EP3665341A1

EP3665341A1 - Adhesive mat for sticking a covering panel onto a wall

Info

Publication number: EP3665341A1
Application number: EP18748870.5A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Carsten SCHWIDOP; Thomas Hille
Original assignee: Hydrophon Kunststofftechnik GmbH
Current assignee: Hydrophon Kunststofftechnik GmbH
Priority date: 2017-08-11
Filing date: 2018-07-18
Publication date: 2020-06-17
Also published as: CA3072534A1; US20200248461A1; DE102017118315A1; WO2019029962A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an adhesive mat (FKM) for sticking a tile (F) onto a wall (W), said adhesive mat having a panel-side adhesive layer for integrally bonded connection with the tile and a wall-side adhesive layer for sticking onto the wall. In this way, tiles can be handled in a clean and dry manner. The adhesive mat (FKM) can be connected to a tile in the factory, thus making a tile unit. The adhesive mat (FKM) can have at least one protrusion over the edge of the tile, such that several tile units of this kind can be arranged in a grid pattern with the adhesive mats overlapping.

Description

ADHESIVE MAT TO BOND A SURFACE TO A WALL

The invention relates to an adhesive mat for adhering a covering plate such as a tile to a wall, a tile unit and a

Wall construction with such an adhesive mat, and a method for attaching a covering plate such as a tile to a wall.

Tiles are applied to the walls of interiors, on floors or in the

Exterior traditionally laid in the "wet bed process". First, a so-called tile adhesive based on mineral or

Attached plastic base, which is then applied in the viscous state between the tile and wall and holds the tile to the wall after a period of curing. In the sanitary area, especially in wet rooms such as a bathroom, a water vapor barrier between the tiles and the wall is usually provided in addition. In this regard, it is known from EP 2 584 113 A2 to bond a sealing web with a water-impermeable plastic carrier layer over its entire surface to the wall, wherein the sealing web bears on the space side a nonwoven to which a conventional tile adhesive can adhere.

Against this background, it was an object of the present invention to provide means for alternative or easier processing of tiles or tiles.

This object is achieved by an adhesive mat according to claim 1, by a

Tile unit according to claim 6, solved by a wall structure according to claim 9 and by a method according to claim 13. Advantageous embodiments are contained in the subclaims. According to a first aspect, the invention therefore relates to an adhesive mat for adhering a covering plate, such as a tile, to a wall, which contains the following components:

A plate-side first adhesive layer for the cohesive connection of the adhesive mat with the wall side of the covering plate or tile.

A wall-side adhesive layer for sticking to the wall.

The term "facing plate" is here and below generally understood a plate-shaped object, which is used as a component in buildings, in vehicles, furniture or other objects, the object is usually arranged on a visible surface. The material of a covering plate can basically be arbitrary. In particular, a ceramic material, but also glass, plastic, aluminum or another metal, wood or the like into consideration. Furthermore, typically several (similar or different) tiles are arranged in a grid or pattern, the tiles then being often referred to as "tiles", especially if they are made of a ceramic material. In the following, the terms "tile plate" and "tile" in the

Essentially synonymous used, the term "tile" should not be understood only in a narrow, standardized sense.

As the term "mat" indicates, the adhesive mat is typically a sheet-like, flexible structure which may take the form of (square) plates or (elongated) sheets. Furthermore, the term "wall" refers in particular to a vertical building wall in the narrower sense. The adhesive mat must therefore be able to hold the weight of tiles / tiles on such a vertical wall permanently and without movement. In addition, however, the term "wall" in the present case is also generalized to all substrates to which tiles / tiles are to be attached, i. even for floors, the surface of objects like

For example, furniture, or the like. Although the adhesive layers mentioned are typically elastic (in particular permanently elastic) and flexible, they are physically "solid" in physical state, and therefore exhibit no discernible flow properties in the relevant periods of a few decades. Furthermore, the adhesive layers are typically permanently adherent, that is, the adhesiveness is not limited to a relatively short period of time in which chemical reactions take place (crosslinking) and processing must take place. Waiting times for a setting of the

Adhesive layers therefore generally do not arise during the processing of the adhesive mat. The plate-side adhesive layer can optionally be adhesively bonded to the tile by special methods such as vulcanization. Such processes are then preferably carried out at the factory during the production of the tile.

