EP3671363A1 - Clockwork and timepiece comprising such a clockwork - Google Patents

Clockwork and timepiece comprising such a clockwork Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3671363A1
EP3671363A1 EP18213726.5A EP18213726A EP3671363A1 EP 3671363 A1 EP3671363 A1 EP 3671363A1 EP 18213726 A EP18213726 A EP 18213726A EP 3671363 A1 EP3671363 A1 EP 3671363A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
assembly
axis
rotation
wheel
movement according
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Granted
Application number
EP18213726.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3671363B1 (en
Inventor
Eric Coudray
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Tec Ebauches SA
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Tec Ebauches SA
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Priority to EP18213726.5A priority Critical patent/EP3671363B1/en
Publication of EP3671363A1 publication Critical patent/EP3671363A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/20—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/28—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency for the effect of unbalance of the weights, e.g. tourbillon
    • G04B17/285—Tourbillons or carrousels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a timepiece movement intended to be placed in a case of a timepiece, this movement comprising an energy source, a gear train, a regulation mechanism supplied by said energy source via of the train, and a plate supporting the regulation mechanism, this regulation mechanism comprising a balance-spring and an escapement.
  • the present invention also relates to a timepiece comprising such a timepiece movement.
  • Clock movements comprising at least one regulating mechanism of the tourbillon or carousel type have been known for a long time.
  • These regulatory mechanisms have been developed with the aim of improving the isochronism of the movement of the timepiece by making this movement less sensitive to its position. More particularly, the regulation mechanism has the effect of moving the balance over time, so as to make it take different positions.
  • the average of isochronism faults as a function of the position of the balance is in principle closer to zero than isochronism faults in a particular position of the movement.
  • tourbillon or carousel type regulatory mechanisms were developed for pocket watches which are generally held in vertical positions. Such regulatory mechanisms are less relevant for watches of the wristwatch type, for which position changes often, depending on the movements of the wearer of the watch.
  • each tourbillon includes a balance wheel, the position of the axes of the balance wheels being fixed during the operation of the tourbillon.
  • the regulating mechanism is a vortex, in the sense that it comprises a fixed cage.
  • the realizations of these multi-axis tourbillons imply the use of a large number of parts, which has the effect of increasing the complexity of the realization, increasing the size and the mass and consequently, decreasing the efficiency of the timepiece movement.
  • the present invention proposes to produce a timepiece movement in which a balance-spring is movable in a large number of positions and of different orientations, remaining as light as possible so that this movement has as low energy consumption as possible.
  • the object of the invention is also achieved by a timepiece comprising such a movement.
  • the geometry of the displacement of the pendulum axis it is possible to choose the geometry of the displacement of the pendulum axis.
  • One end of the pendulum axis can move along a three-dimensional curve forming a more or less open torus, or even according to a sphere, which is a special case of a torus.
  • the balance axis can take a large number of different positions and the correction of the isochronism of the timepiece no longer depends on the position thereof.
  • the regulation mechanism can be integrated into a wristwatch so that this mechanism is visible. By its particularly original functioning, it brings to the watch a completely remarkable aesthetic aspect.
  • the timepiece movement according to the present invention is intended to be placed in a case (not shown) of a timepiece such as in particular a watch of the wristwatch type.
  • a timepiece such as in particular a watch of the wristwatch type.
  • Such a timepiece conventionally comprises a plate supporting in particular a motor system having a power source, and a cog formed of gears driven in rotation by the motor system.
  • the plate further supports a regulation mechanism 10 which is the subject of Figures 1 to 11 and which is described in detail below.
  • the energy source can in particular be formed by one or more barrels comprising a barrel spring.
  • the engine system rotates the cog of the clockwork movement. This cog can be conventional, it is not detailed here.
  • the components of the engine system and of the gear train are linked to the plate and are fixed in the planes in which they can rotate.
  • the general plane formed by the plate is called horizontal plane.
  • the axes, in in particular the axes of rotation of the toothed wheels arranged in planes parallel to the horizontal plane, are called vertical axes.
  • the regulating mechanism 10 notably comprises a pendulum 11 pivoting about a pendulum axis 12 and an escapement 13.
  • the regulating mechanism 10 can be separated into three assemblies which interact so as to move the pendulum axis 12 in three distinct directions, the combination of displacements in these three directions resulting in the displacement of one end of the pendulum axis in a torus, which can also be a sphere.
  • the three sets of the regulation mechanism 10 are linked in such a way that the third set is linked to the second set and interacts with the first set and the first set carries the second set.
  • Each of these assemblies can pivot around an axis, certain axes of the three assemblies being orthogonal two by two, in the illustrated embodiment.
  • the first assembly 14 is illustrated at least partially by the figures 1 to 4 and 11 .
  • the figure 1 represents the first assembly as it is mounted in a timepiece movement according to the invention.
  • the figures 2 and 3 represent a first part of this first set alone.
  • the first assembly 14 is formed of two parts, a first part 15 being illustrated by the figures 2 and 3 and a second part 16 being illustrated by the figure 4 .
  • the first part 15 of the first assembly 14 comprises in particular a cage 17, a mechanism 18 for rotating the cage, a toothed wheel of the field wheel type 19 and a support for the second assembly 20.
  • the mechanism 18 for rotating the cage comprises a toothed wheel 21 secured to a rod 22.
  • the movement of the timepiece includes a train linked kinematically to an energy source.
  • This cog leads to the regulation mechanism 10 and transmits energy to this regulation mechanism.
  • the last component of the train before the regulating mechanism that is to say the component which supplies energy to this regulating mechanism, here called the actuating member 23 is visible on the figure 1 and comprises a pinion 24 and two toothed wheels, namely an upper toothed wheel 25 and a lower toothed wheel 26, arranged coaxially.
  • the pinion 24 and the two toothed wheels 25, 26 are integral with each other, so that the rotation of the pinion 24 causes the rotation of the two toothed wheels.
  • the movement-setting member 23 comprises an axis of rotation perpendicular to the general plane of the plate in which the movement of the timepiece is mounted.
  • the energy from the energy source is transmitted by the gear train to the pinion 24 of the actuating member 23, which has the effect of rotating this pinion around its axis of rotation and which also causes the rotation of the two toothed wheels 25, 26 of this movement setting member.
  • the characteristics of the two toothed wheels of the actuating member namely the number of teeth and the diameters of the wheels, are different, so as to form a differential whose function is explained below.
  • the toothed wheel 21 of the first assembly 14 meshes with the lower toothed wheel 26 of the setting member 23.
  • the first set 14 comprises a pair of pivots 27 aligned with an axis of rotation of the rod 22 of the first set, one of the pivots being disposed near the toothed wheel 21 integral with the rod 22 and the other pivot being disposed at the opposite end of the cage 17. These two pivots 27 allow the first assembly 14 to rotate about an axis of rotation 28 defined by these two pivots 27.
  • the support 20 of the second set comprises a pair of bearings 29 arranged one opposite the other, so as to be able to receive an axis, as explained below.
  • a straight line 30 connecting these two bearings 29 is perpendicular to the axis 28 of the first set.
  • the field wheel 19 of the first set is integral with the cage 17. This field wheel 19 is arranged in a plane parallel to a plane containing the axis of rotation 28 of the first set. This field wheel 19 is fixed to the cage 17 and has an empty center, allowing the rotation of components inside this field wheel.
  • the second part 16 of the first set 14, illustrated by the figure 4 is formed by a carousel wheel 31.
  • This carousel wheel 31 is essentially formed by a toothed wheel of the field wheel type 32, a cylindrical tube 33 and a toothed wheel 34 with straight teeth.
  • the field wheel 32 and the toothed wheel 34 with straight teeth have coincident axes of symmetry, these two elements also being integral with the cylindrical tube 33.
  • the carousel wheel 31 is mounted on the rod 22 of the first part 15 of the first assembly 14 so as to be able to be supported by this rod and to be able to pivot around this rod with minimal friction.
  • a ball bearing is placed in the cylindrical tube 33 around the rod 22.
  • the second set 35 is illustrated by the figures 1 , 5 , 6 and 9 to 11 . It is illustrated in detail by the figure 5 .
  • This second assembly essentially comprises a frame 36 and an arm 37 arranged to hold one end of the balance pin 12.
  • the frame 36 is provided with a pair of aligned pivots 38, arranged to allow the frame 36 to pivot around. an axis 39 connecting these two pivots 38.
  • a toothed wheel 40 with straight teeth is secured to the frame 36, the function of this toothed wheel 40 being explained below.
  • the arm 37 of the chassis is provided with a bearing 41 cooperating with a bearing of the third assembly, described below. These two bearings are arranged to maintain the balance pin 12.
  • the regulating mechanism 10 includes an exhaust 13 illustrated in the form of a Potter exhaust. This exhaust is at least partially visible on the figures 6 and 10 . Regarding the part of the exhaust visible on the figure 6 and forming part of the second set, the exhaust 13 comprises a fixed escape wheel 42, having teeth arranged towards its center, these teeth cooperating with an anchor 43 visible on the figure 10 .
