Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
  • H02K11/04—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for rectification
  • H02K11/049—Rectifiers associated with stationary parts, e.g. stator cores
  • H02K11/05—Rectifiers associated with casings, enclosures or brackets
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
  • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
  • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
  • H02K5/06—Cast metal casings
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
  • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
  • H02K5/18—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with ribs or fins for improving heat transfer

Definitions

• the invention particularly relates to a rotating electrical machine having a holding of the electronic assembly on the simplified housing.
• a reversible machine is a rotating electrical machine able to work in a reversible manner, on the one hand, as an electric generator in alternator function and, on the other hand, as an electric motor for example to start the engine of the motor vehicle .
• a rotating electrical machine comprises a rotor rotatable about an axis and a fixed stator surrounding the rotor.
• alternator mode when the rotor is rotating, it induces a magnetic field to the stator which transforms it into electric current to power the vehicle's electrical consumers and recharge the battery.
• motor mode the stator is electrically powered and induces a magnetic field driving the rotor in rotation.
• the rotor and the stator form an assembly which is mounted in a casing generally comprising two flanges surrounding, at least partially, the rotor-stator assembly.
• An electronic assembly for controlling the machine and forming a voltage rectifier bridge is mounted on the housing.
• This electronic assembly comprises at least one electronic power module and a control module. At least one of these modules is mounted on a heat sink which is mounted on one of the flanges.
• the assembly between the heat sink and the flange is conventionally carried out by means of different screws.
• Several screws are disposed on the outer periphery of the flange-dissipator assembly and at least one screw is disposed on a central portion of said assembly.
• a disadvantage of this type of assembly is that the arrangement of the screws gives an additional constraint of space at the electronic assembly and in particular the screw present in the central portion. Indeed, the different modules must be sized and positioned in a small footprint and so that they are not traversed by a screw. In addition, even if the screw does not exceed axially of the heat sink, sufficient space to insert a screwdriver must be left between the modules to allow the attachment of the electronic assembly on the housing.
• the present invention aims to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art by providing a device for holding the electronic assembly on the housing which supports the various constraints and simplifies congestion issues.
• the present invention therefore relates to a rotating electrical machine, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising a rotor and a stator extending along an axis; a housing surrounding the rotor and the stator and having at least one flange; and an electronic assembly comprising a heat sink and at least one electronic power module mounted on said dissipator, the dissipator being mounted on the flange.
• the machine comprises at least one support device projecting between the heat sink and the flange, said device being mounted between said elements with a prestress.
• the support device is mounted between the heat sink and the flange without passing through the heat sink and, preferably, without cross the flask.
• the term "without crossing" means that the device does not open on the two opposite axial faces of said element.
• Prestressing is defined as a state in which the support device is subjected to a mechanical stress in its rest position, that is to say when the electrical machine is assembled but not in operation.
• the prestressing ensures a minimal contact force between the support device, the bearing and the heat sink.
• the prestressing is between 100 N and 1500 N. These forces cause a crushing of the support device between 0.1 mm and 1 mm, the crushing being defined as the difference between the axial heights of the device d support before the assembly of the heatsink and the bearing and after said assembly.
• This prestressing range makes it possible to apply a sufficient stress to prevent vibrations from causing a separation between the flange and the heat sink and without this prestressing being too great and causing a breakage of one of the parts.
• the prestressing is between 300 ° N and 1200 ° N for a crushing between 0.25 mm and 0.75 mm.
• the support device is formed of a first element extending from the flange and a second element extending from the heat sink, one of the elements being a particularly shaped crutch. stud.
• the stand extends in axial projection from an axial face of the flange or heat sink.
• the axial end face of the first element and that of the second element extend in the same substantially radial direction.
• substantially radial means a direction which forms an angle with the axis of rotation of the machine between 80 ° and 100 °.
• the first member is a first leg projecting from the flange and the second member is a second leg extending protruding from the heat sink.
• the stands are positioned facing each other so that an axial end face of the first stand is in contact with an axial end face of the stand. second crutch.
• the first element is a stand extending projecting from the flange or the heat sink and the second element is a flat support zone.
• the stand and the flat support zone are positioned opposite each other so that an axial end face of the stand is in contact with the zone. flat support.
• the support device comprises a single crutch, the planar support zone being disposed on the element of the flange-dissipator assembly which does not include the stand.
• the support device is made of material with the flange or the heat sink.
• material means that the support device and the flange or the heat sink are formed together for example during a single molding step.
