EP3655583B1 - Rope comprising a rope section comprising a long splice and method for splicing a rope - Google Patents

Description

State of the art

The invention relates to a rope according to the preamble of claim 1.

Wire rope splices are known from the prior art, by means of which endless wire ropes can be produced from wire ropes, for example as pull ropes or conveyor ropes for mountain railways. A so-called long splice is manufactured at the point of use of the endless rope. To produce such a long splice, ends of individual strands of a wire rope to be spliced are inserted in sections into the interior of the wire rope as insert ends instead of a core. A length of such insertion ends corresponds to at least 100 times the diameter of the rope, so that a splice with sufficient length and resilience can be created. Typically, a diameter of the insertion ends is smaller than a diameter of a core of the wire rope, instead of which the insertion ends are inserted into an interior of the wire rope, which is why the insertion ends are covered with a splice tape.

In print JP 2001 049587 A describes a rope splice with a total length of more than 200*N*d, in which the insertion ends are wrapped with a splice tape. In print DE 27 35 858 A1 describes a sheath designed as a braided hose for the insertion ends of a long splice, which has the purpose of producing a splice that is as flat as possible and is also intended to allow "breathing" to prevent corrosion. In print DE 38 38 183 A1 A long splice with splice tape is described, which is manufactured according to DIN 3089, ie has a total length of more than 200*N*d. In print US 3,934,397 A describes a metal tube which is placed over the insertion ends of a splice in order to compensate for the difference in thickness of the removed core in the area of the splice. In the Printed publication EP 2 708 642 A2 A so-called splice dummy is described, which serves to keep the deviation of the shape of the rope in the area of a splice from the shape of the rope outside the splice as small as possible.

The object of the invention is, in particular, to achieve advantageous properties with regard to the production of a long splice. In addition, an object of the invention is, in particular, to provide a sheathing element by means of which high resilience of sheathed insertion ends can be achieved. In addition, an object of the invention is, in particular, to enable the production of a long splice in places that are difficult to access or have limited space. The object is achieved according to the invention by the features of patent claim 1, while advantageous refinements and developments of the invention can be found in the subclaims.

Advantages of the invention

The invention is based on a sheathing element, in particular a splice tape, with at least one sheathing section, which is used to at least partially sheathe at least one insertion end of at least one splice designed as a long splice for a rope, in particular for a wire rope, advantageously for a conveyor rope and / or a Traction rope, with a diameter d and a number of N stranded longitudinal elements, in particular strands, is provided.

It is proposed that the sheathing section is suitable for producing the long splice with a length of less than 100*N*d, advantageously at most 80*N*d, particularly advantageously at most 60*N*d, preferably at most 50* N*d and particularly preferably a maximum of 40*N*d. In particular, the sheathing section is suitable for producing a long splice whose areas with insertion ends have a total length of less than 100*N*d, advantageously at most 80*N*d, particularly advantageously at most 60*N*d, preferably at most 50*N *d and particularly preferably of at most 40*N*d.

The design according to the invention can achieve advantageous properties with regard to the production of a long splice. Furthermore, a sheathing element can be provided, by means of which a high load capacity, in particular a high pull-out force, can be achieved for wrapped insert ends. In addition, the effort involved in producing the insertion ends of a long splice can be advantageously reduced. In addition, a long splice with short and easy-to-produce insertion ends can advantageously be provided. Advantageously, a high cost efficiency, in particular of a sheathing of insertion ends when producing a splice, can be advantageously achieved in combination with a high level of reliability of a manufactured long splice. In particular, a short time required for a splice can be achieved. In addition, a compact and resilient long splice can be provided. Furthermore, splicing of a long splice in a small space and/or over a short length can advantageously be made possible. In particular can a length of an area of a splice connection that is difficult to process can be advantageously reduced by means of a long splice.

The diameter d is the nominal diameter of the rope. In particular, the diameter d is a diameter of a smallest circle surrounding the rope and/or the rope section, in particular its cross section. The rope is preferably a steel rope, in particular a steel wire rope. The rope particularly preferably has at least one, in particular exactly one, core. The soul is advantageously at least partially made of plastic. The longitudinal elements preferably run spirally around the core, in particular in the manner of a conventional wire rope, and are in particular stranded around it. In particular, a lay length of the longitudinal elements is at least 4*d and preferably at least 6*d and/or at most 12*d and preferably at most 9*d. The longitudinal elements are advantageously arranged around the core in such a way that they are arranged without contact with one another and/or at a distance from one another with respect to their longitudinal directions, at least in sections of the rope and/or the rope section that are different from splice points, which in particular avoids wear due to longitudinal elements rubbing against one another can at least be reduced. The rope is advantageously intended for use in a cable car, in particular in a passenger cable car. However, the rope can also be intended for use in a material ropeway. The rope is in particular an endless rope, preferably a cable car. For example, the cable car can be a passenger cable car, in particular a mountain railway and advantageously a city railway. Alternatively or additionally, the cable car can at least be arranged in sections or completely underground. A material cableway, in particular a material transport railway, is also conceivable. The rope is advantageously a conveyor rope, in particular a revolving and/or endless conveyor rope, and/or a traction rope, in particular a revolving and/or endless traction rope. In an assembled state, the rope is advantageously placed around at least one drive element, in particular around a drive pulley, of a drive unit of a cable car. “Provided” is intended to mean, in particular, specifically designed and/or equipped. The fact that an object is intended for a specific function should be understood in particular to mean that the object fulfills and/or executes this specific function in at least one application and/or operating state.

The rope advantageously has a constant diameter. The diameter of the rope can be chosen to be suitable for the application. In particular, the diameter is at least 10 mm and/or at most 100 mm. If the rope is, for example, a traction rope, the diameter is in particular at least 10 mm and advantageously at least 20 mm and/or at most 70 mm and advantageously at most 50 mm. If the rope is, for example, a conveyor rope, the diameter is in particular at least 30 mm and advantageously at least 40 mm and/or at most 100 mm and advantageously at most 90 mm. In addition, the rope preferably has a constant cross section or at least a cross section that occurs periodically along its longitudinal direction. The cross section can be circular, especially in the case that the rope has suitable inserts between longitudinal elements running on its surface, which advantageously fill gaps between the longitudinal elements. It is also conceivable that the cross section corresponds to that of a conventional wire rope with strands arranged around a core.

In particular, the rope is free of at least one sheathing which at least partially surrounds the rope, in particular a plastic sheathing, a metal sheathing, a nylon sheathing and/or a further sheathing which in particular influences a tensile force of the rope. In particular, each stranded longitudinal element, in particular with the exception of insertion ends, is free of at least one sheathing surrounding the stranded longitudinal element, in particular a plastic sheathing, a metal sheathing, a nylon sheathing and/or a further sheathing, in particular influencing a tensile force of the rope.

The term that an element is “at least largely free of casings” should be understood in particular to mean that at least 51%, preferably at least 75%, advantageously at least 85%, preferably at least 95% and particularly preferably at least 99% of the element is free of the casing surrounding the element. A “sheathing” is to be understood in particular as an element which at least partially surrounds the passenger transport wire rope and/or the longitudinal element at least in sections in the circumferential direction and which is preferably made of a material which is different from the material, in particular the wire material, of the passenger transport wire rope and/or or the longitudinal element is formed. The term “partially surrounding” is intended to mean in particular surrounding at least 51% of a total circumference, preferably at least 80% of a total circumference or preferably at least 95% of a total circumference.

In particular, the rope has N longitudinal elements, in particular in addition to the core. Preferably N=6. In particular, the rope is a six-strand wire rope. However, seven-strand or eight-strand ropes are also conceivable. In particular, N is at least 4, advantageously at least 5 and particularly advantageously at least 6 and/or at most 12, advantageously at most 10 and particularly advantageously at most 8. Advantageously, the longitudinal elements each have an at least essentially constant cross section. The longitudinal elements are preferably strands, which in turn can be constructed from several individual wires, which in particular can be at least essentially identical to one another. It is also conceivable that a longitudinal element, for example designed as a stranded wire, has different individual wires and/or other components such as inserts, fibers, sheathing elements or the like. In particular in the case that a longitudinal element is designed as a strand, the longitudinal element advantageously has a lay length which corresponds to at least five times and preferably at least seven times and / or at most 15 times and preferably at most eleven times the diameter of the longitudinal element. In principle, longitudinal elements of different shapes can be used. In addition, a laying direction of the wire rope can be identical or opposite to a laying direction of the longitudinal elements or at least individual longitudinal elements. “At least essentially identical” objects should be understood to mean, in particular, objects that are constructed in such a way that they each have a common Can fulfill a function and preferably differ in their construction, apart from manufacturing tolerances, at most by individual elements that are insignificant for the common function, and advantageously objects that are identical apart from manufacturing tolerances and / or within the scope of manufacturing technology possibilities, in particular among identical objects Objects that are symmetrical to one another should also be understood. The fact that an object has an “at least essentially constant cross-section” should be understood in particular to mean that for any first cross-section of the object along at least one direction and any second cross-section of the object along the direction, a minimum area of a difference area, which is formed when the cross sections are placed one on top of the other, a maximum of 20%, advantageously a maximum of 10% and particularly advantageously a maximum of 5% of the surface area of the larger of the two cross sections.

