EP3652056A1 - Corps mort pour l'ancrage d'une structure flottante - Google Patents
Corps mort pour l'ancrage d'une structure flottanteInfo
- Publication number
- EP3652056A1 EP3652056A1 EP18752582.9A EP18752582A EP3652056A1 EP 3652056 A1 EP3652056 A1 EP 3652056A1 EP 18752582 A EP18752582 A EP 18752582A EP 3652056 A1 EP3652056 A1 EP 3652056A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- dead body
- modules
- elements
- module
- closure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/24—Anchors
- B63B21/26—Anchors securing to bed
- B63B21/29—Anchors securing to bed by weight, e.g. flukeless weight anchors
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
Definitions
- the field of the invention relates to the anchoring of floating structures, and in particular to dead bodies used for this purpose.
- suction anchors typically in the form of a cylindrical tube anchored by friction in the seabed and whose installation is done by applying vacuum between the ground and the inside of a bell delimited in the upper part of the tube through the ceiling of it.
- the invention aims to improve the situation.
- the invention relates to a submergible dead body for anchoring a floating structure.
- the dead body comprises several mechanically integral modules of each other.
- Each module includes:
- each module further comprises at least one prestressing element extending in the wall of the drum and having ends respectively anchored in one and the other of the shutter elements.
- At least one closure element of each module has at least one interface region intended to be fixed to said other module for the formation of the dead body.
- At least one shutter element of each module has a polygonal contour.
- the interface region can then correspond to one of the polygonal contour slices of the at least one shutter element.
- the barrel comprises a plurality of superposed barrel segments.
- each closure element receives at least one prestressing element arranged in the thickness of the closure element substantially parallel to a plane of the closure element.
- the module comprises a ballasting device adapted for the controlled filling of the drum in water.
- each module comprises a pressurization device adapted for the regulation of a pressure in an interior volume defined by the barrel by injecting gas into the interior volume.
- the closure elements are in the form of slabs of general planar plate configuration.
- two adjacent modules are mechanically secured to one another by fixing at least one of the closure elements of one of the two adjacent modules with at least one of the shutter elements on the other of the two adjacent modules.
- the dead body comprises at least one preloading element simultaneously received in the respective shutter elements of a plurality of said modules and exerting a force maintaining the shutter elements of the corresponding modules integral with one of the other.
- At least one prestressing element received in the closure elements passes through said seal.
- the invention further relates to a method of constructing a dead body for anchoring a floating structure, the method comprising:
- arranging the dead body on a seabed comprises regulating the pressure in a volume of the barrel of at least a portion of the modules during the descent of the dead body to the seabed by gas injection in the drums in order to maintain a level of bending of the shutter elements of the corresponding modules less than a predetermined level.
- the barrels of the modules of the dead body are filled at least partially with water for their establishment on the seabed.
- the method further comprises a subsequent removal of the dead body from the seabed, said removal comprising at least partial emptying of the barrel of all or part of the water modules that the barrel contains to increase the buoyancy of the corresponding modules.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a floating structure anchored by means of a body dead according to the invention
- FIGS. 2a to 2c illustrate different views of a module of a dead body according to the invention
- Figure 3 illustrates a sectional view of a portion of a dead body according to the invention
- Figure 4 illustrates an assembly of modules for forming a dead body according to the invention
- Figures 5a to 5f illustrate different dead body configurations according to the invention
- Figure 6 illustrates the steps of a method of building a dead body according to the invention.
- Figure 1 illustrates a floating structure 10 anchored to a seabed 11 by means of at least one dead body 12 according to the invention arranged at the seabed 11.
- the anchoring is achieved via retaining cables 14 extending between the floating structure 10 and the dead bodies 12.
- the floating structure 10 is an installation for producing electrical energy from the wind.
- the floating structure 10 comprises a floating base 16, and a wind turbine 18 fixed on the base 16.
- the base 16 is for example of known invoice. For example, it is formed from a plurality of frames connected together.
- the base 16 is for example immersed, as illustrated in FIG.
- the wind turbine 18 comprises a mast 20 fixed on the base 16, and a nacelle 22 supported by the mast 20 and comprising a rotor provided with blades for generating electricity by rotating the blades under the effect of wind.
