EP3615863B1 - Élément rayonnant à infrarouge et procédé de montage de celui-ci - Google Patents

Élément rayonnant à infrarouge et procédé de montage de celui-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3615863B1
EP3615863B1 EP18711821.1A EP18711821A EP3615863B1 EP 3615863 B1 EP3615863 B1 EP 3615863B1 EP 18711821 A EP18711821 A EP 18711821A EP 3615863 B1 EP3615863 B1 EP 3615863B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
threads
connecting elements
infrared heater
designed
way
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Application number
EP18711821.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3615863A1 (fr
Inventor
Juan Paniagua
Dirk Höckelmann
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Voith Patent GmbH
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Voith Patent GmbH
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Publication of EP3615863A1 publication Critical patent/EP3615863A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/125—Radiant burners heating a wall surface to incandescence
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/14—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/14—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
    • F23D14/145—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates combustion being stabilised at a screen or a perforated plate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/14—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
    • F23D14/149—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates with wires, threads or gauzes as radiation intensifying means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D91/00—Burners specially adapted for specific applications, not otherwise provided for
    • F23D91/02—Burners specially adapted for specific applications, not otherwise provided for for use in particular heating operations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/005—Radiant burner heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2212/00—Burner material specifications
    • F23D2212/005—Radiant gas burners made of specific materials, e.g. rare earths
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2212/00—Burner material specifications
    • F23D2212/10—Burner material specifications ceramic
    • F23D2212/103—Fibres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2212/00—Burner material specifications
    • F23D2212/20—Burner material specifications metallic
    • F23D2212/201—Fibres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2213/00—Burner manufacture specifications

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an infrared emitter and a method for installing such, in detail according to the independent claims.
  • Generic infrared emitters are used in drying arrangements that are used for heat treatment, such as drying a material web, for example paper, tissue or cardboard web. These drying arrangements are part of machines for the production and/or treatment of such webs of material. Glass mats would also be conceivable.
  • a preferred area of application is the drying of running webs of paper, tissue or board in paper mills, for example downstream of coating devices as seen in the running direction of the material web.
  • Known infrared emitters have, for example, a plurality of rods which are preferably arranged in one plane, i.e. coplanar. However, it is also known to arrange the rods in a plurality of mutually parallel planes spaced from a burner plate.
  • the rods of generic infrared emitters are made of ceramic. Such infrared emitters can be gas-operated. A burner is then assigned to you. This is operated with a gas-air mixture. The burner has a burner plate that is charged with the gas-air mixture. The gas-air mixture is ignited with an electrode, for example. The resulting flame heats up the rods.
  • the latter serve as incandescent bodies. This is because they transfer the heat to the material web in the form of infrared radiation.
  • highly heat-resistant metals e.g. in the form of grids or porous ceramics, have also become known as incandescent bodies.
  • Such infrared emitters are used as surface emitters in the heat treatment of material webs.
  • a large number of such infrared emitters are arranged next to one another along the width and/or length of the web of material to be treated.
  • the necessary Number of radiators selected.
  • surface temperatures on the incandescent body of 1100° C. and beyond can be achieved.
  • a disadvantage of the infrared emitters known from the prior art is that their radiation efficiency is not optimal for every application.
  • the known gas-operated infrared emitters sometimes produce a very high proportion of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and carbon monoxide (CO) as a result of the combustion of the gas-air mixture.
  • the pamphlets AU 2007 201 291 A1 , US 2014/0000534 A1 , U.S. 3,258,058 A and EP 2 292 817 A1 each described infrared emitters with an incandescent body, which has a fabric that is made up of flexible metallic wires.
  • the present invention relates to objects of the type mentioned at the outset.
  • the invention is based on the object of creating an infrared radiator and a method for installing such that is improved over the prior art.
  • the radiation efficiency as well as the exhaust gas behavior of the infrared radiator should be improved with regard to nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide.
  • parts of it should also be prevented from falling onto the web of material and the associated damage and downtime of the machine.
  • radiation efficiency is understood to mean the ratio of the power supplied to the infrared radiator and the power emitted by it—in this case in the form of infrared radiation.
  • An infrared emitter dries a web of material, for example, during normal operation (operating state) of the drying arrangement or the machine. This is the state in which the gas-air mixture burns inside the infrared emitter and at the same time heats the (at least one) incandescent body. Combustion can take place in the space delimited jointly by the burner plate and the at least one incandescent body—then called the combustion chamber.