  • the escape wheel 42 is integral with the chassis. It is visible in particular on the figure 6 .
  • the second assembly further comprises a ball bearing 44 linked to the chassis and arranged to hold the third assembly on the second assembly, while allowing a rotary movement of this third assembly relative to the second assembly.
  • the third set 45 of the regulation mechanism 10 is visible on the figures 1 and 7 to 11 .
  • This third assembly essentially comprises a balance-spring assembly 11, a toothed wheel here called return wheel 47.
  • the ball bearing 44 makes it possible to maintain this third assembly 45 on the chassis 36 of the second assembly 35.
  • the balance-spring balance 11 is formed by a balance twill 49 and a spiral spring 48.
  • the arms 50 are not arranged in the plane of the serge 49.
  • the arms 50 are in fact fixed to the axis of pendulum 12 in a plane different from the plane of the serge 49.
  • the arms 50 and the serge 49 thus form a cavity or a bell-shaped zone.
  • the spiral spring 48 has a helical shape and is housed inside the bell-shaped cavity formed by the serge 49 and the arms 50 of the balance 11.
  • the spiral spring can have an outer casing of cylindrical, conical or spherical shape for example.
  • the third assembly 45 comprises a bearing 51 in which one end of the pendulum axis 12 is placed so as to be able to pivot.
  • the pendulum axis 12 is thus held in the bearing 51 of the third assembly 45 and is guided in the bearing 41 of the second assembly 35.
  • the return wheel 47 is arranged so as to be able to pivot about an axis of rotation 52 of the third assembly aligned with the balance axis 12.
  • the figure 9 illustrates the third set 45 of the regulation mechanism 10 mounted on the second set 35.
  • the connection between the second and the third set is made by means of ball bearing 44 which allows the rotation of the third set with respect to the second set.
  • the pendulum axis 12 is held on the one hand by the bearing 51 of the third set and on the other hand, it is guided by the bearing 41 of the arm 37 of the second set.
  • the figure 10 more particularly illustrates a possible embodiment of the escapement used in a timepiece movement according to the present invention.
  • this exhaust 13 is an exhaust known under the name Potter exhaust.
  • This exhaust 13 essentially comprises a double plate 53 provided with a dowel 54 secured to the balance pin 12, the anchor 43 and the escape wheel 42.
  • the escape wheel 42 is fixed relative to the chassis of the second assembly 35 and has teeth directed towards the center of this escape wheel 42.
  • the anchor 43 is supported by the third assembly 45 of the regulation mechanism and is movable on a circle centered on the balance axis 12.
  • This anchor 43 comprises two pallets 55 which cooperate alternately with the teeth of the escape wheel 42.
  • exhausts and / or other configurations can be used, in particular a configuration in which the escapement wheel is movable, the latter being driven in rotation for example by an internal toothed wheel secured to the chassis.
  • the figure 11 illustrates the three mounted assemblies, part of the first assembly 14, namely the carousel wheel, not being illustrated.
  • the pivots 38 of the chassis of the second set 35 are mounted on the bearings 29 of the first set 14 so as to allow the rotation of this second set 35 around the axis 39 or of the straight line 30 materialized by these pivots 38.
  • the wheel of return 47 of the third set 45 meshes with the field wheel 19 of the first set 14.
  • the axis of rotation 52 of the third assembly 45 can be aligned with the axis of rotation 28 of the first assembly 14.
  • a certain distance "d” separates these two axes, this distance depending in particular on the shape of the arm 37 of the second assembly 35.
  • the choice of the distance "d" between these two axes 52, 28 in particular makes it possible to determine the curve of the displacement of the balance axis 12.
  • the regulating mechanism 10 used in a movement according to the present invention operates in the following manner.
  • the first set 14 of the regulating mechanism 10 is held on the plate by means of the pivot 27 arranged on the side of the rod 22.
  • This first set 14 is also held by a bridge (not shown) by means of the pivot 27 arranged on the side of the cage 17.
  • the rod 22 of the first set supports the carousel wheel 31.
  • This first set 14 of the regulation mechanism also supports the second set 35 of the regulation mechanism by the fact that the pivots 38 of the chassis 36 of the second set are arranged in the bearings 29 of the first set.
  • the toothed wheel 40 of the second assembly 35 meshes with the field wheel 32 of the carousel wheel 31.
  • the moving member 23 When the moving member 23 receives energy from the energy source, this energy being transmitted by the train of movement of the timepiece.
  • the upper toothed wheel 25 of this moving member 23 drives the toothed wheel 34 of the carousel wheel 31.
  • the lower toothed wheel 26 of the moving member 23 drives the toothed wheel 21 of the setting mechanism 18 rotation of the cage 17.
  • the carousel wheel 31 of the first set 14 then pivots around the axis of rotation 28 of the first set at a first speed of rotation.
  • the second part 15 of the first set 14 and in particular the cage 17, also pivots around the axis of rotation 28 of the first set, at a second speed of rotation.
  • the engagement of the field wheel 31 of the first set 14 with the toothed wheel 40 of the second set 35 has the effect of generating the rotation of this second set 35 about the axis of rotation 39 defined by the two pivots 38 of this second set.
  • This rotation also has the effect of displacing the balance axis 12 in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation 39 of the second assembly 35.
  • the rotation of the toothed wheel 31 of the first set 14 of the regulation mechanism has the effect of moving the field wheel 19 of the first set around the axis of rotation 28 of this first set.
  • the return wheel 47 of the third set meshing with the field wheel 19 of the first set, the rotation of the cage 17 of the first set generates a rotation of the third set 45 around the axis of rotation 52 of the third set.
  • the upper toothed wheel 25 and the lower toothed wheel 26 of the actuating member 23 are integral.
  • the upper gear 25 meshes with the gear 34 of the carousel wheel 31.
  • the lower gear 26 meshes with the gear 21 of the mechanism 18 for rotating the cage 17 of the first assembly.
  • the field wheel 19 of the first part 15 of the first set 14 meshes with the return wheel 47 of the third set 45.
  • the toothed wheel 40 of the second set 35 meshes with the field wheel 32 of the carousel wheel 31.
  • the regulating mechanism 10 makes it possible to move the pendulum axis according to a chosen three-dimensional curve and makes it possible for this pendulum to take all kinds of positions. This represents an important improvement compared to a regulating mechanism of the traditional tourbillon type. Indeed, in a traditional tourbillon, the curve on which the pendulum axis moves is two-dimensional, which implies that the regulating system is only effective when the timepiece is in a precise position.
  • the regulatory mechanism of the invention can have a regulating effect whatever the position of the timepiece.
  • the movement of the regulating mechanism is also particular and gives the timepiece in which it is mounted, an original character.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un mouvement d'horlogerie comportant une source d'énergie, un rouage, un mécanisme de régulation (10) alimenté par ladite source d'énergie par l'intermédiaire du rouage, et une platine supportant le mécanisme de régulation (10). Le mécanisme de régulation comporte un ensemble balancier-spiral (11) et un échappement (13). Le mécanisme de régulation (10) comporte un premier ensemble (14) engrenant avec au moins une roue dudit rouage, ce premier ensemble (14) étant pivotant autour d'un axe de rotation (28) du premier ensemble, cet axe de rotation (28) du premier ensemble étant fixe par rapport à ladite platine. Le mécanisme d'horlogerie comporte en outre un deuxième ensemble (35) monté sur ledit premier ensemble (14) et pivotant autour d'un axe de rotation (39) du deuxième ensemble, l'axe de rotation (28) du premier ensemble et l'axe de rotation (39) du deuxième ensemble n'étant pas confondus. Le mécanisme d'horlogerie comporte également un troisième ensemble (45) monté sur ledit deuxième ensemble (35) et pivotant autour d'un axe de rotation (52) du troisième ensemble, l'axe de rotation (39) du deuxième ensemble et l'axe de rotation (52) du troisième ensemble n'étant pas confondus. Le deuxième ensemble (35) comporte un pallier (41) disposé sur ledit axe de rotation (52) du troisième ensemble (45) et l'ensemble balancier-spiral (11) comporte un une serge de balancier (49) pivotant autour d'un axe de balancier (12) monté d'une part sur ledit troisième ensemble (45) et d'autre part sur ledit palier (41) du deuxième ensemble (35).L'invention concerne également une pièce d'horlogerie comportant un tel mouvement.The present invention relates to a timepiece movement comprising an energy source, a gear train, a regulation mechanism (10) supplied by said energy source via the gear train, and a plate supporting the regulation mechanism (10 ). The regulation mechanism includes a balance-spring assembly (11) and an exhaust (13). The regulation mechanism (10) comprises a first assembly (14) meshing with at least one wheel of said gear train, this first assembly (14) being pivotable about an axis of rotation (28) of the first assembly, this axis of rotation ( 28) of the first set being fixed relative to said plate. The clock mechanism further comprises a second assembly (35) mounted on said first assembly (14) and pivoting about an axis of rotation (39) of the second assembly, the axis of rotation (28) of the first assembly and the axis of rotation (39) of the second set not being merged. The clock mechanism also includes a third assembly (45) mounted on said second assembly (35) and pivoting about an axis of rotation (52) of the third assembly, the axis of rotation (39) of the second assembly and l 'axis of rotation (52) of the third set is not merged. The second assembly (35) comprises a bearing (41) disposed on said axis of rotation (52) of the third assembly (45) and the balance-spring assembly (11) comprises a balance beam (49) pivoting around a pendulum pin (12) mounted on the one hand on said third assembly (45) and on the other hand on said bearing (41) of the second assembly (35). The invention also relates to a timepiece comprising such a movement.

