Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
  • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
  • A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
  • A61B5/369—Electroencephalography [EEG]
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
  • A61B5/40—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the nervous system
  • A61B5/4058—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the nervous system for evaluating the central nervous system
  • A61B5/4064—Evaluating the brain
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
  • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
  • A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
  • A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
  • A61B5/7271—Specific aspects of physiological measurement analysis
  • A61B5/7278—Artificial waveform generation or derivation, e.g. synthesising signals from measured signals
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
  • A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
  • A61B5/7271—Specific aspects of physiological measurement analysis
  • A61B5/7282—Event detection, e.g. detecting unique waveforms indicative of a medical condition
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
  • A61B5/74—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means
  • A61B5/7405—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means using sound
  • A61B5/7415—Sound rendering of measured values, e.g. by pitch or volume variation

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the fields of signal processing and sensory stimulation.
• the present invention relates to a method and a device for transducing a physiological signal into a sensory signal.
• the physiological signal may be representative of a brain activity of a human being and the sensory signal may be an acoustic signal.
• the sensory signal may be an acoustic signal.
• Methods and devices for stimulating brain waves of an individual from a signal for measuring brain activity of that individual are known.
• predefined patterns are identified in a physiological signal, in particular for identifying slow brain waves representative of a sleep state.
• These slow waves typically have a frequency of between 0.3 and
• the acoustic signal consists of a pink noise pulse or a signal of great duration in front of a period of the slow wave.
• the acoustic signal is synchronized with a pattern identified in the physiological signal.
• An object of the present invention is to improve, with respect to the state of the prior art, the transcription of a physiological signal - in particular representative of a cerebral activity - in the form of a sensory-acoustic signal or other - noticeable by a human user.
• a first aspect of the invention relates to a physio-sensory transduction method comprising:
• a generation of a sensory signal associated with this pattern comprising:
• a modulation of the sensory signal as a function of a temporal envelope associated with this pattern having at least one envelope parameter determined as a function of the at least one pattern parameter.
• Such a method makes it possible to improve, with respect to the state of the prior art, the transcription of a physiological signal into a sensory signal by the parameterization of the pattern (s) detected in the physiological signal and the generation of a determined sensory signal. depending on this setting.
• such a succession of sensory signals can be generated so as to respect the temporal arrangement of such a succession of patterns detected in the physiological signal.
• three successive patterns detected in the physiological signal will preferably give rise to three sensory signals associated with these patterns and generated both in the same order and respecting the temporal gaps of the patterns as detected in the physiological signal.
• the time at which each of these sensory signals is generated does not constitute a sensory signal parameter, that is, ie does not constitute a parameter specific to a given sensory signal.
• the time at which each of these sensory signals is generated constitutes a parameter that governs the temporal arrangement of these sensory signals.
• the time at which each of these sensory signals is generated does not constitute an intra-sensory parameter but constitutes a parameter inter sensory signals.
• a sensory signal parameter is a sensory intra-signal parameter.
• the physiological signal is representative of a brain activity of the body, which can for example be measured by electroencephalography, or any other brain activity recording technique.
• the physiological signal is representative of a cardiac or respiratory or ocular or muscular activity of the body.
• the sensory signal is an acoustic signal (acoustic wave having for example for signal parameter a duration and / or one or more frequencies and / or an intensity of this or these frequencies), audible by a human being.
• acoustic signal acoustic wave having for example for signal parameter a duration and / or one or more frequencies and / or an intensity of this or these frequencies
• the sensory signal can be:
• a visual signal image or light having for example as signal parameter a duration and / or an intensity or amplitude and / or a frequency or wavelength (of each pixel in the case of an image)) or
• olfactory odor having for example as a signal parameter a duration and / or an intensity or amplitude and / or a perfume
• the organism is a human being
• the physiological signal is representative of a brain activity of said human being
• the sensory signal is an acoustic signal.
• the one or more patterns detected in the physiological signal may be representative of a deep sleep state.
• the or the patterns detected may in this case consist of wave frequencies between 0.3 and 5 Hz called delta waves.
• the detection of one or more patterns in the physiological signal can be performed according to any known procedure.
• the detection of a pattern may include:
• a validation test according to which a pattern is detected if the time elapsed between said first and second times is greater than or equal to a predetermined duration.
