EP3667432B1 - Timepiece resonator comprising at least one flexible guide - Google Patents

Timepiece resonator comprising at least one flexible guide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3667432B1
EP3667432B1 EP18212333.1A EP18212333A EP3667432B1 EP 3667432 B1 EP3667432 B1 EP 3667432B1 EP 18212333 A EP18212333 A EP 18212333A EP 3667432 B1 EP3667432 B1 EP 3667432B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strip
axis
along
resonator
plane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP18212333.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3667432A1 (en
Inventor
Pascal Winkler
Laurent Klinger
Baptiste Hinaux
Jean-Luc Helfer
Gianni Di Domenico
Jean-Bernard Peters
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse
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ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse
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Application filed by ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse filed Critical ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse
Priority to EP18212333.1A priority Critical patent/EP3667432B1/en
Priority to US16/685,008 priority patent/US11520291B2/en
Priority to US16/685,059 priority patent/US11520292B2/en
Priority to JP2019220933A priority patent/JP6948375B2/en
Priority to JP2019220936A priority patent/JP6948376B2/en
Priority to CN201911283750.3A priority patent/CN111324027B/en
Priority to CN201911285869.4A priority patent/CN111324028B/en
Publication of EP3667432A1 publication Critical patent/EP3667432A1/en
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Publication of EP3667432B1 publication Critical patent/EP3667432B1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/045—Oscillators acting by spring tension with oscillating blade springs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/20—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/28—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency for the effect of imbalance of the weights, e.g. tourbillon
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/32—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. collet, stud, virole or piton

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a timepiece resonator comprising, between a first element and a second element of which at least one of the two constitutes a mobile inertial element within said resonator, at least one flexible guide constituting an elastic return means of said element inertial within said resonator and comprising at least one flexible blade joining a first recess of said first element to a second recess of said second element, said first recess defining with said second recess a blade direction, said first element and said second element each being more rigid than each said at least one flexible blade, said at least one flexible blade being arranged to deform essentially in an XY plane parallel to said blade direction, and comprising a first dimension L called length along a first longitudinal axis Y parallel to said blade direction, a second dimension E called thickness according to a second e transverse X axis orthogonal to said first Y axis in said XY plane, and a third dimension H called height according to a third Z axis orthogonal to
  • the invention also relates to a timepiece, in particular a watch, comprising at least one such resonator.
  • the invention relates to the field of timepieces with mechanical oscillators, and in particular the field of watches, where the flexible guides according to the invention make it possible to guarantee both isochronism and insensitivity to positions in space. .
  • a mechanical watch has an oscillator with a balance-spring, which is responsible for the good chronometric precision of the watch.
  • a very promising way to overcome the friction of the pivots is that of oscillators with flexible guides, in which a flexible guide fulfills two elementary functions at the same time: on the one hand the guiding function and, on the other hand, the elastic restoring force or torque.
  • Non-limiting examples of rotating flexible guides are described in the documents EP3035126 , EP3206089 , and EP18179623 , all on behalf of THE SWATCH GROUP RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT Ltd. There is now a wide variety of rotating flexible guides, the manufacture of which has been made possible by the “LIGA” and “DRIE” technologies.
  • the document WO2018/100122A1 in the name of LVMH describes a device for a timepiece comprising a base, an inertia regulator member rotatably mounted with respect to the base, by means of an elastic suspension means connecting the regulator member to the base.
  • the regulator member comprises a number n of rigid parts connected two by two by means of n elastic coupling links.
  • the elastic suspension means comprises n elastic suspension links connecting each rigid part individually to the base.
  • the document EP3001257A1 on behalf of ETA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse describes a watchmaking resonator comprising a mass connected, by flexible blades, to attachment points of a fixed structure, and subjected to a torque and/or a force, this resonator being arranged to oscillate with at least two degrees of freedom in translation, and the flexible blades being arranged to maintain oscillations of this at least one mass around a virtual pivot.
  • These flexible blades have long arms, each with a developed length at least twice greater than the shortest distance between the mass and the attachment points.
  • the document CH712068A2 in the name of ETA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse describes a resonator clockwork mechanism with a pivoting mass, pivoting around a virtual axis, and comprising a flexible pivoting guide mechanism and a first and a second fixed supports to which is fixed, by a first elastic assembly and respectively a second elastic assembly which together define this virtual axis, a rotary support carrying this pivoting mass.
  • This flexible pivoting guide mechanism is flat
  • the first elastic assembly comprises, on either side of the virtual axis, and joined by a first intermediate blade more rigid than each of them, a first external flexible blade and a first internal flexible blade together defining a first direction passing through the virtual axis
  • the second assembly includes a second flexible blade defining a second direction passing through the virtual axis.
  • EP2975470A1 in the name of NIVAROX SA describes an elastic guide device in rotation for a clockwork mechanism allowing the rotation of one element relative to another around an axis of rotation defining an axial direction, comprising construction blades, comprising each an assembly fastener comprising a body and a functional part extending from the body to one end, the assembly fastening part and the functional part being separated by at least one slot into at least two extensions elastically connected which extend in a radial direction transverse to the axial direction, the device further comprising anchoring zones arranged at opposite axial ends of the flexible guide device, and configured to be fixed to said members.
  • each of the construction blades includes a cavity or a assembly clearance and an assembly extension which intersect and fit in a radial direction to be locked together.
  • a rotating flexible guide whose return torque is proportional to the angle of elongation, so that the period does not depend on the amplitude of oscillation, and whose the parasitic displacements of the virtual center of rotation are the smallest, so that the period does not depend on the orientation of the watch.
  • a guide is sought which allows large amplitudes without the stresses in the material producing rupture.
  • a substantially flat plate is subjected to a moment, it deforms along an arc of a circle, and its end defines an angle proportional to the moment applied.
  • the flexed blade has a slight anticlastic curvature.
  • the anticlastic curvature is due to the fact that the fibers exterior to the neutral fiber of the blade in bending, must lengthen and therefore also contract in the directions orthogonal to the neutral fiber, and, conversely, the fibers interior to the fiber neutral are contracted and therefore extend orthogonally.
  • the Poisson's ratio is described by the Poisson's ratio. If the volume of the material is maintained, the Poisson's ratio is worth 0.5. For most common materials, the Poisson's ratio is closer to the value 0.3.
  • the magnitude of the anticlastic curvature depends on the local bending curvature, the Poisson's ratio of the material, the ratios between the three main dimensions of the blade, and the geometries of the embedments.
  • the invention proposes to define a flexible guide for a mechanical oscillator, which is subjected as little as possible to anticlastic curvature.
  • the invention proposes to provide the flexible strip with at least one rib and at least one neck, in order to control the anticlastic curvature, without significantly degrading the elastic performance of the flexible strip.
  • ribs are distributed along the flexible blade and extend according to the height thereof, in order to stiffen it to limit the anticlastic curvature, without greatly limiting its expected bending qualities.
  • the invention relates to a clockwork resonator according to claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to a timepiece, in particular a watch, comprising at least one such resonator.
  • the invention proposes to provide the flexible blade with at least one rib and at least one neck, in order to control the anticlastic curvature.
  • the figures 1 to 3 represent a classic flexible blade subject to anticlastic curvature.
  • the figure 4 defines the reference geometric elements used in the rest of the description, and represents a flexible blade 2 joining a first recess 41 of a first element 4 to a second recess 51 of a second element 5.
  • the first recess 41 defines with the second recess 51 a blade direction D.
  • the first element 4 and the second element 5 are each more rigid than each flexible blade 2.
  • the flexible blade 2 is arranged to deform essentially in an XY plane parallel to the direction of blade D, and comprising a first dimension L called length according to a first longitudinal axis Y parallel to the blade direction D and defined by the first recess 41 and the second recess 51, a second dimension E called thickness according to a second orthogonal transverse axis X to the first axis Y in the XY plane, and a third dimension H called height according to a third axis Z orthogonal to the XY plane.
  • the first dimension L is greater than the third dimension H, which is greater than the second dimension E.
  • the strip 2 extends substantially in the form of a ribbon along a geometric neutral fiber FN joining the first recess 41 and the second recess 51, and comprises at least one median zone 6, which extends transversely, along the second axis X, around or on either side of the neutral fiber FN, and whose thickness is a nominal thickness EN.
  • the blade 2 can extend around the neutral fiber FN, which then always remains in the material, or on either side of this neutral fiber FN. It is understood that this neutral fiber FN corresponds to a curve in the rest position of the blade 2, towards which this blade returns after an elastic deformation in bending.
  • ribs are distributed along the blade and extend according to the height of the blade, to stiffen the blade to limit anticlastic curvature, without stiffening it much for the expected flex.
  • the figure 7 shows the rate of a one-blade flexible guide resonator as a function of its amplitude for different numbers of sections, the number of ribs being here equal to the number of sections minus one. It can be seen that the addition of a few ribs suffices to considerably improve the isochronism of the resonator.
  • the figure 8 shows the rate variation (anisochronism) between 20° and 10° of amplitude, depending on the number of sections of the blade of the resonator.
  • Another variant consists in providing the flexible blade with undulations, in order to control the anticlastic curvature, as visible on the figures 9 and 10 .
  • the proposed corrugated blade can, in projection in the XY plane, completely include the neutral fiber FN, so as not to lose the tensile rigidity of the blade.
  • the invention relates to a timepiece resonator 100 comprising, between a first element 4 and a second element 5 of which at least one of the two constitutes a mobile inertial element within the resonator 100, at least one flexible guide 1 constituting a means of elastic return of this inertial element within the resonator 100.
  • This flexible guide 1 comprises at least one flexible blade 2 as defined in appended claim 1.
  • this at least one flexible strip 2 is symmetrical with respect to a median plane parallel to the XY plane, has a transverse extension which is variable along the second transverse axis X, in projection on the XY plane, with respect to the neutral fiber FN, and comprises, along this second transverse axis X, at least one relief.
  • This relief is salient and distant from the neutral fiber FN by a distance greater than half the smallest thickness of the at least one flexible blade 2 considered, or half or the nominal thickness EN, to limit the curvature anticlastic of this at least one flexible strip 2.
  • this at least one blade 2 comprises, at a distance from the first recess 41 and the second recess 51, at least one rib 3 extending substantially along the third axis Z. More particularly, each rib 3 comprises at least one generatrix 31 which is farther from the neutral fiber FN than are the side surfaces of the median zones 6 of the strip 2 situated outside this or these ribs 3. And the longitudinal extension LN, along the first axis Y longitudinal, of each rib 3 of the blade 2 is less than or equal to one fifth of the length L of the blade 2 between its recesses.
  • each rib 3 is spaced, along the first axis Y, from any neck that the blade 2 has, by a value greater than or equal to the height H of the blade 2.
  • the variant embodiments illustrated are blades having no neck, which do not form part of the subject of the appended claim 1.
  • this at least one blade 2 comprises a plurality of median zones 6, which are sections extending along the neutral fiber FN and in the geometric extension of each other along the neutral fiber FN with the same EN nominal thickness.
  • Each section 6 forms a ribbon, the side surfaces 60 of which are parallel to the third axis Z.
  • at least two sections 6 are separated by a rib 3 of projecting thickness ES with respect to a side surface 60
  • This protruding thickness ES is preferably greater than or equal to the nominal thickness EN along the second transverse axis X. More particularly, the protruding thickness ES is at least one and a half times greater than the nominal thickness EN.
  • this at least one blade 2 comprises, at a distance from the first recess 41 and the second recess 51, at least two ribs 3.
  • blade 2 is straight, and has its neutral fiber FN straight in blade direction D.
  • the sections 6 are short sections, the length of which in the first longitudinal direction Y is less than the height of the blade 2.
  • the number of sections is greater than or equal to the first integer greater than or equal to the quotient L/H of the total length L of the strip 2 by its height H.
  • the blade 2 comprises alternating sections 6 following the neutral fiber FN, and ribs 3.
  • the median zones 6 are limited to zones of inflection between rounded or pointed ribs, or the like, forming a wavy or zig-zag blade.
  • this at least one flexible blade 2 comprises at least one rib 3 which extends over the entire height H of the blade 2 along the third axis Z. More particularly, each rib 3 of this blade 2 extends over the entire height H of the blade 2 along the third axis Z.
  • the height H of the slat 2 is less than or equal to one fifth of the length L of the slat 2 between its recesses.
  • the maximum thickness EM of the strip 2 along the second transverse axis X is less than or equal to one fifth of the height H of the strip 2.
  • the blade 2 forms a right prism extending along the third axis Z, that is to say a solid extruded along the Z direction from a base in the XY plane, and more particularly limited by two planes parallel to the plane XY and distant from the height H. More particularly the base of this prism in the plane XY is symmetrical with respect to the projection of the neutral fiber FN in this plane XY.
  • the blade 2 can easily be produced by an extrusion-type process, or by a “LIGA” or “DRIE” process, since its geometry can be entirely described by its projection in the XY plane, raised in the third direction Z.
  • the blade may comprise a central opening, in particular when it is made on the basis of two head-to-tail wafers, or comprise a relief, or comprise two reliefs in symmetry with respect to a median plane parallel to the XY plane.
  • each rib 3 of the blade 2 along the first longitudinal axis Y is less than or equal to the projecting thickness ES of the rib 3 along the second transverse axis X.
  • At least one rib 3 is a rectangular parallelepiped or is part of a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • these rectangular parallelepipeds extend over the entire height of the blade, and their dimension along the second transverse axis X is greater than their dimension along the first longitudinal axis Y.
  • these ribs are prismatic with a diamond base, over the entire height of the blade, in symmetry with respect to the neutral fiber through which a diagonal of the diamond passes.
  • At least one rib 3 is a cylinder.
  • At least one said rib 3 is a tube of circular or elliptical section.
  • At least one rib 3 is symmetrical with respect to the neutral fiber FN.
  • At least one rib 3 is asymmetrical with respect to the neutral fiber FN.
  • the blade 2 comprises, at a distance from the first recess 41 and the second recess 51, a plurality of ribs 3 protruding alternately on either side of the median zones 6.
  • At least one rib 3 is hollow or open.
  • any projection of the blade 2 on the XY plane includes the neutral fiber FN.
  • the blade 2 comprises, at a distance from the first recess 41 and the second recess 51, a plurality of ribs 3 regularly distributed along the first longitudinal direction Y.
  • the blade 2 comprises, at a distance from the first recess 41 and the second recess 51, a plurality of ribs 3, the number of which is greater than or equal to the difference between on the one hand the quotient L/H between the length L and height H, and on the other hand a unit.
  • the projection of the blade 2 on the XY plane comprises, at all the surface junctions, rounded fillets with a minimum radius value of 10 micrometers.
  • blade 2 is made of micro-machinable material or of silicon thermally compensated by a peripheral layer of silicon dioxide.
  • blade 2 comprises, along its length L, at least two increases in its section inertia.
  • the blade has at least three increases in its section inertia. These increases in its section inertia are achieved by these ribs 3 which extend in the third direction Z.
  • these increases in section inertia are produced by undulations which extend on either side of the neutral fibre.
  • the increases in section inertia are produced by such undulations which, seen in projection on the XY plane, include the neutral fiber.
  • the flexible guide 1 itself is not detailed here. More particularly, it comprises at least two such flexible blades 2. More particularly, this flexible guide is a pivot with crossed blades, with at least two blades each extending parallel to the XY plane, distinct, and crossed in projection on this XY plane .
  • the blade 2 is produced by the “DRIE” or “LIGA” or similar process.
  • the invention also relates to a timepiece 1000 comprising at least one such timepiece resonator 100. More particularly, this timepiece 100 is a watch, in particular a mechanical watch.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)
  • Electric Clocks (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Description