Description

DOMAINE TECHNIQUETECHNICAL AREA

La présente invention concerne mouvement d'horlogerie destiné à être placé dans un boîtier d'une pièce d'horlogerie, ce mouvement comportant une source d'énergie, un rouage, un mécanisme de régulation alimenté par ladite source d'énergie par l'intermédiaire du rouage, et une platine supportant le mécanisme de régulation, ce mécanisme de régulation comportant un ensemble balancier-spiral et un échappement.The present invention relates to a timepiece movement intended to be placed in a case of a timepiece, this movement comprising an energy source, a gear train, a regulation mechanism supplied by said energy source via of the train, and a plate supporting the regulation mechanism, this regulation mechanism comprising a balance-spring and an escapement.

La présente invention concerne également une pièce d'horlogerie comportant un tel mouvement d'horlogerie.The present invention also relates to a timepiece comprising such a timepiece movement.

TECHNIQUE ANTERIEUREPRIOR ART

Des mouvements d'horlogerie comportant au moins un mécanisme de régulation de type tourbillon ou carrousel sont connus de longue date. Ces mécanismes de régulation ont été mis au point dans le but d'améliorer l'isochronisme du mouvement de la pièce d'horlogerie en rendant ce mouvement moins sensible à sa position. Plus particulièrement, le mécanisme de régulation a pour effet de déplacer le balancier au cours du temps, de façon à lui faire prendre différentes positions. La moyenne des défauts d'isochronisme en fonction de la position du balancier est en principe plus proche de zéro que les défauts d'isochronisme dans une position particulière du mouvement.Clock movements comprising at least one regulating mechanism of the tourbillon or carousel type have been known for a long time. These regulatory mechanisms have been developed with the aim of improving the isochronism of the movement of the timepiece by making this movement less sensitive to its position. More particularly, the regulation mechanism has the effect of moving the balance over time, so as to make it take different positions. The average of isochronism faults as a function of the position of the balance is in principle closer to zero than isochronism faults in a particular position of the movement.

A l'origine, les mécanismes de régulation de type tourbillon ou carrousel ont été développés pour des montres de poche qui sont généralement maintenues dans des positions verticales. De tels mécanismes de régulation sont moins pertinents pour des montres de type montre-bracelet, pour lesquelles la position change souvent, selon les mouvements du porteur de la montre.Originally, tourbillon or carousel type regulatory mechanisms were developed for pocket watches which are generally held in vertical positions. Such regulatory mechanisms are less relevant for watches of the wristwatch type, for which position changes often, depending on the movements of the wearer of the watch.

Pour tenir compte des mouvements variables du porteur de la montre et des changements de positions et d'orientation de cette montre, différents mouvements de montres ont été développés, contenant par exemple deux, voire trois tourbillons mobiles selon des axes différents, par exemple des axes orthogonaux. Dans ces réalisations, chaque tourbillon comporte un balancier, la position des axes des balanciers étant fixe lors du fonctionnement du tourbillon.To take into account the variable movements of the wearer of the watch and the changes in position and orientation of this watch, different watch movements have been developed, containing for example two or even three tourbillons movable along different axes, for example axes orthogonal. In these embodiments, each tourbillon includes a balance wheel, the position of the axes of the balance wheels being fixed during the operation of the tourbillon.

Il existe également des mouvements de pièces d'horlogerie comportant un seul balancier porté par un mécanisme de régulation déplaçant ce balancier selon des axes non parallèles. Dans les réalisations connues utilisant ce principe, le déplacement du balancier se fait selon un cône. La gamme des positions atteintes par l'axe de balancier est en fait assez limitée.There are also movements of timepieces comprising a single pendulum carried by a regulating mechanism moving this pendulum along non-parallel axes. In known embodiments using this principle, the movement of the balance is made according to a cone. The range of positions reached by the pendulum axis is actually quite limited.

Dans toutes les réalisations connues dans lesquelles le balancier est déplacé selon deux axes, le mécanisme de régulation est un tourbillon, en ce sens qu'il comporte une cage fixe. Les réalisations de ces tourbillons multi-axes impliquent l'utilisation d'un grand nombre de pièces, ce qui a pour effet d'augmenter la complexité de la réalisation, d'augmenter l'encombrement et la masse et par conséquent, de diminuer le rendement du mouvement de la pièce d'horlogerie.In all known embodiments in which the balance is moved along two axes, the regulating mechanism is a vortex, in the sense that it comprises a fixed cage. The realizations of these multi-axis tourbillons imply the use of a large number of parts, which has the effect of increasing the complexity of the realization, increasing the size and the mass and consequently, decreasing the efficiency of the timepiece movement.

Il n'existe pas de mouvement de pièces d'horlogerie qui permette de déplacer l'axe de balancier selon un grand nombre de positions et d'orientations différentes, tout en restant léger, donc en assurant un bon rendement ou une consommation d'énergie relativement faible.There is no movement of timepieces which makes it possible to move the pendulum axis according to a large number of different positions and orientations, while remaining light, thus ensuring good efficiency or energy consumption relatively small.

EXPOSE DE L'INVENTIONSTATEMENT OF THE INVENTION

La présente invention se propose de réaliser un mouvement d'horlogerie dans lequel un balancier-spiral est mobile dans un grand nombre de positions et d'orientations différentes, en restant aussi léger que possible de façon à ce que ce mouvement ait une consommation d'énergie aussi faible que possible.The present invention proposes to produce a timepiece movement in which a balance-spring is movable in a large number of positions and of different orientations, remaining as light as possible so that this movement has as low energy consumption as possible.

Le but de l'invention est atteint par un mouvement d'horlogerie tel que défini en préambule et caractérisé en ce que :

  • le mécanisme de régulation comporte :
    • un premier ensemble engrenant avec au moins une roue dudit rouage, ce premier ensemble étant pivotant autour d'un axe de rotation du premier ensemble, cet axe de rotation du premier ensemble étant fixe par rapport à ladite platine ;
    • un deuxième ensemble monté sur ledit premier ensemble et étant pivotant autour d'un axe de rotation du deuxième ensemble, l'axe de rotation du premier ensemble et l'axe de rotation du deuxième ensemble n'étant pas confondus ;
    • un troisième ensemble monté sur ledit deuxième ensemble et étant pivotant autour d'un axe de rotation du troisième ensemble, l'axe de rotation du deuxième ensemble et l'axe de rotation du troisième ensemble n'étant pas confondus ;
  • le deuxième ensemble comporte un pallier disposé sur ledit axe de rotation du troisième ensemble;
  • l'ensemble balancier-spiral comporte une serge de balancier pivotant autour d'un axe de balancier, l'axe de balancier étant monté d'une part sur ledit troisième ensemble et d'autre part sur ledit palier du deuxième ensemble.
The object of the invention is achieved by a timepiece movement as defined in the preamble and characterized in that:
  • the regulatory mechanism includes:
    • a first assembly meshing with at least one wheel of said train, this first assembly being pivotable about an axis of rotation of the first assembly, this axis of rotation of the first assembly being fixed relative to said plate;
    • a second assembly mounted on said first assembly and being pivotable about an axis of rotation of the second assembly, the axis of rotation of the first assembly and the axis of rotation of the second assembly not being combined;
    • a third assembly mounted on said second assembly and being pivotable about an axis of rotation of the third assembly, the axis of rotation of the second assembly and the axis of rotation of the third assembly not being combined;
  • the second set includes a bearing disposed on said axis of rotation of the third set;
  • the balance-spring assembly comprises a pendulum twist pivoting about a balance axis, the balance axis being mounted on the one hand on said third assembly and on the other on said bearing of the second assembly.

Le but de l'invention est également atteint par une pièce d'horlogerie comportant un tel mouvement.The object of the invention is also achieved by a timepiece comprising such a movement.

Selon l'invention, il est possible de choisir la géométrie du déplacement de l'axe de balancier. Une extrémité de l'axe de balancier peut se déplacer selon une courbe tridimensionnelle formant un tore plus ou moins ouvert, voire selon une sphère, qui est un cas particulier d'un tore. De cette façon, l'axe de balancier peut prendre un grand nombre de positions différentes et la correction de l'isochronisme de la pièce d'horlogerie ne dépend plus de la position de celle-ci.According to the invention, it is possible to choose the geometry of the displacement of the pendulum axis. One end of the pendulum axis can move along a three-dimensional curve forming a more or less open torus, or even according to a sphere, which is a special case of a torus. In this way, the balance axis can take a large number of different positions and the correction of the isochronism of the timepiece no longer depends on the position thereof.