In this context, a “wire” should be understood to mean, in particular, an elongated and/or thin and/or at least machine-bendable and/or flexible body. The wire advantageously has an at least essentially constant, in particular circular or elliptical, cross section along its longitudinal direction. The wire is particularly advantageously designed as a round wire. However, it is also conceivable that the wire is designed at least in sections or completely as a flat wire, a square wire, a polygonal wire and/or a profile wire. For example, the wire can be formed at least partially or completely from metal, in particular a metal alloy, and/or organic and/or inorganic plastic and/or a composite material and/or an inorganic non-metallic material and/or a ceramic material. It is conceivable, for example, that the wire is designed as a polymer wire or a plastic wire. In particular, the wire can be designed as a composite wire, for example as a metal-organic composite wire and/or a metal-inorganic composite wire and/or a metal-polymer composite wire and/or a metal-metal composite wire or the like. In particular, it is conceivable that the wire comprises at least two different materials, which are arranged relative to one another in particular according to a composite geometry and/or are at least partially mixed with one another. The wire is advantageously designed as a metal wire, preferably as a steel wire, in particular as a stainless steel wire. If the coil has several wires, these are preferably identical. However, it is also conceivable that the coil has several wires that differ in particular in terms of their material and/or their diameter and/or their cross section. Preferably, the wire and/or the longitudinal element has a particularly corrosion-resistant coating and/or sheathing, such as a zinc coating and/or a zinc-aluminum coating and/or a plastic coating and/or a PET coating and/or a metal oxide coating and/or a ceramic coating or the like.

The splice is a long splice and/or made in the manner of a long splice. The splice is preferably a wire rope splice. Preferably, the number of longitudinal elements of the splice corresponds to the number of longitudinal elements of the rope. The longitudinal elements of the splice are particularly preferably the longitudinal elements of the rope. Preferably, the splice is made from a starting cable of the cable before it is connected to an endless cable. In particular, the splice is a connection point between ends of the output cable of the cable. The rope advantageously has at least one further rope section that is free of a splice. The rope section and the further rope section preferably form the rope. However, it is also conceivable that the rope has several rope sections, each of which includes at least one splice, for example if a part of the rope is replaced and a corresponding replacement piece is spliced in using at least two splices. The splice advantageously has a maximum diameter, in particular a nominal diameter, which deviates from the diameter d of the rope by at most 10%, advantageously at most 8%, particularly advantageously at most 6% and preferably at most 5% from the diameter d of the rope and is in particular larger than this.

Preferably, at least some and advantageously all of the longitudinal elements each form at least one insertion end. Particularly preferably, at least some and advantageously all of the longitudinal elements each form exactly two insertion ends, with one insertion end advantageously being formed from one end of each longitudinal element. The insertion ends are advantageously inserted into the interior of the rope section instead of the core. Particularly advantageously, the splice has several splice points, in particular N splice points, at which longitudinal elements and preferably insertion ends preferably cross each other, in particular in such a way that they in Dive into the interior of the splice in the opposite direction. In particular, the splice point comprises at least one, in particular exactly one, splice node, preferably a cross node. The splice advantageously has longitudinal elements lying on a surface in the area of the splice point N+1, two of which preferably cross each other at the splice point. Alternatively, it is conceivable that two of the longitudinal elements are placed directly next to each other at the splice point, so that they form a parallel node, for example. Particularly advantageously, these two longitudinal elements, in particular the longitudinal elements that intersect at the splice point, each form an insertion end, the corresponding insertion ends being inserted into the interior of the splice in opposite directions instead of the core, in particular starting from the splice point. Preferably, an insertion end extends from a center of a splice to an end of the insertion end, in particular located in the interior of the splice. Particularly preferably, two insertion ends forming a splice point each extend from the splice point in opposite directions of the splice, in particular at least predominantly in the interior thereof, preferably instead of a core.

In particular, a length of a section lying on a surface of the splice point, which in particular includes unplugged sections of the intersecting or alternatively the juxtaposed longitudinal elements and is preferably defined and/or formed by these, is at most 15*d, advantageously at most 10*d, particularly advantageously at most 5*d and preferably at most 2*d. In particular, a length of the splice node of the splice point is at most 15*d, advantageously at most 10*d, particularly advantageously at most 5*d and preferably at most 2*d.

A diameter of the splice can be larger in an area of a splice than the diameter d of the rope, especially since a cross section of the splice comprises N+1 longitudinal elements at the splice. In particular, at least one splice of the splice defines a maximum diameter of the splice.

Preferably, the splice has 2*N insertion ends, with particularly preferably each end of each longitudinal element being an insertion end. However, it is also conceivable that at least two ends of longitudinal elements or even a single longitudinal element are in abutment and in particular on a surface of the splice and are, for example, glued and/or welded and/or otherwise connected to one another. One In this case, the number of insertion ends can be less than 2*N. For example, for a rope with six longitudinal elements, only four longitudinal elements can form insertion ends, while two longitudinal elements only lie abutting on a surface of a corresponding splice. In this case, for example, a breaking force of the splice is mainly determined by the insertion ends, while the abutting and possibly welded ends of the longitudinal elements can only absorb small forces. A corresponding splice is advantageously easy to produce, especially since only a reduced number of longitudinal elements are spliced.

The insertion end advantageously has a length of at most 40*d, particularly advantageously at most 30*d, preferably at most 25*d and particularly preferably at most 20*d. The splice advantageously has at least 2*N-8, particularly advantageously at least 2*N-6, preferably at least 2*N-4, particularly preferably at least 2*N-2 and preferably 2*N insertion ends. In particular, the splice has at least two, advantageously at least four, particularly advantageously at least six, preferably at least eight, particularly preferably at least ten and preferably at least twelve and/or 2*N insertion ends, which have a length of at most 50*d, advantageously at most 40 *d, particularly advantageously of at most 30*d, preferably at most 25*d and particularly preferably at most 20*d.

According to the invention, the insertion end is covered with the sheathing section at least over a length of its inserted section. Particularly advantageously, all insertion ends of the splice are encased, preferably wrapped, with at least one sheathing section at least in sections and preferably at least over a length of their respective inserted section. In particular, the insertion end is wrapped with the sheathing section. In particular, the sheath section is intended to be wrapped around an insertion end. Preferably, the casing section is at least partially connected to the insertion end in a form-fitting manner. In particular, the sheathing section is placed around the insertion end and/or arranged on its surface in such a way that the sheathing section at least partially mimics a surface formed in particular due to longitudinal elements running on a surface of the splice. For example, the Sheathing section at least partially fills gaps formed between adjacent longitudinal elements and/or gaps formed between individual wires of a longitudinal element, in particular to form a positive connection with these.

Alternatively or additionally, it is conceivable that the casing section is designed to be shrunk onto the insertion end and/or is at least partially shrunk onto the insertion end. In particular, the casing section can be provided for being pulled onto the insertion end, preferably in an initial state, in particular not shrunk. Advantageously, the casing section can also be intended to be shrunk onto the insertion end after it has been pulled on. Preferably, the casing section is intended to be shrunk by means of at least one temperature treatment, in particular by means of heating, for example by at least 30 K, advantageously by at least 40 K, preferably by at least 50 K, but also, for example, by 100 K or even more . In particular in this case, the casing section can be at least partially formed from a material whose volume changes during a temperature treatment, in particular during heating. It is also conceivable that the casing section is intended to be expanded and/or enlarged for being pulled on, for example thermally, in particular by means of heating, wherein the casing section can also preferably be intended to be expanded after being pulled on, in particular after a thermal Treatment for winding up, contracting. In this context, “pulling” the casing section onto the insertion end should be understood to mean, in particular, attaching it to its surface, for example by placing it on and/or wrapping it, and advantageously putting it on and/or pulling it over. In particular, it is conceivable that the casing section is designed to be tubular and/or tubular and is advantageously intended to be pulled over from one end of the insertion end.

It is also conceivable that the casing section is intended to be extruded onto the insertion end and/or is extruded onto the insertion end. In particular, the casing section and/or the casing element can be designed as an extruded coating, which is in particular directly applied to a Surface of the insertion end can be applied and / or applied. It is advantageously conceivable here that the casing section is connected to the insertion end in a form-fitting manner at least in sections and in particular penetrates at least in sections into spaces between longitudinal elements arranged on the surface of the insertion end and/or mimics a shape of these spaces at least in sections. In addition, co-extrusion of at least two different materials is also conceivable.