• the at least one pattern parameter may result from a calculation or a measurement of:
• said pattern start time may preferably consist of said first time at which an amplitude of the physiological signal becoming greater than or equal to said first predetermined amplitude is detected.
• the generation of the sensory signal associated with this pattern may comprise said modulation of this sensory signal as a function of said temporal envelope associated with this pattern, the at least one envelope parameter being able to comprise :
• said temporal envelope can be an envelope of the "ADSR” type - the acronym for "Attack Decay Sustain Release” (or “Attack Fall Maintenance Extinction”).
• the temporal envelope may be an "AR” or "ASR” or ADR type envelope.
• the release time may furthermore correspond to a time elapsed from:
• the duration of decline may furthermore correspond to a time elapsed until:
• the at least one envelope parameter may include the driving amplitude, the driving time and the extinguishing time.
• the amplitude of attack may depend on the maximum amplitude of the physiological signal in this pattern, and / or
• the duration of attack may depend on the duration of rise, and / or the duration of extinction may depend on the duration of descent.
• the generation of the sensory signal associated with this pattern may comprise said modulation of this sensory signal as a function of said temporal envelope associated with this pattern
• the at least one pattern parameter may comprise a maximum amplitude of the physiological signal in this pattern
• the at least one envelope parameter can comprise:
• an attack amplitude being a function of said maximum amplitude of the physiological signal in this pattern, and / or
• the attack amplitude may be proportional to the maximum amplitude.
• the attack duration may be inversely proportional to the maximum amplitude.
• the generation of the sensory signal may comprise said determination of at least one sensory signal parameter, the at least one sensory signal parameter may include:
• the at least one pattern parameter may comprise a maximum amplitude of the physiological signal in this pattern
• o may be filtered with a filter having a cut-off frequency depending on said maximum amplitude of the physiological signal in this pattern, the filter being for example a low-pass or high-pass filter, and / or
• o can oscillate with a frequency depending on said maximum amplitude of the physiological signal in this pattern, and / or
• o may have an amplitude depending on said maximum amplitude of the physiological signal in this pattern.
• the at least one sensory signal parameter may vary depending on a variation of the at least one pattern parameter, the at least one pattern parameter preferably being a maximum amplitude of the physiological signal in this pattern.
• the at least one sensory signal parameter may comprise an oscillation frequency and / or a cutoff frequency and / or an amplitude.
• each pattern may include as a pattern parameter a pattern start time
• each sensory signal generated for each pattern detected may include a time of initiation of this sensory signal, the time elapsed between the initiation time of each pair of contiguously generated sensory signals that may be proportional or equal to the time elapsed between the pattern start time of each pair of patterns detected contiguously.
• the temporal dynamics of the sum of the sensory signals generated can be in adequacy with the temporal dynamics of the physiological signal.
• each pattern may further comprise as a pattern parameter a pattern end time, wherein each sensory signal generated for each pattern detected may further include an expiration time of that sensory signal, the amplitude of each sensory signal generated for each detected pattern that can be constant between the initiation time and the expiration time of this sensory signal.
• the generation of said sensory signal is performed in a delayed manner with respect to the acquisition of the physiological signal.
• the generation of the sensory signal or signals may be preceded by a recording of computer data or a digital or electronic or electrical or analog signal (for example a sound file) allowing the subsequent generation of the sensory signal or signals.
• the detection of the one or more patterns, the extraction of said at least one pattern parameter, and the generation of said sensory signal can be performed in real time with respect to the acquisition of the physiological signal.
• real time it is meant that the physiological signal processing (or the various steps concerned) is performed so that the modulation of the sensory signal generated is representative of the physiological signal acquired at the same time, at the time of implementation. implementation of the processing steps.
• the sensory signal when the sensory signal is modulated so that the amplitude of this sensory signal is non-zero only between the pattern start time and the pattern end time for a given pattern, the sensory signal will have a non-zero amplitude synchronously with the presence of such a pattern in the physiological signal, with a time offset corresponding to the time of completion of the pattern detection, pattern parameter extraction, and generation steps of the sensory signal.
• the sensory signal generated may be a periodic function (possibly modulated or not by an envelope) or non-periodic function.
• no step is implemented to transform the physiological signal from a time domain to a frequency domain.