Domaine de l'inventionField of the invention

L'invention concerne un résonateur d'horlogerie comportant, entre un premier élément et un deuxième élément dont au moins l'un des deux constitue un élément inertiel mobile au sein dudit résonateur, au moins un guidage flexible constituant un moyen de rappel élastique dudit élément inertiel au sein dudit résonateur et comportant au moins une lame flexible joignant un premier encastrement dudit premier élément à un deuxième encastrement dudit deuxième élément, ledit premier encastrement définissant avec ledit deuxième encastrement une direction de lame, ledit premier élément et ledit deuxième élément étant chacun plus rigide que chaque dite au moins une lame flexible, ladite au moins une lame flexible étant agencée pour se déformer essentiellement dans un plan XY parallèle à ladite direction de lame, et comportant une première dimension L appelée longueur selon un premier axe Y longitudinal parallèle à ladite direction de lame, une deuxième dimension E appelée épaisseur selon un deuxième axe X transversal orthogonal audit premier axe Y dans ledit plan XY, et une troisième dimension H appelée hauteur selon un troisième axe Z orthogonal audit plan XY, ladite première dimension L étant supérieure à ladite troisième dimension H qui est supérieure à ladite deuxième dimension E, ladite au moins une lame s'étendant sensiblement en forme de ruban autour ou de part et d'autre d'une fibre neutre géométrique joignant ledit premier encastrement et ledit deuxième encastrement, et comportant au moins une zone médiane s'étendant transversalement, selon ledit deuxième axe X, de part et d'autre de ladite fibre neutre et dont l'épaisseur est une épaisseur nominale EN.The invention relates to a timepiece resonator comprising, between a first element and a second element of which at least one of the two constitutes a mobile inertial element within said resonator, at least one flexible guide constituting an elastic return means of said element inertial within said resonator and comprising at least one flexible blade joining a first recess of said first element to a second recess of said second element, said first recess defining with said second recess a blade direction, said first element and said second element each being more rigid than each said at least one flexible blade, said at least one flexible blade being arranged to deform essentially in an XY plane parallel to said blade direction, and comprising a first dimension L called length along a first longitudinal axis Y parallel to said blade direction, a second dimension E called thickness according to a second e transverse X axis orthogonal to said first Y axis in said XY plane, and a third dimension H called height according to a third Z axis orthogonal to said XY plane, said first dimension L being greater than said third dimension H which is greater than said second dimension E , said at least one blade extending substantially in the form of a ribbon around or on either side of a geometric neutral fiber joining said first recess and said second recess, and comprising at least one median zone extending transversely, according to said second axis X, on either side of said neutral fiber and whose thickness is a nominal thickness EN.

