EP3643850B1 - Method for manufacturing a concrete staircase in which the treads are provided with non-slip means, and corresponding treads - Google Patents

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a process for the production, on site or in the factory, of concrete stairs and also for the production of concrete tread plates, intended to be positioned on a stringer installed on a construction site.

It also relates to the treads resulting from this process, as well as the stairs resulting from such a process.

PRIOR STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE

The realization of concrete stairs is widely used today. Whether it is made on site (on site) or in the factory, it traditionally involves molding the entire staircase or portions of the staircase, leading to the staircase itself or the portions of the staircase. staircase, suitable for positioning on site.

Stairs of the prefabricated type are also known, also made of concrete, made up of modular elements, capable of facilitating their movement on site and their assembly. These stairs typically comprise a stringer on which are added and fixed elements or treads, made of concrete, previously manufactured by molding.

Whatever the embodiment of these stairs, it is required for a certain number of applications the presence on the tread plates of non-slip elements, in particular when the stairs are intended to be subjected to bad weather, therefore outside the buildings, in order to avoid any slipping of the borrowers of these staircases.

These non-slip elements most often consist of linear streaks made directly on the concrete on the upper surface of the tread in question, typically using a groover. In addition to the considerable dust generated by the production of these streaks and, moreover, the lack of straightness, it is quite frequent that during the construction of the building site in question, these streaks are clogged by the dust from the site, conveyed to this level by workers and other stakeholders on said site. In doing so, once blocked, the grooves in question no longer fulfill their anti-slip function.

The document FR 1 380 074 A discloses a process for making a concrete staircase whose treads are provided with non-slip means and implementing the molding of the staircase itself or the molding of the treads in an individualized manner implemented in said stairs, where the mold in question is provided, in the vicinity of the location of the nosing of the treads, with a strip of synthetic material provided with longitudinal grooves in relief or in projection, the said grooves being oriented in the direction of the interior of the mould, said band remaining on the upper surface of the tread plates after demolding.

The document FR 1 380 074 A also discloses a concrete step plate for precast concrete stairs, produced by molding concrete in a mold of suitable shape, its upper face being provided in the vicinity of the stair nosing with which it is provided with a strip of synthetic material, provided longitudinal grooves in relief or projecting, said grooves being oriented towards the inside of the tread.

Also known is the implementation of inserts attached to the treads in question and fixed permanently to said surface. If, when the stairs provided with such inserts are located inside the building, there is a certain durability of the non-slip function thus generated. On the other hand, these inserts do not resist very long when they are subjected to external bad weather, again affecting their non-slip function.

Moreover, their fixing imposes an additional step during the realization of the staircase.

The object of the invention aims to overcome these drawbacks and to propose an alternative solution, both simple to implement, particularly when carrying out construction sites.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

The invention therefore relates to a method for making a concrete staircase whose treads are provided with non-slip means and implementing the molding of the staircase itself or the molding of the treads in an individualized manner implemented in said stairs.

According to the invention, the mold in question is provided, in the vicinity of the location of the step nosing of the treads, with a PVC strip provided with longitudinal grooves, the said projecting grooves being oriented towards the inside of the mold. .

In other words, the invention consists, prior to the molding of the staircase itself, or of the treads themselves, in providing the corresponding mold with a PVC strip provided with projecting streaks, intended after demolding to remain on the upper face of the treads for a period chosen by the designer, to then be retracted or removed, said PVC strip defining on said upper face of the treads, and typically in the vicinity of the nosing, longitudinal grooves or grooves capable of generating the desired non-slip effect.

According to the invention, these ridges are oriented parallel to the main direction of the tread(s) and typically perpendicular to the main direction of the stringer or the staircase.

Typically these ridges are three in number, this number however not being limiting.

According to the invention, this PVC strip is fixed to the bottom of the mold by means of a double-sided adhesive and using a template rule, in order to ensure precise and reproducible positioning of said PVC strips, and therefore as a corollary of the anti-slip means throughout the staircase.

The choice of PVC material is advantageous insofar as, in the first place, it is inert vis-à-vis the concrete. Second, it is relatively flexible and can be produced using dies extremely inexpensively.