- the retaining cables 14 are for example of known invoice.
- the retaining cables 14 each extend between the structure 10 and a dead body 12.
- the retaining cables 14 are stretched between the base 16 of the structure 10 and the corresponding dead body 12, and this advantageously so as to contain the variations of the vertical level of the structure 10 at of the swell in a predetermined range.
- This range is for example chosen as forming an acceptable range for one or more constraints applying to the floating structure 10.
- Each dead body 12 is intended to be immersed.
- Each dead body 12 is configured to form an immovable anchorage of the floating structure 10 to the seabed 11. More specifically, each dead body 12 is configured to remain stationary under the effect of its weight and the friction and the stop which exerted between the dead body 12 and the seabed 11. In other words, each dead body 12 is simply placed on the seabed and remains fixed in particular because of its weight dimensioned to mobilize friction and abutment forces between the dead body 12 and the seabed 11 preventing the displacement of the dead body under the effect of the efforts of the floating structure 10 taken up by the dead body 12.
- Each dead body 12 includes a plurality of modules, or boxes, 24 according to the invention.
- the modules 24 of a dead body 12 are secured mechanically to each other.
- the modules 24 are thus integral in movement, all being displaced when the dead body 12 is displaced.
- each module 24 comprises a shank 26 and two closure elements 28, 30 configured to close the ends of the shank 26.
- the barrel and the closure elements 28, 30 are prefabricated elements made of concrete.
- the barrel 26 is cylindrical and hollow, and internally delimits a volume 32.
- the barrel 26 is closed at each of its ends by one of the closure elements 28, 30.
- the shutter element located below relative to the barrel according to the orientation of the Figures bears the reference 28, and forms the so-called lower shutter element 28, and the shutter element 30 forms the so-called upper reference shutter element 30.
- the cylindrical shape of the shaft 26 is straight.
- the shaft 26 is of circular section. This arrangement is advantageous because it offers good resistance to the surrounding hydrostatic pressure during immersion of the module.
- this circularity is optional, the section can be any.
- this section is convex. In a given configuration, this section is polygonal.
- the shank 26 comprises one or more ducts 34 arranged in the wall of the shank 26 each receiving at least one element, or reinforcement, of prestress 36. The ducts 34 extend from one end longitudinal to another of the shaft 26.
- the conduits 34 are for example regularly distributed around the longitudinal axis of the shaft 26.
- the ducts 34 are rectilinear.
- the ducts 34 extend parallel to the longitudinal axis of the shaft 26.
- the ducts 34 are formed of rectilinear portions parallel to each other and to the axis of the barrel. These portions are for example spatially offset and / or nonparallel to each other. For example, in such a configuration, they are joined two by two by a connection portion.
- the prestressing elements 36 are configured to compress the barrel 26 longitudinally. Advantageously, they are also configured to contribute at least partially to secure the barrel 26 and the closure elements 28, 30.
- the preload element (s) 36 are, for example, cables or bars. Note that the cables have any structure, for example single-strand or multiple strands, these strands being strands or not.
- Each prestressing element 36 is advantageously anchored in the closure elements 28, 30 at its ends. Due to this configuration, the elements 36 tend to bring the elements 28, 30 of the barrel together and thus contribute to securing the elements of the module 24 considered.
- each closure member comprises, for each duct 34, a passage portion 35 which extends the corresponding duct 34 and an anchoring region 37 in which the passage portion 35 opens.
- This anchoring region 37 is for example arranged at an outer face of the closure elements and comprises for example a recess arranged in this face itself.
- each duct 34 receives a sheath in which the (or the) prestressing member 36 is received.
- This sheath is for example embedded in the concrete of the drum 26 at the time of manufacture of the barrel to form the duct 34.
- each duct 34 is injected with a material after tensioning the elements 36 to fill the voids therebetween and the walls of the duct 34 (of the duct if necessary).
- the material in question is configured to provide a protective barrier against corrosion.
- the material is configured to adhere the element or elements 36 received in the duct 34 and the walls of the duct 34. This allows a durable transfer of prestressing forces resulting from the presence of the elements 36 to the barrel.