  • An incandescent body within the meaning of the present invention is therefore that object through which the gas-air mixture or its combustion products flow and which is heated as a result of the combustion of the gas-air mixture. It is the part of the infrared radiator that glows as a result of being heated. Incandescence means the emission of radiation visible to the human eye.
  • the incandescent body can be that part of the infrared radiator which is arranged behind the burner plate in the flow direction of the gas-air mixture. The former can be at a distance from the burner plate or in contact with it. The incandescent body is thus heated by the flames which arise, for example, on the side of the burner plate facing the incandescent body as a result of the combustion process.
  • the incandescent body includes all those elements that, together with the burner plate, delimit the combustion chamber of the infrared heater.
  • the at least one incandescent body can represent the outermost surface of the infrared emitter, which is directly opposite the web of material to be treated, ie directly. In such a case, the incandescent body is then arranged between the burner plate and the web of material.
  • flat structures such as e.g. B. woven, knitted, crocheted, braided or laced structures.
  • Flat structures are basically made from a large number of linear structures such as threads.
  • the linear structures thus form or delimit openings in the flat structure.
  • the fabric is designed in the manner of a net or lattice and the openings represent the meshes of the net or lattice.
  • These openings can—seen in a plan view of such a fabric—have different geometric shapes, such as polygons, e.g. rhombuses, squares or hexagons.
  • the planar extent of such openings is measured in length and width in the plan view mentioned. Taken together, the openings represent the cavity of the incandescent body and, during operation of the infrared emitter, the gas-air mixture or its combustion products flow against or through them.
  • a fabric is understood to be a fabric woven from warp and weft threads. Warp and weft threads cross each other.
  • the fabric can comprise a single thread system or several different, preferably several, thread systems which differ in terms of their mechanical properties. But it is also conceivable that such fabrics are used in which the threads of warp and weft are made of the same material. Threads or connecting elements that serve as warp and weft threads touch each other at the crossing points.
  • a knitted fabric or warp-knitted fabric can be knitwear.
  • knitwear is understood to mean such fabrics in which a loop formed by means of a thread is looped into another loop.
  • Knitted fabrics can be obtained, for example, by knitting or crocheting, each row of stitches being formed stitch by stitch from a single thread.
  • Knitted fabrics consist of one or more thread systems.
  • a loop engages the loop of the previous row of stitches. In the case of knitted fabric, on the other hand, at least two thread systems are used and the stitches of a row of stitches are used simultaneously educated.
  • the loops define the crossing points at which the threads touch each other or the connecting elements touch the threads.
  • braid means an entanglement or intertwining between the connecting element and, for example, two threads directly adjacent to it.
  • the threads as well as the connecting elements can be designed in a spiral shape.
  • the self-supporting sheet is then created by intertwining the spirals. This can be achieved, for example, by twisting a connecting element lengthwise into a thread so that both spirals intertwine and touch at the crossing points.
  • the longitudinal center axes of the spirals then lie parallel to one another in this flat structure.
  • non-crimp fabrics should not fall under the concept of fabric, i.e. should be free of such. Scrims as intermediate products could well be protected by the invention as long as they are then processed in such a way that they are fixed to one another at their crossing points, for example.
  • An example in which a fabric is produced from a non-crimp fabric is considered in more detail in the figures and is intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
  • fabrics within the meaning of the present invention have repeating, preferably regular, patterns formed by the threads.
  • nonwovens are a random arrangement of fibers that are random intertwined or held together by a binder. Nonwovens therefore do not come under the term fabric according to the present invention, so that a nonwoven expressly does not represent a fabric.
  • the advantage of using planar structures that form regular patterns is that the same combustion occurs over the entire extent of the planar structure and thus consistent exhaust gas behavior when the planar structure is used as an incandescent body.
  • the term thread means a linear, long and thin structure.
  • the thread is significantly longer than it is thick, ie the diameter of the thread can be between 1 and 10 mm and have thread lengths of up to 300 mm.
  • the thread and/or the connecting element is made from a rigid material, ie a material with comparatively high rigidity, such as a ceramic.
  • the term flexural rigidity means the product of the modulus of elasticity with the corresponding area moment of inertia. With the same area moment of inertia, a material or a thread made from it is more rigid than another thread if it has a higher modulus of elasticity in comparison.