• the support device may be machined on the surface of the flange or heat sink. This simplifies and reduces the manufacturing costs of the machine.
• the support device and in particular the or crutches, may be attached to the flange or heat sink, for example by welding or gluing.
• the rotating electrical machine comprises a plurality of fixing devices for fixing the electronic assembly on the flange at attachment areas.
• Fixing devices are preferably distributed only on a periphery external flange-heatsink assembly. These fastening devices are, for example, screws inserted into openings respectively formed in studs projecting from the heat sink and the flange, said studs forming the attachment zones.
• the elements of the support device when the heat sink is mounted on the flange but before the introduction of the prestress, the elements of the support device are in contact with each other and an axial clearance exists between the heat sink and the flange at least one attachment area with each other. Still according to this embodiment, when the heatsink is fixedly assembled with the flange by means of at least one fixing device, the elements of the support device are in contact with each other and the heatsink and the flange are in contact with each other in said attachment zone. This allows the prestressing to be created in a simple way.
• the support device has an axial height, before mounting of the electronic assembly on the housing, greater than an axial distance between a lower axial face of the flange and an upper axial face of the heat sink measured at the device. after said mounting.
• the sum of the respective heights of the legs before assembly between the housing and the electronic assembly is greater than said axial distance after said final assembly.
• the heights of the crutches can be equal to each other.
• each stand can have a different height of the other stand, the heights being defined so that their sum is greater than said axial distance between the flange and the heat sink.
• the stand in the case where the support device is formed of a single crutch, the stand has an axial height, before said assembly, greater than said axial distance between the flange and the heat sink after said assembly.
• the axial end face of one of the first element or the second element has dimensions greater than those of the axial end face of the other element. This facilitates the assembly process between the housing and the electronic assembly.
• the dimensions of the flat bearing area are greater than those of the axial end face of the stand.
• the first crutch may extend from the flange or from the heat sink.
• the stand has a cylindrical shape.
• the forms of the crutches may be different from each other.
• the stand is full. In other words, the stand does not have a through opening. This improves the rigidity of the support device.
• the support device is positioned on an inner portion of the flange-dissipator assembly.
• the support device is disposed closer to the inner diameter of the flange-dissipator assembly than its outer diameter.
• the support device is positioned adjacent to the central opening of the flange-dissipator assembly allowing the passage of the shaft of the machine.
• the flange comprises at least one arm delimited by at least two axial openings, the element of the support device which extends from the flange extending from said arm.
• the support device has at least one reinforcing portion, said portion extending adjacent to the stand.
• the reinforcement is for example a portion with an axial thickness larger than the thickness of the flange or heat sink depending on the location of the corresponding stand.
• each stand may comprise one or more reinforcement portions.
• the reinforcing portion has different axial thicknesses.
• the maximum axial thickness of the reinforcing portion is disposed on the portion of the reinforcing portion adjacent to the stand.
• the thickness of the reinforcing portion varies along a substantially linear slope.
• the reinforcing portion may have a staircase shape,
• the machine further comprises a shutter formed of an electrically insulating material interposed between the flange and the heat sink.
• the support device comprises a third element formed by a support plate belonging to the shutter. The shutter is used to electrically isolate the flange of the heat sink when they are not at the same electrical potential.
• the support plate is positioned axially between the first element and the second element.
• the support plate extends in a substantially radial direction.
• the support plate has dimensions of its radial section at least equal to those of the smallest axial end face between the first or the second element.
• the third element has a skirt extending axially from an outer periphery of the support plate.
• the skirt surrounds a crutch. This improves the electrical insulation between the flange and the heat sink by reducing the risk of creating salt bridges.
• the support plate extends from an arm issuing from a circular portion of the shutter.
• the shutter is formed of a plastic material.
• the flange and the heat sink are formed of the same or different metallic material.
• the flange comprises a transverse plate on which is mounted the heat sink.
• the portion of the support device belonging to the flange extends from the plate.
• the machine comprises a plurality of support devices.
• the rotating electrical machine can advantageously form an alternator, an alternator-starter, a reversible machine or a motor.