L'invention concerne encore une pièce d'horlogerie, notamment une montre, comportant au moins un tel résonateur.The invention also relates to a timepiece, in particular a watch, comprising at least one such resonator.

L'invention concerne le domaine des pièces d'horlogerie à oscillateur mécanique, et en particulier le domaine des montres, où les guidages flexibles selon l'invention permettent de garantir à la fois l'isochronisme et l'insensibilité aux positions dans l'espace.The invention relates to the field of timepieces with mechanical oscillators, and in particular the field of watches, where the flexible guides according to the invention make it possible to guarantee both isochronism and insensitivity to positions in space. .

Arrière-plan de l'inventionBackground of the invention

Traditionnellement, une montre mécanique comporte un oscillateur comportant un balancier-spiral, qui est responsable de la bonne précision chronométrique de la montre.Traditionally, a mechanical watch has an oscillator with a balance-spring, which is responsible for the good chronometric precision of the watch.

Schématiquement, l'oscillateur mécanique assure trois fonctions élémentaires avec :

  • des moyens de guidage, agencés pour limiter les degrés de liberté ;
  • des moyens inertiels ;
  • des moyens de rappel élastique.
Schematically, the mechanical oscillator performs three basic functions with:
  • guide means, arranged to limit the degrees of freedom;
  • inertial means;
  • elastic return means.

Plus particulièrement pour le balancier-spiral, ces fonctions élémentaires sont réalisées par, respectivement :

  • des pivots, classiquement dans des paliers en rubis ;
  • la serge du balancier ;
  • le ressort spiral.
More particularly for the balance-spring, these basic functions are carried out by, respectively:
  • pivots, typically in ruby bearings;
  • the rim of the pendulum;
  • the spiral spring.

La précision des montres mécaniques traditionnelles est limitée par les différences de frottements des pivots du balancier, selon les différentes positions que peut prendre la montre dans l'espace.The precision of traditional mechanical watches is limited by the differences in friction of the pivots of the balance wheel, according to the different positions that the watch can take in space.

Dès lors, on s'attache à développer des oscillateurs dépourvus de pivots frottants.From then on, efforts were made to develop oscillators without rubbing pivots.

Une voie très prometteuse pour s'affranchir du frottement des pivots est celle des oscillateurs à guidages flexibles, dans lesquels un guidage flexible remplit deux fonctions élémentaires à la fois : d'une part la fonction de guidage et, d'autre part, la fonction de force ou de couple de rappel élastique.A very promising way to overcome the friction of the pivots is that of oscillators with flexible guides, in which a flexible guide fulfills two elementary functions at the same time: on the one hand the guiding function and, on the other hand, the elastic restoring force or torque.

Dans le cas de la montre mécanique, on privilégie un guidage flexible rotatif, pour que les chocs en translation ne perturbent pas l'oscillateur, et on prend soin de placer le centre de masse de l'élément inertiel sur l'axe virtuel défini par ledit guidage flexible.In the case of the mechanical watch, preference is given to flexible rotating guidance, so that translational shocks do not disturb the oscillator, and care is taken to place the center of mass of the inertial element on the virtual axis defined by said flexible guide.

Des exemples non limitatifs de guidages flexibles rotatifs sont décrits dans les documents EP3035126 , EP3206089 , et EP18179623 , tous au nom de THE SWATCH GROUP RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT Ltd. Il existe désormais une grande variété de guidages flexibles rotatifs, dont la fabrication a été rendue possible par les technologie « LIGA » et « DRIE ».Non-limiting examples of rotating flexible guides are described in the documents EP3035126 , EP3206089 , and EP18179623 , all on behalf of THE SWATCH GROUP RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT Ltd. There is now a wide variety of rotating flexible guides, the manufacture of which has been made possible by the “LIGA” and “DRIE” technologies.

Le document WO2018/100122A1 au nom de LVMH décrit un dispositif pour pièce d'horlogerie comprenant une base, un organe régulateur à inertie monté à rotation par rapport à la base, au moyen d'un moyen de suspension élastique reliant l'organe régulateur à la base. L'organe régulateur comprend un nombre n de parties rigides reliées deux à deux au moyen de n liaisons de couplage élastiques. Le moyen de suspension élastique comprend n liaisons de suspension élastiques reliant chaque partie rigide individuellement à la base.The document WO2018/100122A1 in the name of LVMH describes a device for a timepiece comprising a base, an inertia regulator member rotatably mounted with respect to the base, by means of an elastic suspension means connecting the regulator member to the base. The regulator member comprises a number n of rigid parts connected two by two by means of n elastic coupling links. the elastic suspension means comprises n elastic suspension links connecting each rigid part individually to the base.

Le document EP3001257A1 au nom de ETA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse décrit un résonateur d'horlogerie comportant une masse reliée, par des lames flexibles, à des points d'accrochage d'une structure fixe, et soumise à un couple ou/et un effort, ce résonateur étant agencé pour osciller avec au moins deux degrés de liberté en translation, et les lames flexibles étant agencées pour entretenir des oscillations de cette au moins une masse autour d'un pivot virtuel. Ces lames flexibles comportent de longs bras chacun de longueur développée au moins deux fois supérieure à la plus courte distance entre la masse et les points d'accrochage.The document EP3001257A1 on behalf of ETA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse describes a watchmaking resonator comprising a mass connected, by flexible blades, to attachment points of a fixed structure, and subjected to a torque and/or a force, this resonator being arranged to oscillate with at least two degrees of freedom in translation, and the flexible blades being arranged to maintain oscillations of this at least one mass around a virtual pivot. These flexible blades have long arms, each with a developed length at least twice greater than the shortest distance between the mass and the attachment points.

Le document CH712068A2 au nom de ETA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse décrit un mécanisme résonateur d'horlogerie avec une masse pivotante, pivotant autour d'un axe virtuel, et comportant un mécanisme flexible de guidage en pivotement et un premier et un deuxième supports fixes auxquels est fixé, par un premier ensemble élastique et respectivement un deuxième ensemble élastique qui définissent ensemble cet axe virtuel, un support rotatif portant cette masse pivotante. Ce mécanisme flexible de guidage en pivotement est plan, le premier ensemble élastique comporte, de part et d'autre de l'axe virtuel, et jointes par une première lame intermédiaire plus rigide que chacune d'elles, une première lame flexible externe et une première lame flexible interne définissant ensemble une première direction passant par l'axe virtuel, et le deuxième ensemble comporte une deuxième lame flexible définissant une deuxième direction passant par l'axe virtuel.The document CH712068A2 in the name of ETA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse describes a resonator clockwork mechanism with a pivoting mass, pivoting around a virtual axis, and comprising a flexible pivoting guide mechanism and a first and a second fixed supports to which is fixed, by a first elastic assembly and respectively a second elastic assembly which together define this virtual axis, a rotary support carrying this pivoting mass. This flexible pivoting guide mechanism is flat, the first elastic assembly comprises, on either side of the virtual axis, and joined by a first intermediate blade more rigid than each of them, a first external flexible blade and a first internal flexible blade together defining a first direction passing through the virtual axis, and the second assembly includes a second flexible blade defining a second direction passing through the virtual axis.

Le document EP2975470A1 au nom de NIVAROX SA décrit un dispositif de guidage élastique en rotation pour un mécanisme d'horlogerie permettant la rotation d'un élément par rapport à un autre autour d'un axe de rotation définissant une direction axiale, comprenant des lames de construction, comprenant chacune une pièce de fixation d'assemblage comprenant un corps et une partie fonctionnelle s'étendant du corps jusqu'à une extrémité, la partie de fixation de l'ensemble et la partie fonctionnelle étant séparées par au moins une fente en au moins deux extensions élastiquement connectées qui s'étendent dans une direction radiale transversale à la direction axiale, le dispositif comprenant en outre des zones d'ancrage disposées à des extrémités axiales opposées du dispositif de guidage flexible, et configurées pour être fixées auxdits organes. La partie de fixation d'assemblage de chacune des lames de construction comprend une cavité ou un dégagement d'assemblage et une extension d'assemblage qui s'entrecroisent et qui s'emboîtent dans une direction radiale pour être verrouillées ensemble. Afin de garantir la précision de la montre mécanique, on cherche à définir un guidage flexible rotatif dont le couple de rappel est proportionnel à l'angle d'élongation, pour que la période ne dépende pas de l'amplitude d'oscillation, et dont les déplacements parasites du centre de rotation virtuel sont les plus faibles, pour que la période ne dépende pas de l'orientation de la montre. On recherche, en outre, un guidage qui permette de grandes amplitudes sans que les contraintes dans le matériau produisent la rupture.The document EP2975470A1 in the name of NIVAROX SA describes an elastic guide device in rotation for a clockwork mechanism allowing the rotation of one element relative to another around an axis of rotation defining an axial direction, comprising construction blades, comprising each an assembly fastener comprising a body and a functional part extending from the body to one end, the assembly fastening part and the functional part being separated by at least one slot into at least two extensions elastically connected which extend in a radial direction transverse to the axial direction, the device further comprising anchoring zones arranged at opposite axial ends of the flexible guide device, and configured to be fixed to said members. The assembly fixing portion of each of the construction blades includes a cavity or a assembly clearance and an assembly extension which intersect and fit in a radial direction to be locked together. In order to guarantee the precision of the mechanical watch, we seek to define a rotating flexible guide whose return torque is proportional to the angle of elongation, so that the period does not depend on the amplitude of oscillation, and whose the parasitic displacements of the virtual center of rotation are the smallest, so that the period does not depend on the orientation of the watch. In addition, a guide is sought which allows large amplitudes without the stresses in the material producing rupture.

