EP3592754A1 - Composés-clips surfactants pour l'extraction et la stabilisation en solution de protéines membranaires - Google Patents
Composés-clips surfactants pour l'extraction et la stabilisation en solution de protéines membranairesInfo
- Publication number
- EP3592754A1 EP3592754A1 EP17832306.9A EP17832306A EP3592754A1 EP 3592754 A1 EP3592754 A1 EP 3592754A1 EP 17832306 A EP17832306 A EP 17832306A EP 3592754 A1 EP3592754 A1 EP 3592754A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- compound
- nmr
- mhz
- esi
- ppm
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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- 210000001908 sarcoplasmic reticulum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical compound O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HSNZZMHEPUFJNZ-SHUUEZRQSA-N sedoheptulose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C(=O)CO HSNZZMHEPUFJNZ-SHUUEZRQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SQVRNKJHWKZAKO-OQPLDHBCSA-N sialic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)C[C@@](O)(C(O)=O)OC1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO SQVRNKJHWKZAKO-OQPLDHBCSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PZDOWFGHCNHPQD-VNNZMYODSA-N sophorose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](C=O)O[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O PZDOWFGHCNHPQD-VNNZMYODSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002849 thermal shift Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical class CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NMXLJRHBJVMYPD-IPFGBZKGSA-N trehalulose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@]1(O)CO[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 NMXLJRHBJVMYPD-IPFGBZKGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RULSWEULPANCDV-PIXUTMIVSA-N turanose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C(=O)CO)O[C@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O RULSWEULPANCDV-PIXUTMIVSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H15/00—Compounds containing hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to hetero atoms of saccharide radicals
- C07H15/02—Acyclic radicals, not substituted by cyclic structures
- C07H15/14—Acyclic radicals, not substituted by cyclic structures attached to a sulfur, selenium or tellurium atom of a saccharide radical
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C237/00—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by amino groups
- C07C237/02—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by amino groups having the carbon atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton
- C07C237/04—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by amino groups having the carbon atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
- C07C237/12—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by amino groups having the carbon atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to an acyclic carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by carboxyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C237/00—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by amino groups
- C07C237/02—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by amino groups having the carbon atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton
- C07C237/22—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by amino groups having the carbon atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton having nitrogen atoms of amino groups bound to the carbon skeleton of the acid part, further acylated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D249/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D249/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
- C07D249/04—1,2,3-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,3-triazoles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H15/00—Compounds containing hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to hetero atoms of saccharide radicals
- C07H15/02—Acyclic radicals, not substituted by cyclic structures
- C07H15/04—Acyclic radicals, not substituted by cyclic structures attached to an oxygen atom of the saccharide radical
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H15/00—Compounds containing hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to hetero atoms of saccharide radicals
- C07H15/26—Acyclic or carbocyclic radicals, substituted by hetero rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K1/00—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length
- C07K1/14—Extraction; Separation; Purification
- C07K1/145—Extraction; Separation; Purification by extraction or solubilisation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to surfactant compounds and their use for the extraction and solution stabilization of membrane proteins extracted in aqueous solution.
- the present invention finds an industrial application in the field of biochemistry as well as in the medical field, and in particular in the field of drug design assisted by the target structure.
- references in brackets ([]) refer to the list of references at the end of the text.
- targets are mostly accessible on the surface of pathogens and thus anchored or embedded in the plasma membrane. Extract and maintain target PMs, sometimes homo- and / or hetero-oligomeric, in their native state for as long as they are being supported by the immune system helps to improve the quality of antibodies, their effectiveness being directly related to the structural integrity of the injected proteins. It is also important in terms of the production of antigens, which correctly conformed can be injected at a lower dose, which allows a gain of scale.
- LNG lauryl maltoside neopentyl glycols
- MNG Maltose-neopentyl glycol
- the compounds of the invention consist of a series of amphiphilic surfactants allowing the extraction of membrane proteins (PMs), while having a small impact on the native and functional state of the PM.
- the compounds of the invention significantly increase the stability of the PMs extracted in aqueous solution.
- These molecules have the unique property of encircling the hydrophobic region of the PMs as clips by a triple interaction capacity: 1 / hydrophobic interaction between the residues of the membrane region of the protein and the fatty chain of detergents, 21 Hydrogen type interaction , in particular reinforced by the presence of osides or polyether chain and 3 / ionic interaction between the weak acidic functions of the polar head of the detergent and the basic residues whose abundance is particularly high at the membrane-cytoplasmic interface of the PMs .
- the molecules of the invention also make it possible to extract and stabilize the PM at 4 ° C. in the short and long terms (several tens of days).
- a first subject of the invention relates to compounds of formula (I):
- X is -OH, , -S (CH 2 ) n CH 3 ,
- Y represents - (CH 2 ) n CH 3 , (CH 2 ) M CH 3 --CO 2 R 2 - (CH 2 ) 2 OR 1 or
- ⁇ Z represents -NHCO (CH 2) n CH (CH 2) m CH 3 (CH 2) n Cy - 2.