• FIG. 1 represents, schematically and partially, a cross-sectional view of a rotating electrical machine according to an exemplary implementation of the invention
• FIG. 2 represents, schematically and partially, a sectional view of an exemplary flange-dissipator assembly according to a first embodiment
• FIG. 3 represents, schematically and partially, a sectional view of an exemplary flange-dissipator assembly according to a second embodiment
• FIG. 4 represents, schematically and partially, a perspective view from below of an example of a flange according to an exemplary embodiment
• FIG. 5 represents, schematically and partially, a perspective view from above of an exemplary heat sink according to an exemplary embodiment
• FIG. 6 represents, schematically and partially, a sectional view of an exemplary flange-dissipator assembly according to a third embodiment
• FIG. 7 represents, schematically and partially, a bottom perspective view of an exemplary shutter according to FIG.
• FIGS. 8a and 8b show, schematically and partially, sectional views of the flange-dissipator assembly according to the mode of Figure 2 showing an example of prestressing implementation steps.
• FIG. 1 represents a rotating electrical machine 10 which is compact and polyphase, in particular for a motor vehicle.
• This rotating electrical machine 10 transforms mechanical energy into electrical energy, into alternator mode, and can operate in motor mode to transform electrical energy into mechanical energy.
• This rotary electrical machine 10 is, for example, an alternator, an alternator-starter or a reversible machine or motor.
• the rotary electrical machine 10 comprises a housing 1 1. Inside this housing 1 1, it further comprises a shaft 13, a rotor 12 integral in rotation with the shaft 13 and a stator 15 surrounding the rotor 12. The rotational movement of the rotor 12 is around an X axis.
• the axial, radial, external and internal denominations refer to the axis X crossing at its center the shaft 13.
• the axial direction corresponds to the X axis while the radial orientations correspond to the planes concurrent, and in particular perpendicular, to the axis X.
• the outer or inner denominations are evaluated with respect to the same axis X, the inner denomination corresponding to a member oriented towards the axis, or closer to the axis relative to a second element, the outer denomination denoting a distance from the axis.
• the housing 1 1 comprises a front flange 16 and a rear flange 17 which are assembled together. These flanges 16, 17 are hollow in shape and each carries, centrally, a bearing coupled to a respective ball bearing 18, 19 for the rotational mounting of the shaft 13.
• the housing 1 1 comprises fixing means 14 allowing the mounting of the rotating electrical machine 10 in the vehicle.
• a pulley 20 is fixed on a front end of the shaft 13, at the front flange 16, for example by means of a nut bearing on the bottom of the cavity of this pulley. This pulley 20 transmits the rotational movement to the shaft 13 or to the shaft 13 to transmit its rotational movement to the belt.
• an upper face being a face oriented in the direction of the pulley while a lower face being a face facing away from the pulley in an axial direction.
• the rear end of the shaft 13 carries, here, slip rings 21 belonging to a manifold 22.
• Brushes 23 belonging to a brush holder 24 are arranged so as to rub on the slip rings 21.
• the brush holder 24 is connected to a voltage regulator (not shown).
• the front flange 16 and the rear flange 17 may further comprise substantially lateral openings for the passage of air to allow the cooling of the rotating electric machine by air circulation generated by the rotation of a fan before 25 on the axial front face of the rotor 12, that is to say at the front flange 16 and a rear fan 26 on the rear axial face of the rotor, that is to say at the flange back 17.
• the rotor 12 is a claw rotor. It has two pole wheels 31. Each pole wheel 31 is formed of a plate 32 and a plurality of claws 33 forming magnetic poles.
• the plate 32 is of transverse orientation and has, for example, a shape substantially annular.
• This rotor 12 further comprises a cylindrical core 34 which is interposed axially between the pole wheels 31.
• this core 34 is formed of two half-cores each belonging to one of the pole wheels.
• the rotor 12 comprises, between the core 34 and the claws 33, a coil 35 comprising, here, a winding hub and an electric winding on this hub.
• the slip rings 21 belonging to the collector 22 are connected by wire bonds to said coil 35.
• the rotor 12 may also comprise magnetic elements interposed between two adjacent claws 33.
• the stator 15 comprises a body 27 in the form of a pack of sheets with notches, for example of the semi-closed or open type, equipped with slot insulator for mounting an electric winding. 28.
• This coil 28 passes through the notches of the body
• the coil 28 is connected, for example, in a star or in a triangle.
• the winding 28 is formed of one or more phases. Each phase comprises at least one conductor passing through the notches of the stator body 27 and forms, with all phases, the buns.
• the coil 28 is electrically connected to an electronic assembly 36.
