EP3628416A1 - Process and system for continuously casting a metal product - Google Patents
Process and system for continuously casting a metal product Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3628416A1 EP3628416A1 EP19197237.1A EP19197237A EP3628416A1 EP 3628416 A1 EP3628416 A1 EP 3628416A1 EP 19197237 A EP19197237 A EP 19197237A EP 3628416 A1 EP3628416 A1 EP 3628416A1
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- Prior art keywords
- strand
- thickness
- comparison value
- supporting
- guide
- Prior art date
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- IHQKEDIOMGYHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dimethylarsinate Chemical class [Na+].C[As](C)([O-])=O IHQKEDIOMGYHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000283153 Cetacea Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011326 mechanical measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting
- B22D11/142—Plants for continuous casting for curved casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting
- B22D11/144—Plants for continuous casting with a rotating mould
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
- B22D11/188—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to thickness of solidified shell
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for the continuous casting of a metallic product according to the preamble of claim 1, and a continuous caster according to the preamble of claim 10.
- the liquid metal is continuously poured into a mold, a first strand shell being formed there.
- the strand emerges downward from the mold, the strand then being transported along a supporting strand guide.
- the strand is then moved along another strand guide with a straightening area through which the strand is deflected in the horizontal direction.
- further processing stations for the strand, or partial products formed therefrom can be provided along the strand guide, for example in the form of rolling mills through which the strand is passed.
- the cooling capacity in the area of the supporting strand guide and the casting speed are set such that the bottom tip of the strand is always in front of or upstream of the last pair of support rollers at the end of the supporting strand guide in an optimal operating sequence.
- DE 1 558 345 A is known to sense or scan bumps in unsupported areas of metal strands in the continuous casting process, namely by using mechanical sensors with rotatable and heat-resistant wheels that roll on the broad sides of the moving strand. Because these mechanical sensors can be moved back and forth in a direction perpendicular to the direction of conveyance of the strand, dents can be sensed which form on at least one broad side of the strand when the strand is bulged. In this case it can be provided to change the casting speed or to adjust the amount of water that is sprayed onto the moving strand in the region of the supporting strand guide.
- the measuring principle according to DE 1 558 345 A with which bulges or an increase in thickness is mechanically determined with a contacting measuring roller on the surface of a moving strand after it emerges from a supporting strand guide, is subject to various disadvantages, e.g. wear of the wheels of the mechanical sensors due to the high temperatures of the strand . Furthermore, measurement errors can result if these wheels do not roll cleanly on the broad sides of the strand.
- the invention has for its object to optimize the continuous casting of a metallic product in terms of quality improvement and at the same time to increase operational reliability.
- a method according to the present invention is used to manufacture a metallic product.
- a strand of the metallic product continuously emerges from a mold, in particular vertically downward, and is then transported along a supporting strand guide in a conveying direction, the strand being deflected in a directional area in the horizontal direction.
- a thickness of the strand is measured by a radar measuring device at a measuring position where the strand immediately leaves the supporting strand guide, and then in step (ii) the measured strand thickness is compared with a first predetermined comparison value .
- a step (iii) if the measured strand thickness is greater than the first predetermined comparison value, at least one casting parameter is changed such that the bottom tip of the strand moves in the direction of the mold.
- the invention provides a continuous caster for producing a metallic product.
- a system comprises a mold and a supporting strand guide adjoining the mold, along which a strand emerging from the mold in particular vertically downwards can be transported in a conveying direction.
- another strand guide is provided with a straightening area through which the strand can be deflected in the horizontal direction.
- a radar measuring device with which a thickness of the strand can be measured at a measuring position located directly at the end of the supporting strand guide
- a control device which is connected to the radar measuring device for signaling purposes, are provided with a computing unit with which the measured strand thickness can be measured with a first predetermined comparison value can be compared.
- control device is set up in such a way that if the measured strand thickness is greater than the first predetermined comparison value, a control signal can then be used to change at least one casting parameter in such a way that the bottom tip of the strand moves in the direction of the mold.
- the invention is based on the essential finding that the measurement of a thickness of the strand at a measuring position where the strand immediately leaves the supporting strand guide is carried out using radar technology.
- a radar measuring device is arranged directly at the end of the supporting strand guide, namely where the strand exits the supporting strand guide.
- radar measurement technology has the advantages that temperature radiation in the near IR range, which emanates from the hot line, does not influence the radar measurement, and that water vapor that arises from the Strand cooling using water occurs without the measurement being distorted from the radar beams to the strand.
- a radar measurement is insensitive to soiling compared to an optical measurement using a laser and a mechanical measurement using a touching measuring roller.
- the radar measuring device With regard to the positioning of the radar measuring device in the continuous casting installation, it is recommended that a relatively large distance from the hot strand be maintained. This is possible thanks to the contactless radar measurement. Such a sufficiently large distance between the radar measuring device and the hot strand ensures good protection of the radar electronics against the radiation heat emanating from the strand.
- the radar measuring device is arranged relative to the supporting strand guide and the strand emerging therefrom in such a way that the radar beams or waves are directed essentially perpendicularly to a surface of the strand, namely on its broad side (s). In this way, the radar beams are directed or transmitted perpendicularly to the surface of at least one broad side of the strand by the radar measuring device.
- the radar beams are directed vertically from both sides of the strand onto its broad sides. This ensures a uniform and complete measurement of the thickness of the strand immediately after it has left the supporting strand guide, in conjunction with a detection of possible "bumps" on the surfaces of the broad sides.
- Such monitoring of the string from both sides can be achieved in that the radar measuring device has separate transmitting / receiving modules which are arranged on both sides of the broad sides of the string and emit their radar beams or waves essentially perpendicularly to the broad sides of the string .
- the radar measuring device can also have separate parabolic elements which are arranged on both sides of the broad sides of the strand and which align the radar beams essentially perpendicularly to the broad sides of the strand.