- the material is a cement slurry.
- each prestressing element is coated with a corrosion protection material and individually sheathed.
- the prestressing elements transfer their efforts to the barrel essentially by their end anchors.
- the prestressing elements 36 are not then intended to adhere to the walls of the duct 34.
- the shaft 26 includes a plurality of segments 38 superimposed to form the shaft 26, as illustrated in Figures 2a and 2b.
- Each segment 38 has a generally cylindrical configuration of the same section as the barrel 36 relative to the longitudinal axis of the barrel.
- each segment corresponds to a vertical portion of the barrel, as illustrated in the Figures.
- each segment 38 includes, for each duct 34, a portion of the duct considered.
- the prestressing elements 36 help to secure the segments 38 to each other due to the longitudinal compression of the barrel they exert.
- the shank 26 has a diameter (or transverse characteristic dimension relative to its longitudinal axis generally) between 5 m and 20 m
- the module 24 has a height of between 5 m and 20 m.
- the thickness of the barrel walls is for example between 0.1 m and 1.0 m.
- the dimensions of the modules are chosen according to the ratio between the weight and the internal volume of the modules 24 on the one hand, and the ratio between the width and the height of the modules on the other hand.
- the first of these reports is characteristic of the buoyancy of the modules.
- the second report is characteristic of the stability of the dead body 12, in particular in terms of reversal. We are ideally looking for a good compromise between these constraints.
- the ratio between the diameter of the drum 26 and the height of the module 24 is close to unity.
- An optimal thickness of the walls of the barrel and the thickness of the shutter elements is easily deduced from the diameter and / or the chosen height.
- the closure elements 28, 30 close off the barrel 26. They respectively form a bottom and a lid of the barrel 26.
- the elements shutter are in the form of slabs.
- slab is meant a block of material of general planar plate configuration.
- the shutter elements are preferably parallel to each other.
- Each closure element 28, 30 comprises a first portion PI and a second portion P2. These two portions are preferably matted from one another.
- the first portion PI gives the corresponding closure element its general appearance.
- the first portion PI is in the form of a flat plate whose one face is turned away from the barrel and the opposite face is turned towards the barrel.
- This portion PI is advantageously orthogonal to the axis of the shaft 26.
- the periphery of the portion P 1 protrudes radially with respect to the second portion P2 and to the shank 26.
- the first portion PI, and the shutter member corresponding generally, has a contour C. This contour C is configured to give the module 24 a radial projection relative to the barrel.
- this contour C is polygonal.
- it is hexagonal or octagonal.
- the detail of the configuration of the contour C is chosen as a function of the configuration of the corresponding dead body 12 and the chosen relative arrangement of the modules 24, as described below.
- the contour C has slices T. These slices are turned away from the module 24. These slices are advantageously vertical. In other words, a vector normal to these slices is orthogonal to the axis of the drum 26.
- Each slice T has at least one slice which is diametrically opposed to it. Two diametrically opposed slices are advantageously parallel to one another.
- At least one of the edges of the contour C forms an interface region intended to be secured to a portion of the contour C of an adjacent module 24 within the dead body 12 to define the dead body in question. This is described in more detail below.
- Each slice T advantageously has a generally rectangular shape.
- each slice is generally planar.
- one or more slices may include, in a region, a portion of a shear key defined by this portion and a portion of complementary shape carried by a slice to be secured to this slice.
- the different slices T of the different lower and / or upper closure elements of the different modules 24 are of substantially identical sizes.
- the edges T of the contours of the elements 30 advantageously have the same size.
- closure elements 28, 30 have respective contours of identical shape.
- the respective dimensions, especially radial, of these contours can however be different.
- the lower closure member 28 has dimensions slightly greater than those of the upper closure member 30. This allows the presence of a seal of selected dimensions between one or more of the edges of the element contour higher shutter with one or more of the neighboring modules 24, as described below.
- the overhang between the closure elements 28 and 30 is about 10 cm, so as to provide a width of 20 cm to cast in place joints between the upper closure elements 30 of neighboring modules.