- R 1 represents a monosaccharide, a disaccharide or polyethylene glycol
- R 2 is H, Na or K
- M is an integer from 4 to 21;
- N is an integer ranging from 4 to 21;
- P is an integer from 1 to 3;
- Q is an integer from 1 to 5;
- R is an integer from 1 to 10;
- Cy represents cyclohexyl
- the term "monosaccharide” refers to a carbohydrate monomer comprising from 3 to 14 carbon atoms. It may be, for example, a monosaccharide chosen from glyceraldehyde, dihydroxyacetone, erythrose, threose, erythrulose, deoxyribose, ribose, arabinose, xylose, lyxose, ribulose, xylulose, allose, altrose, galactose, glucose, gulose, idose, mannose, talose, fructose, psicose, sorbose, tagatose, fucose, rhamnose, sedoheptulose, mannoheptulose, heptahydroxyoctanal, neuraminic acid and sialic acid, as well as their derivatives.
- it may be glucose. It may be a cyclic or acyclic monosaccharide. Among the cyclic monosaccharides, it may be a monosaccharide of pyranic or furan form, for example ⁇ -D-glucopyranose.
- the term "disaccharide” means a diholoside formed by two carbohydrate monomers via a saccharide bond. he may be a homodiholoside or a heterodiholoside. If it is a homodiholoside, it may be for example a fructose homodiholoside, such as inulobiose, or mannose, such as 2alpha-mannobiose or 3alpha-mannobiose, or glucose, as trehalose, kojibiose, nigerose, maltose, isomaltose, sophorose, laminaribiose, cellobiose or gentiobiose, or their derivatives.
- a fructose homodiholoside such as inulobiose, or mannose, such as 2alpha-mannobiose or 3alpha-mannobiose, or glucose, as trehalose, kojibiose, nigerose, malto
- ethylmaltoside It may be for example ethylmaltoside.
- it may be a glucose-fructose heterodiholoside, for example chosen from, such as for example trehalulose, sucrose, turanose, maltulose, leucrose, isomaltulose and gentiobiulose, and derivatives thereof, or a heterodiholoside selected from melibiose, lactulose, lactose and rutinose, and derivatives thereof.
- m may be chosen from among the integers 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 1 1, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 and 21.
- n can be chosen from the integers 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 1 1, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 and 21. It can be for example numbers 10, 12 or 14.
- p may be chosen from integers 1, 2 and 3.
- q may be chosen from integers 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5.
- r can be chosen from integers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10.
- integers m, n, p, q and r are independent of each other, and all combinations of these integers are part of the invention.
- the term "pharmaceutically acceptable salts” includes salts prepared with non-toxic acids or bases, depending on the substituents present on the compounds.
- the corresponding salts can be obtained by addition of a base organic or inorganic on the compound in neutralized form in the presence of a solvent, preferably inert.
- a base addition salt may be sodium, potassium, calcium, ammonium, amino (organic), or magnesium salts.
- the invention includes, for example, a compound of formula (I) in which:
- ⁇ X ⁇
- Y represents C ° 2R or CONHCH 2 CO 2 R o
- Z represents -NHCO (CH 2 ) n CH 3 or (CH 2 ) M CH 3 .
- R 1 represents a monosaccharide, for example glucose, a disaccharide, for example maltose, or polyethylene glycol;
- R 2 is H, Na or K
- M is an integer ranging from 4 to 21, for example equal to 1 1;
- N is an integer ranging from 4 to 21, for example equal to 8.10, 11, 12, 14 or 17;
- P is an integer equal to 1 to 3, for example equal to 2;
- they may be for example compounds of group 3.7, for example 3.7b, 3.7c, 3.7e, 3.7g, 3.7j, 3.7I, or of group 4.6, for example 4.6b or 4.6d, as described in the "Examples" section below.
- the invention includes, for example, a compound of formula (I) in which:
- X is -S (CH 2 ) n CH 3;
- Y is - (CH 2 ) 2 OR 1 ; - H N- I "I-
- Z represents (CH 2 ) P CO 2 R 2 .
- ⁇ R 1 represents a monosaccharide, a disaccharide, for example matlose, or polyethylene glycol;
- R 2 is H, Na or K
- N is an integer ranging from 4 to 21, for example equal to 1 1, 13, 15 or 17;
- P is an integer equal to 1 to 3, for example equal to 2;
- they may be for example compounds of group 5.3, for example 5.3a, b, c or d, and in particular of compound 5.3a, as described in the "Examples" section below.
- each of the compounds corresponding to formula (I), and described in the "Examples” part, and in particular in Tables 1 and 2 of the “Examples” part, are molecules that are the subject of the invention.
- the molecules of the present invention do not absorb, or negligibly, from 220 to 500 nm (and beyond), and thus do not prevent the detection of proteins at 280 nm.
- the molecules of the invention do not form an insoluble complex with divalent metals.
- This lack of interaction with metals is, for example, very useful during the affinity-metal chromatography steps, which use nickel or cobalt, and which can not be carried out with high concentrations of conventional detergents, unlike the molecules of the invention. It is also very useful to avoid the precipitation of complexes in the presence of calcium and magnesium which are protein co-factors commonly found in living conditions.
- the inventors have experimentally demonstrated that it is possible to vary the CMC (critical micelle concentration) of the compounds of the invention by varying their substituents, for example by varying the length of the aliphatic chain and / or the size of the polar heads, depending on the purpose, for example to easily remove a high CMC detergent by dialysis or ultrafiltration or to retain it using lower CMC compounds .
- the inventors have experimentally demonstrated that it is possible to carry out selective extractions, as a function of the membrane extract proteins, by means of the molecules of the invention, by varying their technical characteristics, in particular their substituents, in particular when Membrane proteins of interest are typically co-purified using conventional techniques with a contaminant.
- the extraction of membrane proteins using the molecules of the invention does not cause a decrease in the functional activity of the PM once they are extracted.