  • modulus of elasticity refers to a material parameter from materials engineering that describes the relationship between stress and strain during the deformation of a solid body with linear-elastic behavior.
  • the area moment of inertia is related to the cross-sectional area of the thread perpendicular to its longitudinal extension.
  • a long and thin thread as described at the outset is rigid within the meaning of the invention if it does not change the outer contour imprinted on it as soon as it is removed from the fabric with at least partial dissolution of the fabric.
  • Slack threads can be processed into fabrics using the methods mentioned at the outset, such as weaving or knitting, since the thread is flexible and its outer contour can be freely shaped during the process.
  • rigid threads cannot be processed using such methods without changing or destroying their outer contour.
  • these fabrics must alternatively be built up by hand thread by thread, for example, according to the method according to the invention.
  • a plurality of (rigid) threads are provided, the outer contour of which is fixed.
  • the threads are then connected to one another by connecting elements.
  • at least one connecting element engages at least indirectly in two adjacent threads and connects them to one another at the crossing points, for example in an articulated manner.
  • the joints are therefore formed at the crossing points of the threads with the connecting elements.
  • Such an articulated connection makes it possible for the threads of the self-supporting fabric produced to be able to move towards one another.
  • the individual threads within the fabric can expand differently from each other when heat is applied.
  • connecting elements are understood to mean structures which at least indirectly connect threads to one another to produce an independently load-bearing fabric.
  • the latter term means both alternatives, i.e. indirect, i.e. indirect and immediate, i.e. direct.
  • the threads are connected indirectly via the connecting element (which is directly adjacent to them) if the connecting element does not itself engage in these two threads, but this is done via other threads.
  • An example of this is woven or knitted fabric.
  • a connecting element engages in both threads that are directly adjacent to it and forms a plurality of crossing points (or articulated connections) with them. This is the case with a spiral mesh:
  • a connecting element always alternates with a thread.
  • Such connecting elements can be designed in such a way that they form a non-positive and/or positive connection between the threads to be connected to one another (or among one another). There is a form fit when the connecting elements at least partially encompass themselves or the threads, as is the case when the crossing points are formed.
  • the connecting element could connect the threads in a form-fitting manner in the manner of a snap closure. It can be advantageous if the connection between the connecting element and the thread is detachable. Then individual threads or Fasteners can be removed and renewed within the fabric without the entire fabric having to be re-manufactured. According to the invention, the connection can be detached without being destroyed.
  • a non-destructively releasable connection has the advantage that the flat structure can be restored after it has been dismantled (in the reverse order to this).
  • the connecting elements can themselves be designed as threads.
  • connection can be detached and reconnected by hand, then it can be joined with little effort. The connection can then also be released and restored without the use of a tool.
  • connection ie the form fit
  • the connection can be designed in such a way that the threads cannot fall out of the connecting elements during operation of the infrared radiator, ie are held captive in the connecting elements. Then, at any time during the operation of the infrared emitter, an independently load-bearing surface structure is achieved.
  • a web of material within the meaning of the invention is understood to mean a web of fibrous material, ie a scrim or tangle of fibers such as cellulose fibers, plastic fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers, additives or the like.
  • the material web can be in the form of a paper, cardboard or tissue web. It can essentially comprise cellulose fibers, with small amounts of other fibers or also additives and additives being able to be present. Depending on the application, this is left to the specialist.
  • the direction of flow of the gas-air mixture when, according to the invention, the direction of flow of the gas-air mixture is mentioned, this means the main direction of flow of the particles in the gas-air mixture.
  • This direction corresponds, for example, to a perpendicular to the largest Surface of the burner plate of the infrared heater through which the gas-air mixture flows (inflow surface of the burner plate).
  • the inflow surface can therefore be at least one boundary side, ie the surface that is spanned by the spatial length and width of the burner plate.
  • the delimitation side can be spanned by the longitudinal and width edge (the inflow area) of the burner plate.
  • the gas-air mixture can flow through the burner plate on its largest boundary surface, which faces the gas supply or the premixing chamber.
  • the inflow surface is at least one side surface of the cuboid. Since the incandescent body or its envelope can also be designed as a cuboid, the inflow surface of the incandescent body is also a side surface (boundary surface) of the cuboid, which represents a flat surface. Therefore, the above definition for the incandescent body and its inflow area also applies analogously.
  • the incandescent body is also flown along this inflow surface with the gas-air mixture or its combustion products.