- the actual radar measuring device with its sensitive transmitter / receiver unit, can be positioned at a sufficient distance from the hot strand and related components of the continuous casting installation.
- a further improved protection of the radar measuring device against the high temperatures of the string can be achieved by thermal insulation layers in which the radar measuring device is encapsulated. This is possible because radar beams penetrate such dielectric materials in the form of thermal insulation layers.
- An important feature of the method according to the invention, and in the same way of a control device of the continuous casting installation according to the invention, is that in the event that the strand thickness measured by the radar measuring device is greater than the first predetermined comparison value, then at least one casting parameter in is changed in such a way that the sump tip of the strand moves in the direction of the mold.
- the bottom of the sump - as seen in the direction of conveyance of the strand - is shifted upstream and thereby "migrates" back into the supporting strand guide.
- the said change of at least one casting parameter expediently consists in that the casting speed is reduced, but is not set lower than a minimum casting speed at which the bottom tip of the strand is below LiquidCoreReduction (LCR) segments of the supported strand guide.
- LCR LiquidCoreReduction
- the first predetermined comparison value with which the strand thickness measured by the radar measuring device is compared in step (ii) is a distance between the last two support rollers at the end of the supporting strand guide, i.e. at their exit area, where the moving strand leaves the supporting strand guide.
- this spacing of the two last support rollers from one another their deflection is also taken into account, which can occur when the strand is passed between these opposite support rollers.
- the casting speed can then be reduced will.
- a reduction in the casting speed has an immediate effect on the entire length of the strand, and thus also on the position of the bottom tip of the strand, which is hereby shifted upstream, ie counter to the conveying direction of the strand, in the direction of the mold.
- the thickness of the strand after it has left the supporting strand guide is measured exactly by means of a radar measurement.
- possible bulges of the strand when it emerges from the supporting strand guide can be recognized precisely and reliably, in connection with the initiation of an immediate "countermeasure", preferably in the form of a reduction in the casting speed.
- the continuous casting installation 10 comprises a mold 12, which is followed by a supporting strand guide 13 with a total of four segments 13.1-13.4.
- Fig. 4 liquid metal is poured into the mold 12 in the area of a melt inlet 6, in which case a strand S with an initially still liquid core 7 enters the supporting strand guide 13 from the mold 12 downwards.
- a strand S with an initially still liquid core 7 enters the supporting strand guide 13 from the mold 12 downwards.
- These support roller pairs 14, 14 ' are each acted upon by position-controlled or position-controlled hydraulic cylinders, not shown, so that they overcome the hydrostatic pressures of the melt 8 and can thereby cause a local reduction in thickness in the strand.
- This applies in particular to the first two segments 13.1, 13.2 of the supporting strand guide 13, where the strand S with its liquid core 7 can be reduced in thickness by compressing the segments, which is also referred to as LiquidCoreReduction ( LCR).
- FIG. 1 Another strand guide 19 with a straightening area I, in which the strand S is deflected by bending rollers 22 in the horizontal direction. Following the straightening area I, a pair of scissors 23 is arranged in the strand guide 19, followed by at least one rolling mill 24 and a furnace 26 arranged in front of it.
- the continuous caster 10 comprises a radar measuring device 16, with which a thickness of the strand S is measured at a measuring position 18, namely directly where the strand from the supporting strand guide 13 after passing through the last pair of support rollers 14L, 14L ' exit.
- This measurement position 18 is indicated by an arrow in the Fig. 1 illustrated.
- the radar measuring device 16 has separate transmitting / receiving modules 16.1, 16.2, which are each arranged on both sides of the broad sides of the strand S and with which radar beams are then directed perpendicularly to the surface of a broad side of the strand.
- the distance between these transmitting / receiving modules 16.1, 16.2 from the supporting strand guide 13 and the hot strand S guided therein is sufficiently large that these modules are not damaged by the thermal radiation emanating from the strand S.
- each parabolic element 17.1, 17.2 is provided, which are arranged on both sides of the broad sides B1, B2 of the strand S, in order thereby to direct the radar beams essentially perpendicularly to the broad sides B1, B2. This makes it possible to arrange the actual radar measuring device 16 in the radiation shadow, thereby ensuring a further improved protection against the heat radiation of the strand S.
- the continuous casting installation 10 comprises a control device 20 with a computing unit 21, which is connected to the radar measuring device 16, the bending rollers 22 in the area of the strand guide 19 and the at least one rolling mill 24 in terms of signals Fig. 1 each symbolized by dotted lines.
- This ensures that on the one hand the strand thickness measured by the radar measuring device 16 is transmitted to the computing unit 21, and that the computing unit 21 on the other hand also information relating both to a distance between the bending rollers 22 and to the distance from (not shown) Work rolls of the rolling mill 24 receives.
- control device 20 both to the mold 20 and to the scissors 23, symbolizing that suitable control signals can be generated by the control device 20 in order to change both a casting speed in the mold 12 and the scissors 23 - if required - to operate, as explained separately below.
- a minimum casting speed V min is determined on the basis of the current process values (chemical analysis of the material, strand thickness, cooling capacity set for the segments 13.1-13.4 of the supporting strand guide 13), at which the bottom tip SP below the two LCR segments 13.1, 13.2 lies (see illustration in Fig. 4 ).
- the radar measuring device 16 continuously measures a thickness of the strand S, as explained above at the measuring position 18, ie immediately where the strand S emerges from the end 15 of the supporting strand guide 13. This corresponds to a step (i) of a method according to the present invention, the measured strand thickness being transmitted to the computing unit 21 of the control device 20.
- the measured strand thickness is compared with a first Predetermined comparison value compared, which corresponds to a distance between the two last support rollers 14L, 14L 'to each other.
- the control device 20 immediately generates a control signal with which, for example, the casting speed is set to a reduced value V red .