Selon cette invention, il est possible de choisir le sens de rotation en entrée du mécanisme de régulation, sans devoir modifier les pièces formant l'échappement. En effet, par l'utilisation d'un mécanisme différentiel, il est possible de fixer le sens de rotation de l'échappement quel que soit le sens de rotation du mécanisme de régulation à l'entrée de ce mécanisme de régulation.According to this invention, it is possible to choose the direction of rotation at the input of the regulation mechanism, without having to modify the parts forming the exhaust. Indeed, by the use of a differential mechanism, it is possible to fix the direction of rotation of the exhaust whatever the direction of rotation of the regulation mechanism at the entry of this regulation mechanism.

Le mécanisme de régulation peut être intégré à une montre-bracelet de façon à ce que ce mécanisme soit visible. De par son fonctionnement particulièrement original, il apporte à la montre un aspect esthétique tout à fait remarquable.The regulation mechanism can be integrated into a wristwatch so that this mechanism is visible. By its particularly original functioning, it brings to the watch a completely remarkable aesthetic aspect.

DESCRIPTION SOMMAIRE DES DESSINSSUMMARY DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

La présente invention et ses avantages seront mieux compris en référence aux figures annexées et à la description détaillée d'un mode de réalisation particulier, dans lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 est une vue d'ensemble d'un mécanisme de régulation utilisé dans un mouvement d'horlogerie selon la présente invention ;
  • la figure 2 représente une vue de détail d'une partie d'un premier ensemble du mécanisme de régulation de la figure 1, selon un premier angle de vision;
  • la figure 3 est une vue de la première partie du mécanisme de régulation de la figure 2, selon un deuxième angle de vision;
  • la figure 4 représente une vue de détail d'une deuxième partie du premier ensemble du mécanisme de régulation de la figure 1;
  • la figure 5 illustre un deuxième ensemble du mécanisme de régulation de la figure 1, selon un premier angle de vision;
  • la figure 6 représente le deuxième ensemble de la figure 5, selon un deuxième angle de vision;
  • la figure 7 représente un troisième ensemble du mécanisme de régulation de la figure 1;
  • la figure 8 est une vue en coupe du troisième ensemble illustré par la figure 7 et d'une partie du deuxième ensemble de la figure 5 ;
  • la figure 9 illustre le troisième ensemble de la figure 7, monté sur le deuxième ensemble de la figure 5, selon un premier angle de vision;
  • la figure 10 illustre les deuxième et troisième ensembles de la figure 9, selon un deuxième angle de vision; et
  • la figure 11 illustre la première partie du premier ensemble de la figure 2, le deuxième ensemble de la figure 5 et le troisième ensemble de la figure 7 lorsqu'ils sont assemblés en vue de l'utilisation du mécanisme de régulation.
The present invention and its advantages will be better understood with reference to the appended figures and to the detailed description of a particular embodiment, in which:
  • the figure 1 is an overview of a regulating mechanism used in a timepiece movement according to the present invention;
  • the figure 2 represents a detailed view of part of a first set of the mechanism for regulating the figure 1 , according to a first viewing angle;
  • the figure 3 is a view of the first part of the regulatory mechanism of figure 2 , according to a second viewing angle;
  • the figure 4 represents a detail view of a second part of the first set of the mechanism for regulating the figure 1 ;
  • the figure 5 illustrates a second set of the regulatory mechanism for figure 1 , according to a first viewing angle;
  • the figure 6 represents the second set of the figure 5 , according to a second viewing angle;
  • the figure 7 represents a third set of the regulatory mechanism for figure 1 ;
  • the figure 8 is a sectional view of the third assembly illustrated by the figure 7 and part of the second set of the figure 5 ;
  • the figure 9 illustrates the third set of the figure 7 , mounted on the second set of the figure 5 , according to a first viewing angle;
  • the figure 10 illustrates the second and third sets of the figure 9 , according to a second viewing angle; and
  • the figure 11 illustrates the first part of the first set of the figure 2 , the second set of the figure 5 and the third set of the figure 7 when assembled for the use of the regulating mechanism.

MANIERES DE REALISER L'INVENTIONWAYS TO IMPLEMENT THE INVENTION

En référence aux figures, le mouvement d'horlogerie selon la présente invention est destiné à être placé dans un boîtier (non représenté) d'une pièce d'horlogerie telle que notamment une montre de type montre-bracelet. Une telle pièce d'horlogerie comporte, de façon conventionnelle, une platine supportant notamment un système moteur ayant une source d'énergie, et un rouage formé d'engrenages entraînés en rotation par le système moteur. La platine supporte en outre un mécanisme de régulation 10 qui fait l'objet des figures 1 à 11 et qui est décrit en détails plus bas.With reference to the figures, the timepiece movement according to the present invention is intended to be placed in a case (not shown) of a timepiece such as in particular a watch of the wristwatch type. Such a timepiece conventionally comprises a plate supporting in particular a motor system having a power source, and a cog formed of gears driven in rotation by the motor system. The plate further supports a regulation mechanism 10 which is the subject of Figures 1 to 11 and which is described in detail below.

La source d'énergie peut en particulier être formée d'un ou plusieurs barillets comportant un ressort de barillet. Le système moteur entraîne en rotation le rouage du mouvement d'horlogerie. Ce rouage pouvant être conventionnel, il n'est pas détaillé ici.The energy source can in particular be formed by one or more barrels comprising a barrel spring. The engine system rotates the cog of the clockwork movement. This cog can be conventional, it is not detailed here.

De façon conventionnelle également, les composants du système moteur et du rouage sont liés à la platine et sont fixes dans les plans dans lesquels ils peuvent tourner. Par convention et par soucis de simplification, le plan général formé par la platine est nommé plan horizontal. Les axes, en particulier les axes de rotation des roues dentées disposées dans des plans parallèles au plan horizontal, sont nommés axes verticaux.Also in a conventional manner, the components of the engine system and of the gear train are linked to the plate and are fixed in the planes in which they can rotate. By convention and for the sake of simplification, the general plane formed by the plate is called horizontal plane. The axes, in in particular the axes of rotation of the toothed wheels arranged in planes parallel to the horizontal plane, are called vertical axes.

Le mécanisme de régulation 10 selon l'invention comporte notamment un balancier 11 pivotant autour d'un axe de balancier 12 et un échappement 13. Le mécanisme de régulation 10 peut être séparé en trois ensembles qui interagissent de façon à déplacer l'axe de balancier 12 selon trois directions distinctes, la combinaison des déplacements selon ces trois directions aboutissant au déplacement d'une extrémité de l'axe de balancier selon un tore, qui peut également être une sphère.The regulating mechanism 10 according to the invention notably comprises a pendulum 11 pivoting about a pendulum axis 12 and an escapement 13. The regulating mechanism 10 can be separated into three assemblies which interact so as to move the pendulum axis 12 in three distinct directions, the combination of displacements in these three directions resulting in the displacement of one end of the pendulum axis in a torus, which can also be a sphere.

Les trois ensembles du mécanisme de régulation 10 sont liés de telle façon que le troisième ensemble est lié au deuxième ensemble et interagit avec le premier ensemble et le premier ensemble porte le deuxième ensemble. Chacun de ces ensembles peut pivoter autour d'un axe, certain axes des trois ensembles étant orthogonaux deux à deux, dans le mode de réalisation illustré.The three sets of the regulation mechanism 10 are linked in such a way that the third set is linked to the second set and interacts with the first set and the first set carries the second set. Each of these assemblies can pivot around an axis, certain axes of the three assemblies being orthogonal two by two, in the illustrated embodiment.

Le premier ensemble 14 est illustré au moins partiellement par les figures 1 à 4 et 11. La figure 1 représente le premier ensemble tel qu'il est monté dans un mouvement de pièce d'horlogerie selon l'invention. Les figures 2 et 3 représentent une première partie de ce premier ensemble seul.The first assembly 14 is illustrated at least partially by the figures 1 to 4 and 11 . The figure 1 represents the first assembly as it is mounted in a timepiece movement according to the invention. The figures 2 and 3 represent a first part of this first set alone.

Le premier ensemble 14 est formé de deux parties, une première partie 15 étant illustrée par les figures 2 et 3 et une deuxième partie 16 étant illustrée par la figure 4.The first assembly 14 is formed of two parts, a first part 15 being illustrated by the figures 2 and 3 and a second part 16 being illustrated by the figure 4 .

La première partie 15 du premier ensemble 14 comporte notamment une cage 17, un mécanisme 18 de mise en rotation de la cage, une roue dentée de type roue de champ 19 et un support de deuxième ensemble 20.The first part 15 of the first assembly 14 comprises in particular a cage 17, a mechanism 18 for rotating the cage, a toothed wheel of the field wheel type 19 and a support for the second assembly 20.

Le mécanisme 18 de mise en rotation de la cage comporte une roue dentée 21 solidaire d'une tige 22.The mechanism 18 for rotating the cage comprises a toothed wheel 21 secured to a rod 22.

Comme indiqué précédemment, le mouvement de la pièce d'horlogerie comporte un rouage lié cinématiquement à une source d'énergie. Ce rouage aboutit au mécanisme de régulation 10 et transmet l'énergie à ce mécanisme de régulation.As indicated above, the movement of the timepiece includes a train linked kinematically to an energy source. This cog leads to the regulation mechanism 10 and transmits energy to this regulation mechanism.

