EP3665349B1 - Door lock - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a door lock with a locking element for locking the door in a closed state and a fastening element for fastening the locking element to the door. The invention also relates to a corresponding door and a method for fastening a locking element to a door.

Doors of this type mostly have locking elements which serve to lock the door in a closed position so that it can no longer be opened. To lock the door, the locking elements usually interact with a fixed frame of the door in a form-fitting manner. For example, locking elements are known which can hook into a door frame or undercut it, as is also the case, for example, with sash locks is. In order to open a closed and locked door again, the locking element must first be transferred from its locking position to an unlocking position in which the locking element no longer interacts with the frame of the door and the door can thus be opened.

In order to fasten a locking element to a door, the door generally has an opening through which the locking element can be inserted. On the outside of the door, for example, a handle or an interface for interacting with a key or a tool can then be arranged in order to transfer the locking element from the locking position to the unlocking position or vice versa. On the inside of the door, the locking element can have a hook, a sash fastener or a locking bar, for example, depending on the requirements.

To fasten the locking element to the door, it is known to use a fastening element on the inside of the door which is not accessible and not visible from the outside. Such a fastening element serves to create a connection between the door and the locking element, so that the door cannot be opened when the locking element is in the locked position.

Due to the fact that the locking elements described have to reach through the door, the construction of corresponding door locks is disadvantageously dependent on different door thicknesses or different door locks can only be used for a limited range of different door thicknesses. For example, if the door is too thick, the fastening element may cause damage or unsightly scratches on the inside of the door or, in the worst case, the door lock cannot even be attached to the door Door to be mounted. If, on the other hand, the door is too thin, it may happen that the locking element cannot be securely fastened to the door, which is why reliable locking of the door is then endangered. Such a door lock is for example from US6223572B1 or WO2013 / 182278A1 known. Against this background, the invention has the object of specifying a door lock that can be used variably and quickly.

In the case of a door lock of the type mentioned at the outset, this object is achieved by the features of claim 1.

Thanks to the adjustable compensation device, one and the same door lock can be used for doors of different thicknesses. It is not necessary to adapt the locking element and / or the fastening element in advance to the thickness of the door or to select a specific locking element and / or fastening element as a function of the thickness of the door. The locking element can be attached variably to doors of different thicknesses. There is no risk of damage to the door or the risk that the locking element cannot be securely attached to the door.

From a structural point of view, it has been found to be advantageous if the fastening element is part of a bayonet fastening. With a bayonet attachment, a simple and quick assembly can be realized, for which no additional tools are required. Furthermore, a bayonet attachment also enables a very simple and quick dismantling. It is possible that the fastening element is designed as a bayonet ring. The bayonet ring can be connected to a second part of a bayonet attachment by rotating it. The locking element can also be part of a bayonet fastening, so that the locking element and the fastening element interact in the manner of a bayonet fastening can. It is possible that the two elements can be connected to one another or separated again from one another in a simple manner by rotating them relative to one another.

In the fastening position, that is to say when it is fastening the locking element to the door, the fastening element can rest on one side of the door, in particular the inside. For this purpose, the fastening element can have a support area for resting on the door. The fastening element can be connectable to the inside of the door. The fastening element is preferably frictionally connected to the door in the fastening position.

In order to connect the fastening element to the door, it has been found to be advantageous if the fastening element can be pressed onto the door via the compensating device. Such a pressing can create a frictional connection between the fastening element and the door. Furthermore, such a connection offers the advantage that it is particularly suitable for quick assembly or quick disassembly. The compensation device can be designed in such a way that the fastening element can be pressed or is pressed onto the door via the compensation device.

With regard to the contact pressure of the fastening element on the door, it has proven to be advantageous if the contact pressure can be adjusted via the compensating device. By adjusting the contact pressure, damage to the door can be avoided. Furthermore, too loose a connection between the connecting element and the door can also be avoided.

In an advantageous embodiment, the contact pressure can be adjusted by rotating the fastening element relative to the locking element be. The contact pressure can be adjusted in a simple manner by means of a rotary movement and the door lock can be attached to the door. With regard to the locking element, it has proven to be advantageous if it has a support area, for example in the form of a rosette, in the area of the outside of the door. This support area can fix the locking element in a direction opposite the door. The locking element can only be pushed through the door up to a fixed point. The fastening element can stretch the locking element onto the door. The support area can be pressed against the door from the outside and the fastening element can be pressed onto the door from the inside. A frictional connection can arise between the locking element and the door and between the fastening element and the door.

