EP3590658B1 - Procédé de fabrication de corps abrasif fin - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication de corps abrasif fin Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3590658B1
EP3590658B1 EP19173758.4A EP19173758A EP3590658B1 EP 3590658 B1 EP3590658 B1 EP 3590658B1 EP 19173758 A EP19173758 A EP 19173758A EP 3590658 B1 EP3590658 B1 EP 3590658B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grinding
abrasive
intermediate layer
mass
bodies
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19173758.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3590658C0 (fr
EP3590658A1 (fr
Inventor
Maria Cristina Didavide
Matthias Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Reishauer AG
Original Assignee
Reishauer AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Reishauer AG filed Critical Reishauer AG
Publication of EP3590658A1 publication Critical patent/EP3590658A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3590658B1 publication Critical patent/EP3590658B1/fr
Publication of EP3590658C0 publication Critical patent/EP3590658C0/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
    • B24D18/0009—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for using moulds or presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
    • B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
    • B24D3/14—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic ceramic, i.e. vitrified bondings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing vitrified bonded grinding wheels.
  • Bonded grinding tools or also grinding bodies are used in technology, in particular for surface treatment.
  • abrasive grains for example those based on aluminum oxide or corundum, silicon carbide, diamond or CBN, are processed with a binder and other additives, such as fillers, active grinding substances, pore-forming agents or temporary adhesives, to form a mixture that is then pressed in a press mold to form the desired shape.
  • the resulting green body is then dried, optionally freed from the added pore-forming agents at suitable temperatures and then ceramically fired.
  • the grinding tools have different diameters and thicknesses, with the amount of work required to manufacture individual grinding wheels being almost independent of how thick a wheel is or what diameter it has. Thin grinding wheels can only guarantee a small amount of material removed during grinding. Thus, the cost of producing thin abrasives, calculated on the removal that can be achieved with these abrasives, is relatively high compared to thicker abrasives. Since the amount of work involved in the production of abrasive bodies makes up a large part of the production costs, the use of thin abrasive bodies is comparatively expensive. Although the manufacturing costs can be reduced through automation, this only pays off if large quantities of panes can be produced.
  • WO 2010/129813 A2 discloses a method of making a polycrystalline diamond abrasive article. Multiple layers of diamond grains are placed in a mold and each of these layers is surrounded by a substrate of cobalt containing tungsten carbide. A high temperature, high pressure sintering process is then carried out in the mold. During the sintering process, cobalt from the tungsten carbide substrate infiltrates the diamond layers where it catalyzes recrystallization of the diamond grains. This bonds the diamond grains together, creating a body of polycrystalline diamond (PCD) bonded to the tungsten carbide substrate. The resulting stack of tungsten carbide and PCD layers is removed from the mold and sliced. The tungsten carbide substrate is then removed and the catalyst is washed out of the remaining PCD material. Washing improves the thermal stability of the PCD material, resulting in a body of pure TSP.
  • PCD polycrystalline diamond
  • U.S. 4,807,402 forms the basis for the preamble of claim 1 and discloses a method for the production of grinding wheels from diamond or CBN.
  • Several layers of a layered structure are filled into a mold, each layer comprising a carrier layer and abrasive layers on both sides. Separating discs are provided between the individual layers. This layer structure is subjected to high pressure and high temperature at the same time in order to bond the carrier layer and the abrasive layers to one another.
  • the inventors of the present application had the basic idea of first producing thick cylindrical shaped bodies in large press molds and then dividing them into individual thin grinding bodies.
  • the first attempts did not claimed, consisted of cutting several thin discs from a cylinder to cut.
  • a cylindrical base body for conventional vitrified bonded grinding wheels with corundum as the abrasive grain was manufactured. After sintering, the cylinder was cut into slices using a diamond saw, and the thin grinding bodies thus obtained were turned plane-parallel and then subjected to a grinding test.