- the second portion P2 of each shutter member protrudes from the face of the first portion PI facing the barrel 26.
- the second portion P2 comprises a flange 40 configured to bear against the upper face of the barrel 26 on the circumference thereof.
- the second portion P2 is formed by this rim 40. In other words, it does not include anything else.
- the second portion P2 comprises a central region 42 extending internally relative to the flange 40.
- This region is advantageously separated from the flange 40 by a shoulder 44 so as to have an outer edge of complementary dimensions of the barrel.
- This central region thus extends into the interior volume 32 when the closure element closes the barrel. In this configuration, this central region 42 prevents any relative sliding of the shaft 26 and the closure element.
- the face of the central region 42 facing the opposite shutter element of the module 24 has a depressed and non-flat configuration on all or part of its surface.
- the second portion P2 is optional.
- the closure element 28, 30 considered is formed by its single portion P1.
- each closure member 28, 30 includes at least one duct 46 for receiving an element, or reinforcement, of prestressing 48 in the thickness of the element 28, 30 in question.
- Each duct 46 is advantageously arranged parallel to a plane of the closure element 28, 30, and more specifically to the plane of the first portion P1.
- the conduits 46 are arranged precisely in the first portion P1.
- each duct 46 joins a slice of the contour C of the shutter element to the slice T of the opposite contour C.
- each duct 46 is then substantially perpendicular to the slices that it joins to one another.
- each duct 46 is rectilinear.
- the duct 46 comprises a plurality of rectilinear and parallel sections joined together by any connection portions.
- each pair of opposed slices T of contour C of a closure element 28, 30 is associated at least one conduit 46.
- conduits 46 may be arranged in several parallel planes in the thickness of the closure element depending on their number.
- Each prestressing element 48 is received in one of the ducts 46 and is configured to exert a compression force at least on the corresponding closure element.
- At least one prestressing element 48 is simultaneously received in respective closure elements 28, 30 of a plurality of modules 24 and exerts a force tending to maintain the corresponding closure elements and therefore the modules considered solidary of each other.
- the dashed portion of the element 48 is received in a duct 46 of a closure element of at least one module 24 adjacent to the dead body 12 and tends to bring the modules closer together. 24 illustrated in question towards each other.
- all the prestressing elements 48 have this configuration. Note that an element 48 is received only in lower sealing elements 28, or in upper sealing elements 30.
- Each prestressing element 48 advantageously passes through the respective closure elements of all neighboring modules 24 which are in its path.
- FIG. 5f which illustrates elements 48 each traveling three slabs
- each preloading element 48 extending parallel to this direction is received. in the shutter elements of these N modules.
- a prestressing element 48 alone contributes to the monolithic nature of the dead body 12.
- Each prestressing element 48 is advantageously anchored at its ends (points A1 and A2 in FIG. 2c) at the edges T of the closure elements of the end modules through which it passes.
- the anchoring of these elements 48 is for example carried out in a known manner, for example at a region 47 (FIG. 4) formed in the slice T considered and having a configuration similar to the anchoring region 37.
- the prestressing elements 48 are for example bars or cables.
- the ducts 46 each receive, for example, a sheath which itself receives the prestressing element or elements 48. This sheath is embedded in the constituent concrete of the closure element, for example during the manufacture of this element.
- the ducts are advantageously filled with a protective material after tensioning of the elements 48, as for the ducts 36.
- the shaft 26 and the closure elements 28, 30 of a given module 24 are made integral at least by the prestressing elements 36.
- the barrel 26 and the closure elements 28, 30 of a given module 24 are also made integral by interface joints 39 between these elements.
- the interface joints 39 are for example made from epoxy glue.
- the interfaces between the shaft 26 and the slabs 28, 30 are each provided with at least one shear key (not shown) configured to ensure the proper relative positioning of these elements and prevent relative slippage of the elements considered.
- At least one of these keys comprises for example a tenon and a mortise respectively carried by one and the other of the elements defining the considered interface, and configured to cooperate with each other to relatively immobilize the one and the other of these elements.
- at least one interface between a closure member 28, 30 and the shank 26 includes a sealing member 49 (Figure 2c).
