EP4187326A1 - Hairspring for timepiece resonator mechanism provided with a means for adjusting stiffness - Google Patents
Hairspring for timepiece resonator mechanism provided with a means for adjusting stiffness Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4187326A1 EP4187326A1 EP21211101.7A EP21211101A EP4187326A1 EP 4187326 A1 EP4187326 A1 EP 4187326A1 EP 21211101 A EP21211101 A EP 21211101A EP 4187326 A1 EP4187326 A1 EP 4187326A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flexible element
- hairspring
- force
- stiffness
- elongated flexible
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003739 neck Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005021 gait Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010979 ruby Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001750 ruby Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
- G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
- G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B18/00—Mechanisms for setting frequency
- G04B18/02—Regulator or adjustment devices; Indexing devices, e.g. raquettes
- G04B18/023—Regulator or adjustment devices; Indexing devices, e.g. raquettes with means for fine adjustment of the indexing device
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B18/00—Mechanisms for setting frequency
- G04B18/04—Adjusting the beat of the pendulum, balance, or the like, e.g. putting into beat
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
- G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
- G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
- G04B17/063—Balance construction
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
- G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
- G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
- G04B17/066—Manufacture of the spiral spring
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
- G04B17/32—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. collet, stud, virole or piton
- G04B17/34—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. collet, stud, virole or piton for fastening the hairspring onto the balance
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B18/00—Mechanisms for setting frequency
- G04B18/04—Adjusting the beat of the pendulum, balance, or the like, e.g. putting into beat
- G04B18/06—Adjusting the beat of the pendulum, balance, or the like, e.g. putting into beat by setting the collet or the stud of a hairspring
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B18/00—Mechanisms for setting frequency
- G04B18/08—Component parts or constructional details
Definitions
- the invention relates to a balance-spring for a clock resonator mechanism, the balance-spring being provided with means for adjusting the stiffness of said balance-spring.
- the invention also relates to a clockwork resonator mechanism provided with such a hairspring.
- the balance-spring constitutes the time base of the watch. It is also called resonator.
- an inertial element To constitute a mechanical resonator, an inertial element, a guide and an elastic return element are required.
- a spiral spring acts as an elastic return element for the inertial element that constitutes a balance. This balance wheel is guided in rotation by pivots which rotate in smooth ruby bearings.
- the balance spring must generally be able to be adjusted to improve the precision of a watch.
- means for adjusting the stiffness of the hairspring such as a racket, are used to modify the effective length of the spring.
- its stiffness is modified to adjust the running precision of the watch.
- the effectiveness of a traditional snowshoe in adjusting the gait remains limited, and it is not always effective in making the adjustment sufficiently precise, of the order of a few seconds or a few tens of seconds per day.
- adjustment means comprising one or more screws, arranged in the rim of the balance. By acting on the screws, the inertia of the balance wheel is modified, which has the effect of modifying its rate.
- the object of the present invention is to overcome all or part of the drawbacks mentioned above, by proposing a spiral spring provided with effective and precise adjustment means, configured in particular to adjust the rate of a timepiece by modifying the stiffness effective of said hairspring.
- the invention relates to a balance-spring, in particular for a clock resonator mechanism, the balance-spring comprising a flexible ribbon wound on itself according to several turns, the ribbon having a predefined stiffness, the spring -hairspring comprising means for adjusting its stiffness.
- the adjustment means comprise a single elongated flexible element arranged in series with the tape, the elongated flexible element connecting one end of said tape to a fixed support, so as to add additional stiffness to the tape, the adjustment means comprising prestressing means for applying at least two different forces to the elongated flexible element, the first force being supplied by a tensile/compressive force directed substantially in the longitudinal direction of the elongated flexible element, and the second effort being provided, either by a force directed in a direction substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the elongated flexible element, or by a torque, preferably a bending moment, so as to vary the stiffness of the elongated flexible element as a function of the prestress level.
- the invention it is possible to modify the stiffness of the elongated flexible element, such as a flexible blade. Indeed, when applying two forces such as those mentioned above, we manage to vary the stiffness of the elongated flexible element. Indeed, with a single force applied, whether a force or a torque, the stiffness of the elongated flexible element remains the same. With two perpendicular forces on the blade, longitudinally and orthogonally, an overall force is obtained, which varies the stiffness of the elongated flexible element. With a force and a couple, the stiffness is also modified. The combination of two efforts is essential to achieve this.
- the prestressing means By acting on the prestressing means, the level of intensity of the stress is modulated, which leads to a modification of the stiffness of the assembly comprising the flexible element and the tape. Indeed, the flexible element placed in series with the tape provides additional stiffness, which combines with that of the tape. Thus, when the prestressing means apply variable forces to the flexible element, they modify the stiffness of the flexible element and therefore of the assembly comprising the ribbon and the flexible element without modifying the stiffness of the ribbon, whatever the varying forces applied to the elongated flexible element.
- a flexible element of the tape is placed in series between one end of the tape and the fixed support.
- This flexible element modifies the stiffness of the attachment point and provides additional flexibility to the resonator.
- the effective stiffness of the resonator includes the stiffness of the ribbon and the stiffness of the flexible element.
- the variable forces are then applied to pre-stress the flexible element without pre-stressing the tape.
- pre-stressing the flexible element By pre-stressing the flexible element, its stiffness changes, while the stiffness of the tape remains substantially unchanged.
- the stiffness of the resonator changes, which consequently modifies the operation of the resonator.
- the prestressing means are configured to exert a third force on the elongated flexible element, the third force being supplied, respectively to the second force, either by a force directed substantially in a direction substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the elongated flexible element, or by a torque, preferably a bending moment.