En pratique, pour bien assurer la fonction de guidage d'un tel guidage flexible, on sait utiliser au moins deux lames flexibles combinées en parallèle, comme par exemple dans un pivot à lames croisées en projection. Mais la forme la plus élémentaire de guidage flexible rotatif est une lame unique qui travaille en flexion pure, et qui reste une solution à ne pas négliger.In practice, to ensure the guiding function of such a flexible guide, it is known to use at least two flexible blades combined in parallel, as for example in a pivot with blades crossed in projection. But the most basic form of rotating flexible guide is a single blade that works in pure flexion, and this remains a solution not to be overlooked.

En première approximation, si on soumet une lame sensiblement plate à un moment, elle se déforme selon un arc de cercle, et son extrémité définit un angle proportionnel au moment appliqué.As a first approximation, if a substantially flat plate is subjected to a moment, it deforms along an arc of a circle, and its end defines an angle proportional to the moment applied.

En réalité, la lame fléchie présente une légère courbure anticlastique. La courbure anticlastique est due au fait que les fibres extérieures à la fibre neutre de la lame en flexion, doivent s'allonger et donc, aussi se contracter dans les directions orthogonales à la fibre neutre, et, inversement, les fibres intérieures à la fibre neutre sont contractées et donc, s'étendent orthogonalement.In reality, the flexed blade has a slight anticlastic curvature. The anticlastic curvature is due to the fact that the fibers exterior to the neutral fiber of the blade in bending, must lengthen and therefore also contract in the directions orthogonal to the neutral fiber, and, conversely, the fibers interior to the fiber neutral are contracted and therefore extend orthogonally.

L'ampleur de ces déformations orthogonales est décrite par le coefficient de Poisson. Si le volume du matériau est maintenu, le coefficient de Poisson vaut 0.5. Pour la plupart des matériaux usuels, le coefficient de Poisson est plus proche de la valeur 0.3.The magnitude of these orthogonal deformations is described by the Poisson's ratio. If the volume of the material is maintained, the Poisson's ratio is worth 0.5. For most common materials, the Poisson's ratio is closer to the value 0.3.

L'ampleur de la courbure anticlastique dépend de la courbure en flexion locale, du coefficient de Poisson du matériau, des rapports entre les trois principales dimensions de la lame, et des géométries des encastrements.The magnitude of the anticlastic curvature depends on the local bending curvature, the Poisson's ratio of the material, the ratios between the three main dimensions of the blade, and the geometries of the embedments.

La dépendance de la courbure anticlastique à l'angle de flexion provoque, si on ne prend aucune précaution, une non-linéarité dans la relation entre l'angle de flexion et le moment appliqué.The dependence of the anticlastic curvature on the bending angle causes, if no precautions are taken, a non-linearity in the relationship between the bending angle and the applied moment.

Cet effet est très faible, mais pour un oscillateur de montre mécanique, un millième de non-linéarité résulte en une erreur de l'ordre de 100 secondes par jour de fonctionnement.This effect is very small, but for a mechanical watch oscillator, one thousandth of non-linearity results in an error of the order of 100 seconds per day of operation.

Il convient encore de noter encore que l'on cherche parfois à contrôler la non-linéarité plutôt qu'à l'annuler, pour, par exemple, compenser un anisochronisme provoqué par l'échappement utilisé.It should also be noted that it is sometimes sought to control the non-linearity rather than to cancel it, in order, for example, to compensate for an anisochronism caused by the escapement used.

Résumé de l'inventionSummary of the invention

L'invention se propose de définir un guidage flexible pour oscillateur mécanique, qui soit le moins possible soumis à la courbure anticlastique.The invention proposes to define a flexible guide for a mechanical oscillator, which is subjected as little as possible to anticlastic curvature.

L'invention se propose de munir la lame flexible d'au moins une nervure et d'au moins un col, afin de contrôler la courbure anticlastique, sans pour autant dégrader significativement les performances élastiques de la lame flexible.The invention proposes to provide the flexible strip with at least one rib and at least one neck, in order to control the anticlastic curvature, without significantly degrading the elastic performance of the flexible strip.

Plus particulièrement, plusieurs nervures sont réparties le long de la lame flexible et s'étendent selon la hauteur de celle-ci, afin de la rigidifier pour limiter la courbure anticlastique, sans beaucoup limiter ses qualités attendues de flexion.More particularly, several ribs are distributed along the flexible blade and extend according to the height thereof, in order to stiffen it to limit the anticlastic curvature, without greatly limiting its expected bending qualities.

A cet effet, l'invention concerne un résonateur d'horlogerie selon la revendication 1.To this end, the invention relates to a clockwork resonator according to claim 1.

L'invention concerne encore une pièce d'horlogerie, notamment une montre, comportant au moins un tel résonateur.The invention also relates to a timepiece, in particular a watch, comprising at least one such resonator.

Description sommaire des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

Bien que les variantes de réalisation illustrées dans les dessins annexés sont des lames ne comportant pas de col, qui ne font pas partie de l'objet de la revendication 1 annexée, d'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre, en référence aux dessins annexés, où :