• a second aspect of the invention relates to a physio-sensory transduction device comprising:
• an acquisition means arranged and / or programmed to acquire a physiological signal of an organism
• detection means arranged and / or programmed to detect one or more patterns in the physiological signal
• an extraction means arranged and / or programmed to extract from each detected pattern at least one pattern parameter
• this generation system arranged and / or programmed to generate a sensory signal for each detected pattern, this generation system comprising:
• a determination means arranged and / or programmed to determine at least one parameter of the sensory signal as a function of the at least one pattern parameter
• / or modulating means arranged and / or programmed to modulate the sensory signal by function of a temporal envelope associated with this pattern having at least one envelope parameter determined according to the at least one pattern parameter.
• the device can be arranged and / or programmed so that:
• the organism can be a human being
• the physiological signal is representative of a brain activity of said human being
• the sensory signal is an acoustic signal
• the detection means can be arranged and / or programmed to:
• the detection means may comprise a calculator or a measurement tool arranged and / or programmed to produce, for each pattern detected, a calculation or a measurement of:
• the modulation means may be arranged and / or programmed so that the at least one envelope parameter comprises:
• the modulating means may be arranged and / or programmed so that the at least one envelope parameter comprises the driving amplitude, the driving duration and the extinction duration.
• the amplitude of attack may depend on the maximum amplitude of the physiological signal in this pattern, and / or
• the duration of attack may depend on the duration of rise, and / or
• the duration of extinction can depend on the duration of descent.
• the device may comprise the modulation means, the device being able to be arranged and / or programmed so that for each detected pattern: the at least one pattern parameter comprises a maximum amplitude of the physiological signal in this pattern,
• the at least one envelope parameter comprises:
• an attack amplitude being a function of said maximum amplitude of the physiological signal in this pattern, and / or
• the device may comprise the determination means and be arranged and / or programmed so that, for each detected pattern, the at least one sensory signal parameter comprises:
• the device may be arranged and / or programmed so that for each detected pattern:
• the at least one pattern parameter comprises a maximum amplitude of the physiological signal in this pattern
• o is filtered with a filter of the device, this filter having a cut-off frequency being a function of said maximum amplitude of the physiological signal in this pattern, the filter being for example a low-pass or high-pass filter, and / or o oscillates with a frequency which is a function of said maximum amplitude of the physiological signal in this pattern, and / or
• o has an amplitude which is a function of said maximum amplitude of the physiological signal in this pattern.
• the device may comprise a filter arranged and / or programmed to filter the sensory signal, the filter may have a cutoff frequency depending on said maximum amplitude, the filter being for example a low-pass filter or high pass.
• the device may be arranged and / or programmed so that, for each detected pattern, the at least one sensory signal parameter varies as a function of a variation of the at least one pattern parameter, the at least one pattern parameter preferably being a maximum amplitude of the physiological signal in that pattern.
• the device may be arranged and / or programmed to detect a plurality of patterns in the physiological signal, each pattern may include as a pattern parameter a pattern start time, each sensory signal generated for each pattern detected may include a time of initiation of this sensory signal, the time elapsed between the initiation time of each pair of contiguously generated sensory signals being proportional or equal to the elapsed time between the pattern start time of each pair of detected patterns of contiguous manner.
• the device may be arranged and / or programmed such that each pattern further comprises as a pattern parameter a pattern end time, each sensory signal generated for each detected pattern may further include a time expiration of this sensory signal, the amplitude of each sensory signal generated for each pattern detected being constant between the initiation time and the expiration time of this sensory signal.
• the generation system may furthermore comprise a retarder arranged and / or programmed to generate the sensory signal in a delayed manner with respect to the acquisition of the physiological signal.
• the generation system may be a real-time generator arranged and / or programmed to detect the pattern (s), extract from said at least one pattern parameter, and generate said sensory signal in real time with respect to the acquisition of the physiological signal.
• the generation system can be arranged and / or programmed so that the sensory signal generated is a periodic function.
• the device may be arranged and / or programmed to implement no step for transforming the physiological signal from a time domain to a frequency domain.
