EP3631219B1 - Arbre de direction pour un véhicule automobile - Google Patents

Arbre de direction pour un véhicule automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3631219B1
EP3631219B1 EP18728342.9A EP18728342A EP3631219B1 EP 3631219 B1 EP3631219 B1 EP 3631219B1 EP 18728342 A EP18728342 A EP 18728342A EP 3631219 B1 EP3631219 B1 EP 3631219B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rolling body
shaft
steering shaft
elements
rolling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18728342.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3631219A1 (fr
Inventor
René Marco SCHMIDT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp AG
ThyssenKrupp Presta AG
Original Assignee
ThyssenKrupp AG
ThyssenKrupp Presta AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ThyssenKrupp AG, ThyssenKrupp Presta AG filed Critical ThyssenKrupp AG
Publication of EP3631219A1 publication Critical patent/EP3631219A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3631219B1 publication Critical patent/EP3631219B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
    • B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
    • B62D1/16—Steering columns
    • B62D1/20—Connecting steering column to steering gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/04—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
    • F16C29/04—Ball or roller bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
    • F16C29/04—Ball or roller bearings
    • F16C29/048—Ball or roller bearings with thin walled races, e.g. tracks of sheet metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
    • F16C3/02—Shafts; Axles
    • F16C3/03—Shafts; Axles telescopic
    • F16C3/035—Shafts; Axles telescopic with built-in bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/38—Ball cages
    • F16C33/3831—Ball cages with hybrid structure, i.e. with parts made of distinct materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/38—Ball cages
    • F16C33/40—Ball cages for multiple rows of balls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
    • B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
    • B62D1/16—Steering columns
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
    • F16C29/04—Ball or roller bearings
    • F16C29/045—Ball or roller bearings having rolling elements journaled in one of the moving parts
    • F16C29/046—Ball or roller bearings having rolling elements journaled in one of the moving parts with balls journaled in pockets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/02—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions
    • F16D3/06—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions specially adapted to allow axial displacement
    • F16D3/065—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions specially adapted to allow axial displacement by means of rolling elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a steering shaft for a motor vehicle, comprising a hollow shaft in which an inner shaft is arranged coaxially telescopically in the axial direction, with at least one rolling element being received in a form-fitting manner in the circumferential direction and unrollable in the axial direction in a rolling body receiving element of a rolling body cage arranged between the inner shaft and the hollow shaft, which is received in Axial direction is arranged between radially protruding stop elements of the hollow shaft and radially protruding stop elements of the inner shaft, the rolling element cage having axial support surfaces at the end which are directed in the axial direction against the stop elements, the rolling element cage having at least one transmission element which extends axially between the supporting surfaces.
  • a rolling element cage for a steering shaft is also the subject of the invention.
  • a steering shaft telescopic in its axial direction in a motor vehicle enables the steering column to be adjusted in order to adjust the steering wheel position in the longitudinal direction.
  • the steering shaft can be pushed together in the direction of its longitudinal axis, which effectively prevents the steering shaft from penetrating into the interior of the passenger compartment and injuring the occupants.
  • a hollow shaft which is formed as an outer shaft or outer shaft by a tubular hollow profile, and an inner shaft mounted in it telescopically in the direction of the longitudinal axis (axial direction) of the steering shaft, ie coaxially and axially displaceably, at the rear end with respect to the direction of travel the steering wheel is mounted.
  • the steering shaft can be shortened or lengthened by telescoping together or pulling out the inner shaft and hollow shaft.
  • At least one, usually a plurality of rolling elements are arranged between the hollow shaft and the inner shaft.
  • the rolling bodies can roll between the outer surface of the inner shaft and the inner surface of the hollow shaft in the direction of the longitudinal axis, so that the inner shaft can be easily adjusted axially relative to the hollow shaft on roller bodies.
  • the inner shaft has groove-shaped, radially opposed rolling element raceways on its outside and the hollow shaft on its inside, between which the rolling elements are arranged and as form-fitting elements serve to form a form fit that is effective with respect to a rotation about the longitudinal axis and that connects the hollow shaft and the inner shaft with one another in a torque-locking manner.
  • Generic steering shafts are therefore also referred to as rolling sliding shafts.
  • the rolling bodies are received in a rolling body receiving element of the rolling body cage so as to be freely rotatable about their rolling axes, for example in FIG DE 10 2014 017 555 A1 described, whereby they are held and guided between the shafts and in particular at an axial distance relative to each other in position.