  • les figures 1 à 3 représentent, de façon schématisée, une lame flexible sujette à une courbure anticlastique :
  • la figure 1 est un détail montrant les courbures inverses qui se contrarient dans la zone médiane de la lame à distance égale des encastrements ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue de dessus de cette lame,
  • et la figure 3 est une vue en perspective de cette même lame faisant apparaître la courbure parasite au milieu de la lame ;
  • la figure 4 représente, de façon similaire à la figure 3,une lame flexible droite classique entre deux encastrements, à l'état libre non contraint ;
  • les figures 5 et 6 représentent, de façon similaire aux figures 3 et 2, une lame flexible équipée de nervures s'étendant sur sa hauteur, représentée en flexion ;
  • la figure 7 est un diagramme de marche d'un résonateur à guidage flexible à une lame, avec en ordonnée la marche en secondes par jour, en fonction de son amplitude en degrés en abscisse, pour différents nombres de tronçons entre les nervures dont est équipée une lame similaire à celle des figures 5 et 6 ;
  • la figure 8 est un diagramme de marche d'un résonateur à guidage flexible à une lame illustrant son anisochronisme, entre 20° et 10° d'amplitude, avec en ordonnée la marche en secondes par jour, en fonction du nombre de tronçons de la lame du résonateur en abscisse ;
  • les figures 9 et 10 représentent, de façon similaire aux figures 6 et 5, une lame flexible dont les nervures sont agencées de façon à constituer une lame ondulée dont la fibre neutre n'est pas comprise dans l'épaisseur de la lame, laquelle lame croise cette fibre neutre uniquement aux zones d'inflexion de l'ondulation ;
  • les figures 11 et 12 représentent, de façon similaire aux figures 9 et 10, une lame flexible dont les nervures sont agencées de façon à constituer une lame ondulée dont la fibre neutre est comprise dans l'épaisseur de la lame, qui conserve ainsi sa rigidité maximale en traction ;
  • les figures 13 à 31 représentent, de façon similaire à la figure 5, différentes variantes d'exécution de lames flexibles:
  • figure 13: nervures droites parallélépipédiques sur toute la hauteur de la lame, en symétrie par rapport à la fibre neutre ;
  • figure 14 : nervures prismatiques à base de losange, sur toute la hauteur de la lame, en symétrie par rapport à la fibre neutre ;
  • figure 15: nervures tubulaires sur toute la hauteur de la lame, en symétrie par rapport à la fibre neutre ;
  • figure 16: nervures prismatiques à base d'ellipse, sur toute la hauteur de la lame, en symétrie par rapport à la fibre neutre ;
  • figure 17: nervures droites parallélépipédiques sur toute la hauteur de la lame, alternées par rapport à la fibre neutre selon un pas régulier ;
  • figure 18: nervures prismatiques à base de demi-ellipse, sur toute la hauteur de la lame, et sur un seul côté de celle-ci ;
  • figure 19: nervures prismatiques à base de trapèze, sur toute la hauteur de la lame, et sur un seul côté de celle-ci ;
  • figure 20: nervures prismatiques à base d'ondulation sinusoïdale, sur toute la hauteur de la lame, alternées par rapport à la fibre neutre selon un pas régulier, et en débord de la fibre neutre ;
  • figure 21: nervures prismatiques à base de ligne brisée en zig-zag, sur toute la hauteur de la lame, alternées par rapport à la fibre neutre selon un pas régulier, et en débord de la fibre neutre ;
  • figure 22: nervures prismatiques en secteurs cylindriques, sur toute la hauteur de la lame, alternées par rapport à la fibre neutre selon un pas régulier, et en débord de la fibre neutre ;
  • figure 23: nervures prismatiques en créneaux, sur toute la hauteur de la lame, alternées par rapport à la fibre neutre selon un pas régulier, et en débord de la fibre neutre ;
  • figure 24: nervures prismatiques à base d'ondulation sinusoïdale, sur toute la hauteur de la lame, alternées par rapport à la fibre neutre selon un pas régulier, et recouvrant la fibre neutre ;
  • figure 25: nervures prismatiques en secteurs cylindriques, sur toute la hauteur de la lame, alternées par rapport à la fibre neutre selon un pas régulier, et recouvrant la fibre neutre ;
  • figure 26: nervures droites parallélépipédiques sur une partie de la hauteur de la lame, en symétrie par rapport à la fibre neutre ;
  • figure 27 : lame concave symétrie par rapport à la fibre neutre et par rapport par un plan à mi-hauteur de la lame ;
  • figure 28: nervures droites parallélépipédiques sur une partie de la hauteur de la lame, comportant un creux arrondi à mi-hauteur de la lame, en symétrie par rapport à la fibre neutre ;
  • figure 29: nervures droites parallélépipédiques sur une partie de la hauteur de la lame, comportant un saillant arrondi à mi-hauteur de la lame, en symétrie par rapport à la fibre neutre ;
  • figure 30: nervures droites parallélépipédiques sur une partie de la hauteur de la lame, de part et d'autre d'une ouverture à mi-hauteur de la lame, en symétrie par rapport à la fibre neutre ;
  • figure 31: nervures droites parallélépipédiques sur une partie de la hauteur de la lame en forme de rampe selon la hauteur;
  • la figure 32 est un schéma-blocs représentant une pièce d'horlogerie, notamment une montre, comportant un résonateur selon l'invention avec au moins une lame flexible à relief contre la courbure anticlastique.
Although the alternative embodiments illustrated in the appended drawings are blades not comprising a neck, which do not form part of the subject of appended claim 1, other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent on reading the following detailed description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, where:
  • the figures 1 to 3 schematically represent a flexible blade subject to anticlastic curvature:
  • the figure 1 is a detail showing the reverse curvatures which oppose each other in the middle zone of the blade at an equal distance from the embedments;
  • the picture 2 is a top view of this blade,
  • and the picture 3 is a perspective view of this same blade showing the parasitic curvature in the middle of the blade;
  • the figure 4 represents, similarly to the picture 3 , a conventional straight flexible blade between two embeddings, in the unconstrained free state;
  • the figures 5 and 6 represent, similarly to figures 3 and 2 , a flexible blade equipped with ribs extending over its height, represented in bending;
  • the figure 7 is a rate diagram of a single-blade flex-guided resonator, with the rate in seconds per day on the ordinate, as a function of its amplitude in degrees on the abscissa, for different numbers of sections between the ribs with which a similar blade is equipped to that of figures 5 and 6 ;
  • the figure 8 is a rate diagram of a single-blade flexible-guided resonator illustrating its anisochronism, between 20° and 10° of amplitude, with the ordinate of the rate in seconds per day, as a function of the number of sections of the resonator blade on the abscissa;
  • the figures 9 and 10 represent, similarly to figures 6 and 5 , a flexible blade whose ribs are arranged so as to constitute a corrugated blade whose neutral fiber is not included in the thickness of the blade, which blade crosses this neutral fiber only at the zones of inflection of the undulation;
  • the figures 11 and 12 represent, similarly to figures 9 and 10 , a flexible strip, the ribs of which are arranged so as to constitute a corrugated strip, the neutral fiber of which is included in the thickness of the strip, which thus retains its maximum stiffness in traction;
  • the figures 13 to 31 represent, similarly to the figure 5 , different variants of execution of flexible blades:
  • figure 13 : parallelepipedal straight ribs over the entire height of the blade, in symmetry with respect to the neutral fibre;
  • figure 14 : prismatic ribs with a diamond base, over the entire height of the blade, in symmetry with respect to the neutral fibre;
  • figure 15 : tubular ribs over the entire height of the blade, in symmetry with respect to the neutral fibre;
  • figure 16 : prismatic ribs based on an ellipse, over the entire height of the blade, in symmetry with respect to the neutral fibre;
  • figure 17 : parallelepipedic straight ribs over the entire height of the blade, alternated with respect to the neutral fiber in a regular pitch;
  • figure 18 : prismatic ribs based on a half-ellipse, over the entire height of the blade, and on only one side of it;
  • figure 19 : prismatic trapezium-based ribs, over the entire height of the blade, and on only one side of it;
  • figure 20 : prismatic ribs based on sinusoidal undulation, over the entire height of the blade, alternated with respect to the neutral fiber according to a regular pitch, and overhanging the neutral fiber;
  • figure 21 : prismatic ribs based on a broken zig-zag line, over the entire height of the slat, alternated with respect to the neutral fiber according to a regular pitch, and overhanging the neutral fiber;
  • figure 22 : prismatic ribs in cylindrical sectors, over the entire height of the slat, alternated with respect to the neutral fiber according to a regular pitch, and overhanging the neutral fiber;
  • figure 23 : prismatic ribs in slots, over the entire height of the blade, alternated with respect to the neutral fiber according to a regular pitch, and overhanging the neutral fiber;
  • figure 24 : prismatic ribs based on sinusoidal undulation, over the entire height of the blade, alternated with respect to the neutral fiber according to a regular pitch, and covering the neutral fiber;
  • figure 25 : prismatic ribs in cylindrical sectors, over the entire height of the blade, alternated with respect to the neutral fiber according to a regular pitch, and covering the neutral fiber;
  • figure 26 : parallelepipedal straight ribs on part of the height of the blade, in symmetry with respect to the neutral fibre;
  • figure 27 : concave blade symmetry with respect to the neutral fiber and with respect to a plane at mid-height of the blade;
  • figure 28 : parallelepipedal straight ribs over part of the height of the slat, comprising a rounded hollow at mid-height of the slat, in symmetry with respect to the neutral fibre;
  • figure 29 : parallelepipedal straight ribs over part of the height of the slat, comprising a rounded projection at mid-height of the slat, in symmetry with respect to the neutral fibre;
  • figure 30 : parallelepipedal straight ribs over part of the height of the slat, on either side of an opening halfway up the slat, in symmetry with respect to the neutral fibre;
  • figure 31 : parallelepipedal straight ribs on part of the height of the blade in the form of a ramp according to the height;
  • the figure 32 is a block diagram representing a timepiece, in particular a watch, comprising a resonator according to the invention with at least one flexible blade with relief against the anticlastic curvature.

Description détaillée des modes de réalisation préférésDetailed Description of Preferred Embodiments

L'invention se propose de munir la lame flexible d'au moins une nervure et d'au moins un col, afin de contrôler la courbure anticlastique.The invention proposes to provide the flexible blade with at least one rib and at least one neck, in order to control the anticlastic curvature.

Les figures 1 à 3 représentent une lame flexible classique sujette à une courbure anticlastique.The figures 1 to 3 represent a classic flexible blade subject to anticlastic curvature.

La figure 4 définit les éléments géométriques de référence utilisés dans la suite de l'exposé, et représente une lame flexible 2 joignant un premier encastrement 41 d'un premier élément 4 à un deuxième encastrement 51 d'un deuxième élément 5. Le premier encastrement 41 définit avec le deuxième encastrement 51 une direction de lame D. Le premier élément 4 et le deuxième élément 5 sont, chacun, plus rigide que chaque lame flexible 2. La lame flexible 2 est agencée pour se déformer essentiellement dans un plan XY parallèle à la direction de lame D, et comportant une première dimension L appelée longueur selon un premier axe Y longitudinal parallèle à la direction de lame D et définie par le premier encastrement 41 et le deuxième encastrement 51, une deuxième dimension E appelée épaisseur selon un deuxième axe X transversal orthogonal au premier axe Y dans le plan XY, et une troisième dimension H appelée hauteur selon un troisième axe Z orthogonal au plan XY. La première dimension L est supérieure à la troisième dimension H, laquelle est supérieure à la deuxième dimension E.The figure 4 defines the reference geometric elements used in the rest of the description, and represents a flexible blade 2 joining a first recess 41 of a first element 4 to a second recess 51 of a second element 5. The first recess 41 defines with the second recess 51 a blade direction D. The first element 4 and the second element 5 are each more rigid than each flexible blade 2. The flexible blade 2 is arranged to deform essentially in an XY plane parallel to the direction of blade D, and comprising a first dimension L called length according to a first longitudinal axis Y parallel to the blade direction D and defined by the first recess 41 and the second recess 51, a second dimension E called thickness according to a second orthogonal transverse axis X to the first axis Y in the XY plane, and a third dimension H called height according to a third axis Z orthogonal to the XY plane. The first dimension L is greater than the third dimension H, which is greater than the second dimension E.