- the sealing element defines a seal of the module 24. It is for example in the form of a ring of deformable material intended to be compressed between the two elements defining the interface in question to seal the latter ( slab 30 and shaft 26 in Figure 2c).
- it is received in a groove from which it protrudes.
- At least one module 24 optionally comprises a device 50 adapted for the controlled filling of the barrel 26, that is to say the internal volume 32, in water.
- the device 50 is also adapted for the water discharge of the volume 32.
- the device 50 is for example carried by one of the closure elements 28, 30, preferably by the lower closure member 28, or by the shaft 26, for example in the lower part.
- the device 50 advantageously includes one or more valves.
- the device 50 advantageously comprises a hydraulic pump arranged to reject the water volume 32 outside of this volume 32.
- the respective devices 50 of these modules are adapted for the communication of the corresponding inner volumes 32 between them for balancing the water content of the volumes 32, that is to say the height reached by the water in the volumes 32.
- the corresponding devices 50 include one or more communication channels 51 (FIG. 3), advantageously inserted into the lower closure elements 28 of the modules 24 considered, to put the volumes 32 in communication with each other.
- these channels connect the drums 26 considered between them.
- At least one module 24 comprises a device 52 adapted for insertion into the volume 32 of ballast elements, or ballast, solids. These elements are intended to increase the dry mass of the modules 24 and the dead body 12.
- weighting elements comprise aggregates or metal elements, such as, for example, by-products of iron and steel industry.
- the device 52 is for example worn (in whole or in part) by the upper sealing element 30.
- the device 52 is sealed when it is not in the use configuration in which it authorizes the insertion of the weighting elements in the interior volume 32 of the drum 26.
- the device 52 comprises a hopper.
- each module 24 comprises such a device 52.
- At least one module 24 comprises a pressurizing device 53 adapted for regulating the pressure in the internal volume 32 by gas injection.
- This pressurizing device 53 comprises for example a valve adapted to inject gas into the volume 32.
- This valve is for example arranged through the wall of the barrel 26, in the upper part thereof or in the upper sealing member 30.
- the gas received by the pressurizing device 53 is for example derived from a compressor system.
- the pressurizing device 53 may include several such valves.
- respective pressurizing devices 53 of neighboring modules 24 are in fluid communication.
- This communication is for example implemented by one or 53C communication channels ( Figure 3) each connecting the volumes 32 of two modules 24 between them. Some communication channels extend for example between the drums. Alternatively or in parallel, some extend into the closure elements 28, 30 and in joints 56 between the modules described below.
- the gas in question is for example compressed air.
- the pressurizing device 53 is adapted to drive water from the associated volume 32 via the device 50, and this by causing the volume 32 to be emptied of its water due to an overpressure caused by gas injection into the volume 32.
- at least one module 24 comprises at least one reinforcing element 55 (FIG. 3) adapted to reinforce the slab (s) 28, 30, and more precisely to reinforce them at the level of the portion that projects beyond the barrel 26.
- the element is for example in the form of one or more reinforcing crunches mechanically connecting the barrel 26 to the portion of the slab that projects beyond the barrel and which faces the opposite slab.
- the module 24 comprises for example a plurality of such elements 55 regularly spaced around the shaft 26.
- connection device 54 for engaging the dead body 12 with the associated retaining cable or cables 14.
- the connection device 54 comprises a connecting beam fixed to the dead body 12. This beam is advantageously fixed to one of the closure elements or to several closure elements of adjacent modules 24.
- This beam is attached to (or at) upper sealing members 30.
- This beam has a length, or grip, less than or equal to the diameter of a module 24.
- the fixing of the beam is implemented by any known means, for example via a fixing means arranged at the anchoring regions 37 of the prestressing elements 36 on the corresponding closure element (s) ( s).
- connection device 54 further comprises an anchoring member of the retaining cable or cables 14 articulated on the beam.
- the anchoring member comprises a passage for the cable or cables.
- the articulation allows the angular movements of (or) cable (s) 14.
- the azimuthal orientation (considered in a local horizontal plane) of each retaining cable is aligned with the largest dimension of the dead body 12 in order to increase the torque resistant to the reversal of this assembly.