- a query is carried out in the computing unit 21 for the further course of the continuous casting process as to whether the strand thickness measured by the radar measuring device 16 in step (i) is less than a predetermined second comparison value , which corresponds to a distance from bending rollers 22 arranged opposite one another. If a "No" is determined with this query, which means that the strand thickening of the strand S can no longer be transported through the bending rollers 22, the control device 20 outputs a control signal for an immediate stop of casting in order to further damage the strand guide 19 to avoid the continuous caster 12.
- a further query is made in the computing unit 21 as to whether the strand thickness measured by the radar measuring device 16 in step (i) is smaller than a predetermined third comparison value, which corresponds to a distance from opposing work rolls in the rolling mill 24. If a "No" is determined in this query, this means that the existing strand thickening in the rolling mill 24 cannot be brought to a desired final dimension. Therefore, the control device 20 then generates a control signal for the scissors 23, by means of which the thickened section of the strand S is separated from the strand guide 19 and shredded accordingly.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Anlage (10) zum Stranggießen eines metallischen Produkts. Die Stranggießanlage (10) umfasst eine Kokille (12), eine sich an die Kokille (12) anschließende stützende Strangführung (13), entlang der ein aus der Kokille (12) insbesondere senkrecht nach unten austretender Strang (S) in einer Förderrichtung (F) transportiert werden kann, und eine sich an die stützende Strangführung (13) anschließende weitere Strangführung (19) mit einem Richtbereich (I), durch den der Strang (S) in die horizontale Richtung umgelenkt werden kann. Durch eine Radar-Messeinrichtung (16) wird eine Dicke des Strangs (S) an einer unmittelbar am Ende (15) der stützenden Strangführung (13) liegenden Messposition (18) gemessen. Durch eine mit der Radar-Messeinrichtung (16) signaltechnisch verbundene Steuereinrichtung (20) mit einer Recheneinheit (21) ist die gemessene Strangdicke mit einem ersten vorbestimmten Vergleichswert vergleichbar. Falls die gemessene Strangdicke größer ist als der erste vorbestimmte Vergleichswert, wird ein Steuersignal erzeugt, mit dem zumindest ein Gießparameter derart verändert wird, dass die Sumpfspitze des Strangs (S) in Richtung der Kokille (12) wandert.The invention relates to a method and a system (10) for the continuous casting of a metallic product. The continuous casting installation (10) comprises a mold (12), a supporting strand guide (13) adjoining the mold (12), along which a strand (S) emerging from the mold (12) in particular vertically downwards in a conveying direction (F ) can be transported, and a further strand guide (19) adjoining the supporting strand guide (13) with a straightening area (I) through which the strand (S) can be deflected in the horizontal direction. A radar measuring device (16) measures a thickness of the strand (S) at a measuring position (18) located directly at the end (15) of the supporting strand guide (13). The measured strand thickness can be compared with a first predetermined comparison value by means of a control device (20) with a computing unit (21) connected to the radar measuring device (16) for signaling purposes. If the measured strand thickness is greater than the first predetermined comparison value, a control signal is generated with which at least one casting parameter is changed such that the bottom tip of the strand (S) moves in the direction of the mold (12).
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Stranggießen eines metallischen Produkts nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1, und eine Stranggießanlage nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 10.The invention relates to a method for the continuous casting of a metallic product according to the preamble of claim 1, and a continuous caster according to the preamble of
Bei der Herstellung von metallischen Produkten in einer Stranggießanlage wird das flüssige Metall kontinuierlich in einer Kokille vergossen, wobei sich dort eine erste Strangschale ausbildet. In der Regel tritt der Strang nach unten aus der Kokille aus, wobei der Strang anschließend entlang einer stützenden Strangführung transportiert wird. Nach dem Austreten aus der stützenden Strangführung wird der Strang dann entlang einer weiteren Strangführung mit einem Richtbereich bewegt, durch den der Strang in die horizontale Richtung umgelenkt wird. Im Anschluss hieran können entlang der Strangführung weitere Bearbeitungsstationen für den Strang, oder daraus gebildeter Teilprodukte, vorgesehen sein, zum Beispiel in Form von Walzwerken, durch die der Strang hindurchgeleitet wird.In the manufacture of metallic products in a continuous caster, the liquid metal is continuously poured into a mold, a first strand shell being formed there. As a rule, the strand emerges downward from the mold, the strand then being transported along a supporting strand guide. After exiting the supporting strand guide, the strand is then moved along another strand guide with a straightening area through which the strand is deflected in the horizontal direction. Subsequent to this, further processing stations for the strand, or partial products formed therefrom, can be provided along the strand guide, for example in the form of rolling mills through which the strand is passed.
Beim Stranggießprozess ist von großer Bedeutung, dass der Strang bereits innerhalb der stützenden Strangführung vollkommen erhärtet bzw. durcherstarrt, um das Ausbrechen des flüssigen Metallkernes zu verhindern und die weitere Bearbeitung des Strangs zu ermöglichen. Zu diesem Zweck werden die Kühlleistung im Bereich der stützenden Strangführung als auch die Gießgeschwindigkeit, derart eingestellt, dass bei einem optimalen Betriebsablauf sich die Sumpfspitze des Strangs stets vor bzw. stromaufwärts des letzten Stützrollen-Paars am Ende der stützenden Strangführung befindet.In the continuous casting process, it is very important that the strand completely harden or solidify within the supporting strand guide in order to prevent the liquid metal core from breaking out and to enable the strand to be further processed. For this purpose, the cooling capacity in the area of the supporting strand guide and the casting speed are set such that the bottom tip of the strand is always in front of or upstream of the last pair of support rollers at the end of the supporting strand guide in an optimal operating sequence.
