Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
  • H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
  • H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
  • H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
  • H02K7/183—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines wherein the turbine is a wind turbine
  • H02K7/1838—Generators mounted in a nacelle or similar structure of a horizontal axis wind turbine
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F03D—WIND MOTORS
  • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
  • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
  • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
  • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
  • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
  • H02K15/0006—Disassembling, repairing or modifying dynamo-electric machines
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K19/00—Synchronous motors or generators
  • H02K19/16—Synchronous generators
  • H02K19/22—Synchronous generators having windings each turn of which co-operates alternately with poles of opposite polarity, e.g. heteropolar generators
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K3/00—Details of windings
  • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
  • H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
  • H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
  • H02K7/086—Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotor around a fixed spindle; radially supporting the rotor directly
  • H02K7/088—Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotor around a fixed spindle; radially supporting the rotor directly radially supporting the rotor directly
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
  • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
  • H02K7/102—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with friction brakes
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
  • H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
  • H02K2201/15—Sectional machines
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
  • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
  • H02K2213/12—Machines characterised by the modularity of some components
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
  • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

• the invention relates to a generator rotor and a generator stator of a generator of a wind turbine.
• the generator rotor together with the generator stator in the generator, is driven to be driven by an aerodynamic rotor and thus to generate electrical energy from the wind.
• the invention relates to a method for transporting such a generator.
• Wind energy plants in particular horizontal axis wind energy plants, which are gearless, are known from the prior art.
• an aerodynamic rotor drives the generator rotor of a generator directly, so that the generator converts the kinetic energy gained from the wind into electrical energy.
• the rotor of the generator thus rotates just as slowly as the aerodynamic rotor.
• the generator has a relative to the rated power, relatively large generator diameter, in particular large air gap diameter on.
• a relatively large differential speed between rotor and stator of the generator can be achieved in the region of the air gap.
• Modern wind turbines have rated outputs of several megawatts, so they require air gap diameters of far more than 5 meters.
• the maximum width that can and should be transported on the road is about 5 meters. This means that the maximum diameter of the generator during a transport may be 5 meters, when the generator is lying, ie with a rotation axis perpendicular to the road, transported. The diameter of a generator is thus limited.
• Object of the present invention is therefore to meet the problems of the prior art.
• a solution is to be proposed, which makes it possible to transport a generator with an air gap diameter of more than 5 meters with the least possible effort.
• an alternative to the prior art should be proposed.
• German Patent and Trademark Office has in the priority application for the present application the following state of the art research: DE 10 2012 208 547 A1 and DE 10 2015 212 453 A1.
• the present invention initially proposes a generator rotor for a wind turbine.
• the generator rotor has at least one dividing plane in order to divide the generator rotor, which is also called a short runner, into at least two segments.
• the dividing plane runs along asymmetrical cutting lines of the rotor through the rotor. This means that the rotor can be divided into segments by the dividing planes arranged according to the invention, wherein at least two segments have mutually different shapes and dimensions.
• symmetrical cutting lines would correspond to lines extending from one point on the outer radius of the generator rotor through the center point to the opposite outer end on the radius of the generator rotor. Accordingly, asymmetrical cutting lines of the runner do not run straight through the center or the center, so they run outside the center. Accordingly, the planes of division run along the asymmetrical lines of intersection and divide the circular element formed by the rotor into at least two segments that are not straight halves, quarters or other large sectors of a circle, also called circular sectors.
• This arrangement of the dividing planes makes it possible to provide the longest possible dividing planes, that is to say with a long chord, which comprise a continuously arranged number of connecting elements, for example screwing possibilities, whereby a clearance is reduced during assembly of the generator rotor at the installation site.
• the generator rotor comprises a first segment.
• the first segment has an opening for a bearing circumferentially bounded by the first segment.