  • the rolling body receiving element has at least one, usually a plurality of rolling body receiving elements, for example ball receiving openings.
  • a steering column for setting the steering wheel position can be adjusted in a controlled manner within the intended adjustment path. It is known to ensure that the steering shaft is not pulled apart in the longitudinal direction beyond the maximum adjustment path, for example through improper handling or during a repair of the vehicle, whereby the inner shaft would be completely pulled out of the hollow shaft and thereby separated from the outer shaft to provide a pull-out safety device in the form of a pull-out limiting device, which limits the adjustment path of the telescoping and prevents separation of the inner and outer shaft.
  • a safety-relevant component such as a steering column, such unintentional dismantling, which leads to the separation of the steering line, must in any case be reliably prevented.
  • the ones from the DE 10 2014 017 555 A1 Known pull-out safety device comprises a first stop element which is attached to the open end of the outer shaft into which the inner shaft protrudes radially inwardly, and a second stop element which is attached to the end of the inner shaft protruding radially outwardly into the outer shaft.
  • the stop elements In the space between the outer and inner shafts, the stop elements have axial stop surfaces which lie opposite one another in the axial direction and between which the rolling element cage is located.
  • the rolling element cage has end-face support surfaces which are axially opposite the stop surfaces. The maximum extension is limited by the end stop of the extension limiter, with the stop elements abutting axially on both sides against the support surfaces of the rolling element cage.
  • the roller bearing cage absorbs the tensile force exerted when it is pulled apart via the support surfaces as an axial compressive force.
  • Large pull-out forces ie forces in the axial direction that pull the steering shaft apart, through improper or inadvertent adjustment, act accordingly as a high load on the roller bearing cage, which leads to undesirable Can lead to deformations or damage, in particular also to the rolling element receiving element, which can impair the functionality of the adjustment.
  • an object of the present invention to provide an improved steering shaft which can better absorb high pull-out forces and which has higher operational reliability, as well as an improved rolling element cage.
  • the transmission element be at least partially formed from a harder and / or more solid material than the material of the roller body receiving element.
  • the pull-out force acting on tension in the pull-out direction between the outer and inner shaft is introduced via the stop elements into the support surfaces of the rolling element cage which are axially supported against it.
  • the transmission element which according to the invention connects the support surfaces with one another in an axially rigid manner, is subjected to pressure with the pull-out force and transmits the pressure force introduced between the stop elements of the hollow shaft and the stop elements of the inner shaft.
  • the transmission element is arranged as a force transmission element parallel to the rolling body receiving element and absorbs the pull-out force acting on the rolling body cage in the end stop.
  • the force flow of the pull-out force between the inner shaft and the hollow shaft, when these are in the fully extended position, does not take place via the rolling element receiving element, as in the prior art, but rather through the transmission element.
  • the rolling element receiving element is shielded and protected against the effect of the pull-out force, so that even with extremely high load peaks, no harmful deformation occurs, which in the prior art could, for example, lead to the rolling elements being blocked in the rolling element receivers. Damage or removal of the rolling elements is also counteracted, which can lead to an obstruction or blockage of the telescopic adjustability, which can make it more difficult to push the steering column together in the event of a crash and thus impair safety.
  • a rolling element cage designed according to the invention is less sensitive to high loads exerted by improper or inadvertent actuation. This increases the operational safety of the steering shaft and thus of the steering column and the level of safety for the vehicle occupants.
  • the transmission element according to the invention is designed to be pressure-resistant and rigid in the axial direction, and extends over the axial length of the rolling element cage.
  • the transmission element is preferably designed to be harder and / or stiffer and / or more rigid with respect to compressive stress than a rolling body receiving element. If the rolling body cage has several rolling body receiving elements and / or several transmission elements, the hardness, rigidity and / or strength of the transmission elements is at least in total higher than that of the rolling body receiving elements.
  • the hardness, rigidity and / or strength of the transmission element (s) is selected to be so high that the dimensional stability with respect to mechanical stress is increased and even with the highest expected peak loads of the pull-out force, there is no significant, function-impairing deformation of the rolling element cage, and in particular a plastic deformation is prevented.
  • the transmission element is made longer in the axial direction than the rolling body receiving element.