Falls beim Stranggießprozess, z.B. in Folge einer zu hohen Gießgeschwindigkeit, die Sumpfspitze des Stranges hinter bzw. stromabwärts des letzten Stützrollen-Paars der stützenden Strangführung liegt und somit aus der stützenden Strangführung "herausgewandert" ist, tritt das Problem auf, dass der Strang ausbauchen kann, weil nun dem hydrostatischen Druck der flüssigen Schmelze ein Gegendruck durch ein Stützrollenpaar-Paar fehlt. Hierdurch können sich während der Bewegung des Stranges in einem nicht Bereich der Strangführung, der nicht zur Stützung des Stranges beiträgt und sich - in einer Förderrichtung des Strangs gesehen - stromabwärts von der stützenden Strangführung befindet, durch eine Dickenzunahme des Strangs Beulen entwickeln.If, during the continuous casting process, for example as a result of an excessively high casting speed, the bottom of the strand lies behind or downstream of the last support roller pair of the supporting strand guide and thus "migrated" out of the supporting strand guide, the problem arises that the strand bulge, because the hydrostatic pressure of the liquid melt is now missing a counter pressure by a pair of support rollers. As a result, during the movement of the strand in a non-area of the strand guide which does not contribute to the support of the strand and - seen in a conveying direction of the strand - downstream of the supporting strand guide, bulges can develop due to an increase in the thickness of the strand.
Nach dem Stand der Technik ist es aus
Das Messprinzip gemäß
Nach dem Stand der Technik ist es ferner bekannt, eine Dickenmessung des Strangs durch Verwendung von Laserstrahlen durchzuführen. Jedoch unterliegt ein solches optisches Verfahren dem Nachteil, dass Wasserdampf, der sich in der Messumgebung wegen der Kühlung des Stranges mit Wasser bilden kann, dann die Laserstrahlen entweder blockiert oder zumindest ablenkt, was zu verfälschten Messergebnissen führt. Des Weiteren unterliegt der Einsatz von Laserstrahlen ebenfalls dem Nachteil einer möglichen Verschmutzung der Apertur.It is also known from the prior art to carry out a thickness measurement of the strand by using laser beams. However, such an optical method is subject to the disadvantage that water vapor, which can form in the measurement environment due to the cooling of the strand with water, then the laser beams are either blocked or at least deflected, which leads to falsified measurement results. Furthermore, the use of laser beams is also subject to the disadvantage of possible contamination of the aperture.
Beim Stranggießprozess wird die Position der Sumpfspitze des Stranges in der Regel mit mathematisch-physikalischen Modellen überwacht. Dennoch gibt es Gründe dafür, dass die Sumpfspitze den Bereich der stützenden Strangführung verlässt bzw. daraus herausläuft. Diese Gründe können sein:
- eine Überhitzung, die im tatsächlichen Gießprozess höher ist als dem mathematisch-physikalischen Modell zugeführt wurde,
- zu große Maulweiten der Segmente der stützenden Strangführung, die im tatsächlichen Gießprozess höher sind als dem mathematisch-physikalischen Modell zugeführt wurde,
- reduzierte Sekundärkühlung, die im tatsächlichen Gießprozess geringer ist als dem mathematisch-physikalischen Modell zugeführt wurde,
- geänderte chemische Zusammensetzung des Werkstoffs, aus dem der Strang vergossen wird, wobei diese geänderte chemischen Zusammensetzung dem mathematisch-physikalischen Modell nicht zugeführt wurde, und/oder
- Modellfehler in dem mathematisch-physikalischen Modell.
- overheating, which is higher in the actual casting process than the mathematical-physical model,
- excessively large jaw widths of the segments of the supporting strand guide, which are higher in the actual casting process than was supplied to the mathematical-physical model,
- reduced secondary cooling, which is less in the actual casting process than was supplied to the mathematical-physical model,
- changed chemical composition of the material from which the strand is cast, this changed chemical composition not being added to the mathematical-physical model, and / or
- Model errors in the mathematical-physical model.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das Stranggießen eines metallischen Produkts hinsichtlich einer Qualitätsverbesserung zu optimieren und gleichzeitig die Betriebssicherheit zu erhöhen.The invention has for its object to optimize the continuous casting of a metallic product in terms of quality improvement and at the same time to increase operational reliability.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und durch eine Stranggießanlage mit den Merkmalen von Anspruch 10 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen definiert.This object is achieved by a method according to claim 1 and by a continuous caster with the features of
Ein Verfahren nach der vorliegenden Erfindung dient zum Herstellen eines metallischen Produkts. Hierbei tritt in einer Stranggießanlage ein Strang des metallischen Produkts kontinuierlich aus einer Kokille insbesondere senkrecht nach unten aus und wird anschließend entlang einer stützenden Strangführung in einer Förderrichtung transportiert, wobei der Strang in einem Richtbereich in die horizontale Richtung umgelenkt wird. Bei diesem Verfahren wird in einem Schritt (i) eine Dicke des Strangs durch eine Radar-Messeinrichtung an einer Messposition gemessen, wo der Strang die stützende Strangführung unmittelbar verlässt, und anschließend in einem Schritt (ii) die gemessene Strangdicke mit einem ersten vorbestimmten Vergleichswert verglichen. Hiernach wird dann in einem Schritt (iii), falls die gemessene Strangdicke größer ist als der erste vorbestimmte Vergleichswert, zumindest ein Gießparameter derart verändert, dass die Sumpfspitze des Strangs in Richtung der Kokille wandert.A method according to the present invention is used to manufacture a metallic product. In this case, in a continuous casting installation, a strand of the metallic product continuously emerges from a mold, in particular vertically downward, and is then transported along a supporting strand guide in a conveying direction, the strand being deflected in a directional area in the horizontal direction. In this method, in step (i) a thickness of the strand is measured by a radar measuring device at a measuring position where the strand immediately leaves the supporting strand guide, and then in step (ii) the measured strand thickness is compared with a first predetermined comparison value . Then, in a step (iii), if the measured strand thickness is greater than the first predetermined comparison value, at least one casting parameter is changed such that the bottom tip of the strand moves in the direction of the mold.