The adhesive mat according to the invention has the advantage that it allows a "dry" processing of tiles. This means that at a construction site no dirt causing and possibly harmful to health

Chemicals must be mixed and processed consuming. Instead, the tiling of a room is reduced to a clean, dry bonding process.

The adhesive mat described can be developed in various ways. For example, it may contain a carrier layer which is arranged between the plate-side and the wall-side adhesive layer. Such a carrier layer can provide, for example, a required mechanical stability and / or a desired thickness of the adhesive mat

guarantee. Preferably, the support layer may also be impermeable to water to fulfill the function of a water vapor barrier, for example in the area of wet cells.

According to a preferred embodiment, the aforementioned carrier layer contains a show mkunststoff or consists thereof. In this case, a good workability can be achieved by the flexibility of the foam plastic, so that the adhesive mat, for example, can adjust outstanding surface irregularities. The foam plastic may be in particular to act as described in WO 2016/128170 A1. The foamed plastic may in particular be closed-celled and / or physically crosslinked and / or contain polyolefin, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, silicone, cellular rubber, acrylic foam, and / or butyl and / or have an elongation at break of more than 300%.

The thickness of the carrier layer, in particular a carrier layer

Foamed plastic, is advantageously more than about 0.1 mm or more than one of the following enumerated dimensions: about 0.2 mm, about 0.3 mm, about 0.4 mm, about 0.5 mm, about 0.6 mm, about 0.7 mm, approx 0.9 mm, approx. 1.0 mm, approx. 1.1 mm, approx. 1.2 mm, approx. 1.3 mm, approx. 1.4 mm, approx. 1.5 mm, approx. 1.6 mm, approx. 1.7 mm, approx 1.9 mm, approx. 2.0 mm, approx. 3 mm, approx. 4 mm, approx. 5 mm, approx. 6 mm, approx. 7 mm, approx. 8 mm, approx. 9 mm, approx 10 mm. Advantageously, the thickness of the carrier layer has one of the above enumerated dimensions with a tolerance of about ± 30%.

In the case of the foamed plastic, in particular one of the surfaces may be specially treated, for example with a surface tension-increasing treatment such as a corona treatment. As usual, the surface tension is defined as the work (Nm) that must be done to increase the surface area (m ² ) of a material by one unit (measured in units of N / m or dyn / cm = 0.001 N / m ). The surface tension of the foam is preferably set to values of more than 30 dynes / cm, particularly preferably about

40 dyn / cm or more increased. A surface treated in this way achieves a good bond with the applied adhesive layer. In particular, both surfaces of the foam plastic can be treated, ie for

plate side and the wall side adhesive layer. The adhesive tensile strength of the adhesive mat is preferably 0.2 N / mm ² or more (determined in accordance with the building inspectorate approval for sheet-like sealing materials (P) / PG-AIV-B or DIN EN 1348).

Furthermore, the foam plastic preferably contains no substances that lead to outgassing and no plasticizers. The plate-side and / or the wall-side adhesive layer should be selected to match the substrates on which they are to be glued. Optionally, both adhesive layers consist of the same adhesive. The adhesive layers may in particular contain or consist of at least one of the following materials: butyl, synthetic rubber, acrylics, hotmelt, crosslinked or uncrosslinked acrylate, UV-crosslinked acrylate adhesive and / or an adhesive dispersion.

At least one of the adhesive layers of the adhesive mat is preferably covered with a peelable protective film so that it does not unintentionally stick to other objects before it is processed.

The protective film is preferably a tear-resistant protective film so that it does not break when peeled off from the adhesive layer. The latter would be hindering when attaching in particular large tiles / tiles.