  • the transmission element is in contact with the stop elements of the hollow shafts and the stop elements of the inner shaft via the support surfaces, but the rolling element receiving element is not loaded and does not come into contact with the respective stop elements, even if extreme loads act, which are elastic Deformation of the transmission elements in the axial direction could result.
  • the transmission element has a material thickening.
  • the cross-section can be enlarged in the radial direction, so that a profile-like longitudinal rib is formed, at the front ends of which the support surfaces are located.
  • the transmission element can be designed as a form-fit element due to the thickening of the material, which can connect the inner and hollow shaft to one another in a form-fitting manner with respect to rotation about the axis. The dimensions can be adjusted so that the material thickening in the normal operating state, when the steering torque is transmitted via the form fit through the rolling elements, in a loose form fit between the inner and hollow shaft.
  • the transmission element engages in a form-fitting manner, so that the steering shaft remains functional in an emergency.
  • the safety level of the steering column is further increased by the additional function of the transmission element according to the invention as a redundant form-locking element.
  • the material of the transmission element can be a metallic material.
  • a metallic material offers high load-bearing capacity and dimensional stability with a comparatively small material cross-section, so that a roller bearing cage designed according to the invention can be accommodated in the space available between the inner and hollow shaft without any problems.
  • the transmission element can be made of steel, for example as a high-strength and efficiently produced massive formed part, or also as a sintered part made of a metallic sintered material, or as a die-cast component made of zamak or the like.
  • the rolling element receiving element can be designed as a plastic injection molded part.
  • the production in plastic injection molding is efficient and enables an optimized shape of the rolling element receptacles in order to position and hold the rolling elements securely and at the same time to be easily rotatable.
  • a thermoplastic polymer with suitable properties for example with regard to strength and sliding properties, can be selected as the plastic.
  • a plastic material that is inexpensive to process can be used, and the rolling body receiving element can have a functionally optimized, filigree shape that has a relatively low dimensional stiffness with regard to pressure load. This results in greater freedom of design than in the prior art.
  • several rolling element receiving elements can be made available in the form of a one-piece injection-molded part.
  • the rolling element receiving element and the transmission element are designed independently of one another in terms of shape and material and are connected to one another to form the rolling element cage, an optimized adaptation to the respective function can take place.
  • the rolling element cage can be designed in the form of a sleeve, with a cross section that at least partially encloses the inner shaft.
  • the rolling element cage can be designed in the shape of a hollow cylinder, tubular section, or in the shape of a hollow profile with a non-circular or polygonal cross-sectional shape.
  • the support surfaces are then located on the end faces at both ends of the hollow profile.
  • the rolling body cage can be designed segment-like in the circumferential direction, with one or more rail-like rolling body cage segments being formed, each of which has at least one rolling body receiving element or a transmission element according to the invention, particularly preferably at least one rolling body receiving element and one transmission element.
  • At least one, preferably a plurality of such transmission elements can be arranged in the circumferential direction adjacent to a rolling body receiving element.
  • the rolling body receiving element is well shielded and secured against harmful effects of force and an acting axial stop force is reliably transmitted between the support surfaces.
  • a plurality of rolling body receiving elements and force transmission elements can be arranged distributed over the circumference, preferably alternately.
  • the transmission element and the rolling body receiving element are positively and / or non-positively and / or cohesively connected to one another.
  • the transmission element and the rolling element receiving element can be designed and designed individually depending on the expected stresses, and manufactured and made available as separate elements that are connected to one another in the subsequent production to form a rolling element cage.
  • transmission and rolling body receiving elements made of different materials can be combined with one another to form a functional unit, for example a rolling body receiving element made of plastic can be combined with a metallic transmission element.
  • transmission and rolling element receiving elements can have mutually corresponding form-fit elements that can be brought into engagement with one another to produce a form-fit connection, such as form-fit projections and depressions to produce a form-fit connection that is effective in the circumferential direction, axially and / or radially.
  • form-fit connection such as form-fit projections and depressions to produce a form-fit connection that is effective in the circumferential direction, axially and / or radially.
  • different transmission and rolling body receiving elements can be manufactured separately in terms of their properties and combined with one another to form a rolling body cage as required.
  • frictional locking elements which correspond to one another and which generate a force-locking or frictional connection that is sufficient, for example, to easily connect transmission and rolling element receiving elements to one another as a user-friendly unit for assembly in the steering shaft.
  • the transmission element there can be a material connection between the transmission element and the rolling element receiving element, for example by gluing or welding.