• the generator rotor as a whole therefore has the shape of a circular ring. Accordingly, a bearing can be connected to the first segment through this opening and a test run with the generator rotor can be carried out on the test stand. For transport, this bearing does not have to be removed again, but can remain connected to the first segment because the parting planes do not pass through this opening. Tolerances in the orientation of the bearing on the generator rotor, which cause the generator at the site behave differently than during the test run, are thus prevented.
• the length of a dividing plane is longer than the width, that is to say the difference between outside and inside diameter of the rotor.
• connecting elements are distributed uniformly over the length of the dividing plane.
• the dividing plane runs parallel to a tangent of the rotor, preferably centrally between two parallel tangents on the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the rotor.
• the game of the connecting elements of the segments is further averaged so that tolerances are reduced.
• the opening in the first segment has a circumferential circular ring.
• the annulus is connectable or connected to a bearing for rotatably supporting the rotor on a rotor axis.
• the annulus is part of the first segment.
• the first segment is thus equipped to connect it to a bearing so that the bearing and the first segment form an integral unit which does not have to be separated again after a test run.
• a fine adjustment carried out during a test run or test run, in particular with regard to possible tolerances of the connecting elements between the bearing and the first segment, are therefore also provided in their entirety for later operation.
• the first segment comprises an annular region which is arranged parallel to the plane of rotation of the rotor.
• the annular region has a braking surface for braking the rotor and / or one or more locking recesses for locking the rotor. Thanks to the arranged on the first segment circular area for braking and / or locking the rotor, it is not necessary on the other segments that are different from the first segment to provide more areas for braking and / or locking, so no transitions of areas for locking or for braking at parting planes, which must be taken into account when aligning the segments at the installation site.
• At least one segment has the contour of a circle segment.
• a circle segment is called the face of a circular area bounded by a circular arc and a chord.
• a generator rotor having a generator with an air gap diameter of more than 5 meters can easily disassemble at least one circular segment after complete assembly and carrying out a test run for transport.
• Such a circle segment is later relatively accurate at the site again with the remaining part of the generator rotor connectable, so that despite tolerances a substantially exactly identical structure of the generator rotor at the site in comparison to the test stand is possible. All parts already mounted on the generator rotor, such as the bearing, can remain mounted on the rotor for transport. In particular, a quick disassembly after the test run and a quick installation at the Aufsannonsort are thus possible.
• the rotor has two graduation planes which run parallel to one another.
• the rotor is divisible by the two dividing planes into three segments, wherein two of the segments each have a contour of a circle segment and laterally adjacent to a segment which preferably corresponds to the first segment of one of the above-mentioned embodiments.
• a generator rotor with a diameter of more than 5 meters can thus be prepared for transport in a very short time only by separating the generator rotor in the region of the dividing planes. At the site a quick restart is possible.
• the generator rotor has a diameter of more than 6 meters, preferably more than 7 meters, in particular substantially 7.5 meters. All segments have a width in at least one dimension that is equal to or narrower than 5 meters.
• the rotor is an internal rotor and additionally or alternatively the generator rotor is a foreign-excited generator rotor.
• the invention relates to a stator for a wind turbine.
• the stator has circumferentially adjacent grooves.
• at least two separation points for separating the stator are each provided between two grooves.
• Formed coils with two legs each are inserted or inserted in the slots.
• Form coils per se are known and correspond to a multi-turn wound conductive material whose shape comprises two legs each having a plurality of electrical conductors whose electrical conductors in a first end and a second end, which may be called, for example, head and foot area, connected to each other.
• a form coil thus has two electrical connections.
• the legs of each mold coil are each arranged in different grooves.
• At least two limbs of different shaping coils are arranged in several grooves, and at most one limb of a shaping coil is arranged at least in the grooves adjacent to the separation points.
• the form coils are not arranged completely uniformly in the circumferential direction in the generator stator, but for a separation and / or assembly of the generator stator at the separation points is easily possible. As a result, a simple disassembly of the stator for transport on the one hand, but also a quick rebuilding of the transported stator for commissioning is guaranteed.
• the shaping coils are two-layer forming coils.