Le dernier composant du rouage avant le mécanisme de régulation, c'est-à-dire le composant qui fournit l'énergie à ce mécanisme de régulation, nommé ici organe de mise en mouvement 23 est visible sur la figure 1 et comporte un pignon 24 et deux roues dentées, à savoir une roue dentée supérieure 25 et une roue dentée inférieure 26, disposés de façon coaxiale. Le pignon 24 et les deux roues dentées 25, 26 sont solidaires entre eux, de façon que la rotation du pignon 24 entraîne la rotation des deux roues dentées.The last component of the train before the regulating mechanism, that is to say the component which supplies energy to this regulating mechanism, here called the actuating member 23 is visible on the figure 1 and comprises a pinion 24 and two toothed wheels, namely an upper toothed wheel 25 and a lower toothed wheel 26, arranged coaxially. The pinion 24 and the two toothed wheels 25, 26 are integral with each other, so that the rotation of the pinion 24 causes the rotation of the two toothed wheels.

L'organe de mise en mouvement 23 comporte un axe de rotation perpendiculaire au plan général de la platine dans laquelle le mouvement de la pièce d'horlogerie est monté.The movement-setting member 23 comprises an axis of rotation perpendicular to the general plane of the plate in which the movement of the timepiece is mounted.

L'énergie de la source d'énergie est transmise par le rouage au pignon 24 de l'organe de mise en mouvement 23, ce qui a pour effet de faire tourner ce pignon autour de son axe de rotation et ce qui entraîne également la rotation des deux roues dentées 25, 26 de cet organe de mise en mouvement.The energy from the energy source is transmitted by the gear train to the pinion 24 of the actuating member 23, which has the effect of rotating this pinion around its axis of rotation and which also causes the rotation of the two toothed wheels 25, 26 of this movement setting member.

Les caractéristiques des deux roues dentées de l'organe de mise en mouvement, à savoir le nombre de dents et les diamètres des roues, sont différentes, de façon à former un différentiel dont la fonction est expliquée plus bas.The characteristics of the two toothed wheels of the actuating member, namely the number of teeth and the diameters of the wheels, are different, so as to form a differential whose function is explained below.

Lorsque le mécanisme de régulation 10 est monté dans le boîtier de la pièce d'horlogerie, la roue dentée 21 du premier ensemble 14 engrène avec la roue dentée inférieure 26 de l'organe de mise en mouvement 23.When the regulating mechanism 10 is mounted in the case of the timepiece, the toothed wheel 21 of the first assembly 14 meshes with the lower toothed wheel 26 of the setting member 23.

Le premier ensemble 14 comporte une paire de pivots 27 alignés avec un axe de rotation de la tige 22 du premier ensemble, l'un des pivots étant disposé à proximité de la roue dentée 21 solidaire de la tige 22 et l'autre pivot étant disposé à l'extrémité opposée de la cage 17. Ces deux pivots 27 permettent la rotation du premier ensemble 14 autour d'un axe de rotation 28 défini par ces deux pivots 27.The first set 14 comprises a pair of pivots 27 aligned with an axis of rotation of the rod 22 of the first set, one of the pivots being disposed near the toothed wheel 21 integral with the rod 22 and the other pivot being disposed at the opposite end of the cage 17. These two pivots 27 allow the first assembly 14 to rotate about an axis of rotation 28 defined by these two pivots 27.

Le support 20 de deuxième ensemble comporte une paire de paliers 29 disposés l'un en face de l'autre, de façon à pouvoir recevoir un axe, comme cela est expliqué plus bas. Une droite 30 reliant ces deux paliers 29 est perpendiculaire à l'axe 28 du premier ensemble.The support 20 of the second set comprises a pair of bearings 29 arranged one opposite the other, so as to be able to receive an axis, as explained below. A straight line 30 connecting these two bearings 29 is perpendicular to the axis 28 of the first set.

La roue de champ 19 du premier ensemble est solidaire de la cage 17. Cette roue de champ 19 est disposée dans un plan parallèle à un plan contenant l'axe de rotation 28 du premier ensemble. Cette roue de champ 19 est fixée à la cage 17 et présente un centre vide, permettant la rotation de composants à l'intérieur de cette roue de champ.The field wheel 19 of the first set is integral with the cage 17. This field wheel 19 is arranged in a plane parallel to a plane containing the axis of rotation 28 of the first set. This field wheel 19 is fixed to the cage 17 and has an empty center, allowing the rotation of components inside this field wheel.

La deuxième partie 16 du premier ensemble 14, illustrée par la figure 4 est formée d'une roue de carrousel 31. Cette roue de carrousel 31 est formée essentiellement d'une roue dentée de type roue de champ 32, d'un tube cylindrique 33 et d'une roue dentée 34 à denture droite. La roue de champ 32 et la roue dentée 34 à denture droite ont des axes de symétrie confondus, ces deux éléments étant en outre solidaires du tube cylindrique 33.The second part 16 of the first set 14, illustrated by the figure 4 is formed by a carousel wheel 31. This carousel wheel 31 is essentially formed by a toothed wheel of the field wheel type 32, a cylindrical tube 33 and a toothed wheel 34 with straight teeth. The field wheel 32 and the toothed wheel 34 with straight teeth have coincident axes of symmetry, these two elements also being integral with the cylindrical tube 33.

La roue de carrousel 31 est montée sur la tige 22 de la première partie 15 du premier ensemble 14 de façon à pouvoir être supportée par cette tige et à pouvoir pivoter autour de cette tige avec un frottement minime. A cet effet, un roulement à billes est disposé dans le tube cylindrique 33 autour de la tige 22.The carousel wheel 31 is mounted on the rod 22 of the first part 15 of the first assembly 14 so as to be able to be supported by this rod and to be able to pivot around this rod with minimal friction. To this end, a ball bearing is placed in the cylindrical tube 33 around the rod 22.

Le deuxième ensemble 35 est illustré par les figures 1, 5, 6 et 9 à 11. Il est illustré de façon détaillée par la figure 5. Ce deuxième ensemble comporte essentiellement un châssis 36 et un bras 37 agencé pour maintenir une extrémité de l'axe de balancier 12. Le châssis 36 est muni d'une paire de pivots 38 alignés, agencés pour permettre au châssis 36 de pivoter autour d'un axe 39 reliant ces deux pivots 38. Une roue dentée 40 à denture droite est solidaire du châssis 36, la fonction de cette roue dentée 40 étant expliquée plus bas.The second set 35 is illustrated by the figures 1 , 5 , 6 and 9 to 11 . It is illustrated in detail by the figure 5 . This second assembly essentially comprises a frame 36 and an arm 37 arranged to hold one end of the balance pin 12. The frame 36 is provided with a pair of aligned pivots 38, arranged to allow the frame 36 to pivot around. an axis 39 connecting these two pivots 38. A toothed wheel 40 with straight teeth is secured to the frame 36, the function of this toothed wheel 40 being explained below.

Le bras 37 du châssis est muni d'un palier 41 coopérant avec un palier du troisième ensemble, décrit plus bas. Ces deux paliers sont agencés pour maintenir l'axe de balancier 12.The arm 37 of the chassis is provided with a bearing 41 cooperating with a bearing of the third assembly, described below. These two bearings are arranged to maintain the balance pin 12.

Dans le mode de réalisation illustré, le mécanisme de régulation 10 comporte un échappement 13 illustré sous la forme d'un échappement de Potter. Cet échappement est au moins partiellement visible sur les figures 6 et 10. En ce qui concerne la partie de l'échappement visible sur la figure 6 et faisant partie du deuxième ensemble, l'échappement 13 comporte une roue d'échappement 42 fixe, ayant des dents disposées vers son centre, ces dents coopérant avec une ancre 43 visible sur la figure 10. La roue d'échappement 42 est solidaire du châssis. Elle est visible en particulier sur la figure 6.In the illustrated embodiment, the regulating mechanism 10 includes an exhaust 13 illustrated in the form of a Potter exhaust. This exhaust is at least partially visible on the figures 6 and 10 . Regarding the part of the exhaust visible on the figure 6 and forming part of the second set, the exhaust 13 comprises a fixed escape wheel 42, having teeth arranged towards its center, these teeth cooperating with an anchor 43 visible on the figure 10 . The escape wheel 42 is integral with the chassis. It is visible in particular on the figure 6 .

Le deuxième ensemble comporte en outre un roulement à billes 44 lié au châssis et agencé pour maintenir le troisième ensemble sur le deuxième ensemble, tout en permettant un mouvement rotatif de ce troisième ensemble par rapport au deuxième ensemble.The second assembly further comprises a ball bearing 44 linked to the chassis and arranged to hold the third assembly on the second assembly, while allowing a rotary movement of this third assembly relative to the second assembly.