Furthermore, it has been found to be advantageous if the locking element moves in the axial direction when the fastening element is rotated relative to the fastening element. When the fastening element is rotated, the locking element can move relative to the door and the fastening element can move relative to the locking element. The movement of the elements during assembly can be the cause of the contact pressure acting in the fastening position. In this way, the contact pressure can be adjusted as a function of the movement of the elements relative to one another.

With regard to the arrangement of the locking element and the fastening element, it has proven to be advantageous if the locking element is guided axially in the fastening element. An axial guide enables easy assembly. The fastening element can thus be pushed over the locking element, for example. The fastening element can be of an annular shape and an annular one Have base body. The locking element can be arranged concentrically to the fastening element.

According to a structural embodiment, it is proposed that the locking element has a bearing element and that the fastening element interacts with the bearing element. The bearing element can extend through the door and be coupled to the support area on the outside of the door. The bearing element can be designed, for example, as a bearing bush, as a plain bearing or as a roller bearing. A shaft can be rotatably mounted in the bearing element. To actuate the locking element, the shaft can be connected to an actuating element, in particular a handle, a pawl, a pivot lever or the like. The actuating element can be arranged on the outside of the door.

Furthermore, in an advantageous development, the locking element can have a locking tongue. The locking tongue can be rotatable to and fro about a locking axis of rotation between a locking position and an unlocking position, wherein the door can be locked in the locking position and cannot be moved, in particular cannot be opened. The locking tongue can be rotatable with respect to the bearing element and can be connected to the shaft rotatably mounted in the bearing element, so that the locking tongue can be actuated via the actuating element. In the locked position, the locking tongue can interact with the frame of the door so that the door is locked and cannot be opened. It is advantageous if the locking tongue is designed as a sash. However, configurations are also possible in which the locking tongue is designed as a locking rod, locking hook or the like.

Furthermore, it has been found to be advantageous from a structural point of view if the locking element for at least one latching element Has cooperation with the fastening element. The latching element can interact with the fastening element in the manner of a bayonet connection. The latching element can be arranged on the bearing element, so that a rotational movement of the bearing element with respect to the fastening element is prevented in the fastening position. The latching element can be positively connected to the fastening element in the fastening position. The locking element can be guided in or on the fastening element. Furthermore, it is also possible for several locking elements, in particular two locking elements, to be provided.

From a structural point of view, it has been found to be advantageous if the latching element is designed as a radial projection. The latching element can extend in the radial direction in the manner of a latching lug and thus interact with the fastening element in a structurally simple manner.

The fastening element can be designed in such a way that it presses the latching element and the door apart. In this way, the support area and the fastening element are pressed against the door in the fastening position. A frictional connection is created. The fastening element can be arranged in the manner of a clamp between the latching element and the door and press the two elements apart in such a way that the desired contact pressure is exerted on the door.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the fastening element can be moved back and forth with respect to the locking element between an assembly position and a fastening point, it being possible for the contact pressure to be fixed in the fastening position. In the assembly position, the elements can be arranged relative to one another without force, and the contact pressure can then be continuously increased by rotating the fastening element, so that the door lock is securely connected to the door can be. The desired contact pressure can be achieved in the fastening position, so that the door lock is securely connected to the door.

According to the invention, the compensation device has at least one ramp section which interacts with the latching element of the locking element when the fastening element is rotated from the assembly position into the latching position. When the fastening element is rotated, the latching element can be moved axially away from the door by the ramp section, so that the contact pressure increases. The latching element can slide on the ramp section when the fastening element is rotated. The degree of the slope of the ramp section is the cause of the translation between the rotary movement of the fastening element and the change in the contact pressure on the door. The ramp section can extend in the direction of a circular arc. Furthermore, several ramp sections can also be provided. It is advantageous if the number of ramp sections corresponds to the number of locking elements. It when two locking elements and two ramp sections are provided on opposite sides is particularly advantageous.

It has also been found to be advantageous if the locking element has at least one recess which can be brought into alignment with the latching element. In the assembly position, the recess can be aligned with the latching element so that the fastening element can be pushed over the locking element or the bearing element. If the fastening element is then rotated, the locking elements slide along the ramp sections and the contact pressure can be adjusted. The recesses and the ramp sections can be arranged next to one another in the direction of a circle. The recess can be part of the Be bayonet lock. The number, size and arrangement of the recesses can be adapted to the locking elements.

Furthermore, it has been found to be advantageous if the compensating device has a latching section for fixing the fastening element with respect to the bearing element. The latching section can extend above or below the ramp section and, for example, start from the recess. The latching section can be designed as a latching tab.