In particular, the tear strength of the protective film may be at least so great that a strip 10 cm wide and 100 cm long has a longitudinal tensile force of more than about 3 N (Newton), more than about 6 N, more than about 10 N, more than about 30 N, more than about 60 N, more than about 100 N, more than about

300 N, more than about 600 N, more than about 1000 N, more than about 5000 N, or even more than about 10000 N in the long term, without tearing (ie if at the two 100 cm away ends of a 10 cm wide strip is drawn with oppositely directed forces of the mentioned sizes, does not tear the protective film, but an elastic or plastic length change is permissible). An alternative quantification of tear strength can be made by using the parameter

"Tensile strength", which is the maximum in material science

Tensile stress, which can occur in a material. This

The tearing resistance can also be characterized in that the protective film according to the invention has a (middle) longitudinal direction.

Tensile strength of (in each case at least) approx. 0.2 N / mm ² , approx. 0.4 N / mm ² , approx.

0.6 N / mm ^2, approximately 2 N / mm ^2, about 4 N / mm ^2, about 6 N / mm ^2, approximately 20 N / mm ^2, approximately 40 N / mm ^2, ca. 70 N / mm ² , 300 N / mm ² , about 700 N / mm ² , or at least about 1000 N / mm ² . The desired tear resistance can be achieved for example by a correspondingly high thickness of the film. Additionally or alternatively For example, the protective film may be reinforced, for example by embedded fibers, in order to achieve tear resistance.

Furthermore, it is preferred if the protective film has on both sides a non-permanent adhesive surface (removable from the adhesive layer). Such peelability can be achieved, for example, by siliconizing the surfaces. The two-sided peelability has the advantage that it does not come to unwanted bonding between the outer surface of already peeled off protective film and the adhesive layer during assembly.

According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a unit, hereinafter referred to as "tile unit", without restriction of generality, comprising a covering plate such as a tile and an adhesive mat arranged on the wall side according to one of those described above

Contains embodiments. Such a tile unit is typically already factory-made, i. completed in the production plant of the tile / tile. At the construction site, therefore, only the tile unit with the wall-side adhesive layer must be attached to a wall to be tiled.

Another advantage of the tile unit is that the adhesive mats form intermediate buffers during transport of the tile units, which can prevent damage to the tiles susceptible to breakage.

Further advantages are the possible integration of a seal

(Especially, if the adhesive mat contains a water-impermeable carrier layer) and / or a thermal and acoustic insulation (especially if the adhesive mat contains a foam plastic).

In order for the adhesive mat adhering to the tile / tile to come into contact, as far as possible, with a wall over the entire surface, thus creating a maximum adhesive effect, the tile should be as flat as possible. Preferably, therefore, the deviation of the wall side of the tile from a perfectly flat surface is less than ten percent, less than five percent, less than three percent, less than two percent, or more preferably less than one percent of the tile thickness. at a typical tile thickness of eight millimeters, the absolute deviation is thus preferably less than 800 μιτι to less than 80 μιη.

The adhesive mat can only partially cover the wall side of the covering tile, for example in an edge region. Preferably, however, the adhesive mat covers the wall side of the covering plate / tile over its entire surface. Then a full - surface bonding (essentially) without cavities between the

Facing tile / tile and the wall possible. This improves the thermal insulation, prevents the formation of mold (no displacement of the dew point in a cavity), and prevents the risk of breaking through the tile / tile at a point load on a cavity.

According to a further embodiment, the adhesive mat has a projection on at least one edge of the tile. Such a projection can be used to connect to adjacent objects, as a rule

Neighboring tiles to produce. If the adhesive mat, for example, provides the function of a water vapor barrier, then by an overlapping bonding of adhesive mats of adjacent tile units one

Water vapor barrier can be ensured for an entire wall. In order to prevent any overlap gaps, the supernatants of the

Adhesive mats suitable to form, so that when several

Tile units in a grid a full-surface overlap of the adhesive mats without line-shaped and / or point-like shocks arises.

Optionally, the adhesive mats in the areas where they are with

overlap adjacent adhesive mats in the described processing, have a smaller thickness. In particular, its thickness may be selected so that the overlap zone has approximately the same total thickness as the simple adhesive mat in the non-overlapping region. In this way, bumps can be avoided by material doubling or trimming.

According to a third aspect, the invention relates to a wall structure comprising the following components: A wall, as explained, should cover not only vertical walls, but substrates in general.

An adhesive mat according to one of the embodiments described above.

A tile such as a tile.