• the electronic assembly 36 comprises at least one electronic power module for controlling a winding phase
• This power module forms a voltage rectifier bridge for transforming the alternating voltage generated by the alternator 10 into a DC voltage to supply the battery and the vehicle electrical system in alternator mode, in particular.
• the rotor When the electric winding is electrically powered from the brushes, the rotor is magnetized and becomes an inductor rotor with formation of magnetic north-south poles at the claws. This inductor rotor creates an alternating induced current in the stator induced when the shaft is rotating. The rectifier bridge then transforms this AC induced current into a DC current, in particular to power the loads and consumers of the onboard network of the motor vehicle as well as to recharge its battery.
• the electronic assembly 36 further comprises a heat sink 37 on which the electronic power module is mounted.
• the electronic power module may be composed of a plurality of electronic components including at least one MOSFET transistor.
• the power module can be mounted glued or plated on a lower axial face 38 of the heat sink 37.
• the power module can be composed of at least one diode. Each diode may be mounted in particular by fitting or brazing in the lower face 38.
• the control module may be mounted on the lower face 38 of the heat sink 37. Alternatively, said control module may be mounted independently of the heat sink 37 .
• the heat sink 37 therefore has a lower axial face
• the rear flange 17 comprises a plurality of fixing studs 65, each being provided with an opening 41, respectively disposed facing fixing studs 66 of the dissipator 37, each stud 66 being provided with an opening 42 formed, each opening forming a passage for a screw.
• One or other of the openings comprises a threaded portion cooperating with the thread of the screw.
• Each set of studs 65, 66 defines a fastening zone 64.
• the fixing devices 40 are distributed only on an outer periphery of the flange-dissipator assembly, that is to say that they are closer radially to the outer periphery of the flange-dissipator assembly than to its inner periphery. carrying the central opening for the passage of the shaft 13.
• the machine 10 comprises at least one support device 43 projecting between the heat sink 37 and the rear flange 17.
• support device 43 is formed of a first element extending from the flange 17 and a second element extending from the dissipator 37.
• the support device 43 is mounted between the flange 17 and the dissipator 37 with mechanical prestressing.
• the prestressing is performed by crushing or deformation of the support device 43 between its initial state before assembly between the flange and the heat sink and its final state once the rotating electrical machine is mounted, that is to say a Once the flange and the dissipator are fixed together by means of the fixing devices 40.
• the prestressing is between 100 N and 1500 N for crushing or deformation between 0.1 mm and 1 mm and preferably between 300 N and 1200 N for 0.25 mm and 0.75 mm crushing or deformation.
• the prestressing forces are determined as a function of the mass of the electronic assembly assembled on the flange, materials used and dynamic stresses to endure.
• the first element is a first stand 44a projecting from the flange 17 and the second element is a second stand 44b projecting from the dissipator 37.
• the first stand 44a extends axially projecting from a lower axial face 45 of the flange 17 and the second stand 44b extends in axial projection from an upper axial face 39 of the dissipator 37.
• the stands 44a, 44b extend axially towards each other so that an axial end face, corresponding to a lower face, of the first stand 44a is in contact with an axial end face. , corresponding to an upper face, of the second stand 44b.
• the axial end faces of the legs 44a, 44b extend in the same substantially radial direction.
• the support device 43 has an axial height H, before assembly of the electronic assembly, greater than an axial distance D1 between a lower axial face 45 of the flange and an upper axial face 39 of the heat sink measured at the device. support after said assembly as illustrated in Figures 8a and 8b.
• the axial height H of the support device 43 is equal to the sum of the axial height of the first stand 44a and the axial height of the second stand 44b before they are in position. contact one of the other, that is to say in a state without prestressing the support device.
• the crutches 44a, 44b have an axial height different from each other, the axial height of the stand 44b extending from the dissipator 37 being the largest.
• the surface of the axial end face of the second stand 44b is greater than that of the first stand 44a.
• the dimensions and in particular the diameter of the second stand 44b is greater than that of the first stand 44a.
• the support device 43 is arranged differently.
• the first element is a stand 44 projecting from the flange 17 and the second element is a planar support zone 46 formed on the upper face 39 of the heat sink 37.
• the stand 44 extends in axial projection towards the flat support zone 46 so that an axial end face of the stand 44 is in contact with said zone 46.
• the stand 44 has an axial height, before mounting of the electronic assembly on the housing, greater than said axial distance D1 after said assembly.
• the surface of the flat support zone 46 is greater than that of the axial end face of the stand 44.
• the stand could extend from the heat sink and the flat bearing area could be carried by the flange.