  • the direction of flow of the gas-air mixture can also be perpendicular to the largest boundary surface or inflow surface.
  • the direction of flow of the gas-air mixture through the mantle can be the same as that through the burner plate.
  • the inflow surface of the incandescent body can be identical to the inflow surface of the burner plate, so that both have the same area. So it can be the common area that the incandescent body and the burner plate share when they are directly adjacent to each other.
  • both elements are in direct contact with one another without any other means - and preferably also without a distance.
  • ceramics When ceramics is mentioned according to the invention, this is understood to mean technical ceramics. Examples of this are silicon carbide, molybdenum silicide. In principle, highly heat-resistant metals such as FeCrAl compounds or heating conductor alloys would also be suitable as material for incandescent bodies.
  • the incandescent body is made of several layers arranged one above the other, this means that several layers of flat structures arranged one behind the other in the direction of flow of the gas-air mixture can also be provided. This means that the layers are stacked one on top of the other as seen in the direction of flow of the gas-air mixture. This brings the advantage according to the invention that the exhaust gas values can be further improved.
  • one element at least partly surrounds another, then this means that it partly or completely surrounds or envelops the corresponding element.
  • prototypically produced means that the element in question was manufactured using a manufacturing process in which a solid body is produced from an amorphous material. Examples of this are casting, sintering, 3D printing.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for installing an infrared radiator according to the invention.
  • the assembly can take place in ascending order of steps a) and b) of independent claim 13 .
  • a corresponding disassembly can be done in the opposite order.
  • the flat structure When repairing such an incandescent body, the flat structure can first be dissolved by dismantling the relevant elements to be replaced, such as threads and connecting elements, and then restored by installing the replacement threads or connecting elements.
  • the invention also relates to a drying arrangement for the heat treatment of a material web, comprising an infrared dryer which has a plurality of infrared emitters according to the invention preferably arranged in the width and/or longitudinal direction of the material web to be treated.
  • a drying arrangement can have at least one air dryer in order to direct hot air and/or a combustion product of the gas-air mixture from the plurality of infrared emitters onto the material web to be treated.
  • the at least one air dryer and the at least one infrared dryer can be arranged one behind the other as seen in the direction of travel of the material web to be treated, with the at least one infrared dryer preferably being able to be installed upstream of the at least one air dryer as seen in the direction of travel of the material web to be treated.
  • the invention also relates to the incandescent body of claim 1 per se and one having the features of the dependent claims.
  • the invention relates to a machine for producing and/or treating a material web, preferably a paper machine, comprising at least one infrared radiator according to the invention or such a drying arrangement.
  • the 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of the invention in a schematic, partially sectioned view through a plane that runs perpendicular to the material web and parallel to the running direction (indicated by the arrow) of the latter.
  • an infrared radiator 1 which is part of a drying arrangement (see 2 ) can be shown.
  • the infrared radiator 1 is in the intended Operation at a distance from the material web 8, for example arranged above it. It forms a burner which is arranged in a housing 11.1.
  • the latter has, for example, a rear wall and several side walls. The rear wall is located on the side (back) of the infrared radiator 1 facing away from the material web 8.
  • a fuel for example gas and air (flammable, combustible gas-air mixture) can be fed into a mixing chamber 3 can arrive, provided.
  • a fuel for example gas and air (flammable, combustible gas-air mixture)
  • the mixing chamber 3 is limited on the one hand by a gas-permeable burner plate 4 and on the other hand by the housing 11.1, here the rear wall.
  • the gas-air mixture flows onto the burner plate 4 on an inflow surface which corresponds to the back of the infrared radiator 1 and passes through the gas-permeable burner plate 4 for its combustion. From there it flows into a combustion chamber 5.
  • the latter is delimited or formed together by the burner plate 4 and an incandescent body 6.
  • the gas-permeable burner plate 4 separates, so to speak, the mixing chamber 3 from the combustion chamber 5.
  • the gas-air mixture ignites in the latter.
  • the heat released heats up the incandescent body 6 until it begins to glow.
  • Both the burner plate 4 and the incandescent body 6 have a plate or cuboid outer contour here. In principle, an outer contour deviating from this would be conceivable.
  • the inflow surface of the incandescent body 6 corresponds to the inflow surface of the burner plate 4.
  • the two inflow surfaces have the same area. They correspond here to the clear width of the housing 11.1, in which both the burner plate 4 and the incandescent body 6 are accommodated.
