EP3601800B1 - Compresseur à plusieurs étages - Google Patents

Compresseur à plusieurs étages Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3601800B1
EP3601800B1 EP18713603.1A EP18713603A EP3601800B1 EP 3601800 B1 EP3601800 B1 EP 3601800B1 EP 18713603 A EP18713603 A EP 18713603A EP 3601800 B1 EP3601800 B1 EP 3601800B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure stage
compressor
valve device
low
stage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18713603.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3601800A1 (fr
Inventor
Günther MAYER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle International GmbH
Original Assignee
Mahle International GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mahle International GmbH filed Critical Mahle International GmbH
Publication of EP3601800A1 publication Critical patent/EP3601800A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3601800B1 publication Critical patent/EP3601800B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B25/00—Multi-stage pumps
    • F04B25/005—Multi-stage pumps with two cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/10—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/12—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections
    • F04B39/123—Fluid connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/007—Installations or systems with two or more pumps or pump cylinders, wherein the flow-path through the stages can be changed, e.g. from series to parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/22—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by means of valves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multi-stage compressor.
  • the invention also relates to a compressor with such a multistage compressor and an operating method for such a multistage compressor.
  • Multi-stage compressors or multi-stage compressors are well known and usually have at least one low-pressure stage and one high-pressure stage, the high-pressure stage being exposed to increased wear and thus often representing a weak point of such a multi-stage compressor.
  • Multi-stage compressors can, for example, have a plurality of piston-cylinder units, of which, for example, one piston-cylinder unit forms a high-pressure stage and a piston-cylinder unit forms a low-pressure stage.
  • the gas to be compressed for example air
  • the high-pressure stage the gas to be compressed, for example air
  • the charge air cooler in between.
  • a piston compressor in particular for supplying air to air suspension systems in motor vehicles, is known, which is designed as a multi-piston compressor with n> 2 cylinders in a star arrangement.
  • the present invention is therefore concerned with the problem of specifying a multistage compressor which overcomes the disadvantages known from the prior art.
  • the present invention is based on the general idea of specifying a multi-stage compressor with at least one high pressure stage and with at least one low pressure stage, which is switched during operation in such a way that not only a single piston-cylinder unit constantly forms the high pressure stage, but the high pressure stage across all Piston-cylinder units migrate, which means that even wear and thus a longer service life can be achieved.
  • a so-called "clocking" valve device is used which, depending on the switching position, relays the high pressure stage to a position for each cycle, that is to say assigns it to a subsequent piston-cylinder unit.
  • the multi-stage compressor according to the invention has at least two pistons driven via a common crankshaft mounted in a crankcase, which are guided in associated cylinders of a respective piston-cylinder unit and which form the at least one high pressure stage or the at least one low pressure stage.
  • a total of three or more piston-cylinder units can also be provided, one of which forms a high-pressure stage and the other two or more each form the upstream low-pressure stages.
  • a line arrangement communicating with the individual cylinders is provided for supplying and removing air to and from the individual cylinders.
  • the switchable valve device is arranged in this line arrangement, which valve device is designed in such a way that the high pressure stage depending on the switching position is assigned to different cylinders, wherein the at least one high pressure stage according to the invention moves one cylinder or a piston-cylinder unit on with each cylinder work cycle.
  • the valve device can be designed mechanically, electrically, pneumatically or in some other way.
  • the embodiment of the multi-stage compressor according to the invention makes it possible to use piston-cylinder units with the same dimensions, whereas in contrast to multi-stage compressors known from the prior art, for example, a high-pressure stage is executed with a smaller volume.
  • standard parts can be used, as a result of which the variety of parts and thus also the storage and logistics costs as well as the assembly costs can be reduced.
  • Another advantage of the multistage compressor according to the invention is that the high-pressure stage can still provide highly compressed air, even if a piston-cylinder unit fails.
  • a pre-compression cooler is provided which is connected downstream of the at least one low-pressure stage and upstream of the at least one high-pressure stage.
  • the thermal energy that is supplied to the air during compression can be withdrawn again via such a pre-compression cooler, whereby further compression is more easily possible.
  • a high-compression cooler can also be connected downstream of the high-pressure stage, for example before the now highly compressed charge air is introduced into a pressure accumulator, as a result of which the storage capacity can be increased.