The fact that the sheathing section is suitable for allowing the splice to be produced with a certain length should be understood in particular to mean that the splice is in the case of a sheathing of at least the insertion end with the sheathing element, and preferably in the case of a sheathing of all of the insertion ends of the splice Identical to the sheathing section, sheathing sections, when the splice is used as intended, in which, for example, tensile and / or bending loads of the splice occur according to use in a cable car, preferably when it is used as a splice of an endless rope, in particular a conveyor rope and / or a traction rope a cable car, is damage-free and/or can be used without damage. In particular, the insertion end and advantageously all insertion ends of the splice should be shorter than 50*d. Furthermore, according to the invention, this should be understood to mean that the corresponding splice has a breaking strength, in particular a tensile strength, which is at most 30%, advantageously at most 20%, particularly advantageously at most 10% and preferably at most 5% smaller than a breaking strength, in particular a tensile strength , a section of the rope that is different from the splice and free of a splice. The sheathing section is advantageously suitable for sheathing an insertion end with a length of at most 50*d in such a way that it cannot be pulled out. In this case, the insertion end should advantageously be considered "pull-out-proof" if it has a pull-out force which, particularly in the event that all insertion ends of the splice would have a corresponding pull-out force, would result in a breaking strength, in particular a tensile strength, of the corresponding splice, which would be at most 30%, advantageously at most 20%, particularly advantageously at most 10% and preferably at most 5% smaller than a breaking strength, in particular a tensile strength, of a rope section of the rope that is different from the splice and in particular free of a splice.

The sheathing element is preferably designed as a band, in particular as a wrapping band, advantageously as a splice band. The casing element and in particular the casing section can be formed in one piece. It is also conceivable that the sheathing element and in particular the sheathing section has several, in particular permanently connected, components. The casing section is in particular a section of the casing element. For example, the sheathing element can be a roll of tape from which the sheathing section can be separated, for example cut off. The sheathing element advantageously has a length that is sufficient for sheathing more than one insertion end. It is also conceivable that several casing sections are used to cover the insertion end, which are placed, in particular wrapped, around the insertion end one above the other and/or next to one another. It is also conceivable that an insertion end is covered in sections with casing sections that are designed differently from one another and can differ in terms of their properties. For example, one end of the insertion end can be covered with a different casing section than a middle piece of the insertion end, with any variants being conceivable. Preferably, the casing section is intended to be placed and advantageously wrapped around the insertion end instead of the core before the insertion end is inserted. Particularly preferably, the casing section is intended to increase a diameter and/or a cross section of the insertion end by means of a casing, in particular in order to adapt this to a diameter and/or a cross section of the core.

In particular, the casing section is at least at temperatures of at least -25°C, advantageously at least -35°C and particularly advantageously at least -50°C and/or at temperatures of up to 70°C, advantageously up to 80°C and Particularly advantageous: temperature resistant up to 100°C. Here, “temperature-resistant” at a certain temperature is intended to mean in particular that the casing section is able to remain at this temperature for at least one hour and advantageously for at least one day and preferably a subsequent cooling or heating to 0 ° C and / or to 20 ° C survives without damage.

The casing section is advantageously at least partially and preferably at least largely made of plastic. Preferably, the casing section is designed to be multi-layered and/or multi-layered, wherein layers and/or layers of the casing section can advantageously be connected to one another, in particular non-positively and/or positively, preferably glued and/or woven and/or sewn and/or intertwined. The casing section advantageously has at least one layer, in particular a surface layer, which is formed at least partially and preferably at least to a large extent from a rubber, in particular from a synthetic rubber, advantageously from a polychloroprene rubber. Particularly advantageously, the casing section has at least one surface layer arranged on an upper side and at least one surface layer arranged on an underside, each of which is at least partially and advantageously at least largely made of rubber. The expression “to at least a large part” should be understood to mean in particular at least 55%, advantageously at least 65%, preferably at least 75%, particularly preferably at least 85% and particularly advantageously at least 95%, but in particular also completely.

In particular, the casing section has a width of at least 7 mm, advantageously at least 10 mm, particularly advantageously at least 15 mm and preferably at least 20 mm and/or at most 60 mm, advantageously at most 50 mm, particularly advantageously at most 40 mm and preferably at most 30 mm. For example, the casing section can have a width of 20 mm or 25 mm. Depending on the application and in particular depending on the diameter d of the rope and/or on a diameter and/or cross section of the insertion end, other, in particular larger or smaller, widths are also conceivable. For example, in the case of a width of at least substantially 20 mm or at least substantially 25 mm, the casing section can have a thickness of at least 1.5 mm, advantageously at least 1.8 mm and particularly advantageously at least 2 mm and/or at most 5 mm, advantageously of at most 4 mm and particularly advantageously at most 3.8 mm. For example, in the case of a width of at least substantially 15 mm, the casing section may have a thickness of at least 0.7 mm, advantageously at least 0.9 mm and particularly advantageously at least 1 mm and/or at most 3 mm, advantageously at most 2 mm and particularly advantageously at most 1.65 mm. For example, in the case of a width of at least substantially 10 mm, the casing section can have a thickness of at least 0.5 mm, advantageously at least 0.6 mm and particularly advantageously at least 0.7 mm and/or at most 2 mm, advantageously at most 1.5 mm and particularly advantageously of at most 0.95 mm. In this context, “at least substantially” is intended to mean in particular that a deviation from a predetermined value corresponds in particular to less than 20%, preferably less than 10% and particularly preferably less than 5% of the predetermined value.

In particular, in a state that wraps around an insertion end, the sheathing section has a winding angle of at least 10°, preferably of at least 15°, advantageously of at least 20°, particularly advantageously of at least 30°, preferably of at least 35° and particularly preferably of at most 40°. A “winding angle” is to be understood in particular as an angle which encloses a side edge of the casing section which wraps around an insertion end with a plane running perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the insertion end. Depending on the application and in particular depending on the diameter d of the rope and/or on a diameter and/or a cross section of the insertion end, other, in particular larger or smaller, winding angles are also conceivable. In particular, the side edges of the casing section touch each other in the state that wraps around the insertion end. In particular, in the state that wraps around the insertion end, the sheathing section is wrapped without overlapping with itself and/or with further sheathing sections around the insertion end, in particular around the entire area of the insertion end which is inserted into the rope instead of the core. In particular, in the state that wraps around the insertion end, the sheathing section is wrapped completely around the insertion end, in particular around the entire area of the insertion end that is inserted into the rope instead of the core.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that a test insertion end inserted into a test cable piece with N stranded longitudinal elements and covered with a test piece of the sheathing section has a length of at most 50*d, advantageously at most 45*d, particularly advantageously at most 40*d, preferred of at most 35*d and particularly preferably of at most 30*d, in particular in at least one test test, a pull-out force in kN of at least d ² *0.68/N*0.04, advantageously of at least d ² *0.68/N *0.1, particularly advantageously of at least d ² *0.68/N*0.2, preferably of at least d ² *0.68/N*0.4 and particularly preferably of at least d ² *0.68/N *0.6 withstands. In this way, a high degree of mechanical reliability and/or resilience of a splice can advantageously be achieved. In addition, a compact splice, in particular with short insertion ends, with a long service life can advantageously be provided. A diameter d of the test rope piece advantageously corresponds at least essentially to the diameter d of the rope. Preferably, in the test experiment, the test cable piece is in a pre-tensioned state and under tensile load of the test insertion end at least 1000 times, advantageously at least 2000 times, particularly advantageously at least 5000 times, preferably at least 10,000 times and particularly preferably at least 15,000 times, in particular each time at least 90°, advantageously in each case by at least 120° and preferably in each case by at least 150° around at least one test disk with a diameter of at most 80*d, advantageously at most 60*d and particularly advantageously at most 40*d, bendable without damage. In particular, a section of the test insertion end inserted into the test cable piece has a length of at most 50*d, advantageously at most 40*d, particularly advantageously at most 30*d. In particular, during the test test, the test cable piece can be bendable without damage alternately around two opposite and advantageously curved test disks in the opposite direction by the specified angle as a total angle, for example by 45° around a first of the test disks and by 45° around a second of the test disks. The test insertion end is advantageously designed analogously to the insertion end covered with the sheathing section and in particular is sheathed in the same way with an identically designed sheathing section. In addition, the test rope piece is advantageously designed analogously to the rope. It is conceivable that the test cable piece includes a plurality of insertion ends. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the test cable piece comprises an entire test splice. The test rope piece advantageously comprises only one test insertion end, which is preferably inserted into the interior of the test rope piece at one end instead of its core. The fact that the test cable piece is “bendable without damage” should be understood in particular to mean that the test insertion end and/or the test insertion ends of the test cable piece, in particular after running through the test experiment, preferably in the prestressed state of the test insertion end and/or the test cable piece, for example under a pretensioning force per cross-sectional area A of the test cable piece of at least 60 N/mm ² , preferably of at least 250 N/mm ² and advantageously of at least 500 N/mm ² . The phrase “remain in perseverance” is intended to mean, in particular, that the test rope piece is at least essentially free from slipping and/or settlement of a test insertion end under the effect of the pretensioning force, in particular relative to a remainder of the test rope piece. The fact that the test rope piece is “substantially free from settlement and/or slipping” is intended to mean, in particular, that an extent of settlement and/or slipping of the test insertion end, in particular relative to a remainder of the test rope piece, after passing through the Test experiment is smaller than a diameter of the test rope piece, preferably smaller than half a diameter of the test rope piece, preferably smaller than a quarter diameter of the test rope piece and particularly preferably smaller than a diameter of the core of the test rope piece.