• FIG. 1 shows a physiological signal recorded by electroencephalography on a human subject in deep sleep
• FIG. 2 shows part of the physiological signal of FIG. 1
• FIG. 3 shows an example of envelope of the "ADSR" type
• - Figure 4 is a diagram showing the main steps of the method according to the invention in a first implementation variant
• FIG. 5 is a diagram representing the main steps of the method according to the invention in a second variant of implementation
• FIGS. 6 to 8 are diagrams representing different combinations of steps making it possible to generate a sensory signal according to the invention.
• FIG. 9 shows a physiological signal recorded by electroencephalography on a waking human subject
• FIG. 10 shows part of the physiological signal of FIG. 9
• FIG. 11 shows a series of sensory signals generated according to a first embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 12 shows a series of sensory signals generated according to a second mode of implementation of the invention
• FIG. 13 shows a series of sensory signals generated according to a third mode of implementation of the invention.
• FIG. 14 shows a series of sensory signals generated according to a fourth mode of implementation of the invention.
• variants of the invention comprising only a selection of characteristics described, isolated from the other characteristics described, even if this selection is isolated within a sentence comprising these other characteristics, if this selection of characteristics is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention from the state of the prior art.
• This selection comprises at least one characteristic, preferably functional without structural details, or with only a part of the structural details if this part alone is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention from the state of the prior art .
• the present invention typically aims to transcribe a physiological signal in the form of a sensory signal perceptible to a human user.
• the physiological signal is preferably representative of human brain activity.
• the physiological signal is a temporal signal, it is a signal that is a function of a time.
• the physiological signal has a temporal dynamic, that is, it varies over time.
• FIG. 1 A first example of a physiological signal 10 is shown in FIG. 1.
• the signal 10 of FIG. 1 was obtained using a electroencephalogram recording the brain activity of a human being in deep sleep.
• FIG. 9 A second example of a physiological signal 11 is shown in FIG. 9.
• the signal 11 of FIG. 9 was obtained by means of an electroencephalogram recording the brain activity of a human being in the waking state.
• These different cognitive states are characterized by the presence of waves that oscillate at specific frequencies.
• the brain can generate waves, called delta waves, with a frequency between 0.3 and 4 Hz.
• the brain can generate waves, called beta waves, typically having a frequency greater than 14 Hz.
• the present invention is not limited to the acquisition or treatment of delta or beta waves and may be based on an acquisition of a physiological signal representative of a physiological activity - for example cerebral, cardiac, respiratory, ocular, or still muscular - from any organism - for example an animal or a human being.
• This organism especially when it is an animal or a human being, can be placed in any cognitive state - for example in a state of deep or paradoxical sleep or awakening or relaxation.
• the method according to the invention is a physio-sensory transduction method comprising an acquisition step E1 of a physiological signal, for example a physiological signal 10 or 11 as represented in FIG. or 9.
• a physiological signal for example a physiological signal 10 or 11 as represented in FIG. or 9.
• ACQ SGI means "acquisition of the physiological signal”.
• Such an acquisition step E1 is carried out using a physio-sensory transduction device comprising an acquisition means arranged and / or programmed to acquire a physiological signal of an organism (not shown).
• the method according to the invention comprises a detection of one or more patterns in the physiological signal.
• the detection step E20 is carried out as and when the acquisition E1 of the physiological signal is made, which is illustrated by the loop RI on the diagram of this FIG. 4.
• "DET PAT” means "pattern detection", it being understood that the pattern detected is a pattern present in a part of the physiological signal that has just been acquired.
• the detection step E21 is performed after complete El acquisition of the physiological signal.
• box E21 of the diagram of FIG. 5, which corresponds to the pattern detection step "DET PAT / ' " means "pattern detection", it being understood that the detected pattern is a / ' -th pattern present in the acquired physiological signal.
• one or more patterns can be detected in the physiological signal after partial acquisition of this signal.
• Figure 2 shows part of the signal 10 of Figure 1 (part indicated by a rectangle in Figure 1).
• Figure 2 shows a pattern 100 which will be taken as an example to describe the invention thereafter.
• the pattern 100 is in this example representative of a deep sleep state and corresponds to a delta wave.
• Figure 10 shows a portion of the signal 11 of Figure 9 (indicated by a rectangle in Figure 9).
• several patterns of the signal 11 are designated by solid circles located above a maximum amplitude of each of these patterns.
• the patterns of Figure 10 are, in this example, representative of a waking state and correspond to beta waves.