  • the rolling body receiving element is made of a plastic, there is the particularly advantageous manufacturing option of injection molding a rolling body receiving element onto a transmission element, or completely or partially overmolding it and at least partially embedding it in the plastic material.
  • the material connection is created by bringing the molten plastic into contact with the transfer element during injection molding and adhering to the contact surfaces.
  • the transmission element is enclosed by the plastic, it is inextricably embedded in the plastic body in a form-fitting and material-locking manner.
  • the transmission element has a reinforcement element.
  • a reinforcement element can serve to increase the dimensional rigidity, for example a compression-resistant element which is embedded in a less compression-resistant material or connected to such a material.
  • a reinforcement mesh or fabric in a plastic body.
  • the rolling body cage preferably has at least one rolling body receiving element, preferably a plurality of rolling body receiving elements, and a plurality of transmission elements.
  • rolling element receiving elements preferably a plurality of rolling body receiving elements, and a plurality of transmission elements.
  • two, three, four or more rows of rolling elements can be arranged in rolling element receiving elements distributed over the circumference, for example distributed four times symmetrically over the circumference as in the prior art cited above.
  • each of the rolling body receiving elements can each have a plurality of rolling body receiving elements arranged axially one after the other. It is advantageous if a transmission element is arranged between rolling body receiving elements which are adjacent in the circumferential direction. In this way it is possible to use the same number of rolling element receiving elements and force transmission elements, but depending on the expected maximum load, more or fewer transmission elements according to the invention can also be used.
  • the invention comprises a rolling element cage for a telescopic steering shaft, which has at least one rolling element receptacle for freely rotatable receiving of at least one rolling element, and which has axial support surfaces, a transmission element being arranged axially between the support surfaces.
  • the transmission element is at least partially formed from a harder and / or more solid material than the material of the roller body receiving element.
  • the support surfaces are arranged on both ends at the front, so that the stop force in the axial direction can be introduced into the rolling element cage as a compressive force.
  • the rolling body receptacle is preferably formed in a rolling body receiving element which is formed as described above.
  • the rolling element cage according to the invention can expressly have all of the features mentioned above in connection with the steering shaft according to the invention, individually or in combination, in particular but not exclusively with regard to the transmission element according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a schematically represented steering shaft 1, which has a hollow shaft 20, also referred to as an outer shaft or outer shaft, and an inner shaft 30, also referred to as an inner shaft, which can be telescoped against each other in the axial direction of the longitudinal axis L, ie in the one with the Double arrow indicated axial or longitudinal direction.
  • a hollow shaft 20 also referred to as an outer shaft or outer shaft
  • an inner shaft 30 also referred to as an inner shaft
  • the hollow shaft 20 has at its free end, which faces away from the inner shaft 30 in the longitudinal direction, a fork 21 which forms part of a universal joint with which the steering shaft 1 is torque-locked to the steering train, not shown.
  • the inner shaft 30 has at its free end, which faces away from the hollow shaft 20 in the longitudinal direction, a fork 31 which forms part of a further universal joint with which the steering shaft 1 is torque-locked to the steering string.
  • the hollow shaft 20 is preferably made as a hollow profile from steel that is readily cold-formable.
  • the inner shaft 30 is designed as a solid shaft in the example shown. Alternatively, however, it can also be provided that the inner shaft 20 is designed as a hollow shaft.
  • Figure 2 shows the steering shaft 1 according to Figure 1 in an exploded view in which the inner shaft 30 is shown pulled out of the hollow shaft 20 in the direction of the longitudinal axis L.
  • Rolling bodies designed as balls 4 are arranged between the hollow shaft 20 and the inner shaft 30, as shown in the cross section in FIG Figure 4 and in the longitudinal section in Figure 5 is recognizable
  • the hollow shaft 20 has grooves 22 running in the longitudinal direction in its inner surface, and the inner shaft 30 has radially opposite, corresponding grooves 32 which serve as rolling element raceways for the balls 4, ie form ball raceways.
  • the balls 4 are arranged between these grooves 22 and 32 so that they are in the direction of Longitudinal axis L can roll in it and thus form a linear roller bearing for an axial telescopic relative movement of inner shaft 30 and hollow shaft 20.
  • the balls 4 serve as form-locking elements that engage positively in the grooves 22 and 32 with respect to a relative rotation about the longitudinal axis L, whereby they transmit a torque introduced as a steering torque into the inner shaft 30 to the hollow shaft 20, or vice versa.