- the longitudinal flexible element is a single flexible blade.
- the flexible element is arranged in a radial direction of the hairspring.
- the flexible element is arranged in a direction tangential to the hairspring.
- the prestressing means comprise a lever attached to the end of the tape.
- the lever is flexible.
- the lever is curved and at least partly surrounds the wound tape.
- the lever comprises a free end operable by a movement of said free end in order to apply said forces to the end.
- the prestressing means comprise two means for applying a force, each means for applying a force being provided with a spring connected to the end, to apply said longitudinal force or said orthogonal force on the end.
- the end of the tape comprises an appendix, the prestressing means and the elongated flexible element being joined to the appendix.
- the longitudinal and orthogonal forces, and possibly the torque are continuously adjustable by the prestressing means.
- the flexible element is arranged at an outer end of the tape.
- the end of the ribbon is more rigid than the elongated flexible element and the ribbon.
- the elongated flexible element is arranged at an outer end of the ribbon.
- the elongated flexible element comprises a flexible neck.
- the invention also relates to a rotary resonator mechanism, in particular for a watch movement, comprising an oscillating weight and such a hairspring.
- THE figures 1 and 2 each show a schematic representation of a different embodiment of a hairspring 1, 10, 20, in particular for a clockwork resonator mechanism.
- the hairspring extends substantially in the same plane.
- the spiral spring 1, 10, 20 comprises a flexible ribbon 2 wound on itself in several turns, the ribbon 2 having a predefined stiffness.
- the spiral spring 1, 10, 20 comprises means 5 for adjusting its stiffness.
- the adjustment means are in particular operable when the hairspring 1, 10, 20 is mounted on a plate of a clock movement, not shown in the figures.
- the adjustment means comprise a flexible element 5 extending longitudinally, which is arranged in series with the ribbon 2, the flexible element 5 connecting one end 4 of said ribbon 2 to a fixed support 11, 14.
- the tape 2 is connected to the fixed support 11, 14 only by this flexible element 5.
- the flexible element 5 is integral with one of the ends 4 of the ribbon 2.
- the embodiments described below comprise a flexible element 5 integral with the external end 4 of the ribbon 2.
- the internal end 9 of the ribbon 2 is intended to be assembled to a support 3 of an oscillating mass of the resonator 1.
- the flexible element 5 adds additional stiffness to that of the ribbon 2.
- the flexible element 5 preferably has a greater stiffness than that of the ribbon 2.
- the flexible element 5 is here arranged in the extension of the ribbon 2.
- the adjustment means 5 and the strip 2 are in one piece, or even formed from the same material.
- the end of the ribbon 2 is here bent perpendicularly to form an appendix 9, preferably substantially rigid, that is to say at least more rigid than the ribbon 2 and / or the elongated flexible element 5
- the longitudinal flexible element 5 is a single flexible blade 13, 15 connecting the appendix 9 to the fixed support 11, 14.
- the single flexible blade 13 is arranged in the extension of the appendage 9.
- the single flexible blade 13 is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the tape 2.
- the single flexible blade 13 is arranged in a radial direction, preferably passing through the center of the spiral spring 1, in the rest position of the spiral spring 1.
- the spiral spring 1 further comprises prestressing means 6 for applying to the flexible element 5 at least two different forces, a longitudinal tension-compression force F L , and an orthogonal force F T , which are variable.
- the longitudinal force F L is directed along the longitudinal direction of the flexible element 5, while the orthogonal force F T , is directed in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the flexible element 5, the two forces preferably belonging to the plane of the spiral spring 1, 10, 20.
- the prestressing means 6 are further configured to apply to the flexible element 5 a torque M, preferably a bending moment.
- the stiffness of the spiral spring 1, 10, 20 can be adjusted, in particular to improve the accuracy of the rate of the movement.
- the prestressing means 6 preferably allow the flexible element 5 to undergo a compressive or tensile force depending on the value of the forces. Thus, the stiffness of the flexible element 5 is varied.
- the longitudinal F L and orthogonal F T forces are continuously adjustable by the prestressing means 6.
- the forces F L and F T are not restricted to discrete values.
- the stiffness of the flexible element 5 can be adjusted with great precision.
- the prestressing means 6 comprise a lever 8 joined to the outer end 4 of the tape 2.
- the lever 8 is curved and surrounds a part of the rolled up tape 2.
- the lever 8 has the shape of a semicircle, or of an arc of a circle with an angle at the center close to 180°, joined to the appendage 9 of the end 4 of the ribbon 2.
- the lever 8 further comprises an end free 12 operable by movement of said free end 12, in order to apply said forces.
- Lever 8 is preferably flexible.
- Lever 8 is preferably arranged in the plane of hairspring 1.
- Such a lever 8 makes it possible to keep a spiral spring 1 with a reduced size, the dimensions being restricted to be able to be inserted into a clock movement.
- the means of prestressing 6 have a shape which matches the ribbon 2, so as to keep the dimensions small enough, because each part of the prestressing means 6 is close to the ribbon 2.
- the width of the hairspring 1 is slightly modified by the means prestressing.
- the hairspring 1 is sufficiently compact to be able to be easily inserted into a movement.
- the lever 8 and the longitudinal flexible element 5 are joined to the appendage 9 of the curved part of the end 4.
- the actuation of the lever 8 produces on the end 4 of the strip 2 the longitudinal force F L directed along the longitudinal axis of the longitudinal flexible element 5, as well as an orthogonal force F T directed along an orthogonal direction.
