EP3682441B1 - Sound-producing reed for wind instruments - Google Patents
Sound-producing reed for wind instruments Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3682441B1 EP3682441B1 EP18734209.2A EP18734209A EP3682441B1 EP 3682441 B1 EP3682441 B1 EP 3682441B1 EP 18734209 A EP18734209 A EP 18734209A EP 3682441 B1 EP3682441 B1 EP 3682441B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sound
- fiber
- polymer compound
- producing reed
- reed
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- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 38
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920006344 thermoplastic copolyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 244000273256 Phragmites communis Species 0.000 description 9
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001494508 Arundo donax Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000965 Duroplast Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004638 Duroplast Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- QXJJQWWVWRCVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;sodium;phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QXJJQWWVWRCVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005026 oriented polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005594 polymer fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10D7/00—General design of wind musical instruments
- G10D7/06—Beating-reed wind instruments, e.g. single or double reed wind instruments
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10D9/00—Details of, or accessories for, wind musical instruments
- G10D9/02—Mouthpieces; Reeds; Ligatures
- G10D9/035—Reeds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10D9/00—Details of, or accessories for, wind musical instruments
- G10D9/08—Material for manufacturing wind musical instruments; Treatment of the material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10D7/00—General design of wind musical instruments
- G10D7/06—Beating-reed wind instruments, e.g. single or double reed wind instruments
- G10D7/066—Clarinets
Definitions
- the invention relates to a sound-producing reed made of fiber composite materials for wind instruments, the fiber composite material being a fiber-reinforced polymer compound, according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Wind instruments such as the clarinet or the saxophone have a beak-shaped blowing device that is made up of a reed and a mouthpiece.
- the reed is the actual tone generator and is attached to the mouthpiece.
- the air flow blown into the instrument by the musician causes the reed attached to the mouthpiece to vibrate, causing an oscillation in the instrument's air column. With the lower lip and airflow, the player controls the vibration of the reed, affecting both the tone and intonation.
- the execution of the reed is therefore of crucial importance for the quality of the sound of the instrument. It is mostly made of reed wood (pile wood, Arundo donax) .
- the tissue of the Arundo donax consists of longitudinal capillary tubes ("xylemes").
- the xylems are embedded and interconnected in a soft, foam-like mass.
- the tissue structure of the wood is responsible for the flexibility and the vibration behavior.
- the disadvantages of using a natural material are material inhomogeneity and material fatigue during processing, which entails variable quality in production and use. Although efforts are being made to manufacture reeds from plastics, it has not yet been possible to satisfactorily imitate the timbre of a reed made from a natural material.
- a clarinet reed made of a duroplast in particular an oriented polypropylene or polyethylene, which is produced via an extrusion process becomes. Hollow spheres can be added to the duroplastic polymer matrix. After hardening, the clarinet reed has to be cut or milled accordingly, so that production is complex and expensive and exact reproducibility can hardly be guaranteed. In addition, the playing characteristics of the blade are very poor.
- a plastic sheet in which fibers made of a thermoplastic polymer are embedded in a polymer matrix made of a thermoplastic.
- Polyolefins are mentioned as an example.
- the polymer fibers are designed as continuous fibers that run in the longitudinal direction of the blade.
- the melting point of the fibers is selected to be higher than that of the polymer matrix, with the temperature being above the melting point of the polymer matrix but below the melting point of the fibers during the heating required during manufacture.
- the fibers can thus be embedded in the molten polymer matrix. After hardening, the clarinet reed must again be cut or milled accordingly. The production is therefore complex and cost-intensive, and exact reproducibility is hardly possible.
- Plastic reeds have therefore hardly been used to date, particularly in the professional field.
- the aim of the present invention is to avoid the disadvantages of using a natural material for the blade of wind instruments while maintaining the advantages in terms of playability and timbre. In particular, a high level of qualitative reproducibility during production and use should be guaranteed.
- Claim 1 relates to a tone-producing reed made of fiber composite materials for wind instruments, the fiber composite material being a fiber-reinforced polymer compound.
- the polymer compound comprises a thermoplastic elastomer to which hollow microspheres are added.
- the thermoplastic elastomer can be a thermoplastic copolyester (TPC) or a thermoplastic elastomer based on urethane (TPU).