While the covering plate / tile in the wall structure is usually arranged directly on the plate-side adhesive layer of the adhesive mat, additional components can optionally be located between the wall and the adhesive mat.

For example, between the wall and the adhesive mat, a sealing web made of a water-impermeable material can be arranged. Examples of such

Sealing webs can be found in EP 2 584 113 A2 and WO 2016/128170 A1, which are incorporated in full in the present application. When using such a sealing sheet, it is no longer necessary that the adhesive mat in turn is impermeable to water or forms a water vapor barrier.

According to a preferred embodiment, the wall structure comprises at least two lining plates / tiles, which are arranged abutting each other.

There is thus no gap in the form of a joint between the tiles / tiles. Preferably, all tiles / tiles of the wall structure are so seamless or with "press joints" arranged. Such a structure will

in particular by a "floating" attachment of the tiles / tiles on the wall possible if the adhesive mat contains a permanently elastic material, for example in the form of a foam plastic. Then, namely, the transfer of (settling) movements can be prevented from the wall on the tiles / tiles, which require the presence of expansion joints in conventional systems.

Furthermore, the wall structure is advantageously such that substantially no cavity exists between the covering plate / tile and the wall. According to a fourth aspect, the invention relates to a method for attaching a covering tile to a wall, which is characterized by the following steps:

Attachment of an adhesive mat according to one of the above-described

Embodiments on a tile / tile or on the wall.

Glue the tile / tile to the wall.

According to the method, an adhesive mat can thus be first attached to the wall, whereupon then the covering plates / tiles are glued to the plate-side adhesive layer of the mat. Alternatively, the adhesive mat can also first be attached to the covering plate / tile, which already happened at the factory, and the covering plate / tile thus treated is then glued to the wall.

To the positioning and the alignment of the tiles / tiles in the

To facilitate adhesion to the wall, optionally a temporary release agent may be employed between the active adhesive layer and the wall or tile, for example by moistening with water. The full adhesion of the adhesive only occurs when the release agent has disappeared by manipulation, by evaporation, by diffusion, or by decomposition.

Preferably, in the method, a full-surface bonding, so essentially without cavities between tiles / tiles and wall.

In another embodiment of the method, a weather strip is placed between two deck plates and the wall so as to cover the boundary line between the deck plates. In this way, a tightness of the entire surface can be ensured even if, for example

Tile units are used, the adhesive mat does not go beyond the edge of the tiles / tiles. In such a case, there are lines of scoring between the adhesive mats, where a leak could occur. However, this is prevented by the sealing line overlapping the sealing strip. In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with the aid of the attached figures with reference to exemplary embodiments. Showing:

1 shows a schematic cross section through an inventive

Tile unit with a tile and an adhesive mat;

Figure 2 shows a possible construction of the adhesive mat of Figure 1;

Figure 3 shows a possible wall structure when using the tile unit of Figure 1 and a sealing strip;

Figure 4 is a plan view of a tile unit with an all-over projection of the adhesive mat;

Figure 5 is a plan view of an alternative tile unit with a supernatant located only on two sides;

FIG. 6 shows the arrangement of a plurality of tile units according to FIG. 5 in a grid with gapless overlapping of the adhesive mats;

FIG. 7 shows a construction of an adhesive mat with protective films on both sides;

Figure 8 shows a seamless wall structure with press joints.

In FIG. 1, a tile unit 100 is shown in a schematic, not to scale, cross section (generally also identified by the letter "FE"). The tile unit 100 consists of a conventional, for example, ceramic tile 150 ("F") as a covering plate, as well as a (tile) adhesive mat 110 ("FKM"), which is firmly bonded to the wall side of the tile. Such a connection can already be made at the factory after the production of the tile. Optionally, however, the adhesive mat can also be initially produced as a separate unit and then glued to the tile later, for example, on site at the construction site. It is important that the adhesive mat FKM on the wall side (left in Figure 1) carries an adhesive layer, with which the tile unit FE can be adhered to a vertical wall. Thus, a particularly simple and clean processing of tile units is possible.

Furthermore, it is indicated in the figure that the wall-side surface of the tile F can deviate from a geometrically exact flatness by a maximum dimension Δ. However, in the present case, this deviation should be less than about 5% of the tile thickness d, i. (Δ / d) <0.05 (or even less). In this case, it is ensured that the adhesive mat can contact a wall as completely as possible.