  • the infrared emitter 1 faces the web of material 8 with its incandescent body 6, specifically in the illustrated case in such a way that the incandescent body 6 runs parallel to it. However, this does not necessarily have to be the case.
  • the infrared emitter 1 can also run at an angle to this.
  • Like it in the figure 1 is shown are in the flow direction of the gas-air mixture seen the burner plate 4 and the incandescent body 6 connected in series. In this case, the incandescent body 6 is arranged downstream of the burner plate 4 .
  • the incandescent body 6 is designed in the manner of a regular, gas-permeable grid.
  • This grid can be formed by at least one sheet. This is made of a multitude of threads that delimit openings of the lattice. This means that the gas-air mixture passing through the burner plate 4 can also flow through all openings of the incandescent body 6 (simultaneously).
  • the incandescent body 6 is arranged at a distance from the burner plate 4 as viewed in the direction of flow of the gas-air mixture or its combustion products. This means that the combustion chamber 5 is formed by the space bounded together by the burner plate 4 and the glow body 6 . Burner plate 4 and incandescent body 6 are arranged parallel to one another with regard to their inflow surfaces or boundary sides.
  • the incandescent body 6 is directly adjacent to the burner plate 4 . This means that both are arranged without a spacing and preferably parallel to one another.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b each show two different embodiments of incandescent bodies 6 according to the invention as flat structures in a three-dimensional representation.
  • the fabrics are formed from a large number of threads 15 and connecting elements 16 .
  • Both incandescent bodies 6 are designed in such a way that the fabric can be assembled and disassembled by hand without individual threads 15 or connecting elements 16 being destroyed.
  • the fabric is designed as a spiral braid.
  • the threads 15 and the connecting elements 16 are designed identically, in the manner of spirals. Both the longitudinal central axes of the threads 15 and those of the connecting elements 16 run parallel to one another over the entire spatial extension of the fabric that is being formed. Threads 15 that are directly adjacent to one another (ie the threads 15 arranged to the left and right of a connecting element 16) are thus each connected to a connecting element 16, which is also designed as a thread, in such a way that their spirals are screwed into one another. Connecting elements 16 and threads 15 are articulated to one another at the common crossing points.
  • connecting elements 16 and threads 15 results in a captive structure. Because the assembly and disassembly direction runs here in the direction of the longitudinal center axes of the connecting elements 16 and threads 15. This is therefore in the plane spanned by the fabric, which is also parallel to the material web 8 here. If the respective delimiting ends of the outer contour of the resulting flat structure or of the incandescent body 6 are held in the housing 11.1 of the infrared radiator 1, it is prevented from falling out in the direction perpendicular to the web of material 8.
  • FIG. 2b shows an incandescent body 6 in the form of a woven fabric.
  • Two directly adjacent threads 15.1 designed as weft threads weave the same weaving path through the warp threads perpendicularly to threads 15.2 acting as warp threads.
  • a connecting element 16, also designed as a thread is arranged between adjacent threads 15.1. While the threads 15.1 and 15.2 have a wavy outer contour, the outer contour of the connecting elements 16 follows a straight line.
  • the threads 15 and the connecting elements 16 are made of a comparatively rigid material, such as a ceramic.
  • the threads 15 and/or the connecting elements 16 can be produced individually by primary molding. The methods mentioned at the outset for producing such fabrics, such as weaving, can then no longer be used.
  • the fabric has to be built up individually by hand, ie thread by thread, connecting element by connecting element.
  • the threads 15.1 and 15.2 serving as weft threads and as warp threads are laid crosswise one on top of the other over the desired width. In the example mentioned, this is done in the manner of a plain weave.
  • the threads 15.1 and 15.2 initially form a scrim together without the connecting elements 16.
  • a connecting element 16 is introduced into the cavities formed jointly by the threads 15.2 serving as warp threads, parallel to the threads 15.1 serving as weft threads—between two neighbors. The latter become weft threads themselves, in this case straight and not wavy weft threads.
  • the respective connecting element 16 then interlocks the threads 15.1 and 15.2, which are designed as weft and warp threads, indirectly with one another. In other words, the initial scrim becomes a self-supporting fabric.
  • the assembly can be done by hand.
  • the connecting elements 16 could lock the threads 15.1 and 15.2 together in the manner of warp threads.
  • the radiation efficiency can be significantly increased as a result of the enlarged surface of the incandescent body 6 due to the wavy or spiral outer contour of the threads 15 or the connecting elements 16 .