- thermoplastic elastomers When using thermoplastic elastomers, it has been shown that the sheets according to the invention have excellent fatigue strength and the creep and relaxation resistance required for use in the professional field in particular. Thermoplastic elastomers are also easy to process and are therefore particularly suitable for injection molding processes, so that rapid manufacturability at comparatively low costs and high reproducibility can be ensured. It has also been shown that thermoplastic elastomers allow hollow microspheres to be added. The hollow microspheres serve to reduce the density of the polymer compound, but they are also very fragile and require careful processing.
- thermoplastic elastomers can also offer low enough viscosity to meet the requirements of the Invention intended amount of hollow microspheres can be added without the density-reducing property of the hollow microspheres being lost, or the mechanical properties of the sheet relevant to the playing behavior being impaired.
- the fibers can be carbon fibers, preferably short fibers with fiber lengths of 0.1-1 mm, the fiber content of the fiber-reinforced polymer compound preferably being in a range of 10-20 percent by weight, for example 15 percent by weight.
- the use of short fibers does not affect the processability of the polymer compound using injection molding processes. Although a slight orientation of the short fibers is brought about during processing via injection molding, one can still speak of an essentially isotropic distribution of the short fibers in the cured polymer compound.
- the hollow microspheres can be hollow glass microspheres, for example, with the fiber-reinforced polymer compound preferably having 40-60 percent by volume hollow microspheres, for example 50 percent by volume hollow microspheres. Furthermore, additives such as adhesion promoters (compatibilizers) can also be added.
- the fiber-reinforced polymer compound preferably has a density of 0.90 ⁇ 10 3 -0.92 ⁇ 10 3 kg/m 3 (0.90-0.92 g/cm 3 ).
- the plastic reed according to the invention proves to be technically superior to all currently available plastic reeds and has a balanced ratio of stiffness, density and damping similar to wood in order to achieve clear tones and easy playing both softly and loudly.
- Hollow microspheres are mostly made of low-alkaline borosilicate glass and are chemically inert and water-insoluble. This filler is characterized by a low nominal density and high compressive strength.
- the diameters of these hollow microspheres are in the micrometer range and are generally between 10 and 110 ⁇ m are mostly available in a size distribution in this range.
- the timbre of the plastic reed according to the invention not only resembles that of the reeds currently used, but is even capable of reproducing the characteristically dark, soft timbre of the "Viennese sound" in terms of its sound quality, so that for the professional musician there is no difference between a conventional Reed and the plastic sheet according to the invention is more recognizable.
- the proposed polymer compound is also suitable for producing the plastic blade according to the invention in an injection molding process, which means that good batch consistency, ie high quality reproducibility, can be ensured in production.
- the plastic sheet is also very durable and does not change its properties, especially during the game. In its physical properties in terms of stiffness and density, it has properties similar to those of currently used natural materials, such as a modulus of elasticity of 6,000-9,000 MPa and a density of around 0.90 ⁇ 10 3 kg/m 3 (0.90 g/cm 3 ).
- the timbre of a reed and its vibration behavior during play is a complex interplay of a wealth of material properties, so it was very surprising that the timbre of the plastic reed according to the invention not only resembles the reeds currently used, but even reproduces the sound quality of conventional reeds .
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein tonerzeugendes Blatt aus Faserverbundwerkstoffen für Blasinstrumente, wobei es sich bei dem Faserverbundwerkstoff um ein faserverstärktes Polymercompound handelt, gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a sound-producing reed made of fiber composite materials for wind instruments, the fiber composite material being a fiber-reinforced polymer compound, according to the preamble of claim 1.