La lame 2 s'étend sensiblement en forme de ruban le long d'une fibre neutre FN géométrique joignant le premier encastrement 41 et le deuxième encastrement 51, et comporte au moins une zone médiane 6, qui s'étend transversalement, selon le deuxième axe X, autour ou bien de part et d'autre de la fibre neutre FN, et dont l'épaisseur est une épaisseur nominale EN. Selon le cas, tel que visible sur les figures, la lame 2 peut s'étendre autour de la fibre neutre FN, qui reste alors toujours dans la matière, ou bien de part et d'autre de cette fibre neutre FN. On comprend que cette fibre neutre FN correspond à une courbe en position de repos de la lame 2, vers laquelle cette lame revient après une déformation élastique en flexion.The strip 2 extends substantially in the form of a ribbon along a geometric neutral fiber FN joining the first recess 41 and the second recess 51, and comprises at least one median zone 6, which extends transversely, along the second axis X, around or on either side of the neutral fiber FN, and whose thickness is a nominal thickness EN. Depending on the case, as seen in the figures, the blade 2 can extend around the neutral fiber FN, which then always remains in the material, or on either side of this neutral fiber FN. It is understood that this neutral fiber FN corresponds to a curve in the rest position of the blade 2, towards which this blade returns after an elastic deformation in bending.

Dans une variante, tel que visible notamment sur la figure 5, plusieurs nervures sont réparties le long de la lame et s'étendent selon la hauteur de la lame, afin de rigidifier la lame pour limiter la courbure anticlastique, sans beaucoup la rigidifier pour la flexion prévue.In a variant, as seen in particular on the figure 5 , several ribs are distributed along the blade and extend according to the height of the blade, to stiffen the blade to limit anticlastic curvature, without stiffening it much for the expected flex.

La figure 7 présente la marche d'un résonateur à guidage flexible à une lame en fonction de son amplitude pour différents nombres de tronçons, le nombre de nervures étant ici égal au nombre de tronçons moins un. On constate que l'ajout de quelques nervures suffit à améliorer considérablement l'isochronisme du résonateur.The figure 7 shows the rate of a one-blade flexible guide resonator as a function of its amplitude for different numbers of sections, the number of ribs being here equal to the number of sections minus one. It can be seen that the addition of a few ribs suffices to considerably improve the isochronism of the resonator.

La figure 8 montre la variation de marche (anisochronisme) entre 20° et 10° d'amplitude, en fonction du nombre de tronçons de la lame du résonateur.The figure 8 shows the rate variation (anisochronism) between 20° and 10° of amplitude, depending on the number of sections of the blade of the resonator.

Une autre variante consiste à munir la lame flexible d'ondulations, afin de contrôler la courbure anticlastique, tel que visible sur les figures 9 et 10. La lame ondulée proposée peut, en projection dans le plan XY, comprendre complètement la fibre neutre FN, pour ne pas perdre la rigidité en traction de la lame.Another variant consists in providing the flexible blade with undulations, in order to control the anticlastic curvature, as visible on the figures 9 and 10 . The proposed corrugated blade can, in projection in the XY plane, completely include the neutral fiber FN, so as not to lose the tensile rigidity of the blade.

Ainsi, l'invention concerne un résonateur d'horlogerie 100 comportant, entre un premier élément 4 et un deuxième élément 5 dont au moins l'un des deux constitue un élément inertiel mobile au sein du résonateur 100, au moins un guidage flexible 1 constituant un moyen de rappel élastique de cet élément inertiel au sein du résonateur 100.Thus, the invention relates to a timepiece resonator 100 comprising, between a first element 4 and a second element 5 of which at least one of the two constitutes a mobile inertial element within the resonator 100, at least one flexible guide 1 constituting a means of elastic return of this inertial element within the resonator 100.

Ce guidage flexible 1 comporte au moins une lame flexible 2 telle que définie dans la revendication 1 annexée.This flexible guide 1 comprises at least one flexible blade 2 as defined in appended claim 1.

Selon l'invention, cette au moins une lame flexible 2 est symétrique par rapport à un plan médian parallèle au plan XY, a une extension transversale qui est variable selon le deuxième axe transversal X, en projection sur le plan XY, par rapport à la fibre neutre FN, et comporte, selon ce deuxième axe transversal X, au moins un relief. Ce relief est saillant et éloigné de la fibre neutre FN d'une distance supérieure à la moitié de la plus faible épaisseur de la au moins une lame flexible 2 considérée, ou à la moitié ou de l'épaisseur nominale EN, pour limiter la courbure anticlastique de cette au moins une lame flexible 2.According to the invention, this at least one flexible strip 2 is symmetrical with respect to a median plane parallel to the XY plane, has a transverse extension which is variable along the second transverse axis X, in projection on the XY plane, with respect to the neutral fiber FN, and comprises, along this second transverse axis X, at least one relief. This relief is salient and distant from the neutral fiber FN by a distance greater than half the smallest thickness of the at least one flexible blade 2 considered, or half or the nominal thickness EN, to limit the curvature anticlastic of this at least one flexible strip 2.

Selon l'invention, cette au moins une lame 2 comporte, à distance du premier encastrement 41 et du deuxième encastrement 51, au moins une nervure 3 s'étendant sensiblement selon le troisième axe Z. Plus particulièrement, chaque nervure 3 comporte au moins une génératrice 31 qui est plus éloignée de la fibre neutre FN que ne le sont les surfaces latérales des zones médianes 6 de la lame 2 situées en dehors de cette ou de ces nervures 3. Et l'extension longitudinale LN, selon le premier axe Y longitudinal, de chaque nervure 3 de la lame 2 est inférieure ou égale au cinquième de la longueur L de la lame 2 entre ses encastrements.According to the invention, this at least one blade 2 comprises, at a distance from the first recess 41 and the second recess 51, at least one rib 3 extending substantially along the third axis Z. More particularly, each rib 3 comprises at least one generatrix 31 which is farther from the neutral fiber FN than are the side surfaces of the median zones 6 of the strip 2 situated outside this or these ribs 3. And the longitudinal extension LN, along the first axis Y longitudinal, of each rib 3 of the blade 2 is less than or equal to one fifth of the length L of the blade 2 between its recesses.

Selon l'invention, chaque nervure 3 est distante, selon le premier axe Y, de tout col que comporte la lame 2, d'une valeur supérieure ou égale à la hauteur H de la lame 2. Les variantes de réalisation illustrées sont des lames ne comportant pas de col, qui ne font pas partie de l'objet de la revendication 1 annexée.According to the invention, each rib 3 is spaced, along the first axis Y, from any neck that the blade 2 has, by a value greater than or equal to the height H of the blade 2. The variant embodiments illustrated are blades having no neck, which do not form part of the subject of the appended claim 1.

Plus particulièrement, cette au moins une lame 2 comporte une pluralité de zones médianes 6, qui sont des tronçons s'étendant le long de la fibre neutre FN et dans le prolongement géométrique les uns des autres le long de la fibre neutre FN avec la même épaisseur nominale EN. Chaque tronçon 6 forme un ruban dont les surfaces latérales 60 sont parallèles au troisième axe Z. Et, en projection sur le plan XY, au moins deux tronçons 6 sont séparés par une nervure 3 d'épaisseur saillante ES par rapport à une surface latérale 60. Cette épaisseur saillante ES est de préférence supérieure ou égale à l'épaisseur nominale EN selon le deuxième axe X transversal. Plus particulièrement, l'épaisseur saillante ES est au moins une fois et demi plus grande que l'épaisseur nominale EN.More particularly, this at least one blade 2 comprises a plurality of median zones 6, which are sections extending along the neutral fiber FN and in the geometric extension of each other along the neutral fiber FN with the same EN nominal thickness. Each section 6 forms a ribbon, the side surfaces 60 of which are parallel to the third axis Z. And, in projection on the XY plane, at least two sections 6 are separated by a rib 3 of projecting thickness ES with respect to a side surface 60 This protruding thickness ES is preferably greater than or equal to the nominal thickness EN along the second transverse axis X. More particularly, the protruding thickness ES is at least one and a half times greater than the nominal thickness EN.

Plus particulièrement, cette au moins une lame 2 comporte, à distance du premier encastrement 41 et du deuxième encastrement 51, au moins deux nervures 3.More particularly, this at least one blade 2 comprises, at a distance from the first recess 41 and the second recess 51, at least two ribs 3.

Dans une variante particulière, la lame 2 est droite, et comporte sa fibre neutre FN droite selon la direction de lame D.In a particular variant, blade 2 is straight, and has its neutral fiber FN straight in blade direction D.

Plus particulièrement, les tronçons 6 sont des tronçons courts, dont la longueur selon la première direction longitudinale Y est inférieure à la hauteur de la lame 2.More particularly, the sections 6 are short sections, the length of which in the first longitudinal direction Y is less than the height of the blade 2.