- the actuation of the lever 8 also produces a torque or a bending moment M on the single blade 5, represented by a curved arrow.
- the prestressing means 6 are configured to exert a force directed substantially in the longitudinal direction of the elongated flexible element 5.
- the prestressing means 6 are also configured to exert a force directed substantially in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the blade.
- the prestressing means 6 are further configured to exert a torque M, preferably a moment of force on the single flexible blade 13.
- the longitudinal F L and orthogonal F T forces and the torque M are varied by the movement of the free end 12 of the lever 8.
- the free end 12 is preferably rigid to facilitate its actuation.
- the stiffness of the flexible element 5 and therefore of the assembly comprising the flexible element 5 and the strip 2 is varied.
- the longitudinal flexible element 5 comprises a single flexible blade 15 arranged in the extension of the lever 8, tangentially to the ribbon 2 wound in the rest position of the spiral spring 1.
- the single flexible blade 15 is substantially perpendicular to the flexible blade single 13 of the first embodiment.
- the single flexible blade 15 joins the appendix 9 to a fixed support 14, which is arranged perpendicular to the fixed support of the first embodiment.
- the other characteristics of this embodiment are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment.
- the longitudinal F L and orthogonal F T forces are oriented in a direction perpendicular to that of the first embodiment.
- the effect produced by these forces and the torque M is the same concerning the variation of the stiffness of the flexible element.
- the characteristics are the same as those of the second embodiment of the picture 2 , except for the prestressing means 6.
- the lever is replaced by two means for applying a force each comprising a spring 17, 18 and a rigid body 19, 21, the two means for applying a force being arranged perpendicular to each other.
- the two springs 17, 18 are attached to the appendix 9 on the one hand, and to the rigid body 19, 21 on the other hand.
- a force application means is directed along the longitudinal axis of the single flexible blade 15, which is tangential to the wound tape 2.
- the second force application means is directed along an axis substantially perpendicular to the single flexible blade 15.
- the rigid bodies 19, 21 are preferably guided between fixed supports 22, 23.
- the springs 17, 18 are conventional springs, but they can be replaced by an arrangement of substantially parallel flexible blades, which act as a spring.
- FIG. 5 shows the single flexible blade 15, such as that of the second and third embodiments, which is actuated by the prestressing means, and for which a longitudinal force and an orthogonal force are obtained.
- the longitudinal force is directed along the longitudinal direction of the single flexible blade 15, while the orthogonal force is substantially perpendicular to this longitudinal direction. Both forces are applied at the end of the single flexible blade 15 and appendage 9.
- the prestressing means 6 do not exert any torque or bending moment on the end 4 of the tape 2, but only the longitudinal F L and orthogonal F T forces.
- the invention also relates to a timepiece movement comprising such a hairspring.
- the spiral spring is used in particular to actuate the movement of a pendulum.
- the flexible blades described in the different embodiments of the hairspring can be continuous flexible blades, as is generally the case in the figures, or blades with rigid sections and flexible necks connecting the sections.
- the single flexible blade can take orientations other than radial and orthogonal with respect to the spiral spring. So she can be oriented in any direction between the radial and orthogonal directions.
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Abstract
L'invention concerne un ressort-spiral, notamment pour un mécanisme résonateur d'horlogerie, le ressort-spiral (1) comprenant un ruban (2) flexible enroulé sur lui-même selon plusieurs spires, le ruban (2) ayant une raideur prédéfinie, le ressort-spiral (1, 10, 20) comportant des moyens d'ajustement de sa raideur, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'ajustement comportent un élément flexible allongé (5) unique agencé en série du ruban (2), l'élément flexible allongé (5) reliant une extrémité (4, 9) dudit ruban (2) à un support fixe (11), de manière à ajouter une raideur supplémentaire au ruban (2), l'élément flexible allongé (5) ayant de préférence une raideur supérieure à celle du ruban (2), les moyens d'ajustement comportant des moyens de précontrainte (6) pour appliquer au moins deux efforts différents sur l'élément flexible allongé (5), le premier effort étant fourni par une force de traction/compression dirigée sensiblement dans la direction longitudinale F<sub>L</sub> de l'élément flexible allongé (5), et le deuxième effort étant fourni, soit par une force dirigée sensiblement dans une direction sensiblement orthogonale F<sub>T</sub> à la direction longitudinale de l'élément flexible allongé (5), soit par un couple M, de préférence un moment de flexion, de manière à faire varier la raideur de l'élément flexible allongé (5).L'invention concerne aussi un mécanisme résonateur d'horlogerie comprenant un tel ressort-spiral (1).The invention relates to a balance-spring, in particular for a clock resonator mechanism, the balance-spring (1) comprising a flexible strip (2) wound on itself in several turns, the strip (2) having a predefined stiffness , the spiral spring (1, 10, 20) comprising means for adjusting its stiffness, characterized in that the adjustment means comprise a single elongated flexible element (5) arranged in series with the ribbon (2), the elongated flexible element (5) connecting one end (4, 9) of said strip (2) to a fixed support (11), so as to add additional stiffness to the strip (2), the elongated flexible element (5) having preferably a stiffness greater than that of the strip (2), the adjustment means comprising prestressing means (6) for applying at least two different forces to the elongated flexible element (5), the first force being supplied by a tensile/compressive force directed substantially in the longitudinal direction F<sub>L</sub> of the elongated flexible element (5), and the second force being supplied either by a force directed substantially in a direction substantially orthogonal F< sub>T</sub> to the longitudinal direction of the elongated flexible element (5), or by a torque M, preferably a bending moment, so as to vary the stiffness of the elongated flexible element (5) .The invention also relates to a clockwork resonator mechanism comprising such a hairspring (1).