In gleicher Weise sieht die Erfindung eine Stranggießanlage zur Herstellung eines metallischen Produkts vor. Eine solche Anlage umfasst eine Kokille, und eine sich an die Kokille anschließende stützende Strangführung, entlang der ein aus der Kokille insbesondere senkrecht nach unten austretender Strang in einer Förderrichtung transportiert werden kann. Im Anschluss an die stützende Strangführung ist eine weitere Strangführung mit einem Richtbereich vorgesehen, durch den der Strang in die horizontale Richtung umgelenkt werden kann. Des Weiteren sind eine Radar-Messeinrichtung, mit der eine Dicke des Strangs an einer unmittelbar am Ende der stützenden Strangführung liegenden Messposition gemessen werden kann, und eine mit der Radar-Messeinrichtung signaltechnisch verbundene Steuereinrichtung mit einer Recheneinheit vorgesehen, mit der die gemessene Strangdicke mit einem ersten vorbestimmten Vergleichswert verglichen werden kann. Die Steuereinrichtung ist programmtechnisch derart eingerichtet, dass, falls die gemessene Strangdicke größer ist als der erste vorbestimmte Vergleichswert ist, dann ein Steuersignal werden kann, mit dem zumindest ein Gießparameter derart verändert wird, dass die Sumpfspitze des Strangs in Richtung der Kokille wandert.In the same way, the invention provides a continuous caster for producing a metallic product. Such a system comprises a mold and a supporting strand guide adjoining the mold, along which a strand emerging from the mold in particular vertically downwards can be transported in a conveying direction. Following the supporting strand guide, another strand guide is provided with a straightening area through which the strand can be deflected in the horizontal direction. Furthermore, a radar measuring device, with which a thickness of the strand can be measured at a measuring position located directly at the end of the supporting strand guide, and a control device, which is connected to the radar measuring device for signaling purposes, are provided with a computing unit with which the measured strand thickness can be measured with a first predetermined comparison value can be compared. In terms of programming, the control device is set up in such a way that if the measured strand thickness is greater than the first predetermined comparison value, a control signal can then be used to change at least one casting parameter in such a way that the bottom tip of the strand moves in the direction of the mold.
Der Erfindung liegt die wesentliche Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass die Vermessung einer Dicke des Strangs an einer Messposition, wo der Strang die stützende Strangführung unmittelbar verlässt, mittels Radartechnologie durchgeführt wird. Zu diesem Zweck ist eine Radar-Messeinrichtung unmittelbar am Ende der stützenden Strangführung angeordnet, nämlich dort, wo der Strang aus der stützenden Strangführung austritt. Die Radar-Messtechnik hat im Vergleich zu den eingangs genannten Messmethoden nach dem Stand der Technik die Vorteile, dass eine Temperaturstrahlung im nahen IR-Bereich, die vom heißen Strang ausgeht, die Radarmessung nicht beeinflusst, und dass in der Messumgebung Wasserdampf, der aus der Strangkühlung mittels Wasser entsteht, ohne Verfälschung der Messung von den Radarstrahlen bis zum Strang durchdrungen wird. Darüber hinaus ist eine Radarmessung gegenüber einer optischen Messung mittels Laser als auch einer mechanischen Messung mittels einer berührenden Messrolle unempfindlich(er) gegenüber einer Verschmutzung.The invention is based on the essential finding that the measurement of a thickness of the strand at a measuring position where the strand immediately leaves the supporting strand guide is carried out using radar technology. For this purpose, a radar measuring device is arranged directly at the end of the supporting strand guide, namely where the strand exits the supporting strand guide. Compared to the above-mentioned measurement methods according to the prior art, radar measurement technology has the advantages that temperature radiation in the near IR range, which emanates from the hot line, does not influence the radar measurement, and that water vapor that arises from the Strand cooling using water occurs without the measurement being distorted from the radar beams to the strand. In addition, a radar measurement is insensitive to soiling compared to an optical measurement using a laser and a mechanical measurement using a touching measuring roller.
Hinsichtlich der Positionierung der Radar-Messeinrichtung in der Stranggießanlage empfiehlt sich, dass hierbei ein relativ großer Abstand zum heißen Strang eingehalten wird. Dies ist dank der berührungslosen Radarmessung möglich. Durch einen solch ausreichend großen Abstand der Radar-Messeinrichtung von dem heißen Strang ist ein guter Schutz der Radarelektronik gegenüber der dem Strang ausgehenden Strahlungshitze gewährleistet.With regard to the positioning of the radar measuring device in the continuous casting installation, it is recommended that a relatively large distance from the hot strand be maintained. This is possible thanks to the contactless radar measurement. Such a sufficiently large distance between the radar measuring device and the hot strand ensures good protection of the radar electronics against the radiation heat emanating from the strand.
Eine Anordnung der Radar-Messeinrichtung relativ zu der stützenden Strangführung und dem daraus austretenden Strang erfolgt derart, dass die Radarstrahlen bzw. -wellen im Wesentlichen senkrecht auf eine Oberfläche des Strangs, nämlich auf dessen Breitseite(n) gerichtet sind. In dieser Weise werden die Radarstrahlen durch die Radar-Messeinrichtung senkrecht auf die Oberfläche von zumindest einer Breitseite des Strangs gerichtet bzw. gesendet.The radar measuring device is arranged relative to the supporting strand guide and the strand emerging therefrom in such a way that the radar beams or waves are directed essentially perpendicularly to a surface of the strand, namely on its broad side (s). In this way, the radar beams are directed or transmitted perpendicularly to the surface of at least one broad side of the strand by the radar measuring device.