  • the inner shaft 30 is designed as a solid shaft. However, it is also conceivable and possible for the inner shaft 30 to be designed as a hollow shaft.
  • the balls 4 are received in a rolling element cage 5, which is designed as a ball cage.
  • the roller bearing cage 5 has a roller body receptacle 51 for each of the balls 4 in the form of a radially continuous opening in which a ball 4 is freely rotatably received with play around its ball center and protrudes radially inwards and outwards so far that it protrudes into the grooves 22 and 32 can roll unhindered in the longitudinal direction.
  • FIG Figure 3 shows a perspective view of the free end 33 of the inner shaft 30, which in the construction state of Figure 1 immersed in the opening of the hollow shaft 20.
  • a plurality of rolling element receptacles 51 is arranged in the longitudinal direction at an axial distance from one another, so that the balls 4 housed therein each form an axial row of balls 41, in the example shown from six balls 4 each.
  • the rolling element receptacles 51 for the balls 4 of a ball row 41 are each formed in a rolling element receiving element 52.
  • each of the four rolling body receiving elements 52 in the example extends in the area of the grooves 22 and 32, respectively.
  • transmission elements 53 are arranged between the rolling body receiving elements 52, the four rolling body receiving elements 52 and likewise four transmission elements 53 being alternately arranged and connected to one another in the circumferential direction.
  • the roller body cage 5 has the shape of a sleeve-shaped hollow profile with an octagonal cross section, the side surfaces of which are formed alternately by roller body receiving elements 52 and transmission elements 53.
  • the embodiment shown have the rolling body receiving elements 52 form-locking elements 521 and the transmission elements 53 form-locking elements 531 which engage with one another in a form-locking manner.
  • the form-fit elements 521 are designed as strip-like projections running in the longitudinal direction with an undercut, head-like cross-section, with which they can be positively engaged in the form-fit elements 531 formed as corresponding, undercut grooves in the transmission elements 53 in the circumferential direction.
  • the connection can be made with a material fit, for example by gluing or ultrasonic welding.
  • the transmission elements 53 each have an axial support surface 54 on their two axial end faces. In other words, each of the transmission elements 53 extends between its support surfaces 54. On the one end face facing the end 33, one of the support surfaces 54 lies axially opposite a stop element 34 which protrudes radially outward from the inner shaft 30.
  • a stop element 34 is formed, for example, by a plastically deformed area, for example a caulking, which protrudes into the space between the inner shaft 30 and the hollow shaft 20, as shown in the longitudinal section through the assembled steering shaft 1 in FIG Figure 5 is shown.
  • a stop element 24 in the axial direction which protrudes radially inward from the inside of the hollow shaft 20 into the space between the inner shaft 30 and the hollow shaft 20.
  • a stop element 24 can also be formed, as shown, by caulking, which comprises a region that is plastically deformed in the radial direction.
  • the stop elements 24 and 34 protrude into the space between the hollow shaft 20 and the inner shaft 30, in which the transmission elements 53 move forwards or backwards when the steering shaft 1 is adjusted in the direction of the longitudinal link L.
  • the stop elements 24 and 34 are moved towards one another until they abut the said support surfaces 54 against the rolling element cage 5 lying between them.
  • Figure 4 shows a cross-section through the steering shaft 1. This shows an octagonal cross-section in its basic shape, with the grooves 22 and 32, between which the rolling-body receiving elements 52 with the balls 4 are arranged, distributed evenly over the circumference in every second side surface. On the ones in between in scope The transmission elements 53 according to the invention are located on the side surfaces in the space between the inner shaft 30 and the hollow shaft 20.
  • Figure 5 shows a detail in longitudinal section AA according to Figure 4 the stop situation with the steering shaft 1 fully extended.
  • a relative pull-out force F acts on the hollow shaft 20 and the inner shaft 30.
  • This pull-out force F is transmitted as a compressive force to the support surfaces 54 via the stop elements 34 and 24.
  • the two force arrows directed against one another indicate how the pull-out force F acts axially on the transmission element 53.
  • the transmission element 53 is subjected to pressure all the more in the longitudinal direction, the greater the pull-out force F is.
  • the transmission elements 53 In order to ensure that high pull-out forces F do not cause any harmful deformation of the rolling body receiving elements 52, the transmission elements 53 according to the invention have a higher dimensional stiffness than the rolling body receiving elements 52, in particular with regard to an axial load.