  • This is achieved in that, as a result of the selected outer contour, the surface area for the combustion of the gas/air mixture is increased, which is reflected in a higher energy consumption of the combustion products of the gas/air mixture. This can also reduce the proportion of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide in the combustion products.
  • FIG 3 a possible embodiment of a drying arrangement 11 according to the invention is shown.
  • This can be part of a machine for producing or treating a web of material.
  • the drying arrangement 11 is arranged in the running direction of the material web 8 behind a coating or binder section of the machine (not shown).
  • a coating color or a binder is applied to the material web 8 within this section.
  • the web of material 8 absorbs moisture and must therefore be dried or the binder must be cured. This takes place in the drying arrangement 11.
  • the drying arrangement 11 comprises one or, as shown here, several infrared dryers 12, which each have a large number of infrared radiators 1, which are preferably arranged parallel to the material web 8 and serve as surface radiators.
  • the drying arrangement 11 also has a plurality of air dryers 13 .
  • one infrared dryer 12 is seen in the running direction of the material web 8 an air dryer 13 downstream, etc.
  • combination dryers 14 In each case such an infrared dryer 12 and an air dryer 13 are referred to as combination dryers 14 .
  • four combination dryers 14 arranged one behind the other in the running direction of the material web 8 to be dried are provided. The latter are arranged here directly adjacent to one another.
  • the infrared dryer 12 of a respective combination dryer 14 can be designed as a gas-heated infrared dryer according to the invention.
  • the infrared dryer 12 can have one or more infrared emitters 1 according to the invention (see figure 1 ) include.
  • the combustion products (exhaust gases) generated by the infrared radiator 1 can then be sucked out of the infrared dryer 12 via one or more suction nozzles 12.1 assigned to the infrared dryer 12, of which only one is indicated purely schematically here.
  • At least one Suction nozzle 12.1 can be arranged within a housing surrounding the infrared dryer 12.
  • the respective air dryer 13 can include one or more blowing nozzles 13.1, of which only one is also shown purely schematically here.
  • the at least one blowing nozzle 13.1 serves, among other things, to supply heated air to the material web 8 for drying it.
  • the at least one blowing nozzle 13.1 can be in flow-conducting connection with a fresh air supply (not shown).
  • a flow-conducting connection between the at least one suction nozzle 12.1 and the at least one blowing nozzle 13.1 of one and the same combination dryer 14 can be provided.
  • the thermal energy contained in the exhaust gas of the infrared dryer 12 can be used to heat the fresh air or to dry the material web 8 using the thermal energy of the exhaust gas of the respective infrared dryer 12 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Émetteur infrarouge (1) pour le traitement thermique d'une bande de matériau (8), comprenant un corps incandescent (6), qui peut être balayé le long d'une surface de balayage au moyen d'un mélange gaz-air pouvant être amené à l'émetteur infrarouge (1) et qui peut être chauffé par combustion du mélange gaz-air, le corps incandescent (6) étant fabriqué à la manière d'une structure plate, comprenant une pluralité de fils (15) et d'éléments de liaison (16) reliant les fils (15) au moins indirectement entre eux, de telle sorte que les éléments de liaison (16) entourent au moins partiellement les fils (15) et les relient ainsi au moins indirectement entre eux, les éléments de liaison (16) étant réalisés de telle sorte que ceux-ci peuvent être détachés - de préférence manuellement - de la liaison avec les fils (15) - avec dissolution de la structure plate,
    les fils (15) et/ou les éléments de liaison (16) étant fabriqués en un matériau comparativement rigide en flexion, tel qu'une céramique, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de liaison (16) et/ou les fils (15) sont réalisés de telle sorte que ni les éléments de liaison (16) ni les fils (15) ne sont détruits lors de la dissolution ou de la fabrication de la structure plate.
  2. Émetteur infrarouge (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de liaison (16) sont en outre réalisés de telle sorte qu'ils peuvent de nouveau être reliés aux fils (15) - avec fabrication de la structure plate.
  3. Émetteur infrarouge (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de liaison (16) sont réalisés de telle sorte que les fils (15) sont maintenus entre eux de manière imperdable.
  4. Émetteur infrarouge (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les fils individuels (15) sont réalisés de telle sorte qu'ils peuvent être détachés de la liaison entre eux par un mouvement longitudinal et/ou rotatif le long de leur axe longitudinal.