Plus particulièrement, le nombre de tronçons est supérieur ou égal au premier nombre entier supérieur ou égal au quotient L/H de la longueur totale L de la lame 2 par sa hauteur H.More particularly, the number of sections is greater than or equal to the first integer greater than or equal to the quotient L/H of the total length L of the strip 2 by its height H.

Dans une variante de réalisation, la lame 2 comporte une alternance de tronçons 6 suivant la fibre neutre FN, et de nervures 3.In a variant embodiment, the blade 2 comprises alternating sections 6 following the neutral fiber FN, and ribs 3.

Dans une autre variante de réalisation, les zones médianes 6 sont limitées à des zones d'inflexion entre des nervures arrondies ou pointues, ou similaire, formant une lame ondulée ou en zig-zag.In another alternative embodiment, the median zones 6 are limited to zones of inflection between rounded or pointed ribs, or the like, forming a wavy or zig-zag blade.

Dans une réalisation particulière, cette au moins une lame flexible 2 comporte au moins une nervure 3 qui s'étend sur toute la hauteur H de la lame 2 selon le troisième axe Z. Plus particulièrement, chaque nervure 3 de cette lame 2 s'étend sur toute la hauteur H de la lame 2 selon le troisième axe Z.In a particular embodiment, this at least one flexible blade 2 comprises at least one rib 3 which extends over the entire height H of the blade 2 along the third axis Z. More particularly, each rib 3 of this blade 2 extends over the entire height H of the blade 2 along the third axis Z.

Plus particulièrement, la hauteur H de la lame 2 est inférieure ou égale au cinquième de la longueur L de la lame 2 entre ses encastrements.More particularly, the height H of the slat 2 is less than or equal to one fifth of the length L of the slat 2 between its recesses.

Plus particulièrement, l'épaisseur maximale EM de la lame 2 selon le deuxième axe X transversal est inférieure ou égale au cinquième de la hauteur H de la lame 2.More particularly, the maximum thickness EM of the strip 2 along the second transverse axis X is less than or equal to one fifth of the height H of the strip 2.

Dans une réalisation avantageuse en termes de fabrication, la lame 2 forme un prisme droit s'étendant selon le troisième axe Z, c'est-à-dire un solide extrudé selon la direction Z depuis une base dans le plan XY, et plus particulièrement limité par deux plans parallèles au plan XY et distants de la hauteur H. Plus particulièrement la base de ce prisme dans le plan XY est symétrique par rapport à la projection de la fibre neutre FN dans ce plan XY. Autrement exprimé, la lame 2 peut être facilement réalisée par un procédé de type extrusion, ou par un procédé « LIGA » ou « DRIE », puisque que sa géométrie peut être entièrement décrite par sa projection dans le plan XY, élevée selon la troisième direction Z.In an advantageous embodiment in terms of manufacture, the blade 2 forms a right prism extending along the third axis Z, that is to say a solid extruded along the Z direction from a base in the XY plane, and more particularly limited by two planes parallel to the plane XY and distant from the height H. More particularly the base of this prism in the plane XY is symmetrical with respect to the projection of the neutral fiber FN in this plane XY. In other words, the blade 2 can easily be produced by an extrusion-type process, or by a “LIGA” or “DRIE” process, since its geometry can be entirely described by its projection in the XY plane, raised in the third direction Z.

Dans certaines variantes illustrées, la lame peut comporter une ouverture centrale, notamment quand elle est réalisée à base de deux wafers tête-bêche, ou comporter une dépouille, ou comporter deux dépouilles en symétrie par rapport à un plan médian parallèle au plan XY.In certain variants illustrated, the blade may comprise a central opening, in particular when it is made on the basis of two head-to-tail wafers, or comprise a relief, or comprise two reliefs in symmetry with respect to a median plane parallel to the XY plane.

Plus particulièrement, l'extension longitudinale LN de chaque nervure 3 de la lame 2, selon le premier axe Y longitudinal, est inférieure ou égale à l'épaisseur saillante ES de la nervure 3 selon le deuxième axe X transversal.More particularly, the longitudinal extension LN of each rib 3 of the blade 2, along the first longitudinal axis Y, is less than or equal to the projecting thickness ES of the rib 3 along the second transverse axis X.

Dans une réalisation particulière, au moins une nervure 3 est un parallélépipède rectangle ou est inscrit dans un parallélépipède rectangle.In a particular embodiment, at least one rib 3 is a rectangular parallelepiped or is part of a rectangular parallelepiped.

Plus particulièrement, ces parallélépipèdes rectangles s'étendent sur toute la hauteur de la lame, et leur dimension selon le deuxième axe transversal X est plus grande que leur dimension selon le premier axe longitudinal Y.More particularly, these rectangular parallelepipeds extend over the entire height of the blade, and their dimension along the second transverse axis X is greater than their dimension along the first longitudinal axis Y.

Dans une autre variante, ces nervures sont prismatiques à base de losange, sur toute la hauteur de la lame, en symétrie par rapport à la fibre neutre par laquelle passe une diagonale du losange.In another variant, these ribs are prismatic with a diamond base, over the entire height of the blade, in symmetry with respect to the neutral fiber through which a diagonal of the diamond passes.

Dans une réalisation particulière, au moins une nervure 3 est un cylindre.In a particular embodiment, at least one rib 3 is a cylinder.

Dans une réalisation particulière, au moins une dite nervure 3 est un tube de section circulaire ou elliptique.In a particular embodiment, at least one said rib 3 is a tube of circular or elliptical section.

Dans une réalisation particulière, au moins une nervure 3 est symétrique par rapport à la fibre neutre FN.In a particular embodiment, at least one rib 3 is symmetrical with respect to the neutral fiber FN.

Dans une réalisation particulière, au moins une nervure 3 est asymétrique par rapport à la fibre neutre FN.In a particular embodiment, at least one rib 3 is asymmetrical with respect to the neutral fiber FN.

Dans une réalisation particulière, la lame 2 comporte, à distance du premier encastrement 41 et du deuxième encastrement 51, une pluralité de nervures 3 saillant alternativement de part et d'autre des zones médianes 6.In a particular embodiment, the blade 2 comprises, at a distance from the first recess 41 and the second recess 51, a plurality of ribs 3 protruding alternately on either side of the median zones 6.

Dans une réalisation particulière, au moins une nervure 3 est creuse ou ouverte.In a particular embodiment, at least one rib 3 is hollow or open.

Dans une réalisation particulière, toute projection de la lame 2 sur le plan XY englobe la fibre neutre FN.In a particular embodiment, any projection of the blade 2 on the XY plane includes the neutral fiber FN.

Dans une réalisation particulière, la lame 2 comporte, à distance du premier encastrement 41 et du deuxième encastrement 51, une pluralité de nervures 3 réparties régulièrement selon la première direction Y longitudinale.In a particular embodiment, the blade 2 comprises, at a distance from the first recess 41 and the second recess 51, a plurality of ribs 3 regularly distributed along the first longitudinal direction Y.

Dans une réalisation particulière, la lame 2 comporte, à distance du premier encastrement 41 et du deuxième encastrement 51, une pluralité de nervures 3, dont le nombre est supérieur ou égal à la différence entre d'une part le quotient L/H entre la longueur L et la hauteur H, et d'autre part une unité.In a particular embodiment, the blade 2 comprises, at a distance from the first recess 41 and the second recess 51, a plurality of ribs 3, the number of which is greater than or equal to the difference between on the one hand the quotient L/H between the length L and height H, and on the other hand a unit.

Dans une réalisation particulière, la projection de la lame 2 sur le plan XY comporte, au niveau de toutes les jonctions de surfaces, des congés arrondis avec une valeur minimale de rayon de 10 micromètres.In a particular embodiment, the projection of the blade 2 on the XY plane comprises, at all the surface junctions, rounded fillets with a minimum radius value of 10 micrometers.

Dans une réalisation particulière, la lame 2 est en matériau micro-usinable ou en silicium compensé thermiquement par une couche périphérique de dioxyde de silicium.In a particular embodiment, blade 2 is made of micro-machinable material or of silicon thermally compensated by a peripheral layer of silicon dioxide.

Plus particulièrement, la lame 2 comporte, selon sa longueur L, au moins deux augmentations de son inertie de section. Dans une réalisation particulière, la lame comporte au moins trois augmentations de son inertie de section. Ces augmentations de son inertie de section sont réalisées par ces nervures 3 qui s'étendent selon la troisième direction Z.More particularly, blade 2 comprises, along its length L, at least two increases in its section inertia. In a particular embodiment, the blade has at least three increases in its section inertia. These increases in its section inertia are achieved by these ribs 3 which extend in the third direction Z.

Dans une variante de type « tôle ondulée », ces augmentations de l'inertie de section sont réalisées par des ondulations qui s'étendent de part et d'autre de la fibre neutre.In a variant of the “corrugated sheet” type, these increases in section inertia are produced by undulations which extend on either side of the neutral fibre.