  • the transmission elements 53 can be made of steel, preferably as cold-formed parts, as metallic sintered parts, as a die-cast part or as an injection-molded part. Due to their relatively simple shape as a continuous profile section in the longitudinal direction with a constant cross-section, efficient production as an endless semi-finished product is possible, from which transmission elements 53 are cut to the length specified by the rolling element cage 5. Due to the high strength and hardness, the transmission elements 53 made of metallic material can absorb high compressive forces even with relatively small material cross-sections without the risk of plastic deformations.
  • the rolling body receiving elements 52 are preferably designed as plastic injection molded parts made of thermoplastic elastomer or thermoplastic material. As a result, a complex shape for forming the roller body receptacles 51 can be implemented without any problems, and efficient production is possible.
  • the elastic plastic also makes it possible to make the rolling element receptacles 51 at least partially resilient, for example with resilient retaining elements so that the balls 4 can be resiliently snapped in and held captive in a loose form fit, which facilitates handling and assembly.
  • the form-fit elements 521 for connection to the transmission elements 53 can also be implemented in a simple manner, for example as resilient, form-fit latching elements.
  • the rolling body receiving elements 52 can only absorb a small force. This task is carried out by the Transfer elements 53 according to the invention taken over, whereby the rolling body receiving elements 52 remain essentially free of force even with high stop forces. Accordingly, even with high load peaks, there is no risk of the function of the roller bearing cage 5 being impaired.
  • the transmission elements 53 fill the polygonal cross section of the space between the hollow shaft 20 and the inner shaft 30 as in FIG Figure 4 recognizable from. As a result, they form form-locking elements with respect to a relative rotation of hollow shaft 20 and inner shaft 30, which in the operating state shown are in a loose form-fit, i.e. do not, at least not at the same time, bear against hollow shaft 20 and inner shaft 30.
  • the transmission elements 53 can take over the function as form-fit elements which enable the transmission of a steering torque.
  • the transmission elements 53 can additionally provide a redundant torque transmission between the hollow shaft 20 and the inner shaft 30.
  • the transmission elements consist of a dimensionally stable, preferably metallic material such as steel. This increases the safety level of the steering shaft and thus a steering column.
  • Figure 6 shows once again a rolling element cage 5 according to the preceding figures in a single perspective illustration without balls 4.
  • FIG. 7 8 and 9 is a second embodiment of a steering shaft 1 shown in views that the Figures 3 , 4 and 5 correspond.
  • Figure 9 shows a section BB according to Figure 8 .
  • the inner shaft 30 is designed the same as in the previous embodiment.
  • the rolling body receiving elements 52 are also designed in the same way, at least with regard to the arrangement of the balls 4.
  • the rolling body receiving elements 52 are connected to one another in the circumferential direction in the manner of a ring via web-shaped connecting elements 55 to form a sleeve-like structure which, together with the rolling body receiving elements 52, is designed as a one-piece plastic injection-molded part. This is good in the cross section of Figure 8 recognizable.
  • the connecting element 55 also serves as a fastening element, which can be inserted in a form-fitting manner for fastening in a form-fitting element 532 in the form of a corresponding depression or recess in the transmission element 53.
  • the holding effect can be provided by latching elements (not shown), static friction, or additionally or alternatively be done by gluing or ultrasonic welding.
  • the assembly in the assembled state is in the Figures 8 and 9 recognizable, the longitudinal section BB in Figure 9 the positive engagement of the connecting element 55 in the positive locking element 532. As a result, the transmission element 53 is held securely in position on the rolling element cage 5.
  • FIG. 10 shows in a cross-sectional view as in FIG Figures 4 and 7th a third embodiment.
  • two rolling body receiving elements 52 are connected to one another in one piece via a connecting element 55, preferably in the form of a plastic injection-molded part.
  • Via two transmission elements 53 which can be designed in the same way as in the in Figure 4
  • the two rolling element receiving elements 52 are connected to one another to form a rolling element cage 5 which is sleeve-shaped as a whole.
  • Corresponding form-locking elements 521, 531 can also be provided for the connection.
  • FIG 11 Another possible embodiment is in Figure 11 also shown in cross section.
  • there are two individual, separate rolling body receiving elements 52 which can be designed similarly to that in FIG Figure 4 , connected to one another via a transmission element 53, which can be configured similar to that in FIG Figure 10 or 4th .