• the shaping coils are each arranged in the grooves such that five grooves are arranged in the circumferential direction between the grooves, in which the legs of a shaping coil are inserted. This allows a six-phase or 2x3-phase stator.
• the shaping coils are each arranged in the grooves such that four grooves are arranged in the circumferential direction between the grooves, in which the legs of a shaping coil are inserted.
• six grooves in front and six grooves behind a separation point have at most one leg of a shaping coil.
• the invention includes a generator, which is preferably a synchronous generator.
• the generator comprises a rotor according to one of the preceding embodiments as well as a stator, in particular according to one of the aforementioned embodiments.
• the generator stator has one or more division regions, which can also be called a separation region, in order to divide the generator stator into two or more stator segments.
• the invention relates to a wind turbine with a wind turbine tower, on which a nacelle is arranged with a generator according to one of the aforementioned embodiments.
• the wind turbine comprises an aerodynamic rotor with a plurality of rotor blades for driving the generator.
• the invention relates to a method for transporting a generator of a wind turbine, namely preferably a generator rotor according to one of the aforementioned embodiments and / or a generator stator according to one of the aforementioned embodiments.
• the runner is divided into at least two segments for transport to a site at at least one division plane.
• the division planes run along asymmetric cut lines of the runner in the runner.
• the segments of the generator rotor are connected prior to dividing for transporting and a first segment, which has an opening, which is bounded circumferentially by the first segment, connected to a bearing.
• the bearing remains connected to the first segment.
• the stator is also separated for transport at its separation points.
• the generator rotor but also the generator stator can be transported on public roads.
• form coils are used in the stator before separation at its separation points for transport.
• the form coils are inserted in circumferentially adjacent grooves.
• the legs of each shaping coil are arranged in each case in different grooves, in each case at least two legs of different shaping coils in a plurality of grooves, and at most one leg of a shaping coil at least in the grooves adjacent to the separating points.
• the generator is assembled after being transported exclusively with the preformed coils which were inserted into the stator before being transported. Accordingly, no further shaping coils or other types of coils in the region of the separating points are additionally used after transport. This allows for a connection of the coils in the region of the separation points be dispensed with and a faster construction of the generator at the site is possible.
• FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a generator stator
• Fig. 4 is a further schematic representation of a generator stator
• FIG. 5 shows the steps of a method for transporting a generator rotor.
• Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a wind turbine 100 according to the invention.
• the wind energy plant 100 has a tower 102 and a nacelle 104 on the tower 102.
• An aerodynamic rotor 106 with three rotor blades 108 and a spinner 110 is provided on the nacelle 104.
• the aerodynamic rotor 106 is set into rotary motion by the wind during operation of the wind turbine and thus also rotates an electrodynamic rotor or rotor of a generator, which is coupled directly or indirectly to the aerodynamic rotor 106.
• the electric generator is disposed in the nacelle 104 and generates electrical energy.
• the pitch angles of the rotor blades 108 can be changed by pitch motors on the rotor blade roots 108b of the respective rotor blades 108.
• Fig. 2 shows a generator 10 according to a first embodiment of the invention.
• the generator 10 includes a generator rotor 12, which is shown here according to a first embodiment of the invention, and a generator stator 14, which is shown according to a first embodiment.
• the generator stator 14 has two separation points 16a, 16b, at which the generator stator 14 is divided into two generator stator parts 17a, 17b for better illustration.
• the generator stator 14 is thus divided into two halves.
• the generator rotor 12 is divided into a first segment 18, which is also referred to below as the central segment, and two further segments 20a, 20b.
• the generator rotor 12 has two graduation planes 22a, 22b.
• the dividing planes 22a, 22b run along asymmetrical cutting lines 23a, 23b of the generator rotor 12.
• the generator rotor 12 has an opening 24.
• the opening 24 comprises a circumferential circular ring 26, which is already visibly provided with boreholes 28 in order to connect a bearing with the encircling circular ring 26. Accordingly, it is possible to separate the segments 18, 20a, 20b of the generator rotor 12 after a test run on a test stand for transport, without having to remove a bearing arranged in the region of the opening 24.