The format of the tile unit FE can in particular be very large

For example, a rectangle with an area of one to several

Square meters.

Figure 2 shows in a likewise schematic, not to scale, a possible construction of an adhesive mat FKM, for example, the adhesive mat 110 used in Figure 1. The adhesive mat FKM contains as essential components a plate-side adhesive layer 120 and a wall-side adhesive layer 130. In the illustrated embodiment, these are two adhesive layers on the opposite surfaces of a

Foamed plastic layer 140. This may be in particular a

Foamed plastic according to WO 2016/128170 A1 act.

In particular, the foam plastic layer 140 may consist of a physically crosslinked foam plastic whose tile-side and wall-side surfaces are corona-treated in order to obtain a good bond to the respective adhesive layer 120, 130. The thickness of the foamed plastic layer 140 is preferably between about 0.2 mm and 2 mm.

FIG. 3 shows, in a schematic cross-section, a wall construction, as is formed by attaching the tile unit FE of FIG. 1 to a wall W. The tile unit with the tile F and the adhesive mat FKM is not glued directly to the wall W (i.e., typically the interior plaster), which would also be possible, but to a sealing membrane DB. This may be, for example, a

Sealing web according to EP 2 584 113 A2 or WO 2016/128170 A1 act, which has a water-impermeable carrier layer TS and a wall-side adhesive layer KL. With the wall-side adhesive layer KL is the

DB sealing membrane glued to the wall as they approach the room

Surface on which in turn can adhere the adhesive layer of the adhesive mat FKM.

Figure 4 shows a plan view of the room side of a possible embodiment of a tile unit 200. This includes a rectangular tile F and a likewise rectangular adhesive mat FKM, which has a projection on all four edges of the tile. On the supernatant adjacent tiles or

Tile units are glued. In order to avoid the application of adhesive mat on the top of a tile, the corresponding protruding edges can e.g. folded away or cut away.

FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment of a tile unit 100, in which such a cutting away of projections already works at the factory on two

adjacent edges of the tiles is done.

FIG. 6 shows in this regard how a plurality of such tile units 100 can be arranged in a grid, wherein the adhesive mats FKM overlap everywhere. Thus, there are no lines of impact or impact points at which water could penetrate. It should also be noted that the provision of a small supernatant X on a tile corner, by which a punctiform Durchläse is avoided without covering by adhesive mats.

In order to prevent excessive thicknesses in the zones of material doubling or even tripling evident in FIG. 6, the adhesive mats in these areas can be made correspondingly thinner, so that the

Total thickness always has the same value everywhere.

FIG. 7 shows, in a cross section analogous to FIG. 2, an adhesive mat 210 (FKM) which likewise consists of a foamed plastic layer 240 with adhesive layers 220, 230 applied on both sides. Furthermore, two protective films 221 and 231 are shown (one partially detached) which cover the adhesive surfaces until processing. In particular, the protective films 231 on the Wall-side adhesive layer 230 should be tear-resistant, so that it can be removed over a greater distance, without tearing. This is important if, for example, a large tile is glued to a wall, as with partial adhesion, there is not enough space left behind the tile to separate, if necessary, a torn protective film again.

If necessary, the protective film 221, 231 can be divided by scoring or cutting with a knife into required pieces. Due to the relatively high thickness of the foam plastic layer 240 (for example, about 0.8 mm) compared to a plastic film, the knife tip can even penetrate somewhat into the layers 230, 240 below the protective film, without the

Impermeability of the adhesive mats FKM to endanger.

Furthermore, preferably both the adhesive-side backside R and the front side V of the protective film 231 are non-stickable (e.g., siliconized), so as not to interfere with the assembly by a

accidental sticking of the front side V can come on the already open adhesive layer. Suitable materials for the protective films are, for example, PET, HDPE or PP.

The plate-side protective film 221 may be omitted if the

Adhesive mat FKM is glued directly to the tile at the factory.