Description
L'invention se rapporte à un ressort-spiral pour un mécanisme résonateur d'horlogerie, le ressort-spiral étant muni de moyens de réglages de la raideur dudit ressort-spiral. L'invention se rapporte également à un mécanisme résonateur d'horlogerie muni d'un tel ressort-spiral.The invention relates to a balance-spring for a clock resonator mechanism, the balance-spring being provided with means for adjusting the stiffness of said balance-spring. The invention also relates to a clockwork resonator mechanism provided with such a hairspring.
La plupart des montres mécaniques actuelles sont munies d'un balancier-spiral et d'un mécanisme d'échappement à ancre suisse. Le balancier-spiral constitue la base de temps de la montre. On l'appelle aussi résonateur.Most current mechanical watches are equipped with a balance-spring and a Swiss lever escapement mechanism. The balance-spring constitutes the time base of the watch. It is also called resonator.
L'échappement, quant à lui, remplit deux fonctions principales:
- entretenir les va-et-vient du résonateur ;
- compter ces va-et-vient.
- maintaining the back and forth movements of the resonator;
- count these comings and goings.
Pour constituer un résonateur mécanique, il faut un élément inertiel, un guidage et un élément de rappel élastique. Traditionnellement, un ressort spiral joue le rôle d'élément de rappel élastique pour l'élément inertiel que constitue un balancier. Ce balancier est guidé en rotation par des pivots qui tournent dans des paliers lisses en rubis.To constitute a mechanical resonator, an inertial element, a guide and an elastic return element are required. Traditionally, a spiral spring acts as an elastic return element for the inertial element that constitutes a balance. This balance wheel is guided in rotation by pivots which rotate in smooth ruby bearings.
Le ressort-spiral de balancier doit généralement pouvoir être réglé pour améliorer la précision d'une montre. A cette fin, on utilise des moyens d'ajustement de la raideur du ressort-spiral, telle une raquette pour modifier la longueur effective du ressort. Ainsi, on modifie sa raideur pour ajuster la précision de marche de la montre. Toutefois, l'efficacité d'une raquette traditionnelle pour ajuster la marche reste limitée, et elle n'est pas toujours efficace pour rendre le réglage suffisamment précis, de l'ordre de quelques secondes ou quelques dizaines de secondes par jour.The balance spring must generally be able to be adjusted to improve the precision of a watch. To this end, means for adjusting the stiffness of the hairspring, such as a racket, are used to modify the effective length of the spring. Thus, its stiffness is modified to adjust the running precision of the watch. However, the effectiveness of a traditional snowshoe in adjusting the gait remains limited, and it is not always effective in making the adjustment sufficiently precise, of the order of a few seconds or a few tens of seconds per day.
Pour un ajustement de la marche plus fin, il existe des moyens de réglage comprenant une ou plusieurs vis, agencées dans la serge du balancier. En agissant sur les vis, on modifie l'inertie du balancier, qui a comme effet de modifier sa marche.For finer adjustment of the rate, there are adjustment means comprising one or more screws, arranged in the rim of the balance. By acting on the screws, the inertia of the balance wheel is modified, which has the effect of modifying its rate.
Cependant, ce mode de réglage n'est pas facile à effectuer, et ne permet quand même pas d'obtenir une finesse du réglage suffisante de la marche de l'oscillateur.However, this mode of adjustment is not easy to perform, and still does not make it possible to obtain sufficient fineness of adjustment of the rate of the oscillator.
Le but de la présente invention est de pallier tout ou partie des inconvénients cités précédemment, en proposant un ressort spiral muni de moyens d'ajustement efficaces et précis, configurés en particulier pour régler la marche d'une pièce d'horlogerie en modifiant la raideur effective dudit spiral.The object of the present invention is to overcome all or part of the drawbacks mentioned above, by proposing a spiral spring provided with effective and precise adjustment means, configured in particular to adjust the rate of a timepiece by modifying the stiffness effective of said hairspring.
A cet effet, l'invention se rapporte à un ressort-spiral, notamment pour un mécanisme résonateur d'horlogerie, le ressort-spiral comprenant un ruban flexible enroulé sur lui-même selon plusieurs spires, le ruban ayant une raideur prédéfinie, le ressort-spiral comportant des moyens d'ajustement de sa raideur.To this end, the invention relates to a balance-spring, in particular for a clock resonator mechanism, the balance-spring comprising a flexible ribbon wound on itself according to several turns, the ribbon having a predefined stiffness, the spring -hairspring comprising means for adjusting its stiffness.
L'invention est remarquable en ce que les moyens d'ajustement comportent un élément flexible allongé unique agencé en série du ruban, l'élément flexible allongé reliant une extrémité dudit ruban à un support fixe, de manière à ajouter une raideur supplémentaire au ruban, les moyens d'ajustement comportant des moyens de précontrainte pour appliquer au moins deux efforts différents sur l'élément flexible allongé, le premier effort étant fourni par une force de traction/compression dirigée sensiblement dans la direction longitudinale de l'élément flexible allongé, et le deuxième effort étant fourni, soit par une force dirigée dans une direction sensiblement orthogonale à la direction longitudinale de l'élément flexible allongé, soit par un couple, de préférence un moment de flexion, de manière à faire varier la raideur de l'élément flexible allongé en fonction du niveau de précontrainte.The invention is remarkable in that the adjustment means comprise a single elongated flexible element arranged in series with the tape, the elongated flexible element connecting one end of said tape to a fixed support, so as to add additional stiffness to the tape, the adjustment means comprising prestressing means for applying at least two different forces to the elongated flexible element, the first force being supplied by a tensile/compressive force directed substantially in the longitudinal direction of the elongated flexible element, and the second effort being provided, either by a force directed in a direction substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the elongated flexible element, or by a torque, preferably a bending moment, so as to vary the stiffness of the elongated flexible element as a function of the prestress level.