A reliable and long-lasting splice in the case of a combined bending and tensile load, for example when operating in a cable car, can be provided in particular if, in the test experiment, the test rope piece has a preload force per cross-sectional area A of the test rope piece of at least 60 N/mm ² , advantageous of at least 100 N/mm ² , advantageously of at least 200 N/mm ² , preferably of at least 300 N/mm ² and particularly preferably of at least 500 N/mm ² , particularly in the case of a six-strand rope.

Furthermore, a test piece of the sheathing section according to the invention, which covers the test insertion end with a length of at most 50 * d, which is inserted into the test cable piece with N stranded longitudinal elements, has a shear modulus of at least 1 MPa, advantageously of at least 5 MPa and preferably of at least 30 MPa, in particular in a test experiment analogous to the test experiment described above. In this way, a high degree of mechanical reliability and/or resilience of a splice can advantageously be achieved. In addition, a compact splice, in particular a long splice with short insertion ends, with a long service life can advantageously be provided. In a further embodiment of the invention it is proposed that the casing section has at least a first region and at least a second region, which are at least of a texture parameter. In this way, a high degree of variability can advantageously be achieved with regard to adapting a sheathing element to specific expected loads. Advantageously, the first area and the second area differ in terms of different texture parameters, in particular in terms of at least two texture parameters. Preferably, the casing section in the first area has a different hardness, in particular a different Shore A hardness, than the second area. In particular, the casing section in the second region has a Shore A hardness of at least 70, advantageously at least 75 and particularly advantageously at least 80 and/or at most 95 and advantageously at most 90, for example a Shore A hardness of 85 In particular, the casing section in the first region has a Shore A hardness of at least 60, advantageously at least 65 and particularly advantageously at least 70 and/or at most 85 and advantageously at most 80, for example a Shore A hardness of 75. Preferably, a Shore A hardness of the casing section in the second region is at least 5 and advantageously at least 10 greater than in the first region. In addition, it is conceivable that the first area and the second area differ in terms of a material and/or an elasticity and/or a temperature resistance and/or a coefficient of friction or the like. The first area and/or the second area advantageously extend over an entire width of the casing section. The first area and the second area can be arranged adjacent to one another or at a distance from one another. For example, the first area and the second area can be arranged on different sides of the casing section. However, an arrangement on a common page is also conceivable. Preferably, the first region and/or the second region in a projection onto an upper side of the casing element has an area of at least 2 cm ² , advantageously of at least 10 cm ² , particularly advantageously of at least 25 cm ² and preferably of at least 50 cm ² . In particular, the first region and/or second region has a width of at least 0.5 cm and advantageously of at least 1 cm and/or a length of at least 5 cm and advantageously of at least 10 cm.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the first area and the second area differ with regard to a surface structure of the casing section. This makes it possible to advantageously achieve high pull-out forces for coated insert ends become. The casing section advantageously has a greater roughness in the first area than in the second area. The casing section preferably has a smooth and/or ground surface in the second region. Particularly preferably, the casing section has at least one surface structuring in the first region. The surface structuring can include regular and/or irregular structuring. The surface structuring preferably comprises at least one regular arrangement of, in particular diamond-shaped, structural elements, preferably elevations and/or depressions. Alternatively or additionally, structural elements with round, in particular circular, polygonal, elliptical, rounded and/or freely shaped cross-sections are conceivable. In particular, at least in the first region, the casing section has at least one surface with an average roughness of at least 0.001*D, advantageously of at least 0.005*D and particularly advantageously of at least 0.01*D, where D is a thickness of the casing section. In principle, it is also conceivable that the casing section in the second region has a surface structuring, preferably with a lower roughness compared to the first region.

In addition, it is proposed that the first region comprises an underside of the casing section and the second region comprises a top side of the casing section. In particular, the top side of the casing section and the underside of the casing section differ at least with regard to the at least one texture parameter. The casing section advantageously has a smooth, advantageously ground top side and/or a structured underside. In this way, a reliable fit of the casing section on an insertion end and/or a high pull-out force of the correspondingly covered insertion end can advantageously be achieved.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that the casing section has a tear strength, in particular in the longitudinal direction of the casing section, of at least 15 N/mm ² , advantageously of at least 20 N/mm ² and particularly advantageously of at least 25 N/mm ² . For example, in the case of a width of 20 mm or 25 mm and/or a thickness between 1.8 mm and 3.6 mm, such as 2 mm or 3 mm, the casing section can be a Have a tear strength of at least 1000 N, advantageously at least 2000 N, particularly advantageously at least 3000 N and preferably at least 4000 N. However, smaller absolute tensile strength values are also conceivable for smaller widths and/or smaller thicknesses. In this way, a high level of reliability and/or resilience of inserted plug ends can be achieved, in particular when a corresponding splice is subjected to tensile and/or bending loads.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that the casing section has at least one, in particular flat, reinforcement. This can advantageously achieve longevity. In addition, damage to a splice due to bending and/or tensile loads occurring can be avoided. In particular, a main extension plane of the reinforcement extends parallel to a longitudinal axis of the casing section, at least in an unwound and/or unrolled state of the casing section. Preferably, the reinforcement forms an internal layer of the casing section and/or arranged between the top and bottom of the casing section. The reinforcement advantageously comprises at least one fabric, in particular a plastic fabric, and/or is designed as such. In particular, the reinforcement is at least partially and advantageously formed at least largely from polyester and/or polyamide. The reinforcement is preferably a polyester/polyamide fabric. The casing section advantageously has at least a first surface layer, preferably as mentioned above made of a rubber, at least a second surface layer, preferably as mentioned above made of a rubber, and the reinforcement, with the reinforcement being particularly advantageously arranged between the first surface layer and the second surface layer . Particularly advantageously, the casing section comprises at least a first adhesive layer which is arranged directly between the first surface layer and the reinforcement and advantageously connects them to one another and/or at least one second adhesive layer which is arranged directly between the reinforcement and the second surface layer and advantageously connects them to one another . In particular, the first adhesive layer and/or the second adhesive layer is a, in particular liquid, rubber adhesive layer, preferably with a thickness of at least 0.05 mm and particularly preferably at least 0.1 mm and/or at most 5 mm and advantageously at most 3 mm, trained. Under one "Main extension plane" of an object is to be understood in particular as a plane which is parallel to a largest side surface of a smallest imaginary cuboid, which just completely encloses the object, and in particular runs through the center of the cuboid.

Damage to a splice, in particular due to bending loads occurring, can be avoided in particular if the sheathing section has an elongation at break, in particular for an elongation of the sheathing section along its longitudinal axis, of at least 10%, advantageously of at least 15%, particularly advantageously of at least 25%, preferably of at least 35% and particularly preferably of at least 40%.