FIG. 8 shows four tile units 300 (FE) which (unlike the tile units 100 and 200 of FIGS. 4 and 5) do not project beyond the edge

Adhesive mat FKM should have. However, in order to get along the boundary line between adjacent tiles no line-shaped leak, are waterproof before mounting the tile units 300 on the wall

Glued sealing strip DS, which underlap the boundary lines. To avoid unevenness, the sealing strips DS are relatively thin

formed, for example, with a thickness between 0.1 mm and 0.5 mm.

It can also be seen that the tile units 300 contact each other, that is, they are mounted without joints or with press joints on the wall. This is possible because due to the foam plastic layer of the adhesive mat a there is floating storage that decouples the wall and the tiles. The production of shadow joints is possible.

Finally, it should be noted that in the above explanations the term "tile" is to be understood more generally in the sense of a "covering plate". Such a flooring panel can be used not only on building walls or floors, but also in or on vehicles, on furniture (e.g., kitchen fronts) or other objects. The covering plate can wholly or partly consist of a ceramic material such as earthenware, glass, plastic (PE, PP, etc.), metal (aluminum), wood or the like.

Claims

claims

1. Adhesive mat (110, 210, FKM) for gluing a covering plate like

for example, a tile (F) to a wall (W) containing:

a plate-side adhesive layer (120, 220) for the material connection with the lining plate (F);

a wall-side adhesive layer (130, 230) for adhering to the wall.

2. adhesive mat (110, 210, FKM) according to claim 1,

characterized in that it includes a preferably water-impermeable carrier layer (140, 240) disposed between the plate side

Adhesive layer (120, 220) and the wall-side adhesive layer (130, 230) is arranged.

3. adhesive mat (110, 210, FKM) according to claim 2,

characterized in that the carrier layer (140, 240) has a

Contains foam plastic.

4. adhesive mat (110, 210, FKM) according to at least one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that the plate-side adhesive layer (120, 220) and / or the wall-side adhesive layer (130, 230) contains or consists of at least one of the following: butyl, synthetic rubber, Acrylicfoam, hotmelt, crosslinked or uncrosslinked acrylate, UV-crosslinked acrylate adhesive and / or an adhesive dispersion.

5. adhesive mat (110, 210, FKM) according to at least one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that the plate-side adhesive layer (120, 220) and / or the wall-side adhesive layer (130, 230) is completely or partially covered with a peelable protective film (221, 231), in particular with a tear-resistant and / or a protective film on both sides has a non-adherent surface (V, R).

6. Tile Unit (100, 200, 300, FE) containing a topping plate such as

For example, a tile (F) and a wall side disposed thereon adhesive mat (110, 210, FKM) according to at least one of claims 1 to 5.

7. tile unit (100, 200, 300, FE) according to claim 6,

characterized in that the deviation (Δ) of the wall side of the covering plate (F) from a flat surface is less than 10%, preferably less than 5%, more preferably less than 2% of the plate thickness (d).

8. Tile unit (100, 200, 300, FE) after at least one of

previous claims,

characterized in that the adhesive mat (110, 210, FKM) on at least one edge of the tile (F) has a projection, so that a plurality of tile units (FE) can be arranged in a grid with overlapping edges of the adhesive mats (FKM).

9. Wall construction containing:

a wall (W);

a lining plate such as a tile (F); an adhesive mat (110, 210, FKM) after at least one of

Claims 1 to 5, which is arranged between the wall and the lining plate (F).

10. Wall structure according to claim 9,

characterized in that between the wall (W) and adhesive mat (110, 210, FKM) a sealing web (DB) is arranged made of a water-impermeable material.

11. Wall structure according to at least one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that it comprises at least two lining plates (F), which are arranged abutting each other.

12. Wall structure according to at least one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that between the lining plate (F) and wall (W) no cavity exists.

13. A method for attaching a covering plate such as a

Tile (F) on a wall (W), characterized by the steps:

Attachment of an adhesive mat (110, 210, FKM) according to at least one of claims 1 to 5 on the covering plate (F) or on the wall (W);

Gluing the covering plate (F) to the wall (W).

14. The method according to claim 13,

characterized in that a full-surface bonding takes place. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a sealing strip (DS) between two lining plates (F) and the wall is arranged so that it covers the boundary line between the lining plates (F).