  • the grinding tests showed that the quality of the thin grinding wheels obtained in this way is comparable to that of conventionally manufactured individual grinding wheels.
  • cutting the cylinders into individual discs is relatively expensive and time-consuming, so that the original goal of producing thin grinding wheels at low cost could only be achieved to a limited extent in this way.
  • the inventors of the present application then developed the idea further and produced several thin abrasive bodies in a single pressing process in a single mold by filling the mass of abrasive grain, binder and additives required for a thin abrasive body into the mold, the mass smoothed and covered with an intermediate disc, in order to then fill in the compound for the next grinding wheel.
  • This method which is not claimed, also delivered grinding bodies of integrity, although the cost savings are limited, since the grinding bodies have to be processed further as individual grinding bodies after the pressing process and thus only the pressing of the grinding bodies was rationalized.
  • inserting the intermediate panes requires additional handling, which further reduces the cost savings.
  • the solution to the problem according to the invention provided for a thin intermediate layer to be formed by sprinkling inert particles onto the mass filled and smoothed for the desired individual abrasive body.
  • the mass for the next individual abrasive body was then poured onto the intermediate layer, which was in turn covered with an intermediate layer of inert particles after smoothing. This process was repeated until the mold was completely filled, leaving the mass for the last single grinding wheel uncovered.
  • the layered molded body is compressed in such a way that it can be removed from the mold as a coherent body and then dried and sintered or fired.
  • the sintered shaped body obtained in this way is built up in layers, the cohesion of the thin intermediate layers being made of inert particles which do not have a binder included, is not very pronounced. It should be noted that the radial friction between the individual grinding bodies is very high, so that the grinding bodies can only be moved against one another with difficulty, but can be lifted off easily. The desired individual grinding bodies can now be removed from the sintered shaped body thus obtained at the level of the intermediate layers without great mechanical effort. The grinding wheels then only have to be rotated plane-parallel in order to be able to be used as thin grinding wheels.
  • EP 1 189 731 B1 a method and an apparatus for producing thin grinding bodies by pressing at least one layer formed from abrasive grains and two layers containing no abrasive grains and enclosing the grinding wheel, the two layers without abrasive grains being provided as reinforcing layers.
  • the DE 100 62 473 A1 describes a honing ring and a method for producing a honing ring, the base body of the honing ring being formed by a stack of discs. The individual discs are firmly bonded to one another with layers of adhesive or binding agent to form the desired honing ring.
  • the DE 35 45 308 A1 describes multi-layer grinding bodies which are built up in layers with the interposition of at least one layer of vibration-damping materials for noise damping, the layer of vibration-damping materials being brought into the mold in the form of a fine-grained, free-flowing powder and/or granules.
  • the present invention thus specifies a method for producing vitrified bonded grinding bodies, in which, in a first step, a mass of at least one mixture of abrasive grains and binder, sufficient for several thin individual grinding bodies, is placed in a mold.
  • the mixture can optionally additionally contain grinding-active and/or grinding-inactive fillers, additives and pore-forming agents.
  • the mass is positively pressed in the mold using a press, and the green body thus obtained is then sintered to form a shaped body. After cooling, the sintered shaped body is divided into individual disks.
  • an oversized abrasive body or cylindrical shaped body is thus produced in a press mold and then divided into thin individual discs.
  • the filling of the at least one mixture into the mold is done in portions, with a portion sufficient for a single abrasive element being initially filled into the mold, the mass then being smoothed and then covered with an intermediate layer, and this process being repeated until the mold is filled .
  • the intermediate layer is formed by inserting an intermediate disk.
  • the shim can be made of any material that will not react with the abrasive grain mixture.
  • thin sheet metal can be used, which can be produced relatively cheaply and reused without any problems.
  • the intermediate layer is formed by sprinkling inert particles onto the mass filled and smoothed for the desired individual abrasive body.