A low material requirement for sheathing material and in particular a low level of manufacturing effort can be achieved in particular if a total length of areas with insertion ends is at most 100*N*d, where N is a number of longitudinal elements of the rope. The total length of regions with insertion ends is advantageously at most 80*N*d, particularly advantageously at most 60*N*d, preferably at most 50*N*d and particularly preferably at most 40*N*d. In particular, at least some of the areas with insertion ends are arranged adjacent to one another, preferably directly, preferably along the longitudinal direction of the rope section. All areas with insertion ends can advantageously be arranged adjacent to one another, in particular directly. In particular, the total length of areas with insertion ends can at least essentially correspond to the length of the splice.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the splice has at least one, preferably exactly one, intermediate region arranged between insertion ends, which contains at least a section of a core and/or a replacement element, in particular a non-metallic one. The replacement element functions in particular as a replacement for the soul. For example, the replacement element can be at least partially made of plastic and/or rubber. A cross section of the replacement element preferably corresponds at least substantially to a cross section of the core. The intermediate region is advantageously arranged in a center of the splice. Particularly advantageously, viewed along the longitudinal direction of the rope section, a first half of all insertion ends of the splice are arranged in front of the intermediate region and a second half of all insertion ends of the splice are arranged behind the intermediate region. In particular points the intermediate region has a length of at least 100*d and advantageously of at least 200*d. In the case that the splice is longer than 600*d, a length of the splice can advantageously be composed of the total length of the areas with insertion ends and a length of the intermediate area. In particular, these lengths can add up to a splice length of 1200*d, in particular for reasons of compliance with standard specifications, although other and advantageously larger lengths are of course also conceivable. For example, in the case of a target length for the splice of 1200*d, the intermediate region can have a length of 600*d and the region with insertion ends can also have a length of 600*d. Likewise, the intermediate area can be correspondingly lengthened and/or the area with insertion ends can be correspondingly shortened. As a result, a splice with a predetermined length can be produced, with manufacturing costs being advantageously reduced due to short insertion ends.

However, the splice is preferably free of such an intermediate piece, so that a splice with a short overall length can advantageously be provided. In particular, it is suggested that the splice has a total length of at most 100*N*d. This can advantageously simplify the production of a splice due to its shortness, especially since a rope to be spliced only needs to be processed on a comparatively short section. In particular, the total length of the splice corresponds to a distance between the outermost insertion ends of the splice, preferably along its longitudinal direction. Preferably, the splice is delimited on opposite end faces by the core of the rope. In particular, peripheral insertion ends of the splice adjoin the core of the rope, the total length of the splice advantageously corresponding to a distance between these peripheral insertion ends, in particular their ends facing the core. The splice advantageously has a total length of at most 80*N*d, particularly advantageously at most 60*N*d, preferably at most 50*N*d and particularly preferably at most 40*N*d. In particular, the splice, for example in the case of a six-strand wire rope, has a length of at most 600*d, advantageously at most 500*d, particularly advantageously at most 400*d, preferably at most 300*d and particularly preferably at most 250*d .

Advantageous properties with regard to a reliable splice, which can be produced in particular quickly and/or in a comparatively small space, can be achieved according to the invention with a rope, in particular an endless rope, which has at least one rope section according to the invention. The rope is advantageously a wire rope. Particularly advantageously, the rope is a traction rope and/or a conveyor rope, in particular of a cable car, advantageously a passenger railway, preferably a light railway and/or a mountain railway. In particular, the rope is a passenger transport wire rope, preferably a light rail wire rope and/or a mountain railway wire rope. Of course, it is also conceivable that the rope is a traction rope and/or a conveyor rope of a material ropeway, in particular a material transport line.

Furthermore, it is proposed according to the invention to use at least one rope according to the invention with at least one rope section according to the invention as a conveyor rope and/or as a pull rope in a passenger transport railway, advantageously in a passenger cable car, preferably in a mountain railway and/or in a city railway. However, use as a conveyor rope and/or as a pull rope in a material ropeway or any other type of ropeway is also conceivable.

The invention also relates to a method for splicing a rope according to claim 11, in particular a wire rope, preferably a passenger transport wire rope, preferably for producing an endless rope, advantageous for a passenger transport railway, for example for a mountain railway and / or a city railway, for the production of at least one as a long splice formed splice at least one insertion end is at least partially encased, in particular wrapped, with at least one sheathing section of at least one sheathing element according to the invention. Preferably, all insertion ends of the splice designed as a long splice are sheathed, in particular wrapped, with sheathing sections which are identical to one another and which advantageously differ at most in terms of length. In particular, several casing sections can come from the same casing element and/or be separated. The process can provide advantageous properties with regard to the production of a Long splices can be achieved. In addition, a manufacturing effort can be advantageous of insertion ends of a long splice can be advantageously reduced. In addition, a long splice with short and easy-to-produce insertion ends can advantageously be provided. A high cost efficiency can advantageously be achieved, especially in combination with a high level of reliability of a manufactured long splice. In particular, a short time required for a splice can be achieved. In addition, a compact and resilient long splice can be provided. Furthermore, splicing of the long splice in a small space and/or over a short length can advantageously be made possible. In particular, a length of a region of a splice connection that is difficult to process can be advantageously reduced by means of the long splice.

Advantageously, the insertion end covered with the sheathing section, in particular after its sheathing, is inserted between the other longitudinal elements over a length of at most 40*d, particularly advantageously at most 30*d, preferably at most 25*d and particularly preferably at most 20*d . Advantageously, several insertion ends are inserted over a corresponding length of at most 50*d, particularly advantageously all insertion ends of the splice, in particular each in a sheathed state.

A splice designed as a long splice is advantageously produced, the total length of which is at most 80*N*d, particularly advantageously at most 60*N*d, preferably at most 50*N*d and particularly preferably at most 40*N*d. In particular, for example in the case of a six-strand wire rope, a splice is produced whose length is at most 600*d, advantageously at most 500*d, particularly advantageously at most 400*d, preferably at most 300*d and particularly preferably at most 250*d.

In particular, in the method for splicing the rope by means of the long splice, the sheathing element is wound onto the insertion end under a tensile force. In particular, the tensile force with which the sheathing element is wound onto the insertion end is at least 1 kg, preferably at least 5 kg, advantageously at least 10 kg, particularly advantageously at least 15 kg, preferably at least 25 kg and particularly preferably at most 50 kg.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the splice designed as a long splice be made in one piece, in particular without advancing the splice in an unfinished state, in an area with a length of at most 1200*d, advantageously at most 1000*d, particularly advantageously at most 800* d and preferably of a maximum of 600*d. In this context, “pushing” should be understood to mean, in particular, pushing and/or pulling of the splice in a partially completed state, in particular in a longitudinal direction of the rope. In particular, advancing can be understood as moving an already completed section of the unfinished splice out of a processing area, in particular accompanied by moving a not yet completed further section of the unfinished splice into the processing area. For example, the area can be located within a valley station, a mountain station, a cable car station or the like, in particular with a limited amount of space, for example with a limited length. In particular, the entire splice is manufactured in one piece and/or within the area without feeding. As a result, manufacturing costs can be reduced. In addition, this makes it possible to splice a splice designed as a long splice in a confined space, for example in narrow stations, in particular cable car stations, for example in cities and/or on mountain slopes and/or peaks where available space is limited.

A sheathing element according to the invention and a method according to the invention for splicing a rope should not be limited to the application and embodiment described above. In particular, a sheathing element according to the invention and a method according to the invention can have a number of individual elements, components, units and method steps that deviate from the number of individual elements, components, units and method steps mentioned herein and/or any sensible combination thereof in order to fulfill a function of operation described herein. In addition, in the value ranges specified in this disclosure, values lying within the stated limits should also be considered disclosed and can be used in any way.

drawings

Further advantages result from the following drawing description. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. The drawings that The description and the claims contain numerous features in combination. The person skilled in the art will also expediently consider the features individually and combine them into further sensible combinations.

Fig. 1

eine Personenbeförderungsbahn mit einem Seil in einer schematischen Darstellung,

Fig. 2

das Seil in einem nicht gespleißten Zustand in einer schematischen Darstellung,

Fig. 3

das Seil in einer schematischen Querschnittdarstellung,

Fig. 4

einen Seilabschnitt des Seils mit einem Spleiß in einer schematischen Darstellung,

Fig. 5

eine Spleißstelle des Spleißes in einer schematischen Längsschnittdarstellung,

Fig. 6

ein Einsteckende des Spleißes mit einem Ummantelungsabschnitt in einer schematischen Draufsicht,

Fig. 7

einen Teil des Ummantelungsabschnitts in einer schematischen Schnittdarstellung,

Fig. 8

eine Oberseite des Ummantelungsabschnitts in einer schematischen Draufsicht,

Fig. 9

ein Testseilstück des Seils bei einem Testversuch in einer schematischen Darstellung,

Fig. 10

ein schematisches Ablaufdiagramm eines Verfahrens zum Spleißen des Seils und

Fig. 11

ein alternatives Ummantelungselement in einer schematischen perspektivischen Darstellung.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a passenger transport railway with a rope in a schematic representation,

Fig. 2

the rope in an unspliced state in a schematic representation,

Fig. 3

the rope in a schematic cross-sectional representation,

Fig. 4

a rope section of the rope with a splice in a schematic representation,

Fig. 5

a splice point of the splice in a schematic longitudinal sectional representation,

Fig. 6

an insertion end of the splice with a sheathing section in a schematic top view,

Fig. 7

a part of the casing section in a schematic sectional view,

Fig. 8

a top side of the casing section in a schematic top view,

Fig. 9

a test rope piece of the rope during a test experiment in a schematic representation,

Fig. 10

a schematic flowchart of a method for splicing the rope and

Fig. 11

an alternative sheathing element in a schematic perspective view.