- the extraction by means of the molecules of the invention may allow an increase in the functional activity of the extracted PM, this being a function of the nature of the PM to be extracted.
- the inventors have furthermore experimentally demonstrated that the molecules of the invention stabilize membrane proteins in solution at least twice as long, for example twice, three times, four times, five times or more, than a detergent. classic.
- the compounds of the invention may be prepared using any suitable method known to those skilled in the art, including at least one of the methods comprising peptide coupling, deprotection of the Fmoc (fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl) group, formation of amides, catalytic hydrogenation, deprotection of the fBu (tert-butyl) group, deprotection of the methyl or ethyl esters, deprotection of the Boc groups, Huisgen cycloaddition, deacetylation reaction, formation of the carboxylate salts (Na, K) and trityl deprotection and thiol coupling. ene.
- a second subject of the invention relates to a method for extracting membrane proteins associated with a biological membrane, comprising a step of contacting an aqueous solution of membrane proteins associated with the biological membrane with at least one compound of formula (I) as defined above.
- biological membrane is intended to mean any assembly of lipophilic molecules into a double layer separating a cell from its environment, composed of a bilayer of amphiphilic lipids, in particular phospholipids, each membrane lipid consisting of a hydrophilic polar head oriented towards the outside of the membrane and a hydrophobic tail oriented inwardly. It can be a prokaryotic cell membrane, eukaryotic cell, animal - with the exception of human embryonic stem cells - or plant, or a virus.
- a eukaryotic cell it may be for example a plasma membrane, an intracellular membrane, such as a nuclear membrane, a lysosome, an exosome, a proteoliposome, an endoplasmic reticulum membrane. smooth or rough, or a membrane of the Golgi apparatus, this list not being limiting. It may also be a transgenic isolated host cell derived from a cell line in which one or more antigens of interest are expressed, for example by genetic engineering techniques of DNA, or of Recombinant RNA, or by infection of a cell with a viral vector expressing one or more vaccine antigens of interest. Any genetic engineering technique known to those skilled in the art allowing the expression of a transgene in a cell can be used.
- the cell can be any cell isolated, especially with the exception of human embryonic stem cells, for example an isolated human cell - human embryonic stem cells being for example excluded - or an isolated animal - non-human or plant cell.
- the isolated cell may be from a cell line selected from Vero (ATCC No. CCL-81) such as Vero 76 (ATCC No.
- CRL-1587 CHO as CHO-KI (CCL 61, ATCC), BHK as BHK 21 [C-13] (ATCC® CCL-10 TM), HELA, ® PerC6 (Crucell), HEK293 (ATCC® CRL-1573 TM), Sf9 (ATCC CRL-171 1), MDCK, e.g. MDCK (NBL -2) (ATCC® CCL-34 TM), this list not being limiting.
- the biological membrane may be entire, that is, integral, or be a biological membrane fraction, i.e., a part of a biological membrane.
- membrane protein in the sense of the present invention, a protein associated with biological membranes, that is to say, is anchored or integral, and not free diffusion in aqueous media.
- Membrane proteins that may be mentioned include, for example, plasma membrane proteins and intracellular membrane proteins, for example mitochondrial, nuclear or lysosomal membrane proteins. It may be, for example, a transport protein, for example an ABC transporter, optionally chosen from the group comprising P (Pgp / ABCB1), MRP1 / ABCC1, MRP2 / ABCC2, BCRP / ABCG2 and BmrA glycoproteins.
- it may be a protein of interest expressed transgenically in a biological membrane, for example the above-mentioned proteins expressed in eukaryotic cells, as described by Baiceanu et al. (Baiceanu E et al .:
- the biological membrane may be brought into contact with at least one compound of formula (I) as defined above, or at least two or at least three of these compounds, or even more.
- the selection of several of one or more compound (s) of the invention can allow the selective extraction of a membrane protein, for example to overcome contaminants.
- the biological membrane may be previously dissolved in aqueous solution, for example in a buffer solution.
- the step of contacting an aqueous solution comprising the membrane protein to be extracted with at least one compound of formula (I) may be carried out at a pH at which the carboxylic groups of the molecules of the invention are ionized, in order to maximize the clip effect of the molecules.
- the pH is a pH of between 5.0 and 12, for example a pH of 5.0, or 6.0, or 7.0, or 8.0, or 9.0, or 10.0, or 1 1, 0, or 12.0.
- the extraction process of the invention may further comprise a step of incubating the membrane protein and the compound of the invention.
- the incubation time can be adapted so that all or part of the membrane proteins to be extracted are in solution.
- the incubation time may be determined by those skilled in the art who will be able to adapt it according to the membrane to be solubilized and / or the protein to be extracted and / or the desired extraction yield.
- the incubation time may be, for example, 15 minutes, or 30 minutes, or 1 hour, or 2 hours, or 3 hours, or even greater than 3 hours.
- the incubation step may be carried out at a temperature that is suitable for the protein to be extracted, in particular to avoid denaturation thereof, especially with respect to heat.
- the temperature can be adapted accordingly by those skilled in the art; typically, for non-thermostable proteins, it may be between 4 and 40 ° C and for thermostable proteins, 40-90 ° C.
- the extraction process of the invention may further comprise a separation step, to obtain the fraction containing the desired protein. It may be any method known to those skilled in the art, for example a centrifuge. At the end of the separation step, a fraction containing the protein extracted from the membrane is obtained.