Blasinstrumente wie die Klarinette oder das Saxophon weisen eine schnabelförmige Anblasvorrichtung auf, die aus einem Blatt und einem Mundstück gebildet wird. Das Blatt ist der eigentliche Tonerzeuger und wird am Mundstück befestigt. Durch den Luftstrom, der vom Musiker in das Instrument geblasen wird, beginnt das am Mundstück befestigte Blatt zu vibrieren, wodurch eine Schwingung in der Luftsäule des Instruments entsteht. Mit der Unterlippe und dem Luftstrom kontrolliert der Spieler die Vibration des Blatts, wodurch er sowohl den Klang als auch die Intonation beeinflusst. Die Ausführung des Blatts ist somit von entscheidender Bedeutung für die Qualität des Klanges des Instruments. Es ist zumeist aus einem Rohrholz (Pfahlholz, Arundo donax) gefertigt. Das Gewebe des Arundo donax besteht aus längs verlaufenden Kapillarröhrchen ("Xyleme"). Die Xyleme sind in einer weichen, schaumartigen Masse eingebettet und miteinander verbunden. Die Gewebestruktur des Holzes ist für die Flexibilität und das Schwingungsverhalten verantwortlich. Die Nachteile bei der Verwendung eines Naturwerkstoffes sind Materialinhomogenität und Materialermüdung bei der Verarbeitung, was eine variable Qualität bei der Herstellung und Benutzung mit sich bringt. Es gibt zwar Bestrebungen zur Fertigung von Blättern aus Kunststoffen, allerdings gelang es bislang nicht die Klangfarbe eines aus einem Naturwerkstoff gefertigten Blattes in befriedigender Weise nachzuahmen.Wind instruments such as the clarinet or the saxophone have a beak-shaped blowing device that is made up of a reed and a mouthpiece. The reed is the actual tone generator and is attached to the mouthpiece. The air flow blown into the instrument by the musician causes the reed attached to the mouthpiece to vibrate, causing an oscillation in the instrument's air column. With the lower lip and airflow, the player controls the vibration of the reed, affecting both the tone and intonation. The execution of the reed is therefore of crucial importance for the quality of the sound of the instrument. It is mostly made of reed wood (pile wood, Arundo donax) . The tissue of the Arundo donax consists of longitudinal capillary tubes ("xylemes"). The xylems are embedded and interconnected in a soft, foam-like mass. The tissue structure of the wood is responsible for the flexibility and the vibration behavior. The disadvantages of using a natural material are material inhomogeneity and material fatigue during processing, which entails variable quality in production and use. Although efforts are being made to manufacture reeds from plastics, it has not yet been possible to satisfactorily imitate the timbre of a reed made from a natural material.
In der gattungsgemäßen
In der
Aus der
Bekannte Herstellungsverfahren ergeben zudem Kunststoff-Blätter mit groben Mängeln wie stark variierendes, chargenabhängiges Spielverhalten oder generell schlechte Spielbarkeit. Insbesondere im professionellen Bereich finden daher Kunststoff-Blätter bislang kaum Einsatz. Das gilt besonders für das deutsche Klarinettensystem mit seiner vom französischen Klarinettensystem unterschiedlichen Mundstückbahn, bei der das Blatt mit mehr Masse aber kleinerer Amplitude schwingt und so auch die charakteristische und als "Wiener Klang" bezeichnete Klangfarbe der "Wiener Klarinette" erzeugt. Diese Klangfarbe mit vergleichsweise dunklerem, weicherem Klang verleiht österreichischen Orchestern - neben anderen Wiener Instrumenten wie der Wiener Oboe, dem WienerKnown manufacturing processes also result in plastic reeds with serious defects such as greatly varying, batch-dependent playing behavior or generally poor playability. Plastic reeds have therefore hardly been used to date, particularly in the professional field. This applies in particular to the German clarinet system with its different mouthpiece track from the French clarinet system, in which the reed vibrates with more mass but less amplitude and thus also produces the characteristic timbre of the "Viennese clarinet" known as the "Viennese sound". This timbre with a comparatively darker, softer sound gives Austrian orchestras - in addition to other Viennese instruments such as the Viennese oboe, the Viennese
Horn, der Wiener Pauke oder dem Wiener Schlagwerk - ihren typischen Wiener Klangstil. Eine zufriedenstellende Reproduktion dieser mit Blättern aus Naturwerkstoffen erzielten Klangfarbe und ihren Oberton-Charakteristiken mit einem synthetischen Kunststoff-Blatt schien bislang nicht möglich.horn, the Viennese timpani or the Viennese percussion - their typical Viennese sound style. A satisfactory reproduction of this timbre achieved with reeds made of natural materials and its overtone characteristics with a synthetic plastic reed did not seem possible until now.
Das Ziel der gegenständlichen Erfindung besteht nun darin die Nachteile der Verwendung eines Naturwerkstoffes für das Blatt von Blasinstrumenten zu vermeiden und gleichzeitig die Vorzüge hinsichtlich Spielbarkeit und Klangfarbe beizubehalten. Insbesondere soll eine hohe qualitative Reproduzierbarkeit bei Herstellung und Gebrauch gewährleistet sein.The aim of the present invention is to avoid the disadvantages of using a natural material for the blade of wind instruments while maintaining the advantages in terms of playability and timbre. In particular, a high level of qualitative reproducibility during production and use should be guaranteed.