In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung werden die Radarstrahlen ausgehend von der Radar-Messeinrichtung von beiden Seiten des Strangs her senkrecht auf dessen Breitseiten gerichtet. Dies gewährleistet eine gleichmäßige und lückenlose Messung der Dicke des Strangs, unmittelbar nachdem dieser aus der stützenden Strangführung ausgetreten ist, in Verbindung mit einer Erkennung von möglichen "Beulen" an den Oberflächen der Breitseiten. Eine solche Überwachung des Strangs von beiden Seiten her kann dadurch erreicht werden, dass die Radar-Messeinrichtung separate Sende-/Empfangsmodule aufweist, die beiderseits der Breitseiten des Strangs angeordnet sind und ihre Radarstrahlen bzw. -wellen im Wesentlichen senkrecht auf die Breitseiten des Strangs aussenden. Ergänzend und/oder alternativ hierzu kann die Radar-Messeinrichtung auch separate Parabol-Elemente, die beiderseits der Breitseiten des Strangs angeordnet sind und die Radarstrahlen im Wesentlichen senkrecht auf die Breitseiten des Strangs ausrichten. Durch eine solche Umlenkung der Radarstrahlen mittels der Parabol-Elemente kann die eigentliche Radar-Messeinrichtung, mit ihrer empfindlichen Sende-/Empfangseinheit, in einer ausreichenden Entfernung von dem heißen Strang und damit in Verbindung stehenden Komponenten der Stranggießanlage positioniert werden.In an advantageous development of the invention, starting from the radar measuring device, the radar beams are directed vertically from both sides of the strand onto its broad sides. This ensures a uniform and complete measurement of the thickness of the strand immediately after it has left the supporting strand guide, in conjunction with a detection of possible "bumps" on the surfaces of the broad sides. Such monitoring of the string from both sides can be achieved in that the radar measuring device has separate transmitting / receiving modules which are arranged on both sides of the broad sides of the string and emit their radar beams or waves essentially perpendicularly to the broad sides of the string . In addition and / or as an alternative to this, the radar measuring device can also have separate parabolic elements which are arranged on both sides of the broad sides of the strand and which align the radar beams essentially perpendicularly to the broad sides of the strand. By such a deflection of the radar beams by means of the parabolic elements, the actual radar measuring device, with its sensitive transmitter / receiver unit, can be positioned at a sufficient distance from the hot strand and related components of the continuous casting installation.
Ein weiter verbesserter Schutz der Radar-Messeinrichtung gegenüber den hohen Temperaturen des Strangs kann durch thermische Isolationsschichten erreicht werden, in denen die Radar-Messeinrichtung gekapselt aufgenommen ist. Dies ist deshalb möglich, weil Radarstrahlen solchen dielektrischen Materialien in Form er thermischen Isolationsschichten durchdringen.A further improved protection of the radar measuring device against the high temperatures of the string can be achieved by thermal insulation layers in which the radar measuring device is encapsulated. This is possible because radar beams penetrate such dielectric materials in the form of thermal insulation layers.
Ein wichtiges Merkmal des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, und in gleicher Weise einer programmtechnisch entsprechend eingerichteten Steuereinrichtung der erfindungsgemäßen Stranggießanlage, besteht darin, dass für den Fall, sollte die von der Radar-Messeinrichtung gemessene Strangdicke größer sein als der erste vorbestimmte Vergleichswert, dann zumindest ein Gießparameter in der Weise verändert wird, dass die Sumpfspitze des Strangs in Richtung der Kokille wandert.An important feature of the method according to the invention, and in the same way of a control device of the continuous casting installation according to the invention, is that in the event that the strand thickness measured by the radar measuring device is greater than the first predetermined comparison value, then at least one casting parameter in is changed in such a way that the sump tip of the strand moves in the direction of the mold.
Dies bedeutet, dass sich durch die geeignete Veränderung von zumindest einem Gießparameter dann die Sumpfspitze - in Förderrichtung des Strangs gesehen - stromaufwärts verlagert, und dadurch zurück in die stützende Strangführung hinein "wandert". Die besagte Veränderung von zumindest einem Gießparameter besteht zweckmäßigerweise darin, dass die Gießgeschwindigkeit reduziert wird, jedoch dabei nicht kleiner als eine minimalen Gießgeschwindigkeit eingestellt wird, bei der sich die Sumpfspitze des Strangs unterhalb von LiquidCoreReduction (LCR-) Segmenten der gestützen Strangführung befindet. Ergänzend und/oder alternativ kann im Zuge der Veränderung von zumindest einem Gießparameter auch die Kühlleistung im Bereich der stützenden Strangführung vergrößert werden.This means that by appropriately changing at least one casting parameter, the bottom of the sump - as seen in the direction of conveyance of the strand - is shifted upstream and thereby "migrates" back into the supporting strand guide. The said change of at least one casting parameter expediently consists in that the casting speed is reduced, but is not set lower than a minimum casting speed at which the bottom tip of the strand is below LiquidCoreReduction (LCR) segments of the supported strand guide. Additionally and / or alternatively, in the course of changing at least one casting parameter, the cooling capacity in the area of the supporting strand guide can also be increased.
Im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung handelt es sich bei dem ersten vorbestimmten Vergleichswert, mit dem in Schritt (ii) die von der Radar-Messeinrichtung gemessene Strangdicke verglichen wird, um einen Abstand der beiden letzten Stützrollen am Ende der stützenden Strangführung, d.h. an deren Austrittsbereich, wo der bewegte Strang die stützende Strangführung verlässt. Diesbezüglich darf gesondert darauf hingewiesen werden, dass bei diesem Abstand der beiden letzten Stützrollen zueinander auch deren Durchbiegung berücksichtigt wird, die beim Hindurchführen des Strangs zwischen diesen gegenüberliegenden Stützrollen auftreten kann.For the purposes of the present invention, the first predetermined comparison value with which the strand thickness measured by the radar measuring device is compared in step (ii) is a distance between the last two support rollers at the end of the supporting strand guide, i.e. at their exit area, where the moving strand leaves the supporting strand guide. In this regard, it should be pointed out separately that with this spacing of the two last support rollers from one another, their deflection is also taken into account, which can occur when the strand is passed between these opposite support rollers.