- the position of the connecting device 54 on the dead body 12 is chosen to minimize the overturning moment induced by the tensile force of the (or) cable (s) retaining 14, that is to say that is, the one that minimizes the distance from this effort to the center of gravity of the dead body.
- the modules 24 of a dead body 12 are mechanically secured to each other. Because of this solidarity, the dead body 12 is monolithic, that is to say that it behaves as an object in one piece.
- the modules 24 of each dead body 12 are juxtaposed, as opposed to stacked. In other words, they are arranged in a single stage, and not on each other at least for some within a plurality of stages.
- a module 24 is mechanically secured to an adjacent module 24 only by securing one or more closure elements 28, 30 to one respectively to the two closure elements of the adjacent module 24 in question.
- the barrel of a module is not involved in securing the module 24 corresponding to the other modules other than indirectly, this fastening being effected via the fixing of the closure elements 28, 30 to each other .
- it is secured to an adjacent module 24 at least by fixing a wafer T of its contour C to a wafer of the contour C of the adjacent module by a seal 56 (FIGS. , 3 and 4).
- the slices T in question form respective interface regions of the modules 24 in play, via which the modules 24 are secured to the other modules 24 of the dead body 12. These slices T are advantageously fixed to one another at the edge and parallel to each other.
- the seal 56 is for example made from an adhesive material such as epoxy glue. In this configuration, the seal 56 is for example formed by coating this material on one or both T slices.
- Such a seal has a substantially zero thickness.
- the production of such seals uses compression forces induced by so-called provisional prestressing elements, which can be temporarily received in the ducts 46 intended for receiving the prestressing elements 48, which provide a so-called permanent prestressing.
- the seal 56 is made by casting in place.
- the seal is for example made from a concrete or a mortar, such as for example a quick setting mortar.
- This configuration of joint 56 is advantageously implemented in the case where a space is provided between the two slices T.
- This type of seal has a non-zero thickness.
- Pouring in place is for example conducted according to a known method, and involves for example the establishment of complementary reinforced concrete reinforcements and a formwork.
- the modules are advantageously held immobile relative to each other by a known invoice holding device.
- the two closure elements 28, 30 are each secured to the closure element of at least one neighboring module via such a seal 56.
- two adjacent modules are joined together. via their lower shutter elements 28, and their upper shutter elements 30.
- the joining of two adjacent modules 24 is advantageously carried out via their respective lower sealing elements, joined by a gasket 56, as well as by their upper sealing elements 30, also joined by a gasket 56.
- the elements lower sealing plates 28 are joined by glue type joints 56, and the upper sealing elements are joined by seals 56 cast in place.
- the slab 30 of the module 24 located in the foreground is thus joined by two of its slices T to a slice T of a first adjacent module and to a slice T of a second adjacent module.
- This configuration is preferably also reproduced for the lower slab 28, with joints 56 glued or cast in place.
- the mechanical fastening of the modules 24 between them is advantageously at least partly ensured by all or part of the prestressing elements 48, which are then simultaneously received in a plurality of closure elements and exert a force now les corresponding shutter elements integral.
- this configuration is present for the lower slabs 28 and the lower slabs 30, and this advantageously for as many modules 24 of each dead body 12 as possible.
- the prestressing elements 48 are used together with the seals 56, which improves the monolithic nature of the dead bodies 12 and the holding over time of the mechanical solidarity of the modules 24 with each other.
- the compression forces induced by the prestressing elements 48 passing through the seals 56 contribute substantially to the resistance thereof.
- FIGS. 5a to 5f which illustrate the lower closure elements 28 of different dead body configurations 12 according to the invention, it should be noted that the number and the relative arrangement of the modules 24 within a dead body 12 are easily adaptable.
- each edge of the contour C forms a possible interface region with a neighboring module, each module being connected to a selected number of modules between one and the number of the faces of the outline C.
- FIG. 6 illustrates the steps of the method.