• the physio-sensory transducer comprises sensing means arranged and / or programmed to detect one or more patterns in the physiological signal (not shown).
• the detection E20 or E21 of a pattern 100 comprises the substeps SE1, SE2 and SE3 described below with reference to FIG.
• the substep SE1 comprises a detection of the amplitude of the physiological signal 10 becoming greater than or equal to a first predetermined amplitude asl in a first time tsl.
• the first amplitude asl can have a value of 7 pV.
• FIG. 2 shows that said first time ts1 is typically after a start time of the pattern t1, which makes it possible to optimize the detection process by limiting the number of false detections.
• the substep SE2 comprises a detection of the amplitude of the physiological signal 10 becoming lower than a second predetermined amplitude as2 in a second time ts2.
• the second amplitude as2 may have a value of 0.89 pV.
• the value of the thresholds asl and as2 may be proportional to a standard deviation of the physiological signal 10.
• Sub-step SE3 comprises a validation test according to which a pattern 100 is detected if the time elapsed between said first ts1 and second time ts2 is greater than or equal to a predetermined duration.
• this predetermined duration may have a value of 100 ms.
• the method comprises an extraction of at least one pattern parameter from this pattern 100 detected.
• the extraction step E30 is carried out after the detection step for the pattern 100 detected during this last detection step.
• "BY PAT" means "pattern setting”.
• the extraction step E31 is carried out after the step of detecting the motif / ' -th pattern 100 detected in the physiological signal.
• box E31 of the diagram of FIG. 5, which corresponds to the step of extracting at least one pattern parameter "PAR PAT / ' " means "pattern parameterization", it being understood that the parameterized pattern is ⁇ / 'th pattern detected in the physiological signal.
• the extraction step is performed by extraction means included in the device of the invention, this extraction means being arranged and / or programmed to extract from each detected pattern at least one pattern parameter.
• the at least one pattern parameter results from a calculation or a measurement of:
• a first derivative is defined as a ratio between an amplitude variation over a time variation.
• the first derivative of the physiological signal 10 between said pattern start time t1 and said maximum amplitude time t2 corresponds to the ratio between:
• the first derivative of the physiological signal 10 between said maximum amplitude time t2 and said pattern end time t3 corresponds to the ratio between:
• a second derivative is defined as a variation of said first derivative on said corresponding time variation.
• the maximum amplitude a2 of the physiological signal 10 in the pattern 100 may be 27 pV
• the rise time may be 268 ms
• the descent time may be 348 ms.
• the detection means comprises a calculator or a measurement tool arranged and / or programmed to perform, for each detected pattern, said calculation or said measurement and to affect the result of this calculation or this measurement. auditing at least one reason parameter.
• the method of the invention comprises, during the extraction step, a parameterization of the physiological signal 10 in the time domain.
• no step is implemented to transform the physiological signal from a time domain to a frequency domain.
• the method according to the invention does not perform any processing step to obtain a frequency representation of the physiological signal in order to extract the pattern parameter (s).
• the pattern parameter s
• at least one and preferably all the pattern parameters are extracted from the physiological signal in the time domain.
• the sensory signal can be generated so as to transcribe the physiological signal in a relatively faithful manner from a perceptual point of view, in particular from the point of view of the temporal perception.
• a sensory signal is generated.
• This sensory signal is preferably a signal or an acoustic wave but may alternatively or complementarily be a signal or a wave of any other nature (visual, tactile, olfactory ...) provided it is perceptible by said body.
• the sensory signal is preferably a periodic function.
• the sensory signal may consist of a sinusoidal wave or a sum of sinusoids.
• the method of the invention comprises a generation of a sensory signal associated with this pattern 100 by means of a generation system arranged and / or programmed to generate such a signal.
• the step E40 for generating a sensory signal is performed after the extraction step E30.
• "GEN SG2" means "generation of a sensory signal”.
• the step E41 for generating a sensory signal is carried out after the extraction step E31.
• the box diagram of Figure 5 which corresponds to the generating step, "GEN SG2 / '' means 'generating a sensory signal", it being understood that the generated sensory signal is associated with ⁇ /' th pattern detected in the physiological signal during step E21.
• the generation step E40 can comprise different sub-steps. Various combinations of substeps of step E40 are illustrated in FIGS. 6 to 8 with reference to the embodiment of FIG. 4. These various combinations can of course be applied to the embodiment of FIG. 5 or to any other mode. embodiment according to the invention.