With regard to the latching section, it has been found to be advantageous if it has several latching steps. A specific contact pressure can be assigned to each locking step. The latching section can have a plurality of teeth which can interact with the latching element. The teeth can define different locking levels. The latching section and the latching element can interact positively, for example in the manner of a ratchet. The rotation of the fastening element can be prevented in one direction by the interaction of the locking element and the locking section. During assembly, the fastener can only be rotated in one direction. The latching element can have teeth corresponding to the teeth of the latching section. By rotating the fastening element, one locking step after the other can be passed through and the contact pressure can be increased successively until the desired contact pressure is reached. Turning back is no longer possible due to a form-fitting connection of the teeth. In this position, the fastening position is reached and the door lock is securely connected to the door.

With regard to the design of the teeth, it has proven to be advantageous if they are designed in the manner of saw teeth. This enables self-locking, so that the fastening element is only in one Direction can be rotated and thereby different locking levels are run through. The teeth can have a sawtooth-like cross section and, due to the interaction of the steeper sawtooth flanks, prevent movement of the fastening element in one direction.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the latching section is prestressed in the radial direction in such a way that the teeth can independently engage in the corresponding latching areas of the locking element. This can lead to reliable self-locking, so that the fastening element can only be rotated in one direction and a rotation in the opposite direction is prevented by the interaction of the latching section with the latching areas. The latching section can be pretensioned in the direction of the central axis of the actuating element.

Furthermore, it has been found to be advantageous if the latching section has a handling area via which the latching section can be moved in the radial direction counter to the pretensioning direction so that the latching section and the latching area disengage and the fastening element can be rotated counter to the latching direction. This force, which opposes the preload force, must be applied to dismantle the fastening element. When the teeth of the latching area and those of the latching element are out of engagement, the fastening element can be rotated freely with respect to the locking element. With a rotation up to the position in which the recess is aligned with the latching element, the fastening element can be removed from the locking element and the door lock can be dismantled.

It is also advantageous if the fastening element has an actuation area via which it can be rotated. An actuation area enables a simple force to be exerted on the fastening element for example to turn it manually. The actuation area can be designed as a radial projection. It is also possible that the fastening element has several actuation areas, which enables a symmetrical introduction of force.

In the case of a door with a predetermined door thickness, the problems outlined above arise. On this basis, a door with a locking device is proposed, which is designed in the manner described above. The advantages described with regard to the closure device result.

Furthermore, a method for fastening a locking element to a door with a fastening element is proposed with regard to the object mentioned at the beginning, the contact pressure of the fastening element on the door being adjusted by a compensation device to compensate for different door thicknesses. It is advantageous if the locking element and the fastening element are part of a locking device and in particular if the locking device is designed in the manner described above. The advantages already explained with regard to the locking device result.

Fig. 1a bis 1c

Ansichten eines Montagevorgangs zur Befestigung eines Verriegelungselements mit einem Befestigungselement an einer Tür in drei verschiedenen Stellungen;

Fig. 2a, b

eine perspektivische Ansicht und eine Draufsicht auf ein Befestigungselement;

Fig. 3

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Türverschlusses in der Montagestellung;

Fig. 4

eine perspektivische Ansicht des Türverschlusses gemäß Fig. 3 in der Befestigungsstellung.

Further advantageous refinements are set out below with the aid of Figs. 1 to 4 are explained in more detail. Show in it:

Figures 1a to 1c

Views of an assembly process for fastening a locking element with a fastening element on a door in three different positions;

Fig. 2a, b

a perspective view and a plan view of a fastening element;

Fig. 3

a perspective view of a door lock in the assembly position;

Fig. 4

a perspective view of the door lock according to Fig. 3 in the fastening position.

Door locks 10 mostly consist of a locking element 1, with which a door 3 can be secured against undesired opening, and a fastening element 2, with which the locking element 1 can be fastened to the door 3.

In the context of this invention, the term “door” is to be understood quite generally to mean closing elements which can be moved back and forth between an open position and a closed position. In addition to normal pivoting or sliding doors, this term also includes, for example, flaps, hatches, lids, windows and the like.

As will be explained in more detail below, problems arise in the case of door locks during assembly if the door locks are not adapted to the thickness of the door 3. In the following, this will be done using the Figures 1a to 1c The assembly steps shown are briefly explained before the design of the door lock 10 according to the invention is discussed.