- the protein may be stored in a solution comprising at least one compound of the invention.
- the compounds of the invention allow the functional stabilization of proteins, especially after they have been extracted from their membrane.
- Another subject of the invention thus relates to a method for stabilizing membrane proteins in solution, that is to say outside the biological membrane in which they were originally in an aqueous solution, comprising a step ( i) comprising contacting an aqueous solution of a membrane protein in solution with at least one compound of formula (I) of the invention.
- the stabilization of the protein may be a conservation of all or part of the functional properties of the latter with respect to its native state. It can be a conservation of at least 50% of the activity of the protein compared to its native state, or at least 60%, or at least 70%, or at least 80%, or at least 90%, or 100% of this activity.
- the protein is thus stabilized at a temperature of between 0 ° C. and 10 ° C. for a period of time greater than 1 day, for example greater than 5 days, or greater than 10 days, or greater than 20 days or greater. at 30 days, or more than 40 days.
- the membrane proteins may have been dissolved by an extraction step using a compound of the invention, as defined above, or by means of an extraction step with another detergent, that is, ie a commercial detergent, for example DDM (n-dodecyl ⁇ -d-maltoside), LMNG (lauryl maltose neopentyl glycol), Triton X100 or FA3 (amphiphilic facial 3).
- a commercial detergent for example DDM (n-dodecyl ⁇ -d-maltoside), LMNG (lauryl maltose neopentyl glycol), Triton X100 or FA3 (amphiphilic facial 3).
- Figure 1 shows the ABC BmrA transporter topology and the transport cycle of substrates across the plasma membrane.
- Figure 2 shows the absorption spectra of calix [4] arenic detergents (exemplified with C4C7) compared to those of the clip molecules of the invention. The wavelengths are expressed in nm.
- Panel A the absorption spectrum of the DDM (1 mM) is represented in a continuous line; that of C4C7 (1 mM) is shown in dotted lines.
- Panel B the absorption spectrum of compound 2.3b (1 mM) is represented in -; that of compound 2.3c (1 mM) is represented in a continuous line; that of compound 2.3d (1 mM) is represented as TM .
- Panel C the absorption spectrum of the compound 3.7e (1 mM) is represented in -; that of compound 3.7f (1 mM) is represented as ⁇ ; that of the compound 3.7g (1 mM) is represented in; that of compound 3.7h (1 mM) is represented in; that of compound 3.7j (1 mM) is represented in a continuous line.
- Panel D the absorption spectrum of compound 4.6b (1 mM) is represented in ⁇ ; that of compound 4.6c (1 mM) is represented in a continuous line; that of the compound 4.6d (1 mM) is represented in -
- Panel F the absorption spectrum of the compound 3.9a (1 mM) is represented in a continuous line.
- Panel G the absorption spectrum of compound 3.7a (1 mM) is represented in; that of compound 3.7b (1 mM) is represented in; 3.7k that of compound (1 mM) is shown in TM -; that of compound 3.7I (1 mM) is represented in a continuous line; that of compound 3.7c (1 mM) is represented in ⁇ ; that of the compound 3.7d (1 mM) is represented in: -> - > .
- Figure 3 shows the interaction of divalent cations with the molecules of the invention as opposed to detergents arenic calix [4], here exemplified with C4C12, and shows the lack of interaction of divalent cations with the molecules of the invention as opposed to calix [4] arenic detergents.
- Absorbance is measured at 600 nm for different concentrations of MgC (mM).
- Panel A Absorption of Compound 3.7b at 0.45 mM (round), 1.5 mM (squares) and 4.5 mM (triangles).
- Panel B Absorption of Compound 3.7c at concentrations of 0.2 mM (cross), 0.5 mM (round), 2 mM (squares) and 6 mM (triangles).
- Panel C Absorption of Compound 3.7d at concentrations 0.0045 mM (round), 0.0015 mM (squares) and 0.045 mM (triangles).
- Panel D absorption of compound 3.7e at concentrations 0.2 mM (cross), 0.5 mM (round), 2 mM (squares) and 6 mM (triangles).
- Panel E Absorption of 3.7f at concentrations of 0.006 mM (round), 0.02 mM (squares) and 0.06 mM (triangles).
- Panel F Absorption of 3.7g at concentrations of 0.003 mM (round), 0.01 mM (squares) and 0.03 mM (triangles).
- Panel G Absorption of 3.7h at 0.003 mM (round), 0.01 mM (squares) and 0.05 mM (triangles).
- Panel H Absorption of Compound 3.7i at 0.3 mM (round), 1 mM (squares) and 3 mM (triangles).
- Panel I Absorption of 3.7j at concentrations 0.006 mM (round), 0.02 mM (squares) and 0.06 mM (triangles).
- Panel J Absorption of compound 3.7k at 0.3 mM (round), 1 mM (squares) and 3 mM (triangles) concentrations.
- Panel K absorption of compound 3.7I at concentrations 0.3 mM (round), 1 mM (squares) and 3 mM (triangles).
- Panel L Absorbance of compound 2.3f at concentrations of 0.24 mM (round), 0.8 mM (squares) and 2.4 mM (triangles).
- Panel M Absorption of compound 2.3g at 0.03 mM (round), 0.1 mM (squares) and 0.3 mM (triangles).
- Panel N absorption of compound 2.3h at 0.15 mM (round), 0.5 mM (squares) and 1.5 mM (triangles) concentrations.