Le troisième ensemble 45 du mécanisme de régulation 10 est visible sur les figures 1 et 7 à 11. Ce troisième ensemble comporte essentiellement un ensemble balancier-spiral 11, une roue dentée appelé ici roue de renvoi 47. Le roulement à billes 44 permet de maintenir ce troisième ensemble 45 sur le châssis 36 du deuxième ensemble 35.The third set 45 of the regulation mechanism 10 is visible on the figures 1 and 7 to 11 . This third assembly essentially comprises a balance-spring assembly 11, a toothed wheel here called return wheel 47. The ball bearing 44 makes it possible to maintain this third assembly 45 on the chassis 36 of the second assembly 35.

L'ensemble balancier-spiral 11 est formé d'une serge de balancier 49 et d'un ressort spiral 48.The balance-spring balance 11 is formed by a balance twill 49 and a spiral spring 48.

La serge 49 maintenue par des bras 50 à l'axe de balancier 12. Dans le mode de réalisation illustré, les bras 50 ne sont pas disposés dans le plan de la serge 49. Les bras 50 sont en effet fixés à l'axe de balancier 12 dans un plan différent du plan de la serge 49. Les bras 50 et la serge 49 forment ainsi une cavité ou une zone en forme de cloche.The serge 49 held by arms 50 to the pendulum axis 12. In the illustrated embodiment, the arms 50 are not arranged in the plane of the serge 49. The arms 50 are in fact fixed to the axis of pendulum 12 in a plane different from the plane of the serge 49. The arms 50 and the serge 49 thus form a cavity or a bell-shaped zone.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, le ressort spiral 48 a une forme hélicoïdale et est logé à l'intérieur de la cavité en forme de cloche formé par la serge 49 et les bras 50 du balancier 11.In this embodiment, the spiral spring 48 has a helical shape and is housed inside the bell-shaped cavity formed by the serge 49 and the arms 50 of the balance 11.

Le ressort spiral peut avoir une enveloppe extérieure de forme cylindrique, conique ou sphérique par exemple.The spiral spring can have an outer casing of cylindrical, conical or spherical shape for example.

En lieu et place d'un balancier ayant une zone en forme de cloche et un ressort spiral qui n'est pas disposés dans un plan, il est également possible d'utiliser un balancier conventionnel, dans lequel les bras sont coplanaires à la serge et un ressort spiral également plan.In place of a pendulum having a bell-shaped area and a spiral spring which is not arranged in a plane, it is also possible to use a conventional pendulum, in which the arms are coplanar with the twill and also a planar spiral spring.

Le troisième ensemble 45 comporte un palier 51 dans lequel une extrémité de l'axe de balancier 12 est placée de façon pouvoir pivoter.The third assembly 45 comprises a bearing 51 in which one end of the pendulum axis 12 is placed so as to be able to pivot.

L'axe de balancier 12 est ainsi maintenu dans le palier 51 du troisième ensemble 45 et est guidé dans le palier 41 du deuxième ensemble 35.The pendulum axis 12 is thus held in the bearing 51 of the third assembly 45 and is guided in the bearing 41 of the second assembly 35.

La roue de renvoi 47 est agencée pour pouvoir pivoter autour d'un axe de rotation 52 du troisième ensemble aligné avec l'axe de balancier 12.The return wheel 47 is arranged so as to be able to pivot about an axis of rotation 52 of the third assembly aligned with the balance axis 12.

La figure 9 illustre le troisième ensemble 45 du mécanisme de régulation 10 monté sur le deuxième ensemble 35. La liaison entre le deuxième et le troisième ensemble est faite au moyen du roulement à bille 44 qui permet la rotation du troisième ensemble par rapport au deuxième ensemble. L'axe de balancier 12 est maintenu d'une part par le pallier 51 du troisième ensemble et d'autre part, il est guidé par le palier 41 du bras 37 du deuxième ensemble.The figure 9 illustrates the third set 45 of the regulation mechanism 10 mounted on the second set 35. The connection between the second and the third set is made by means of ball bearing 44 which allows the rotation of the third set with respect to the second set. The pendulum axis 12 is held on the one hand by the bearing 51 of the third set and on the other hand, it is guided by the bearing 41 of the arm 37 of the second set.

La figure 10 illustre plus particulièrement un mode de réalisation possible de l'échappement utilisé dans un mouvement de pièce d'horlogerie selon la présente invention. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, cet échappement 13 est un échappement connu sous le nom d'échappement de Potter. Cet échappement 13 comporte essentiellement un double plateau 53 muni d'une cheville 54 solidaire de l'axe de balancier 12, l'ancre 43 et la roue d'échappement 42.The figure 10 more particularly illustrates a possible embodiment of the escapement used in a timepiece movement according to the present invention. In the embodiment shown, this exhaust 13 is an exhaust known under the name Potter exhaust. This exhaust 13 essentially comprises a double plate 53 provided with a dowel 54 secured to the balance pin 12, the anchor 43 and the escape wheel 42.

Comme indiqué plus haut, la roue d'échappement 42 est fixe par rapport au châssis du deuxième ensemble 35 et comporte des dents dirigées vers le centre de cette roue d'échappement 42.As indicated above, the escape wheel 42 is fixed relative to the chassis of the second assembly 35 and has teeth directed towards the center of this escape wheel 42.

L'ancre 43 est supportée par le troisième ensemble 45 du mécanisme de régulation et est mobile sur un cercle centré sur l'axe de balancier 12.The anchor 43 is supported by the third assembly 45 of the regulation mechanism and is movable on a circle centered on the balance axis 12.

Cette ancre 43 comporte deux palettes 55 qui coopèrent alternativement avec les dents de la roue d'échappement 42.This anchor 43 comprises two pallets 55 which cooperate alternately with the teeth of the escape wheel 42.

D'autres types d'échappements et/ou d'autres configurations peuvent être utilisées notamment une configuration dans laquelle la roue d'échappement est mobile, celle-ci étant entraînée en rotation par exemple par une roue à denture intérieure solidaire du châssis.Other types of exhausts and / or other configurations can be used, in particular a configuration in which the escapement wheel is movable, the latter being driven in rotation for example by an internal toothed wheel secured to the chassis.

La figure 11 illustre les trois ensembles montés, une partie du premier ensemble 14, à savoir la roue de carrousel, n'étant pas illustrée. Les pivots 38 du châssis du deuxième ensemble 35 sont montés sur les paliers 29 du premier ensemble 14 de façon à permettre la rotation de ce deuxième ensemble 35 autour de l'axe 39 ou de la droite 30 matérialisée par ces pivots 38. La roue de renvoi 47 du troisième ensemble 45 engrène avec la roue de champ 19 du premier ensemble 14.The figure 11 illustrates the three mounted assemblies, part of the first assembly 14, namely the carousel wheel, not being illustrated. The pivots 38 of the chassis of the second set 35 are mounted on the bearings 29 of the first set 14 so as to allow the rotation of this second set 35 around the axis 39 or of the straight line 30 materialized by these pivots 38. The wheel of return 47 of the third set 45 meshes with the field wheel 19 of the first set 14.

Selon le mode de réalisation choisi, dans une certaine position relative des premier et deuxième ensembles, illustrée par la figure 11, l'axe de rotation 52 du troisième ensemble 45 peut être aligné avec l'axe de rotation 28 du premier ensemble 14. Lorsque ces deux axes sont alignés, une certaine distance "d" sépare ces deux axes, cette distance dépendant notamment de la forme du bras 37 du deuxième ensemble 35. Le choix de la distance "d" entre ces deux axes 52, 28 notamment permet de déterminer la courbe du déplacement de l'axe de balancier 12.According to the embodiment chosen, in a certain relative position of the first and second sets, illustrated by the figure 11 , the axis of rotation 52 of the third assembly 45 can be aligned with the axis of rotation 28 of the first assembly 14. When these two axes are aligned, a certain distance "d" separates these two axes, this distance depending in particular on the shape of the arm 37 of the second assembly 35. The choice of the distance "d" between these two axes 52, 28 in particular makes it possible to determine the curve of the displacement of the balance axis 12.

Le mécanisme de régulation 10 utilisé dans un mouvement selon la présente invention fonctionne de la manière suivante. Le premier ensemble 14 du mécanisme de régulation 10 est maintenu sur la platine au moyen du pivot 27 disposé du côté de la tige 22. Ce premier ensemble 14 est également maintenu par un pont (non représenté) au moyen du pivot 27 disposé du côté de la cage 17. La tige 22 du premier ensemble, supporte la roue de carrousel 31. Ce premier ensemble 14 du mécanisme de régulation supporte également le deuxième ensemble 35 du mécanisme de régulation par le fait que les pivots 38 du châssis 36 du deuxième ensemble sont disposés dans les paliers 29 du premier ensemble.The regulating mechanism 10 used in a movement according to the present invention operates in the following manner. The first set 14 of the regulating mechanism 10 is held on the plate by means of the pivot 27 arranged on the side of the rod 22. This first set 14 is also held by a bridge (not shown) by means of the pivot 27 arranged on the side of the cage 17. The rod 22 of the first set, supports the carousel wheel 31. This first set 14 of the regulation mechanism also supports the second set 35 of the regulation mechanism by the fact that the pivots 38 of the chassis 36 of the second set are arranged in the bearings 29 of the first set.

