EP3682441B1 - Lamelle génératrice de son pour instruments à vent - Google Patents

Lamelle génératrice de son pour instruments à vent Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3682441B1
EP3682441B1 EP18734209.2A EP18734209A EP3682441B1 EP 3682441 B1 EP3682441 B1 EP 3682441B1 EP 18734209 A EP18734209 A EP 18734209A EP 3682441 B1 EP3682441 B1 EP 3682441B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sound
fiber
polymer compound
producing reed
reed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18734209.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3682441A1 (fr
Inventor
Martin FLUCH
Heinz HAIDER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maxton GmbH
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Maxton GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Maxton GmbH filed Critical Maxton GmbH
Publication of EP3682441A1 publication Critical patent/EP3682441A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D7/00—General design of wind musical instruments
    • G10D7/06—Beating-reed wind instruments, e.g. single or double reed wind instruments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D9/00—Details of, or accessories for, wind musical instruments
    • G10D9/02—Mouthpieces; Reeds; Ligatures
    • G10D9/035—Reeds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D9/00—Details of, or accessories for, wind musical instruments
    • G10D9/08—Material for manufacturing wind musical instruments; Treatment of the material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D7/00—General design of wind musical instruments
    • G10D7/06—Beating-reed wind instruments, e.g. single or double reed wind instruments
    • G10D7/066—Clarinets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sound-producing reed made of fiber composite materials for wind instruments, the fiber composite material being a fiber-reinforced polymer compound, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Wind instruments such as the clarinet or the saxophone have a beak-shaped blowing device that is made up of a reed and a mouthpiece.
  • the reed is the actual tone generator and is attached to the mouthpiece.
  • the air flow blown into the instrument by the musician causes the reed attached to the mouthpiece to vibrate, causing an oscillation in the instrument's air column. With the lower lip and airflow, the player controls the vibration of the reed, affecting both the tone and intonation.
  • the execution of the reed is therefore of crucial importance for the quality of the sound of the instrument. It is mostly made of reed wood (pile wood, Arundo donax) .
  • the tissue of the Arundo donax consists of longitudinal capillary tubes ("xylemes").
  • the xylems are embedded and interconnected in a soft, foam-like mass.
  • the tissue structure of the wood is responsible for the flexibility and the vibration behavior.
  • the disadvantages of using a natural material are material inhomogeneity and material fatigue during processing, which entails variable quality in production and use. Although efforts are being made to manufacture reeds from plastics, it has not yet been possible to satisfactorily imitate the timbre of a reed made from a natural material.
  • a clarinet reed made of a duroplast in particular an oriented polypropylene or polyethylene, which is produced via an extrusion process becomes. Hollow spheres can be added to the duroplastic polymer matrix. After hardening, the clarinet reed has to be cut or milled accordingly, so that production is complex and expensive and exact reproducibility can hardly be guaranteed. In addition, the playing characteristics of the blade are very poor.
  • a plastic sheet in which fibers made of a thermoplastic polymer are embedded in a polymer matrix made of a thermoplastic.
  • Polyolefins are mentioned as an example.
  • the polymer fibers are designed as continuous fibers that run in the longitudinal direction of the blade.
  • the melting point of the fibers is selected to be higher than that of the polymer matrix, with the temperature being above the melting point of the polymer matrix but below the melting point of the fibers during the heating required during manufacture.
  • the fibers can thus be embedded in the molten polymer matrix. After hardening, the clarinet reed must again be cut or milled accordingly. The production is therefore complex and cost-intensive, and exact reproducibility is hardly possible.
  • Plastic reeds have therefore hardly been used to date, particularly in the professional field.
  • the aim of the present invention is to avoid the disadvantages of using a natural material for the blade of wind instruments while maintaining the advantages in terms of playability and timbre. In particular, a high level of qualitative reproducibility during production and use should be guaranteed.
  • Claim 1 relates to a tone-producing reed made of fiber composite materials for wind instruments, the fiber composite material being a fiber-reinforced polymer compound.
  • the polymer compound comprises a thermoplastic elastomer to which hollow microspheres are added.
  • the thermoplastic elastomer can be a thermoplastic copolyester (TPC) or a thermoplastic elastomer based on urethane (TPU).
  • thermoplastic elastomers When using thermoplastic elastomers, it has been shown that the sheets according to the invention have excellent fatigue strength and the creep and relaxation resistance required for use in the professional field in particular. Thermoplastic elastomers are also easy to process and are therefore particularly suitable for injection molding processes, so that rapid manufacturability at comparatively low costs and high reproducibility can be ensured. It has also been shown that thermoplastic elastomers allow hollow microspheres to be added. The hollow microspheres serve to reduce the density of the polymer compound, but they are also very fragile and require careful processing.
  • thermoplastic elastomers can also offer low enough viscosity to meet the requirements of the Invention intended amount of hollow microspheres can be added without the density-reducing property of the hollow microspheres being lost, or the mechanical properties of the sheet relevant to the playing behavior being impaired.
  • the fibers can be carbon fibers, preferably short fibers with fiber lengths of 0.1-1 mm, the fiber content of the fiber-reinforced polymer compound preferably being in a range of 10-20 percent by weight, for example 15 percent by weight.
  • the use of short fibers does not affect the processability of the polymer compound using injection molding processes. Although a slight orientation of the short fibers is brought about during processing via injection molding, one can still speak of an essentially isotropic distribution of the short fibers in the cured polymer compound.
  • the hollow microspheres can be hollow glass microspheres, for example, with the fiber-reinforced polymer compound preferably having 40-60 percent by volume hollow microspheres, for example 50 percent by volume hollow microspheres. Furthermore, additives such as adhesion promoters (compatibilizers) can also be added.
  • the fiber-reinforced polymer compound preferably has a density of 0.90 ⁇ 10 3 -0.92 ⁇ 10 3 kg/m 3 (0.90-0.92 g/cm 3 ).
  • the plastic reed according to the invention proves to be technically superior to all currently available plastic reeds and has a balanced ratio of stiffness, density and damping similar to wood in order to achieve clear tones and easy playing both softly and loudly.
  • Hollow microspheres are mostly made of low-alkaline borosilicate glass and are chemically inert and water-insoluble. This filler is characterized by a low nominal density and high compressive strength.
  • the diameters of these hollow microspheres are in the micrometer range and are generally between 10 and 110 ⁇ m are mostly available in a size distribution in this range.
  • the timbre of the plastic reed according to the invention not only resembles that of the reeds currently used, but is even capable of reproducing the characteristically dark, soft timbre of the "Viennese sound" in terms of its sound quality, so that for the professional musician there is no difference between a conventional Reed and the plastic sheet according to the invention is more recognizable.
  • the proposed polymer compound is also suitable for producing the plastic blade according to the invention in an injection molding process, which means that good batch consistency, ie high quality reproducibility, can be ensured in production.
  • the plastic sheet is also very durable and does not change its properties, especially during the game. In its physical properties in terms of stiffness and density, it has properties similar to those of currently used natural materials, such as a modulus of elasticity of 6,000-9,000 MPa and a density of around 0.90 ⁇ 10 3 kg/m 3 (0.90 g/cm 3 ).
  • the timbre of a reed and its vibration behavior during play is a complex interplay of a wealth of material properties, so it was very surprising that the timbre of the plastic reed according to the invention not only resembles the reeds currently used, but even reproduces the sound quality of conventional reeds .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Anche en matériaux composites contenant des fibres pour instruments à vent, dans laquelle le matériau composite contenant des fibres est un composé polymère armé de fibres, caractérisée en ce que le composé polymère contient un élastomère thermoplastique additionné de microbilles creuses.
  2. Anche selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'élastomère thermoplastique est un copolyester thermoplastique (TPC) ou un élastomère thermoplastique à base d'uréthane (TPU).
  3. Anche selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que les fibres sont des fibres de carbone.
  4. Anche selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que les fibres sont des fibres courtes, d'une longueur de 0,1 à 1 mm.
  5. Anche selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que la teneur en fibres du composé polymère armé de fibres se situe entre 10 % et 20 % en poids.
  6. Anche selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que les microbilles creuses sont des microbilles creuses en verre.
  7. Anche selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que le composé polymère armé de fibres contient 40 % à 60 % en volume de microbilles creuses.
  8. Anche selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que le composé polymère armé de fibres contient 50 % en volume de microbilles creuses.
  9. Anche selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que le composé polymère armé de fibres présente une masse volumique de 0,9 × 103 à 0,92 × 103 kg/m3 (0,90 à 0,92 g/cm3).
EP18734209.2A 2017-09-12 2018-06-26 Lamelle génératrice de son pour instruments à vent Active EP3682441B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA50759/2017A AT520395A1 (de) 2017-09-12 2017-09-12 Tonerzeugendes Blatt für Blasinstrumente
PCT/EP2018/067078 WO2019052702A1 (fr) 2017-09-12 2018-06-26 Lamelle génératrice de son pour instruments à vent