Dans une variante de type « tôle inextensible », les augmentations de l'inertie de section sont réalisées par de telles ondulations qui, vues en projection sur le plan XY, comprennent la fibre neutre.In a variant of the “inextensible sheet” type, the increases in section inertia are produced by such undulations which, seen in projection on the XY plane, include the neutral fiber.

Le guidage flexible 1 proprement dit n'est pas détaillé ici. Plus particulièrement, il comporte au moins deux telles lames flexibles 2. Plus particulièrement, ce guidage flexible est un pivot à lames croisées, avec au moins deux lames s'étendant chacune parallèlement au plan XY, distinctes, et croisées en projection sur ce plan XY.The flexible guide 1 itself is not detailed here. More particularly, it comprises at least two such flexible blades 2. More particularly, this flexible guide is a pivot with crossed blades, with at least two blades each extending parallel to the XY plane, distinct, and crossed in projection on this XY plane .

Plus particulièrement, la lame 2 est réalisée par procédé « DRIE » ou « LIGA » ou similaire.More particularly, the blade 2 is produced by the “DRIE” or “LIGA” or similar process.

L'invention concerne encore une pièce d'horlogerie 1000 comportant au moins un tel résonateur d'horlogerie 100. Plus particulièrement, cette pièce d'horlogerie 100 est une montre, en particulier une montre mécanique.The invention also relates to a timepiece 1000 comprising at least one such timepiece resonator 100. More particularly, this timepiece 100 is a watch, in particular a mechanical watch.

Claims (21)

  1. Timepiece resonator (100) comprising, between a first element (4) and a second element (5) of which at least one forms a movable inertia element in said resonator (100), at least one flexure bearing (1) forming an elastic return means for said inertia element in said resonator (100) and comprising at least one flexible strip (2) joining a first point of attachment (41) of said first element (4) to a second point of attachment (51) of said second element (5), said first point of attachment (41) defining with said second point of attachment (51) a strip direction (D), said first element (4) and said second element (5) each being stiffer than each said at least one flexible strip (2), said at least one flexible strip (2) being arranged to deform essentially in a plane XY parallel to said strip direction (D), and having a first dimension L, called the length, along a first longitudinal axis Y parallel to said strip direction (D), a second direction E, called the thickness, along a second transverse axis X orthogonal to said first axis Y in said plane XY, and a third dimension H, called the height, along a third axis Z orthogonal to said plane XY, said first dimension L being greater than said third dimension H which is greater than said second dimension E, said at least one strip (2) extending substantially in the form of a ribbon around or on either side of a neutral geometric axis (FN) joining said first attachment point (41) and said second attachment point (51), and comprising at least one median area (6) extending transversely along said second axis X, on either side of said neutral axis (FN) and whose thickness is a nominal thickness EN, wherein said at least one flexible strip (2) is symmetrical with respect to a median plane parallel to said plane XY, has a variable transverse extension with respect to said neutral axis (FN), along said second transverse axis X, in projection onto the plane XY, and comprises, along said second transverse axis X, at least one relief which protrudes and is separated from said neutral axis (FN) by a distance greater than half the smallest thickness of said at least one flexible strip (2) or half said nominal thickness (EN), to limit the anticlastic curvature of said at least one flexible strip (2), and wherein said strip (2) comprises, at a distance from its attachment points, at least one rib (3) extending substantially along an axis Z perpendicular to the plane XY, characterized in that each said rib (3) is distant, along said first axis Y, from any dip comprised in said strip (2), by a value greater than or equal to said height H of said strip (2).
  2. Timepiece resonator (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that each said rib (3) has at least one generatrix (31) which is farther from said neutral axis (FN) than the lateral surfaces of said median areas (6) of said strip (2) located outside said ribs (3), and characterized in that the longitudinal extension LN, along said first longitudinal axis Y, of each said rib (3) of said strip (2) is less than or equal to one fifth of said length L of said strip (2) between its attachment points.
  3. Timepiece resonator (100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said at least one strip (2) includes a plurality of said median areas (6), which are sections extending along said neutral axis (FN) and in the geometric extension of one another along said neutral axis (FN) with the same said nominal thickness EN, each said section (6) forming a ribbon whose lateral surfaces (60) are parallel to said third axis Z, characterized in that, in projection onto said plane XY, at least two said sections (6) are separated by a said rib (3) of projecting thickness ES with respect to a said lateral surface (60), said projecting thickness ES being greater than or equal to said nominal thickness EN along said second transverse axis X.
  4. Timepiece resonator (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that said projecting thickness ES is at least one and a half times greater than said nominal thickness EN.
  5. Timepiece resonator (100) according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said strip (2) includes, at a distance from said first attachment point (41) and from said second attachment point (51), at least two ribs (3).
  6. Timepiece resonator (100) according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said strip (2) is straight and has its said straight neutral axis (FN) along said strip direction (D).
  7. Timepiece resonator (100) according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said at least one flexible strip (2) comprises at least one said rib (3) which extends over the entire said height H of said strip (2) along said third axis Z.
  8. Timepiece resonator (100) according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said height H of said strip (2) is less than or equal to one fifth of said length L of said strip (2) between its attachment points.
  9. Timepiece resonator (100) according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the maximum thickness EM of said strip (2) along said second transverse axis X is less than or equal to one fifth of said height H of said strip (2).
  10. Timepiece resonator (100) according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that said strip (2) forms a right prism extending along said third axis Z.
  11. Timepiece resonator (100) according to claim 10, characterized in that the base of said prism in said plane XY is symmetrical with respect to the projection of said neutral axis in said plane XY.
  12. Timepiece resonator (100) according to any of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the longitudinal extension LN of each said rib (3) of said strip (2), along said first longitudinal axis Y, is less than or equal to the projecting thickness ES of said rib (3) along said second transverse axis X.
  13. Timepiece resonator (100) according to any of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that at least one said rib (3) is a rectangular parallelepiped or is inscribed in a rectangular parallelepiped.
  14. Timepiece resonator (100) according to any of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that at least one said rib (3) is symmetrical with respect to said neutral axis (FN).
  15. Timepiece resonator (100) according to any of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that said strip (2) includes, at a distance from said first attachment point (41) and from said second attachment point (51), a plurality of said ribs (3) alternately protruding on either side of said median areas (6).
  16. Timepiece resonator (100) according to any of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that any projection of said strip (2) onto said plane XY encompasses said neutral axis FN.
  17. Timepiece resonator (100) according to any of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that said strip (2) includes, at a distance from said first attachment point (41) and from said second attachment point (51), a plurality of said ribs (3) regularly distributed along said first longitudinal direction Y.
  18. Timepiece resonator (100) according to any of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that said strip (2) includes, at a distance from said first attachment point (41) and from said second attachment point (51), a plurality of said ribs (3), the number of which is greater than or equal to the difference between, on the one hand, the ratio L/H between said length L and said height H, and on the other hand, one unit.
  19. Timepiece resonator (100) according to any of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the projection of said strip (2) onto said plane XY includes, at all the surface junctions, rounded fillets with a minimum radius value of 10 micrometres.
  20. Timepiece resonator (100) according to any of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that said strip (2) is made of micromachinable material or of silicon temperature-compensated with a peripheral silicon dioxide layer.
  21. Timepiece (1000) including at least one timepiece resonator (100) according to any of claims 1 to 20.
EP18212333.1A 2018-12-13 2018-12-13 Timepiece resonator comprising at least one flexible guide Active EP3667432B1 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18212333.1A EP3667432B1 (en) 2018-12-13 2018-12-13 Timepiece resonator comprising at least one flexible guide
US16/685,059 US11520292B2 (en) 2018-12-13 2019-11-15 Timepiece resonator comprising at least one flexure bearing
US16/685,008 US11520291B2 (en) 2018-12-13 2019-11-15 Timepiece resonator comprising at least one flexure bearing
JP2019220936A JP6948376B2 (en) 2018-12-13 2019-12-06 Watch resonator with at least one flexure bearing
JP2019220933A JP6948375B2 (en) 2018-12-13 2019-12-06 Watch resonator with at least one flexure bearing
CN201911283750.3A CN111324027B (en) 2018-12-13 2019-12-13 Timepiece resonator comprising at least one flexure bearing
CN201911285869.4A CN111324028B (en) 2018-12-13 2019-12-13 Timepiece resonator comprising at least one flexure bearing

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EP4009113A1 (en) * 2020-12-02 2022-06-08 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Flexible guide assembly for rotary resonator mechanism, in particular for a timepiece movement

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JP2020095036A (en) 2020-06-18
CN111324028A (en) 2020-06-23
US20200192291A1 (en) 2020-06-18
CN111324028B (en) 2021-08-31
US11520291B2 (en) 2022-12-06
US20200192290A1 (en) 2020-06-18
JP6948375B2 (en) 2021-10-13
JP2020095037A (en) 2020-06-18
EP3667432A1 (en) 2020-06-17
US11520292B2 (en) 2022-12-06
CN111324027B (en) 2021-08-31
CN111324027A (en) 2020-06-23
JP6948376B2 (en) 2021-10-13

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