  • a high-pressure stage and three low-pressure stages are provided, as well as four pistons driven by a common crankshaft mounted in a crankcase, which are guided in associated cylinders in associated piston-cylinder assemblies and the one high-pressure stage and three Form low pressure stages.
  • Such a compressor can be driven, for example, by an electric motor.
  • alternative embodiments of the multistage compressor according to the invention can also be considered for this, for example with a total of five, six or more compressor stages, two of which function as high-pressure stages and the rest as low-pressure stages. Due to the fact that in the multistage compressor according to the invention all compressor stages, that is to say all piston-cylinder units, have the same dimensions, almost any scaling is possible. If, for example, a higher volume flow is required, the number or the volume of the compressor units can simply be increased.
  • the present invention is further based on the general idea of equipping a compressor, in particular an oil-free compressor, with an interconnection described in the previous paragraphs, whereby an intrinsically long-lived one and reliable functioning can be achieved, since the multistage compressor according to the invention not only wears less and is therefore more durable, but also theoretically can easily compensate for the failure of at least one pressure stage with appropriate detection devices and sensors and control devices.
  • the present invention is further based on the general idea of specifying an operating method of the multi-stage compressor described above, in which a switchable valve device is switched such that the high pressure stage is assigned to different cylinders depending on the switching position of the valve device, in particular that the at least one high pressure stage is assigned to each work cycle , that is, when an associated piston moves up and down in an associated piston-cylinder unit, one cylinder moves further.
  • a switchable valve device is switched such that the high pressure stage is assigned to different cylinders depending on the switching position of the valve device, in particular that the at least one high pressure stage is assigned to each work cycle , that is, when an associated piston moves up and down in an associated piston-cylinder unit, one cylinder moves further.
  • it is conceivable not to change the high pressure stage every working cycle but e.g. only every tenth working cycle. That is, over a time interval t, all piston-cylinder assemblies would still be loaded in the same way and therefore also worn.
  • a multistage compressor 1 according to the invention has at least one high pressure stage 2 and at least one low pressure stage 3.
  • the multi-stage compressor 1 according to the invention has a total of four pressure stages, one of which is a high pressure stage 2 and three as a Low pressure stages 3 are formed.
  • Each pressure stage 2, 3 has its own piston-cylinder unit 4 with a cylinder 5 and a piston 6 mounted in it so as to be translationally adjustable, the pistons 6 via a common and in a crankcase 7 (cf. Fig. 1 ) mounted crankshaft 8 are driven.
  • a line arrangement 9 communicating with the individual cylinders 5 for supplying and removing air to and from the cylinders 5. In the line arrangement 9 (cf.
  • a switchable valve device 10 is arranged, which is designed in such a way that the high-pressure stage 2 is or is assigned to different cylinders 5 depending on the switching position of a valve body 11 of the valve device 10, in particular that the at least one high-pressure stage 2 for each working cycle of a piston 6 a cylinder 5 moves on.
  • valve device 10 is shown in a suction position in which the low-pressure stages 3 suck in air from the crankcase 7 via the valve body 11 of the valve device 10.
  • the suction can optionally also take place directly from the ambient air or an intermediate filter.
  • air that has already been pre-compressed in a previous work cycle and cooled via the pre-compression cooler 12 is sucked in and fed via the valve body 11 to the valve device 10 of the high-pressure stage 2, i.e. the piston-cylinder unit 4 shown above on the left.
  • valve device 10 By turning the valve body 11 clockwise or in the opposite direction, the valve device 10 according to the invention and the associated line arrangement 9 move the respective high pressure stage 2 over the individual piston-cylinder units 4, whereby the wear phenomena that increasingly occur in the high pressure stage 2 evenly occur all piston-cylinder units 4 can be distributed and as a result of which the life expectancy of the multistage compressor 1 according to the invention increases significantly.
  • the compressor 1 shown is provided with a total of three low-pressure stages 3 and only a single high-pressure stage 2, it being understood that further low-pressure stages 3 or high-pressure stages 2 can also be provided.
  • the multistage compressor 1 is operated, in which the switchable valve device 10 is switched in such a way that the high pressure stage 2 is assigned to different cylinders 5, i.e. different piston-cylinder units 4, depending on the switching position, so that the at least one high pressure stage 2 at Each work cycle of the piston 6 or with each switching cycle of the valve device 10 a cylinder 5 or a piston-cylinder unit 4 moves on.
  • the switchable valve device 10 is switched in such a way that the high pressure stage 2 is assigned to different cylinders 5, i.e. different piston-cylinder units 4, depending on the switching position, so that the at least one high pressure stage 2 at Each work cycle of the piston 6 or with each switching cycle of the valve device 10 a cylinder 5 or a piston-cylinder unit 4 moves on.