Lorsque ces éléments sont montés entre eux, la roue dentée 40 du deuxième ensemble 35 engrène avec la roue de champ 32 de la roue de carrousel 31.When these elements are mounted together, the toothed wheel 40 of the second assembly 35 meshes with the field wheel 32 of the carousel wheel 31.

Lorsque l'organe de mise en mouvement 23 reçoit de l'énergie de la source d'énergie, cette énergie étant transmise par le rouage du mouvement de la pièce d'horlogerie. La roue dentée supérieure 25 de cet organe de mise en mouvement 23 entraîne la roue dentée 34 de la roue de carrousel 31. La roue dentée inférieure 26 de l'organe de mise en mouvement 23 entraîne la roue dentée 21 du mécanisme 18 de mise en rotation de la cage 17. La roue de carrousel 31 du premier ensemble 14 pivote alors autour de l'axe de rotation 28 du premier ensemble à une première vitesse de rotation. La deuxième partie 15 du premier ensemble 14 et notamment la cage 17, pivote également autour de l'axe de rotation 28 du premier ensemble, à une deuxième vitesse de rotation.When the moving member 23 receives energy from the energy source, this energy being transmitted by the train of movement of the timepiece. The upper toothed wheel 25 of this moving member 23 drives the toothed wheel 34 of the carousel wheel 31. The lower toothed wheel 26 of the moving member 23 drives the toothed wheel 21 of the setting mechanism 18 rotation of the cage 17. The carousel wheel 31 of the first set 14 then pivots around the axis of rotation 28 of the first set at a first speed of rotation. The second part 15 of the first set 14 and in particular the cage 17, also pivots around the axis of rotation 28 of the first set, at a second speed of rotation.

L'engrènement de la roue de champ 31 du premier ensemble 14 avec la roue dentée 40 du deuxième ensemble 35 a pour effet de générer la rotation de ce deuxième ensemble 35 autour de l'axe de rotation 39 défini par les deux pivots 38 de ce deuxième ensemble. Cette rotation a également pour effet de déplacer l'axe de balancier 12 dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe de rotation 39 du deuxième ensemble 35.The engagement of the field wheel 31 of the first set 14 with the toothed wheel 40 of the second set 35 has the effect of generating the rotation of this second set 35 about the axis of rotation 39 defined by the two pivots 38 of this second set. This rotation also has the effect of displacing the balance axis 12 in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation 39 of the second assembly 35.

La rotation de la roue dentée 31 du premier ensemble 14 du mécanisme de régulation a pour effet de déplacer la roue de champ 19 du premier ensemble autour de l'axe de rotation 28 de ce premier ensemble. La roue de renvoi 47 du troisième ensemble engrenant avec la roue de champ 19 du premier ensemble, la rotation de la cage 17 du premier ensemble génère une rotation du troisième ensemble 45 autour de l'axe de rotation 52 du troisième ensemble.The rotation of the toothed wheel 31 of the first set 14 of the regulation mechanism has the effect of moving the field wheel 19 of the first set around the axis of rotation 28 of this first set. The return wheel 47 of the third set meshing with the field wheel 19 of the first set, the rotation of the cage 17 of the first set generates a rotation of the third set 45 around the axis of rotation 52 of the third set.

La roue dentée supérieure 25 et la roue dentée inférieure 26 de l'organe de mise en mouvement 23 sont solidaires. La roue dentée supérieure 25 engrène avec la roue dentée 34 de la roue de carrousel 31. La roue dentée inférieure 26 engrène avec la roue dentée 21 du mécanisme 18 de mise en rotation de la cage 17 du premier ensemble. La roue de champ 19 de la première partie 15 du premier ensemble 14 engrène avec la roue de renvoi 47 du troisième ensemble 45. Finalement, la roue dentée 40 du deuxième ensemble 35 engrène avec la roue de champ 32 de la roue de carrousel 31.The upper toothed wheel 25 and the lower toothed wheel 26 of the actuating member 23 are integral. The upper gear 25 meshes with the gear 34 of the carousel wheel 31. The lower gear 26 meshes with the gear 21 of the mechanism 18 for rotating the cage 17 of the first assembly. The field wheel 19 of the first part 15 of the first set 14 meshes with the return wheel 47 of the third set 45. Finally, the toothed wheel 40 of the second set 35 meshes with the field wheel 32 of the carousel wheel 31.

Le choix des différents rapports d'engrenage permet de déterminer les déplacements relatifs des mobiles les uns par rapport aux autres. En fonction des rapports d'engrenage entre l'organe de mise en mouvement 23 et les roues dentée 21, 34 du premier ensemble 14 du mécanisme de régulation, on peut choisir et éventuellement inverser le sens de rotation de la roue d'échappement. Cela signifie également qu'en fonction du rouage du mouvement dans lequel le mécanisme de régulation 10 est intégré, il est possible d'adapter ce mécanisme de régulation et en particulier l'organisme de mise en mouvement 23 et les roues dentées du premier ensemble du mécanisme de régulation pour que le sens de rotation de l'échappement soit toujours le même. Ceci évite l'utilisation d'un échappement différent en fonction du rouage de la pièce d'horlogerie.The choice of the different gear ratios makes it possible to determine the relative displacements of the mobiles relative to each other. Depending on the gear ratios between the actuating member 23 and the toothed wheels 21, 34 of the first set 14 of the regulation mechanism, one can choose and possibly reverse the direction of rotation of the escapement wheel. This also means that depending on the train of the movement in which the regulating mechanism 10 is integrated, it is possible to adapt this regulating mechanism and in particular the movement-setting organism 23 and the gears of the first set of the regulating mechanism so that the direction of rotation of the exhaust is always the same. This avoids the use of a different escapement depending on the train of the timepiece.

Le choix des différents rapports d'engrenage, de même que certaines dimensions géométriques comme par exemple la distance "d" entre l'axe de rotation 28 du premier ensemble 14 et l'axe de rotation 52 du troisième ensemble 45 lorsque ceux-ci sont parallèles l'un à l'autre, permet également de modifier ou de choisir le déplacement de l'axe de balancier. L'une des extrémités de cet axe de balancier peut se déplacer selon une courbe formant la surface d'un tore dont les dimensions dépendent des paramètres mentionnés ci-dessus. En fonction de ces paramètres, le tore peut également être dégénéré en une sphère.The choice of the different gear ratios, as well as certain geometrical dimensions such as for example the distance "d" between the axis of rotation 28 of the first assembly 14 and the axis of rotation 52 of the third assembly 45 when these are parallel to one another, also makes it possible to modify or choose the displacement of the pendulum axis. One end of this pendulum axis can move along a curve forming the surface of a torus whose dimensions depend on the parameters mentioned above. Depending on these parameters, the torus can also be degenerated into a sphere.

Le mécanisme de régulation 10 selon la présente invention permet de déplacer l'axe de balancier selon une courbe tridimensionnelle choisie et permet de faire prendre à ce balancier toutes sortes de positions. Ceci représente une amélioration importante par rapport à un mécanisme réglant de type tourbillon traditionnel. En effet, dans un tourbillon traditionnel, la courbe sur laquelle se déplace l'axe de balancier est bidimensionnelle, ce qui implique que le système réglant n'est efficace que lorsque la pièce d'horlogerie se trouve dans une position précise. Le mécanisme de régulation de l'invention peut avoir un effet de régulation quelle que soit la position de la pièce d'horlogerie.The regulating mechanism 10 according to the present invention makes it possible to move the pendulum axis according to a chosen three-dimensional curve and makes it possible for this pendulum to take all kinds of positions. This represents an important improvement compared to a regulating mechanism of the traditional tourbillon type. Indeed, in a traditional tourbillon, the curve on which the pendulum axis moves is two-dimensional, which implies that the regulating system is only effective when the timepiece is in a precise position. The regulatory mechanism of the invention can have a regulating effect whatever the position of the timepiece.

Le déplacement du mécanisme réglant est par ailleurs particulier et donne à la pièce d'horlogerie dans laquelle il est monté, un caractère original.The movement of the regulating mechanism is also particular and gives the timepiece in which it is mounted, an original character.