  5. Émetteur infrarouge (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de liaison (16) sont eux-mêmes fabriqués sous forme de fils (15) qui présentent de préférence un contour extérieur identique à celui des fils (15) qu'ils relient, et aussi bien les éléments de liaison (16) que les fils (15) sont de préférence configurés en spirale, de telle sorte que la structure plate est réalisée à la manière d'un tressage en spirale, et ce de telle sorte qu'un élément de liaison (16) relie à chaque fois deux fils (15) directement voisins entre eux en s'engageant dans ceux-ci.
  6. Émetteur infrarouge (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la structure plate est réalisée à la manière d'un tissu, comprenant des fils (15) servant de fils de chaîne, qui sont tissés avec des fils (15) servant de fils de trame, les éléments de liaison (16) étant eux-mêmes fabriqués sous forme de fils (15) et étant réalisés sous forme de fils de chaîne ou de trame, de telle sorte qu'ils sont respectivement agencés entre deux fils (15) identiques, réalisés sous forme de fil de chaîne ou de trame, les fils (15) présentant un contour extérieur ondulé et les éléments de liaison (16) présentant un contour extérieur rectiligne.
  7. Émetteur infrarouge (1) selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le tissu est réalisé à la manière d'une armure toile, de telle sorte que les fils (15) directement voisins servant de fils de trame sont tissés alternativement dans des voies de tissage différentes à travers les fils (15) servant de fils de chaîne.
  8. Émetteur infrarouge (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la surface de balayage est au moins un côté de délimitation du corps incandescent (6).
  9. Émetteur infrarouge (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'émetteur infrarouge (1) présente une plaque de brûleur (4) et le corps incandescent (6) est agencé derrière la plaque de brûleur (4) dans la direction d'écoulement du mélange gaz-air.
  10. Émetteur infrarouge (1) selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le corps incandescent (6) est directement adjacent à la plaque de brûleur (4), vu dans la direction d'écoulement du mélange gaz-air.
  11. Émetteur infrarouge (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le corps incandescent (6) est fabriqué à partir de plusieurs couches superposées de structures plates.
  12. Émetteur infrarouge (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que les fils (15) et/ou les élément de liaison (16) sont fabriqués individuellement et de préférence par un procédé de première transformation.
  13. Procédé de montage d'un émetteur infrarouge (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    a) la préparation de fils individuels (15) et d'éléments de liaison (16) ;
    b) la liaison au moins indirecte de fils individuels (15) entre eux au moyen d'au moins un élément de liaison (16), de telle sorte que deux fils (15) directement voisins sont reliés entre eux au moins indirectement et de manière détachable - de préférence manuellement - par engagement de l'élément de liaison (16) dans les fils (15) avec fabrication d'une structure plate.
EP18711821.1A 2017-04-28 2018-02-19 Élément rayonnant à infrarouge et procédé de montage de celui-ci Active EP3615863B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017109152.1A DE102017109152B4 (de) 2017-04-28 2017-04-28 Infrarot-Strahler sowie Verfahren zur Montage eines solchen
PCT/EP2018/053994 WO2018197070A1 (fr) 2017-04-28 2018-02-19 Élément rayonnant à infrarouge et procédé de montage de celui-ci

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EP3615863A1 EP3615863A1 (fr) 2020-03-04
EP3615863B1 true EP3615863B1 (fr) 2023-04-26

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EP4006417B1 (fr) * 2020-11-30 2023-08-16 Beckett Thermal Solutions S.R.L. Membrane de combustion d'un brûleur
CN113862861A (zh) * 2021-09-06 2021-12-31 联业织染(珠海)有限公司 一种用于纱线编织的前处理装置及方法
IT202100026447A1 (it) * 2021-10-15 2023-04-15 Beckett Thermal Solutions S R L Membrana di combustione per un bruciatore a gas
DE102022119307A1 (de) 2022-08-02 2024-02-08 Voith Patent Gmbh Papierfabrik und Verfahren zur Regelung der Hochtemperaturmedien für die Herstellung oder Behandlung einer Faserstoffbahn

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US11359809B2 (en) 2022-06-14
US20200096193A1 (en) 2020-03-26
WO2018197070A1 (fr) 2018-11-01
DE102017109152A1 (de) 2018-10-31
EP3615863A1 (fr) 2020-03-04
DE102017109152B4 (de) 2019-01-03

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