Grâce à l'invention, on peut modifier la raideur de l'élément flexible allongé, telle une lame flexible. En effet, lorsqu'on applique deux efforts tels que ceux mentionnés précédemment, on arrive à faire varier la raideur de l'élément flexible allongé. En effet, avec un seul effort appliqué, que cela soit une force ou un couple, la raideur de l'élément flexible allongé reste la même. Avec deux forces perpendiculaires sur la lame, longitudinalement et orthogonalement, on obtient une force globale, qui fait varier la raideur de l'élément flexible allongé. Avec une force et un couple, on modifie la raideur également. La combinaison de deux efforts étant primordiale pour y parvenir.Thanks to the invention, it is possible to modify the stiffness of the elongated flexible element, such as a flexible blade. Indeed, when applying two forces such as those mentioned above, we manage to vary the stiffness of the elongated flexible element. Indeed, with a single force applied, whether a force or a torque, the stiffness of the elongated flexible element remains the same. With two perpendicular forces on the blade, longitudinally and orthogonally, an overall force is obtained, which varies the stiffness of the elongated flexible element. With a force and a couple, the stiffness is also modified. The combination of two efforts is essential to achieve this.
En agissant sur les moyens de précontrainte, on module le niveau d'intensité de la sollicitation, ce qui entraîne une modification de la raideur de l'ensemble comprenant l'élément flexible et le ruban. En effet, l'élément flexible mis en série avec le ruban apporte une raideur supplémentaire, qui se combine à celle du ruban. Ainsi, lorsque les moyens de précontrainte appliquent des efforts variables sur l'élément flexible, ils modifient la raideur de l'élément flexible et donc de l'ensemble comprenant le ruban et l'élément flexible sans modifier la raideur du ruban, quelles que soient les forces variables appliquées sur l'élément flexible allongé.By acting on the prestressing means, the level of intensity of the stress is modulated, which leads to a modification of the stiffness of the assembly comprising the flexible element and the tape. Indeed, the flexible element placed in series with the tape provides additional stiffness, which combines with that of the tape. Thus, when the prestressing means apply variable forces to the flexible element, they modify the stiffness of the flexible element and therefore of the assembly comprising the ribbon and the flexible element without modifying the stiffness of the ribbon, whatever the varying forces applied to the elongated flexible element.
Autrement dit, on place un élément flexible en série du ruban entre une extrémité du ruban et le support fixe. Cet élément flexible modifie la raideur du point d'attache et apporte une flexibilité supplémentaire au résonateur. Ainsi, la raideur effective du résonateur comprend la raideur du ruban et la raideur de l'élément flexible. On applique alors les efforts variables pour pré-contraindre l'élément flexible sans pré-contraindre le ruban. En pré-contraignant l'élément flexible, sa raideur change, tandis que la raideur du ruban reste sensiblement inchangée. En changeant la raideur de l'élément flexible, la raideur du résonateur (raideur du ruban et raideur de l'élément flexible change, ce qui modifie par conséquent la marche du résonateur.In other words, a flexible element of the tape is placed in series between one end of the tape and the fixed support. This flexible element modifies the stiffness of the attachment point and provides additional flexibility to the resonator. Thus, the effective stiffness of the resonator includes the stiffness of the ribbon and the stiffness of the flexible element. The variable forces are then applied to pre-stress the flexible element without pre-stressing the tape. By pre-stressing the flexible element, its stiffness changes, while the stiffness of the tape remains substantially unchanged. By changing the stiffness of the element flexible, the stiffness of the resonator (stiffness of the ribbon and stiffness of the flexible element changes, which consequently modifies the operation of the resonator.
Par conséquent, une modification de la rigidité de l'élément flexible modifie la rigidité de l'ensemble du résonateur, et par conséquent règle sa marche de manière fine, ce qui permet d'ajuster précisément la fréquence de notre base de temps. On obtient ainsi une grande précision dans le réglage de la marche, car on agit sur un seul élément pour ajuster la rigidité.Consequently, a modification of the rigidity of the flexible element modifies the rigidity of the whole of the resonator, and consequently regulates its course in a fine way, which makes it possible to precisely adjust the frequency of our time base. Great precision is thus obtained in the adjustment of the rate, because it acts on a single element to adjust the rigidity.
Selon une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention, les moyens de précontrainte sont configurés pour exercer un troisième effort sur l'élément flexible allongé, le troisième effort étant fourni, respectivement au deuxième effort, soit par une force dirigée sensiblement dans une direction sensiblement orthogonale à la direction longitudinale de l'élément flexible allongé, soit par un couple, de préférence un moment de flexion.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the prestressing means are configured to exert a third force on the elongated flexible element, the third force being supplied, respectively to the second force, either by a force directed substantially in a direction substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the elongated flexible element, or by a torque, preferably a bending moment.
Selon une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention, l'élément flexible longitudinal est une lame flexible unique.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the longitudinal flexible element is a single flexible blade.
Selon une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention, l'élément flexible est agencé dans un direction radiale du ressort-spiral.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the flexible element is arranged in a radial direction of the hairspring.