- the method is based on the prefabrication of the barrels 26 and closure elements 28, 30 of the modules 24 intended to form the dead body 12 from concrete, and then the assembly of these elements. elements so as to obtain a monolithic assembly of modules 24 within the meaning of the invention which is then placed on the seabed 11. More specifically, during a step S1, for each module 24 of the dead body 12 intended to be formed, the barrel 26 and the closure elements 28, 30 are produced. For the drum, where appropriate, the segments 38 are manufactured.
- These different elements are prefabricated from concrete, preferably from reinforced concrete.
- the elements of the module 24 are relatively arranged relative to one another so as to obtain their desired relative arrangement for the module when it is used, and the modules 24 are arranged one at a time. to the contacts of others in the desired configuration of the dead body 12.
- the relative position obtained is for example maintained by temporary holding means in place, for example known.
- This step is advantageously carried out in the vicinity of the zone in which the dead body 12 is subsequently put into the water for its displacement to the seabed 11.
- This zone is for example formed on a bank, a quay or other.
- the prestressing elements 48 which ensure the horizontal prestressing of the closure elements by passing them through the ducts 46 associated with the closure elements they are intended to clamp to each other, and they are anchored in the desired prestressing configuration in which they maintain the shutter elements in solidarity with each other. In other words, the desired tightening is applied to the prestressing elements 48 and anchored.
- each closure element 28, 30 is constrained towards at least one other closure element 28, respectively 30 by at least one prestressing element 48.
- joints 56 are formed between the slices T of the contours C of the slabs 28, 30, as previously described.
- each module 24 is fixed to each other.
- the seals 39 are formed between the segments 38 of the drums 26, and the joints are formed between the drums 26 and the closure elements 28, 30 associated.
- the vertical prestressing elements 36 are placed in each of the modules, and anchored in the desired prestressing configuration (that is, the desired clamping is applied to them and anchored thereto). ).
- the dead body 12 is placed in the water and is moved in the direction of the plumb of the seabed on which it is intended to rest.
- the dead body 12 is configured to float.
- the buoyancy of the dead body 12 is in particular a function of the dimensions of the dead body and therefore of the number of modules, the diameter of the drums and the thickness of the walls of the drums and slabs.
- auxiliary float devices are reported to the floating dead body, in order to increase the stability of the dead body 12 during the towing phase.
- the use of these floats is advantageously temporary. In other words, they are separated from the dead body 12 for the descent thereof towards the seabed 11, as described below.
- these floats are reported to the dead body 12 prior to the launching of the dead body 12 and are thus also used to increase the stability of the dead body 12 during its launching as such.
- weighting elements are inserted into the volume 32 of one or more drums via the corresponding device or devices 52.
- these elements are distributed homogeneously (in mass) between the drums.
- At least a partial ballast of the drums is carried out in water by means of their device 50 so as to give the dead body 12 an apparent weight allowing complete immersion of the dead body while maintaining the weight carried by a device used for lowering / guiding the dead body 12 below a predetermined value.
- This device is for example a crane.
- This crane is for example on board a ship.
- the dead body 12 is lowered to the seabed 11 while guiding its descent.
- This step is implemented via the device above.
- a predetermined fraction of the hydrostatic pressure exerted by the water on the modules 24 is compensated and which increases as the descent proceeds.
- the devices 53 fluidly communicate the volumes 32 of the different modules 24, thus making it possible to maintain substantially identical respective pressures in these volumes 32.
- the pressure inside the drums 26 is regulated during the descent of the dead body 12 to the seabed 11 by injecting gas into the drums considered via the devices 53, in order to maintain a level of flexure of the shutter elements 28, 30 of the modules 24 below a predetermined level.
- this operation includes releasing all or part of the gas contained in the interior volumes 32 via the device 53 for example, to lower, for example temporarily, the pressure in the drums.
- the pressurization of the barrels uses an external source of gas connected to at least one module 24.
- This source is for example at the surface of the water, and is for example carried by a ship.
- the devices 53 are thus used to inject gas under pressure into the volumes 32, possibly by communication between the (or drums) connected to this source and those that are not connected to this source.
- step S8 the dead body 12 is placed on the seabed 11 at its position of use.
- the volumes 32 are completely watered via the ballast devices 50.