• the generation step E40 comprises a determination E401 of at least one parameter of the sensory signal as a function of the at least one pattern parameter extracted during the step E30.
• BY SG2 means "determination of at least one parameter of the sensory signal”.
• the sensory signal is generated as such using the generation system (not shown), this effective generation being illustrated by the box E408 in the diagram of FIG. 6.
• SG2 means "actual generation of the sensory signal”.
• the at least one sensory signal parameter is for example an oscillation frequency and / or a cutoff frequency and / or an amplitude.
• the generation system comprises a determination means arranged and / or programmed to determine at least one parameter of the sensory signal as a function of the at least one pattern parameter (not shown).
• the generation step E40 comprises an E403 modulation of the sensory signal as a function of a time envelope associated with the pattern processed in the steps E20 and E30.
• Such a time envelope consists of a specific signal constructed to modulate a sensory signal.
• time envelope 200 An example of time envelope 200 is shown in FIG.
• a time envelope 200 may be associated with this pattern 100 and have at least one envelope parameter determined according to the at least one pattern parameter.
• the at least one pattern parameter is not assigned to one or more parameters of the sensory signal as such, but
• the at least one pattern parameter determines at least one envelope parameter, which envelope serves to modulate the sensory signal.
• the generation step E40 comprises a substep of determination E402 of at least one envelope parameter.
• BY SG3 means "determination of at least one envelope parameter”.
• the sensory signal is modulated by the time envelope 200 and this modulated sensory signal is then generated as such.
• This generation of modulated sensory signal is illustrated by the box E403 in the diagram of FIG. 7.
• "SG2 + SG3" means "generation of the sensed signal modulated by the temporal envelope”.
• the generation system comprises a modulating means arranged and / or programmed to modulate the sensory signal as a function of a temporal envelope associated with the pattern being the subject of the generation of this sensory signal, this temporal envelope having at least one envelope parameter determined according to the at least one pattern parameter.
• the sensory signal generation according to the diagram of FIG. 8 combines the two approaches of FIGS. 6 and 7.
• the generation step E40 can thus comprise at the same time:
• SG2 + SG3 means "generation of the sensory signal modulated by the temporal envelope", it being understood that the sensory signal is itself parameterized according to the at least one parameter pattern.
• the generation system may comprise an amplifier, one or more oscillators, for example:
• a monophonic oscillator capable of generating a sine, triangle, square wave, etc.
• the device of the invention can implement analog and / or digital technologies.
• FIG. 3 shows an envelope of the ADSR type.
• ADSR comprises the following four successive phases: attack, decline (also called fall), maintenance (also called maintenance) and relaxation (also called extinction).
• the at least one envelope parameter may comprise:
• attack duration corresponding to a time elapsed between a start time t20 of this time envelope 200 and a time of maximum amplitude t21, and for example proportional or equal to the duration of rise of the associated pattern, or proportional to the maximum amplitude of the associated pattern,
• a release duration corresponding to a time elapsed from a time of end of holding time t23 to an end time t24 of time envelope 200, and for example proportional to the maximum amplitude or to the duration of descent the associated motive
• a holding amplitude a22 and for example proportional to the maximum amplitude of the associated pattern
• a duration of maintenance corresponding to a time elapsed between the end-of-decline time t22 (which corresponds in this case to the maintenance start time) and a start time of release t23 (which corresponds in this case to the end time of holding time), and for example proportional to the maximum amplitude or the duration of descent of the associated pattern,
• a total duration corresponding to a time elapsed between the start time t20 and the end of decline time t22 and for example proportional or equal to the total duration of the associated pattern, or proportional to the maximum amplitude of the associated pattern.
• the amplitude a22 may have the value of two thirds of the amplitude a21, and / or
• the decay time and the release time can each be half of the hold time.
• envelope parameters can be defined by a value defined by default in the device according to the invention.
• the preceding description essentially explains the generation of a sensory signal associated with a pattern detected in a physiological signal.
• a physiological signal generally comprises several patterns that can each give rise to a generation of a proper sensory signal.
• the physiological signal is read as and when it is acquired (loop RI).
• this pattern is in detected principle E20 triggering the realization of steps E30 and E40.