To mount the locking element 1, the door 3 has an opening 3.3 through which the locking element 1 can be inserted from the outside of the door 3, as shown in the illustration of FIG Fig. 1a can be seen. The locking element 1 has one in the Figures 1a to 1c not shown support area in the form of a rosette 1.3, which rests on the outside of the door 3 in the pushed-through position. This rosette 1.3 is in the Figures 3 and 4 to be seen in which the door 3 lying in the viewing direction in front of the rosette 1.3 is hidden for illustration. The rosette 1.3 is used to fix the locking element 1 in one direction so that it cannot be moved further in the direction of the interior. Furthermore, the locking element 1 has a locking tongue 1.2, which is designed as a sash in the exemplary embodiment. The locking tongue 1.2 can be pivoted about the axis of rotation D by means of a handle which is arranged on the outside of the door 3.1 and is not shown in the figures. In the locked position, the locking tongue 1.2 engages behind the frame of the door 3.4 when the door 3 is closed, so that the door 3 is secured against unintentional opening. To open the door 3 again, the locking tongue 1.2 must be rotated about the axis of rotation D from the locked position back into the unlocked position, in which the locking tongue 1.2 can be moved past the frame 3.4 when the door 3 is opened. Furthermore, the locking element 1 has a bearing element 1.1 designed as a bearing bushing, which, as shown in FIG Fig. 1a extends through the opening 3.3 of the door 3 and in which the locking tongue 1.2 is pivotably mounted.

In order to connect the locking element 1 to the door 3 in the position according to FIG. 1 a and to secure it against being pulled out, the fastening element 2 is pushed over the locking element 1 until it rests on the inside of the door 3.2, as shown in FIG Figure 1b is shown.

The bearing element 1.1 of the locking element 1 has radially extending projections in the form of latching elements 9 on two opposite sides and the fastening element 2 has two correspondingly configured and opposite recesses 8, which are best in the Figure 2b can be recognized. For mounting the fastener 2, this is arranged in such a way that the latching elements 9 are aligned with the recesses 8 and the fastening element 2 can be advanced over the latching elements 9 to the inside of the door 3.2, as can the others Figures 1b and 1c can be found.

There is a certain distance between the latching element 9 and the inside of the door 3.2, so that there is enough space to rotate the fastening element 2. For better handling, the fastening element 2 has a radially projecting actuation area 12. The locking element 1 and the fastening element 2 interact in the manner of a bayonet lock, so that the recesses 8 are no longer aligned with the locking elements 9 after the fastening element has been rotated, but undercut the fastening element 2. Since the fastening element 2 has a larger cross section than the opening, the locking element 1 is secured against being pulled out.

The one in the Figures 1a to 1c However, the problem arises that the space between the latching element 9 and the inside of the door 3.2 depends on the thickness of the door 3. If the door 3 is too thick, for example, the locking element 1 and thus also the locking elements 9 do not protrude far enough beyond the inside of the door 3.2, so that there is not enough space for the fastening element 2 between the door inside 3.2 and the locking elements 9. In this case it can happen that the fastening element 2 has to be clamped with a great deal of force between the door 3 and the latching element 9, but this can easily lead to scratches on the door 3 or that an assembly of the locking element 1 with the fastening element 2 not possible. If, on the other hand, the door 3 is too thin, there is a certain amount of play between the door 3 and the fastening element 2 and also between the latching element 9 and the fastening element 2.

The fastening element 2 shown in the figures has a compensation device 4, which is best in the Fig. 2a can be seen and which enables an adjustment to different door thicknesses via different locking steps. The design of the fastening element 2 and the compensating device 4 will now be based on FIG Figs. 2 to 4 are described in more detail.

The compensation device 4 has two ramp sections 5 which extend in the direction of a circular arc and which, when the fastening element 2 is rotated about the locking element 1, lead to a constant increase in the contact pressure acting on the door 3. When the fastening element 2 is rotated, the latching elements 9 run along the ramp sections 5, so that the distance between the latching elements 9 and the door 3 increases during rotation. This leads to the fastening element 2 being pressed onto the door 3 from the inside of the door 3 and the rosette 3.1 from the outside of the door 3, so that a frictional connection is created between the elements.

Furthermore, the compensating device 4 has a latching section 7, which ensures that the fastening element 2 cannot be released again by itself. During assembly, the fastening element 2 is initially rotated to such an extent that the desired contact pressure is applied to the door 3 and the locking element 1 is securely fastened to the door 3. In this fastening position, which is shown in Fig. 4 is shown, the fastening element 2 is fixed, which will be explained in more detail below.