Wie vorstehend erläutert, kann in Abhängigkeit von der durch die Radar-Messeinrichtung gemessenen Strangdicke und für den Fall, dass diese Strangdicke größer ist als der erste vorbestimmte Vergleichswert (=Abstand zwischen den beiden letzten Stützrollen am Ende der stützenden Strangführung), dann die Gießgeschwindigkeit reduziert werden. Diesbezüglich ist hervorzuheben, dass eine Reduzierung der Gießgeschwindigkeit sich unmittelbar auf die gesamte Länge des Stranges auswirkt, und somit auch auf die Position der Sumpfspitze des Stranges, die hiermit stromaufwärts, d.h. entgegen der Förderrichtung des Stranges in Richtung der Kokille verlagert wird.As explained above, depending on the strand thickness measured by the radar measuring device and in the event that this strand thickness is greater than the first predetermined comparison value (= distance between the last two support rollers at the end of the supporting strand guide), the casting speed can then be reduced will. In this regard, it should be emphasized that a reduction in the casting speed has an immediate effect on the entire length of the strand, and thus also on the position of the bottom tip of the strand, which is hereby shifted upstream, ie counter to the conveying direction of the strand, in the direction of the mold.
Mit der vorliegenden Erfindung wird erreicht, dass mittels einer Radarmessung die Dicke des Strangs, nachdem dieser aus der stützenden Strangführung ausgetreten ist, exakt vermessen wird. Hierdurch können mögliche Ausbauchungen des Strangs beim Austreten aus der stützenden Strangführung präzise und zuverlässig erkannt werden, in Verbindung mit Einleitung einer sofortigen "Gegenmaßnahme", vorzugsweise in Form der Reduzierung der Gießgeschwindigkeit.It is achieved with the present invention that the thickness of the strand after it has left the supporting strand guide is measured exactly by means of a radar measurement. In this way, possible bulges of the strand when it emerges from the supporting strand guide can be recognized precisely and reliably, in connection with the initiation of an immediate "countermeasure", preferably in the form of a reduction in the casting speed.
Nachstehend sind Ausführungsformen der Erfindung anhand einer schematisch vereinfachten Zeichnung im Detail beschrieben. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine schematisch vereinfachte Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Stranggießanlage,
- Fig. 2a
- eine Seitenansicht einer stützenden Strangführung, die Teil der Stranggießanlage von
Fig. 1 ist, in Verbindung mit einer Radar-Messeinrichtung nach einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung, - Fig. 2b
- eine Querschnittsansicht des Strangs an der Messposition der Stranggießanlage von
Fig. 1 , in Verbindung mit einer Radar-Messeinrichtung nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung, - Fig. 3, 4
- jeweils schematisch vereinfachte Seitenansichten von verschiedene Betriebstellungen einer stützenden Strangführung, die Teil der Stranggießanlage von
Fig. 1 ist, und - Fig. 5
- ein Flussdiagramm zur Erläuterung des Ablaufs eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, das z.B. mit einer Stranggießanlage von
Fig. 1 durchgeführt werden kann.
- Fig. 1
- 2 shows a schematically simplified side view of a continuous casting installation according to the invention,
- Fig. 2a
- a side view of a supporting strand guide, which is part of the continuous caster of
Fig. 1 is in connection with a radar measuring device according to an embodiment of the invention, - Fig. 2b
- a cross-sectional view of the strand at the measuring position of the continuous caster of
Fig. 1 , in connection with a radar measuring device according to a further embodiment of the invention, - 3, 4
- each schematically simplified side views of various operating positions of a supporting strand guide, which is part of the continuous caster of
Fig. 1 is and - Fig. 5
- a flowchart to explain the sequence of a method according to the invention, for example, with a continuous caster of
Fig. 1 can be carried out.
Nachstehend sind unter Bezugnahme auf die
Die erfindungsgemäße Stranggießanlage 10 umfasst eine Kokille 12, an die sich eine stützende Strangführung 13 mit insgesamt vier Segmenten 13.1-13.4 anschließt. Ausweislich der Darstellungen in
An einem Ende 15 der stützenden Strangführung 13, d.h. dort, wo der Strang S in der Förderrichtung F aus der stützenden Strangführung 13 austritt, ist ein letztes Stützrollen-Paar 14L, 14L' (vgl.