• a sensory signal associated with this pattern is thus generated. Therefore, the presence of several patterns in different parts of the physiological signal results in a successive generation of sensory signals associated with these different patterns.
• the detection steps E20 of the pattern (es), extraction E30 of said at least one pattern parameter, and generation E40 of said sensory signal can thus be performed in real time with respect to the acquisition E1 of the physiological signal.
• the generation system can be a real-time generator arranged and / or programmed to detect the pattern or patterns, extracting from the at least one pattern parameter, and generating said sensory signal in real time with respect to the acquisition of the physiological signal .
• the physiological signal is acquired in a preliminary or independent El step. For each pattern / 'detected in the physiological signal during the step E21, there is provided the E31 and E41 steps. A sensory signal associated with each pattern / ' is thus generated.
• each pattern is treated separately, either iteratively as illustrated by the loop R2, or in parallel (not shown). Therefore, the presence of several patterns in different parts of the physiological signal results in a generation of sensory signals associated with these different patterns.
• the sensory signals associated with the patterns detected are successively generated in real time or possibly through an intermediate recording in a computer data memory or a digital or electronic or electrical or analog signal (eg a sound file) allowing the subsequent generation of each sensory signal.
• the detected patterns are processed in parallel, or when they are generated after recording data in a memory, the sensory signals can be generated respecting or not the temporality of the patterns in the physiological signal.
• the generation of a sensory signal can therefore be performed in a delayed manner with respect to the acquisition of the physiological signal.
• the generation system may comprise an arranged retarder and / or programmed to generate the sensor signal in a delayed manner with respect to the acquisition of the physiological signal.
• each pattern 100 comprises as a pattern parameter said pattern start time t1, and that each sensory signal generated for each pattern detected includes a time of initiation of this sensory signal.
• the time elapsed between the initiation time of each pair of contiguously generated sensory signals is proportional or equal to the time elapsed between the pattern start time t1 of each pair of patterns detected. contiguously.
• the time envelope 200 comprises the following three envelope parameters: the attack amplitude a21, the attack duration and the extinction duration.
• the attack amplitude a21 the attack amplitude of the envelope 200 associated with a given pattern 100:
• the amplitude of attack a21 depends on - for example is proportional to - the maximum amplitude a2 of the physiological signal 10 in this pattern 100, and / or
• the duration of attack depends on, for example, is proportional to the duration of rise, and / or
• the duration of extinction depends on - for example is proportional to - the duration of descent.
• each sensory signal 31, 32, 33 and 34 are generated and correspond respectively to four patterns successively detected in a physiological signal, for example the signal 10 of FIG. 1.
• Each pattern 100 comprises as a pattern parameter a pattern end time t3 and each sensory signal generated for each pattern detected includes an expiration time of this sensory signal.
• FIG. 11 shows that these four sensory signals 31, 32, 33 and 34 are respectively generated in an initiation time t31, t33, t35 and t37 and end respectively in an expiration time t32, t34, t36 and t38.
• the amplitude, represented along the ordinate axis, of each sensory signal is constant between its initiation time and its expiration time.
• the embodiment MDR11 thus illustrates a simple case in which each sensory signal has an identical amplitude whatever the shape of the pattern associated with this sensory signal - by hypothesis, it is assumed in this example that the patterns associated with the sensory signals 31, 32 , 33 and 34 have a different shape, and have for example a different maximum amplitude.
• FIG 11 shows sensory signals 31, 32, 33 and 34 of different duration from one signal to another.
• each of the sensory signals 31, 32, 33 and 34 has a duration identical to the duration of the pattern associated with it, the duration of a sensory signal being defined by the time elapsed between its time initiation (for example t31 for the signal 31) and its expiration time (for example t32 for the signal 31).
• the embodiment MDR12 of FIG. 12 is similar to the embodiment MDR11, with the exception of the respective amplitude of the sensory signals 35, 36, 37 and 38 which is a function of - for example proportional to - the maximum amplitude physiological signal in the corresponding pattern. It can therefore be deduced from FIG. 12 that the maximum amplitude of the patterns associated with the sensory signals 35, 36, 37 and 38 is respectively smaller and smaller.