Description of the exemplary embodiments

The Figure 1 shows a passenger conveyor 92a with a rope 12a in a schematic representation. The passenger transport line 92a is a cable car. The passenger transport railway 92a can be, for example, a mountain railway. The passenger transport railway 92a is advantageously a light rail system. It is conceivable that this overcomes a height difference. It is also conceivable that the passenger railway 92a runs at least essentially horizontally. The passenger conveyor track 92a may have supports, not shown. In addition, the passenger transport track 92a can have several sections with different gradients, in particular also sections with a positive gradient and sections with a negative gradient. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the passenger transport line 92a runs at least in sections underground. In the present case, the rope 12a is a conveyor rope. The rope 12a is used as a conveyor rope in the passenger conveyor 92a. It is also conceivable to use it as a pull rope, in particular in addition to a separate support rope. In principle, it is also conceivable that the rope 12a is part of a material cableway, in particular a material mountain railway and/or a material city railway. In general, the rope 12a can be used as a pull rope and/or as a conveyor rope in a cable car and/or be part of it.

In the present case, the rope 12a is a wire rope, in particular a steel rope. However, the rope 12a can be designed at least in sections as a plastic rope and/or a composite material rope or the like. The rope 12a has at least one rope section 10a with at least one splice 14a. In the present case, the splice 14a is a long splice. In addition, the splice 14a in the present case is a wire rope splice. The rope 12a is an endless rope. In particular, the rope 12a is an endless rope spliced by means of the splice 14a.

The Figure 2 shows a rope 90a intended to be spliced by means of the splice 14a of the rope section 10a. In particular, the rope 90a corresponds to the rope 12a of the passenger conveyor 92a in its unspliced state. By splicing the rope 90a, the rope 12a of the passenger transport track 92a, which is designed as an endless rope, can be produced. For example, the rope 90a is wound on a drum and transported to an installation location, in particular a location on the passenger transport line 92a, and spliced there. The rope 90a can be manufactured at another location, for example in a rope factory.

The Figure 3 shows the rope section 10a in a schematic cross-sectional representation. In particular, in the Figure 3 an area of the rope section 10a different from the splice 14a is shown. A cross section of the rope 12a is designed accordingly. The rope section 10a and in particular the rope 12a has a number of N Longitudinal elements 16a-26a. In the present case N=6. As mentioned above, however, any other number of longitudinal elements 16a-26a is conceivable, in particular a number of five, seven, eight, ten, twelve or an even larger number. In the present case, the longitudinal elements 16a-26a are strands, in particular wire strands. Wire bundles or individual wires, composite wires, core-shell longitudinal elements or the like are also conceivable.

In the present case, the longitudinal elements 16a-26a are at least essentially identical or identical to one another. In particular, the longitudinal elements 16a-26a have an at least substantially identical or identical cross section. In addition, the longitudinal elements 16a-26a can have an at least substantially identical or identical lay length and/or lay direction. The rope 12a can be a cross-lay rope and is preferably a cross-lay rope. In principle, it is conceivable that the rope section 10a and/or the rope 12a has differently designed longitudinal elements 16a-26a, which differ, for example, in terms of a cross section, a material, a tensile strength, a lay length, a lay direction or the like.

The rope 12a and in the present case at least an edge region of the rope section 10a has a core 94a. The soul 94a can, for example, be at least partially made of plastic. The longitudinal elements 16a-26a are arranged around the core 94a, in particular at even intervals. In particular, the longitudinal elements 16a-26a run spirally around the core 94a. The longitudinal elements 16a-26a are stranded around the core 94a.

In the present case, the core 94a has a cross section that is larger than a cross section of the longitudinal elements 16a-26a. In addition, the core 94a advantageously has a cross section with circular segment-shaped recesses and/or indentations for the longitudinal elements 16a-26a, which advantageously follow a spiral-like course in accordance with a stranding of the longitudinal elements 16a-26a around the core 94a.

The longitudinal elements 16a-26a are advantageously arranged around the core 94a in such a way that they are free of contact with one another at least outside the splice 14a. In particular, longitudinal sides of the longitudinal elements 16a-26 are arranged without contact with one another, at least outside of the splice 14a. Additionally, it is conceivable that Longitudinal inserts are arranged between the longitudinal elements 16a-26a, which in particular run parallel to them around the core 94a and advantageously create a spacing between the longitudinal elements 16a-26a. Such longitudinal inserts are advantageously made of a softer material than the longitudinal elements 16a-26a, for example plastic, rubber, a composite material or the like. In addition, the rope 12a or the rope section 10a and/or at least one, in particular several or even all, of the longitudinal elements 16a-26a can have at least one coating, for example an anti-corrosion coating and/or a plastic coating or the like.

The rope section 10a and in particular the rope 12a has a diameter d. In particular, the diameter d corresponds to a diameter of a smallest circle surrounding the rope section 10a, in particular its cross section. In the present case, the rope 12a is a round rope, in particular a circular rope. In principle, however, it is also conceivable that the rope 12a is polygonal or elliptical. In the present case, the diameter d can be, for example, 70 mm, although, as mentioned above, any other diameter is conceivable.

The Figure 4 shows the rope section 10a of the rope 12a with the splice 14a in a schematic representation. The longitudinal elements 16a-26a are in the Figure 4 For reasons of clarity, they are shown parallel and next to each other, although, as mentioned, these can be stranded and / or run spirally around the core 94a. The representation of the rope section 10a and in particular the splice 14a in the Figure 4 is therefore to be understood as a splice scheme and does not necessarily reflect an actual geometry of the cable section 10a and/or its splice 14a.

At least one of the longitudinal elements 16a has at least one insertion end 28a, which is inserted at least in sections between other longitudinal elements 16a-26a. The insertion end 28a is inserted between the longitudinal elements 16a-26a instead of the core 94a.

In the present case, all longitudinal elements 16a-26a each have two insertion ends 28a-50a. The insertion ends 28a-50a are inserted in the manner of a long splice instead of the core 94a. In particular, the splice includes 14a twelve insertion ends 28a-50a, with a different number of insertion ends being conceivable, particularly in the case of a rope with a number of longitudinal elements other than six.

In its edge areas, the rope section 10a has the sections 114a, 116a of the core 94a. The sections 114a, 116a of the core 94a delimit the splice 14a in the present case.

The insertion end 28a has a length of at most 50*d. In the present case, the insertion end 28a has, for example, a length of 40*d, although, as mentioned above, other lengths are also conceivable.

Furthermore, the longitudinal elements 16a-26a each have at least one insertion end 28a-50a with a length of at most 50*d. In the case shown, each of the longitudinal elements 16a-26a has two insertion ends 28a-50a with a length of at most 50*d, for example with a length of 40*d each.

The splice 14a has at least one splice point 84a. The Figure 5 shows the splice point 84a of the splice 14a in a schematic longitudinal sectional view. The splice point 84a is only shown schematically, and length ratios in particular do not have to be reproduced correctly. The splice 84a includes a splice node 120a. Furthermore, the splice point 84a includes two insertion ends 28a, 38a inserted in opposite directions.

In the present case, the insertion ends 28a, 38a each extend from a center 122a of the splice node 120a to their inserted ends, which are in the Figure 5 are not shown. The insertion ends 28a, 38a can each have an inserted section and a section arranged on a surface of the splice 14a, the latter in particular forming a part of the splice node 120a. In the present case, the longitudinal elements 16a-26a, which have the insertion ends 28a, 38a, also run together in a known manner on the surface of the splice 14a in an area of the splice node 120a. In the present case, the longitudinal elements 16a-26a cross each other. In particular, the splice node 120a is a cross node.

Below we will return to the Figure 4 Referenced. The splice 14a has a total length of at most 100*N*d. In the present case, the splice 14a has a Total length of a maximum of 600*d. The total length of the splice 14a corresponds to a length of a section between the sections 114a, 116a of the core 94a in the longitudinal direction 118a of the cable section 10a. In the present case, the total length of the splice 14a is approximately 530*d, although, as mentioned above, other total lengths are conceivable.

Furthermore, a total length of a region 76a with insertion ends 28a-50a is at most 100*N*d. In the present case, a total length of the area 76a with insertion ends 28a-50a corresponds to the total length of the splice 14a. In particular, the splice 14a is free of areas, in particular with a length of at least 10*d, without insertion ends 28a-50a. However, it is also conceivable that the splice 14a has at least one area without insertion ends 28a-50a, for example a middle section, which advantageously has a section of the core 94a and/or a replacement element for the core 94a.