- Panel O Absorption of compound 4.5c at 0.3 mM (round), 1 mM (squares) and 3 mM (triangles) concentrations.
- Panel P Absorption of Compound 4.5d at 0.15 mM (round), 0.5 mM (squares) and 1.5 mM (triangles).
- Panel Q absorption of compound 4.6c at concentrations
- Panel R absorption compound 4.6d at concentrations 1mM (round), 3mM (squares) and 9mM (triangles).
- Panel S Absorption of Compound 3.9a at 0.01 mM (round), 0.1 mM (squares) and 1 mM (triangles).
- Panel T Absorption of the compound C4C12 (calixarene) at concentrations 0.03 mM (round), 0.1 mM (squares) and 0.3 mM (triangles).
- FIG. 4 represents the fluorescence (%) of DPH (1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene) in the presence of increasing concentrations (0.0001 mM, 0.001 mM, 0.01 mM, 0.1 mM, 1 mM and 10 mM) of clips (compounds of the invention), exemplified with compounds # 3.7e (C13, points represented by squares) and 3.7f (C18, points represented by circles). The experiment is performed in triplicates. In agreement with Chattopadhyay, A. & London, E ([22]), the CMC corresponds to the concentration from which the slope break is observed, here 20 ⁇ for 3.7f and 2 mM for 3.7e (black symbols) .
- Figure 5 shows the light scattering (DLS) of clips, Intensity (%, left A column) and number (%, B column right), as a function of wavelength (nm). The estimated diameters are indicated on each panel (column A). Columns A and B, from top to bottom: compound 3.7c (10mM, 5xCMC), compound 3.7d (10mM, 5xCMC), compound 3.7e (2mM, 5xCMC), compound 3.7f (10mM, 500xCMC), compound 3.7h (1mM, 100xCMC), compound 3.7j (2mM, 100xCMC), compound 3.9a (1mM, 50xCMC).
- DLS light scattering
- Figure 6 shows the extraction of membrane proteins BmrA (panels A and C) and AcrB (panels B and D) using commercial detergents and molecules of the invention (panels A and B, from left to right: SDS, DDM, FC12, TX100, compounds of the invention 1 .4, 1, 5, 2.3a, 2.3b, 2.3c, 2.3d, 2.3e, 2.3f, 2.3g, 2.3h, 2.3i, 3.7a , 3.7b, panel C: compounds of the invention 3.7c 0.8%, 3.7d 0.16%, 3.7e 0.8%, 3.7f 0.3%, 3.7g 0.4%, 3.7h 0 , 2%, 3.7i 0.07%, 3.7j 0.09%, 3.7k, 3.7I 0.25%, 3.9a, 4.5a, 4.5b, 4.5c, 4.5d 0.34%, 4.6a, 4.6b, 4.6c, 4.6d, 5.3a, 5.3b, 5.3c 0.3%, 5.3d 0.3%, panel D:
- Figure 7 shows the effect of the detergents of the invention on the functionality of BmrA (ATPase activity,%).
- the membrane fraction enriched in BmrA (-25%) diluted to 2 g / L is added compounds at the concentrations (mM) indicated (panel A, from top to bottom: 3.7e 10.7 mM, 3.7e 8.6 mM, 3.7e 6.4mM, 3.7e 4.3mM, 3.7e 2.2mM, 3.7e 1, 1mM, 3.7d 4mM, 3.7d 3mM, 3.7d 2mM, 3.7d 1mM, 3.7d 0.8mM, 3.7d 0.6mM, 3.7d 0.05mM, 3.7d 0.03mM, 3.7d 0.02mM, 3.7c 13mM, 3.7c 10.4mM, 3.7c 10mM, 3.7b 1.5mM, 3.7b 0.7mM, 3.7b 0.5mM, 2.3gNa2 20.5mM, 2.3gK2 19.
- the solutions are then centrifuged for 1 h at 4 ° C., 100,000 ⁇ g and the supernatants deposited on SDS PAGE 10% (cf. FIG. 8).
- the gray and black histograms correspond to the concentrations at which BmrA is partially (gray) or completely (black) extracted from these SDSPAGE.
- the ATPase activity is in% relative to that of the protein without compound, 0.7 ⁇ ATP hydrolysed / min / mg proteins.
- FIG. 8 represents the extraction of BmrA tested at different concentrations (expressed in mM and in xCMC) of different detergents (DDM, LMNG and FA3) and molecules of the invention (3.7b, 3.7c, 3.7d, 3.7 e, 3.7f, 3.7h, 3.7g, 3.7j, 3.71, 3.9a, 4.3d, 5.3b) as shown in Fig. 7.
- the total (T) and soluble (S) fractions of the solutions prepared in Figure 7 are deposited on SDSPAGE 10% after separation by centrifugation at 100,000xg 30 min, 4 ° C.
- DDM ⁇ -D-dodecyl maltoside
- LMNG lauryl maltoside neopentyl glycol
- FA3 amphiphilic facial # 3 (Lee, S.C. et al. ([9])).
- Figure 9 shows the stability in time of purified BmrA in DDM (points represented by circles) and added compounds of the invention (3.7c, points represented by squares and 3.7g, points represented by diamonds), or of FA3 (points represented by triangles).
- the ATPase activity (%) is measured according to the post-purification incubation days, as explained in Example 13.
- FIG. 10 shows the separation by Superdex S200 5/150 column exclusion chromatography of the ABC BmrA membrane protein in the presence of either DDM (dashed line) or the compound of the invention 3.7c (line drawing). full).