Diese Ziele werden durch die Merkmale von Anspruch 1 erreicht. Anspruch 1 bezieht sich auf ein tonerzeugendes Blatt aus Faserverbundwerkstoffen für Blasinstrumente, wobei es sich bei dem Faserverbundwerkstoff um ein faserverstärktes Polymercompound handelt. Erfindungsgemäß wird hierbei vorgeschlagen, dass das Polymercompound ein thermoplastisches Elastomer umfasst, dem Mikrohohlkugeln beigemengt sind. Bei dem thermoplastischen Elastomer kann es sich etwa um ein thermoplastisches Copolyester (TPC) oder um ein thermoplastisches Elastomer auf Urethanbasis (TPU) handeln.These aims are achieved by the features of claim 1. Claim 1 relates to a tone-producing reed made of fiber composite materials for wind instruments, the fiber composite material being a fiber-reinforced polymer compound. According to the invention, it is proposed here that the polymer compound comprises a thermoplastic elastomer to which hollow microspheres are added. The thermoplastic elastomer can be a thermoplastic copolyester (TPC) or a thermoplastic elastomer based on urethane (TPU).
Bei der Verwendung thermoplastischer Elastomere hat sich gezeigt, dass die erfindungsgemäßen Blätter über eine ausgezeichnete Ermüdungsfestigkeit verfügen, sowie die für einen Einsatz vor allem im professionellen Bereich erforderliche Kriech- und Relaxationsfestigkeit aufweisen. Thermoplastische Elastomere sind zudem leicht zu verarbeiten und eignen sich daher insbesondere für Spritzgussverfahren, sodass eine rasche Herstellbarkeit bei vergleichsweise geringen Kosten und eine hohe Reproduzierbarkeit sichergestellt werden können. Es hat sich zudem gezeigt, dass thermoplastische Elastomere eine Beimengung von Mikrohohlkugeln erlauben. Die Mikrohohlkugeln dienen einer Verringerung der Dichte des Polymercompounds, sind aber auch sehr fragil und bedürfen einer vorsichtigen Verarbeitung. Ausgewählte thermoplastische Elastomere können außerdem eine ausreichend niedrige Viskosität bieten, um die im Rahmen der Erfindung vorgesehene Menge an Mikrohohlkugeln beimengen zu können, ohne dass die dichteverringernde Eigenschaft der Mikrohohlkugeln verloren geht, oder die für das Spielverhalten relevanten mechanischen Eigenschaften des Blattes beeinträchtigt werden.When using thermoplastic elastomers, it has been shown that the sheets according to the invention have excellent fatigue strength and the creep and relaxation resistance required for use in the professional field in particular. Thermoplastic elastomers are also easy to process and are therefore particularly suitable for injection molding processes, so that rapid manufacturability at comparatively low costs and high reproducibility can be ensured. It has also been shown that thermoplastic elastomers allow hollow microspheres to be added. The hollow microspheres serve to reduce the density of the polymer compound, but they are also very fragile and require careful processing. Selected thermoplastic elastomers can also offer low enough viscosity to meet the requirements of the Invention intended amount of hollow microspheres can be added without the density-reducing property of the hollow microspheres being lost, or the mechanical properties of the sheet relevant to the playing behavior being impaired.
Bei den Fasern kann es sich etwa um Kohlefasern handeln, vorzugsweise um Kurzfasern mit Faserlängen von 0.1-1 mm, wobei der Fasergehalt des faserverstärkten Polymercompound bevorzugt in einem Bereich von 10-20 Gewichtsprozent, beispielsweise bei 15 Gewichtsprozent, liegt. Bei der Verwendung von Kurzfasern wird die Verarbeitbarkeit des Polymercompounds mithilfe von Spritzgussverfahren nicht beeinträchtigt. Dabei wird im Rahmen der Verarbeitung über Spritzguss zwar eine geringfügige Ausrichtung der Kurzfasern bewirkt, es kann aber dennoch von einer im Wesentlichen isotropen Verteilung der Kurzfasern im ausgehärteten Polymercompound gesprochen werden.The fibers can be carbon fibers, preferably short fibers with fiber lengths of 0.1-1 mm, the fiber content of the fiber-reinforced polymer compound preferably being in a range of 10-20 percent by weight, for example 15 percent by weight. The use of short fibers does not affect the processability of the polymer compound using injection molding processes. Although a slight orientation of the short fibers is brought about during processing via injection molding, one can still speak of an essentially isotropic distribution of the short fibers in the cured polymer compound.