The splice 14a has a plurality of splices 84a, 104a-112a which are arranged at at least substantially regular intervals. In the present case, all splice points 84a, 104a-112a of splice 14a are arranged at regular intervals. Distances between immediately adjacent splice points 84a, 104a-112a are at least essentially identical or identical, in particular due to an identical length of the insertion ends 28a-50a.

The Figure 6 shows an insertion end 28a of the splice 14a with a sheathing section 152a of a sheathing element 150a in a schematic top view. The insertion end 28a is covered with the casing section 152a. In the present case, all insertion ends 28a-50a of the splice 14a of the cable section 10a are covered with sheathing sections 152a of sheathing elements 150a that are identical to one another. These casing sections 152a are in the Figures 4 and 5 For reasons of clarity, not shown and accordingly not provided with reference numbers.

The covering section 152a is suitable for allowing the splice 14a to be manufactured with a length of less than 100*N*d. Alternatively or additionally, the jacket portion 152a is adapted to permit production of the splice 14a with a total length of areas with insertion ends 28a-50a that is less than 100*N*d. As mentioned above, such areas may be separated from one another by areas of splice 14a without male ends 28a-50a. In the present case, the jacket portion 152a is suitable for allowing the splice 14a to be manufactured with a length of less than 80*N*d and advantageously, as mentioned above, with an even smaller length. In particular, the splice 14a, whose insertion ends 28a-50a are all covered with sheathing sections 152a according to the invention, has a breaking strength, in particular a tensile strength, which is at most 20%, advantageously at most 10% and particularly advantageously at most 5% smaller than a breaking strength, in particular a tensile strength of the rope 12a in a section of the rope 12a other than the splice 14a, preferably a section without a splice 14a and/or without insertion ends 28a-50a.

In the present case, the sheathing element 150a is a band, in particular a splice band. The casing section 152a is at least one, in particular separated and/or cut-off, piece of the casing element 150a. However, the shroud portion 152a may also include the entire shroud member 150a. In the present case, the sheathing element 150a can, for example, originally be in the form of a rolled-up strip with a length of approximately 25 m, although any other smaller or larger lengths are of course also conceivable. It is also conceivable that several, for example two or three or four, casing elements 150a are rolled into a common roll.

The male end 28a is wrapped with the cover portion 152a. The sheathing section 152a can be wrapped around the insertion end 28a multiple times and/or at least partially overlapping itself. The insertion end 28a is advantageously wrapped with a single casing section 152a. Particularly advantageously, the casing section 152a is wrapped around the insertion end 28a without overlapping itself. In particular, side edges of the casing section 152a abut one another in a state that wraps around the insertion end 28a. In the state surrounding the insertion end 28a, the casing section 152a advantageously forms an at least substantially flat surface around the insertion end 28a, which in particular has an at least essentially constant diameter over the entire insertion end 28a. A wrapping with several sheathing sections 152a is also conceivable, in particular depending on a length of the insertion end 28a and/or a diameter of the insertion end 28a in comparison to a diameter of the core 94a. In the present case, the insertion end 28a is covered with the casing section 152a in such a way that its cross section and/or diameter is enlarged in accordance with a cross section and/or diameter of the core 94a.

The Figure 7 shows part of the casing section 152a in a schematic sectional view. The Figure 8 shows a top side 160a of the casing section 152a in a schematic top view. The casing section 152a is in the Figure 7 shown in an unrolled state and/or not wrapped around the insertion end 28a.

In the present case, the casing section 152a has a width of approximately 20 mm, although, as mentioned above, any other widths are also conceivable. In addition, the casing section 152a in the present case has a thickness of approximately 3 mm, this value also being understood as an example.

The casing section 152a has at least a first region 156a and at least a second region 158a, which differ with respect to at least one texture parameter. In particular, the casing section 152a is designed differently in the first region 156a than in the second region 158a.

In the present case, the first region 156a comprises an underside 162a of the casing section 152a and the second region 158a comprises the top side 160a of the casing section 152a. In particular, the top 160a and the bottom 162a of the casing portion 152a differ in terms of the texture parameter.

The first area 156a and the second area 158a differ in a surface structure of the casing portion 152a. In the present case, the casing section 152a has a greater roughness in the first area 156a than in the second area 158a. Advantageously, a surface of the casing section 152a in the second region 158a is smooth, in particular fabric-smooth, advantageously ground. In addition, a surface of the casing section 152a in the first region 156a is advantageously rough and/or structured. In this case it is the top 160a of the casing section 152a smooth. In addition, in the present case, the underside 162a of the casing section 152a is structured.

In the present case, the casing section 152a has a surface structuring 166a in the first region 156a. In the present case, the surface structuring 166a comprises a plurality of structural elements 168a, 170a, not all of which are provided with reference numbers for reasons of clarity. In the present case, the structural elements 168a, 170a are designed as elevations. Alternatively or additionally, depressions are conceivable. In the present case, the surface structuring 166a forms a regular pattern, in particular a diamond pattern. In particular, the surface structuring 166a includes a diamond profile. The structural elements 168a, 170a are advantageously diamond-shaped, although, as mentioned above, any other cross-sections are conceivable. The structural elements 168a, 170a advantageously have a cross section of at least 3 mm ² , particularly advantageously of at least 5 mm ² and preferably of at least 10 mm ² , although larger or smaller cross sections are also conceivable.

Furthermore, in the present case, the casing section 152a has a lower Shore A hardness in the first area 156a than in the second area 158a. For example, the casing section 152a may have a Shore A hardness of 75 in the first region 156a and/or a Shore A hardness of approximately 85 in the second region 158a.

Furthermore, it is conceivable that the first region 156a and the second region 158a differ with regard to further texture parameters such as a material and/or a material thickness and/or generally a geometry or the like.

The casing section 152a has at least one reinforcement 164a. In the present case, the reinforcement 164a is a reinforcement layer. The reinforcement 164a comprises at least one fabric 174a, in particular a polyester/polyamide fabric, although other materials are also conceivable as mentioned above. The reinforcement 164a is flat.

The casing section 152a is designed in multiple layers. In the present case, the cladding section 152a comprises a first surface layer 176a. The first Surface layer 176a forms the top 160a of the casing portion 152a. In addition, the casing section 152a includes a second surface layer 178a. The second surface layer 178a forms the bottom 162a of the casing portion 152a. In the present case, the first surface layer 176a and/or the second surface layer 178a is at least partially and preferably completely made of plastic, in particular made of rubber, advantageously made of polychloroprene rubber.

Furthermore, the covering section 152a includes a first adhesive layer 180a. The first adhesive layer 180a connects the first surface layer 176a to the reinforcement 164a. The first adhesive layer 180a is disposed immediately between the first surface layer 176a and the reinforcement 164a. In addition, the covering portion 152a includes a second adhesive layer 182a. The second adhesive layer 182a connects the second surface layer 178a to the reinforcement 164a. The second adhesive layer 182a is arranged immediately between the reinforcement 164a and the second surface layer 178a. The first adhesive layer 180a and/or the second adhesive layer 182a is advantageously designed as a, in particular liquid, rubber adhesive layer. Preferably, the first adhesive layer 180a and/or the second adhesive layer 182a have a thickness between 0.1 mm and 0.3 mm.

The casing section 152a has a tear strength of at least 15 N/mm ² , in particular parallel to a longitudinal direction 172a of the casing section 152a. In the present case, the casing section 152a advantageously has a tear strength of at least 25 N/mm ² .

Furthermore, the casing section 152a has an elongation at break of at least 10%, in particular in the event of an expansion in the longitudinal direction 172a of the casing section 152a. In the present case, the casing section 152a advantageously has an elongation at break of at least 15% and particularly advantageously of at least 25%.

The Figure 9 shows a test rope piece 98a of the rope 12a during a test test in a schematic representation. The test rope piece 98a has an identical structure in sections to that of the rope 12a, in particular in an area which is different from the rope section 10a and is advantageously not spliced. In addition, the test rope piece 98a has at least one test insertion end 100a. In the present case, the test cable piece 98a has exactly one test insertion end 100a. The test insertion end 100a is inserted at one end of the test cable piece 98a between its longitudinal elements, which are not shown individually, instead of a core (not shown) of the test cable piece 98a. In particular, the test cable piece 98a has a number of N such longitudinal elements.

The test insertion end 100a is advantageously designed to be identical to the insertion ends 28a-50a of the splice 14a. In particular, the test insertion end 100a is covered with a test piece 154a of the casing section 152a, in particular analogous to the insertion end 28a. The test piece 154a of the casing section 152a is advantageously designed identically to the casing section 152a and advantageously differs at most in terms of length. However, the test insertion end 100a can be inserted into the test cable piece 98a from the end thereof and not laterally at a splice point. In principle, however, it is also conceivable that the test cable piece 98a comprises at least a section of a test splice or an entire test splice.