- the membrane fraction was extracted and purified by Ni-NTA metal-affinity and Size-exclusion Superdex 200 DDM before being reloaded on Ni-NTA to exchange the DDM either against itself or against the compound 3.7c. Chapque pool was then loaded onto a 3 mL Superdex S200 5/150 size-exclusion column, and eluted in the presence of 2 CMCs of the same detergent, as indicated.
- the proteins are labeled by absorbance at 280 nm.
- FIG. 1 1 represents the heat stability of the membrane protein BmrA in the presence of compounds of the invention.
- AT. Thermostabilization of BmrA by detergents and compounds of the invention (from left to right: DDM, LMNG, 3.7d, 3.7c, 3.7b, 3.7a, 3.7I, 3.7j, 3.7k, 3.7f and 3.7
- Membrane fractions were extracted with 10 mM DDM with or without 1 mM detergents and compounds of the invention, clarified and subjected to 30 min at the indicated temperatures followed by centrifugation and SDS-PAGE + Western blot supernatants to quantify membrane proteins remaining (2 -4 experiments)
- detergents belonging to formula (I) are prepared according to the following protocols:
- reaction mixture is stirred under an inert atmosphere and at RT for 3 h. After adding water (15 mL / mmol), the reaction medium is extracted with ethyl ether. The organic phases are combined, washed with distilled water and saturated aqueous NaCl solution, dried over MgSO 4 , filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product is purified by chromatographic column on silica gel.
- Example 2 Example of Compounds 1.1 to 1.5
- the organic phase is washed successively with a saturated solution of NaCl, a solution of HCl (0.1 N) and then with a solution of NaHCO 3 (5%) before being dried over Na 2 SO 4 , filtered and concentrated in vacuo.
- the residue obtained is taken up in a piperidine / DMF mixture (20:80, 300 mL). After stirring for 1 h at RT, the reaction medium is then concentrated in vacuo.
- the crude product obtained is purified by chromatography column on silica gel (CH 2 Cl 2 / MeOH 98: 2) to give the expected compound (2.44 g, 7.43 mmol, 95%) in the form of a yellow oil. .
- Example 3 Compounds 2.1 to 2.3
- the compound 2.2i (white solid, 162 mg, 0.24 mmol, 83%) was obtained from the compound 2.1 b according to the general protocol A (purification: chromatographic column on silica gel, eluent: cyclohexane / AcOEt 9 : 1 to 7: 3)
- R 1 Ac-saccharide or PEG
- R 1 a saccharide or PEG
- R 2 -OBn or - NHCh COOBn
- R 2a -OH or -NHCH 2 COOH
- R 3 - (CH 2 ) n CH 3 , - CH [(CH 2 ) n CH 3 ] 2 or - (CH 2 ) n cyclohexyl.
- the compound 3.2b (yellowish oil, 1.91 g, 3.45 mmol, 77%) was obtained from the compound 3.1 a by following the general protocol A (purification: chromatographic column on silica gel, eluent: cyclohexane / AcOEt 9: 1 to 7: 3).
- the compound 3.5h (white solid, 91 mg 0.09 mmol, 88%) was obtained from the compound 3.3g following the general procedure I (purification: chromatographic column on silica gel, eluent: CH 2 Cl 2 / 99: 1 to 97: 3 MeOH).
- the compound 3.7k (white solid, 60 mg, 0.09 mmol, 82%) was obtained from the compound 3.5k following the general protocols J and F.
- Example 6 Compounds 5.1 to 5.3
- Compound 5.1a (white solid, 1.051 g, 2.06 mmol, 60%) was obtained from L-Fmoc-Cys (Trt) -OH and dodecene according to the general protocol L.
- NHFmoc Compound 5.1b (white solid, 1.050 g, 1.95 mmol, 57%) was obtained from L-Fmoc-Cys (Trt) -OH and tetradecene according to the general protocol L.
- Compound 5.2a (colorless solid, 1.036 g, 0.87 mmol, 60%) was obtained from 5.1a and 2'-aminoethyl-4-O- (2,3,4,6-). tetra-O-acetyl- ⁇ -D-glucopyranosyl) -2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-D-glucopyranoside (not described) following the general protocol A.
- BmrA and AcrB 2 bacterial polytopic membrane proteins.
- BmrA is characterized by a functional topology sensitive to extraction with detergents.
- BmrA is a polytopic membrane protein organized into 3 domains, cytosolic, membrane and extracellular ( Figure 1).
- the cytosolic domain is made up of 2 parts called nucleotide-binding domains, NBD, which when united bind and then hydrolyze ⁇ .
- the membrane domain is also formed of 2 parts called trans-membrane domains, TMD, each connected to a NBD. TMDs adopt different conformations directed towards the inside or the outside of the cell according to the catalytic cycle.
- BmrA This allows BmrA to capture substrates (S in Figure 1) present in the intracellular space (or plasma membrane) and evacuate them to the outside.
- This type of efflux pump is ubiquitous. They belong to the family of ABC transporters that cells overexpress in case of chemical stress caused by antibiotic, anticancer, antifungal or antiviral treatments.
- This transport is effected via a conformational change that changes the internal or external orientation of the drug binding sites located in the membrane region of the protein ( Figure 1). After transport, the protein resumes its initial conformation using the energy from ATP hydrolysis (Ward, AB et al., Structures of P-glycoprotein reveal its conformational flexibility and nucleotide-binding domain epitope.