  • the multistage compressor 1 according to the invention also has the great advantage that, for example, if a single low-pressure stage 3 fails, this can be switched off by detection, for example by means of a corresponding control device, so that the multistage compressor 1 according to the invention can also be used if one or more low-pressure stages 3 fail or high-pressure stage 2 continues to function, since high-pressure stage 2 is not only linked to a single piston-cylinder unit 4 or at least to a fixed piston-cylinder unit.
  • the valve device 10 has according to FIG Fig. 4 a rotatable cylindrical valve body 11 with an upper part 17 and a lower part 18 and can be pneumatically, electrically or hydraulically switchable.
  • different inlets 15 or outlets 16 are arranged in the valve body 11 on its lateral surface, which can also change their inlet function or outlet function depending on the switching position.
  • the inputs 15 and the outputs 16 can also be interchanged.
  • FIG. 5 an upper part 17 of the valve body 11 is shown in a suction position in which the low-pressure stages 3 suck in air from the crankcase 7 or from the environment, in particular via a filter device. Air is sucked in via three inlets 15a. The sucked-in air is fed via the outputs 16a assigned to the inputs 15a to the piston-cylinder assemblies 4 designed as low-pressure stages 3 and, after the compression cycle, to the pre-compression cooler 12.
  • pre-compression cooler 12 refers to the cooling after the low-pressure compression and before the high-pressure compression.
  • valve device 10 By turning the valve body 11 clockwise or in the opposite direction, the valve device 10 according to the invention and the associated line arrangement 9 move the respective high pressure stage 2 over the individual piston-cylinder units 4, whereby the wear phenomena that increasingly occur in the high pressure stage 2 evenly occur all piston-cylinder units 4 can be distributed and as a result of which the life expectancy of the multistage compressor 1 according to the invention increases significantly.
  • the two parts 17, 18 can be rotated relative to one another or together.
  • the intake stroke is controlled via the lower part 17.
  • the exhaust stroke via the upper part 18, or vice versa.
  • Both parts 17, 18 move simultaneously clockwise or counter-clockwise in order to enable precise timing with a robust construction at the same time.
  • crankshaft 8 and thus the multistage compressor 1 can be driven, for example, by an electric motor (not shown).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Compresseur à plusieurs étages (1),
    - avec au moins un étage à haute pression (2) et au moins un étage à basse pression (3),
    - avec au moins deux pistons (6) entraînés par le biais d'un vilebrequin (8) commun et logé dans un carter de vilebrequin (7) qui sont guidés dans des cylindres afférents (5), et qui forment l'au moins un étage à haute pression (2) et l'au moins un étage à basse pression (3),
    - avec un agencement de conduites (9) communiquant avec les cylindres individuels (5) pour l'amenée et l'évacuation d'air vers et depuis les cylindres (5),
    - dans lequel un dispositif de soupape (10) commutable est agencé dans l'agencement de conduites (9), lequel est réalisé de telle manière que l'au moins un étage à haute pression (2) soit associé selon la position de commutation du dispositif de soupape (10) respectivement aux différents cylindres (5),
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'au moins un étage à haute pression (2) continue de migrer pour chaque cycle de travail de cylindre ou chaque position de commutation vers un cylindre (5).
  2. Compresseur selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    pendant un intervalle de temps t chacun des groupes de cylindre et de piston (4) pour un même nombre de cadences de travail de cylindre est réalisé comme étage à haute pression (2) ou comme étage à basse pression (3).
  3. Compresseur selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    un refroidisseur de précompression (12) monté en aval d'au moins un étage à basse pression (3) et monté en amont d'au moins un étage à haute pression (2) est prévu.
  4. Compresseur selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de soupape (10) présente un corps de soupape (11) cylindrique rotatif.
  5. Compresseur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de soupape (10) est commutable par voie pneumatique, électrique ou hydraulique.
  6. Compresseur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    - un étage à haute pression (2) et trois étages à basse pression (5) sont prévus,
    - quatre pistons (6) entraînés par le biais d'un vilebrequin (8) commun et logé dans un carter de vilebrequin (7) qui sont guidés dans des cylindres (5) afférents, et qui forment l'un étage à haute pression (2) et les trois étages à basse pression (3).
  7. Compresseur (19), en particulier compresseur sans huile, avec un compresseur à plusieurs étages (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes.
  8. Procédé de fonctionnement d'un compresseur à plusieurs étages (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, pour lequel le dispositif de soupape (10) commutable est monté de telle manière que l'au moins un étage à haute pression (2) soit associé selon la position de commutation du dispositif de soupape (10) respectivement aux différents cylindres (5), en particulier que l'au moins un étage à haute pression (2) continue de migrer pour chaque cycle de travail de cylindre vers un cylindre (5).
EP18713603.1A 2017-03-29 2018-03-20 Compresseur à plusieurs étages Active EP3601800B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017205366.6A DE102017205366A1 (de) 2017-03-29 2017-03-29 Mehrstufiger Verdichter
PCT/EP2018/057058 WO2018177821A1 (fr) 2017-03-29 2018-03-20 Compresseur à plusieurs étages