Bei den Mikrohohlkugeln kann es sich etwa um Glasmikrohohlkugeln handeln, wobei das faserverstärkte Polymercompound vorzugsweise 40-60 Volums-Prozent Mikrohohlkugeln aufweist, beispielsweise 50 Volums-Prozent Mikrohohlkugeln. Des Weiteren können noch Zusatzstoffe wie Haftvermittler (Compatibilizer) beigemengt sein. Das faserverstärkte Polymercompound weist vorzugsweise eine Dichte von 0.90·103 - 0.92·103 kg/m3 (0.90 - 0.92 g/cm3 ) auf. Das erfindungsgemäße Kunststoff-Blatt erweist sich spieltechnisch allen derzeit verfügbaren Kunststoffblättern überlegen und weist ein dem Holz ähnliches, ausgewogenes Verhältnis von Steifigkeit, Dichte und Dämpfung auf, um klare Töne sowie ein leichtes Anspielen sowohl bei leisem als auch lautem Spiel zu erzielen. Diese Eigenschaften werden durch die Beimengung von Mikrohohlkugeln, insbesondere aus Glas, erzielt. Glashohlkugeln werden zumeist aus alkaliarmen Borosilikatglas gefertigt und sind chemisch inert und wasserunlöslich. Dieser Füllstoff zeichnet sich durch eine geringe Nenndichte und eine hohe Druckfestigkeit aus. Die Durchmesser dieser Mikrohohlkugeln liegen im Mikrometerbereich und betragen in der Regel zwischen 10 und 110 µm, wobei sie zumeist in einer Größenverteilung in diesem Bereich verfügbar sind.The hollow microspheres can be hollow glass microspheres, for example, with the fiber-reinforced polymer compound preferably having 40-60 percent by volume hollow microspheres, for example 50 percent by volume hollow microspheres. Furthermore, additives such as adhesion promoters (compatibilizers) can also be added. The fiber-reinforced polymer compound preferably has a density of 0.90×10 3 -0.92×10 3 kg/m 3 (0.90-0.92 g/cm 3 ). The plastic reed according to the invention proves to be technically superior to all currently available plastic reeds and has a balanced ratio of stiffness, density and damping similar to wood in order to achieve clear tones and easy playing both softly and loudly. These properties are achieved by adding hollow microspheres, in particular made of glass. Hollow glass spheres are mostly made of low-alkaline borosilicate glass and are chemically inert and water-insoluble. This filler is characterized by a low nominal density and high compressive strength. The diameters of these hollow microspheres are in the micrometer range and are generally between 10 and 110 μm are mostly available in a size distribution in this range.
Das erfindungsgemäße Kunststoff-Blatt ähnelt in seiner Klangfarbe nicht nur jener von derzeit verwendeten Rohrblättern, sondern ist sogar in der Lage in seiner Klangqualität die charakteristisch dunkle, weiche Klangfarbe des "Wiener Klangs" zu reproduzieren, sodass für den professionellen Musiker kein Unterschied zwischen einem herkömmlichen Rohrblatt und dem erfindungsgemäßen Kunststoff-Blatt mehr erkennbar ist.The timbre of the plastic reed according to the invention not only resembles that of the reeds currently used, but is even capable of reproducing the characteristically dark, soft timbre of the "Viennese sound" in terms of its sound quality, so that for the professional musician there is no difference between a conventional Reed and the plastic sheet according to the invention is more recognizable.