- the molecules of the present invention do not absorb, or negligibly, from 220 to 500 nm (and beyond), as evidenced in Figure 2. They do not therefore prevent the detection of proteins. at 280 nm.
- the arix [4] arenic structure associated with 3 acid functions causes the corresponding detergents to chelate the divalent metals very effectively.
- the new design of the molecules of the invention eliminates this effect.
- Example 9 Measurement of the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the molecules of the invention.
- the molecules of the invention were prepared in a concentration range from 0.1 ⁇ l to 10 mM in 50 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0 and neutralized at this pH. To 80 ⁇ l of each solution (triplicate) is added the same volume of 10 ⁇ 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH, Sigma, D208000), prepared at 100 ⁇ l in tetrahydrofuran and then diluted 10 ⁇ in H2O. . The increase of the fluorescence of the DPH occurs when it finds micelles of clips in which to insert (Chattopadhyay, A. & London, E. Fluorimetric determination of critical micelle concentration avoiding interference from detergent load.
- DPH 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene
- the fluorescence reading is performed with a SAFAS Xenius fluorimeter by exciting at 358 nm and recording fluorescence emission at 430 nm, with 9 to 10 nm slots for excitation and emission and a gain of 100 at 150, depending on the case.
- the CMC of detergents is the concentration from which they associate to form micelles, in which, in aqueous solution, the hydrophobic parts are grouped in the center and the hydrophilic regions exposed to the solvent.
- This CMC was measured here by following the increase in fluorescence of a compound, DPH, whose fluorescence increases significantly when it is inserted into the micelles (Chattopadhyay, A. & London, E. ([22]) ).
- DPH whose fluorescence increases significantly when it is inserted into the micelles
- FIG. 4 A typical result obtained with a 3.7 compound having a C13 (3.7e) or C18 (3.7h) aliphatic chain is illustrated in FIG. 4.
- the following table 1 summarizes the values obtained for the molecules of the invention. .
- Another physico-chemical parameter of detergent micelles is their diameter, assuming that they are spherical. This magnitude is obtained by the light scattering technique (DLS).
- the molecules of the invention tested were prepared in a concentration range of 0.1 to 1000 x CMC in 30 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0 and neutralized at this pH.
- the solutions are filtered on 0.22 ⁇ .
- the measurement is made on 100 ⁇ , in triplicate on a Zetasizer Nano-S from Malvern Instruments.
- the estimated diameters of the clips tested are, with the exception of compound 3.7j, of the order of 3 to 5 nm, ie objects of relatively small size for detergents.
- the micelles therefore have reduced sizes, independently of their CMC, which varies for the compounds tested, from 20 ⁇ to 2 mM.
- Compound 3.7j is an exception, forming objects of very large size, of the order of 60 nm. It is likely to behave like lauryl maltosides neopentyl glycols (Chae, PS et al ([6]), Chaptal, V. et al., Quantification of detergents complexed with membrane proteins. [23])). Results are illus- trated in Figure 5.
- Example 11 Extraction of BmrA and AcrB with the Molecules of the Invention
- Operating procedure BmrA represents 25% of the proteins present in the overexpression system used (E. coli, C41 DE3). These membranes are prepared as previously described (Matar-Merheb, R. et al. ([11])). AcrB-containing membranes (about 20% of membrane proteins, same expression system as BmrA) were prepared as previously described (Seeger, M.A. et al ([21])).
- the detergents are used at 10 g / L unless otherwise indicated and the proteins diluted to 2 g / L in a 20 mM Tris-HCl buffer, pH 8.0, 100 mM NaCl, 15% glycerol, supplemented with antiproteases (Roche) at a rate of one tablet / 100 mL.
- the whole (T) is incubated for 2 h at 4 ° C. and then centrifuged for 1 h at 4 ° C. to 100 000 ⁇ g to separate the fraction extracted (supernatant, S) from that which is not (pellet).
- the supernatants are deposited on SDSPAGE of 10%, stained after migration with Coomassie blue.
- Foscholine 12, DDM and LMNG come from Anatrace
- SDS and Triton X100 come from Sigma-Aldrich.
- the extradating compounds are 1 .4, 2.3 [a, d, f, g, h, i], 3.7 [c, f, g, h, I], 4.5 [d], 4.6d, 5.3 [ad].
- the group of partial extractants we find 1 .5, 3.7 [d, j], 4.5 [b, c], and in that of non-extractants 2.3 [b, c], 3.7 [a, b, e, i, k], 3.9a, 4.5a and 4.6a.
- the extractant compounds are 1 .5, 2.3 [a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i], 3.7 [c, d, e, f, h, j, I], 4.5 [b, c, d], 4.6 [c, d] those that partially extract, 4.5a, 4.6d, and those that do not extract, 3.7 [a, b, i, k] and 4.6a.
- the molecules of the invention which extract BmrA in the preceding example were tested at different sub-solubilizing and solubilizing concentrations, to evaluate their impact on the native and functional state of the protein.
- the latter is monitored by the hydrolysis of ATP that the protein performs during the transport cycle, coupled with solute translocation.
- the ATPase activity of BmrA is a very sensitive marker of the state of the protein, the latter being particularly sensitive to the detergents used during the extraction step where they replace the lipids in contact with the membrane protein.
- Operating procedure BmrA produced and enriched in the plasma membrane of E. coli C41 DE3 is prepared as previously described (Matar-Merheb, R. et al ([1 1])).