  • Suitable inert particles are, for example, loose corundum grains, which are sprinkled onto the mass filled and smoothed for the desired individual grinding wheel.
  • the layer thickness of the intermediate layer of loose corundum grains is advantageously 0.5 mm to 5 mm, preferably about 1 mm.
  • the layer thickness selected must be thick enough to prevent the adjacent grinding wheels from sticking together, and at the same time small enough so that the multi-layer molded body holds together after pressing and can be further processed as a whole.
  • the grain size of the loose corundum grains is advantageously F60 to F1000 according to FEPA.
  • any other particles can also be used for the intermediate layer, as long as they do not react with the mixture of abrasive particles and binder.
  • the use of corundum is advisable, since the method according to the invention is preferably intended for the production of vitrified bonded grinding bodies with abrasive grains based on aluminum oxide or corundum.
  • the process is not limited to the production of grinding wheels with the same strength and composition, but thin grinding wheels with different strengths (thickness) can be produced in one pressing process, which are then sintered as a coherent shaped body in a sintering cycle. It is even possible to produce grinding bodies with different compositions using the method according to the invention if corresponding different mixtures are poured into the compression mold in portions and separated with an intermediate layer. Provided that the green bodies obtained from the different mixtures can be fired with the same sintering cycle, a layer of loose corundum can again be used as an intermediate layer. If the respective green bodies require different sintering cycles, it makes sense, in contrast to the claimed invention, to insert metal sheets as intermediate layers, so that the green bodies can be further processed separately after the pressing process. It should be noted that in principle it is of course also possible to choose different intermediate layers for a pressing process if, for example, different grinding wheels are to be produced.
  • the figure 1 shows the individual components of a compilation for the burning process.
  • This combination comprises a shaped body 1 which is made up of a plurality of grinding bodies 2 and intermediate layers 3 .
  • the assembly also includes a trivet 4 on which the shaped body 1 is supported during the firing process and during transport to and from the kiln.
  • the intermediate layer 3 and the abrasive body 2 in the figure 1 also shown separately.
  • the intermediate layer 3 can be formed from loose corundum grains.
  • the coaster 4 is a refractory ceramic carrier that can be used again after the firing process for the next firing cycle.
  • the figure 2 shows, from a side perspective, an assembly for a firing process of a multi-layer sintered shaped body 1, which consists of a total of four grinding bodies 2, which are each connected to one another via an intermediate layer 3.
  • the intermediate layer 3 can be formed from loose corundum grains, for example, which are compressed to such an extent during pressing that the intermediate layer 3 holds the shaped body 1 together without an additional binder.
  • the intermediate layer 3 is relatively thin, so that it is ensured that the shaped body 1 holds together as a whole and can be processed accordingly.
  • the stability of the intermediate layer 3 is low enough that the individual grinding bodies 2 can be lifted off the stack and separated from one another after sintering with a low mechanical load along the intermediate layer 3 .
  • the intermediate layer 3 thus acts like a perforation.
  • the sintered one Shaped body 1 is mounted on a ceramic coaster 4, on which it is placed after pressing in order to then be driven into the sintering furnace.
  • the figure 3 shows the sintered body 1 from figure 2 from a slightly different perspective, with the viewer looking inside the stack of abrasives in the top view.
  • the multi-layer molded body 1 made up of abrasive body layers 2 and intermediate layers 3 is deposited on a ceramic base 4, which is provided as a carrier for transporting the green body from the press to the sintering furnace.
  • FIG 4 Illustrates a simplified flow chart for the cost-effective manufacture of thin vitrified bonded grinding tools.
  • abrasive grains, a ceramic binder, a pore-forming agent and, if necessary, adhesive and additives are mixed (step 21).
  • the resulting mass is then removed from the mixer, sieved and placed in a mold (step 22).
  • the filling into the mold takes place in portions, with a portion sufficient for a single abrasive element being initially filled into the mold, the mass then being smoothed and then covered with an intermediate layer, with this process being repeated until the mold is filled.
  • the filled mass together with the intermediate layers is pressed with a press (step 23).