When the staircase is installed or when the individual treads are mounted on the stringer, and only when the total construction site in which the staircase in question is part is finished, it is then sufficient to remove the PVC strip from each of the trays walking, said PVC strip having therefore protected throughout the duration of the construction site, the streaks resulting from the projections in relief with which said PVC strip is provided, which are therefore not obstructed by dust and other sludge or concrete laitance, etc. liable to obstruct them, and consequently to affect the non-slip properties which they are intended to ensure.

The invention also relates to concrete step trays for precast concrete stairs, provided on their upper face in the vicinity of the stair nosing with such a retractable PVC strip.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES

• La figure 1 est une représentation schématique en perspective d'un escalier réalisé en béton, dont les plateaux de marche sont munis d'une bande PVC conforme à l'invention.
• Les figures 2 et 3 sont des vues de détail de l'escalier de la figure 1, respectivement avant et après escamotage de ladite bande PVC.
• La figure 4 est une représentation schématique en perspective d'une telle bande PVC, dont la figure 5 est une vue en section.
• La figure 6 est une représentation schématique en perspective du couvercle supérieur d'un moule pour la réalisation d'escaliers monoblocs en béton mettant en œuvre un moule fermé.
• La figure 7 est une vue schématique d'un détail de la face inférieure dudit couvercle supérieur du moule.

The way in which the invention can be implemented, and the resulting advantages, will emerge better from the examples of embodiment which follow, given by way of indication and not limitation in support of the appended figures.

• The figure 1 is a schematic representation in perspective of a staircase made of concrete, the treads of which are provided with a PVC strip according to the invention.
• The figures 2 and 3 are detail views of the staircase of the figure 1 , respectively before and after retraction of said PVC strip.
• The figure 4 is a schematic representation in perspective of such a PVC strip, the figure 5 is a sectional view.
• The figure 6 is a schematic representation in perspective of the upper cover of a mold for the production of one-piece concrete stairs using a closed mold.
• The figure 7 is a schematic view of a detail of the underside of said upper mold cover.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

We represented on the figure 1 a schematic view in perspective of a concrete staircase of traditional invoice, that is to say molded in one piece. This staircase (1) comprises a certain number of steps and risers (2) having in the vicinity of the stair nosing (3) a PVC strip (4), extending substantially over the entire width of said step (2).

We represented in relation to the figure 2 a detail view of a step or tread plate (2) fitted with this PVC strip (4).

Finally, we represented picture 3 the same detail view, in which the PVC strip (4) has been retracted, revealing a certain number of grooves or grooves (5), three in this case, also oriented along the main dimension of the tread (2) , i.e. corresponding to the width of the step.

In fact and in order to achieve this staircase (1), the mold in which it was made, and more precisely the bottom of the mold relating to each of the treads, has previously received said PVC strip (4), glued to the means of a double-sided adhesive against the corresponding face of the mould.

Furthermore, in order to achieve precise and repeated positioning of this PVC strip (4), the operator uses a template rule of a type known per se, and thus after demolding the staircase shown in the figure is obtained. figure 1 .

We have represented in more detail in relation to the figures 4 and 5 a PVC strip of the type in question. As can be seen, it has three projecting ridges (6) interconnected by two flat portions (7). In an exemplary embodiment, the height of the grooves is close to 5 mm, the thickness of the flat portions (7) close to 0.6 mm and the width of said flat portions (7) close to 10 mm. Such a PVC strip is very easily achievable by means of a die, and this at reduced cost prices.

Moreover, and as already said, the implementation of PVC is perfectly compatible with concrete since PVC is inert vis-à-vis concrete. Moreover, given the low general thickness of the PVC strip (4), the latter has a certain flexibility favoring its positioning at the bottom of the mold in which the staircase or even the treads must be molded.

The present invention is also capable of being implemented in the context of methods for producing one-piece concrete stairs using a closed mold, that is to say composed of a lower mold and a mold upper or cover, defining between them a volume intended to be filled with concrete. Such a process is for example described in the application EN 1854813 filed by the Applicant.