Die Stranggießanlage 10 umfasst, ausweislich der Seitenansicht von
Des Weiteren umfasst die Stranggießanlage 10 eine Radar-Messeinrichtung 16, mit der eine Dicke des Strangs S an einer Messposition 18 gemessen wird, nämlich unmittelbar dort, wo der Strang nach dem Durchlaufen des letzten Stützrollen-Paars 14L, 14L' aus der stützenden Strangführung 13 austritt. Diese Messposition 18 ist durch einen Pfeil in der
Bei einer Ausführungsform der Radar-Messeinrichtung 16 werden - ausweislich der Seitenansicht gemäß
Bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Radar-Messeinrichtung 16 gemäß
Die Stranggießanlage 10 umfasst eine Steuereinrichtung 20 mit einer Recheneinheit 21, die mit der Radar-Messeinrichtung 16, den Biegerollen 22 im Bereich der Strangführung 19 und dem zumindest einen Walzwerk 24 signaltechnisch verbunden ist, in
Die Erfindung funktioniert nun wie folgt:
Im laufenden Stranggießprozess wird auf Grundlage der aktuellen Prozesswerte (chemische Analyse des Werkstoffs, Strangdicke, eingestellte Kühlleistung für die Segmente 13.1-13.4 der stützenden Strangführung 13) eine minimale Gießgeschwindigkeit Vmin bestimmt, bei der die Sumpfspitze SP unterhalb der beiden LCR-Segmente 13.1, 13.2 liegt (vgl. Darstellung in
In the ongoing continuous casting process, a minimum casting speed V min is determined on the basis of the current process values (chemical analysis of the material, strand thickness, cooling capacity set for the segments 13.1-13.4 of the supporting strand guide 13), at which the bottom tip SP below the two LCR segments 13.1, 13.2 lies (see illustration in
Falls dann in einem Schritt (iii) des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens durch die Recheneinheit 21 festgestellt werden sollte, dass die mit der Radar-Messeinrichtung 16 gemessene Strangdicke des Strangs S größer als der erste vorbestimmte Vergleichswert (= Abstand der beiden letzten Stützrollen 14L, 14L' zueinander) ist, besteht die Gefahr, dass die Sumpfspitze SP des Strangs S entweder bereits außerhalb (bzw. unterhalb, in Förderrichtung F des Strangs S gesehen) der stützenden Strangführung 13 liegt, wie es in der
Nachdem die Gießgeschwindigkeit auf den reduzierten Wert Vred eingestellt worden ist, wird für den weiteren Verlauf des Stranggießprozesses in der Recheneinheit 21 eine Abfrage durchgeführt, ob die von der Radar-Messeinrichtung 16 im Schritt (i) gemessene Strangdicke kleiner ist als ein vorbestimmter zweiter Vergleichswert, der einem Abstand von gegenüberliegend angeordneten Biegerollen 22 entspricht. Falls bei dieser Abfrage ein "Nein" ermittelt wird, gleichbedeutend damit, dass die Strangverdickung des Strangs S nicht mehr durch die Biegerollen 22 hindurch transportiert werden kann, erfolgt durch die Steuereinrichtung 20 ein Steuersignal für einen sofortigen Gießabbruch, um weiteren Schaden an der Strangführung 19 der Stranggießanlage 12 zu vermeiden.After the casting speed has been set to the reduced value V red , a query is carried out in the
Andernfalls erfolgt in der Recheneinheit 21 eine weitere Abfrage dafür, ob die von der Radar-Messeinrichtung 16 im Schritt (i) gemessene Strangdicke kleiner ist als ein vorbestimmter dritter Vergleichswert, der einem Abstand von gegenüberliegend angeordneten Arbeitswalzen in dem Walzwerk 24 entspricht. Falls bei dieser Abfrage ein "Nein" ermittelt wird, ist dies gleichbedeutend damit, dass die vorliegende Strangverdickung in dem Walzwerk 24 nicht auf eine gewünschte Endabmessung gebracht werden kann. Deshalb wird dann durch die Steuereinrichtung 20 ein Steuersignal für die Schere 23 erzeugt, mittels der der verdickte Abschnitt des Strangs S aus der Strangführung 19 herausgetrennt und entsprechend geschreddert wird.Otherwise, a further query is made in the
Die vorstehend genannten Schrittabfolgen für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sind auch in dem Flussdiagramm von
- 66
- SchmelzeeinlaufMelt inlet
- 77
- flüssiger Kernliquid core
- 88th
- Schmelzemelt
- 1010th
- StranggießanlageContinuous caster
- 1111
- metallisches Produktmetallic product
- 1212th
- KokilleMold
- 1313
- stützende Strangführungsupporting strand guide
- 13.1-13.413.1-13.4
- Segmente (der stützenden Strangführung 14)Segments (the supporting strand guide 14)
- 14, 14'14, 14 '
- Rollenpaare (eines jeweiligen Segments 14.1-14.4)Role pairs (of a respective segment 14.1-14.4)
- 1515
- Ende (der stützenden Strangführung 13)End (of the supporting strand guide 13)
- 1616
- Radar-MesseinrichtungRadar measuring device
- 16.1, 16.216.1, 16.2
- Sende -/Empfangsmodule (der Radar-Messeinrichtung 16)Transmit / receive modules (of the radar measuring device 16)
- 17.1, 17.217.1, 17.2
- Parabol-Elemente (der Radar-Messeinrichtung 16)Parabolic elements (of the radar measuring device 16)
- 1818th
- MesspositionMeasuring position
- 1919th
- Strangführung (nicht gestützt)Strand guide (not supported)
- 2020th
- SteuereinrichtungControl device
- 2121
- RecheneinheitArithmetic unit
- 2222
- BiegerollenBending rolls
- 2323
- Scherescissors
- 2424th
- WalzwerkRolling mill
- 2626
- Ofenoven
- B1, B2B1, B2
- Breitseiten (des Strangs S)Broadsides (of strand S)
- FF
- FörderrichtungDirection of conveyance
- II.
- RichtbereichStraightening range
- SS
- Strangstrand
- SPSP
- SumpfspitzeSwamp tip
- Vred V red
- reduzierte Gießgeschwindigkeitreduced casting speed
- Vmin V min
- minimale Gießgeschwindigkeitminimal casting speed
Claims (16)
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JPH0255652A (en) * | 1988-08-22 | 1990-02-26 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method for controlling crater end position in cast slab |
DE19931331A1 (en) * | 1999-07-07 | 2001-01-18 | Siemens Ag | Method and device for producing a strand of metal |
EP2237908A1 (en) * | 2008-01-18 | 2010-10-13 | Corus Staal BV | Method and apparatus for monitoring the surfaces of slag and molten metal in a mould |
EP2422900A1 (en) * | 2010-08-26 | 2012-02-29 | SMS Concast AG | Arrangement for measuring physical parameters in continuous casting moulds |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3922378A1 (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2021-12-15 | Mecorad GmbH | Method and apparatus for the contactless determination of at least one property of an at least partially melted continuous strand |
WO2021250271A1 (en) | 2020-06-11 | 2021-12-16 | Mecorad Gmbh | Method and device for the contactless determination of at least one property of an at least partially melted endless strand |
Also Published As
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EP3628416B1 (en) | 2021-06-30 |
DE102018216529A1 (en) | 2020-04-02 |
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