Selon une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention, l'élément flexible est agencé dans une direction tangentielle au ressort-spiral.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the flexible element is arranged in a direction tangential to the hairspring.
Selon une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention, les moyens de précontrainte comportent un levier joint à l'extrémité du ruban.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the prestressing means comprise a lever attached to the end of the tape.
Selon une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention, le levier est flexible.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the lever is flexible.
Selon une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention, le levier est courbe et entoure au moins en partie le ruban enroulé.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the lever is curved and at least partly surrounds the wound tape.
Selon une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention, le levier comprend une extrémité libre actionnable par un déplacement de ladite extrémité libre afin d'appliquer lesdits efforts sur l'extrémité.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the lever comprises a free end operable by a movement of said free end in order to apply said forces to the end.
Selon une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention, les moyens de précontrainte comportent deux moyens d'application d'une force, chaque moyen d'application d'une force étant muni d'un ressort relié à l'extrémité, pour appliquer ladite force longitudinale ou ladite force orthogonale sur l'extrémité.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the prestressing means comprise two means for applying a force, each means for applying a force being provided with a spring connected to the end, to apply said longitudinal force or said orthogonal force on the end.
Selon une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention, l'extrémité du ruban comprend un appendice, les moyens de précontrainte et l'élément flexible allongé étant joints à l'appendice.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the end of the tape comprises an appendix, the prestressing means and the elongated flexible element being joined to the appendix.
Selon une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention, les forces longitudinale et orthogonale, et éventuellement le couple, sont ajustables de manière continue par les moyens de précontrainte.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the longitudinal and orthogonal forces, and possibly the torque, are continuously adjustable by the prestressing means.
Selon une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention, l'élément flexible est agencé à une extrémité externe du ruban.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the flexible element is arranged at an outer end of the tape.
Selon une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention, l'extrémité du ruban est plus rigide que l'élément flexible allongé et le ruban.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the end of the ribbon is more rigid than the elongated flexible element and the ribbon.
Selon une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention, l'élément flexible allongé est agencé à une extrémité externe du ruban.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the elongated flexible element is arranged at an outer end of the ribbon.
Selon une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention, l'élément flexible allongé comprend un col flexible.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the elongated flexible element comprises a flexible neck.
L'invention se rapporte également à un mécanisme résonateur rotatif, notamment pour un mouvement horloger, comportant une masse oscillante et un tel ressort-spiral.The invention also relates to a rotary resonator mechanism, in particular for a watch movement, comprising an oscillating weight and such a hairspring.
Les buts, avantages et caractéristiques de la présente invention apparaîtront à la lecture de plusieurs formes de réalisation données uniquement à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :
- la
figure 1 représente schématiquement une vue de dessus d'un ressort-spiral selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, - la
figure 2 représente schématiquement une vue de dessus d'un ressort-spiral selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention, - la
figure 3 représente schématiquement une vue de dessus agrandie de l'appendice et des efforts appliquées sur l'appendice selon le premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, - la
figure 4 représente schématiquement une vue de dessus d'un ressort-spiral selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention, et - la
figure 5 représente schématiquement une vue de dessus d'un élément flexible allongé selon le deuxième et le troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention.
- there
figure 1 schematically represents a top view of a hairspring according to a first embodiment of the invention, - there
figure 2 schematically represents a top view of a hairspring according to a second embodiment of the invention, - there
picture 3 schematically represents an enlarged top view of the appendix and the forces applied to the appendix according to the first embodiment of the invention, - there
figure 4 schematically represents a top view of a hairspring according to a third embodiment of the invention, and - there
figure 5 schematically represents a top view of an elongated flexible element according to the second and the third embodiment of the invention.
Les
Selon l'invention, les moyens d'ajustement comportent un élément flexible 5 s'étendant longitudinalement, qui est agencé en série du ruban 2, l'élément flexible 5 reliant une extrémité 4 dudit ruban 2 à un support fixe 11, 14. Autrement dit, le ruban 2 est relié au support fixe 11, 14 uniquement par cet élément flexible 5.According to the invention, the adjustment means comprise a
L'élément flexible 5 est solidaire d'une des extrémités 4 du ruban 2. Les modes de réalisation décrits ci-dessous comprennent un élément flexible 5 solidaire de l'extrémité externe 4 du ruban 2. L'extrémité interne 9 du ruban 2 est destinée à être assemblée à un support 3 d'une masse oscillante du résonateur 1.The