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3682441A1 EP3682441A1 (fr) 2020-07-22
EP3682441B1 true EP3682441B1 (fr) 2022-10-12

Family

ID=62748994

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18734209.2A Active EP3682441B1 (fr) 2017-09-12 2018-06-26 Lamelle génératrice de son pour instruments à vent

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3682441B1 (fr)
AT (1) AT520395A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019052702A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020007172B3 (de) 2020-11-24 2021-06-24 Leitner & Kraus Gmbh Tonerzeugendes Blatt für ein Blasinstrument
AT525723A1 (de) * 2021-11-30 2023-06-15 Maxton Gmbh Tonerzeugendes blatt für blasinstrumente

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3759132A (en) * 1972-11-06 1973-09-18 Univ Southern California Composite woodwind reed
US4355560A (en) * 1979-06-12 1982-10-26 Shaffer David W Reed construction
US4337683A (en) * 1980-07-22 1982-07-06 Backus John G Synthetic woodwind instrument reed and method for its manufacture
DE8904968U1 (de) * 1989-04-20 1989-10-12 Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt eV, 53175 Bonn Tonerregendes Blatt für Blasinstrumente
JP2008197450A (ja) * 2007-02-14 2008-08-28 Daicel Polymer Ltd 木管楽器リード用樹脂組成物
US7902443B2 (en) * 2008-06-04 2011-03-08 Guy Legere Oriented polymer reeds for woodwind instruments
FR3025922B1 (fr) * 2014-09-16 2019-06-21 Varlepic Participations Anche composite

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2019052702A1 (fr) 2019-03-21
EP3682441A1 (fr) 2020-07-22
AT520395A1 (de) 2019-03-15

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