During the test, the test insertion end 100a is under a tensile load. In addition, the test test is carried out under tensile load on the test cable piece 98a. During the test test, the test insertion end 100a can be bent at least 1000 times around a test disk 102a with a diameter of at most 80*d without causing damage.

In the present case, the test insertion end 100a can, for example, be bent at least 2000 times by at least 90° each time and advantageously by at least 150° each time. The diameter of the test disk 102a can also advantageously be at most 60*d or at most 40*d. Using the test experiment, for example, a rotation of the splice 14a around a drive pulley of a cable car can be simulated. The insertion ends 28a-50a of the splice 14a are designed in such a way that a test insertion end 100a designed identically to them survives the test test described without damage.

During the test, the test cable piece 98a is pretensioned with a pretensioning force per cross-sectional area A of at least 60 N/mm2. The test cable piece 98a is advantageously prestressed in the test test with a prestressing force per cross-sectional area of at least 500 N/mm2.

The test insertion end 100a, which is covered with the test piece 154a of the sheathing section 152a, withstands a pull-out force in kN of at least d ² *0.68/N*0.1 during the test test. The test insertion end 100a advantageously withstands a pull-out force of at least d ² *0.68/N*0.2 and particularly advantageously of at least d ² *0.68/N*0.4. In the present case, each of the insertion ends 28a-50a of the splice 14a withstands a correspondingly high pull-out force.

A test piece 154a of the sheath portion 152a, which covers the test insertion end 100a with the length of at most 50*d, which is inserted into the test rope piece 98a, withstands a shear modulus of at least 1 MPa. Advantageously, the test piece 154a of the casing section 152a, which encases the test insertion end 100a, withstands a shear modulus of at least 30 MPa. In the present case, each of the casing sections 152a, which wraps around the insertion ends 28a-50a of the splice 14a designed as a long splice, withstands a correspondingly high shear modulus.

The Figure 10 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method for splicing the rope 90a (cf. Figure 2 ), in particular the rope 12a of the passenger conveyor 92a (cf. Figure 1 ) is manufactured. In a first method step 138a, the rope 90a with a diameter d, in particular a nominal diameter d, is provided with a plurality of stranded longitudinal elements 16a-26a, for example delivered to a location on the passenger transport line 92a. In a second method step 140a, the splice 14a is produced by splicing the rope 90a. To produce the splice 14a, at least one insertion end 28a-50a is sheathed at least in sections with the sheathing section 152a of the sheathing element 150a. In particular, the at least one insertion end 28a-50a is wrapped with the casing section 152a, advantageously in such a way that its diameter and/or cross section corresponds at least substantially to a diameter and/or cross section of the core 94a. In the present case, all insertion ends 28a-50a are covered with corresponding casing sections 152a. Depending on the length of the insertion ends 28a-50a or the sheathing sections 152a, several sheathing sections 152a can be used for each insertion end 28a-50a. Alternatively, a single shroud portion 152a may be used.

To produce the splice 14a, in the present case at least one end region of at least one of the longitudinal elements 16a-26a is inserted in a covered state as an insertion end 28a-50a between other longitudinal elements 16a-26a over a length of at most 50*d, for example over a length of 40 *d. In the present case, all insertion ends 28a-50a are inserted over a length of at most 50*d each, for example over a length of 40*d each.

Advantageously, in the second method step 140a, the splice 14a is manufactured in one piece in an area 96a with a length of at most 1200*d (see also Figure 1 ). The splice 14a is manufactured in an unfinished state, in particular without advancing it. In the present case, the region 96a has a length of at most 900*d and advantageously at most 700*d. In particular, the area 96a can, in particular only, comprise a maximum space available for splicing, for example in the case of a limited space in a cable car station 146a of the passenger transport railway 92a.

In the Figure 11 Another embodiment of the invention is shown. The following description is essentially limited to the differences between the exemplary embodiments, with regard to the same components, features and functions being referred to the description of the exemplary embodiment Figures 1 to 10 can be referred. To distinguish between the exemplary embodiments, the letter a is in the reference numerals of the exemplary embodiment in the Figures 1 to 10 by the letter b in the reference numbers of the exemplary embodiment Figure 11 replaced. With regard to components with the same designation, in particular with regard to components with the same reference numerals, one can in principle also refer to the drawings and/or the description of the exemplary embodiment Figures 1 to 10 to get expelled.

The Figure 11 shows an alternative casing section 152b of an alternative casing element 150b in a schematic perspective view. The alternative casing section 152b is designed like a hose. The alternative jacket portion 152b is intended to be pulled over a male end, not shown, of a splice, not shown. In particular, when making the splice, the male end may be covered by pulling over the alternative covering portion 152b rather than wrapping it around.

Furthermore, in the present case, the alternative casing section 152b is intended to be shrunk onto an insertion end. In particular, the alternative casing section 152b is intended to be pulled on in a non-shrunk state and then shrunk on. Here, the alternative casing section 152b advantageously forms, at least in sections, a positive connection with the insertion end, in particular with its external longitudinal elements.

It is also conceivable that a sheathing element is extruded onto an insertion end. A positive connection can also be achieved here. A multi-component extrusion is particularly suitable for this, whereby, for example, a rubber layer and a reinforcing layer are extruded on at the same time.

Claims (12)

1. Rope (12a)

   with at least one rope section (10a) comprising at least one splice (14a) that is realized as a long splice,

   has a plurality of stranded longitudinal elements (16a-26a), at least one of which has at least one insertion end (28a-50a) that is at least section-wise inserted between other longitudinal elements (16a-26a), and is sheathed at least section-wise with a sheathing element (150a) that has at least one sheathing portion (152a; 152b),

   wherein the sheathing portion (152a; 152b) is configured for an at least section-wise sheathing of the at least one insertion end (28a),

   wherein the rope (12a) has a diameter d and a number N of stranded longitudinal elements (16a-26a),

   wherein the sheathing portion (152a) is suitable to permit the splice (14a) to be produced with a length of less than 100_*N_*d, meaning that the total length of the splice is maximally 100_*N_*d,

   wherein the splice (14a) has a rupture resistance that is by maximally 30 % smaller than a rupture resistance of a section of the rope (12a) that is free of a splice (14a),

   characterised in that a test piece (154a) of the sheathing portion (152a), sheathing a test insertion end (100a) having a length of maximally 50_*d that is inserted in a test rope portion (98a) with N stranded longitudinal elements (16a-26a), withstands a shear modulus of at least 1 MPa.
2. Rope (12a) according to claim 1,
   characterised in that a test insertion piece (100a) having a length of maximally 50_*d, which is inserted in a test rope piece (98a) with N stranded longitudinal elements (16a-26a) and is sheathed with a test piece (154a) of the sheathing portion (152a), withstands an extraction force in kN of at least d² _*0.68/N_*0.04, and advantageously of at least d² _*0.68/N_*0.1.
3. Rope (12a) according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterised in that the sheathing portion (152a) comprises at least one first region (156a) and at least one second region (158a) which differ in terms of at least one material parameter.
4. Rope (12a) according to claim 3,
   characterised in that the first region (156a) and the second region (158a) differ in terms of a surface structure of the sheathing portion (152a).
5. Rope (12a) according to claim 4,
   characterised in that the first region (156a) comprises an underside (162a) of the sheathing portion (152a), and the second region (158a) comprises an upper side (160a) of the sheathing portion (152a).
6. Rope (12a) according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterised in that the sheathing portion (152a) has a tear strength of at least 15 N/mm², advantageously of at least 20 N/mm², and particularly advantageously of at least 25 N/mm².
7. Rope (12a) according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterised in that the sheathing portion (152a) has at least one reinforcement (164a).
8. Rope (12a) according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that the sheathing portion (152a) has an elongation at break of at least 10%, and advantageously of at least 15%.
9. Rope (12a) according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that the insertion end (28a-50a) of the rope portion (10a) has a length of at most 50*d.
10. Use of a rope (12a) according to one of the preceding claims as a haul rope and/or as a traction rope, in particular in a passenger cableway (92a).
11. Method for splicing a rope (90a) according to one of claims 1 to 9,
    characterised in that for producing the at least one splice (14a) that is embodied as a long splice, at least one insertion end (28a-50a) is sheathed at least section-wise with the at least one sheathing portion (152a) of the at least one sheathing element (150a), and then the insertion end is inserted at least section-wise between other longitudinal elements (16a-26a).
12. Method according to claim 11,
    characterised in that the splice (14a) that is embodied as a long splice is fabricated in one piece, in particular without an advancement of the splice (14a) in an incomplete state, in a region (96a) having a length of at most 1200*d.

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