So that the fastening element 2 can no longer be released independently in the fastening position, both the latching section 7 and one of the two latching elements 9 shown in the figures have correspondingly configured teeth 7.1, 9.1. About the teeth 7.1, 9.1, the fastening element 2 can be in different locking positions with respect to the Closing element can be set. As can also be seen, the teeth 7.1, 9.1 have a sawtooth-like cross section, which ensures that a rotary movement of the fastening element 2 is only possible in one direction. When the fastening element 2 is rotated clockwise, the teeth 9.1 of the locking element 9 successively engage the teeth 7.1 of the locking section 7, so that different locking positions are made possible as a result. An opposite rotation is not possible due to the interaction of the teeth 7.1, 9.1.

So that the teeth 7.1 of the latching section 7 can interact independently with the teeth 9.1 of the latching element 9, the latching section 7 is arranged or pretensioned in such a way that the teeth 7.1 automatically engage the teeth 9.1 so that self-locking occurs.

In order to release the door lock 10 from the door 3 again, the fastening element 2 must be removed from the locking element 1, for which purpose the teeth 7.1, 9.1 must first be disengaged. To release the tooth connection, a radial force directed against the biasing force can be applied to the latching section 7 via the handle 11 designed as a nose, so that the teeth 7.1 of the latching section 7 and the teeth 9.1 of the latching element 9 disengage. In this position, the fastening element 2 can then be rotated counterclockwise with respect to the locking element 1 until the latching elements 9 are again aligned with the recesses 8. In this position, the fastening element 2 can be released from the locking element 1 and the locking element 1 can then be removed from the door 3.

Due to the interaction of the latching element 9 with the ramp section 5 and with the latching section 7, the fastening element 2 can be adapted to different door thicknesses by rotation. The distance between the latching element 9 and the inside of the door 3.2 can be compensated so that a variable and secure attachment of the locking element 1 to the door 3 results.

List of reference symbols:

1

Locking element

1.1

Bearing element

1.2

Locking tongue

1.3

rosette

2

Fastener

3

door

3.2

Inside door

3.3

breakthrough

3.4

frame

4th

Compensation device

5

Ramp section

7th

Locking section

7.1

teeth

8th

Recess

9

Locking element

9.1

teeth

10

Door lock

11

Handle

12th

Operating range

D.

Axis of rotation

Claims (15)

1. Door lock with a locking element (1) for locking the door (3) in a closed state and a fastening element (2) for fastening the locking element (1) to the door (3), wherein the fastening element (2) has an adjustable adjustment device (4) to compensate for different door thicknesses, characterized in that the adjustment device (4) has at least one ramp section (5) having a slope, which ramp section interacts with a latching element (9) of the locking element (1) when the fastening element (2) is rotated from an assembly position to a latching position.
2. Locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening element (2) is part of a bayonet fastening.
3. Locking device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening element (2) is pressable onto the door (3) via the adjustment device (4).
4. Locking device according to claim 3, characterized in that the contact pressure of the fastening element (2) onto the door (3) is adjustable via the adjustment device.
5. Locking device according to any of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the contact pressure can be adjusted by rotating the fastening element (2) relative to the locking element (1).
6. Locking device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking element (1) moves in axial direction relative to the fastening element (2) when the fastening element (2) is rotated.
7. Locking device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that adjustment device (4) has a latching section (7) for fixing the fastening element (2) relative to the locking element (1).
8. Locking device according to claim 7, characterized in that the latching section (7) has several latching steps.
9. Locking device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening element (2) has an actuation area (12) via which the latching element (2) can be rotated.
10. Locking device according to claim 1, in which the degree of slope of the ramp section (5) is determined by a transmission between the rotation of the fastening element (2) and a change of the pressure force of the fastening element (2) onto the door (3).
11. Locking device according to claim 1, in which the ramp section (5) extends in direction of a circular arc.
12. Door with a locking device (10) according to any of the preceding claims.
13. Method for fastening a locking element (1) to a door with a fastening element (2), characterized in that the contact pressure of the fastening element (2) onto the door is adjusted via an adjustment device (4) to compensate for different door thicknesses, in that at least one ramp section (5) of the adjustment device (4) interacts with a latching element (9) of the latching element (1) when the fastening element (2) is rotated from an assembly position to a latching position.
14. Method according to claim 13, in which the latching element (9) is moved away from the door (3) in axial direction when the fastening element (2) is rotated from the assembly position in the latching position.
15. Method according to claim 13 or 14, in which the latching element (9) slides along a ramp section (5) of the adjustment device (4) when the fastening element (2) is rotated.

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