• a third embodiment shown in FIG. 6 incorporates the features of the first embodiment with, in addition, a shutter 47.
• the machine 10 may comprise a shutter 47 interposed between the flange 17 and the dissipater 37.
• the shutter then comprises a support plate 48 forming a third element of the device 43.
• the support plate 48 extends in a substantially radial direction.
• the support plate 48 is positioned axially between the first stand 44a and the second stand 44b.
• the support plate could be positioned between a stand and a flat bearing area.
• the support plate 48 has axial faces whose dimensions are greater than those of the axial end faces of the first stand 44a and the second stand 44b.
• a skirt 49 extends axially from an outer periphery of the backing plate 48 so as to surround the first leg 44a, in this example.
• the skirt could extend in the axially opposite direction to surround the second leg 44b.
• the shutter 47 has a circular portion 50 from which extends an arm 51 carrying the support plate 48 and the skirt 49.
• the shutter comprises a plurality of buffer devices 52 for reinforcing the axial retention of the shutter due to the vibrations of the machine 10.
• the shutter 47 has a plurality of openings 53 each allowing the passage of a fastener 40 and a plurality of apertures 54 for passing the outputs / phase inputs belonging to the electrical winding 28 to connect them to the electronic assembly.
• the support plate 48 has an axial height compatible with the prestressing to be provided via the support device 43 and which takes into account the matting during assembly and the possible effects of the temperature on the electrically insulating material of the shutter 47 in terms of creep.
• the shutter 47 is for example formed of a plastic material such as a thermosetting plastic.
• the rear flange 17 and the heat sink 37 are formed of an identical or different metallic material such as aluminum.
• each stand 44, 44a, 44b is made of material with the flange 17 or the dissipator 37 respectively.
• Each stand is in particular shaped solid pad for example cylindrical.
• the support device 43 is positioned on an internal portion of the flange-dissipator assembly and in particular adjacent to the central opening of the flange-dissipator assembly allowing the passage of the tree 13.
• the rear flange 17 comprises a plurality of axial openings 55 allowing the passage of the phase outputs / inputs of the coil 28.
• the flange 17 comprises a plurality of axial openings 56 and radial openings 57 allowing the cooling of the machine 10 by means of the fans 25, 26.
• the arms 58 separate two axial openings 56 and one of them can form a support to the stand 44 extending from the flange 17.
• the bearing comprises a pad 59 for mounting the brush holder 24 as well as openings 60 allowing the passage of a fixing device between the rear bearing 17 and the front bearing 16.
• the support device has at least one reinforcing portion 61 extending adjacent to the stand 44.
• This reinforcement portion is shown for the second embodiment but it can also apply to other embodiments and their variants.
• the reinforcing portion 61 extends over the entire surface of the arm 58 carrying the stand 44.
• the reinforcing portion is in particular a portion with an axial thickness greater than the thickness of an arm 58. not carrying a crutch 44.
• the thickness of the reinforcing portion 61 is not constant and is maximum at the portion adjacent to the crutch 44.
• the dissipator may also include a reinforcing portion positioned adjacent to the second stand 44b.
• the heatsink 37 comprises a plurality of cooling fins 62 extending from the upper face of said heatsink to improve the cooling of the heatsink.
• the electronic set The central opening 63 of the dissipator allows the passage of the shaft 13 as well as the brush holder 24.
• the electronic assembly is positioned on the rear flange 17 so that the element of the support device 43 carried by the dissipator 37 comes into contact with the element of said device carried by the flange 17 or the shutter 47, according to the embodiment chosen, which is already mounted on the flange.
• the fixing studs 65 of the flange 17 are spaced axially from a clearance J of the fixing pads 66 of the dissipator with which they are associated, as clearly visible in FIG. 8a.
• the different pads 65, 66 are not in contact with each other while the elements of the support device 43 are in contact with each other.
• the present invention finds applications in particular in the field of alternators or reversible machines for a motor vehicle but it could also apply to any type of rotating machine.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
• Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=60302277

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Family Cites Families (10)

• 2017
  • 2017-09-01 FR FR1758108A patent/FR3070802B1/fr active Active
• 2018
  • 2018-08-02 EP EP18745988.8A patent/EP3676940A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2018-08-02 WO PCT/EP2018/071081 patent/WO2019042704A1/fr unknown
  • 2018-08-02 CN CN201880056768.7A patent/CN111052568B/zh active Active

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