• the respective amplitude of the sensory signals 35, 36, 37 and 38 could be inversely proportional to the maximum amplitude of the physiological signal in the corresponding pattern, or be a function of any other nature, for example a function of this maximum amplitude and / or one or more other pattern parameters.
• Figure 13 shows another embodiment MDR13 in which four sensory signals 39, 40, 41 and 42 are generated.
• the generation of the sensory signal associated with this pattern 100 comprises said modulation of this sensory signal as a function of said temporal envelope 200 associated with this pattern 100. Consequently, it can be seen that the modulated sensory signals 39, 40, 41 and 42 each have a profile that changes over time, in this case have an amplitude that changes over time due to the modulation of these signals by a temporal envelope. , in this example an envelope of the type AR (see above for a description of different types of envelope).
• the at least one pattern parameter comprises a maximum amplitude a2 of the physiological signal 10 in this pattern 100
• the at least one envelope parameter comprises an attack duration a21 being proportional to said maximum amplitude a2 physiological signal 10 in the pattern associated with the corresponding envelope.
• the sensory signals 39, 40, 41 and 42 are respectively generated in an initiation time t39, t42, t45 and t48 and respectively end in an expiration time t41, t44, t47 and t50. These signals respectively have a time of maximum amplitude t40, t43, t46 and t49.
• the maximum amplitude reached by each of the sensory signals 39, 40, 41 and 42 is identical in absolute value from one signal to the other but occurs after a rise time different from one signal to the other.
• the rise time is defined by the time elapsed between the initiation time (for example t39 for the signal 39) and the time of maximum amplitude (for example t40 for the signal 39).
• the driving time envelope parameter is replaced by an envelope parameter comprising an amplitude of attack a21. proportional to said maximum amplitude a2 of the physiological signal in the pattern associated with the corresponding envelope.
• the embodiment MDR14 of FIG. 14 combines the two last embodiments that have just been described: the temporal envelope modulating each sensory signal has envelope parameters for both the attack duration and the amplitude of the envelope. 'attack. Moreover, in the embodiment MDR14, the temporal envelope implemented is of the ADSR type.
• the sensory signals 43, 44, 45 and 46 of FIG. 14 respectively have:
• an expiration time t55, t57, t61 and t65 (in this example, the expiration time of the signals 43, 44 and 45 respectively correspond to the initiation time of the signals 44, 45 and 46),
• a release start time t54, t56 (for the signal 44, the release start time corresponds to the maximum amplitude time of this signal), t60 and t64.
• FIG. 14 shows that successively generated sensory signals can reach a maximum amplitude different from one signal to another, this maximum amplitude being able to occur after a rise time that is different from one signal to the other, thanks to to a setting as described above.
• the at least one pattern parameter comprises a maximum amplitude a2 of the physiological signal 10 in this pattern 100, and the sensory signal is filtered with a filter having a cutoff frequency being function of said maximum amplitude a2 of the physiological signal 10 in this pattern 100.
• the at least one pattern parameter comprises a maximum amplitude a2 of the physiological signal 10 in this pattern 100, and the sensory signal can:
• the at least one sensory signal parameter varies as a function of a variation of the at least one pattern parameter, the at least one pattern parameter being preferably a maximum amplitude a2 of the physiological signal 10 in this pattern 100.
• the at least one sensory signal parameter may comprise an oscillation frequency and / or a cutoff frequency and / or an amplitude.
• the method may comprise a step of detecting all the patterns contained in a physiological signal followed by a classification step for selecting detected patterns representative of a particular cognitive state.
• a classification step may be useful in particular in a situation in which the chosen pattern detection criteria are capable of detecting patterns representative of different cognitive states that are to be distinguished. This could be the case after acquisition of a physiological signal representing brain activity for a prolonged period such as a night.
• the physiological signal may be representative of a brain activity of the body (alpha waves, beta, delta, etc.) or a cardiac or respiratory or ocular or muscle activity of the body of a body. animal or human being.
• the physiological signal is not invasively acquired in this animal or human, for example not by means of an intracerebral probe.
• the sensory signal may be an acoustic or visual or tactile or olfactory or taste signal.
• the sensory signal is preferably received (for example, listened to) by the same animal or human from which the physiological signal is derived. This is called a "personalized" sensory signal.
• This sensory signal can be replayed in a personalized way, to the same individual who has produced the sensory signal, or more generally to another user.

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