- the membranes are diluted to 2 g / L in a 20 mM Tris-HCl buffer, pH 8.0, 100 mM NaCl, 15% glycerol, supplemented with antiproteases (Roche) at a rate of one tablet / 100 mL.
- the detergents are added at the concentrations indicated in FIG. 7.
- the whole (T) is incubated for 2 h at 4 ° C. and the ATPase activity is measured using the coupled enzyme system, subtracting the Vanadate activity.
- DDM very widely used in the field, induces the same effects, decreasing the ATPase activity of BmrA by 50 to 15% at concentrations that allow its extraction, beyond 5 mM.
- FA3 a newly developed steroid-coupled dimaltoside (Lee, SC et al (2013) ([9]), produced the same effect by inactivating 75% and 80% of BmrA ATPase activity at concentrations that extract the protein.
- the most effective compounds are grouped in series 3.7, the best of which are 3.7 [b, c, e, g, j, l]. These extract BmrA while preserving (3.7j, l), or increasing 1.5x (3.7b, c, g) or 2x (3.7) the ATPase activity of the protein. It should be noted that this increase in activity is a characteristic of ABC transporters, whose basal activity can be multiplied up to 2.5 times in the presence of solutes; it shows a perfect functional state.
- Compounds 3.7b and 3.7c share the same design, including a molecule-linked ose via a triazole, 2 carboxylic functions and a C 1 and C 13 aliphatic chain.
- Compounds 3.7e and 3.7g are a variant of 3.7c with either a maltoside or a pegylated chain in place of oside.
- Operating procedure BmrA produced and enriched in the plasma membrane of E. coli C41 DE3 is prepared as previously described (Matar-Merheb, R. et al ([1 1])). Twenty milligrams of this membrane fraction are diluted at 4 ° C to 1 g / L in 100 mM NaPi pH 8.0, 15% glycerol, 100 mM NaCl, 10 mM imidazole, 1 mM DTT. The suspension is supplemented with antiproteases (Roche, 1 tablet / 50 ml) and benzonase (Sigma, 30 U / ml). The membrane proteins are then extracted by adding 1% DDM (20 mM), for 1 h at 4 ° C. .
- the solution is centrifuged for 1 hour at 100,000xg, 4 ° C (Optima XPN-80, 50.2%).
- the supernatant is loaded at 2 mL / min on a 5 mL Ni-NTA resin (GE Healthcare, HiTrap chelating HP) equilibrated in buffer A, 100 mM NaPi pH 8.0, 10% glycerol, 100 mM NaCl, 10 mM imidazole, 0.05 % DDM (1mM, 5xCMC).
- BmrA is eluted with buffer A gradient and buffer C (100 mM NaPi, 10% glycerol, 100 mM NaCl, 250 mM Imidazole, 0.05% DDM (1 mM, 5xCMC)) spread over 10 mL and collected by fraction of 1 mL at 3 mL / min. The fractions of the peak are united
- the solution is separated into 4 fractions diluted to 0.2 g / L of proteins with buffer A without imidazole and DDM.
- the final [DDM] is 0.25 mM.
- Each aliquot is supplemented with 0.087 mM DDM, F A3, 3.7c or 3.7g and stored at 4 ° C for 40 days.
- Vanadate-sensitive ATPase activity Centeno, F. et al. ([25])) is measured at the times shown in Figure 9 in duplicate.
- BmrA was extracted into DDM and purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography as described in Example 13 and loaded onto a Superdex 200 10/300 size exclusion column and eluted with 50 mM Hepes-HCl pH 8. 0.10 mM NaCl, 0.4 mM DDM (2xCMC). Fractions containing BmrA were pooled and separated into several aliquots (-100 g) stored at 4 ° C. An aliquot was then refilled on a column affinity containing 1 mL of resin. The DDM was then exchanged for 10 volumes of Hepes-NaCl buffer containing either 2 CMCs of DDM (control experiment) or 2 CMCs of Compound 3.7c (2 mM).
- BmrA was then eluted in the respective buffers plus 100 mM imidazole.
- the fractions containing the proteins were pooled and concentrated on amicon 50 kDa (regenerated cellulose) up to 50 ⁇ which were then deposited on a 3 ml Superdex 200 5/150 size exclusion column, equilibrated in 50 mM Hepes. -HCl pH 8.0, 100 mM NaCl, and 2 CMC of DDM (0.4 mM) or 3.7c (2 mM). Elution was then performed at 0.3 mL / min in the respective buffers and BmrA detected at 280 nm.
- thermostability gain is equivalent to that obtained previously by introducing 17 mutations in an A2AR protein fusion protein with a C-terminal truncation of 96 residues (Magnani et al., ([32])).
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| FR1751922A FR3063730B1 (fr) | 2017-03-09 | 2017-03-09 | Composes-clips surfactants pour l'extraction et la stabilisation en solution de proteines membranaires |
| PCT/FR2017/053857 WO2018162806A1 (fr) | 2017-03-09 | 2017-12-27 | Composés-clips surfactants pour l'extraction et la stabilisation en solution de protéines membranaires |
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| AU2002257440A1 (en) | 2001-05-07 | 2002-11-18 | National Research Council Of Canada | Enhanced production of recombinant proteins by transient transfection of suspension-growing mammalian cells |
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| US20210130385A1 (en) | 2021-05-06 |
| FR3063730A1 (fr) | 2018-09-14 |
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| US11440932B2 (en) | 2022-09-13 |
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