  • the rolling element cage 5 is not closed in the form of a sleeve, is made in one piece, but is divided into two parts in the longitudinal direction in the region 25 of the space. As a result, a segment-like design is realized which enables radial mounting on the inner shaft 30.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Steering Controls (AREA)
  • Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Arbre de direction (1) destiné à un véhicule automobile, ledit arbre comprenant un arbre creux (20) dans lequel un arbre intérieur (30) est disposé coaxialement de manière télescopique dans la direction axiale, au moins un élément roulant (4) étant reçu, par complémentarité de formes dans la direction circonférentielle et de manière à pouvoir rouler dans la direction axiale, dans un élément de réception d'éléments roulants (52) d'une cage d'éléments roulants (5) qui est disposée entre l'arbre intérieur (30) et l'arbre creux (20) et qui est disposée dans la direction axiale entre des éléments de butée (24), faisant saillie radialement, de l'arbre creux (20) et des éléments de butée (34), faisant saillie radialement, de l'arbre intérieur (30), la cage d'éléments roulants (5) comportant des surfaces de support axiales (54) du côté extrémité qui sont dirigées dans la direction axiale vers les éléments de butée (24, 34),
    la cage d'éléments de roulement (5) comportant au moins un élément de transmission (53) qui s'étend axialement entre les surfaces de support (54), caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément de transmission (53) est au moins partiellement formé à partir d'un matériau plus dur et/ou plus résistant que le matériau de l'élément de réception d'éléments roulants (52).
  2. Arbre de direction selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de transmission (53) est conçu pour être plus dur et/ou plus rigide et/ou plus résistant que l'élément de réception d'éléments roulants (52).
  3. Arbre de direction selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de transmission (53) comporte un épaississement de matériau.
  4. Arbre de direction selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le matériau de l'élément de transmission (53) est un matériau métallique.
  5. Arbre de direction selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de réception d'éléments roulants (52) est réalisé sous la forme d'une pièce moulée par injection de matière synthétique.
  6. Arbre de direction selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de transmission (53) et l'élément de réception d'éléments roulants (52) sont reliés l'un à l'autre par une liaison par complémentarité de formes et/ou une liaison en force et/ou une liaison de matière.
  7. Arbre de direction selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de transmission (53) comporte un élément de renforcement.
  8. Arbre de direction selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la cage d'éléments roulants (5) comporte au moins un élément de réception d'éléments roulants (52) et une pluralité d'éléments de transmission (53) et.
  9. Arbre de direction selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la cage d'éléments roulants (5) est en forme de manchon.
  10. Cage d'éléments roulants (5) destinée à un arbre de direction télescopique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, laquelle cage comporte au moins un logement d'éléments roulants (51) destiné à recevoir en rotation libre au moins un élément roulant (4) et comporte des surfaces de support axiales (54), un élément de transmission (53) étant disposé axialement entre les surfaces de support (54), caractérisé en ce que l'élément de transmission (53) est formé au moins partiellement d'un matériau plus dur et/ou plus résistant que le matériau de l'élément de réception d'éléments roulants (52).
EP18728342.9A 2017-05-31 2018-05-25 Arbre de direction pour un véhicule automobile Active EP3631219B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017209167.3A DE102017209167A1 (de) 2017-05-31 2017-05-31 Lenkwelle für ein Kraftfahrzeug
PCT/EP2018/063805 WO2018219817A1 (fr) 2017-05-31 2018-05-25 Arbre de direction pour un véhicule automobile

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3631219A1 EP3631219A1 (fr) 2020-04-08
EP3631219B1 true EP3631219B1 (fr) 2021-06-23

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EP18728342.9A Active EP3631219B1 (fr) 2017-05-31 2018-05-25 Arbre de direction pour un véhicule automobile

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US11472466B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3631219B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN110719999B (fr)
DE (1) DE102017209167A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2883647T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018219817A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2883647T3 (es) 2021-12-09
US11472466B2 (en) 2022-10-18
CN110719999A (zh) 2020-01-21
US20200156693A1 (en) 2020-05-21
EP3631219A1 (fr) 2020-04-08
WO2018219817A1 (fr) 2018-12-06
CN110719999B (zh) 2022-05-27
DE102017209167A1 (de) 2018-12-06

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