Claims (15)

Mouvement d'horlogerie comportant une source d'énergie, un rouage, un mécanisme de régulation (10) alimenté par ladite source d'énergie par l'intermédiaire du rouage, et une platine supportant le mécanisme de régulation (10), ce mécanisme de régulation comportant un ensemble balancier-spiral (11) et un échappement (13), le mouvement d'horlogerie étant caractérisé en ce que : - le mécanisme de régulation (10) comporte : • un premier ensemble (14) engrenant avec au moins une roue dudit rouage, ce premier ensemble (14) étant pivotant autour d'un axe de rotation (28) du premier ensemble, cet axe de rotation (28) du premier ensemble étant fixe par rapport à ladite platine ; • un deuxième ensemble (35) monté sur ledit premier ensemble (14) et étant pivotant autour d'un axe de rotation (39) du deuxième ensemble, l'axe de rotation (28) du premier ensemble et l'axe de rotation (39) du deuxième ensemble n'étant pas confondus ; • un troisième ensemble (45) monté sur ledit deuxième ensemble (35) et étant pivotant autour d'un axe de rotation (52) du troisième ensemble, l'axe de rotation (39) du deuxième ensemble et l'axe de rotation (52) du troisième ensemble n'étant pas confondus ; - le deuxième ensemble (35) comporte un pallier (41) disposé sur ledit axe de rotation (52) du troisième ensemble (45); - l'ensemble balancier-spiral (11) comporte une serge de balancier (49) pivotant autour d'un axe de balancier (12), l'axe de balancier (12) étant monté d'une part sur ledit troisième ensemble (45) et d'autre part sur ledit palier (41) du deuxième ensemble (35). Clock movement comprising an energy source, a gear train, a regulation mechanism (10) powered by said energy source via the gear train, and a plate supporting the regulation mechanism (10), this mechanism regulation comprising a balance-spring assembly (11) and an escapement (13), the clockwork movement being characterized in that : - the regulation mechanism (10) comprises: • a first assembly (14) meshing with at least one wheel of said gear train, this first assembly (14) being pivotable about an axis of rotation (28) of the first assembly, this axis of rotation (28) of the first assembly being fixed with respect to said platinum; • a second assembly (35) mounted on said first assembly (14) and being pivotable about an axis of rotation (39) of the second assembly, the axis of rotation (28) of the first assembly and the axis of rotation ( 39) of the second set not being confused; • a third assembly (45) mounted on said second assembly (35) and being pivotable about an axis of rotation (52) of the third assembly, the axis of rotation (39) of the second assembly and the axis of rotation ( 52) of the third set not being confused; - The second assembly (35) comprises a bearing (41) disposed on said axis of rotation (52) of the third assembly (45); - The balance-spring assembly (11) comprises a pendulum (49) pivoting about a pendulum axis (12), the pendulum axis (12) being mounted on the one hand on said third assembly (45 ) and on the other hand on said bearing (41) of the second set (35). Mouvement d'horlogerie selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'axe de rotation (28) du premier ensemble (14) est orthogonal à l'axe de rotation (39) du deuxième ensemble (35).Clock movement according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of rotation (28) of the first assembly (14) is orthogonal to the axis of rotation (39) of the second assembly (35). Mouvement d'horlogerie selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'axe de rotation (39) du deuxième ensemble (35) est orthogonal à l'axe de rotation (52) du troisième ensemble (45).Clock movement according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of rotation (39) of the second assembly (35) is orthogonal to the axis of rotation (52) of the third assembly (45). Mouvement d'horlogerie selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit premier ensemble (14) comporte une roue de carrousel (31) engrenant avec une roue dentée (40) du deuxième ensemble (35) de façon à mettre en rotation ledit deuxième ensemble (35).Clock movement according to claim 1, characterized in that said first set (14) comprises a carousel wheel (31) meshing with a toothed wheel (40) of the second set (35) so as to rotate said second set (35). Mouvement d'horlogerie selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit premier ensemble (14) comporte une roue de champ (19) engrenant avec une roue dentée (47) du troisième ensemble (45) de façon à mettre en rotation ledit troisième ensemble (45).Clock movement according to claim 1, characterized in that said first set (14) comprises a field wheel (19) meshing with a toothed wheel (47) of the third set (45) so as to rotate said third set (45). Mouvement d'horlogerie selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que ledit premier ensemble (14) comporte ladite une roue de carrousel (31) et une cage (17) solidaire d'un mécanisme (18) de mise en rotation de la cage, en ce que la roue de carrousel (31) comportant une roue dentée (34), en ce que ledit mécanisme (18) de mise en rotation de la cage comporte une roue dentée (21), en ce que la roue de carrousel (31) pivote sur ledit mécanisme (18) de mise en rotation de la cage et en ce que la roue dentée (34) de la roue de carrousel (31) et la roue dentée (21) du mécanisme (18) de mise en rotation de la cage ont un nombre de dents différent.Clock movement according to claim 4, characterized in that said first assembly (14) comprises said a carousel wheel (31) and a cage (17) integral with a mechanism (18) for rotating the cage, in that the carousel wheel (31) comprising a toothed wheel (34), in that said cage rotation mechanism (18) comprises a toothed wheel (21), in that the carousel wheel (31 ) pivots on said mechanism (18) for rotating the cage and in that the toothed wheel (34) of the carousel wheel (31) and the toothed wheel (21) of the mechanism (18) for rotating the cage the cage have a different number of teeth. Mouvement d'horlogerie selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le mouvement comporte un organe (23) de mise en mouvement du mécanisme de régulation, cet organe de mise en mouvement (23) comportant une roue dentée supérieure (25) engrenant avec ladite roue dentée (34) de la roue de carrousel (31) et une roue dentée inférieure (26) engrenant avec ladite roue dentée (21) du mécanisme (18) de mise en rotation de la cage.Clock movement according to claim 1, characterized in that the movement comprises a member (23) for setting in motion the regulation mechanism, this setting member for movement (23) comprising an upper toothed wheel (25) meshing with said gear wheel (34) of the carousel wheel (31) and a bottom gear (26) meshing with said gear (21) of the mechanism (18) for rotating the cage. Mouvement d'horlogerie selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'échappement (13) comporte une roue d'échappement (42) fixe solidaire d'un châssis (36) dudit deuxième ensemble (35) du mécanisme de régulation (10).Clock movement according to claim 1, characterized in that the escapement (13) comprises a fixed escapement wheel (42) integral with a chassis (36) of said second assembly (35) of the regulation mechanism (10) . Mouvement d'horlogerie selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'échappement (13) est de type échappement de Potter.Clock movement according to claim 1, characterized in that the escapement (13) is of the Potter escapement type. Mouvement d'horlogerie selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble balancier-spiral (11) comporte un ressort spiral (48) solidaire d'une part de l'axe de balancier (12) et d'autre part, dudit troisième ensemble (45) du mécanisme de régulation (10).Clock movement according to claim 1, characterized in that the balance-spring assembly (11) comprises a spiral spring (48) integral on the one hand with the balance axis (12) and on the other hand, with said third set (45) of the regulation mechanism (10). Mouvement d'horlogerie selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le ressort spiral (48) a des spires qui ne sont pas toutes disposées dans un même plan.Clock movement according to claim 10, characterized in that the spiral spring (48) has turns which are not all arranged in the same plane. Mouvement d'horlogerie selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que ledit ressort spiral (48) est de type cylindrique, sphérique , conique, breguet ou plat.Clock movement according to claim 10, characterized in that said spiral spring (48) is of cylindrical, spherical, conical, breguet or flat type. Mouvement d'horlogerie selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble balancier-spiral (11) ayant une serge (49) et des bras (50), en ce que les bras (50) relient la serge (49) à l'axe de balancier (12) et en ce que ces bras (50) ne sont pas coplanaires à la serge (49).Clock movement according to claim 1, characterized in that the balance-spring assembly (11) having a serge (49) and arms (50), in that the arms (50) connect the serge (49) to the pendulum axis (12) and in that these arms (50) are not coplanar with the twill (49). Mouvement d'horlogerie selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que les bras (50) du balancier (11) et la serge (49) forment une cavité dans laquelle est placé le ressort spiral (48).Clock movement according to claim 13, characterized in that the arms (50) of the balance (11) and the serge (49) form a cavity in which is placed the spiral spring (48). Pièce d'horlogerie comportant un mouvement d'horlogerie selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.Timepiece comprising a timepiece movement according to any one of the preceding claims.
EP18213726.5A 2018-12-18 2018-12-18 Clockwork and timepiece comprising such a clockwork Active EP3671363B1 (en)

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EP18213726.5A EP3671363B1 (en) 2018-12-18 2018-12-18 Clockwork and timepiece comprising such a clockwork

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113917820A (en) * 2021-11-08 2022-01-11 得利时钟表（深圳）有限公司 Watch mechanical movement structure capable of changing position of tourbillon
EP4266131A1 (en) * 2022-04-22 2023-10-25 Blancpain SA Three-dimensional carousel for clockwork

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1574916A2 (en) * 2004-03-09 2005-09-14 Franck Muller-Watchland SA Tri-axial tourbillon for timepieces, especially for wristwatches
EP2407832A1 (en) * 2010-07-16 2012-01-18 Richemont International S.A. Timepiece movement
CH711774B1 (en) * 2011-05-23 2017-05-15 Bessem & Handl Sàrl Adjustment device for a clockwork.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1574916A2 (en) * 2004-03-09 2005-09-14 Franck Muller-Watchland SA Tri-axial tourbillon for timepieces, especially for wristwatches
EP2407832A1 (en) * 2010-07-16 2012-01-18 Richemont International S.A. Timepiece movement
CH711774B1 (en) * 2011-05-23 2017-05-15 Bessem & Handl Sàrl Adjustment device for a clockwork.

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113917820A (en) * 2021-11-08 2022-01-11 得利时钟表（深圳）有限公司 Watch mechanical movement structure capable of changing position of tourbillon
CN113917820B (en) * 2021-11-08 2022-09-20 得利时钟表（深圳）有限公司 Watch mechanical movement structure capable of changing position of tourbillon
EP4266131A1 (en) * 2022-04-22 2023-10-25 Blancpain SA Three-dimensional carousel for clockwork

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