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3601800A1 EP3601800A1 (fr) 2020-02-05
EP3601800B1 true EP3601800B1 (fr) 2021-01-27

Family

ID=61800491

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18713603.1A Active EP3601800B1 (fr) 2017-03-29 2018-03-20 Compresseur à plusieurs étages

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20200040879A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3601800B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN110462214B (fr)
DE (1) DE102017205366A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018177821A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111207054B (zh) * 2020-02-22 2021-07-30 邵立坤 一种空压机

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3072317A (en) * 1960-02-24 1963-01-08 Joy Mfg Co Multi-stage compressor
US6183211B1 (en) * 1999-02-09 2001-02-06 Devilbiss Air Power Company Two stage oil free air compressor
DE10249062A1 (de) * 2002-10-22 2004-06-03 Pfeiffer Vacuum Gmbh Mehrstufige Kolbenvakuumpumpe und Verfahren zu deren Betrieb
AT502998B1 (de) * 2006-01-11 2008-05-15 Leobersdorfer Maschf Hochdruck-kompressor sowie dessen verwendung und verfahren zu dessen betrieb
CN101769222B (zh) * 2010-02-21 2011-12-21 张世严 热力水轮机发电装置
DE102010053091A1 (de) * 2010-12-01 2012-06-06 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Mehrstufiger Kolbenverdichter
DE102014213391A1 (de) * 2013-07-09 2015-01-15 Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg Kolbenkompressor in Sternanordnung und Verfahren zum Betrieb
DE102014202265A1 (de) * 2014-02-07 2015-08-13 Voith Patent Gmbh Verdichter für ein Druckluftsystem insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugs
CN205897601U (zh) * 2016-08-03 2017-01-18 宁夏万仕隆冷冻科技股份有限公司 一种可实现单、双级自动切换运行的双级配打制冷机组

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3601800A1 (fr) 2020-02-05
CN110462214B (zh) 2020-11-17
US20200040879A1 (en) 2020-02-06
WO2018177821A1 (fr) 2018-10-04
DE102017205366A1 (de) 2018-10-04
CN110462214A (zh) 2019-11-15

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