  • the green body thus obtained is optionally dried and fired in an oven (step 24). After firing and cooling, the grinding bodies are separated from the sintered shaped body, for example by low mechanical stress along the intermediate layer, and separated (step 25).
  • the components were placed in a drum mixer and mixed in 23 mixing steps for about 60 minutes until the composition was visually homogeneous and free-flowing. The mass was then removed from the mixer and screened out. The screened mass was placed in a mold to produce a comparison pane and pressed with a press at a pressure of 90 bar to form a positive fit.
  • the green body obtained in this way had the dimensions (diameter ⁇ height ⁇ bore) 280 ⁇ 35 ⁇ 157 mm and was fired in a furnace to a maximum temperature of 1200° C. using a predetermined firing program.
  • Portions of the same mass were placed in a higher mold with the same diameter, with a portion sufficient for a single grinding wheel being filled into the mold, the mass then smoothed and then covered with an intermediate layer and this process repeated until the mold with was filled with a compound for a total of four grinding wheels.
  • a layer of fine corundum white with a grain size of F80 and a layer thickness of approx. 1 mm was chosen as the intermediate layer.
  • the finished abrasives had the properties described in Table 2 below.
  • Sample A was conventionally manufactured as a single disk in a small mold.
  • Sample B was an edge piece of the sintered multi-layer molded body.
  • Sample C was taken out from the center of the sintered multi-layer molded body.
  • the first step in testing the discs was Limit chip volume or the equivalent limit chip thickness h eq_th until grinding burn occurs and in a second step the limit chip volume or the equivalent limit chip thickness h eq_v with regard to exceeding the permissible wear limit. Both values are also recorded in Table 2.
  • the discs were tested on a Reishauer RZ 260 machine using cooling oil and a diamond dressing tool.
  • a test wheel made of the material 16MnCr5 was selected as the workpiece.
  • the wear test was carried out with a comparable technology, whereby the 2nd stage worked with a variable Z feed during the roughing stroke and after the finishing stroke (3rd stage) the wear in the area of use of the grinding worm was determined during the roughing stroke. If a form deviation of the profile f ff > 6 ⁇ m according to DIN 3960 is exceeded at a specified grinding speed, the performance limit is reached.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Procédé de fabrication de corps abrasifs (2) à liant céramique, dans lequel
    - une masse suffisante pour plusieurs corps abrasifs individuels (2), constituée d'au moins un mélange de grains abrasifs et de liant, est introduite dans un moule, le mélange pouvant contenir en option en plus des charges actives et/ou inactives pour l'abrasion, des additifs et des agents porogènes,
    - le remplissage du au moins un mélange dans le moule s'effectue par portions, une portion suffisante pour un corps abrasif individuel (2) étant tout d'abord versée dans le moule, la masse étant ensuite lissée puis recouverte d'une couche intermédiaire (3) et ce processus étant répété autant de fois que nécessaire jusqu'à ce que le moule soit rempli, et
    - la masse est pressée en forme dans le moule à l'aide d'une presse hydraulique, caractérisé en ce que
    - la couche intermédiaire (3) est formée en saupoudrant des particules inertes, qui ne présentent pas de réaction avec le mélange grain abrasif-liant, sur la masse remplie et lissée pour le corps abrasif individuel (2) souhaité,
    - le corps vert ainsi obtenu est ensuite fritté en un corps moulé (1), et
    - le corps moulé fritté (1) est divisé en corps abrasifs individuels (2) après le refroidissement.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la couche intermédiaire (3) de particules inertes présente une épaisseur de couche de 0.5 à 5 mm.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la couche intermédiaire (3) de particules inertes présente une épaisseur de couche d'environ 1 mm.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la couche intermédiaire (3) est formée par saupoudrage de grains de corindon en vrac sur la masse remplie et lissée pour le corps abrasif individuel (2) souhaité.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la taille des grains de corindon en vrac est de F60 à F 1000 selon FEPA.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    tous les corps abrasifs (2) ont la même épaisseur et la même composition.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les corps abrasifs (2) n'ont pas tous la même épaisseur et la même composition.
EP19173758.4A 2018-05-29 2019-05-10 Procédé de fabrication de corps abrasif fin Active EP3590658B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH00680/18A CH715030B1 (de) 2018-05-29 2018-05-29 Verfahren zur Herstellung dünner Schleifkörper.