• the generator rotor 12 Since the generator rotor 12 has only pole shoes with DC windings, the electrical connections of the further segments 20a, 20b for this only have to be made with the first segment 18, after a mechanical connection of the further segments 20a, 20b with the first segment 18 after the transport to set up the generator 10 is done.
• the generator stator 14 however, has form coils 30, which are inserted in not shown here grooves of the generator stator 14.
• FIG. 2 shows the form coils only as an example, the arrangement of the form coils 30 in the generator stator 14 being explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.
• Fig. 3 shows a cross section through a generator stator 17a, 17b of the generator stator 14 shown in Fig. 2
• the separation points 16a, 16b are shown.
• the generator stator 14 is shown in settlement.
• the generator stator 14 has grooves 32 which are filled with the legs 34 of shaping coils 30.
• the number of grooves 32 shown here is less than the number of slots of a real Generatorstatorteils 17a, 17b or as shown in Fig. 2 half of a generator stator 14.
• this illustration is chosen here for an example for a better view. It can be seen that the grooves 32 in the region of the separation points 16a, 16b are filled only with a single leg 34 of a shaping coil 30. Accordingly, only the coils 30 are filled in a central region 36 each with two legs 34 different coils 30, whereas the six grooves 32, each in a region 38 before or after a separation point 16a, 16b, with maximum a leg 34 of a shaping coil 30 are filled.
• the pole shoes 40 of the generator rotor 12 are still shown.
• Fig. 4 shows an alternative assignment of the grooves 32 of a generator stator 17a, 17b with two separation points 16a, 16b.
• the twelve central grooves 32 in the area 42 are occupied by a maximum of one leg 34 of a shaping coil 30. The remaining part of these grooves 32 in the area 42 thus remains empty.
• step 50 the generator 10 is completely assembled.
• the generator rotor 12 is assembled from its segments 18, 20a, 20b for complete assembly, and the stator 14 is connected to one another at its separation points 16a, 16b.
• a bearing is connected. This serves to test the generator on a test stand in an optional step 52. In particular, fine adjustments are made in step 52.
• step 54 the generator rotor 12 is then divided into segments 18, 20a, 20b only in the region of the dividing planes 22a, 22b.
• the generator stator 14 is separated at its separation points 16a, 16b in Generatorstatormaschine 17a, 17b.
• the segments 18, 20a, 20b of the generator rotor 12 and the halves of the generator stator 14 are loaded and transported in a step 56.
• the bearing connected to the circulating circular ring 26 remains connected to the first segment 18 of the generator rotor 12.
• step 58 after transport then the segments 18, 20a, 20b of the generator rotor 12 are connected to each other and also the generator stator 14 is again assembled at its separation points 16a, 16b.
• the generator 10 is operated without the use of other shaping coils 30 than those which were already used in the generator stator 14 during transport, into the generator stator 14.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Wind Motors (AREA)
• Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=63491583

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (10)

Family Cites Families (16)

• 2017
  • 2017-08-25 DE DE102017119530.0A patent/DE102017119530A1/de active Pending
• 2018
  • 2018-08-24 CA CA3071934A patent/CA3071934C/en active Active
  • 2018-08-24 BR BR112020002370-1A patent/BR112020002370A2/pt unknown
  • 2018-08-24 WO PCT/EP2018/072877 patent/WO2019038421A1/de unknown
  • 2018-08-24 US US16/640,709 patent/US11156209B2/en active Active
  • 2018-08-24 JP JP2020511513A patent/JP2020531740A/ja active Pending
  • 2018-08-24 CN CN201880054921.2A patent/CN111033967A/zh active Pending
  • 2018-08-24 RU RU2020111451A patent/RU2734898C1/ru active
  • 2018-08-24 EP EP18765376.1A patent/EP3673569A1/de active Pending
  • 2018-08-24 KR KR1020207006425A patent/KR20200032219A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation

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