Das vorgeschlagene Polymercompound eignet sich auch für eine Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Kunststoff-Blattes im Spritzgussverfahren, wodurch in der Herstellung eine gute Chargenkonstanz, also eine hohe qualitative Reproduzierbarkeit sichergestellt werden kann. Das Kunststoff-Blatt ist darüber hinaus sehr beständig und ändert seine Eigenschaften insbesondere auch während des Spieles nicht. In seinen physikalischen Eigenschaften hinsichtlich Steifigkeit und Dichte weist es ähnliche Eigenschaften wie derzeit verwendete Naturwerkstoffe auf, etwa einen Elastizitätsmodul von 6.000-9.000 MPa und eine Dichte von etwa 0.90·103 kg/m3 (0.90 g/ cm3 ). Freilich ist die Klangfarbe eines Blattes und sein Schwingungsverhalten während des Spiels ein komplexes Zusammenspiel von einer Fülle von Materialeigenschaften, sodass es sehr überraschend war, dass das erfindungsgemäße Kunststoff-Blatt in seiner Klangfarbe derzeit verwendete Rohrblätter nicht nur ähnelt, sondern die Klangqualität herkömmlicher Rohrblätter sogar reproduziert.The proposed polymer compound is also suitable for producing the plastic blade according to the invention in an injection molding process, which means that good batch consistency, ie high quality reproducibility, can be ensured in production. The plastic sheet is also very durable and does not change its properties, especially during the game. In its physical properties in terms of stiffness and density, it has properties similar to those of currently used natural materials, such as a modulus of elasticity of 6,000-9,000 MPa and a density of around 0.90·10 3 kg/m 3 (0.90 g/cm 3 ). Of course, the timbre of a reed and its vibration behavior during play is a complex interplay of a wealth of material properties, so it was very surprising that the timbre of the plastic reed according to the invention not only resembles the reeds currently used, but even reproduces the sound quality of conventional reeds .
Claims (9)
- Sound-producing reed made of fiber-reinforced composite materials for wind instruments, wherein the fiber-reinforced composite material is a fiber-reinforced polymer compound, characterized in that the polymer compound comprises a thermoplastic elastomer having hollow microspheres admixed therein.
- Sound-producing reed according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermoplastic elastomer is a thermoplastic copolyester (TPC) or a urethane-based thermoplastic elastomer (TPU).
- Sound-producing reed according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fibers are carbon fibers.
- Sound-producing reed according to claim 3, characterized in that the fibers are short fibers with fiber lengths of 0.1-1 mm.
- Sound-producing reed according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the fiber content of the fiber-reinforced polymer compound is in a range of 10-20% by weight.
- Sound-producing reed according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the hollow microspheres are hollow glass microspheres.
- Sound-producing reed according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the fiber-reinforced polymer compound comprises 40-60% by volume hollow microspheres.
- Sound-producing reed according to claim 7, characterized in that the fiber-reinforced polymer compound comprises 50% by volume hollow microspheres.
- Sound-producing reed according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the fiber-reinforced polymer compound has a density of 0.90·103-0.92·103 kg/m3 (0.90-0.92 g/cm3).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ATA50759/2017A AT520395A1 (en) | 2017-09-12 | 2017-09-12 | Sound-generating sheet for wind instruments |
PCT/EP2018/067078 WO2019052702A1 (en) | 2017-09-12 | 2018-06-26 | Sound-producing reed for wind instruments |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3682441A1 EP3682441A1 (en) | 2020-07-22 |
EP3682441B1 true EP3682441B1 (en) | 2022-10-12 |
Family
ID=62748994
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18734209.2A Active EP3682441B1 (en) | 2017-09-12 | 2018-06-26 | Sound-producing reed for wind instruments |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3682441B1 (en) |
AT (1) | AT520395A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2019052702A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102020007172B3 (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2021-06-24 | Leitner & Kraus Gmbh | Sound-producing reed for a wind instrument |
AT525723A1 (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2023-06-15 | Maxton Gmbh | SOUND GENERATING REED FOR WIND INSTRUMENTS |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3759132A (en) * | 1972-11-06 | 1973-09-18 | Univ Southern California | Composite woodwind reed |
US4355560A (en) * | 1979-06-12 | 1982-10-26 | Shaffer David W | Reed construction |
US4337683A (en) * | 1980-07-22 | 1982-07-06 | Backus John G | Synthetic woodwind instrument reed and method for its manufacture |
DE8904968U1 (en) * | 1989-04-20 | 1989-10-12 | Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt eV, 53175 Bonn | Tone-generating reed for wind instruments |
JP2008197450A (en) * | 2007-02-14 | 2008-08-28 | Daicel Polymer Ltd | Resin composition for woodwind musical instrument reed |
US7902443B2 (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2011-03-08 | Guy Legere | Oriented polymer reeds for woodwind instruments |
FR3025922B1 (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2019-06-21 | Varlepic Participations | COMPOSITE REED |
-
2017
- 2017-09-12 AT ATA50759/2017A patent/AT520395A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2018
- 2018-06-26 WO PCT/EP2018/067078 patent/WO2019052702A1/en unknown
- 2018-06-26 EP EP18734209.2A patent/EP3682441B1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2019052702A1 (en) | 2019-03-21 |
AT520395A1 (en) | 2019-03-15 |
EP3682441A1 (en) | 2020-07-22 |
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