• à fixer et installer le moule inférieur en position opérationnelle ;
• à positionner le moule supérieur ou capot en regard dudit moule inférieur et à le fixer sur ledit moule inférieur ;
• à injecter dans le volume défini par les deux moules, respectivement inférieur et supérieur, du béton notamment de type autoplaçant, jusqu'à combler l'intégralité dudit volume ;
• après prise en masse du béton, à ôter le moule supérieur et le moule inférieur et donc à démouler l'escalier ainsi réalisé.

Typically, this process consists of:

• fixing and installing the lower mold in operational position;
• in positioning the upper mold or cover opposite said lower mold and fixing it on said lower mold;
• injecting into the volume defined by the two moulds, respectively lower and upper, concrete in particular of the self-compacting type, until all of said volume is filled;
• after solidification of the concrete, to remove the upper mold and the lower mold and therefore to unmold the staircase thus produced.

The advantage of this production method lies in particular in the reduction of finishing work, which is particularly time-consuming, and in the optimization of safety.

We represented in relation to the figure 6 the top cover capable of being implemented as part of such a process. And we represented in relation to the figure 7 the underside of said top cover, on which appears in the vicinity of what will become the stair nosing, the installation of the PVC strip according to the invention.

Thus, this PVC strip can be implemented in all types of concrete stairs when they are made by molding, which is traditionally the case.

We conceive the whole advantage of the invention insofar as, the staircase itself or the tread plates when stringers are implemented, are coated for as long as desired, in the vicinity of the stair nosing, with this PVC tape. When the site is finished and only when it is finished, we then proceed to the retraction of this PVC strip, which frees the grooves (5) with a non-slip function without the risk of seeing them obstructed by users, dust, mud etc or concrete laitance during site operations.

Claims (7)

1. Method for manufacturing a concrete staircase the treads (2) of which have non-slip means (5) implemented during the casting of the staircase itself, or the individual casting of the treads, used in the said staircases, which are fitted to the mould in question, near the step nose (3), of the treads (2), a PVC strip (4) with longitudinal ribs or grooves (6), with the grooving (6) directed towards the inside of the mould, so as to define near the nose longitudinal slots or grooves (5) to ensure a non-slip function, directed parallel to the main direction of the tread, said PVC strip remaining on the upper surface of the treads after mould release, being designed only for removal at a later stage to release the said longitudinal slots or grooves having a non-slip capability.
2. Method for manufacturing a concrete staircase according to claim 1, in which the grooving (6) is directed parallel to the main direction of the tread(s), and in particular perpendicular to the main direction of the staircase.
3. Method for manufacturing a concrete staircase according to one of the claims 1 and 2, in which there are three grooves (6).
4. Method for manufacturing a concrete staircase according to one of the claims 1 to 3, in which the PVC strip (4) is attached to the bottom of the mould by double sided adhesive tape and by means of a gauge rule, to ensure the accurate and reproducible positioning of the said PVC strips.
5. Method for manufacturing a concrete staircase according to one of claims 1 and 2 in which, when the staircase is installed or when the individual treads are mounted to the stringer, the PVC strip on each of the treads is removed to release the non-slip grooves or slots (5).
6. Method for manufacturing a concrete staircase according to one of claims 1 to 5 of the type using a closed mould comprising a lower mould and an upper mould or cover, designed to be filled with concrete and consisting in

   - attaching and installing the lower mould in the operational position;

   - positioning the upper mould or cover opposite the said lower mould and attaching it to the said lower mould;

   - injecting concrete, especially of the self-consolidating type, into the space formed by the two respectively lower and upper moulds until the said space is full;

   - after the concrete has set, removing the upper mould and the lower mould and therefore releasing the staircase manufactured in this way from its mould;

   in which, on the lower surface of the upper mould or cover, near the area considered suitable for defining the nose of the treads, the said PVC strip (4) is placed.
7. A concrete tread (2) for prefabricated concrete staircases, manufactured by moulding concrete in a suitably shaped mould, with its upper near the tread nose (3), to which a PVC strip (4) is attached, provided with longitudinal ribs or grooves (6), with the said ribs or grooves (6) directed towards the inside of the tread and protecting the longitudinal grooving (5) with a non-slip function, obtained during the moulding operation, the said PVC strip (4) being designed to be removed subsequently to release the said grooving (5) with a non-slip function.

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