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3590658A1 EP3590658A1 (fr) 2020-01-08
EP3590658B1 true EP3590658B1 (fr) 2023-06-07
EP3590658C0 EP3590658C0 (fr) 2023-06-07

Family

ID=62528182

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19173758.4A Active EP3590658B1 (fr) 2018-05-29 2019-05-10 Procédé de fabrication de corps abrasif fin

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3590658B1 (fr)
CH (1) CH715030B1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3442230A1 (de) 1984-11-19 1986-05-28 Tyrolit-Schleifmittelwerke Swarovski KG, Schwaz, Tirol Verfahren zur herstellung einer schleifscheibe
US4807402A (en) * 1988-02-12 1989-02-28 General Electric Company Diamond and cubic boron nitride
FR2794676B1 (fr) 1999-06-09 2001-08-10 Seva Procede et installation de fabrication de meules abrasives, et meule fabriquee par ce procede
DE10062473B4 (de) 2000-12-14 2004-06-17 Erich Haug Honring sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Honring-Grundkörpers
FR2898070B1 (fr) * 2006-03-06 2009-01-09 Saint Gobain Abrasifs Tech Meule d'ebarbage fine, utilisation de cette meule, procede et dispositif pour la fabriquer
US8771389B2 (en) * 2009-05-06 2014-07-08 Smith International, Inc. Methods of making and attaching TSP material for forming cutting elements, cutting elements having such TSP material and bits incorporating such cutting elements

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3590658C0 (fr) 2023-06-07
CH715030B1 (de) 2020-09-30
CH715030A1 (de) 2019-11-29
EP3590658A1 (fr) 2020-01-08
CH715030A9 (de) 2020-01-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE112005001119B4 (de) Abrichtklinge zum Bearbeiten von Schleifwerkzeugen und Verfahren zum Anfertigen einer Abrichtklinge
DE69730439T2 (de) Schleifscheibe mit hoher permeabilität
AT515258B1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schleifkörpern
DE69901438T4 (de) Schleifwerkzeuge
EP3013919B1 (fr) Élément abrasif
DE69730438T2 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung von schleifscheiben mit hoher permeabilität
DE69937719T2 (de) Keramisch gebundener Schleiffestkörper verstärkt durch Kunstharzimprägnieren und Verfahren zum Herstellen desselben
EP3374129B1 (fr) Élément abrasif céramique fritté, polycristallin, de forme plate et d'une certaine structure géométrique, procédé de fabrication dudit élément et son utilisation
EP2391482B1 (fr) Meule comprenant des concepatacles vegetals comme materiel de remplissage et procede de sa fabrication
DE68909746T2 (de) Zusammensengesetztes Schneidmittel mit einem ultraharten Aktivteil und Verfahren zur Herstellung dieses Schneidmittels.
EP2956271A1 (fr) Procédé et outil de rectification pour la rectification sans centre haute précision d'éléments de type arbre, à un haut niveau de qualité de surface
EP3590658B1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication de corps abrasif fin
DE69010587T2 (de) Schleifwerkzeuge.
DE4430570C2 (de) Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Kohlenstoffsubstrates
DE102010025677A1 (de) Abrichtwerkzeug
EP4017681A1 (fr) Disque abrasif à trois couches
DE2942217A1 (de) Hochgeschwindigkeitsschleifstein und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
DE10221483C1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung frei gesinterter ringförmiger Schleifbeläge für Schleifscheiben
DE102017204602A1 (de) Schneidverfahren für einen Körper mit Wabenstruktur und Herstellungsverfahren einer Wabenstruktur
EP3360944A2 (fr) Matière abrasive
EP3928895A1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication d'une ébauche et procédé de traitement ultérieur de l'ébauche en un segment de traitement
DE102021201070A1 (de) Honleiste, Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Honleiste sowie Honwerkzeug
DE112010000928B4 (de) Schleifwerkzeug
EP3928893A1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication d'un segment de traitement doté d'une projection de particules de matériau dur sur la face supérieure
WO1998021009A1 (fr) Corps abrasif et son procede de fabrication

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN PUBLISHED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20200217

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: B24D 3/14 20060101ALI20220113BHEP

Ipc: B24D 18/00 20060101AFI20220113BHEP

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20220202

GRAJ Information related to disapproval of communication of intention to grant by the applicant or resumption of examination proceedings by the epo deleted

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTC Intention to grant announced (deleted)
INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20220705

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1573560

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20230615

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502019007874

Country of ref document: DE

U01 Request for unitary effect filed

Effective date: 20230608

U07 Unitary effect registered

Designated state(s): AT BE BG DE DK EE FI FR IT LT LU LV MT NL PT SE SI

Effective date: 20230619

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG9D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230907

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2952611

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

Effective date: 20231102

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230607

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230607

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230908

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230607

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20231007

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230607

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230607

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230607

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20231007

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20230607

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502019007874

Country of ref document: DE

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20240308

U20 Renewal fee paid [unitary effect]

Year of fee payment: 6

Effective date: 20240514