30) outside the mouth (32) of the liquid channel (12) is exclusively spherical in shape, the outlet openings (5) being arranged distributed over the entire spherical surface. Spray device according to claim 7, characterized in that the outer diameter of the hollow body (30) is 1.5 to 3 times the diameter of the pipe section (2) at the mouth (32) of the liquid channel (12) into the hollow body (30). Spray device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it consists of a shorter first section (A1), which comprises the spray head (1), and a longer second section (A2), and that the sections (A1, A2) a fluid-tight coupling are releasably connected together. Spraying device according to claim 9, characterized in that the liquid-tight coupling is of the same coupling type as the connection (4) for connecting the fire hose (6). Spray device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pipe section (2) is composed of a straight main longitudinal section (10) and a connecting section (11) between the main longitudinal section (10) and the spray head (1), the pipe section (2 ) on the connecting section (11) obliquely and / or parallel to the main longitudinal section (10). Spraying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outlet openings (5) are located in nozzle housings (40), the nozzle housings (40) being fastened in through openings in the hollow body (30). Spraying device according to claim 12, characterized in that each nozzle housing (40) with an external thread (41) formed thereon is screwed into a corresponding internal thread at the through opening. Spray device according to Claim 13, characterized in that each nozzle housing (40) has a collar (44) which is radially widened with respect to the external thread (41). is provided with which the nozzle housing (40) is supported against the outside of the hollow body (30). Spraying device according to claim 14, characterized in that the radially widened collar (44), for attaching a wrench, is designed as a polygon (45). Spray device according to claims 12-15, characterized in that there are two or more outlet openings (5) in each nozzle housing (40), the emission directions (51, 52) of which diverge.

Images