- the dead body 12 is in use configuration and can be connected to the structure 10 to ensure its anchoring.
- connection device 54 is connected to the retaining cable (s) 14. Alternatively, this connection takes place before the dead body 12 is put into the water.
- step S10 which occurs at the end of life of the dead body 12, the dead body 12 is brought back to the surface.
- the volume 32 of the drums 26 is emptied of all or part of the water it contains to increase the buoyancy of the dead body 12 via the device 50.
- a regulation of the pressure in the volumes 32 of the modules 24 via the devices 53 similarly to what is done in step S8.
- the invention is particularly advantageous. In fact, it makes it possible to obtain highly adaptable dead anchor bodies at a very low cost because of the precast concrete and modular nature of the main elements that make up the dead body.
- the drums are of more flexible dimensions to the extent that the efforts they must be dimensioned to support are lesser.
- closure elements 28, 30 have been described as being slabs.
- their configuration, in particular their shape is arbitrary.
- the portion PI has a curved shape, advantageously convex, turned away from the barrel.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1756521A FR3068676A1 (fr) | 2017-07-10 | 2017-07-10 | Module pour corps mort pour l'ancrage d'une structure flottante |
| PCT/FR2018/051737 WO2019012223A1 (fr) | 2017-07-10 | 2018-07-10 | Corps mort pour l'ancrage d'une structure flottante |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3652056A1 true EP3652056A1 (fr) | 2020-05-20 |
Family
ID=59974597
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18752582.9A Withdrawn EP3652056A1 (fr) | 2017-07-10 | 2018-07-10 | Corps mort pour l'ancrage d'une structure flottante |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3652056A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2020526444A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3068676A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2019012223A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112173009A (zh) * | 2020-09-09 | 2021-01-05 | 陈遵龙 | 一种带液压辅助的船锚 |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR102404985B1 (ko) * | 2020-12-07 | 2022-06-02 | 조의진 | 수중 고정이 가능한 조립식 바지선 |
| KR102460710B1 (ko) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-10-28 | 이성일 | 선박 계류시스템 |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6149029A (ja) * | 1984-08-13 | 1986-03-10 | Nippon Steel Corp | 水中基礎固定装置 |
| GB0903068D0 (en) * | 2009-02-24 | 2009-04-08 | Durrant Robert H | Anti scour mats |
| SG174864A1 (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2011-11-28 | Exxonmobil Upstream Res Co | Mooring system for floating arctic vessel |
| GB2475688A (en) * | 2009-11-25 | 2011-06-01 | Gael Force Aqua Ltd | An anchor having a number of floodable chambers |
| US9428876B2 (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2016-08-30 | Korea Institute Of Ocean Science & Technology | Multi-suction-pile anchor and flat plate anchor having suction piles |
| CN103981889B (zh) * | 2014-04-30 | 2016-03-30 | 天津大学 | 一种带支撑的三个筒型基础组合式基础结构体系 |
-
2017
- 2017-07-10 FR FR1756521A patent/FR3068676A1/fr not_active Ceased
-
2018
- 2018-07-10 JP JP2020500800A patent/JP2020526444A/ja active Pending
- 2018-07-10 WO PCT/FR2018/051737 patent/WO2019012223A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2018-07-10 EP EP18752582.9A patent/EP3652056A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| ALAMY LIMITED: "Barrels used to anchor a buoy on the ocean floor, Bunaken, Indonesia Stock Photo - Alamy", 16 October 2007 (2007-10-16), pages 1 - 1, XP055786560, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-barrels-used-to-anchor-a-buoy-on-the-ocean-floor-bunaken-indonesia-16617542.html> [retrieved on 20210316] * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112173009A (zh) * | 2020-09-09 | 2021-01-05 | 陈遵龙 | 一种带液压辅助的船锚 |
| CN112173009B (zh) * | 2020-09-09 | 2021-08-03 | 佛山安可锚链有限公司 | 一种带液压辅助的船锚 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2020526444A (ja) | 2020-08-31 |
| WO2019012223A1 (fr) | 2019-01-17 |
| FR3068676A1 (fr) | 2019-01-11 |
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