L'élément flexible 5 ajoute une raideur supplémentaire à celle du ruban 2. L'élément flexible 5 a de préférence une raideur supérieure à celle du ruban 2. L'élément flexible 5 est ici agencé dans le prolongement du ruban 2. De préférence, les moyens d'ajustement 5 et le ruban 2 sont monoblocs, voire formés d'une même matière.The
En outre, l'extrémité du ruban 2 est ici recourbée perpendiculairement pour former un appendice 9, de préférence sensiblement rigide, c'est-à-dire au moins plus rigide que le ruban 2 et/ou l'élément flexible allongé 5In addition, the end of the
De préférence, l'élément flexible 5 longitudinal est une lame flexible 13, 15 unique reliant l'appendice 9 au support fixe 11, 14.Preferably, the longitudinal
Dans le premier mode de réalisation, la lame flexible 13 unique est agencée dans le prolongement de l'appendice 9. La lame flexible 13 unique est disposée dans une direction perpendiculaire au ruban 2.In the first embodiment, the single
Ainsi, la lame flexible 13 unique est agencée selon une direction radiale, de préférence passant par le centre du ressort spiral 1, en position de repos du ressort-spiral 1.Thus, the single
Le ressort-spiral 1 comporte en outre des moyens de précontrainte 6 pour appliquer sur l'élément flexible 5 au moins deux efforts différents, une force longitudinale FL de traction-compression, et une force orthogonale FT , qui sont variables. La force longitudinale FL est dirigée selon la direction longitudinale de l'élément flexible 5, tandis que la force orthogonale FT , est dirigée selon une direction perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale de l'élément flexible 5, les deux forces appartenant de préférence au plan du ressort-spiral 1, 10, 20. Les moyens de précontrainte 6 sont en outre configurés pour appliquer sur l'élément flexible 5 un couple M, de préférence un moment de flexion.The spiral spring 1 further comprises prestressing means 6 for applying to the
Ainsi, on peut ajuster la raideur du ressort spiral 1, 10, 20, notamment pour améliorer la précision de la marche du mouvement.Thus, the stiffness of the
Les moyens de précontrainte 6 permettent, de préférence, à l'élément flexible 5 de subir un effort de compression ou de traction selon la valeur des forces. Ainsi, on fait varier la raideur de l'élément flexible 5.The prestressing means 6 preferably allow the
On agit seulement sur l'élément flexible 5 pour modifier sa raideur sans agir directement sur le ruban 2. On obtient ainsi encore davantage de précision car un seul élément sert à l'ajustement de la rigidité. Pendant les oscillations, l'extrémité 4 du ruban 2 peut être mobile.Only the
De plus, les forces longitudinale FL et orthogonale FT sont ajustables de manière continue par les moyens de précontrainte 6. Autrement dit, les forces FL et FT ne sont pas restreintes à des valeurs discrètes. Ainsi, on peut ajuster la raideur de l'élément flexible 5 avec une grande précision.In addition, the longitudinal F L and orthogonal F T forces are continuously adjustable by the prestressing means 6. In other words, the forces F L and F T are not restricted to discrete values. Thus, the stiffness of the
Dans ce mode de réalisation, les moyens de précontrainte 6 comportent un levier 8 joint à l'extrémité externe 4 du ruban 2. Le levier 8 est courbe et entoure une partie du ruban 2 enroulé. Le levier 8 a une forme de demi-cercle, ou d'arc de cercle d'angle au centre voisin de 180°, joint à l'appendice 9 de l'extrémité 4 du ruban 2. Le levier 8 comprend en outre une extrémité libre 12 actionnable par un déplacement de ladite extrémité libre 12, afin d'appliquer lesdits efforts. Le levier 8 est de préférence flexible. Le levier 8 est de préférence agencé dans le plan du ressort-spiral 1.In this embodiment, the prestressing means 6 comprise a
Un tel levier 8 permet de garder un ressort-spiral 1 avec un encombrement réduit, les dimensions étant restreintes pour pouvoir être inséré dans un mouvement d'horlogerie. En effet, les moyens de précontrainte 6 ont une forme qui s'accorde avec le ruban 2, de manière à garder des dimensions suffisamment petites, car chaque partie des moyens de précontrainte 6 est proche du ruban 2. La largeur du ressort-spiral 1 est peu modifiée par les moyens de précontrainte. Ainsi, le ressort-spiral 1 est suffisamment compact pour pouvoir être inséré facilement dans un mouvement.Such a
Le levier 8 et l'élément flexible 5 longitudinal sont joints à l'appendice 9 de la partie recourbée de l'extrémité 4.The
Comme le montre la
Ainsi, les moyens de précontrainte 6 sont configurés pour exercer une force dirigée sensiblement dans la direction longitudinale de l'élément flexible allongé 5. Les moyens de précontrainte 6 sont également configurés pour exercer une force dirigée sensiblement dans une direction orthogonale à la direction longitudinale de la lame. Les moyens de précontrainte 6 sont encore configurés pour exercer un couple M, de préférence un moment de force sur la lame flexible unique 13. Ainsi, on modifie la raideur de la lame unique 13, et donc de l'ensemble comprenant le ruban 2 et la lame flexible unique 13.Thus, the prestressing means 6 are configured to exert a force directed substantially in the longitudinal direction of the elongated
On fait varier les forces longitudinale FL et orthogonale FT et le couple M par le déplacement de l'extrémité libre 12 du levier 8. L'extrémité libre 12 est de préférence rigide pour faciliter son actionnement. Ainsi, on fait varier la raideur de l'élément flexible 5 et donc de l'ensemble comprenant l'élément flexible 5 et le ruban 2.The longitudinal F L and orthogonal F T forces and the torque M are varied by the movement of the
Dans le deuxième mode de réalisation de la
Les autres caractéristiques de ce mode de réalisation sont sensiblement les mêmes que celles du premier mode de réalisation. Les forces longitudinale FL et orthogonale FT sont orientés dans une direction perpendiculaire à celle du premier mode de réalisation. Cependant, l'effet produit par ces forces et le couple M est le même concernant la variation de la raideur de l'élément flexible.The other characteristics of this embodiment are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment. The longitudinal F L and orthogonal F T forces are oriented in a direction perpendicular to that of the first embodiment. However, the effect produced by these forces and the torque M is the same concerning the variation of the stiffness of the flexible element.
Dans le mode de réalisation de la
En déplaçant les corps rigides 19, 21, on applique une force longitudinale FL variable et une force orthogonale FT variable sur l'appendice 9, selon chaque direction de déplacement de chaque corps rigide 19, 21. Ainsi, on modifie la raideur de la lame flexible unique 15 de manière similaire au deuxième mode de réalisation. En déplaçant les corps rigide 19, 21, on modifie la valeur de la force exercée sur la lame flexible unique 15.By moving the
Sur les figures, les ressorts 17, 18 sont des ressorts classiques, mais ils peuvent être remplacés par un agencement de lames flexibles sensiblement parallèles, qui font office de ressort.In the figures, the
La
Dans ce mode de réalisation, les moyens de précontrainte 6 n'exercent pas de couple ou de moment de flexion sur l'extrémité 4 du ruban 2, mais seulement les forces longitudinale FL et orthogonale FT. In this embodiment, the prestressing means 6 do not exert any torque or bending moment on the
L'invention se rapporte également à un mouvement d'horlogerie comprenant un tel ressort-spiral. Le ressort spiral est notamment utilisé pour actionner le mouvement d'un balancier.The invention also relates to a timepiece movement comprising such a hairspring. The spiral spring is used in particular to actuate the movement of a pendulum.
Naturellement, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits en référence aux figures et des variantes pourraient être envisagées sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.Naturally, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described with reference to the figures and variants could be envisaged without departing from the scope of the invention.
Concernant l'élément longitudinal, les lames flexibles décrites dans les différents modes de réalisation du ressort-spiral, peuvent être des lames flexibles continues, comme cela est généralement le cas dans les figures, ou bien des lames avec des tronçons rigides et des cols flexibles reliant les tronçons.Regarding the longitudinal element, the flexible blades described in the different embodiments of the hairspring, can be continuous flexible blades, as is generally the case in the figures, or blades with rigid sections and flexible necks connecting the sections.
En outre, la lame flexible unique peut prendre des orientations autres que radiale et orthogonale par rapport au ressort-spiral. Ainsi, elle peut être orientée selon n'importe qu'elle direction comprise entre les directions radiale et orthogonale.In addition, the single flexible blade can take orientations other than radial and orthogonal with respect to the spiral spring. So she can be oriented in any direction between the radial and orthogonal directions.
Claims (15)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP21211101.7A EP4187326A1 (en) | 2021-11-29 | 2021-11-29 | Hairspring for timepiece resonator mechanism provided with a means for adjusting stiffness |
JP2022185412A JP2023080029A (en) | 2021-11-29 | 2022-11-21 | Balance spring for timepiece resonator mechanism provided with means for adjusting stiffness |
US18/070,111 US20230168629A1 (en) | 2021-11-29 | 2022-11-28 | Balance-spring for timepiece resonator mechanism provided with means for adjusting the stiffness |
CN202211508437.7A CN116184800A (en) | 2021-11-29 | 2022-11-29 | Balance spring for timepiece resonator mechanism provided with means for adjusting the stiffness |
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EP21211101.7A EP4187326A1 (en) | 2021-11-29 | 2021-11-29 | Hairspring for timepiece resonator mechanism provided with a means for adjusting stiffness |
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EP4187326A1 true EP4187326A1 (en) | 2023-05-31 |
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EP21211101.7A Pending EP4187326A1 (en) | 2021-11-29 | 2021-11-29 | Hairspring for timepiece resonator mechanism provided with a means for adjusting stiffness |
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US (1) | US20230168629A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP4187326A1 (en) |
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Cited By (2)
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WO2024141601A1 (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2024-07-04 | Rolex Sa | Regulating system for a timepiece movement |
WO2024141600A1 (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2024-07-04 | Csem | Regulating system for a timepiece movement |
Citations (2)
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EP2908188B1 (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2018-06-27 | The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. | Adjustment of a clock piece resonator by changing the rigidity of a resilient return means |
EP2781967B1 (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2018-07-04 | Nivarox-FAR S.A. | Timepiece hairspring |
Family Cites Families (6)
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CH700260B1 (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2015-01-15 | Cartier Création Studio Sa | Spiral balance without setting item. |
CH706002A2 (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2013-07-15 | Montres Breguet Sa | Hair spring for use in resonator of mechanical watch, has spiral springs comprising counterweights to compensate for unbalance formed by weight of fastener and personalize slope of anisochronism of hair spring |
JP6025203B2 (en) * | 2013-02-25 | 2016-11-16 | セイコーインスツル株式会社 | Temperature-compensated balance, movement for watch, mechanical watch, and method for manufacturing temperature-compensated balance |
EP2781965B1 (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2017-11-15 | Nivarox-FAR S.A. | Frame for a clockwork |
US10474104B2 (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2019-11-12 | Eta Sa Manufacture Horlogere Suisse | Resonator with fine adjustment via an index-assembly |
EP3812843A1 (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2021-04-28 | ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse | Flexible guide and set of stacked flexible guides for rotary resonator mechanism, in particular for a clock movement |
-
2021
- 2021-11-29 EP EP21211101.7A patent/EP4187326A1/en active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-11-21 JP JP2022185412A patent/JP2023080029A/en active Pending
- 2022-11-28 US US18/070,111 patent/US20230168629A1/en active Pending
- 2022-11-29 CN CN202211508437.7A patent/CN116184800A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2781967B1 (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2018-07-04 | Nivarox-FAR S.A. | Timepiece hairspring |
EP2908188B1 (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2018-06-27 | The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. | Adjustment of a clock piece resonator by changing the rigidity of a resilient return means |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2024141601A1 (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2024-07-04 | Rolex Sa | Regulating system for a timepiece movement |
WO2024141600A1 (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2024-07-04 | Csem | Regulating system for a timepiece movement |
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JP2023080029A (en) | 2023-06-08 |
US20230168629A1 (en) | 2023-06-01 |
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